Davey Tree Expert 10-K 10 Mar 25 2024 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover Page Document

Cover Page Document - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Mar. 07, 2025
Cover [Abstract]
Document type		10-K
Document annual report		true
Document period end date		Dec. 31, 2024
Document transition report		false
Entity file number		000-11917
Entity registrant name		THE DAVEY TREE EXPERT COMPANY
Entity well-known seasoned issuer		No
Entity voluntary filers		No
Entity current reporting status		Yes
Entity interactive data current		Yes
Entity filer category		Non-accelerated Filer
Entity emerging growth company		false
Entity small business		false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag		false
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]		false
Entity shell company		false
Entity common stock, shares outstanding			40,486,117
Entity public float	$ 872,953,263	$ 872,953,263
Entity central index key		0000277638
Current fiscal year end date		--12-31
Document fiscal year focus		2024
Document fiscal period focus		FY
Amendment flag		false
Entity incorporation, state or country code		OH
Entity tax identification number		34-0176110
Entity address, address description		1500 North Mantua Street
Entity address, address line one		P.O. Box 5193
Entity address, city or town		Kent
Entity address, state or province		OH
Entity address, postal zip code		44240
City area code		330
Local phone number		673-9511
Entity Listing, Par Value Per Share		$ 0.50
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false

Audit Information

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Name	Deloitte & Touche LLP
Auditor Location	Cleveland, Ohio
Auditor Firm ID	34

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash	$ 17,471	$ 11,070
Accounts receivable, net	397,077	360,470
Operating supplies	15,995	18,369
Prepaid expenses	39,517	44,534
Other current assets	68,893	72,237
Total current assets	538,953	506,680
Property and equipment, net	$ 400,661	$ 312,678
Finance Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net
Right-of-use assets - operating leases	$ 90,516	$ 110,248
Marketable securities and other investments	41,686	34,565
Loss Contingency, Receivable	209,351	200,000
Other assets	13,204	11,875
Intangible assets, net	18,301	20,214
Goodwill	94,879	84,800
Total assets	1,407,551	1,281,060
Property and equipment	912,584	812,703
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt, finance lease liabilities and short-term debt	73,724	45,766
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	35,828	39,043
Accounts payable	57,560	59,140
Accrued expenses	96,860	81,944
Self-insurance accruals	58,509	50,379
Total current liabilities	322,481	276,272
Long-term debt	218,833	148,261
Senior unsecured notes	119,822	134,916
Lease liabilities - finance leases	12,221	13,544
Lease liabilities - operating leases	55,565	71,134
Self-insurance accruals	86,092	84,053
Litigation accrual	209,351	200,000
Other liabilities	14,046	11,726
Total liabilities	1,038,411	939,906
Redeemable common shares related to 401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) 8,114 and 8,499 shares at redemption value as of December 31, 2024 and 2023	195,551	188,680
Common shareholders' equity:
Common shares, $.50 par value, per share; 96,000 shares authorized; 77,713 and 77,328 shares issued and outstanding before deducting treasury shares and which excludes 8,114 and 8,499 shares subject to redemption as of December 31, 2024 and 2023	38,857	39,308
Additional paid-in capital	225,846	197,962
Common shares subscribed, unissued	21,100	22,832
Retained earnings	375,525	330,436
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(6,773)	(4,785)
Stockholders' equity before treasury stock and common shares subscription receivable	654,555	585,753
Less: Cost of Common shares held in treasury; 45,353 shares in 2024 and 44,480 in 2023	468,132	416,616
Common shares subscription receivable	12,834	16,663
Total common shareholders' equity	173,589	152,474
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 1,407,551	$ 1,281,060
Redeemable stock, outstanding	8,114,134	8,499,086
Common stock, shares issued	77,713,386	77,328,434
Treasury stock, shares	45,352,738	44,480,126
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.50	$ 0.50
Common stock, shares authorized	96,000,000	96,000,000

Consolidated Statements of Oper

Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Revenues	$ 1,841,687	$ 1,693,481	$ 1,511,081
Costs and expenses:
Operating	1,188,557	1,089,605	976,316
Selling	322,801	305,624	271,882
General and administrative	151,361	132,571	116,036
Depreciation	64,562	53,571	51,969
Amortization of intangible assets	5,432	5,072	3,228
Gain on sale of assets, net	(5,710)	(7,169)	(8,586)
Costs and expenses	1,727,003	1,579,274	1,410,845
Income from operations	114,684	114,207	100,236
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(20,331)	(13,745)	(6,129)
Interest income	3,216	1,894	955
Other income (expense), net	(8,378)	(5,120)	(9,863)
Income before income taxes	89,191	97,236	85,199
Income taxes	24,395	25,096	23,909
Net income	$ 64,796	$ 72,140	$ 61,290
Earnings per share--basic
Earnings per share--basic	$ 1.53	$ 1.66	$ 1.38
Earnings per share--diluted	$ 1.47	$ 1.58	$ 1.31
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic	42,292,320	43,451,661	44,447,675
Diluted	44,133,647	45,537,698	46,737,371

Consolidated Statements of Comp

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Net income	$ 64,796	$ 72,140	$ 61,290
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments (losses) gains	(1,959)	589	(1,857)
OCI, Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Holding Gain (Loss), before Adjustment, after Tax	(82)	291	(199)
Defined benefit pension plans:
Net gain (loss) arising during the year	53	(77)	553
Amortization of defined benefit pension items:
Net actuarial loss	0	0	71
Prior service cost	0	0	17
Amortization of defined benefit pension items:	0	0	88
Defined benefit pension plan adjustments	53	(77)	641
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(1,988)	803	(1,415)
Comprehensive income	$ 62,808	$ 72,943	$ 59,875

Statements of Consolidated Shar

Statements of Consolidated Shareholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	3.99% Senior unsecured notes [Member]	4.00% Senior unsecured notes [Member]	Common shares	Additional paid-in capital	Common shares subscribed, unissued	Retained earnings	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	Treasury Stock, Common	Common shares subscription receivable
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent, Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 103,840			$ 38,379	$ 135,897	$ 0	$ 239,979	$ (4,173)	$ (306,242)	$ 0
Increase (decrease) in stockholders' equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	61,290						61,290
Change in 401KSOP and ESOP related shares	(48)			171	3,517		(3,736)
Shares sold to employees	30,235				16,357				13,878
Options exercised	2,644				(673)				3,317
Subscription shares	6,318				1,560	23,864			1,239	(20,345)
Stock-based compensation	$ 6,170				6,170
Dividends declared per share	$ 0.08
Dividends	$ (3,540)						(3,540)
Defined benefit pension plans	641
Net of tax amount	(1,415)							(1,415)
Shares purchased	(75,694)								(75,694)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent, Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	129,800			38,550	162,828	23,864	293,993	(5,588)	(363,502)	(20,345)
Balance at the end of the year at Dec. 31, 2022	$ (5,588)
Common shares, at end of year at Dec. 31, 2022	76,639,510
Balance at the beginning of the year at Dec. 31, 2021	$ (4,173)
Increase (decrease) in stockholders' equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	72,140						72,140
Change in 401KSOP and ESOP related shares	(18,692)			758	12,397		(31,847)
Shares sold to employees	38,664				18,252				20,412
Options exercised	2,232				(1,707)				3,939
Subscription shares	3,953				692	(1,032)			611	3,682
Stock-based compensation	$ 5,500				5,500
Dividends declared per share	$ 0.09
Dividends	$ (3,850)						(3,850)
Defined benefit pension plans	(77)
Net of tax amount	803							803
Shares purchased	(78,076)								(78,076)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent, Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	152,474			39,308	197,962	22,832	330,436	(4,785)	(416,616)	(16,663)
Balance at the end of the year at Dec. 31, 2023	$ (4,785)
Common shares, at end of year at Dec. 31, 2023	77,328,434
Common shares, at beginning of year at Dec. 31, 2022	76,639,510
Balance at the beginning of the year at Dec. 31, 2022	$ (5,588)
Increase (decrease) in stockholders' equity [Roll Forward]
Shares purchased, shares	3,972,974
Shares sold	(2,014,365)
Net income	$ 64,796						64,796
Change in 401KSOP and ESOP related shares	(6,871)			(451)	9,102		(15,522)
Shares sold to employees	31,289				16,514				14,775
Options exercised	9,324				210				9,114
Subscription shares	3,427				598	(1,732)			732	3,829
Stock-based compensation	$ 1,460				1,460
Dividends declared per share	$ 0.10
Dividends	$ (4,185)						(4,185)
Defined benefit pension plans	53
Net of tax amount	(1,988)							(1,988)
Shares purchased	(76,137)								(76,137)
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent, Ending Balance at Dec. 31, 2024	173,589			$ 38,857	$ 225,846	$ 21,100	$ 375,525	$ (6,773)	$ (468,132)	$ (12,834)
Balance at the end of the year at Dec. 31, 2024	$ (6,773)
Common shares, at end of year at Dec. 31, 2024	77,713,386
Common shares, at beginning of year at Dec. 31, 2023	77,328,434
Balance at the beginning of the year at Dec. 31, 2023	$ (4,785)
Increase (decrease) in stockholders' equity [Roll Forward]
Common shares, subscribed, value	$ (26,720)
Common shares, subscribed, shares	(1,476,250)
Shares purchased, shares	3,387,128
Shares sold	(1,514,094)
Senior unsecured notes, interest rate		3.99%	4%

Consolidated Statements of Cash

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Operating activities
Net income	$ 64,796	$ 72,140	$ 61,290
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities net of assets/liabilities acquired:
Depreciation	64,562	53,571	51,969
Amortization	5,432	5,072	3,228
Gain on sale of assets	(5,710)	(7,169)	(8,586)
Deferred income taxes	2,682	1,175	(2,070)
Other	9,502	2,790	5,593
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of assets acquired:
Accounts receivable	(36,591)	(38,086)	(33,714)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	12,431	7,720	4,812
Self-insurance accruals	10,173	284	8,185
Mitigation bank credit inventory	(930)	(17,664)	0
Other assets and liabilities, net	18,199	(8,383)	(12,809)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities	79,750	(690)	16,608
Net cash provided by operating activities	144,546	71,450	77,898
Capital expenditures:
Equipment	(93,949)	(65,286)	(68,802)
Land and buildings	(49,233)	(22,036)	(20,438)
Purchases of businesses, net of cash acquired and debt incurred	(18,587)	(21,497)	(21,826)
Proceeds from sales of property and equipment	8,995	12,231	10,557
Purchases of marketable securities	(41,152)	(47,199)	(46,833)
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities	24,283	43,912	15,826
Net cash used in investing activities	(169,643)	(99,875)	(131,516)
Financing activities
Revolving credit facility borrowings	745,264	788,165	662,531
Revolving credit facility payments	673,934	796,982	558,930
Proceeds from notes payable	121,527	164,107	71,152
Payments of notes payable	(117,885)	(93,327)	(78,903)
Payments of finance leases	(6,572)	(3,973)	(2,987)
Purchases of common shares for treasury	(76,136)	(78,076)	(75,694)
Sales of common shares from treasury	39,879	41,172	35,588
Cash received on common-share subscriptions	3,829	3,682	3,610
Dividends	(4,185)	(3,850)	(3,540)
Net cash provided by financing activities	31,787	20,918	52,827
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(289)	51	(143)
Increase (decrease) in cash	6,401	(7,456)	(934)
Cash, beginning of year		11,070	18,526	$ 19,460
Cash, end of year	$ 17,471	$ 11,070	$ 18,526

Our Business

Our Business	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Our Business	Our Business We provide a wide range of arboricultural, horticultural, environmental and consulting services to residential, utility, commercial and government entities throughout the United States and Canada. We have two reportable operating segments organized by type or class of customer: Residential and Commercial, and Utility. Residential and Commercial --Residential and Commercial provides services to our residential and commercial customers including: the treatment, preservation, maintenance, removal and planting of trees, shrubs and other plant life; the practice of landscaping, grounds maintenance, tree surgery, tree feeding and tree spraying; the application of fertilizer, herbicides and insecticides; and natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development, and environmental planning. Utility --Utility is principally engaged in providing services to our utility customers--investor-owned, municipal utilities, and rural electric cooperatives--including: the practice of line-clearing and vegetation management around power lines and rights-of-way and chemical brush control, natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development and environmental planning. We also maintain research, technical support and laboratory diagnostic facilities. When we refer to "we," "us," "our," "Davey Tree," and the "Company," we mean The Davey Tree Expert Company, unless the context indicates otherwise.

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation --The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Davey Tree and our wholly-owned subsidiaries and were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") as codified in the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Preparation --The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, accounts receivable valuation, depreciable lives of fixed assets, long-lived asset and goodwill valuation, self-insurance accruals, stock valuation and revenue recognition. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Our business continues to be impacted, in varying degrees, by a number of macro-economic factors, including fuel prices, higher interest rates and a highly competitive labor market, which have created an inflationary environment and cost pressures. The Company’s fiscal quarters each contain thirteen operating weeks, with the exception of the fourth quarter of a 53-week fiscal year, which contains fourteen operating weeks. Mitigation Banking Credit Inventory-- Our mitigation banking business creates and sells wetland, stream and other environmental credits and provides services to those engaged in permittee-responsible mitigation and environmental restoration. We record mitigation bank credit inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory costs are based on estimated total costs for each mitigation bank, which could change as we perform mitigation banking activities. Property and Equipment --Property and equipment are stated at cost. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes by the straight-line method for land improvements, building and leasehold improvements and by straight-line and declining-balance methods for equipment, based on the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows: Land improvements 5 to 20 years Buildings 5 to 30 years Equipment 3 to 20 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of lease term or estimated useful life; ranging from 5 to 20 years Intangible Assets --Intangible assets with finite lives, primarily customer lists, noncompete agreements and tradenames, are amortized by the straight-line method based on their estimated useful lives, ranging from one year to seven years. Long-Lived Assets --We assess potential impairment to our long-lived assets, other than goodwill, when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances have made recovery of the asset’s carrying value unlikely and the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated future undiscounted cash flow. In the event the assessment indicates that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable, an impairment loss would be recognized to reduce the asset’s carrying amount to its estimated fair value based on the present value of the estimated future cash flows. Goodwill --Goodwill is recorded when the cost of acquired businesses exceeds the fair value of the identified net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. Annually, we perform the impairment tests for goodwill during the fourth quarter. Our annual impairment assessment date has been designated as the first day of our fourth fiscal quarter. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting-unit level, which for us are also our reportable segments. Impairment of goodwill is tested by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying value, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit. The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using discounted projected cash flows. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is considered impaired and an impairment loss should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the carrying value of the goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. We conducted our annual impairment tests and determined that no impairment loss was required to be recognized in 2024 or for any prior periods. There were no events or circumstances from the date of our assessment through December 31, 2024 that would impact this conclusion. Self-Insurance Accruals --We are generally self-insured for losses and liabilities related primarily to workers’ compensation, vehicle liability and general liability claims. We use commercial insurance as a risk-reduction strategy to minimize catastrophic losses. Self-insurance accruals consist of the projected settlement value of reported and unreported claims. Ultimate losses are accrued based upon estimates of the aggregate liability for claims incurred using certain actuarial assumptions followed in the insurance industry and based on Company-specific experience. Our self-insurance accruals include claims for which the ultimate losses will develop over a period of years. Estimating ultimate losses of reported and unreported claims is subject to a high degree of variability as it involves complex estimates that are generally derived using a variety of actuarial estimation techniques and numerous assumptions and expectations about future events, many of which are highly uncertain. Accordingly, our estimates of ultimate losses can change as claims mature. Our accruals also are affected by changes in the number of new claims incurred and claim severity. The methods for estimating the ultimate losses and the total cost of claims were determined by third-party consulting actuaries; the resulting accruals are reviewed by management, and any adjustments arising from changes in estimates are reflected in income. Our self-insurance accruals are based on estimates and, while we believe that the amounts accrued are adequate and not excessive, the ultimate claims may be in excess of or less than the amounts provided. Changes in claims incurred, claim severity, or other estimates and judgments used by management could have a material impact on the amount and timing of expense for any period. Stock-Based Compensation - -Stock-based compensation cost for all share-based payment plans is measured at fair value on the date of grant and recognized over the employee service period on the straight-line recognition method for awards expected to vest. The fair value of all stock-based payment plans—stock option plans, stock-settled stock appreciation rights, and performance-based restricted stock units as well as our Employee Stock Purchase Plan—is determined by the number of awards granted and the price of our common stock. The fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using a binomial option-pricing model. The binomial model considers a range of assumptions related to volatility, risk-free interest rate and employee exercise behavior. Expected volatilities utilized in the binomial model are based on historical volatility of our share prices and other factors. Similarly, the dividend yield is based on historical experience and expected future changes. The binomial model also incorporates exercise assumptions based on an analysis of historical data. The expected life of the stock-based awards is derived from the output of the binomial model and represents the period of time that awards granted are expected to be outstanding. Income Taxes --We compute taxes on income in accordance with the tax rules and regulations where the income is earned. The income tax rates imposed by these taxing authorities vary. Taxable income may differ from pretax income for financial reporting purposes. We compute and recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of our assets and liabilities. Changes in tax rates and laws are reflected in income in the period when such changes are enacted. We account for uncertain tax positions by recognizing the financial statement effects of a tax position only when, based upon the technical merits, it is more-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained upon examination. Earnings Per Share --Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing the income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed similarly to basic earnings per share except that the weighted-average number of shares is increased to include the effect of stock awards that were granted and outstanding during the period. Revenue Recognition --We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. See Note S for a detailed description of our revenue recognition policy. Concentration of Credit Risk --Credit risk represents the accounting loss that would be recognized if the counterparties failed to perform as contracted. The principal financial instruments subject to credit risk are as follows: Cash --To limit our exposure, we transact our business and maintain banking relationships with high credit-quality financial institutions. Accounts Receivable --Our residential and commercial customers are located geographically throughout the United States and Canada and, as to commercial customers, within differing industries; thus, minimizing credit risk. The credit exposure of utility services customers is directly affected by conditions within the utility industries as well as the financial condition of individual customers. One utility customer approximated 9% of revenues during 2024, 10% in 2023 and 11% in 2022. To reduce credit risk, we evaluate the credit of customers, but generally do not require advance payments or collateral. Exposure to losses on receivables is principally dependent on each customer’s financial condition. Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions --Assets and liabilities of our Canadian operations are translated into U.S. dollars using year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated using exchange rates as determined throughout the year. Gains or losses resulting from translation are included in the consolidated balance sheet, classified in shareholders’ equity as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Gains or losses resulting from Canadian-dollar transactions with the Canadian operations are converted to U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. The effect of the transactions gain or loss is classified in the statement of operations as a component of other non-operating income (expense), net. Comprehensive Income (Loss) --Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income and other comprehensive income or loss. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that under U.S. GAAP are included in comprehensive income but are excluded from net income as these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment to shareholders’ equity, net of tax.

Recent Accounting Guidance

Recent Accounting Guidance	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]
Recent Accounting Guidance	Recent Accounting Guidance Accounting Standards Adopted in 2024 Accounting Standards Update 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures-- In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The new standard provides improvements to reportable segment disclosure requirements through amendments that require disclosure of significant segment expenses and other segment items on an interim and annual basis and requires all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets to be made on an interim basis. The standard also requires the disclosure of the chief operating decision maker’s (“CODM”) title and position and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The standard also clarifies that if the CODM uses more than one measure in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, a company may report the additional segment profit or loss measure(s) and that companies with a single reportable segment must provide all disclosures required by this amendment. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The standard should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. During the fourth quarter of 2024, we adopted ASU 2023-07 and enhanced our segment disclosures in line with the new guidance. The adoption had no effect on our consolidated financial statements. Accounting Standards not yet Adopted Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures-- In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new standard was issued to improve transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures by providing information that helps investors better understand how an entity’s operations, tax risks, tax planning and operational opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. The amendments in this update primarily relate to requiring greater disaggregated disclosure of information in the rate reconciliation, income taxes paid, income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (benefit), and income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The standard can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements. Accounting Standards Update 2024-03, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses-- In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The new standard requires entities to disclose additional information about certain expenses, such as purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization, as well as selling expenses included in commonly presented expense captions on the income statement. The FASB further clarified the effective date in January 2025 with the issuance of ASU 2025-01, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Companies have the option to apply this guidance either on a retrospective or prospective basis, and early adoption is permitted. The company is currently evaluating this guidance to determine the impact it may have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Business Combinations [Abstract]
Business Combinations [Text Block]	Business Combinations Our investments in businesses were: (a) $28,116 in 2024, including liabilities assumed of $2,900 and debt issued of $6,351; (b) $34,077 in 2023, including liabilities assumed of $5,285 and debt issued of $7,046; and (c) $46,229 in 2022, including $15,592 of liabilities assumed and debt issued of $7,445. The net assets of the businesses acquired are accounted for under the acquisition method and were recorded at their fair values at the dates of acquisition. The measurement period for purchase price allocations ends as soon as information of the facts and circumstances becomes available, but does not exceed one year from the acquisition date. The purchase price allocations may be revised as we finalize the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company’s intangible assets consist of tradenames, non-competition agreements and customer relationships. The tradenames and customer relationship intangible assets were assigned an average useful life of seven years, and the non-competition agreements were assigned an average useful life of five years. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired was recorded as an increase in goodwill of approximately $10,893 in 2024 ($10,892 of which is deductible for tax purposes), $14,758 in 2023 ($14,758 of which is deductible for tax purposes) and $14,255 in 2022 ($14,255 of which is deductible for tax purposes). The results of operations of acquired businesses have been included in the consolidated statements of operations beginning as of the effective dates of acquisition. The effect of these acquisitions on our consolidated revenues and results of operations, either individually or in the aggregate, for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was not significant.

Accounts Receivable, Net and Su

Accounts Receivable, Net and Supplemental Balance Sheet Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounts Receivable, Net and Supplemental Balance Sheet Information [Abstract]
Accounts Receivable, Net and Supplemental Balance Sheet Information	Accounts Receivable, Net and Supplemental Balance Sheet Information Accounts receivable, net, consisted of the following: December 31, Accounts receivable, net 2024 2023 Accounts receivable $ 286,796 $ 263,426 Unbilled receivables (a) 116,491 99,485 403,287 362,911 Less allowances for credit losses 6,210 2,441 Total $ 397,077 $ 360,470 (a) Unbilled receivables consist of work-in-process in accordance with the terms of contracts, primarily with utility services customers. The following items comprised the amounts included in the balance sheets: December 31, Other current assets 2024 2023 Refundable income taxes $ 91 $ — Mitigation bank credit inventory 29,315 28,385 Assets invested for self-insurance 29,212 20,959 Payroll taxes refundable 10,131 22,591 Other 144 302 Total $ 68,893 $ 72,237 December 31, Property and equipment, net 2024 2023 Land and land improvements $ 30,041 $ 28,177 Buildings and leasehold improvements 141,445 99,964 Equipment 741,098 684,562 912,584 812,703 Less accumulated depreciation 511,923 500,025 Total $ 400,661 $ 312,678 Interest incurred on funds used to construct company-owned buildings and equipment is capitalized and amortized over the estimated useful life of the related assets. Capitalized interest totaled $4,307 and $4,961 in 2024 and 2023, respectively. December 31, Other assets, noncurrent 2024 2023 Investment--cost-method affiliate $ 1,406 $ 1,405 Deferred income taxes 3,780 6,001 Cloud computing arrangements 191 107 Other 7,827 4,362 Total $ 13,204 $ 11,875 December 31, Accrued expenses 2024 2023 Employee compensation $ 46,197 $ 40,656 Accrued compensated absences 16,175 14,483 Self-insured medical claims 2,359 2,309 Customer advances, deposits 1,449 1,275 Income taxes payable 3,948 1,135 Taxes, other than income 10,497 6,017 Other 16,235 16,069 Total $ 96,860 $ 81,944 December 31, Other liabilities, noncurrent 2024 2023 Pension and retirement plans $ 6,060 $ 5,630 Other 7,986 6,096 Total $ 14,046 $ 11,726

Supplemental Cash Flow Informat

Supplemental Cash Flow Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Supplemental Cash Flow Information	Supplemental Cash Flow Information Supplemental cash flow information follows: Year Ended December 31, Supplemental cash flow information 2024 2023 2022 Interest paid $ 23,928 $ 18,200 $ 5,855 Income taxes paid, net 17,657 29,677 18,367 Noncash transactions: Debt issued for purchases of businesses $ 6,351 $ 7,046 $ 7,445 Detail of acquisitions: Assets acquired: Cash $ 278 $ 249 $ 1,365 Accounts receivable 1,458 211 10,794 Mitigation bank credit inventory — — 6,351 Operating supplies 735 1,538 48 Prepaid expense — 141 126 Equipment 9,867 7,220 2,309 Other assets 1,322 2,658 412 Intangible assets 3,563 7,302 10,569 Goodwill 10,893 14,758 14,255 Liabilities assumed (2,900) (5,285) (15,592) Debt issued for purchases of businesses (6,351) (7,046) (7,445) Cash paid $ 18,865 $ 21,746 $ 23,192

Investments, Debt and Equity Se

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Investments in Debt and Marketable Equity Securities (and Certain Trading Assets) Disclosure	Marketable Securities The following table summarizes available-for-sale debt securities by asset type: Available-For-Sale Debt Securities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Net Carrying Amount) December 31, 2024 Fixed maturity: United States Government and agency securities $ 45,701 $ 565 $ (86) $ 46,180 Corporate notes and bonds — — — — Total available-for-sale debt securities $ 45,701 $ 565 $ (86) $ 46,180 December 31, 2023 Fixed maturity: United States Government and agency securities $ 36,409 $ 411 $ (18) $ 36,802 Corporate notes and bonds 260 — — 260 Total available-for-sale debt securities $ 36,669 $ 411 $ (18) $ 37,062 Marketable securities are composed of available-for-sale debt securities and marketable equity securities and all marketable securities are held at fair value. We carry a portion of our marketable securities portfolio in long-term assets since they are generally held for the settlement of our insurance claims processed through our wholly owned captive insurance subsidiary. Available-for-sale debt securities are included in other current assets and marketable securities and other investments totaling $46,180 and $37,062 at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Realized gains and losses on sales of available-for-sale debt securities are recognized in net income on the specific identification basis. Changes in the fair values of available-for-sale debt securities that are determined to be holding gains or losses are recorded through accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) net of applicable taxes, within shareholders' equity. In assessing whether a credit loss exists, we evaluate our ability to hold the investment, the strength of the underlying collateral and the extent to which the investment's amortized cost or cost, as appropriate, exceeds its related fair value. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 we held approximately $21,218 and $12,102 in marketable equity securities, respectively. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on marketable equity securities are included in other income (expense) in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The net carrying values of available-for-sale debt securities at December 31, 2024 by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties. Amortized Cost Fair Value Due: Less than one year $ 26,133 $ 26,463 One year through five years 19,568 19,717 Six years through ten years — — After ten years — — Total $ 45,701 $ 46,180

Identified Intangible Assets an

Identified Intangible Assets and Goodwill, Net	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Identified Intangible Assets and Goodwill, Net [Text Block]	Intangible Assets and Goodwill, Net The carrying amounts of the identified intangible assets and goodwill acquired in connection with our acquisitions were as follows: Weighted-Average December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Accumulated Carrying Accumulated Amortized intangible assets: Customer lists/relationships 3.2 years $ 43,713 $ 32,452 $ 41,679 $ 29,252 Employment-related 2.4 years 13,880 11,127 13,007 9,957 Tradenames 3.4 years 13,465 9,178 12,860 8,123 Amortized intangible assets 71,058 $ 52,757 67,546 $ 47,332 Less accumulated amortization 52,757 47,332 Intangible assets, net $ 18,301 $ 20,214 Goodwill $ 94,879 $ 84,800 The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill, by segment, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows: Balance at January 1, 2024 Acquisitions Translation Balance at December 31, 2024 Utility $ 4,941 $ — $ — $ 4,941 Residential and Commercial 79,859 10,893 (814) 89,938 Total $ 84,800 $ 10,893 $ (814) $ 94,879 Balance at January 1, 2023 Acquisitions Translation Balance at December 31, 2023 Utility $ 4,941 $ — $ — $ 4,941 Residential and Commercial 65,166 14,758 (65) 79,859 Total $ 70,107 $ 14,758 $ (65) $ 84,800 Future aggregate amortization expense of intangible assets -- The aggregate amortization expense of intangible assets, as of December 31, 2024, in each of the next five years was as follows: Future Amortization Expense Year ending December 31, 2025 $ 4,890 2026 4,062 2027 3,479 2028 2,683 2029 2,160 Thereafter 1,027 $ 18,301

Short and Long-Term Debt and Co

Short and Long-Term Debt and Commitments Related to Letters of Credit	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Short and Long-Term Debt and Commitments Related to Letters of Credit [Text Block]	Short and Long-Term Debt and Commitments Related to Letters of Credit Short-term debt consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Notes payable $ 276 $ 543 Current portion of long-term debt 67,991 40,429 Current portion of finance leases 5,457 4,794 $ 73,724 $ 45,766 We have short-term lines of credit with several banks totaling $11,041. At December 31, 2024, we had $10,443 available under the lines of credit with borrowings outstanding of $276 and $322 committed through issued letters of credit. Borrowings outstanding generally bear interest at the banks' prime rate or the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus a margin adjustment of 1.86%. Long-term debt consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Revolving credit facility Swing-line borrowings $ 13,873 $ 6,616 SOFR borrowings 200,000 135,000 213,873 141,616 3.99% Senior unsecured notes 40,000 50,000 4.00% Senior unsecured notes 20,000 25,000 6.19% Senior unsecured notes 75,000 75,000 Term loans 59,063 32,442 407,936 324,058 Less debt issuance costs 1,290 452 Less current portion 67,991 40,429 $ 338,655 $ 283,177 Revolving Credit Facility -- In July 2024, the Company amended and restated its revolving credit facility with its existing bank group. The amended and restated credit agreement, which expires in July 2029, permits borrowings, as defined, of up to $400,000, including a combined term loan and letter of credit sublimit of $150,000 and a swing-line commitment of $50,000. Under certain circumstances, the Company may increase the revolving credit commitments and/or establish new incremental term loan commitments in an aggregate amount of up to $150,000. The revolving credit facility contains certain affirmative and negative covenants customary for this type of facility and includes financial covenant ratios with respect to a maximum leverage ratio (not to exceed 3.25 to 1.00 with exceptions in case of material acquisitions) and a minimum interest coverage ratio (not less than 3.00 to 1.00), in each case subject to certain further restrictions as described in the credit agreement. The revolving credit facility allows for an adjustment to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of up to $55,000 for four quarters in the event certain legal claims are settled. As of December 31, 2024, we had unused commitments under the revolving credit facility approximating $183,503 and $216,497 committed, which consisted of borrowings of $213,873 and issued letters of credit of $2,624. Borrowings outstanding bear interest, at the Company's option, of either (a) the base rate or (b) SOFR plus a margin adjustment ranging from .875% to 1.50%--with the margin adjustments based on the Company's leverage ratio at the time of borrowing. As of December 31, 2024, the base rate was the greater of (i) the agent bank’s prime rate, (ii) Adjusted Term SOFR plus 1.50%, or (iii) the federal funds rate plus .50%. A commitment fee ranging from .10% to .225% is also required based on the average daily unborrowed commitment. 3.99% Senior Unsecured Notes-- On September 21, 2018, we issued 3.99% Senior Notes, Series A (the "3.99% Senior Notes"), in the aggregate principal amount of $50,000. The 3.99% Senior Notes are due September 21, 2028. The 3.99% Senior Notes were issued pursuant to a Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement (the "Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement") between the Company, PGIM, Inc. and the purchasers of the 3.99% Senior Notes, which was amended in August 2024. Among other things, the amendment increased the total facility limit to $250,000 and extended the issuance period for subsequent series of promissory notes to be issued and sold pursuant to the Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement to August 2027. The amendment also amended certain provisions and covenants to generally conform them to the corresponding provisions and covenants in the amended and restated revolving credit agreement. In addition, the amendment and restatement of the revolving credit agreement in August 2024 provided that the Company is permitted to incur indebtedness arising under the Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $250,000. As the Company has previously issued notes in an aggregate amount of $135,000 under the Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement, as of December 31, 2024, it has the capacity to issue subsequent series of promissory notes pursuant to the Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement n the amount of $115,000. The 3.99% Senior Notes are equal in right of payment with our revolving credit facility and all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company. Interest is payable semiannually and five equal, annual principal payments of $10,000 commenced on September 21, 2024 (the sixth anniversary of issuance). The Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement contains customary events of default and covenants related to limitations on indebtedness and transactions with affiliates and the maintenance of certain financial ratios. The Company may prepay at any time all, or from time to time any part of, the outstanding principal amount of the 3.99% Senior Notes, subject to the payment of a make-whole amount. 4.00% Senior Unsecured Notes-- On February 5, 2019, we issued 4.00% Senior Notes, Series B (the "4.00% Senior Notes") pursuant to the Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement in the aggregate principal amount of $25,000. The 4.00% Senior Notes are due September 21, 2028. The 4.00% Senior Notes are equal in right of payment with our revolving credit facility and all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company. Interest is payable semiannually and five equal, annual principal payments commenced on September 21, 2024. 6.19% Senior Unsecured Notes-- On November 28, 2023, we issued 6.19% Senior Notes, Series C (the "6.19% Senior Notes") pursuant to the Note Purchase and Shelf Agreement in the aggregate principal amount of $75,000. The 6.19% Senior Notes are due November 28, 2028. The 6.19% Senior Notes are equal in right of payment with our revolving credit facility and all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company. Interest is payable quarterly and three annual principal payments commence on November 28, 2026. The net proceeds of all senior notes were used to pay down borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Term loans --Periodically, the Company will enter into term loans for the procurement of insurance or to finance acquisitions. Term Loans, Weighted-Average Interest Rate --The weighted-average interest rate on the term loans approximated 5.80% at December 31, 2024 and 5.19% at December 31, 2023. Aggregate Maturities of Long-Term Debt --Aggregate maturities of long-term debt for the five years subsequent to December 31, 2024 were as follows: Amount Year ending December 31, 2025 $ 67,991 2026 34,127 2027 46,945 2028 45,000 2029 213,873 $ 407,936 Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility --In July 2024, the Company amended its Accounts Receivable Securitization Facility (as amended, the “AR Securitization program”) to extend the scheduled termination date for an additional one year period, to July 20, 2025. In addition to extending the termination date for another year, the amendment increased the limit of the AR Securitization program to $125,000 and provided that the lender may issue loans, in addition to letters of credit, under the AR Securitization program. The AR Securitization program has a limit of $125,000, of which $97,104 and $89,689 were issued for letters of credit (“LCs”) as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively and loans were issued in the amount of $25,000 at December 31, 2024. Under the AR Securitization program, Davey Tree transfers by selling or contributing current and future trade receivables to a wholly-owned, bankruptcy-remote financing subsidiary which pledges a perfected first priority security interest in the trade receivables--equal to the issued LCs as of December 31, 2024--to the bank in exchange for the bank issuing LCs. Fees payable to the bank include: (a) an LC issuance fee, payable on each settlement date, in the amount of .90% per annum on the aggregate amount of all LCs outstanding plus outstanding reimbursement obligations (e.g., arising from drawn LCs), if any, and (b) an unused LC fee, payable monthly, equal to (i) .35% per annum for each day on which the sum of the total LCs outstanding plus any outstanding reimbursement obligation is greater than or equal to 50% of the facility limit and (ii) .45% per annum for each day on which the sum of the total LCs outstanding plus any outstanding reimbursement obligation is less than 50% of the facility limit. If an LC is drawn and the bank is not immediately reimbursed in full for the drawn amount, any outstanding reimbursement obligation will accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to the term SOFR, plus .10% or, in certain circumstances, a base rate equal to the greatest of (i) the bank’s prime rate, (ii) the federal funds rate plus .50% and (iii) 1.00% above the Daily one month SOFR plus .10% and, following any default, 2.00% plus the greater of (a) the term SOFR plus .10% and (b) a base rate equal to the greatest of (i), (ii) and (iii) above. The agreements underlying the AR Securitization program contain various customary representations and warranties, covenants, and default provisions which provide for the termination and acceleration of the commitments under the AR Securitization program in circumstances including, but not limited to, failure to make payments when due, breach of a representation, warranty or covenant, certain insolvency events or failure to maintain the security interest in the trade receivables, and defaults under other material indebtedness. Total Commitments Related to Issued Letters of Credit --As of December 31, 2024, total commitments related to issued LCs were $100,050, of which $2,624 were issued under the revolving credit facility, $97,104 were issued under the AR Securitization program and $322 were issued under short-term lines of credit. As of December 31, 2023, total commitments related to issued letters of credit were $94,702, of which $2,624 were issued under the revolving credit facility, $89,689 were issued under the AR Securitization program and $2,389 were issued under short-term lines of credit. As of December 31, 2024, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.

Self-Insurance Accruals

Self-Insurance Accruals	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Self-Insurance Accruals [Abstract]
Self-Insurance Accruals [Text Block]	Self-Insurance Accruals Components of our self-insurance accruals for workers’ compensation, vehicle liability and general liability were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Workers' compensation $ 59,564 $ 58,434 Vehicle liability 47,195 26,712 General liability 37,842 49,286 Total 144,601 134,432 Less current portion 58,509 50,379 Noncurrent portion $ 86,092 $ 84,053 The changes in our self-insurance accruals are summarized in the table below. December 31, 2024 2023 Balance, beginning of year $ 134,432 134,147 Provision for claims 66,250 58,082 Payment of claims (56,081) (57,797) Balance, end of year $ 144,601 $ 134,432

Leases

Leases	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	Leases We lease certain office and parking facilities, warehouse space, equipment, vehicles and information technology equipment under operating leases and finance leases. Lease expense for these leases is recognized within the Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term, with variable lease payments recognized in the period those payments are incurred. The following table summarizes the amounts recognized in our Consolidated Balance Sheet related to leases: Consolidated Balance Sheet Classification December 31, December 31, Assets Operating lease assets Right-of-use assets - operating leases $ 90,516 $ 110,248 Finance lease assets Property and equipment, net 17,567 18,613 Total lease assets $ 108,083 $ 128,861 Liabilities Current operating lease liabilities Current portion of operating lease liabilities $ 35,828 $ 39,043 Non-current operating lease liabilities Lease liabilities - operating leases 55,565 71,134 Total operating lease liabilities 91,393 110,177 Current portion of finance lease liabilities Current portion of long-term debt, finance lease liabilities and short-term debt 5,457 4,794 Non-current finance lease liabilities Lease liabilities - finance leases 12,221 13,544 Total finance lease liabilities 17,678 18,338 Total lease liabilities $ 109,071 $ 128,515 The components of lease cost recognized within our Consolidated Statement of Operations were as follows: Year Ended Consolidated Statement December 31, December 31, Operating lease cost Operating expense $ 32,567 $ 31,945 Operating lease cost Selling expense 10,666 12,942 Operating lease cost General and administrative expense 1,078 1,159 Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets Depreciation 6,044 4,113 Interest expense on lease liabilities Interest expense 822 490 Other lease cost (a) Operating expense 9,019 7,957 Other lease cost (a) Selling expense 1,605 1,808 Other lease cost (a) General and administrative expense 57 45 Total lease cost $ 61,858 $ 60,459 (a) Other lease cost includes short-term lease costs and variable lease costs. We often have options to renew lease terms for buildings and other assets. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at our sole discretion. In addition, certain lease agreements may be terminated prior to their original expiration date at our discretion. We evaluate each renewal and termination option at the lease commencement date to determine if we are reasonably certain to exercise the option on the basis of economic factors. The weighted average remaining lease terms as of December 31, 2024 was 3.4 years for operating leases and 3.9 years for finance leases. The discount rate implicit within our leases is generally not determinable and therefore the Company determines the discount rate based on its incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate for each lease is determined based on its term and the currency in which lease payments are made, adjusted for the impacts of collateral.The weighted average discount rates used to measure our lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024 were 4.29% for operating leases and 4.65% for finance leases. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases Year Ended December 31, December 31, Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ (46,611) $ (45,184) Operating cash flows from finance leases (822) (485) Financing cash flows from finance leases (6,572) (3,973) Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases 26,621 47,331 Finance leases 6,140 9,598 Maturity Analysis of Lease Liabilities As of December 31, 2024 Operating Finance Year ending December 31, 2025 $ 38,920 $ 6,109 2026 27,110 5,337 2027 16,055 3,309 2028 8,143 2,296 2029 3,739 1,287 Thereafter 4,030 935 Total lease payments 97,997 19,273 Less interest 6,604 1,596 Total $ 91,393 $ 17,678
Leases	Leases We lease certain office and parking facilities, warehouse space, equipment, vehicles and information technology equipment under operating leases and finance leases. Lease expense for these leases is recognized within the Consolidated Statements of Operations on a straight-line basis over the lease term, with variable lease payments recognized in the period those payments are incurred. The following table summarizes the amounts recognized in our Consolidated Balance Sheet related to leases: Consolidated Balance Sheet Classification December 31, December 31, Assets Operating lease assets Right-of-use assets - operating leases $ 90,516 $ 110,248 Finance lease assets Property and equipment, net 17,567 18,613 Total lease assets $ 108,083 $ 128,861 Liabilities Current operating lease liabilities Current portion of operating lease liabilities $ 35,828 $ 39,043 Non-current operating lease liabilities Lease liabilities - operating leases 55,565 71,134 Total operating lease liabilities 91,393 110,177 Current portion of finance lease liabilities Current portion of long-term debt, finance lease liabilities and short-term debt 5,457 4,794 Non-current finance lease liabilities Lease liabilities - finance leases 12,221 13,544 Total finance lease liabilities 17,678 18,338 Total lease liabilities $ 109,071 $ 128,515 The components of lease cost recognized within our Consolidated Statement of Operations were as follows: Year Ended Consolidated Statement December 31, December 31, Operating lease cost Operating expense $ 32,567 $ 31,945 Operating lease cost Selling expense 10,666 12,942 Operating lease cost General and administrative expense 1,078 1,159 Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets Depreciation 6,044 4,113 Interest expense on lease liabilities Interest expense 822 490 Other lease cost (a) Operating expense 9,019 7,957 Other lease cost (a) Selling expense 1,605 1,808 Other lease cost (a) General and administrative expense 57 45 Total lease cost $ 61,858 $ 60,459 (a) Other lease cost includes short-term lease costs and variable lease costs. We often have options to renew lease terms for buildings and other assets. The exercise of lease renewal options is generally at our sole discretion. In addition, certain lease agreements may be terminated prior to their original expiration date at our discretion. We evaluate each renewal and termination option at the lease commencement date to determine if we are reasonably certain to exercise the option on the basis of economic factors. The weighted average remaining lease terms as of December 31, 2024 was 3.4 years for operating leases and 3.9 years for finance leases. The discount rate implicit within our leases is generally not determinable and therefore the Company determines the discount rate based on its incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate for each lease is determined based on its term and the currency in which lease payments are made, adjusted for the impacts of collateral.The weighted average discount rates used to measure our lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024 were 4.29% for operating leases and 4.65% for finance leases. Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases Year Ended December 31, December 31, Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ (46,611) $ (45,184) Operating cash flows from finance leases (822) (485) Financing cash flows from finance leases (6,572) (3,973) Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases 26,621 47,331 Finance leases 6,140 9,598 Maturity Analysis of Lease Liabilities As of December 31, 2024 Operating Finance Year ending December 31, 2025 $ 38,920 $ 6,109 2026 27,110 5,337 2027 16,055 3,309 2028 8,143 2,296 2029 3,739 1,287 Thereafter 4,030 935 Total lease payments 97,997 19,273 Less interest 6,604 1,596 Total $ 91,393 $ 17,678

Common Shares, Redeemable Commo

Common Shares, Redeemable Common Shares and Preferred Shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Common Shares, Redeemable Common Shares and Preferred Shares [Text Block]	Common Shares, Redeemable Common Shares and Preferred Shares Preferred Shares --We have authorized a class of 4,000,000 preferred shares, no par value, of which none were issued as of December 31, 2024. Redeemable Common Shares - Our Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan includes a put option for shares of the Company’s common stock distributed from the plan. Due to the Company’s obligation under the put option, shares held in the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan as well as distributed shares subject to the put option are reclassified from permanent equity to temporary equity. The number of redeemable common shares for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 was as follows: 2024--8,114,134; 2023--8,499,086; and 2022--9,188,010. Common Shares --The number of common shares authorized is 96,000,000, par value $.50. The number of common shares issued during each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 was as follows: 2024--77,713,386; 2023--77,328,434; and 2022--76,639,510. The number of shares in the treasury for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024 was as follows: 2024--45,352,738; 2023--44,480,126; and 2022--43,110,036. Our common and redeemable common shares are not listed or traded on an established public trading market, and market prices are, therefore, not available. Semiannually, an independent stock valuation firm assists with the appraisal of the fair market value of our common and redeemable common shares based upon our performance and financial condition. Since 1979, we have provided a ready market for all shareholders through our direct purchase of their common shares, although we are under no obligation to do so (other than repurchases pursuant to the put option under the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan, as described in Note N). During 2024, purchases of common shares, both redeemable and common, totaled 3,387,128 shares for $76,137 in cash; we also had direct sales to directors and employees of 131,435 shares for $2,801, excluding those shares issued through either the exercise of options or the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. We also sold 260,347 shares to our 401(k) plan for $5,758 and issued 502,459 shares to participant accounts to satisfy our liability for the 2023 and 2024 employer match in the amount of $11,300. The liability accrued at December 31, 2024 for the 2024 employer match was $2,855. There were also 619,853 shares purchased during 2024 under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. We also engaged in a subscription offering during 2022 which is described further below. Common and Redeemable Shares Outstanding -- The table below reconciles the activity of the common and redeemable shares outstanding: Common Shares Redeemable Total Shares outstanding, December 31, 2022 33,529,474 9,188,010 42,717,484 Shares purchased (2,560,912) (1,412,062) (3,972,974) Shares sold 1,291,227 723,138 2,014,365 Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases 13,662 — 13,662 Options exercised 574,857 — 574,857 Shares outstanding, December 31, 2023 32,848,308 8,499,086 41,347,394 Shares purchased (2,316,533) (1,070,595) (3,387,128) Shares sold 828,451 685,643 1,514,094 Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases 47,037 — 47,037 Options exercised 953,385 — 953,385 Shares outstanding, December 31, 2024 32,360,648 8,114,134 40,474,782 On December 31, 2024, we had 40,474,782 common shares outstanding and employee options exercisable to purchase 1,208,839 common shares, and partially-paid subscriptions for 1,165,550 common shares and purchase rights outstanding for 404,430 common shares. Stock Subscription Offering --Beginning April 2022, the Company offered to eligible employees and nonemployee directors the right to subscribe to a maximum of 2,666,667 common shares of the Company (including shares that may be issued upon the exercise of stock rights) at $18.10 per share in accordance with the provisions of The Davey Tree Expert Company 2014 Omnibus Stock Plan and the rules of the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors. The offering period ended on August 1, 2022 and resulted in the subscription of 1,476,250 common shares for $26,720 at $18.10 per share. A participant in the subscription offering who purchased common shares for an aggregate purchase price of less than $5 was required to pay with cash. All participants (excluding Company directors and officers) who purchased common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $5 or more had an option to finance their purchase through a down-payment of at least 10% of the total purchase price and a promissory note with a term of seven years for the balance due with interest at 3.15%. Payments on the promissory can be made either by payroll deductions or annual lump-sum payments of both principal and interest. Common shares purchased in the offering were pledged as security for the payment of the promissory note and the common shares will not be issued until the promissory note is paid-in-full. Dividends will be paid on all subscribed shares, subject to forfeiture to the extent that payment is not ultimately made for the shares. All participants in the offering who purchased in excess of $5 of common shares were granted a "right" to purchase one additional common share at a price of $18.10 per share for every three common shares purchased in the offering. As a result of the stock subscription, rights to purchase 489,169 common shares were granted. Each right may be exercised at the rate of one-seventh per year and will expire seven years after the date that the right was granted. A purchaser may not exercise a right once he or she ceases to be the Company's employee or non-employee director, as applicable.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income and other adjustments that relate to foreign currency translation adjustments and defined benefit pension plan adjustments. We do not provide income taxes on currency translation adjustments, as the earnings of our Canadian operations are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. The following summarizes the components of other comprehensive income (loss) accumulated in shareholders’ equity: Foreign Available for Sale Securities Defined Accumulated Balance at January 1, 2022 $ (3,654) $ — $ (519) $ (4,173) Foreign currency translation adjustments (1,857) — — (1,857) Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities — (245) — (245) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — (8) 119 111 Tax effect — 54 (31) 23 Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans — — 705 705 Tax effect — — (152) (152) Net of tax amount (1,857) (199) 641 (1,415) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ (5,511) $ (199) $ 122 $ (5,588) Foreign currency translation adjustments 589 — — 589 Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities — 95 — 95 Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — 272 — 272 Tax effect — (76) — (76) Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans — — (103) (103) Tax effect — — 26 26 Net of tax amount 589 291 (77) 803 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ (4,922) $ 92 $ 45 $ (4,785) Foreign currency translation adjustments (1,959) — — (1,959) Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities — (56) — (56) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — (48) 73 25 Tax effect — 22 (20) 2 Net of tax amount (1,959) (82) 53 (1,988) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ (6,881) $ 10 $ 98 $ (6,773) The amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to defined benefit pension plans for 2023 and 2022 are included in net periodic pension expense classified in the statement of operations as general and administrative expense or other income (expense).

The Davey 401KSOP and Employee

The Davey 401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
The Davey 401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan [Text Block]	The Davey 401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan On March 15, 1979, we consummated a plan, which transferred control of the Company to our employees. As a part of this plan, we initially sold 120,000 common shares (presently, 46,080,000 common shares adjusted for stock splits) to our Employee Stock Ownership Trust ("ESOT") for $2,700. The Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP"), in conjunction with the related ESOT, provided for the grant to certain employees of certain ownership rights in, but not possession of, the common shares held by the trustee of the ESOT. Annual allocations of shares have been made to individual accounts established for the benefit of the participants. Defined Contribution and Savings Plans-- Most employees are eligible to participate in The Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan. Effective January 1, 1997, the plan commenced operations and retained the existing ESOP participant accounts and incorporated a deferred savings plan (a "401(k) plan") feature. Participants in the 401(k) plan are allowed to make before-tax contributions, within Internal Revenue Service established limits, through payroll deductions. Effective January 1, 2020, we amended the 401(k) plan to be a safe harbor 401K plan. Under the amendment, the Company made changes to the hardship provisions and will make quarterly contributions in cash or our common shares equal to, 100% of the first three percent and 50% of the next two percent of each participant's before-tax contributions, subject to IRS limitations, which will be fully vested. This represents a potential maximum contribution of four percent. All nonbargaining domestic employees who attained 21 years of age and completed one year of service are eligible to participate. In May 2004, we adopted the 401K Match Restoration Plan, a defined contribution plan that supplements the retirement benefits of certain employees that participate in the savings plan feature of The Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan, but are limited in contributions because of tax rules and regulations. Our common shares are not listed or traded on an established public trading market, and market prices are, therefore, not available. Semiannually, an independent stock valuation firm assists with the appraisal of the fair market value of our common shares based upon our performance and financial condition. The Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan includes a put option for shares of the Company’s common stock distributed from the plan. Shares may be distributed from the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan to former participants of the plan, their beneficiaries, donees or heirs (each, a "participant"). Since our common stock is not currently traded on an established securities market, if the owners of distributed shares desire to sell their shares, the Company is required to purchase the shares at fair value for two 60-day periods after distribution of the shares from the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP. The fair value of distributed shares subject to the put option totaled $2,018 and $5,272 as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The fair value of the shares held in the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP totaled $193,533 and $183,408 as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Due to the Company’s obligation under the put option, the distributed shares subject to the put option and the shares held in the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP (collectively referred to as 401KSOP and ESOP related shares) are recorded at fair value, classified as temporary equity in the mezzanine section of the consolidated balance sheets and totaled $195,551 and $188,680 as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Changes in the fair value of the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan related shares are reflected in retained earnings while net share activity associated with the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP Plan related shares are first reflected in additional paid-in capital and then retained earnings if additional paid-in capital is insufficient.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation Our shareholders approved the 2024 Omnibus Stock Plan (the "2024 Stock Plan") at our annual meeting of shareholders on May 21, 2024. The 2024 Stock Plan replaced the expired 2014 Omnibus Stock Plan (the "2014 plan") previously approved by the shareholders in 2014. The 2024 Stock Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and has a term of ten years. All directors of the Company and employees of the Company and its subsidiaries are eligible to participate in the 2024 Stock Plan. The 2024 Stock Plan (similar to the 2014 plan) continues the maintenance of the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as well as provisions for the grant of stock options and other stock-based incentives. The 2024 Stock Plan provides for the grant of five percent of the number of the Company’s common shares outstanding as of the first day of each fiscal year plus the number of common shares that were available for grant of awards, but not granted, in prior years. In no event, however, may the number of common shares available for the grant of awards in any fiscal year exceed ten percent of the common shares outstanding as of the first day of that fiscal year. Common shares subject to an award that is forfeited, terminated, or canceled without having been exercised are generally added back to the number of shares available for grant under the 2024 Stock Plan. Stock-based compensation expense under all share-based payment plans—our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, stock option plans, stock-settled stock appreciation rights ("SSARs"), and restricted stock units ("RSUs")— was included in the results of operations as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Compensation expense, all share-based payment plans $ 8,568 $ 6,723 $ 7,930 Income tax benefit 1,780 1,293 1,722 Stock-based compensation consisted of the following: Employee Stock Purchase Plan --Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, all full-time employees with six months of service are eligible to purchase, through payroll deductions, common shares. Employee purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan are at 85% of the fair market value of the common shares--a 15% discount. Compensation costs are recognized as payroll deductions are made. The 15% discount of total shares purchased under the plan resulted in compensation cost recognized of $2,073 in 2024, $1,712 in 2023 and $1,824 in 2022. Stock Options Plan --The stock options outstanding were awarded under a graded vesting schedule, measured at fair value, and have a term of ten years. Compensation costs for stock options are recognized over the requisite service period on the straight-line recognition method. Compensation cost recognized for stock options was $93 in 2024, $217 in 2023 and $407 in 2022. Beginning in 2021, management and the Compensation Committee replaced the issuance of stock options with performance-based restricted stock units ("PRSUs") for certain employees. Stock-Settled Stock Appreciation Rights --A SSAR is an award that allows the recipient to receive common shares equal to the appreciation in the fair market value of our common shares between the date the award was granted and the conversion date of the shares vested. Effective January 1, 2019, management and the Compensation Committee replaced the issuance of future SSARs with PRSUs for certain management employees. As of December 31, 2022, all outstanding SSARs have vested. Compensation costs for SSARs are determined using a fair-value method and amortized over the requisite service period. "Intrinsic value" is defined as the amount by which the fair market value of a common share exceeds the grant date price of a SSAR. There was no compensation expense for SSARs in either 2024 or 2023. Compensation expense for SSARs totaled $84 in 2022. Restricted Stock Units --During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors awarded 234,485 PRSUs to certain management employees and 8,560 restricted stock units ("RSUs") to nonemployee directors. The Compensation Committee made similar awards in prior periods. The awards vest over specified periods. The following table summarizes PRSUs and RSUs as of December 31, 2024: Restricted Stock Units Number of Weighted- Weighted- Unrecognized Aggregate Unvested, January 1, 2024 933,843 $ 16.02 Granted 243,045 21.95 Forfeited (10,296) 16.99 Vested (398,760) 15.17 Unvested, December 31, 2024 767,832 $ 18.32 1.2 years $ 5,307 $ 17,507 Employee PRSUs 730,201 $ 18.29 1.2 years $ 4,995 $ 16,649 Nonemployee Director RSUs 37,631 $ 18.97 1.2 years $ 312 $ 858 Compensation cost for PRSUs and RSUs is determined using a fair-value method and amortized on the straight-line recognition method over the requisite service period. "Intrinsic value" is defined as the amount by which the fair market value of a common share exceeds the grant date price of a PRSU or an RSU. Compensation expense on PRSUs and RSUs totaled $6,402 in 2024, $4,794 in 2023 and $5,615 in 2022. The fair value of each stock-based award was estimated on the date of grant using a binomial option-pricing model. The binomial model considers a range of assumptions related to volatility, risk-free interest rate and employee exercise behavior. Expected volatilities utilized in the binomial model are based on historical volatility of our share prices and other factors. Similarly, the dividend yield is based on historical experience and expected future changes. The binomial model also incorporates exercise and forfeiture assumptions based on an analysis of historical data. The expected life of the stock-based awards is derived from the output of the binomial model and represents the period of time that awards granted are expected to be outstanding. The fair values of stock-based awards granted were estimated at the dates of grant with the following weighted-average assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Volatility rate 9.5 % 9.6 % 9.7 % Risk-free interest rate 4.6 % 4.1 % 1.7 % Expected dividend yield .4 % .4 % .4 % Expected life of awards (years) 3.0 3.0 3.0 General Stock Option Information --The following table summarizes activity under the stock option plans for the year ended December 31, 2024: Stock Options Number of Weighted- Weighted- Unrecognized Aggregate Outstanding, January 1, 2024 1,688,831 $ 9.04 Granted — — Exercised (327,523) 7.57 Forfeited (82,510) 6.83 Outstanding, December 31, 2024 1,278,798 $ 9.56 3.0 years $ 37 $ 16,931 Exercisable, December 31, 2024 1,208,839 $ 9.41 2.9 years $ 16,186 "Intrinsic value" is defined as the amount by which the market price of a common share exceeds the exercise price of an option. Information regarding the stock options outstanding at December 31, 2024 is summarized below: Stock Options Number Weighted-Average Weighted- Number Weighted- Employee options: $ 7.53 195,200 0.5 years $ 7.53 195,200 $ 7.53 8.18 260,050 1.5 years 8.18 260,050 8.18 8.80 167,400 2.5 years 8.80 167,400 8.80 9.55 181,950 3.5 years 9.55 181,950 9.55 10.55 35,825 4.2 years 10.55 35,825 10.55 10.55 170,788 4.5 years 10.55 170,788 10.55 12.10 45,220 5.2 years 12.10 33,861 12.10 12.10 222,365 5.5 years 12.10 163,765 12.10 1,278,798 3.0 years $ 9.56 1,208,839 $ 9.41 We issue common shares from treasury upon the exercise of stock options, the vesting of PRSUs and RSUs, or purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Tax Benefits of Stock-Based Compensation-- Our total income tax benefit from share-based awards--as recognized in our consolidated statement of operations--for the last three years was: $1,780 in 2024, $1,293 in 2023, and $1,722 in 2022. Tax benefits for share-based awards are accrued as stock compensation expense and recognized in our consolidated statement of operations. Tax benefits on share-based awards are realized when: (a) SSARs are exercised; (b) PRSUs and RSUs vest; and (c) stock options are exercised. When actual tax benefits realized exceed the tax benefits accrued for share-based awards, we realize an excess tax benefit. We had excess tax benefits of: $1,844 in 2024, $1,109 in 2023, and $1,067 in 2022.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	Income Taxes In 2021, as part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s (“OECD”) Inclusive Framework, the member countries agreed to the implementation of the Pillar Two Global Minimum Tax (“Pillar Two”) of 15%. The OECD continues to release additional guidance, including administrative guidance on how Pillar Two rules should be interpreted and applied by jurisdictions as they adopt Pillar Two. A number of countries have utilized the administrative guidance as a starting point of legislation that is effective January 1, 2024. There has been no material impact on the respective tax provision. The Company is continuing to evaluate the potential impact on future periods of Pillar Two, pending legislative adoption by individual countries. Income (loss) before income taxes was attributable to the following sources: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 United States $ 90,977 $ 99,116 $ 90,379 Canada (1,786) (1,879) (5,180) Total $ 89,191 $ 97,237 $ 85,199 The provision for income taxes follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Current provision (benefit): Federal $ 16,424 $ 17,708 $ 18,795 State 5,314 6,275 7,173 Canadian (25) (62) 11 Total current 21,713 23,921 25,979 Deferred taxes 2,682 1,175 (2,070) Total taxes on income $ 24,395 $ 25,096 $ 23,909 A reconciliation of the expected statutory U.S. federal rate to our actual effective income tax rate follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Statutory U.S. federal tax rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % State income taxes, net of federal benefit 5.3 5.4 6.1 Effect of Canadian income taxes 1.1 — (.2) Nondeductible expenses 2.4 .7 1.9 Stock compensation (1.6) (.8) (.8) ESOP dividend deduction (.2) (.2) (.2) Uncertain tax adjustments and audit settlement — .1 — Valuation allowance (1.0) (.3) — Nondeductible compensation 1.1 .4 .7 Other, net (.7) (.5) (.3) Effective income tax rate 27.4 % 25.8 % 28.2 % Deferred income taxes reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more-likely-than-not that an income tax benefit will not be realized. Significant components of our noncurrent net deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: Self-insurance accruals $ 30,263 $ 28,198 Accrued compensated absences 2,370 2,451 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 984 880 Accrued stock compensation 3,959 4,093 Foreign tax credit carryforward 401 1,359 Lease obligations 18,055 21,958 Intangibles — 81 Other future deductible amounts, net 9,590 5,236 65,622 64,256 Less deferred tax asset valuation allowance 968 864 64,654 63,392 Deferred tax liabilities: Intangibles 2,452 — Prepaid expenses 5,549 5,874 Lease right of use assets 17,888 21,986 Property and equipment 34,985 29,531 60,874 57,391 Net deferred tax asset--noncurrent $ 3,780 $ 6,001 We treat all of our Canadian subsidiary earnings through December 31, 2024 as permanently reinvested and have not provided any U.S. federal or state tax thereon. As of December 31, 2024, approximately $20,966 of undistributed earnings attributable to our Canadian operations was considered to be indefinitely invested. Presently, our intention is to reinvest the earnings permanently. If, in the future, these earnings are distributed to the U.S. in the form of dividends or otherwise, or if the Company determines such earnings will be remitted in the foreseeable future, the Company would be subject to Canadian withholding taxes. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of taxes that would be payable upon remittance of these earnings given the various tax planning alternatives that we could employ should we decide to repatriate those earnings. As of December 31, 2024, we removed a valuation allowance on foreign tax credit carryforwards that arose due to the transition toll tax on the deemed repatriation of deferred foreign earnings of non-U.S. operations due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Management presently believes that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax asset, related to the foreign tax credits that expire in 2027, will now be fully realized. The criteria considered in making the determination included the ability to utilize tax-planning strategies, historical and projected operating results, and the period of time over which the foreign tax credit can be utilized. The amount of income taxes that we pay is subject to audit by U.S. federal, state, local and Canadian tax authorities, which may result in proposed assessments. Our estimate for the potential outcome for any uncertain tax issue is highly judgmental. Uncertain tax positions are recognized only if they are more-likely-than-not to be upheld during examination based on their technical merits. The measurement of the uncertain tax position is based on the largest benefit amount that is more-likely-than-not (determined on a cumulative probability basis) to be realized upon settlement of the matter. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when we determine the liabilities are no longer necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate settlement, a further charge to expense may result. The balance of unrecognized benefits and the amount of related interest and penalties at December 31, were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Unrecognized tax benefits $ 2,126 $ 1,022 Portion, if recognized, would reduce tax expense and effective tax rate 363 369 Accrued interest on unrecognized tax benefits 51 47 We recognize interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Penalties, if incurred, would be recognized as a component of income tax expense. The Company is routinely under audit by U.S. federal, state, local and Canadian authorities in the area of income tax. These audits include questioning the timing and the amount of income and deductions and the allocation of income and deductions among various tax jurisdictions. With the exception of U.S. state jurisdictions and Canada, the Company is no longer subject to examination by tax authorities for the years through 2020. As of December 31, 2024, we believe it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will not significantly increase or decrease. The changes in our unrecognized tax benefits are summarized in the table below: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Balance, beginning of year $ 1,022 $ 638 $ 700 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 1,205 436 24 Additions for tax positions of prior years — 39 — Reductions for tax positions of prior years (22) — (8) Lapses in statutes of limitations (79) (91) (78) Balance, end of year $ 2,126 $ 1,022 $ 638

Earnings Per Share Information

Earnings Per Share Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share Information [Text Block]	Earnings Per Share Information Earnings per share was computed as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Income available to common shareholders: Net income $ 64,796 $ 72,140 $ 61,290 Weighted-average shares: Basic: Outstanding 41,126,770 42,192,411 43,890,081 Partially-paid share subscriptions 1,165,550 1,259,250 557,594 Basic weighted-average shares 42,292,320 43,451,661 44,447,675 Diluted: Basic from above 42,292,320 43,451,661 44,447,675 Incremental shares from assumed: Exercise of stock subscription purchase rights 85,948 37,638 — Exercise of stock options and awards 1,755,379 2,048,399 2,289,696 Diluted weighted-average shares 44,133,647 45,537,698 46,737,371 Share data: Earnings per share--basic $ 1.53 $ 1.66 $ 1.38 Earnings per share--diluted $ 1.47 $ 1.58 $ 1.31

Operations by Business Segment

Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Information	Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Information We provide a wide range of arboricultural, horticultural, environmental and consulting services to residential, utility, commercial and government entities throughout the United States and Canada. We have two reportable operating segments organized by type or class of customer: Residential and Commercial, and Utility. Residential and Commercial --Residential and Commercial provides services to our residential and commercial customers including: the treatment, preservation, maintenance, removal and planting of trees, shrubs and other plant life; the practice of landscaping, grounds maintenance, tree surgery, tree feeding and tree spraying; the application of fertilizer, herbicides and insecticides; and natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development, and environmental planning. Utility --Utility is principally engaged in providing services to our utility customers--investor-owned, municipal utilities, and rural electric cooperatives--including: the practice of line-clearing and vegetation management around power lines and rights-of-way and chemical brush control, natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development and environmental planning. All other operating activities, including research, technical support and laboratory diagnostic facilities, are included in "All Other," which does not meet the definition of a reportable segment. Measurement of Segment Profit and Loss and Segment Assets --Our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is our Chief Executive Officer, Patrick M. Covey. The CODM evaluates performance and allocates resources based primarily on revenue and income from operations, which includes reviews of year-over-year changes in both revenues and operating income as well as changes from internal forecasts and budgets for each segment. Since our revenue is primarily dependent on people and equipment, the CODM reviews significant cost components for each segment such as payroll expense, equipment and fuel expense, and subcontractor expense. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies except that (a) we compute and recognize depreciation expense for our segments only by the straight-line method and (b) state income taxes are allocated to the segments. Corporate expenses are substantially allocated among the operating segments, but the nature of expenses allocated may differ from year-to-year. There are no intersegment revenues. Segment assets are those generated or directly used by each segment, and include accounts receivable, operating supplies, and property and equipment. Information on reportable segments and reconciliation to the consolidated financial statements follows: Utility Residential Total Reportable Segments All Consolidated Fiscal Year 2024 Revenues $ 1,012,957 $ 820,375 $ 1,833,332 $ 8,355 $ 1,841,687 Less: Payroll expense 436,080 345,797 Equipment and fuel expense 67,297 55,539 Subcontractor expense 95,406 64,355 Other segment expenses (a) 335,800 276,749 30,641 Income (loss) from operations, reportable segments $ 78,374 $ 77,935 $ 156,309 $ (22,286) 134,023 Unallocated costs (b) (19,339) Income from operations 114,684 Interest expense (20,331) Interest income 3,216 Other income (expense), net (8,378) Income before income taxes $ 89,191 Depreciation $ 23,140 $ 32,366 $ 55,506 $ 9,056 (c) $ 64,562 Amortization 1,536 3,896 5,432 — 5,432 Capital expenditures 28,817 66,157 94,974 50,543 (d) 145,517 Segment assets, total 409,554 372,041 781,595 625,956 (e) 1,407,551 Utility Residential Total Reportable Segments All Consolidated Fiscal Year 2023 Revenues $ 934,977 $ 754,455 1,689,432 $ 4,049 $ 1,693,481 Less: Payroll expense 419,242 323,325 Equipment and fuel expense 69,105 53,151 Subcontractor expense 68,491 58,805 Other segment expenses (a) 314,725 247,352 16,260 Income (loss) from operations, reportable segments $ 63,414 $ 71,822 $ 135,236 $ (12,211) 123,025 Unallocated costs (b) (8,818) Income from operations 114,207 Interest expense (13,745) Interest income 1,894 Other income (expense), net (5,120) Income before income taxes $ 97,236 Depreciation $ 21,565 $ 29,843 $ 51,408 $ 2,163 (c) $ 53,571 Amortization 1,873 3,199 5,072 — 5,072 Capital expenditures 21,716 43,147 64,863 22,459 (d) 87,322 Segment assets, total 399,059 367,745 766,804 514,256 (e) 1,281,060 Fiscal Year 2022 Revenues $ 840,553 $ 666,972 $ 1,507,525 $ 3,556 $ 1,511,081 Less: Payroll expense 383,220 295,850 Equipment and fuel expense 70,616 51,305 Subcontractor expense 50,532 44,433 Other segment expenses (a) 273,918 217,074 18,549 Income (loss) from operations, reportable segments $ 62,267 $ 58,310 $ 120,577 $ (14,993) 105,584 Unallocated costs (b) (5,348) Income from operations 100,236 Interest expense (6,129) Interest income 955 Other income (expense), net (9,863) Income before income taxes $ 85,199 Depreciation $ 22,791 $ 26,294 $ 49,085 $ 2,884 (c) $ 51,969 Amortization 776 2,452 3,228 — 3,228 Capital expenditures 26,178 44,173 70,351 18,387 (d) 88,738 Segment assets, total 362,399 313,401 675,800 280,421 (e) 956,221 Reconciling adjustments from segment reporting to consolidated external financial reporting include unallocated corporate items: (a) Other segment expenses include occupancy costs, travel, insurance, depreciation and amortization, selling expenses and all other operating expenses. (b) Reclassification of depreciation expense and allocation of corporate expenses. (c) Adjustments to declining-balance method depreciation expense from straight-line method and depreciation and amortization of corporate assets. (d) Capital expenditures for corporate facilities and enterprise-wide information systems. (e) Corporate assets include cash, prepaid expenses, corporate facilities, enterprise-wide information systems and other nonoperating assets. Geographic Information -- The following presents revenues, based on where the service was performed, and long-lived assets by geographic territory: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Revenues United States $ 1,741,143 $ 1,594,546 $ 1,426,019 Canada 100,544 98,935 85,062 $ 1,841,687 $ 1,693,481 $ 1,511,081 December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Long-lived assets, net United States $ 835,648 $ 741,294 $ 484,740 Canada 32,950 33,086 29,217 $ 868,598 $ 774,380 $ 513,957

Revenue Recognition (Notes)

Revenue Recognition (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Revenue from contracts with customers [Text Block]	Revenue Recognition We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Nature of Performance Obligations and Significant Judgments At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods and services promised in its contracts with customers and identifies a performance obligation for each promised good or service (or bundle of goods and services) that is distinct. To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all of the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. A description of our performance obligations is included below. • Residential and Commercial Services - We provide a wide array of services for our residential and commercial customers including the treatment, preservation, maintenance, removal and planting of trees, shrubs and other plant life, landscaping, grounds maintenance, the application of fertilizer, herbicides and insecticides, natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development, and environmental planning. A contract with a customer may include only one of these services, all of these services, or a combination of these services. For contracts in which we provide all, or a combination of, these services, we believe that the nature of our promise is to provide an integrated property management service for our customer. In these contracts, the customer has effectively outsourced the care and maintenance of its property grounds to us during the duration of the contract as we are responsible for providing a continuous delivery of outsourced maintenance activities over the contract term. As such, for contracts that contain a combination of services, we have concluded that we have a single performance obligation, which is accounted for as a series of distinct services. • Utility Services - We provide a suite of vegetation management or arboricultural services to our utility customers (investor-owned, municipal utilities, and rural electric cooperatives) including the practice of line-clearing and vegetation management around power lines and rights-of-way, chemical brush control, natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development, and environmental planning. A contract with a customer may include only one of these services, all of these services, or a combination of these services. For contracts in which we provide all, or a combination of, these services, we believe that the nature of our promise is to provide an integrated overall vegetation management service, rather than the performance of discrete activities or services for the customer. As such, for contracts that contain a combination of services, we have concluded that we have a single performance obligation, which is accounted for as a series of distinct services. Contracts with our customers generally originate upon the completion of a quote for services for residential and commercial customers or the receipt of a purchase order (or similar work order) for utility customers. In some cases, our contracts are governed by master services agreements, in which case our contract under ASC 606 consists of the combination of the master services agreement and the quote/purchase order. Many of our contracts have a stated duration of one year or less or contain termination clauses that allow the customer to cancel the contract after a specified notice period, which is typically less than 90 days. Due to the fact that many of our arrangements allow the customer to terminate for convenience, the duration of the contract for revenue recognition purposes generally does not extend beyond the services that we have actually transferred. As a result, many of our contracts are, in effect, day-to-day or month-to-month contracts. Revenue from our residential, commercial, and utility performance obligations is recognized over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of our services as we perform them. Many of our contracts compensate us based on an agreed upon price for each increment of service provided to the customer. Therefore, revenue is mainly recognized as each increment of service is provided to the customer at the amount to which we are contractually entitled. For contracts that contain a fixed price, we generally use a units-delivered based output method to measure progress. Revenue from our consulting services is also recognized over time and we use a cost-based input method to measure progress. Payment for our services is generally due within 30 days of such services being provided to the customer. The transaction price for our contracts is determined upon establishment of the contract that contains the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity, and price of each service purchased. Certain of our contracts contain variable consideration, including index-based pricing, chargebacks, and prompt payment discounts. The Company estimates variable consideration and performs a constraint analysis for these contracts on the basis of both historical information and current trends. However, these types of variable consideration do not have a material effect on the Company’s revenue, either individually or in the aggregate. In addition, although our contracts generally include fixed pricing for each increment of service, the ultimate quantity of services that will be required in order to fulfill our performance obligations is unknown at contract inception. Therefore, our total transaction price ultimately varies based on the quantity and types of services provided to our customer. However, this type of variable consideration is allocated entirely to the distinct services within the series to which it relates. Disaggregation of Revenue The following tables disaggregate our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 by major sources: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Utility Residential and Commercial All Other Consolidated Type of service: Tree and plant care $ 626,960 $ 431,681 $ (93) $ 1,058,548 Grounds maintenance — 200,096 — 200,096 Storm damage services 49,267 31,903 — 81,170 Consulting and other 336,730 156,695 8,448 501,873 Total revenues $ 1,012,957 $ 820,375 $ 8,355 $ 1,841,687 Geography: United States $ 959,976 $ 772,812 $ 8,355 $ 1,741,143 Canada 52,981 47,563 — 100,544 Total revenues $ 1,012,957 $ 820,375 $ 8,355 $ 1,841,687 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Utility Residential and Commercial All Other Consolidated Type of service: Tree and plant care $ 563,222 $ 411,508 $ (756) $ 973,974 Grounds maintenance — 185,994 — 185,994 Storm damage services 12,049 13,123 — 25,172 Consulting and other 359,706 143,830 4,805 508,341 Total revenues $ 934,977 $ 754,455 $ 4,049 $ 1,693,481 Geography: United States $ 881,428 $ 709,069 $ 4,049 $ 1,594,546 Canada 53,549 45,386 — 98,935 Total revenues $ 934,977 $ 754,455 $ 4,049 $ 1,693,481 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Utility Residential and Commercial All Other Consolidated Type of service: Tree and plant care $ 545,048 $ 383,148 $ (174) $ 928,022 Grounds maintenance — 169,948 — 169,948 Storm damage services 21,437 9,665 — 31,102 Consulting and other 274,068 104,211 3,730 382,009 Total revenues $ 840,553 $ 666,972 $ 3,556 $ 1,511,081 Geography: United States $ 800,590 $ 621,873 $ 3,556 $ 1,426,019 Canada 39,963 45,099 — 85,062 Total revenues $ 840,553 $ 666,972 $ 3,556 $ 1,511,081 Contract Balances Our contract liabilities consist of advance payments, billings in excess of costs incurred and deferred revenue. The Company has recognized $3,808 and $2,266 of revenue for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, that was included in the contract liability balance at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Net contract liabilities consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, Contract liabilities - current $ 3,756 $ 3,430 Contract liabilities - noncurrent 4,655 3,700 Net contract liabilities $ 8,411 $ 7,130 Practical Expedients & Accounting Policy Elections • Remaining performance obligations - The Company’s contracts for service revenue have an original duration of one year or less. Therefore, because of the short duration of these contracts, the Company has not disclosed the transaction price for the future performance obligations as of the end of each reporting period or when the Company expects to recognize this revenue. • Incremental costs of obtaining a contract - The Company’s contracts for service revenue have an original duration of one year or less. Therefore, the Company has elected to expense these costs as incurred. • Right to invoice - For the Company’s contracts in which it has the right to invoice the customer on the basis of actual work performed (i.e., output), the Company has elected to measure the satisfaction of performance obligation(s) on the basis of actual work performed, as the invoiced amount directly corresponds to the value transferred to the customer. • Sales taxes - The Company has, as an accounting policy election, decided to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all sales taxes assessed by a governmental authority. • Significant financing component - The Company’s contracts do not allow for payment terms which exceed one year, and thus need not account for the effects of a significant financing component.

Fair Value Measurements and Fin

Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair value measurements and financial instruments	Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments FASB ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures" ("Topic 820") defines fair value based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Market participants are defined as buyers or sellers in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability that are independent of the reporting entity, knowledgeable and able and willing to transact for the asset or liability. Valuation Hierarchy --Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three broad levels: Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity has the ability to access. Level 2 inputs are observable inputs other than prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated with observable market data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets and liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs. Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were as follows: Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2024 Using: Total Quoted Significant Significant Description December 31, 2024 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Assets invested for self-insurance Certificates of deposits, current $ 2,750 $ 2,750 $ — $ — Certificates of deposits, noncurrent 750 750 — — Available-for-sale debt securities: United States Government and agency securities 46,180 46,180 — — Total available-for-sale debt securities 46,180 46,180 — — Marketable equity securities: Mutual funds 19,491 19,491 — — Exchange traded funds 1,727 1,727 — — Total marketable equity securities 21,218 21,218 — — Liabilities: Deferred compensation $ 1,482 $ — $ — $ 1,482 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023 Using: Total Quoted Significant Significant Description December 31, 2023 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Assets invested for self-insurance Certificates of deposits, current $ 2,859 $ 2,859 $ — $ — Certificates of deposits, noncurrent 3,500 3,500 — — Available-for-sale debt securities: United States Government and agency securities 36,802 36,802 — — Corporate notes and bonds 260 260 — — Total available-for-sale debt securities 37,062 37,062 — — Marketable equity securities: Mutual funds 6,842 6,842 — — Corporate stocks 3,780 3,780 — — Exchange traded funds 1,480 1,480 — — Total marketable equity securities 12,102 12,102 — — Liabilities: Deferred compensation $ 1,572 $ — $ — $ 1,572 The assets invested for self-insurance are certificates of deposits, stocks, bonds, mutual funds and exchange traded funds--classified as Level 1--based on quoted market prices of the identical underlying securities in active markets. The estimated fair value of the deferred compensation--classified as Level 3--is based on the value of the Company's common shares, determined by independent valuation. The Company's common shares are not listed or traded on an established public trading market and market prices are, therefore, not available. Semiannually, for purposes of the Davey 401KSOP and ESOP, the fair market value of the common shares is determined by an independent stock valuation firm. The semiannual valuations utilize two approaches in determining the fair value of the common shares, a market approach and an income approach. Each approach utilizes Company performance and financial condition, using a peer group of comparable companies selected by the firm as well as significant unobservable inputs such as projected earnings and cash flow, EBITDA and cost of capital. The results of each valuation approach are utilized in a weighted average calculation to arrive at the fair market value. The peer group at December 31, 2024 consisted of: ABM Industries Incorporated; Comfort Systems USA, Inc.; Dycom Industries, Inc.; FirstService Corporation; MYR Group, Inc.; Quanta Services, Inc.; Rollins, Inc.; and Scotts Miracle-Gro Company. The semiannual valuations are effective for a period of six months and the per-share price established by those valuations is the price at which the Board of Directors of the Company has determined that the common shares will be bought and sold during that six-month period in transactions involving the Company or one of its employee benefit or stock purchase plans. The Company provides a ready market for all shareholders through its direct purchase of their common shares, although the Company is under no obligation to do so (other than for repurchases pursuant to the put option, as described in Note N). Fair Value of Financial Instruments --The fair values of our current financial assets and current liabilities, including cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses among others, approximate their reported carrying values because of their short-term nature. Financial instruments classified as noncurrent assets and liabilities and their carrying values and fair values were as follows: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Assets: Available-for-sale debt securities $ 46,180 $ 46,180 $ 37,062 $ 37,062 Marketable equity securities 21,218 21,218 12,102 12,102 Liabilities: Revolving credit facility, noncurrent 213,873 213,873 141,616 141,616 Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent 120,000 117,486 135,000 130,959 Term loans, noncurrent 6,072 6,065 7,012 7,252 Total $ 339,945 $ 337,424 $ 283,628 $ 279,827 The carrying value of our revolving credit facility approximates fair value--classified as Level 2--as the interest rates on the amounts outstanding are variable. The fair value of our senior unsecured notes and term loans--classified as Level 2--is determined based on expected future weighted-average interest rates with the same remaining maturities. Management has evaluated the classification of the common shares and determined that due to significant unobservable inputs used in the independent stock valuation, the shares are more appropriately categorized as Level 3 investments. Market Risk-- In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, changes in interest rates and changes in fuel prices. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. In prior years, we have used derivative financial instruments to manage risk, in part, associated with changes in interest rates and changes in fuel prices. Presently, we are not engaged in any hedging or derivative activities.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Letters of Credit At December 31, 2024, we were contingently liable to our principal banks in the amount of $100,050 for letters of credit outstanding primarily related to insurance coverage. Surety Bonds In certain circumstances, we have performance obligations that are supported by surety bonds in connection with our contractual commitments. Litigation We are party to a number of lawsuits, threatened lawsuits and other claims arising out of the normal course of business. On a quarterly basis, we assess our liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings utilizing the latest information available. Where it is probable that we will incur a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record a liability in our consolidated financial statements. These accruals may be increased or decreased to reflect any relevant developments on a quarterly basis. Where a loss is not probable or the amount of the loss is not estimable, we do not record an accrual, consistent with applicable accounting guidance. Based on information currently available to us, advice of counsel, and available insurance coverage, we believe that our established accruals are adequate and the liabilities arising from the legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition. We note, however, that in light of the inherent uncertainty in legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that the ultimate resolution of a matter will not exceed established accruals. As a result, the outcome of a particular matter or a combination of matters may be material to our results of operations for a particular period, depending upon the size of the loss or our income for that particular period. Georgia Wrongful Death Suit In November 2017, a wrongful death lawsuit was filed in Savannah, Georgia in the State Court of Chatham County (“State Court”) against Davey Tree, its subsidiary, Wolf Tree, Inc. (“Wolf Tree”), a former Davey employee, a Wolf Tree employee, and two former Wolf Tree employees. That complaint, as subsequently amended, alleges various acts of negligence and seeks compensatory damages for the wrongful death of the plaintiff’s husband, a Wolf Tree employee, who was shot and killed in August 2017. In July 2018, a related survival action was filed in Savannah, Georgia by the deceased’s estate against Davey Tree, its subsidiary, Wolf Tree, and four current and former employees, which arises out of the same allegations, seeks compensatory and punitive damages and also includes three Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (“RICO”) claims under Georgia law seeking treble damages. The 2018 case was removed to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia, Savannah Division (“Federal Court”), on August 2, 2018. The cases were mediated unsuccessfully in December 2018 and the State Court case was originally set for trial on January 22, 2019. However, as discussed below, the two civil cases were ultimately stayed for more than four years. On December 6, 2018, a former Wolf Tree employee pled guilty to conspiracy to conceal, harbor, and shield illegal aliens. On December 21, 2018, the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) filed a motion to stay both actions on the grounds that on December 7, 2018, an indictment was issued charging two former Wolf Tree employees and another individual with various crimes, including conspiracy to murder the deceased. The State Court case was stayed on December 28, 2018 and the Federal Court case was stayed on January 8, 2019. On January 29, 2019, the State Court ordered the parties to return to mediation, which occurred on April 17, 2019, but was unsuccessful in resolving the matters. By November 2022, all three of the individually charged defendants had either been convicted at trial or pled guilty to Federal criminal charges in the Federal Court related to their involvement with the murder and other illegal activities. All three criminal defendants have now been sentenced. During the pendency of the criminal cases, the civil cases were stayed. Once the individual defendants' criminal matters resolved, the State Court permitted limited additional discovery and amended motions for summary judgment. On March 6, 2024, the State Court granted the plaintiff’s motion to drop less than all parties from the lawsuit. As a result, Davey Tree is the only remaining defendant in the State Court case. The State Court had also set a civil jury trial for the week of July 29 to August 2, 2024. The Company filed a Third Motion for Summary Judgment after the dismissal of the other defendants, and the Court granted the Company’s Third Motion for Summary Judgment in part and denied it in part on June 25, 2024. Due to the significant change to the claims in the case, the Court further vacated the previously set trial date of July 29, 2024. A new trial date has been set for June 2, 2025. The stay in the Federal Court case was lifted on April 4, 2023. The Company moved to dismiss the alleged civil RICO claims, further filed a motion to stay the case until the motion to dismiss was decided, and moved for partial summary judgment on certain state law claims. The Federal Court granted the Company’s motion to stay discovery pending resolution of the motion to dismiss. On March 27, 2024, the Federal Court ordered the plaintiff to refile a deficient RICO statement, dismissed the Company’s motion to dismiss without prejudice and leave to refile once the plaintiff’s RICO statement has been refiled, and set a briefing schedule. The Company then refiled its Motion to Dismiss in early summer 2024 and that Motion to Dismiss was granted on March 3, 2025, dismissing all RICO related claims against the moving defendants. The Federal Court has not yet set a trial date. Previously, on December 17, 2018, the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of Georgia (“United States Attorney”) informed the Company and Wolf Tree that they are also under investigation for potential civil or other violations of immigration and other laws relating to the subject matters of the criminal investigation referenced above. The Company and Wolf Tree fully cooperated with the investigation. On July 12, 2023, the Company and Wolf Tree entered into a non-prosecution and settlement agreement (the “settlement agreement”) with the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of Georgia and the United States Department of Homeland Security (“DHS”), resolving the investigation for potential violations of immigration and other laws by the Company and Wolf Tree. The United States Attorney recognized that, since August 2017, both the Company and Wolf Tree have fully cooperated with the criminal and civil investigation and, in entering into the settlement agreement, the United States Attorney took into consideration the Company’s and Wolf Tree’s implementation of a significant compliance program. The Company and Wolf Tree paid $3,984 as part of the settlement agreement, including civil penalties, forfeiture and restitution. The United States Attorney agreed that it will not bring any criminal charges against the Company or Wolf Tree concerning the subject matter of the investigation and released the Company and Wolf Tree from civil liability concerning certain immigration code provisions. The DHS also agreed to release the Company and Wolf Tree from administrative liability relating to the subject matter of the investigation, all of which are subject to standard reservations of rights and certain reserved claims. The settlement agreement closed the investigation by the United States Attorney and DHS. The settlement is not an admission of liability by the Company or Wolf Tree. The civil cases in the State Court of Chatham County in Georgia and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia, Savannah Division relating to the same subject matter, remain pending. The civil case in the State Court of Chatham County, Georgia has set a trial date of June 2, 2025. No trial date has been set in the Federal Court civil case . In both civil cases, the Company and Wolf Tree have denied all liability and are vigorously defending against the actions. The Company also has retained separate counsel for some of the individual defendants, each of whom has denied all liability and also are vigorously defending the actions. Northern California Wildfires Five lawsuits were filed that name contractors for PG&E Corporation and its subsidiary, Pacific Gas and Electric Company (together, “PG&E”), including Davey Tree, with respect to claims arising from a wildfire event that occurred in Pacific Gas and Electric Company’s service territory in northern California beginning on October 8, 2017. An action was brought on August 8, 2019 in Napa County Superior Court, entitled Walker, et al. v. Davey Tree Surgery Company, et al ., Case No. 19CV001194. An action was brought on October 8, 2019 in San Francisco County Superior Court, entitled Abram, et al. v. ACRT, Inc., et. al , Case No. CGC-19-579861. An action was brought on October 7, 2019 in San Francisco Superior Court, entitled Adams, et al. v. Davey Resource Group, Inc., et al., Case No. CGC-19-579828. An action was brought on October 8, 2019 in Sacramento Superior Court, entitled Antone, et al. v. ACRT, Inc. et al., Case No. 34-2019-00266662. An action was brought on October 7, 2019 in Sacramento Superior Court, entitled Bennett, et al. v. ACRT, Inc. et al. , Case No. 2019-00266501. Three additional actions were brought on January 28, 2021 in San Francisco County Superior Court, by fire victims represented by a trust (“Plaintiffs’ Trust”), which was assigned contractual rights in the PG&E bankruptcy proceedings. These cases are entitled John K. Trotter, Trustee of the PG&E Fire Victim Trust v. Davey Resource Group, Inc., et al ., Case No. CGC-21-589438; John K. Trotter, Trustee of the PG&E Fire Victim Trust v. Davey Resource Group, Inc., et al ., Case No. CGC-21-589439; and John K. Trotter, Trustee of the PG&E Fire Victim Trust v. ACRT Pacific, LLC, et al ., Case No. CGC-21-589441. On September 22, 2021, the Court granted Davey Tree’s petition to coordinate all cases as a California Judicial Council Coordination Proceeding, In Re North Bay Fire Cases, JCCP No. 4955. As a result of the coordination order, all of the actions were stayed in their home jurisdictions, subject to further court order. In November 2022, Davey Tree filed a cross-complaint against the Plaintiffs’ Trust and PG&E related to the contractual obligations of limitation of liability and hold harmless. Since that time, Davey Tree has dismissed the cross-complaint against PG&E without prejudice. The Plaintiffs’ Trust filed a demurrer which challenged Davey Tree’s claim that the hold harmless provisions in its contracts with PG&E are an obligation of the Plaintiffs’ Trust. In response to the demurrer, Davey Tree filed an amended cross-complaint against the Plaintiffs’ Trust on April 13, 2023. The Plaintiffs’ Trust has since filed another demurrer seeking to dismiss the cross complaint by Davey Tree, and Davey Tree has filed a response. The Plaintiffs’ Trust filed a motion for summary adjudication which challenged the limitation of liability as set forth in the assigned contracts. The Court denied the motion for summary adjudication in an order entered April 12, 2023. At a case management conference in JCCP No. 4955 on February 24, 2022, the Court ordered that Davey Tree and the plaintiffs participate in a mediation. The mediation commenced on October 17, 2022. At a case management conference on September 26, 2023, the parties reported to the Court that they had reached a settlement in principle and needed additional time to work on a long form settlement agreement. The parties jointly requested that the Court continue trial dates and other proceedings while the parties attempt to reach final terms on a global resolution. The Court originally set a trial date for October 2, 2023 involving the claim of the Plaintiffs’ Trust as to the Atlas burn location. On July 26, 2023, based on a joint request by the parties, the Court vacated the October 2, 2023 Atlas trial date and reset the Atlas trial for February 26, 2024, which has been vacated. On November 10, 2022, the Court authorized the plaintiffs to contact Napa County Superior Court for the purpose of setting a trial date in the Walker case for claims related to the Patrick burn location. On December 15, 2022, the Court in the Walker case set a trial date of March 4, 2024. Pursuant to the parties’ stipulation, that trial date has been continued to August 19, 2024. On April 30, 2024 the parties filed a joint stipulation to continue the trial date for 90 days. The trial was later set for December 4, 2024. On October 9, 2024, the parties filed a joint stipulation mutually requesting that the trial and all related dates be continued approximately 45 days after the current December 4, 2024 trial date, or thereafter, as convenient to the court. The Walker trial date was later set for February 18, 2025. The Walker trial date was then continued to July 14,2025 and a mandatory settlement conference was set for July 3, 2025. Davey Tree has responded to all claims asserted by the plaintiffs in these actions, denying all liability, and is vigorously defending against plaintiffs' alleged claims. However, we believe that a range of losses is probable and we have accrued our best estimate within this range which is also equal to our total coverage limits under our self-insurance and third party insurance providers for the 2017-2018 policy year of $220,000. We believe that any losses would be recovered through our self-insurance and third party insurance providers and have accrued a corresponding insurance recoverable within our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2024.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income	$ 64,796	$ 72,140	$ 61,290

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Cybersecurity Risk Management a

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]	Risk management and strategy Overview Cybersecurity is an integral part of our overall enterprise risk analysis and discussions. We recognize the critical importance of assessing, implementing, and maintaining robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard our information systems and protect the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of our company, customer, and employee data. Our cybersecurity program draws from the recognized framework established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology and focuses on five key pillars of threat mitigation, which consist of identification, protection, detection, response, and recovery. We deploy various tools to address these areas, including robust password requirements, firewalls, limiting access to sensitive information, multi-factor authentication requirements, and anti-malware, intrusion prevention and detection systems. We periodically review and update Davey’s policies, standards, processes, and procedures regarding cybersecurity threats and incidents, including by assessing current threat intelligence, conducting tabletop exercises, and performing vulnerability and security testing. Recognizing the complexity and evolving nature of cyberattacks, we also engage with a range of third-party experts to help identify and manage cybersecurity risk, including monitoring and evaluating traffic on our network, assisting with penetration testing and tabletop exercises, and consulting on best practices. Davey Tree also uses third-party service providers to support its business operations and many of its technology platforms and is aware of risks associated with using such services. We periodically monitor and assess third-party service providers from a cybersecurity risk perspective and continuously seek to enhance our third-party risk management program. Awareness and Training All Davey employees are offered multiple security awareness training opportunities throughout the year, including at the time of hire. The training is further supplemented by periodic phishing simulations as an interactive way to engage and train employees to help identify potential cybersecurity risks and further build threat resilience. Additionally, we provide specialized security training for certain employee roles such as application developers. Improper or illegitimate use of Davey’s information system resources or violation of our information security policies and procedures may result in disciplinary action, including up to termination. Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan A detailed Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan (“CIRP”) is maintained and practiced at least annually. The CIRP provides organizational and operational structures, processes, and procedures designed to identify key incident response stakeholders, and allow our personnel to properly respond to material incidents that may affect the function and security of information technology assets, information resources, and business operations. We have a designated incident response team in place to carry out the CIRP, which consists of core members from our information technology group and an extended team consisting of key personnel from areas such as Legal, Finance, Human Resources and Public Relations that we can engage as deemed necessary, as well as third-party experts. Risks from Cybersecurity Threats We face a number of cybersecurity risks in connection with our business and have, from time to time, experienced external threats seeking to compromise the security, confidentiality, or integrity of our data and systems, including malware and computer virus attacks. As of the date of this report, Davey Tree is not aware of any such risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. However, there can be no assurance that the Company, or its third-party service providers, will not experience a cybersecurity threat or incident in the future that could materially adversely affect the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. For further discussion of the risks related to cybersecurity, see the risk factors discussed under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K. Governance Management’s Role A dedicated team of information technology leaders, led by our Chief Information Officer (“CIO”), plays a pivotal role in managing our enterprise-wide cybersecurity strategy, policies, standards, architecture, and processes, with a continuous focus on improvement. These individuals collectively have decades of experience managing the computing environment and have obtained various professional security certifications and advanced training in the field of cybersecurity and technology. The CIO provides regular updates to the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), as well as other members of Davey’s executive leadership team, as deemed necessary, on matters relating to cybersecurity. In addition to scheduled briefings, the CIO maintains an ongoing dialogue with our executive leadership team regarding emerging or potential cybersecurity risks. Board of Directors Oversight The Board of Directors (“the Board”) is acutely aware of the critical nature of managing risks related to cybersecurity threats. The CEO, CFO or CIO periodically briefs the Board on Davey Tree’s cyber risks and threats, the status of projects to strengthen our information security systems, assessments of the information security program, and the emerging threat landscape, ensuring the Board has comprehensive oversight and can provide guidance on critical cybersecurity matters. The Board recognizes its responsibility to oversee risk management. As part of this responsibility, the Board requires management to perform an overall assessment of risk annually. This enterprise-wide risk management assessment is designed to review and identify potential events that may affect us, including cybersecurity risks, manage risks within our risk profile and provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of our objectives. The Audit Committee has the responsibility of reviewing the enterprise-wide risk assessment and discusses with management our major financial risk exposures and the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures, including our financial risk assessment and risk management policies.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag]	false
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Text Block]	As of the date of this report, Davey Tree is not aware of any such risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	Audit Committee
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	The Board of Directors (“the Board”) is acutely aware of the critical nature of managing risks related to cybersecurity threats. The CEO, CFO or CIO periodically briefs the Board on Davey Tree’s cyber risks and threats, the status of projects to strengthen our information security systems, assessments of the information security program, and the emerging threat landscape, ensuring the Board has comprehensive oversight and can provide guidance on critical cybersecurity matters. The Board recognizes its responsibility to oversee risk management. As part of this responsibility, the Board requires management to perform an overall assessment of risk annually. This enterprise-wide risk management assessment is designed to review and identify potential events that may affect us, including cybersecurity risks, manage risks within our risk profile and provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of our objectives. The Audit Committee has the responsibility of reviewing the enterprise-wide risk assessment and discusses with management our major financial risk exposures and the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures, including our financial risk assessment and risk management policies.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block]	Management’s Role A dedicated team of information technology leaders, led by our Chief Information Officer (“CIO”), plays a pivotal role in managing our enterprise-wide cybersecurity strategy, policies, standards, architecture, and processes, with a continuous focus on improvement. These individuals collectively have decades of experience managing the computing environment and have obtained various professional security certifications and advanced training in the field of cybersecurity and technology.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block]	A dedicated team of information technology leaders, led by our Chief Information Officer (“CIO”), plays a pivotal role in managing our enterprise-wide cybersecurity strategy, policies, standards, architecture, and processes, with a continuous focus on improvement. These individuals collectively have decades of experience managing the computing environment and have obtained various professional security certifications and advanced training in the field of cybersecurity and technology.

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Principles of consolidation and basis of presentation [Text Block]	Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation --The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Davey Tree and our wholly-owned subsidiaries and were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") as codified in the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of estimates in financial statement preparation [Policy Text Block]	Use of Estimates in Financial Statement Preparation
Mitigation bank credit inventory [Ploicy Text Block]	Mitigation Banking Credit Inventory-- Our mitigation banking business creates and sells wetland, stream and other environmental credits and provides services to those engaged in permittee-responsible mitigation and environmental restoration. We record mitigation bank credit inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory costs are based on estimated total costs for each mitigation bank, which could change as we perform mitigation banking activities.
Property and equipment [Policy Text Block]	Property and Equipment --Property and equipment are stated at cost. Repair and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes by the straight-line method for land improvements, building and leasehold improvements and by straight-line and declining-balance methods for equipment, based on the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows: Land improvements 5 to 20 years Buildings 5 to 30 years Equipment 3 to 20 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of lease term or estimated useful life; ranging from 5 to 20 years
Intangible assets [Policy Text Block]	Intangible Assets --Intangible assets with finite lives, primarily customer lists, noncompete agreements and tradenames, are amortized by the straight-line method based on their estimated useful lives, ranging from one year to seven years.
Long-lived assets [Policy Text Block]	Long-Lived Assets --We assess potential impairment to our long-lived assets, other than goodwill, when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances have made recovery of the asset’s carrying value unlikely and the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the estimated future undiscounted cash flow. In the event the assessment indicates that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable, an impairment loss would be recognized to reduce the asset’s carrying amount to its estimated fair value based on the present value of the estimated future cash flows.
Goodwill [Policy Text Block]	Goodwill
Self-insurance accruals [Policy Text Block]	Self-Insurance Accruals --We are generally self-insured for losses and liabilities related primarily to workers’ compensation, vehicle liability and general liability claims. We use commercial insurance as a risk-reduction strategy to minimize catastrophic losses. Self-insurance accruals consist of the projected settlement value of reported and unreported claims. Ultimate losses are accrued based upon estimates of the aggregate liability for claims incurred using certain actuarial assumptions followed in the insurance industry and based on Company-specific experience. Our self-insurance accruals include claims for which the ultimate losses will develop over a period of years. Estimating ultimate losses of reported and unreported claims is subject to a high degree of variability as it involves complex estimates that are generally derived using a variety of actuarial estimation techniques and numerous assumptions and expectations about future events, many of which are highly uncertain. Accordingly, our estimates of ultimate losses can change as claims mature. Our accruals also are affected by changes in the number of new claims incurred and claim severity. The methods for estimating the ultimate losses and the total cost of claims were determined by third-party consulting actuaries; the resulting accruals are reviewed by management, and any adjustments arising from changes in estimates are reflected in income. Our self-insurance accruals are based on estimates and, while we believe that the amounts accrued are adequate and not excessive, the ultimate claims may be in excess of or less than the amounts provided. Changes in claims incurred, claim severity, or other estimates and judgments used by management could have a material impact on the amount and timing of expense for any period.
Stock-based compensation [Policy Text Block]	Stock-Based Compensation - -Stock-based compensation cost for all share-based payment plans is measured at fair value on the date of grant and recognized over the employee service period on the straight-line recognition method for awards expected to vest. The fair value of all stock-based payment plans—stock option plans, stock-settled stock appreciation rights, and performance-based restricted stock units as well as our Employee Stock Purchase Plan—is determined by the number of awards granted and the price of our common stock. The fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using a binomial option-pricing model. The binomial model considers a range of assumptions related to volatility, risk-free interest rate and employee exercise behavior. Expected volatilities utilized in the binomial model are based on historical volatility of our share prices and other factors. Similarly, the dividend yield is based on historical experience and expected future changes. The binomial model also incorporates exercise assumptions based on an analysis of historical data. The expected life of the stock-based awards is derived from the output of the binomial model and represents the period of time that awards granted are expected to be outstanding.
Income taxes [Policy Text Block]	Income Taxes --We compute taxes on income in accordance with the tax rules and regulations where the income is earned. The income tax rates imposed by these taxing authorities vary. Taxable income may differ from pretax income for financial reporting purposes. We compute and recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of our assets and liabilities. Changes in tax rates and laws are reflected in income in the period when such changes are enacted. We account for uncertain tax positions by recognizing the financial statement effects of a tax position only when, based upon the technical merits, it is more-likely-than-not that the position will be sustained upon examination.
Earnings per share [Policy Text Block]	Earnings Per Share --Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing the income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed similarly to basic earnings per share except that the weighted-average number of shares is increased to include the effect of stock awards that were granted and outstanding during the period.
Concentration of credit risk [Policy Text Block]	Concentration of Credit Risk --Credit risk represents the accounting loss that would be recognized if the counterparties failed to perform as contracted. The principal financial instruments subject to credit risk are as follows: Cash --To limit our exposure, we transact our business and maintain banking relationships with high credit-quality financial institutions. Accounts Receivable --Our residential and commercial customers are located geographically throughout the United States and Canada and, as to commercial customers, within differing industries; thus, minimizing credit risk. The credit exposure of utility services customers is directly affected by conditions within the utility industries as well as the financial condition of individual customers. One utility customer approximated 9% of revenues during 2024, 10% in 2023 and 11% in 2022. To reduce credit risk, we evaluate the credit of customers, but generally do not require advance payments or collateral. Exposure to losses on receivables is principally dependent on each customer’s financial condition.
Foreign currency translation and transactions [Policy Text Block]	Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions --Assets and liabilities of our Canadian operations are translated into U.S. dollars using year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated using exchange rates as determined throughout the year. Gains or losses resulting from translation are included in the consolidated balance sheet, classified in shareholders’ equity as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Gains or losses resulting from Canadian-dollar transactions with the Canadian operations are converted to U.S. dollars at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. The effect of the transactions gain or loss is classified in the statement of operations as a component of other non-operating income (expense), net.
Comprehensive income (loss) [Policy Text Block]	Comprehensive Income (Loss) --Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income and other comprehensive income or loss. Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that under U.S. GAAP are included in comprehensive income but are excluded from net income as these amounts are recorded directly as an adjustment to shareholders’ equity, net of tax.
Business combinations [Policy Text Block]	The net assets of the businesses acquired are accounted for under the acquisition method and were recorded at their fair values at the dates of acquisition. The measurement period for purchase price allocations ends as soon as information of the facts and circumstances becomes available, but does not exceed one year from the acquisition date.
Revenue recognition [Policy Text Block]	We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Nature of Performance Obligations and Significant Judgments At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods and services promised in its contracts with customers and identifies a performance obligation for each promised good or service (or bundle of goods and services) that is distinct. To identify the performance obligations, the Company considers all of the goods or services promised in the contract regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices. A description of our performance obligations is included below. • Residential and Commercial Services - We provide a wide array of services for our residential and commercial customers including the treatment, preservation, maintenance, removal and planting of trees, shrubs and other plant life, landscaping, grounds maintenance, the application of fertilizer, herbicides and insecticides, natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development, and environmental planning. A contract with a customer may include only one of these services, all of these services, or a combination of these services. For contracts in which we provide all, or a combination of, these services, we believe that the nature of our promise is to provide an integrated property management service for our customer. In these contracts, the customer has effectively outsourced the care and maintenance of its property grounds to us during the duration of the contract as we are responsible for providing a continuous delivery of outsourced maintenance activities over the contract term. As such, for contracts that contain a combination of services, we have concluded that we have a single performance obligation, which is accounted for as a series of distinct services. • Utility Services - We provide a suite of vegetation management or arboricultural services to our utility customers (investor-owned, municipal utilities, and rural electric cooperatives) including the practice of line-clearing and vegetation management around power lines and rights-of-way, chemical brush control, natural resource management and consulting, forestry research and development, and environmental planning. A contract with a customer may include only one of these services, all of these services, or a combination of these services. For contracts in which we provide all, or a combination of, these services, we believe that the nature of our promise is to provide an integrated overall vegetation management service, rather than the performance of discrete activities or services for the customer. As such, for contracts that contain a combination of services, we have concluded that we have a single performance obligation, which is accounted for as a series of distinct services. Contracts with our customers generally originate upon the completion of a quote for services for residential and commercial customers or the receipt of a purchase order (or similar work order) for utility customers. In some cases, our contracts are governed by master services agreements, in which case our contract under ASC 606 consists of the combination of the master services agreement and the quote/purchase order. Many of our contracts have a stated duration of one year or less or contain termination clauses that allow the customer to cancel the contract after a specified notice period, which is typically less than 90 days. Due to the fact that many of our arrangements allow the customer to terminate for convenience, the duration of the contract for revenue recognition purposes generally does not extend beyond the services that we have actually transferred. As a result, many of our contracts are, in effect, day-to-day or month-to-month contracts. Revenue from our residential, commercial, and utility performance obligations is recognized over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of our services as we perform them. Many of our contracts compensate us based on an agreed upon price for each increment of service provided to the customer. Therefore, revenue is mainly recognized as each increment of service is provided to the customer at the amount to which we are contractually entitled. For contracts that contain a fixed price, we generally use a units-delivered based output method to measure progress. Revenue from our consulting services is also recognized over time and we use a cost-based input method to measure progress. Payment for our services is generally due within 30 days of such services being provided to the customer. The transaction price for our contracts is determined upon establishment of the contract that contains the final terms of the sale, including the description, quantity, and price of each service purchased. Certain of our contracts contain variable consideration, including index-based pricing, chargebacks, and prompt payment discounts. The Company estimates variable consideration and performs a constraint analysis for these contracts on the basis of both historical information and current trends. However, these types of variable consideration do not have a material effect on the Company’s revenue, either individually or in the aggregate. In addition, although our contracts generally include fixed pricing for each increment of service, the ultimate quantity of services that will be required in order to fulfill our performance obligations is unknown at contract inception. Therefore, our total transaction price ultimately varies based on the quantity and types of services provided to our customer. However, this type of variable consideration is allocated entirely to the distinct services within the series to which it relates.
Commitments and contingencies [Policy Text Block]	On a quarterly basis, we assess our liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings utilizing the latest information available. Where it is probable that we will incur a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, we record a liability in our consolidated financial statements. These accruals may be increased or decreased to reflect any relevant developments on a quarterly basis. Where a loss is not probable or the amount of the loss is not estimable, we do not record an accrual, consistent with applicable accounting guidance.

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Property, plant and equipment [Table Text Block]	Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes by the straight-line method for land improvements, building and leasehold improvements and by straight-line and declining-balance methods for equipment, based on the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows: Land improvements 5 to 20 years Buildings 5 to 30 years Equipment 3 to 20 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of lease term or estimated useful life; ranging from 5 to 20 years December 31, Property and equipment, net 2024 2023 Land and land improvements $ 30,041 $ 28,177 Buildings and leasehold improvements 141,445 99,964 Equipment 741,098 684,562 912,584 812,703 Less accumulated depreciation 511,923 500,025 Total $ 400,661 $ 312,678

Accounts Receivable, Net and _2

Accounts Receivable, Net and Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounts Receivable, Net and Supplemental Balance Sheet Information [Abstract]
Schedule of accounts receivable [Table Text Block]	Accounts receivable, net, consisted of the following: December 31, Accounts receivable, net 2024 2023 Accounts receivable $ 286,796 $ 263,426 Unbilled receivables (a) 116,491 99,485 403,287 362,911 Less allowances for credit losses 6,210 2,441 Total $ 397,077 $ 360,470
Schedule of other current assets [Table Text Block]	The following items comprised the amounts included in the balance sheets: December 31, Other current assets 2024 2023 Refundable income taxes $ 91 $ — Mitigation bank credit inventory 29,315 28,385 Assets invested for self-insurance 29,212 20,959 Payroll taxes refundable 10,131 22,591 Other 144 302 Total $ 68,893 $ 72,237
Property, plant and equipment [Table Text Block]	Depreciation is computed for financial reporting purposes by the straight-line method for land improvements, building and leasehold improvements and by straight-line and declining-balance methods for equipment, based on the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows: Land improvements 5 to 20 years Buildings 5 to 30 years Equipment 3 to 20 years Leasehold improvements Shorter of lease term or estimated useful life; ranging from 5 to 20 years December 31, Property and equipment, net 2024 2023 Land and land improvements $ 30,041 $ 28,177 Buildings and leasehold improvements 141,445 99,964 Equipment 741,098 684,562 912,584 812,703 Less accumulated depreciation 511,923 500,025 Total $ 400,661 $ 312,678
Schedule of other assets, noncurrent [Table Text Block]	December 31, Other assets, noncurrent 2024 2023 Investment--cost-method affiliate $ 1,406 $ 1,405 Deferred income taxes 3,780 6,001 Cloud computing arrangements 191 107 Other 7,827 4,362 Total $ 13,204 $ 11,875
Schedule of accrued expenses [Table Text Block]	December 31, Accrued expenses 2024 2023 Employee compensation $ 46,197 $ 40,656 Accrued compensated absences 16,175 14,483 Self-insured medical claims 2,359 2,309 Customer advances, deposits 1,449 1,275 Income taxes payable 3,948 1,135 Taxes, other than income 10,497 6,017 Other 16,235 16,069 Total $ 96,860 $ 81,944
Schedule of other liabilities, noncurrent [Table Text Block]	December 31, Other liabilities, noncurrent 2024 2023 Pension and retirement plans $ 6,060 $ 5,630 Other 7,986 6,096 Total $ 14,046 $ 11,726

Supplemental Cash Flow Inform_2

Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Supplemental cash flow information	Supplemental cash flow information follows: Year Ended December 31, Supplemental cash flow information 2024 2023 2022 Interest paid $ 23,928 $ 18,200 $ 5,855 Income taxes paid, net 17,657 29,677 18,367 Noncash transactions: Debt issued for purchases of businesses $ 6,351 $ 7,046 $ 7,445 Detail of acquisitions: Assets acquired: Cash $ 278 $ 249 $ 1,365 Accounts receivable 1,458 211 10,794 Mitigation bank credit inventory — — 6,351 Operating supplies 735 1,538 48 Prepaid expense — 141 126 Equipment 9,867 7,220 2,309 Other assets 1,322 2,658 412 Intangible assets 3,563 7,302 10,569 Goodwill 10,893 14,758 14,255 Liabilities assumed (2,900) (5,285) (15,592) Debt issued for purchases of businesses (6,351) (7,046) (7,445) Cash paid $ 18,865 $ 21,746 $ 23,192

Investments, Debt and Equity _2

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities Reconciliation	The following table summarizes available-for-sale debt securities by asset type: Available-For-Sale Debt Securities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Net Carrying Amount) December 31, 2024 Fixed maturity: United States Government and agency securities $ 45,701 $ 565 $ (86) $ 46,180 Corporate notes and bonds — — — — Total available-for-sale debt securities $ 45,701 $ 565 $ (86) $ 46,180 December 31, 2023 Fixed maturity: United States Government and agency securities $ 36,409 $ 411 $ (18) $ 36,802 Corporate notes and bonds 260 — — 260 Total available-for-sale debt securities $ 36,669 $ 411 $ (18) $ 37,062
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date	The net carrying values of available-for-sale debt securities at December 31, 2024 by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties. Amortized Cost Fair Value Due: Less than one year $ 26,133 $ 26,463 One year through five years 19,568 19,717 Six years through ten years — — After ten years — — Total $ 45,701 $ 46,180

Identified Intangible Assets _2

Identified Intangible Assets and Goodwill, Net (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of acquired finite-lived intangible assets by major class [Table Text Block]	The carrying amounts of the identified intangible assets and goodwill acquired in connection with our acquisitions were as follows: Weighted-Average December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Accumulated Carrying Accumulated Amortized intangible assets: Customer lists/relationships 3.2 years $ 43,713 $ 32,452 $ 41,679 $ 29,252 Employment-related 2.4 years 13,880 11,127 13,007 9,957 Tradenames 3.4 years 13,465 9,178 12,860 8,123 Amortized intangible assets 71,058 $ 52,757 67,546 $ 47,332 Less accumulated amortization 52,757 47,332 Intangible assets, net $ 18,301 $ 20,214 Goodwill $ 94,879 $ 84,800
Schedule of goodwill [Table Text Block]	The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill, by segment, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were as follows: Balance at January 1, 2024 Acquisitions Translation Balance at December 31, 2024 Utility $ 4,941 $ — $ — $ 4,941 Residential and Commercial 79,859 10,893 (814) 89,938 Total $ 84,800 $ 10,893 $ (814) $ 94,879 Balance at January 1, 2023 Acquisitions Translation Balance at December 31, 2023 Utility $ 4,941 $ — $ — $ 4,941 Residential and Commercial 65,166 14,758 (65) 79,859 Total $ 70,107 $ 14,758 $ (65) $ 84,800
Schedule of finite-lived intangible assets, future amortization expense [Table Text Block]	The aggregate amortization expense of intangible assets, as of December 31, 2024, in each of the next five years was as follows: Future Amortization Expense Year ending December 31, 2025 $ 4,890 2026 4,062 2027 3,479 2028 2,683 2029 2,160 Thereafter 1,027 $ 18,301

Short and Long-Term Debt and _2

Short and Long-Term Debt and Commitments Related to Letters of Credit (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of short-term debt [Table Text Block]	Short-term debt consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Notes payable $ 276 $ 543 Current portion of long-term debt 67,991 40,429 Current portion of finance leases 5,457 4,794 $ 73,724 $ 45,766
Schedule of long-term debt instruments [Table Text Block]	Long-term debt consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Revolving credit facility Swing-line borrowings $ 13,873 $ 6,616 SOFR borrowings 200,000 135,000 213,873 141,616 3.99% Senior unsecured notes 40,000 50,000 4.00% Senior unsecured notes 20,000 25,000 6.19% Senior unsecured notes 75,000 75,000 Term loans 59,063 32,442 407,936 324,058 Less debt issuance costs 1,290 452 Less current portion 67,991 40,429 $ 338,655 $ 283,177
Schedule of Maturities of Long-Term Debt	Aggregate maturities of long-term debt for the five years subsequent to December 31, 2024 were as follows: Amount Year ending December 31, 2025 $ 67,991 2026 34,127 2027 46,945 2028 45,000 2029 213,873 $ 407,936

Self-Insurance Accruals (Tables

Self-Insurance Accruals (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Self-Insurance Accruals [Abstract]
Schedule of self-insurance accruals	Components of our self-insurance accruals for workers’ compensation, vehicle liability and general liability were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Workers' compensation $ 59,564 $ 58,434 Vehicle liability 47,195 26,712 General liability 37,842 49,286 Total 144,601 134,432 Less current portion 58,509 50,379 Noncurrent portion $ 86,092 $ 84,053
Schedule of changes in self-insurance accruals	The changes in our self-insurance accruals are summarized in the table below. December 31, 2024 2023 Balance, beginning of year $ 134,432 134,147 Provision for claims 66,250 58,082 Payment of claims (56,081) (57,797) Balance, end of year $ 144,601 $ 134,432

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Schedule of assets and liabilities, leases	The following table summarizes the amounts recognized in our Consolidated Balance Sheet related to leases: Consolidated Balance Sheet Classification December 31, December 31, Assets Operating lease assets Right-of-use assets - operating leases $ 90,516 $ 110,248 Finance lease assets Property and equipment, net 17,567 18,613 Total lease assets $ 108,083 $ 128,861 Liabilities Current operating lease liabilities Current portion of operating lease liabilities $ 35,828 $ 39,043 Non-current operating lease liabilities Lease liabilities - operating leases 55,565 71,134 Total operating lease liabilities 91,393 110,177 Current portion of finance lease liabilities Current portion of long-term debt, finance lease liabilities and short-term debt 5,457 4,794 Non-current finance lease liabilities Lease liabilities - finance leases 12,221 13,544 Total finance lease liabilities 17,678 18,338 Total lease liabilities $ 109,071 $ 128,515
Lease, cost	The components of lease cost recognized within our Consolidated Statement of Operations were as follows: Year Ended Consolidated Statement December 31, December 31, Operating lease cost Operating expense $ 32,567 $ 31,945 Operating lease cost Selling expense 10,666 12,942 Operating lease cost General and administrative expense 1,078 1,159 Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets Depreciation 6,044 4,113 Interest expense on lease liabilities Interest expense 822 490 Other lease cost (a) Operating expense 9,019 7,957 Other lease cost (a) Selling expense 1,605 1,808 Other lease cost (a) General and administrative expense 57 45 Total lease cost $ 61,858 $ 60,459 (a) Other lease cost includes short-term lease costs and variable lease costs.
Supplemental cash flow information, leases	Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases Year Ended December 31, December 31, Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ (46,611) $ (45,184) Operating cash flows from finance leases (822) (485) Financing cash flows from finance leases (6,572) (3,973) Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases 26,621 47,331 Finance leases 6,140 9,598
Finance and operating lease, liability, maturity	Maturity Analysis of Lease Liabilities As of December 31, 2024 Operating Finance Year ending December 31, 2025 $ 38,920 $ 6,109 2026 27,110 5,337 2027 16,055 3,309 2028 8,143 2,296 2029 3,739 1,287 Thereafter 4,030 935 Total lease payments 97,997 19,273 Less interest 6,604 1,596 Total $ 91,393 $ 17,678

Common Shares, Redeemable Com_2

Common Shares, Redeemable Common Shares and Preferred Shares (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of stock by class [Table Text Block]	Common and Redeemable Shares Outstanding -- The table below reconciles the activity of the common and redeemable shares outstanding: Common Shares Redeemable Total Shares outstanding, December 31, 2022 33,529,474 9,188,010 42,717,484 Shares purchased (2,560,912) (1,412,062) (3,972,974) Shares sold 1,291,227 723,138 2,014,365 Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases 13,662 — 13,662 Options exercised 574,857 — 574,857 Shares outstanding, December 31, 2023 32,848,308 8,499,086 41,347,394 Shares purchased (2,316,533) (1,070,595) (3,387,128) Shares sold 828,451 685,643 1,514,094 Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases 47,037 — 47,037 Options exercised 953,385 — 953,385 Shares outstanding, December 31, 2024 32,360,648 8,114,134 40,474,782

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) [Table Text Block]	The following summarizes the components of other comprehensive income (loss) accumulated in shareholders’ equity: Foreign Available for Sale Securities Defined Accumulated Balance at January 1, 2022 $ (3,654) $ — $ (519) $ (4,173) Foreign currency translation adjustments (1,857) — — (1,857) Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities — (245) — (245) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — (8) 119 111 Tax effect — 54 (31) 23 Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans — — 705 705 Tax effect — — (152) (152) Net of tax amount (1,857) (199) 641 (1,415) Balance at December 31, 2022 $ (5,511) $ (199) $ 122 $ (5,588) Foreign currency translation adjustments 589 — — 589 Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities — 95 — 95 Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — 272 — 272 Tax effect — (76) — (76) Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans — — (103) (103) Tax effect — — 26 26 Net of tax amount 589 291 (77) 803 Balance at December 31, 2023 $ (4,922) $ 92 $ 45 $ (4,785) Foreign currency translation adjustments (1,959) — — (1,959) Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities — (56) — (56) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) — (48) 73 25 Tax effect — 22 (20) 2 Net of tax amount (1,959) (82) 53 (1,988) Balance at December 31, 2024 $ (6,881) $ 10 $ 98 $ (6,773)

Stock-Based Compensation (Table

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Disclosure of share-based compensation arrangements by share-based payment award	Stock-based compensation expense under all share-based payment plans—our Employee Stock Purchase Plan, stock option plans, stock-settled stock appreciation rights ("SSARs"), and restricted stock units ("RSUs")— was included in the results of operations as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Compensation expense, all share-based payment plans $ 8,568 $ 6,723 $ 7,930 Income tax benefit 1,780 1,293 1,722
Schedule of share-based compensation, restricted stock units award activity	The following table summarizes PRSUs and RSUs as of December 31, 2024: Restricted Stock Units Number of Weighted- Weighted- Unrecognized Aggregate Unvested, January 1, 2024 933,843 $ 16.02 Granted 243,045 21.95 Forfeited (10,296) 16.99 Vested (398,760) 15.17 Unvested, December 31, 2024 767,832 $ 18.32 1.2 years $ 5,307 $ 17,507 Employee PRSUs 730,201 $ 18.29 1.2 years $ 4,995 $ 16,649 Nonemployee Director RSUs 37,631 $ 18.97 1.2 years $ 312 $ 858
Schedule of share-based payment award, stock options, valuation assumptions	The fair values of stock-based awards granted were estimated at the dates of grant with the following weighted-average assumptions: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Volatility rate 9.5 % 9.6 % 9.7 % Risk-free interest rate 4.6 % 4.1 % 1.7 % Expected dividend yield .4 % .4 % .4 % Expected life of awards (years) 3.0 3.0 3.0
Schedule of share-based compensation, stock options, activity	The following table summarizes activity under the stock option plans for the year ended December 31, 2024: Stock Options Number of Weighted- Weighted- Unrecognized Aggregate Outstanding, January 1, 2024 1,688,831 $ 9.04 Granted — — Exercised (327,523) 7.57 Forfeited (82,510) 6.83 Outstanding, December 31, 2024 1,278,798 $ 9.56 3.0 years $ 37 $ 16,931 Exercisable, December 31, 2024 1,208,839 $ 9.41 2.9 years $ 16,186
Schedule of share-based compensation, shares authorized under stock option plans, by exercise price range	Information regarding the stock options outstanding at December 31, 2024 is summarized below: Stock Options Number Weighted-Average Weighted- Number Weighted- Employee options: $ 7.53 195,200 0.5 years $ 7.53 195,200 $ 7.53 8.18 260,050 1.5 years 8.18 260,050 8.18 8.80 167,400 2.5 years 8.80 167,400 8.80 9.55 181,950 3.5 years 9.55 181,950 9.55 10.55 35,825 4.2 years 10.55 35,825 10.55 10.55 170,788 4.5 years 10.55 170,788 10.55 12.10 45,220 5.2 years 12.10 33,861 12.10 12.10 222,365 5.5 years 12.10 163,765 12.10 1,278,798 3.0 years $ 9.56 1,208,839 $ 9.41

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of income before income tax, domestic and foreign [Table Text Block]	Income (loss) before income taxes was attributable to the following sources: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 United States $ 90,977 $ 99,116 $ 90,379 Canada (1,786) (1,879) (5,180) Total $ 89,191 $ 97,237 $ 85,199
Schedule of components of income tax expense (benefit) [Table Text Block]	The provision for income taxes follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Current provision (benefit): Federal $ 16,424 $ 17,708 $ 18,795 State 5,314 6,275 7,173 Canadian (25) (62) 11 Total current 21,713 23,921 25,979 Deferred taxes 2,682 1,175 (2,070) Total taxes on income $ 24,395 $ 25,096 $ 23,909
Schedule of effective income tax rate reconciliation [Table Text Block]	A reconciliation of the expected statutory U.S. federal rate to our actual effective income tax rate follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Statutory U.S. federal tax rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 % State income taxes, net of federal benefit 5.3 5.4 6.1 Effect of Canadian income taxes 1.1 — (.2) Nondeductible expenses 2.4 .7 1.9 Stock compensation (1.6) (.8) (.8) ESOP dividend deduction (.2) (.2) (.2) Uncertain tax adjustments and audit settlement — .1 — Valuation allowance (1.0) (.3) — Nondeductible compensation 1.1 .4 .7 Other, net (.7) (.5) (.3) Effective income tax rate 27.4 % 25.8 % 28.2 %
Deferred tax assets and liabilities, noncurrent [Table Text Block]	Significant components of our noncurrent net deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: Self-insurance accruals $ 30,263 $ 28,198 Accrued compensated absences 2,370 2,451 Accrued expenses and other liabilities 984 880 Accrued stock compensation 3,959 4,093 Foreign tax credit carryforward 401 1,359 Lease obligations 18,055 21,958 Intangibles — 81 Other future deductible amounts, net 9,590 5,236 65,622 64,256 Less deferred tax asset valuation allowance 968 864 64,654 63,392 Deferred tax liabilities: Intangibles 2,452 — Prepaid expenses 5,549 5,874 Lease right of use assets 17,888 21,986 Property and equipment 34,985 29,531 60,874 57,391 Net deferred tax asset--noncurrent $ 3,780 $ 6,001
Summary of unrecognized income tax benefits [Table Text Block]	The balance of unrecognized benefits and the amount of related interest and penalties at December 31, were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Unrecognized tax benefits $ 2,126 $ 1,022 Portion, if recognized, would reduce tax expense and effective tax rate 363 369 Accrued interest on unrecognized tax benefits 51 47
Schedule of unrecognized tax benefits roll forward [Table Text Block]	The changes in our unrecognized tax benefits are summarized in the table below: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Balance, beginning of year $ 1,022 $ 638 $ 700 Additions based on tax positions related to the current year 1,205 436 24 Additions for tax positions of prior years — 39 — Reductions for tax positions of prior years (22) — (8) Lapses in statutes of limitations (79) (91) (78) Balance, end of year $ 2,126 $ 1,022 $ 638

Earnings Per Share Information

Earnings Per Share Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of earnings per share calculation [Table Text Block]	Earnings per share was computed as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Income available to common shareholders: Net income $ 64,796 $ 72,140 $ 61,290 Weighted-average shares: Basic: Outstanding 41,126,770 42,192,411 43,890,081 Partially-paid share subscriptions 1,165,550 1,259,250 557,594 Basic weighted-average shares 42,292,320 43,451,661 44,447,675 Diluted: Basic from above 42,292,320 43,451,661 44,447,675 Incremental shares from assumed: Exercise of stock subscription purchase rights 85,948 37,638 — Exercise of stock options and awards 1,755,379 2,048,399 2,289,696 Diluted weighted-average shares 44,133,647 45,537,698 46,737,371 Share data: Earnings per share--basic $ 1.53 $ 1.66 $ 1.38 Earnings per share--diluted $ 1.47 $ 1.58 $ 1.31

Operations by Business Segmen_2

Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Information Operations by business segment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of segment reporting information, by segment [Table Text Block]	Information on reportable segments and reconciliation to the consolidated financial statements follows: Utility Residential Total Reportable Segments All Consolidated Fiscal Year 2024 Revenues $ 1,012,957 $ 820,375 $ 1,833,332 $ 8,355 $ 1,841,687 Less: Payroll expense 436,080 345,797 Equipment and fuel expense 67,297 55,539 Subcontractor expense 95,406 64,355 Other segment expenses (a) 335,800 276,749 30,641 Income (loss) from operations, reportable segments $ 78,374 $ 77,935 $ 156,309 $ (22,286) 134,023 Unallocated costs (b) (19,339) Income from operations 114,684 Interest expense (20,331) Interest income 3,216 Other income (expense), net (8,378) Income before income taxes $ 89,191 Depreciation $ 23,140 $ 32,366 $ 55,506 $ 9,056 (c) $ 64,562 Amortization 1,536 3,896 5,432 — 5,432 Capital expenditures 28,817 66,157 94,974 50,543 (d) 145,517 Segment assets, total 409,554 372,041 781,595 625,956 (e) 1,407,551 Utility Residential Total Reportable Segments All Consolidated Fiscal Year 2023 Revenues $ 934,977 $ 754,455 1,689,432 $ 4,049 $ 1,693,481 Less: Payroll expense 419,242 323,325 Equipment and fuel expense 69,105 53,151 Subcontractor expense 68,491 58,805 Other segment expenses (a) 314,725 247,352 16,260 Income (loss) from operations, reportable segments $ 63,414 $ 71,822 $ 135,236 $ (12,211) 123,025 Unallocated costs (b) (8,818) Income from operations 114,207 Interest expense (13,745) Interest income 1,894 Other income (expense), net (5,120) Income before income taxes $ 97,236 Depreciation $ 21,565 $ 29,843 $ 51,408 $ 2,163 (c) $ 53,571 Amortization 1,873 3,199 5,072 — 5,072 Capital expenditures 21,716 43,147 64,863 22,459 (d) 87,322 Segment assets, total 399,059 367,745 766,804 514,256 (e) 1,281,060 Fiscal Year 2022 Revenues $ 840,553 $ 666,972 $ 1,507,525 $ 3,556 $ 1,511,081 Less: Payroll expense 383,220 295,850 Equipment and fuel expense 70,616 51,305 Subcontractor expense 50,532 44,433 Other segment expenses (a) 273,918 217,074 18,549 Income (loss) from operations, reportable segments $ 62,267 $ 58,310 $ 120,577 $ (14,993) 105,584 Unallocated costs (b) (5,348) Income from operations 100,236 Interest expense (6,129) Interest income 955 Other income (expense), net (9,863) Income before income taxes $ 85,199 Depreciation $ 22,791 $ 26,294 $ 49,085 $ 2,884 (c) $ 51,969 Amortization 776 2,452 3,228 — 3,228 Capital expenditures 26,178 44,173 70,351 18,387 (d) 88,738 Segment assets, total 362,399 313,401 675,800 280,421 (e) 956,221 Reconciling adjustments from segment reporting to consolidated external financial reporting include unallocated corporate items: (a) Other segment expenses include occupancy costs, travel, insurance, depreciation and amortization, selling expenses and all other operating expenses. (b) Reclassification of depreciation expense and allocation of corporate expenses. (c) Adjustments to declining-balance method depreciation expense from straight-line method and depreciation and amortization of corporate assets. (d) Capital expenditures for corporate facilities and enterprise-wide information systems. (e) Corporate assets include cash, prepaid expenses, corporate facilities, enterprise-wide information systems and other nonoperating assets.
Schedule of revenue from external customers and long-lived assets attributed to foreign countries by geographic area [Table Text Block]	Geographic Information -- The following presents revenues, based on where the service was performed, and long-lived assets by geographic territory: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Revenues United States $ 1,741,143 $ 1,594,546 $ 1,426,019 Canada 100,544 98,935 85,062 $ 1,841,687 $ 1,693,481 $ 1,511,081 December 31, 2024 2023 2022 Long-lived assets, net United States $ 835,648 $ 741,294 $ 484,740 Canada 32,950 33,086 29,217 $ 868,598 $ 774,380 $ 513,957

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

Revenue Recognition (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue Recognition [Abstract]
Disaggregation of revenue [Table Text Block]	The following tables disaggregate our revenue for the years ended December 31, 2024, December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 by major sources: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Utility Residential and Commercial All Other Consolidated Type of service: Tree and plant care $ 626,960 $ 431,681 $ (93) $ 1,058,548 Grounds maintenance — 200,096 — 200,096 Storm damage services 49,267 31,903 — 81,170 Consulting and other 336,730 156,695 8,448 501,873 Total revenues $ 1,012,957 $ 820,375 $ 8,355 $ 1,841,687 Geography: United States $ 959,976 $ 772,812 $ 8,355 $ 1,741,143 Canada 52,981 47,563 — 100,544 Total revenues $ 1,012,957 $ 820,375 $ 8,355 $ 1,841,687 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Utility Residential and Commercial All Other Consolidated Type of service: Tree and plant care $ 563,222 $ 411,508 $ (756) $ 973,974 Grounds maintenance — 185,994 — 185,994 Storm damage services 12,049 13,123 — 25,172 Consulting and other 359,706 143,830 4,805 508,341 Total revenues $ 934,977 $ 754,455 $ 4,049 $ 1,693,481 Geography: United States $ 881,428 $ 709,069 $ 4,049 $ 1,594,546 Canada 53,549 45,386 — 98,935 Total revenues $ 934,977 $ 754,455 $ 4,049 $ 1,693,481 Year Ended December 31, 2022 Utility Residential and Commercial All Other Consolidated Type of service: Tree and plant care $ 545,048 $ 383,148 $ (174) $ 928,022 Grounds maintenance — 169,948 — 169,948 Storm damage services 21,437 9,665 — 31,102 Consulting and other 274,068 104,211 3,730 382,009 Total revenues $ 840,553 $ 666,972 $ 3,556 $ 1,511,081 Geography: United States $ 800,590 $ 621,873 $ 3,556 $ 1,426,019 Canada 39,963 45,099 — 85,062 Total revenues $ 840,553 $ 666,972 $ 3,556 $ 1,511,081
Contract with customer, asset and liability [Table Text Block]	Net contract liabilities consisted of the following: December 31, December 31, Contract liabilities - current $ 3,756 $ 3,430 Contract liabilities - noncurrent 4,655 3,700 Net contract liabilities $ 8,411 $ 7,130

Fair Value Measurements and F_2

Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair value, assets measured on recurring basis [Table Text Block]	Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were as follows: Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2024 Using: Total Quoted Significant Significant Description December 31, 2024 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Assets invested for self-insurance Certificates of deposits, current $ 2,750 $ 2,750 $ — $ — Certificates of deposits, noncurrent 750 750 — — Available-for-sale debt securities: United States Government and agency securities 46,180 46,180 — — Total available-for-sale debt securities 46,180 46,180 — — Marketable equity securities: Mutual funds 19,491 19,491 — — Exchange traded funds 1,727 1,727 — — Total marketable equity securities 21,218 21,218 — — Liabilities: Deferred compensation $ 1,482 $ — $ — $ 1,482 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2023 Using: Total Quoted Significant Significant Description December 31, 2023 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Assets: Assets invested for self-insurance Certificates of deposits, current $ 2,859 $ 2,859 $ — $ — Certificates of deposits, noncurrent 3,500 3,500 — — Available-for-sale debt securities: United States Government and agency securities 36,802 36,802 — — Corporate notes and bonds 260 260 — — Total available-for-sale debt securities 37,062 37,062 — — Marketable equity securities: Mutual funds 6,842 6,842 — — Corporate stocks 3,780 3,780 — — Exchange traded funds 1,480 1,480 — — Total marketable equity securities 12,102 12,102 — — Liabilities: Deferred compensation $ 1,572 $ — $ — $ 1,572
Fair value, by balance sheet grouping [Table Text Block]	Financial instruments classified as noncurrent assets and liabilities and their carrying values and fair values were as follows: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Assets: Available-for-sale debt securities $ 46,180 $ 46,180 $ 37,062 $ 37,062 Marketable equity securities 21,218 21,218 12,102 12,102 Liabilities: Revolving credit facility, noncurrent 213,873 213,873 141,616 141,616 Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent 120,000 117,486 135,000 130,959 Term loans, noncurrent 6,072 6,065 7,012 7,252 Total $ 339,945 $ 337,424 $ 283,628 $ 279,827

Our Business Reportable segment

Our Business Reportable segments (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment reporting, disclosure of entity's reportable segments
Number of reportable segments	2

Summary of Significant Accoun_4

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024
Minimum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Intangible assets, estimated useful life (in years)	1 year
Maximum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Intangible assets, estimated useful life (in years)	7 years
Land improvements | Minimum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	5 years
Land improvements | Maximum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	20 years
Buildings | Minimum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	5 years
Buildings | Maximum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	30 years
Equipment | Minimum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	3 years
Equipment | Maximum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	20 years
Leasehold improvements | Minimum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	5 years
Leasehold improvements | Maximum
Property, plant and equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, estimated useful lives (in years)	20 years

Summary of Significant Accoun_5

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Goodwill impairment (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Goodwill, impairment loss	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

Summary of Significant Accoun_6

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Concentration of Risk (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Customer concentration risk | Revenue | Pacific Gas & Electric
Concentration risk, percentage	9%	10%	11%

Business Combinations (Details)

Business Combinations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Business acquisition [Line Items]
Investments in businesses	$ 28,116	$ 34,077	$ 46,229
Liabilities assumed	(2,900)	(5,285)	(15,592)
Debt issued for purchases of businesses	(6,351)	(7,046)	(7,445)
Goodwill	10,893	14,758	14,255
Goodwill acquired during period, tax deductible amount	10,892	14,758	14,255
Cash	278	249	1,365
Accounts receivable	1,458	211	10,794
Mitigation bank credit inventory	0	0	6,351
Operating supplies	735	1,538	48
Prepaid expense	0	141	126
Equipment	9,867	7,220	2,309
Other assets	1,322	2,658	412
Intangible assets	3,563	7,302	10,569
Cash paid	$ 18,865	$ 21,746	$ 23,192
Customer Lists [Member]
Business acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets, estimated useful life (in years)	7 years
Tradenames
Business acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets, estimated useful life (in years)	7 years
Noncompete agreements [Member]
Business acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets, estimated useful life (in years)	5 years

Accounts Receivable, Net and _3

Accounts Receivable, Net and Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, net
Accounts receivable		$ 286,796	$ 263,426
Unbilled receivables (a)	[1]	116,491	99,485
Accounts receivable, gross, current		403,287	362,911
Less allowances for credit losses		6,210	2,441
Accounts receivable, net		397,077	360,470
Other current assets
Refundable income taxes		91	0
Mitigation bank credit inventory		29,315	28,385
Assets invested for self-insurance		29,212	20,959
Payroll taxes refundable		10,131	22,591
Other		144	302
Other current assets, total		68,893	72,237
Property, plant and equipment
Land and land improvements		30,041	28,177
Buildings and leasehold improvements		141,445	99,964
Equipment		741,098	684,562
Property and equipment		912,584	812,703
Less accumulated depreciation		511,923	500,025
Property and equipment, net		400,661	312,678
Interest Paid, Including Capitalized Interest, Operating and Investing Activities		4,307	4,961
Other assets, noncurrent
Investment--cost-method affiliate		1,406	1,405
Net deferred tax asset--noncurrent		3,780	6,001
Cloud computing arrangements		191	107
Other		7,827	4,362
Other assets, noncurrent, total		13,204	11,875
Accrued expenses
Employee compensation		46,197	40,656
Accrued compensated absences		16,175	14,483
Self-insured medical claims		2,359	2,309
Contract with customer, liability, customer deposits, current		1,449	1,275
Income taxes payable		3,948	1,135
Taxes, other than income		10,497	6,017
Other		16,235	16,069
Accrued expenses, total		96,860	81,944
Other liabilities, noncurrent
Pension and retirement plans		6,060	5,630
Other Sundry Liabilities, Noncurrent		7,986	6,096
Other liabilities, noncurrent, total		$ 14,046	$ 11,726
[1]Unbilled receivables consist of work-in-process in accordance with the terms of contracts, primarily with utility services customers.

Supplemental Cash Flow Inform_3

Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Interest paid	$ 23,928	$ 18,200	$ 5,855
Supplemental cash flow information
Income taxes paid, net	17,657	29,677	18,367
Noncash transactions:
Debt issued for purchases of businesses	(6,351)	(7,046)	(7,445)
Detail of acquisitions:
Cash	278	249	1,365
Accounts receivable	1,458	211	10,794
Mitigation bank credit inventory	0	0	6,351
Operating supplies	735	1,538	48
Prepaid expense	0	141	126
Equipment	9,867	7,220	2,309
Other assets	1,322	2,658	412
Intangible assets	3,563	7,302	10,569
Goodwill	10,893	14,758	14,255
Liabilities assumed	2,900	5,285	15,592
Cash paid	$ 18,865	$ 21,746	$ 23,192

Investments, Debt and Equity _3

Investments, Debt and Equity Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost	$ 45,701	$ 36,669
Gross unrealized gains	565	411
Gross unrealized loss	86	18
Fair value (net carrying amount)	46,180	37,062
Marketable equity securities	21,218	12,102
Less than one year	26,133
One year through five years	19,568
Six years through ten years	0
After ten years	0
Total	45,701
Less than one year	26,463
One year through five years	19,717
Six years through ten years	0
After ten years	0
Total	46,180
United States Government and agency securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost	45,701	36,409
Gross unrealized gains	565	411
Gross unrealized loss	86	18
Fair value (net carrying amount)	46,180	36,802
Corporate notes and bonds
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Amortized cost	0	260
Gross unrealized gains	0	0
Gross unrealized loss	0	0
Fair value (net carrying amount)	$ 0	$ 260

Identified Intangible Assets _3

Identified Intangible Assets and Goodwill, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets [line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	$ 71,058	$ 67,546
Accumulated amortization	52,757	47,332
Intangible assets, net	18,301	20,214
Goodwill	$ 94,879	84,800	$ 70,107
Customer Lists [Member]
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets [line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, remaining amortization period	3 years 2 months 12 days
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	$ 43,713	41,679
Accumulated amortization	$ 32,452	29,252
Employment-related
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets [line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, remaining amortization period	2 years 4 months 24 days
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	$ 13,880	13,007
Accumulated amortization	$ 11,127	9,957
Tradenames
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets [line Items]
Finite-lived intangible assets, remaining amortization period	3 years 4 months 24 days
Finite-lived intangible assets, gross	$ 13,465	12,860
Accumulated amortization	$ 9,178	$ 8,123

Identified Intangible Assets _4

Identified Intangible Assets and Goodwill, Net Schedule of Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, balance at January 1	$ 84,800	$ 70,107
Goodwill, acquisitions	10,893	14,758	$ 14,255
Goodwill, translation and other adjustments	(814)	(65)
Goodwill, balance at December 31	94,879	84,800	70,107
Utility
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, balance at January 1	4,941	4,941
Goodwill, acquisitions	0	0
Goodwill, translation and other adjustments	0	0
Goodwill, balance at December 31	4,941	4,941	4,941
Residential and Commercial
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Goodwill, balance at January 1	79,859	65,166
Goodwill, acquisitions	10,893	14,758
Goodwill, translation and other adjustments	(814)	(65)
Goodwill, balance at December 31	$ 89,938	$ 79,859	$ 65,166

Identified Intangible Assets _5

Identified Intangible Assets and Goodwill, Net (Future Amortization of Intangibles) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-lived intangible assets, net, amortization expense, fiscal year maturity [Abstract]
Year ending December 31, 2025	$ 4,890
2026	4,062
2027	3,479
2028	2,683
2029	2,160
Thereafter	1,027
Intangible assets, net	$ 18,301	$ 20,214

Short and Long-Term Debt and _3

Short and Long-Term Debt and Commitments Related to Letters of Credit Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable	$ 276	$ 543
Current portion of finance leases	5,457	4,794
Short-term debt	73,724	45,766
Revolving credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	150,000
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	213,873	141,616
Term loans	59,063	32,442
Long-term debt, total	407,936	324,058
Less debt issuance costs	1,290	452
Less current portion	67,991	40,429
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities	$ 338,655	283,177
Minimum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.10%
Maximum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.225%
Swing-line borrowings [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	$ 13,873	6,616
Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	0.10%
Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Base rate, federal funds [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	0.50%
3.99% Senior unsecured notes [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	$ 40,000	50,000
4.00% Senior unsecured notes [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	20,000	25,000
Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	200,000	135,000
6.19% Senior unsecured notes
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	75,000	75,000
Letter of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	100,050	94,702
Letter of credit [Member] | Accounts receivable securitization [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	125,000
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 97,104	$ 89,689
Letter of credit [Member] | Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Minimum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.35%
Letter of credit [Member] | Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Maximum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.45%
Line of credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	1.50%
Line of credit [Member] | Base rate, federal funds [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	0.50%
Line of credit [Member] | Minimum | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	0.875%
Line of credit [Member] | Maximum | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Basis Spread on Variable Rate	1.50%

Short and Long-Term Debt and _4

Short and Long-Term Debt and Commitments Related to Letters of Credit Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Committed under credit facility	$ 10,443
Revolving credit facility, current borrowing capacity	400,000
Revolving credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 150,000
Number of principal payments	5
Anniversary when principal payments begin	6
Debt Instrument, Annual Principal Payment	$ 10,000
Unused commitments under credit facility	183,503
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	$ 213,873	$ 141,616
Long-term debt, weighted average interest rate	5.80%	5.19%
Long-term debt, fiscal year maturity [Abstract]
2025	$ 67,991
2026	34,127
2027	46,945
2028	45,000
2029	213,873
Long-term debt, total	407,936	$ 324,058
Debt Instrument, Adjustment To EBITDA, Maximum Amount	$ 55,000
Minimum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.10%
Maximum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.225%
Line of credit [Member]
Long-term debt, fiscal year maturity [Abstract]
Line of credit facility amount committed	$ 216,497
Letter of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 100,050	94,702
Base rate, federal funds [Member] | Line of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings interest rate margin adjustment range	0.50%
Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Line of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings interest rate margin adjustment range	1.50%
Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Line of credit [Member] | Minimum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings interest rate margin adjustment range	0.875%
Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Line of credit [Member] | Maximum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings interest rate margin adjustment range	1.50%
Swing-line borrowings [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility, current borrowing capacity	$ 50,000
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	13,873	6,616
Line of credit [Member] | Letter of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	322	2,389
3.99% Senior unsecured notes [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	$ 40,000	50,000
Senior unsecured notes, interest rate	3.99%
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	$ 50,000
4.00% Senior unsecured notes [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	$ 20,000	25,000
Senior unsecured notes, interest rate	4%
Unsecured debt additional shelf note capacity	$ 25,000
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Minimum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Interest coverage ratio	3
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Maximum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Ratio of Indebtedness to Net Capital	3.25
Revolving credit facility [Member] | Letter of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 2,624	2,624
Accounts receivable securitization [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, interest rate	0.90%
Unused commitment fee threshold percent	0.50
Debt instrument variable rate base rate calculation, default rate	2%
Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Letter of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility, current borrowing capacity	$ 125,000
Revolving credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	125,000
Letters of credit outstanding	$ 97,104	89,689
Debt instrument, term (in years)	1 year
Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Letter of credit [Member] | Minimum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.35%
Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Letter of credit [Member] | Maximum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Unused Capacity, Commitment Fee Percentage	0.45%
Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Base rate, federal funds [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings interest rate margin adjustment range	0.50%
Accounts receivable securitization [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings interest rate margin adjustment range	0.10%
Long-term debt, fiscal year maturity [Abstract]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Increase (Decrease)	1%
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Increase (Decrease)	1%
Unsecured Debt
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	$ 135,000
Debt Instrument, Face Amount	75,000
Unsecured debt additional shelf note capacity allowed by credit facility	115,000
Long-term debt, fiscal year maturity [Abstract]
Unsecured debt, current borrowing capacity	250,000
6.19% Senior unsecured notes
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	$ 75,000	$ 75,000
Senior unsecured notes, interest rate	6.19%
Line of credit [Member] | Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap Rate | Maximum
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Outstanding borrowings interest rate margin adjustment range	1.86%
Letter of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 150,000
Line of credit [Member]
Debt instrument [Line Items]
Revolving credit facility, current borrowing capacity	11,041
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	$ 276

Self-Insurance Accruals (Detail

Self-Insurance Accruals (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Self-Insurance Accruals [Abstract]
Workers' compensation	$ 59,564	$ 58,434
Vehicle liability	47,195	26,712
General liability	37,842	49,286
Total	144,601	134,432
Less current portion	58,509	50,379
Noncurrent portion	86,092	84,053
Loss contingency accrual
Balance, beginning of year	134,432	134,147
Provision for claims	66,250	58,082
Payment of claims	(56,081)	(57,797)
Balance, end of year	$ 144,601	$ 134,432

Leases Assets and liabilities l

Leases Assets and liabilities leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Schedule of lease assets and liabilities [Line Items]
Operating lease assets	$ 90,516	$ 110,248
Finance lease assets	17,567	18,613
Total lease assets	108,083	128,861
Current operating lease liabilities	35,828	39,043
Non-current operating lease liabilities	55,565	71,134
Total operating lease liabilities	91,393	110,177
Current portion of finance lease liabilities	5,457	4,794
Non-current finance lease liabilities	12,221	13,544
Total finance lease liabilities	17,678	18,338
Total lease liabilities	$ 109,071	$ 128,515

Leases Lease cost (Details)

Leases Lease cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income and expenses, lessee [Line Items]
Amortization of right-of-use assets		$ 6,044	$ 4,113
Interest expense on lease liabilities		822	490
Total lease cost		61,858	60,459
Operating expense [Member]
Income and expenses, lessee [Line Items]
Operating lease cost		32,567	31,945
Other lease cost	[1]	9,019	7,957
Selling expense [Member]
Income and expenses, lessee [Line Items]
Operating lease cost		10,666	12,942
Other lease cost	[1]	1,605	1,808
General and administrative expense [Member]
Income and expenses, lessee [Line Items]
Operating lease cost		1,078	1,159
Other lease cost	[1]	$ 57	$ 45
[1] (a) Other lease cost includes short-term lease costs and variable lease costs.

Leases Weighted average remaini

Leases Weighted average remaining lease term (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term	3 years 4 months 24 days
Finance lease, weighted average remaining lease term	3 years 10 months 24 days

Leases Weighted average interes

Leases Weighted average interest rate (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent	4.29%
Finance lease, weighted average discount rate, percent	4.65%

Leases Supplemental cash flow i

Leases Supplemental cash flow information for leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract]
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 46,611	$ 45,184
Operating cash flows from finance leases	822	485
Lessee, Finance Lease, Variable Lease Payment, Terms and Conditions	6,572	3,973	$ 2,987
Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liability	26,621	47,331
Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for finance lease liability	$ 6,140	$ 9,598

Leases (Details)

Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Year ending December 31, 2025	$ 38,920
2026	27,110
2027	16,055
2028	8,143
2029	3,739
Thereafter	4,030
Total lease payments	97,997
Less interest	6,604
Total	91,393	$ 110,177
Year ending December 31, 2025	6,109
2026	5,337
2027	3,309
2028	2,296
2029	1,287
Thereafter	935
Total lease payments	19,273
Less interest	1,596
Total	$ 17,678	$ 18,338

Common Shares, Redeemable Com_3

Common Shares, Redeemable Common Shares and Preferred Shares Common shares outstanding (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Preferred shares
Preferred stock, shares authorized	4,000,000
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0
Preferred stock, shares issued	0
Common stock, number of shares, par value and other disclosures [Abstract]
Common stock, shares authorized	96,000,000	96,000,000
Redeemable stock, outstanding	8,114,134	8,499,086
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.50	$ 0.50
Common stock, shares issued	77,713,386	77,328,434	76,639,510
Treasury stock, shares	45,352,738	44,480,126	43,110,036
Shares purchased, value	$ 76,137	$ 78,076	$ 75,694
Common shares, direct sales	131,435
Common shares, value, direct sales	$ 2,801
Stock issued during period, shares, employee benefit plan	260,347
Stock issued during period, value, employee retirement plan	$ 5,758
Common shares, employer matching contribution, shares	502,459
Employee retirement plan, employer match	$ 11,300
Accrued 401K match	$ 2,855
Stock issued during period, shares, employee stock purchase plan	619,853
Increase (decrease) in stockholders' equity [Roll Forward]
Shares outstanding, beginning of year	41,347,394	42,717,484
Shares purchased	(3,387,128)	(3,972,974)
Shares sold	1,514,094	2,014,365
Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases	47,037	13,662
Options exercised	953,385	574,857
Shares outstanding, end of year	40,474,782	41,347,394	42,717,484
Stock subscription offering, number of partially-paid subscriptions	1,165,550
Stock subscription offering, number of rights outstanding	404,430
Per share amounts and common shares outstanding [Abstract]
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options, exercisable, number	1,208,839
Stock subscription offering, number of rights outstanding	404,430
Treasury stock [Member]
Common stock, number of shares, par value and other disclosures [Abstract]
Shares purchased, value	$ 76,137	$ 78,076	$ 75,694
Employee stock option
Per share amounts and common shares outstanding [Abstract]
Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options, exercisable, number	1,208,839

Common Shares, Redeemable Com_4

Common Shares, Redeemable Common Shares and Preferred Shares Stock subscription (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Stock subscription offering [Abstract]
Stock subscription offering, subscription price | $ / shares	$ 18.10
Stock subscription offering, number of shares subscribed	1,476,250
stock subscription offering, value of shares subscribed | $	$ 26,720,000
Stock subscription offering, minimum financed amount | $	$ 5,000
Stock subscription offering, down payment	10%
Stock subscription offering, term	7 years
Stock subscription offering interest rate	3.15%
Stock subscription offering, minimum amount to receive right | $	$ 5,000
stock subscription offering, number of shares purchased to receive one right	3
Stock subscription offering, number of rights issued	489,169
Stock subscription offering, right expiration term	7 years
Stock subscription offering, total number of shares offered	2,666,667

Common Shares, Redeemable Com_5

Common Shares, Redeemable Common Shares and Preferred Shares Common shares by class (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares, Outstanding	40,474,782	41,347,394	42,717,484
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired	(3,387,128)	(3,972,974)
Shares sold	1,514,094	2,014,365
Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases	47,037	13,662
Options exercised	953,385	574,857
Permanent equity [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares, Outstanding	32,360,648	32,848,308	33,529,474
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired	(2,316,533)	(2,560,912)
Shares sold	828,451	1,291,227
Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases	47,037	13,662
Options exercised	953,385	574,857
Temporary equity [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares, Outstanding	8,114,134	8,499,086	9,188,010
Treasury Stock, Shares, Acquired	(1,070,595)	(1,412,062)
Shares sold	685,643	723,138
Stock subscription offering, employee cash purchases	0	0
Options exercised	0	0

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_3

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	$ (6,773)	$ (4,785)	$ (5,588)	$ (4,173)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(1,959)	589	(1,857)
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities	(56)	95	(245)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	25	272	111
Tax effect	2	(76)	23
Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans		(103)	705
Tax effect		26	(152)
Net of tax amount	(1,988)	803	(1,415)
Foreign currency translation adjustments [Member]
Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(6,881)	(4,922)	(5,511)	(3,654)
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities	0	0	0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	0	0	0
Tax effect	0	0	0
Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans		0	0
Tax effect		0	0
Net of tax amount	(1,959)	589	(1,857)
Defined benefit pension plans [Member]
Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	98	45	122	(519)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	0	0	0
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities	0	0	0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	73	0	119
Tax effect	(20)	0	(31)
Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans		(103)	705
Tax effect		26	(152)
Net of tax amount	53	(77)	641
AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Parent
Other Comprehensive Income [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	10	92	(199)	$ 0
Foreign currency translation adjustments	0	0	0
Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities	56	(95)	245
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(48)	272	(8)
Tax effect	22	(76)	54
Unrecognized amounts from defined benefit pension plans		0	0
Tax effect		0	0
Net of tax amount	$ (82)	$ 291	$ (199)

The Davey 401KSOP and Employe_2

The Davey 401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan [Abstract]
Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP), initial shares in ESOP	120,000
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), shares adjusted for stock splits	46,080,000
Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP), initial value in ESOP	$ 2,700
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees gross pay	4%
Defined contribution plan, eligible age	21 years
Defined contribution plan, service requirement for eligibility (in years)	1 year
Number of put option periods	2
Duration of put option periods (in days)	60 days
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), fair value of shares subject to repurchase obligation	$ 2,018	$ 5,272
Company shares held in 401KSOP and ESOP, fair value	193,533	183,408
Redeemable common shares related to 401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP):	195,551	188,680
Employee retirement plan, employer match	$ 11,729	10,441	$ 9,490
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) disclosures [Line Items]
Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP), initial shares in ESOP	120,000
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), shares adjusted for stock splits	46,080,000
Employee stock ownership plan (ESOP), initial value in ESOP	$ 2,700
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees gross pay	4%
Defined contribution plan, eligible age	21 years
Defined contribution plan, service requirement for eligibility (in years)	1 year
Number of put option periods	2
Duration of put option periods (in days)	60 days
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP), fair value of shares subject to repurchase obligation	$ 2,018	5,272
Company shares held in 401KSOP and ESOP, fair value	193,533	183,408
Redeemable common shares related to 401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP):	195,551	188,680
Employee retirement plan, employer match	$ 11,729	$ 10,441	$ 9,490
First 3% [Member]
401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan [Abstract]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of match	100%
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) disclosures [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of match	100%
3% to 5% [Member]
401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan [Abstract]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of match	50%
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) disclosures [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of match	50%
Maximum | First 3% [Member]
401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan [Abstract]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees gross pay	3%
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) disclosures [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees gross pay	3%
Maximum | 3% to 5% [Member]
401KSOP and Employee Stock Ownership Plan [Abstract]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees gross pay	2%
Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) disclosures [Line Items]
Defined contribution plan, employer matching contribution, percent of employees gross pay	2%

Stock-Based Compensation (Detai

Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Annual percentage of outstanding shares available for grant, maximum	5%
Cumulative percentage of outstanding shares available for grant in a year, maximum	10%
Salary and Wage, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold [Abstract]
Compensation expense	$ 8,568	$ 6,723	$ 7,930
Income tax benefit	$ 1,780	$ 1,293	$ 1,722
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions and Methodology [Abstract]
Volatility rate	9.50%	9.60%	9.70%
Risk-free interest rate	4.60%	4.10%	1.70%
Expected dividend yield	0.40%	0.40%	0.40%
Expected life of awards (years)	3 years	3 years	3 years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Exercisable, ending balance	1,208,839
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Exercise of Option, Tax Benefit	$ 1,844	$ 1,109	$ 1,067
Employee stock option
Salary and Wage, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold [Abstract]
Compensation expense	$ 93	$ 217	407
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions and Methodology [Abstract]
Vesting period	10 years
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]
Outstanding, beginning balance	1,688,831
Granted	0
Exercised	(327,523)
Forfeited	82,510
Outstanding, ending balance	1,278,798	1,688,831
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Exercisable, ending balance	1,208,839
Outstanding, weighted average exercise price, ending balance	$ 9.56	$ 9.04
Granted, weighted average exercise price	0
Exercised, weighted average exercise price	7.57
Forfeited, weighted average exercise price	6.83
Exercisable, weighted average exercise price	$ 9.41
Outstanding, weighted average remaining contractual life	3 years
Exercisable, weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	2 years 10 months 24 days
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 37
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value	16,931
Exercisable, aggregate intrinisic value	$ 16,186
Number outstanding	1,278,798
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 9.56
Number exercisable	1,208,839
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 9.41
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)
Salary and Wage, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold [Abstract]
Compensation expense			84
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Salary and Wage, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold [Abstract]
Compensation expense	$ 6,402	$ 4,794	5,615
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Unvested, beginning balance	933,843
Granted	243,045
Forfeited	10,296
Vested	(398,760)
Unvested, ending balance	767,832	933,843
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Unvested, weighted average award date value, beginning balance	$ 16.02
Granted, weighted average award date value	21.95
Forfeited, weighted average award date value	16.99
Vested, weighted average award date value	15.17
Unvested, weighted average award date value, ending balance	$ 18.32	$ 16.02
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	1 year 2 months 12 days
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 5,307
Aggregate intrinsic value, unvested	$ 17,507
Employee PRSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Granted	234,485
Unvested, ending balance	730,201
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Unvested, weighted average award date value, ending balance	$ 18.29
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	1 year 2 months 12 days
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 4,995
Aggregate intrinsic value, unvested	$ 16,649
Nonemployee Director RSUs
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Granted	8,560
Unvested, ending balance	37,631
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Unvested, weighted average award date value, ending balance	$ 18.97
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	1 year 2 months 12 days
Unrecognized compensation cost	$ 312
Aggregate intrinsic value, unvested	$ 858
$6.60 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	$ 7.53
Upper range limit	$ 7.53
Number outstanding	195,200
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	6 months
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 7.53
Number exercisable	195,200
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 7.53
$7.53 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	8.18
Upper range limit	$ 8.18
Number outstanding	260,050
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	1 year 6 months
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 8.18
Number exercisable	260,050
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 8.18
$8.18 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	8.80
Upper range limit	$ 8.80
Number outstanding	167,400
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	2 years 6 months
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 8.80
Number exercisable	167,400
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 8.80
$8.80 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	9.55
Upper range limit	$ 9.55
Number outstanding	181,950
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	3 years 6 months
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 9.55
Number exercisable	181,950
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 9.55
$9.55 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	10.55
Upper range limit	$ 10.55
Number outstanding	35,825
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	4 years 2 months 12 days
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 10.55
Number exercisable	35,825
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 10.55
$10.55 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	10.55
Upper range limit	$ 10.55
Number outstanding	170,788
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	4 years 6 months
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 10.55
Number exercisable	170,788
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 10.55
$10.55 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	12.10
Upper range limit	$ 12.10
Number outstanding	45,220
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	5 years 2 months 12 days
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 12.10
Number exercisable	33,861
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 12.10
$12.10 | Employee stock option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract]
Lower range limit	12.10
Upper range limit	$ 12.10
Number outstanding	222,365
Weighted average remaining contractual life (years)	5 years 6 months
Outstanding options, weighted average exercise price	$ 12.10
Number exercisable	163,765
Exercisable options, weighted average exercise price	$ 12.10
The Davey Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Salary and Wage, Excluding Cost of Good and Service Sold [Abstract]
Compensation expense	$ 2,073	$ 1,712	$ 1,824
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Abstract]
Employee stock purchase plan, service period (in years)	6 months
Employee stock purchase plan, percentage of market price, purchase date	85%
Employee stock purchase, discount from market price, purchase date	15%

Income Taxes (Details)

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income before income taxes
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest	$ 89,191	$ 97,237	$ 85,199
Provision for income taxes
Federal	16,424	17,708	18,795
State	5,314	6,275	7,173
Canadian	(25)	(62)	11
Total current	21,713	23,921	25,979
Deferred taxes	2,682	1,175	(2,070)
Total taxes on income	$ 24,395	$ 25,096	$ 23,909
Tax rate reconciliation
Statutory U.S. federal tax rate	21%	21%	21%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	5.30%	5.40%	6.10%
Effect of Canadian income taxes	1.10%	0%	(0.20%)
Nondeductible expenses	2.40%	0.70%	1.90%
Stock compensation	(1.60%)	(0.80%)	(0.80%)
ESOP dividend deduction	(0.20%)	(0.20%)	(0.20%)
Uncertain tax adjustments and audit settlement	0%	0.10%	0%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance, Percent	(1.00%)	(0.30%)	0%
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Nondeductible Expense, Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Percent	1.10%	0.40%	0.70%
Other, net	(0.70%)	(0.50%)	(0.30%)
Effective income tax rate	27.40%	25.80%	28.20%
Noncurrent deferred tax assets and liabilities, net
Self-insurance accruals	$ 30,263	$ 28,198
Accrued compensated absences	2,370	2,451
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	984	880
Accrued stock compensation	3,959	4,093
Foreign tax credit carryforward	401	1,359
Lease obligations	18,055	21,958
Deferred Tax Assets, Goodwill and Intangible Assets	0	81
Other future deductible amounts, net	9,590	5,236
Deferred tax assets, gross,noncurrent	65,622	64,256
Less deferred tax asset valuation allowance	968	864
Deferred tax assets, net--noncurrent	64,654	63,392
Intangibles	2,452	0
Prepaid expenses	5,549	5,874
Lease right of use assets	17,888	21,986
Property and equipment	34,985	29,531
Deferred tax liabilities, gross, noncurrent	60,874	57,391
Net deferred tax asset--noncurrent	3,780	6,001
Undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries	20,966
Unrecognized benefits and related interest and penalties
Unrecognized tax benefits	2,126	1,022	$ 638
Portion, if recognized, would reduce tax expense and effective tax rate	363	369
Accrued interest on unrecognized tax benefits	51	47
Reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits
Balance, beginning of year	1,022	638	700
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	(1,205)	(436)	(24)
Additions for tax positions of prior years	0	39	0
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	22	0	8
Lapses in statutes of limitations	(79)	(91)	(78)
Balance, end of year	2,126	1,022	638
United States
Income before income taxes
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest	90,977	99,116	90,379
Canada
Income before income taxes
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest	$ (1,786)	$ (1,879)	$ (5,180)

Earnings Per Share Informatio_2

Earnings Per Share Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income	$ 64,796	$ 72,140	$ 61,290
Weighted-average shares, basic
Outstanding	41,126,770	42,192,411	43,890,081
Partially-paid share subscriptions	1,165,550	1,259,250	557,594
Basic weighted-average shares	42,292,320	43,451,661	44,447,675
Weighted-average shares, diluted
Exercise of stock subscription purchase rights	85,948	37,638	0
Exercise of stock options and awards	1,755,379	2,048,399	2,289,696
Diluted weighted-average shares	44,133,647	45,537,698	46,737,371
Earnings per share--basic	$ 1.53	$ 1.66	$ 1.38
Earnings per share--diluted	$ 1.47	$ 1.58	$ 1.31

Operations by Business Segmen_3

Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Information Operations by Busines Segment (Details) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments		2
Revenues		$ 1,841,687	$ 1,693,481	$ 1,511,081
Income from operations		114,684	114,207	100,236
Interest expense		20,331	13,745	6,129
Interest income		3,216	1,894	955
Other income (expense), net		(8,378)	(5,120)	(9,863)
Depreciation		64,562	53,571	51,969
Amortization		5,432	5,072	3,228
Capital expenditures		145,517	87,322	88,738
Segment assets, total		1,407,551	1,281,060	956,221
Income before income taxes		89,191	97,236	85,199
Reportable segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income from operations		134,023	123,025	105,584
Total Reportable Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		1,833,332	1,689,432	1,507,525
Income from operations		156,309	135,236	120,577
Depreciation		55,506	51,408	49,085
Amortization		5,432	5,072	3,228
Capital expenditures		94,974	64,863	70,351
Segment assets, total		781,595	766,804	675,800
Utility Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		1,012,957	934,977	840,553
Payroll expense		436,080	419,242	383,220
Equipment and fuel expense		67,297	69,105	70,616
Subcontractor expense		95,406	68,491	50,532
Other segment expenses	[1]	335,800	314,725	273,918
Income from operations		78,374	63,414	62,267
Depreciation		23,140	21,565	22,791
Amortization		1,536	1,873	776
Capital expenditures		28,817	21,716	26,178
Segment assets, total		409,554	399,059	362,399
Residential Commercial Services
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		820,375	754,455	666,972
Payroll expense		345,797	323,325	295,850
Equipment and fuel expense		55,539	53,151	51,305
Subcontractor expense		64,355	58,805	44,433
Other segment expenses	[1]	276,749	247,352	217,074
Income from operations		77,935	71,822	58,310
Depreciation		32,366	29,843	26,294
Amortization		3,896	3,199	2,452
Capital expenditures		66,157	43,147	44,173
Segment assets, total		372,041	367,745	313,401
All other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues		8,355	4,049	3,556
Other segment expenses	[1]	30,641	16,260	18,549
Income from operations		(22,286)	(12,211)	(14,993)
Depreciation	[2]	9,056	2,163	2,884
Amortization		0	0	0
Capital expenditures	[3]	50,543	22,459	18,387
Segment assets, total	[4]	625,956	514,256	280,421
Corporate and other operating segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Income from operations	[5]	$ (19,339)	$ (8,818)	$ (5,348)
[1] Other segment expenses include occupancy costs, travel, insurance, depreciation and amortization, selling expenses and all other operating expenses. Adjustments to declining-balance method depreciation expense from straight-line method and depreciation and amortization of corporate assets. Capital expenditures for corporate facilities and enterprise-wide information systems. Corporate assets include cash, prepaid expenses, corporate facilities, enterprise-wide information systems and other nonoperating assets. Reclassification of depreciation expense and allocation of corporate expenses.

Operations by Business Segmen_4

Operations by Business Segment and Geographic Information Geographic Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 1,841,687	$ 1,693,481	$ 1,511,081
Long-lived assets, net	868,598	774,380	513,957
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	1,741,143	1,594,546	1,426,019
Long-lived assets, net	835,648	741,294	484,740
Canada
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	100,544	98,935	85,062
Long-lived assets, net	$ 32,950	$ 33,086	$ 29,217

Revenue Recognition (Details)

Revenue Recognition (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 1,841,687	$ 1,693,481	$ 1,511,081
Contract with customer, asset and liability [Abstract]
Revenue recognized	3,808	2,266
Contract liabilities - current	3,756	3,430
Contract liabilities - noncurrent	4,655	3,700
Net contract liabilities	8,411	7,130
Utility
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	1,012,957	934,977	840,553
Residential and Commercial
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	820,375	754,455	666,972
All other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	8,355	4,049	3,556
United States
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	1,741,143	1,594,546	1,426,019
United States | Utility
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	959,976	881,428	800,590
United States | Residential and Commercial
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	772,812	709,069	621,873
United States | All other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	8,355	4,049	3,556
Canada
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	100,544	98,935	85,062
Canada | Utility
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	52,981	53,549	39,963
Canada | Residential and Commercial
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	47,563	45,386	45,099
Canada | All other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Tree and plant care
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	1,058,548	973,974	928,022
Tree and plant care | Utility
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	626,960	563,222	545,048
Tree and plant care | Residential and Commercial
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	431,681	411,508	383,148
Tree and plant care | All other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	(93)	(756)	(174)
Grounds maintenance
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	200,096	185,994	169,948
Grounds maintenance | Utility
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Grounds maintenance | Residential and Commercial
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	200,096	185,994	169,948
Grounds maintenance | All other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Storm damage services
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	81,170	25,172	31,102
Storm damage services | Utility
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	49,267	12,049	21,437
Storm damage services | Residential and Commercial
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	31,903	13,123	9,665
Storm damage services | All other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	0	0
Consulting and other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	501,873	508,341	382,009
Consulting and other | Utility
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	336,730	359,706	274,068
Consulting and other | Residential and Commercial
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	156,695	143,830	104,211
Consulting and other | All other
Disaggregation of revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 8,448	$ 4,805	$ 3,730

Fair Value Measurements and F_3

Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments Fair Value Measurements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	$ 46,180	$ 37,062
Marketable equity securities	21,218	12,102
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	213,873	141,616
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities	338,655	283,177
Assets invested for self-insurance	29,212	20,959
United States Government and agency securities
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	46,180	36,802
Corporate notes and bonds
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	0	260
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Quoted prices in active markets, (level 1)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities		37,062
Marketable equity securities	21,218	12,102
Deferred compensation	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Significant other observable inputs, (level 2)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	0	0
Marketable equity securities	0	0
Deferred compensation	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Significant unobservable inputs, (level 3)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	0	0
Marketable equity securities	0	0
Deferred compensation	1,482	1,572
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Certificates of Deposit | Quoted prices in active markets, (level 1)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Certificates of deposits, noncurrent	750	3,500
Assets invested for self-insurance	2,750	2,859
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Certificates of Deposit | Significant other observable inputs, (level 2)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Certificates of deposits, noncurrent	0	0
Assets invested for self-insurance	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Certificates of Deposit | Significant unobservable inputs, (level 3)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Certificates of deposits, noncurrent	0	0
Assets invested for self-insurance	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | United States Government and agency securities | Quoted prices in active markets, (level 1)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	46,180	36,802
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | United States Government and agency securities | Significant other observable inputs, (level 2)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | United States Government and agency securities | Significant unobservable inputs, (level 3)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Corporate notes and bonds | Quoted prices in active markets, (level 1)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities		260
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Corporate notes and bonds | Significant other observable inputs, (level 2)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities		0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Corporate notes and bonds | Significant unobservable inputs, (level 3)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities		0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Mutual funds | Quoted prices in active markets, (level 1)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	19,491	6,842
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Mutual funds | Significant other observable inputs, (level 2)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Mutual funds | Significant unobservable inputs, (level 3)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Common shares | Quoted prices in active markets, (level 1)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities		3,780
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Common shares | Significant other observable inputs, (level 2)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities		0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Common shares | Significant unobservable inputs, (level 3)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities		0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Exchange traded funds | Quoted prices in active markets, (level 1)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	1,727	1,480
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Exchange traded funds | Significant other observable inputs, (level 2)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	0	0
Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Exchange traded funds | Significant unobservable inputs, (level 3)
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	0	0
Total carrying value
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	46,180	37,062
Marketable equity securities	21,218	12,102
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	213,873	141,616
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	120,000	135,000
Term loans, noncurrent	6,072	7,012
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities	339,945	283,628
Total carrying value | Fair value measurements, recurring [Member]
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	46,180	37,062
Marketable equity securities	21,218	12,102
Deferred compensation	1,482	1,572
Total carrying value | Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Certificates of Deposit
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Certificates of deposits, noncurrent	750	3,500
Assets invested for self-insurance	2,750	2,859
Total carrying value | Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | United States Government and agency securities
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	46,180	36,802
Total carrying value | Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Corporate notes and bonds
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities		260
Total carrying value | Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Mutual funds
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	19,491	6,842
Total carrying value | Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Common shares
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities		3,780
Total carrying value | Fair value measurements, recurring [Member] | Exchange traded funds
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Marketable equity securities	1,727	1,480
Fair value
Fair value, assets and liabilities measured on recurring and nonrecurring basis [Line Items]
Available-for-sale debt securities	46,180	37,062
Marketable equity securities	21,218	12,102
Revolving credit facility, noncurrent	213,873	141,616
Senior unsecured notes, noncurrent	117,486	130,959
Term loans, noncurrent	6,065	7,252
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities	$ 337,424	$ 279,827

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 09, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Loss contingency, defendants sentenced		3
Litigation Settlement, Amount Awarded to Other Party	$ 3,984
Estimated Litigation Liability		$ 220,000
Wolf employee defendants
Loss contingency, number of defendants		2
Employee and former employee defendants
Loss contingency, number of defendants		4
Defendants who pled guilty
Loss contingency, number of defendants		3
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
Loss contingency number of claims alleged		3
Northern California wildfires
Loss contingency number of claims alleged		5
Fire Victims Trust
Loss contingency number of claims alleged		3
Letter of credit [Member]
Letters of credit outstanding		$ 100,050	$ 94,702