Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality of Receivables | Note 5. Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality of Receivables Delinquencies Past due balances of Receivables still accruing finance income represent the total balance held (principal plus accrued interest) with any payment amounts 30 days or more past the contractual payment due date. The Company monitors the credit quality of Receivables based on delinquency status. Non-performing Receivables represent loans for which the Company has ceased accruing finance income. Generally, when retail notes revolving charge accounts Receivable balances are written off to the allowance for credit losses when, in the judgment of management, they are considered uncollectible. Generally, when retail notes Due to the significant, negative effects of COVID, the Company provided short-term relief to dealers and retail customers during 2020. The relief was provided in regional programs and on a case-by-case basis with customers that were generally current in their payment obligations. For retail receivable customers, which include retail notes financing leases An age analysis of past due Receivables that are still accruing interest and non-performing Receivables at November 1, 2020 was as follows (in millions of dollars): ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā 90 Days or ā ā ā ā ā ā 30-59 Days ā 60-89 Days ā Greater ā Total ā ā Past Due ā Past Due ā Past Due ā Past Due Retail notes: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā $ 101.2 ā $ 43.6 ā $ .5 ā $ 145.3 ā Construction and forestry ā 80.0 ā 38.1 ā ā 1.9 ā 120.0 ā Revolving charge accounts: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 11.5 ā 3.5 ā ā ā ā 15.0 ā Construction and forestry ā 2.4 ā 1.1 ā ā ā ā 3.5 ā Wholesale receivables: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 3.9 ā 4.4 ā ā 1.1 ā 9.4 ā Construction and forestry ā .3 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā .3 ā Financing leases: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 10.2 ā 4.0 ā ā 1.5 ā 15.7 ā Construction and forestry ā 2.0 ā .7 ā ā ā ā 2.7 ā Total Receivables ā $ 211.5 ā $ 95.4 ā $ 5.0 ā $ 311.9 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Total Total Non- ā ā Total ā ā ā Past Due ā Performing ā Current ā Receivables Retail notes: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā $ 145.3 ā $ 158.3 ā $ 17,727.4 ā $ 18,031.0 ā Construction and forestry ā 120.0 ā 73.5 ā ā 3,622.7 ā 3,816.2 ā Revolving charge accounts: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 15.0 ā 5.4 ā ā 3,710.3 ā 3,730.7 ā Construction and forestry ā 3.5 ā .9 ā ā 92.3 ā 96.7 ā Wholesale receivables: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 9.4 ā 4.0 ā ā 5,693.7 ā 5,707.1 ā Construction and forestry ā .3 ā ā ā ā ā 1,385.9 ā 1,386.2 ā Financing leases: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 15.7 ā 14.4 ā ā 613.8 ā 643.9 ā Construction and forestry ā 2.7 ā 6.0 ā ā 136.8 ā 145.5 ā Total Receivables ā $ 311.9 ā $ 262.5 ā $ 32,982.9 ā $ 33,557.3 ā ā An age analysis of past due Receivables that are still accruing interest and non-performing Receivables at November 3, 2019 was as follows (in millions of dollars): ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā 90 Days or ā ā ā ā ā ā 30-59 Days ā 60-89 Days ā Greater ā Total ā ā Past Due ā Past Due ā Past Due ā Past Due Retail notes: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā $ 120.0 ā $ 64.2 ā $ 1.5 ā $ 185.7 ā Construction and forestry ā 73.9 ā 26.6 ā ā ā ā 100.5 ā Revolving charge accounts: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 19.1 ā 9.2 ā ā ā ā 28.3 ā Construction and forestry ā 3.2 ā 1.2 ā ā ā ā 4.4 ā Wholesale receivables: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 4.1 ā 1.9 ā ā .8 ā 6.8 ā Construction and forestry ā .1 ā ā .3 ā ā .3 ā .7 ā Financing leases: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 14.6 ā 7.8 ā ā .5 ā 22.9 ā Construction and forestry ā 2.8 ā .7 ā ā ā ā 3.5 ā Total Receivables ā $ 237.8 ā $ 111.9 ā $ 3.1 ā $ 352.8 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Total Total Non- ā ā Total ā ā Past Due ā Performing ā Current ā Receivables Retail notes: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā $ 185.7 ā $ 168.7 ā $ 15,831.5 ā $ 16,185.9 ā Construction and forestry ā 100.5 ā 112.9 ā ā 3,100.8 ā 3,314.2 ā Revolving charge accounts: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 28.3 ā 6.1 ā ā 3,727.9 ā 3,762.3 ā Construction and forestry ā 4.4 ā .9 ā ā 95.4 ā 100.7 ā Wholesale receivables: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 6.8 ā 6.3 ā ā 6,544.6 ā 6,557.7 ā Construction and forestry ā .7 ā ā 2.9 ā ā 2,145.5 ā 2,149.1 ā Financing leases: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 22.9 ā 11.6 ā ā 569.8 ā 604.3 ā Construction and forestry ā 3.5 ā 2.5 ā ā 141.3 ā 147.3 ā Total Receivables ā $ 352.8 ā $ 311.9 ā $ 32,156.8 ā $ 32,821.5 ā ā Allowance for Credit Losses Allowances for credit losses on Receivables are maintained in amounts considered to be appropriate in relation to the Receivables outstanding based on historical loss experience by product category, portfolio duration, delinquency trends, economic conditions in the Companyās major markets and geographies, commodity price trends, and credit risk quality. An analysis of the allowance for credit losses and investment in Receivables at November 1, 2020, November 3, 2019, and October 28, 2018 was as follows (in millions of dollars): ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Revolving ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Retail ā Charge ā Wholesale ā Financing ā Total ā ā Notes ā Accounts ā Receivables ā Leases ā Receivables 2020 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Allowance: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Beginning of year balance ā $ 48.3 ā $ 39.3 ā $ 7.6 ā $ 5.4 ā $ 100.6 ā Provision (credit) for credit losses ā 65.2 ā ā 25.1 ā ā (1.9) ā ā 1.0 ā 89.4 ā Write-offs ā (46.9) ā ā (51.6) ā ā (.9) ā ā (2.2) ā (101.6) ā Recoveries ā 5.9 ā ā 29.5 ā ā 1.3 ā ā .5 ā 37.2 ā Other changes ā (.1) ā ā ā ā ā 3.8 ā ā (.2) ā 3.5 ā End of year balance ā $ 72.4 ā $ 42.3 ā $ 9.9 ā $ 4.5 ā $ 129.1 ā Balance individually evaluated * ā $ .8 ā ā ā ā $ 5.0 ā ā ā ā $ 5.8 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Receivables: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā End of year balance ā $ 21,847.2 ā $ 3,827.4 ā $ 7,093.3 ā $ 789.4 ā $ 33,557.3 ā Balance individually evaluated * ā $ 83.8 ā $ .9 ā $ 13.0 ā $ 1.9 ā $ 99.6 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā 2019 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Allowance: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Beginning of year balance ā $ 51.6 ā $ 42.3 ā $ 8.0 ā $ 4.8 ā $ 106.7 ā Provision (credit) for credit losses ā 18.3 ā ā 28.6 ā ā (4.2) ā ā 2.7 ā 45.4 ā Write-offs ā (28.7) ā ā (56.9) ā ā (.3) ā ā (2.4) ā (88.3) ā Recoveries ā 7.3 ā ā 25.3 ā ā 4.1 ā ā .3 ā 37.0 ā Translation adjustments ā (.2) ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā (.2) ā End of year balance ā $ 48.3 ā $ 39.3 ā $ 7.6 ā $ 5.4 ā $ 100.6 ā Balance individually evaluated * ā $ 1.9 ā ā ā ā $ 2.9 ā ā ā ā $ 4.8 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Receivables: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā End of year balance ā $ 19,500.1 ā $ 3,863.0 ā $ 8,706.8 ā $ 751.6 ā $ 32,821.5 ā Balance individually evaluated * ā $ 65.9 ā $ .1 ā $ 9.6 ā $ 1.9 ā $ 77.5 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā 2018 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Allowance: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Beginning of year balance ā $ 55.7 ā $ 39.7 ā $ 9.9 ā $ 8.5 ā $ 113.8 ā Provision (credit) for credit losses ā 11.9 ā ā 36.7 ā ā (.8) ā ā (.6) ā 47.2 ā Write-offs ā (22.1) ā ā (54.1) ā ā (1.1) ā ā (3.9) ā (81.2) ā Recoveries ā 6.4 ā ā 20.0 ā ā .2 ā ā .8 ā 27.4 ā Translation adjustments ā (.3) ā ā ā ā ā (.2) ā ā ā ā (.5) ā End of year balance ā $ 51.6 ā $ 42.3 ā $ 8.0 ā $ 4.8 ā $ 106.7 ā Balance individually evaluated * ā $ .1 ā ā ā ā $ 2.8 ā ā ā ā $ 2.9 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Receivables: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā End of year balance ā $ 18,110.9 ā $ 3,797.6 ā $ 7,967.6 ā $ 770.6 ā $ 30,646.7 ā Balance individually evaluated * ā $ 59.2 ā $ 2.3 ā $ 8.8 ā ā ā ā $ 70.3 ā * Remainder is collectively evaluated. During 2020, the allowance for credit losses increased primarily due to the negative economic effects related to COVID and other macroeconomic issues, which have significantly affected certain retail borrowers, particularly of construction equipment. Investments in non-performing Receivables at November 1, 2020 and November 3, 2019 were $262.5 million and $311.9 million, respectively. These Receivables as a percentage of total Receivables outstanding were .78 percent and .95 percent at November 1, 2020 and November 3, 2019, respectively. Total Receivable amounts 30 days or more past due and still accruing finance income were $311.9 million at November 1, 2020, compared with $352.8 million at November 3, 2019. These past due amounts represented .93 percent and 1.07 percent of total Receivables outstanding at November 1, 2020 and November 3, 2019, respectively. The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total Receivables outstanding represented .38 percent at November 1, 2020 and .31 percent at November 3, 2019. In addition, at November 1, 2020 and November 3, 2019, the Company had $110.1 million and $126.0 million, respectively, of deposits primarily withheld from John Deere dealers and merchants available for potential credit losses. Impaired Receivables Receivables are considered impaired when it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms. Receivables reviewed for impairment generally include those that are past due, have provided bankruptcy notification, or require significant collection efforts. Receivables considered to be impaired are generally classified as non-performing. An analysis of impaired Receivables at November 1, 2020 and November 3, 2019 was as follows (in millions of dollars): ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Unpaid ā ā Average ā ā Recorded ā Principal ā Specific ā Recorded ā ā Investment ā Balance ā Allowance ā Investment 2020 * ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Receivables with specific allowance: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Retail notes ā $ 1.4 ā $ 1.4 ā $ .8 ā $ 3.0 ā Wholesale receivables ā ā 13.1 ā ā 13.0 ā ā 5.0 ā ā 14.7 ā Total with specific allowance ā 14.5 ā 14.4 ā 5.8 ā 17.7 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Receivables without specific allowance: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Retail notes ā ā 29.4 ā ā 28.5 ā ā ā ā ā 31.7 ā Total without specific allowance ā 29.4 ā 28.5 ā ā ā ā 31.7 ā Total ā $ 43.9 ā $ 42.9 ā $ 5.8 ā $ 49.4 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā $ 40.8 ā $ 39.9 ā $ 5.8 ā $ 46.1 ā Construction and forestry ā 3.1 ā ā 3.0 ā ā ā ā ā 3.3 ā Total ā $ 43.9 ā $ 42.9 ā $ 5.8 ā $ 49.4 ā (continued) ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Unpaid ā ā Average ā ā ā Recorded ā Principal ā Specific ā Recorded ā ā ā Investment ā Balance ā Allowance ā Investment ā 2019 * ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Receivables with specific allowance: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Retail notes ā $ 4.9 ā $ 4.6 ā $ 1.9 ā $ 5.0 ā Wholesale receivables ā ā 5.3 ā ā 5.3 ā ā 2.9 ā ā 5.7 ā Total with specific allowance ā 10.2 ā 9.9 ā 4.8 ā 10.7 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Receivables without specific allowance: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Retail notes ā 22.9 ā ā 22.4 ā ā ā ā ā 25.0 ā Wholesale receivables ā ā 3.9 ā ā 3.9 ā ā ā ā ā 4.1 ā Total without specific allowance ā 26.8 ā 26.3 ā ā ā ā 29.1 ā Total ā $ 37.0 ā $ 36.2 ā $ 4.8 ā $ 39.8 ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā $ 30.3 ā $ 29.7 ā $ 4.6 ā $ 32.0 ā Construction and forestry ā 6.7 ā ā 6.5 ā ā .2 ā ā 7.8 ā Total ā $ 37.0 ā $ 36.2 ā $ 4.8 ā $ 39.8 ā * Finance income recognized was not material. A troubled debt restructuring is generally the modification of debt in which a creditor grants a concession it would not otherwise consider to a debtor that is experiencing financial difficulties. These modifications may include a reduction of the stated interest rate, an extension of the maturity dates, a reduction of the face amount or maturity amount of the debt, or a reduction of accrued interest. During 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company identified 468, 328, and 378 Receivable contracts, primarily retail notes, as troubled debt restructurings with aggregate balances of $19.0 million, $14.6 million, and $18.0 million pre-modification and $17.4 million, $13.7 million, and $17.3 million post-modification, respectively. The short-term relief related to COVID mentioned on page 44 did not meet the definition of a troubled debt restructuring. In 2020, 2019 and 2018, there were no significant troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted and were written off. At November 1, 2020, the Company had no commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose accounts were modified in troubled debt restructurings. Write-offs Total Receivable write-offs and recoveries, by product, and as a percentage of average balances held during the year, were as follows (in millions of dollars): ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā 2020 ā 2019 ā 2018 ā Dollars Percent Dollars Percent Dollars Percent Write-offs: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Retail notes: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā $ (13.7) (.08) % $ (8.0) (.05) % $ (6.4) (.04) % Construction and forestry ā (33.2) (.96) ā (20.7) (.67) ā (15.7) (.57) ā Total retail notes ā (46.9) (.24) ā (28.7) (.15) ā (22.1) (.13) ā Revolving charge accounts ā (51.6) (1.51) ā (56.9) (1.65) ā (54.1) (1.67) ā Wholesale receivables ā (.9) (.01) ā (.3) ā ā (1.1) (.01) ā Financing leases ā (2.2) (.31) ā (2.4) (.34) ā (3.9) (.55) ā Total write-offs ā (101.6) (.31) ā (88.3) (.27) ā (81.2) (.27) ā Recoveries: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Retail notes: ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā ā Agriculture and turf ā 4.2 .03 ā 6.0 .04 ā 4.7 .03 ā Construction and forestry ā 1.7 .05 ā 1.3 .04 ā 1.7 .06 ā Total retail notes ā 5.9 .03 ā 7.3 .04 ā 6.4 .04 ā Revolving charge accounts ā 29.5 .86 ā 25.3 .73 ā 20.0 .62 ā Wholesale receivables ā 1.3 .02 ā 4.1 .04 ā .2 ā ā Financing leases ā .5 .07 ā .3 .04 ā .8 .11 ā Total recoveries ā 37.2 .11 ā 37.0 .11 ā 27.4 .09 ā Total net write-offs ā $ (64.4) (.20) % $ (51.3) (.16) % $ (53.8) (.18) % ā |