Table of Contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period endedSeptember 30, 2005
or
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number1-10706
Comerica Incorporated
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 38-1998421 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
Comerica Tower at Detroit Center
Detroit, Michigan
48226
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
Detroit, Michigan
48226
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
(248) 371-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yeso Noþ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
$5 par value common stock:
Outstanding as of October 14, 2005: 165,268,453 shares
COMERICA INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
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Table of Contents
PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.Financial Statements
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
September 30, | December 31, | September 30, | ||||||||||
(in millions, except share data) | 2005 | 2004 | 2004 | |||||||||
(unaudited) | (unaudited) | |||||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | $ | 1,795 | $ | 1,139 | $ | 1,560 | ||||||
Short-term investments | 3,619 | 3,230 | 5,055 | |||||||||
Investment securities available-for-sale | 4,088 | 3,943 | 4,198 | |||||||||
Commercial loans | 22,754 | 22,039 | 21,146 | |||||||||
Real estate construction loans | 3,289 | 3,053 | 3,276 | |||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans | 8,700 | 8,236 | 7,931 | |||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | 1,444 | 1,294 | 1,263 | |||||||||
Consumer loans | 2,696 | 2,751 | 2,722 | |||||||||
Lease financing | 1,286 | 1,265 | 1,260 | |||||||||
International loans | 1,972 | 2,205 | 2,117 | |||||||||
Total loans | 42,141 | 40,843 | 39,715 | |||||||||
Less allowance for loan losses | (558 | ) | (673 | ) | (729 | ) | ||||||
Net loans | 41,583 | 40,170 | 38,986 | |||||||||
Premises and equipment | 499 | 415 | 399 | |||||||||
Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding | 39 | 57 | 41 | |||||||||
Accrued income and other assets | 2,726 | 2,812 | 2,720 | |||||||||
Total assets | $ | 54,349 | $ | 51,766 | $ | 52,959 | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits | $ | 17,702 | $ | 15,164 | $ | 16,811 | ||||||
Interest-bearing deposits | 25,968 | 25,772 | 25,424 | |||||||||
Total deposits | 43,670 | 40,936 | 42,235 | |||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 241 | 193 | 225 | |||||||||
Acceptances outstanding | 39 | 57 | 41 | |||||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 1,242 | 1,189 | 1,021 | |||||||||
Medium- and long-term debt | 4,066 | 4,286 | 4,401 | |||||||||
Total liabilities | 49,258 | 46,661 | 47,923 | |||||||||
Common stock — $5 par value: | ||||||||||||
Authorized — 325,000,000 shares | ||||||||||||
Issued — 178,735,252 shares at 9/30/05, 12/31/04 and 9/30/04 | 894 | 894 | 894 | |||||||||
Capital surplus | 448 | 421 | 408 | |||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (158 | ) | (69 | ) | (24 | ) | ||||||
Retained earnings | 4,683 | 4,331 | 4,222 | |||||||||
Less cost of common stock in treasury — 13,469,654 shares at 9/30/05, 8,259,328 shares at 12/31/04 and 8,169,292 shares at 9/30/04 | (776 | ) | (472 | ) | (464 | ) | ||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 5,091 | 5,105 | 5,036 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 54,349 | $ | 51,766 | $ | 52,959 | ||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(in millions, except per share data) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
INTEREST INCOME | ||||||||||||||||
Interest and fees on loans | $ | 674 | $ | 514 | $ | 1,856 | $ | 1,510 | ||||||||
Interest on investment securities | 38 | 36 | 107 | 111 | ||||||||||||
Interest on short-term investments | 7 | 8 | 18 | 25 | ||||||||||||
Total interest income | 719 | 558 | 1,981 | 1,646 | ||||||||||||
INTEREST EXPENSE | ||||||||||||||||
Interest on deposits | 147 | 79 | 377 | 224 | ||||||||||||
Interest on short-term borrowings | 16 | 1 | 28 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Interest on medium- and long-term debt | 44 | 27 | 121 | 76 | ||||||||||||
Total interest expense | 207 | 107 | 526 | 302 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income | 512 | 451 | 1,455 | 1,344 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan losses | (30 | ) | — | (27 | ) | 85 | ||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | 542 | 451 | 1,482 | 1,259 | ||||||||||||
NONINTEREST INCOME | ||||||||||||||||
Service charges on deposit accounts | 55 | 57 | 163 | 178 | ||||||||||||
Fiduciary income | 44 | 43 | 133 | 128 | ||||||||||||
Commercial lending fees | 16 | 14 | 44 | 41 | ||||||||||||
Letter of credit fees | 18 | 17 | 56 | 49 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange income | 9 | 9 | 27 | 28 | ||||||||||||
Brokerage fees | 10 | 9 | 27 | 27 | ||||||||||||
Investment advisory revenue, net | 14 | 8 | 36 | 26 | ||||||||||||
Card fees | 10 | 8 | 28 | 23 | ||||||||||||
Bank-owned life insurance | 9 | 10 | 28 | 28 | ||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries | 4 | 3 | 13 | 11 | ||||||||||||
Warrant income | 2 | 1 | 7 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Net securities losses | — | (6 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
Net gain on sales of businesses | 1 | — | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Other noninterest income | 40 | 33 | 98 | 102 | ||||||||||||
Total noninterest income | 232 | 206 | 661 | 654 | ||||||||||||
NONINTEREST EXPENSES | ||||||||||||||||
Salaries | 209 | 185 | 595 | 567 | ||||||||||||
Employee benefits | 46 | 40 | 137 | 119 | ||||||||||||
Total salaries and employee benefits | 255 | 225 | 732 | 686 | ||||||||||||
Net occupancy expense | 30 | 32 | 90 | 93 | ||||||||||||
Equipment expense | 14 | 14 | 42 | 43 | ||||||||||||
Outside processing fee expense | 19 | 16 | 56 | 51 | ||||||||||||
Software expense | 12 | 11 | 35 | 31 | ||||||||||||
Customer services | 29 | 8 | 50 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Litigation and operational losses | 4 | 16 | 14 | 27 | ||||||||||||
Other noninterest expenses | 59 | 50 | 160 | 165 | ||||||||||||
Total noninterest expenses | 422 | 372 | 1,179 | 1,113 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 352 | 285 | 964 | 800 | ||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes | 114 | 89 | 310 | 250 | ||||||||||||
NET INCOME | $ | 238 | $ | 196 | $ | 654 | $ | 550 | ||||||||
Basic net income per common share | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.15 | $ | 3.90 | $ | 3.19 | ||||||||
Diluted net income per common share | 1.41 | 1.13 | 3.85 | 3.15 | ||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock | 92 | 88 | 277 | 268 | ||||||||||||
Dividends per common share | 0.55 | 0.52 | 1.65 | 1.56 |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Common | Capital | Comprehensive | Retained | Treasury | Shareholders’ | |||||||||||||||||||
(in millions, except share data) | Stock | Surplus | Income (Loss) | Earnings | Stock | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2004 | $ | 894 | $ | 384 | $ | 74 | $ | 3,973 | $ | (215 | ) | $ | 5,110 | |||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 550 | — | 550 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | — | (98 | ) | — | — | (98 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | 452 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($1.56 per share) | — | — | — | (268 | ) | — | (268 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of 5,977,723 shares of common stock | — | — | — | — | (336 | ) | (336 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans | — | (2 | ) | — | (33 | ) | 87 | 52 | ||||||||||||||||
Recognition of stock-based compensation expense | — | 26 | — | — | — | 26 | ||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2004 | $ | 894 | $ | 408 | $ | (24 | ) | $ | 4,222 | $ | (464 | ) | $ | 5,036 | ||||||||||
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2005 | $ | 894 | $ | 421 | $ | (69 | ) | $ | 4,331 | $ | (472 | ) | $ | 5,105 | ||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 654 | — | 654 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — | — | (89 | ) | — | — | (89 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | 565 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($1.65 per share) | — | — | — | (277 | ) | — | (277 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Purchase of 6,516,700 shares of common stock | — | — | — | — | (379 | ) | (379 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans | — | (5 | ) | — | (25 | ) | 75 | 45 | ||||||||||||||||
Recognition of stock-based compensation expense | — | 32 | — | — | — | 32 | ||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2005 | $ | 894 | $ | 448 | $ | (158 | ) | $ | 4,683 | $ | (776 | ) | $ | 5,091 | ||||||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
(in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 654 | $ | 550 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Provision for loan losses | (27 | ) | 85 | |||||
Depreciation and software amortization | 54 | 52 | ||||||
Amortization of stock-based compensation expense | 33 | 24 | ||||||
Net amortization of securities | 7 | 20 | ||||||
Net amortization of intangibles | — | 1 | ||||||
Net gain on sales of businesses | (1 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Contributions to pension plan fund | (58 | ) | (62 | ) | ||||
Net increase in trading securities | — | (8 | ) | |||||
Net (increase) decrease in loans held-for-sale | (7 | ) | 38 | |||||
Net increase in accrued income receivable | (41 | ) | — | |||||
Net increase in accrued expenses | 57 | 69 | ||||||
Other, net | (25 | ) | (76 | ) | ||||
Total adjustments | (8 | ) | 136 | |||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 646 | 686 | ||||||
INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Net increase in other short-term investments | (313 | ) | (1,072 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of investment securities available-for-sale | — | 330 | ||||||
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities available-for-sale | 936 | 752 | ||||||
Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale | (1,120 | ) | (773 | ) | ||||
Net (increase) decrease in loans | (1,514 | ) | 391 | |||||
Fixed assets, net | (89 | ) | (81 | ) | ||||
Net decrease (increase) in customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding | 18 | (14 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from sales of businesses | 1 | 8 | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities | (2,081 | ) | (459 | ) | ||||
FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Net increase in deposits | 2,874 | 772 | ||||||
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | 48 | (37 | ) | |||||
Net (decrease) increase in acceptances outstanding | (18 | ) | 14 | |||||
Proceeds from issuance of medium- and long-term debt | 272 | 359 | ||||||
Repayments of medium- and long-term debt | (477 | ) | (750 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock and other capital transactions | 45 | 52 | ||||||
Purchase of common stock for treasury and retirement | (379 | ) | (336 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid | (274 | ) | (268 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 2,091 | (194 | ) | |||||
Net increase in cash and due from banks | 656 | 33 | ||||||
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period | 1,139 | 1,527 | ||||||
Cash and due from banks at end of period | $ | 1,795 | $ | 1,560 | ||||
Interest paid | $ | 493 | $ | 296 | ||||
Income taxes paid | $ | 236 | $ | 126 | ||||
Noncash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||
Loans transferred to other real estate | $ | 29 | $ | 21 | ||||
Loans transferred to held-for-sale | 69 | — | ||||||
Deposits transferred to held-for-sale | 140 | — | ||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2005. Certain items in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report of Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries (the “Corporation”) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004.
Derivative and Foreign Exchange Contracts
The Corporation uses derivative financial instruments, including foreign exchange contracts, to manage exposure to interest rate and foreign currency risks. All derivative instruments are carried at fair value in either, “accrued income and other assets” or “accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. The accounting for changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of a derivative instrument is determined by whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and, further, on the type of hedging relationship. For those derivative instruments that qualify as hedging instruments, the Corporation designates the hedging instrument as a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. For further information, see Note 8.
Warrants
The Corporation holds a portfolio of approximately 800 warrants for non-marketable equity securities. These warrants are primarily from high technology, non-public companies obtained as part of the loan origination process. The Corporation historically recognized income related to these warrants approximately 30 days prior to the warrant issuer’s publicly traded stock becoming free of restrictions, when a publicly traded company acquired the warrant issuer, or when cash was received. In third quarter 2005, the Corporation determined that, due to a net exercise provision embedded in the warrant agreements, the warrant portfolio should have been recorded at fair value in accordance with Implementation Issue 17a of SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities,” (SFAS 133) since 2001. The required cumulative adjustments to record the portfolio at fair value were not material to the current or any prior reporting periods, and therefore have been reflected as of September 30, 2005. The adjustment included recording a $24 million warrant asset in “accrued income and other assets” on the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2005. The adjustment also included recording $20 million in “interest and fees on loans,” $4 million in incentive compensation expense in “salaries expense” and $5 million in “provision for income taxes” on the consolidated statements of income for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005. Under the Corporation’s new accounting, the fair value of warrants covered by Implementation issue 17a of SFAS 133 that are received as part of the loan origination process will be deferred and amortized into interest and fees on loans over the life of the loan, in accordance with SFAS 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases.” In addition, the fair value of these warrants will be adjusted on a quarterly basis, with any changes in the fair value included in warrant income, which is recorded in “noninterest income” on the consolidated statements of income.
Stock-Based Compensation
In 2002, the Corporation adopted the fair value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure”), which the Corporation is applying prospectively to all stock-based compensation awards granted to employees after December 31, 2001. Options granted prior to January 1, 2002 continue to be accounted for under the intrinsic value method, as outlined in APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.” The effect on net income and earnings per share, if the fair value method had been applied to all outstanding and unvested awards in each period, is presented in the table below. For further information on the Corporation’s stock-based compensation plans, refer to Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 1 — Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies (continued)
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(in millions, except per share data) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stock, as reported | $ | 238 | $ | 196 | $ | 654 | $ | 550 | ||||||||
Add: Stock-based compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects | 8 | 1 | 22 | 15 | ||||||||||||
Deduct: Total stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects | 8 | 3 | 22 | 20 | ||||||||||||
Proforma net income applicable to common stock | $ | 238 | $ | 194 | $ | 654 | $ | 545 | ||||||||
Net income per common share: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic—as reported | $ | 1.43 | $ | 1.15 | $ | 3.90 | $ | 3.19 | ||||||||
Basic—pro forma | 1.43 | 1.14 | 3.90 | 3.16 | ||||||||||||
Diluted—as reported | 1.41 | 1.13 | 3.85 | 3.15 | ||||||||||||
Diluted—pro forma | 1.41 | 1.12 | 3.85 | 3.13 |
In the second quarter 2005, the Corporation changed the model used to value its stock option grants from a Black-Scholes option pricing model to a binomial option pricing model for all stock options granted subsequent to March 31, 2005. The binomial model considers characteristics of fair value option pricing that are not recognized under the Black-Scholes model, and thus provides an estimated fair value option pricing that is more representative of actual experience and future expected experience. The after-tax decrease in compensation expense as a result of this change was nominal in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, and is reflected in the table above.
The fair value of the options granted was estimated using the binomial option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Risk-free interest rate | 4.44 | % | ||
Expected dividend yield | 3.85 | |||
Expected volatility factors of the market price of Comerica common stock | 28.6 | |||
Expected option life (in years) | 6.5 |
Impairment
Goodwill and identified intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life are subject to impairment testing, which the Corporation conducts annually, or on an interim basis if events or changes in circumstances between annual tests indicate the assets might be impaired. The Corporation performs its annual impairment test for goodwill and identified intangible assets that have an indefinite useful life as of July 1 of each year. The impairment test involves assigning tangible assets and liabilities, identified intangible assets and goodwill to reporting units, which are a subset of the Corporation’s operating segments, and comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value is less than the carrying value, a further test is required to measure the amount of impairment. The annual test of goodwill and intangible assets that have an indefinite life, performed as of July 1, 2005, did not indicate that an impairment charge was required.
The Corporation reviews finite lived intangible assets and other long lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable from projected undiscounted net operating cash flows. If the projected undiscounted net operating cash flows are less than the carrying amount, the Corporation recognizes a loss to reduce the carrying amount to fair value. Additional information regarding the Corporation’s goodwill, intangible assets and impairment policies can be found in the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report on page 56 and in Notes 1, 7 and 8 to the consolidated financial statements.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 2 — Investment Securities
At September 30, 2005, investment securities having a carrying value of $1.9 billion were pledged where permitted or required by law to secure $584 million of liabilities, including public and other deposits, and derivative contracts. This included securities of $1.2 billion pledged with the Federal Reserve Bank to secure actual treasury tax and loan borrowings of $108 million at September 30, 2005, and potential borrowings of up to an additional $742 million. The remaining pledged securities of $686 million are primarily with state and local government agencies to secure $476 million of deposits and other liabilities, including deposits of the State of Michigan of $134 million at September 30, 2005.
Note 3 — Allowance for Loan Losses
The following summarizes the changes in the allowance for loan losses:
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
(in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 673 | $ | 803 | ||||
Loans charged-off: | ||||||||
Commercial | 77 | 162 | ||||||
Real estate construction | ||||||||
Real estate construction business line | 1 | 2 | ||||||
Other | — | — | ||||||
Total real estate construction | 1 | 2 | ||||||
Commercial mortgage | ||||||||
Commercial real estate business line | 4 | — | ||||||
Other | 12 | 19 | ||||||
Total commercial mortgage | 16 | 19 | ||||||
Residential mortgage | — | 1 | ||||||
Consumer | 12 | 9 | ||||||
Lease financing | 19 | 9 | ||||||
International | 11 | 11 | ||||||
Total loans charged-off | 136 | 213 | ||||||
Recoveries: | ||||||||
Commercial | 42 | 38 | ||||||
Real estate construction | — | — | ||||||
Commercial mortgage | 2 | 2 | ||||||
Residential mortgage | — | — | ||||||
Consumer | 3 | 2 | ||||||
Lease financing | — | 1 | ||||||
International | 1 | 11 | ||||||
Total recoveries | 48 | 54 | ||||||
Net loans charged-off | 88 | 159 | ||||||
Provision for loan losses | (27 | ) | 85 | |||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 558 | $ | 729 | ||||
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 3 — Allowance for Loan Losses (continued)
SFAS No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan,” considers a loan impaired when it is probable that interest and principal payments will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Consistent with this definition, all nonaccrual and reduced-rate loans (with the exception of residential mortgage and consumer loans) are impaired. Impaired loans that are restructured and meet the requirements to be on accrual status are included with total impaired loans for the remainder of the calendar year of the restructuring. There was one loan ($4 million) included in the $188 million of impaired loans at September 30, 2005 that was restructured and met the requirements to be on accrual status. Impaired loans averaged $191 million and $239 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, compared to $392 million and $448 million, respectively, for the comparable periods last year. The following presents information regarding the period-end balances of impaired loans:
Nine Months Ended | Year Ended | |||||||
(in millions) | September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | ||||||
Total period-end impaired loans | $ | 188 | $ | 318 | ||||
Less: Impaired loans restructured during the period on accrual status at period-end | (4 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
Total period-end nonaccrual business loans | $ | 184 | $ | 310 | ||||
Period-end impaired loans requiring an allowance | $ | 184 | $ | 306 | ||||
Allowance allocated to impaired loans | $ | 67 | $ | 88 | ||||
Those impaired loans not requiring an allowance represent loans for which the fair value exceeded the recorded investments in such loans.
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 4 — Medium- and Long-term Debt
Medium- and long-term debt consisted of the following at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004:
(dollar amounts in millions) | September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | ||||||
Parent company | ||||||||
7.25% subordinated note due 2007 | $ | 157 | $ | 163 | ||||
4.80% subordinated note due 2015 | 301 | 304 | ||||||
7.60% subordinated note due 2050 | 359 | 357 | ||||||
Total parent company | 817 | 824 | ||||||
Subsidiaries | ||||||||
Subordinated notes: | ||||||||
7.25% subordinated note due 2007 | 207 | 216 | ||||||
6.00% subordinated note due 2008 | 260 | 270 | ||||||
6.875% subordinated note due 2008 | 105 | 109 | ||||||
8.50% subordinated note due 2009 | 104 | 107 | ||||||
7.65% subordinated note due 2010 | — | 256 | ||||||
7.125% subordinated note due 2013 | 162 | 169 | ||||||
5.70% subordinated note due 2014 | 258 | 262 | ||||||
5.20% subordinated note due 2017 | 248 | — | ||||||
8.375% subordinated note due 2024 | 191 | 197 | ||||||
7.875% subordinated note due 2026 | 201 | 200 | ||||||
9.98% subordinated note due 2026 | 58 | 58 | ||||||
Total subordinated notes | 1,794 | 1,844 | ||||||
Medium-term notes due 2005 to 2007: | ||||||||
Floating rate based on LIBOR indices | 200 | 385 | ||||||
2.95% fixed rate note | 98 | 99 | ||||||
2.85% fixed rate note | 98 | 99 | ||||||
Variable rate secured debt financing due 2007 | 1,044 | 1,017 | ||||||
Variable rate note due 2009 | 15 | 18 | ||||||
Total subsidiaries | 3,249 | 3,462 | ||||||
Total medium- and long-term debt | $ | 4,066 | $ | 4,286 | ||||
The carrying value of medium- and long-term debt has been adjusted to reflect the gain or loss attributable to the risk hedged.
In March 2005, a subsidiary of the Corporation purchased an operations center building in Auburn Hills, Michigan. The Corporation previously leased the building from a third party. The purchase resulted in the addition of fixed assets of $36 million, a reduction in deferred rent credits of $26 million and the assumption of a mortgage payable with a fair value of $42 million. The assumed mortgage required payments of $4.3 million, payable in January and July of each year, including interest at a fixed rate of 7.91%, and would have matured July 1, 2010. On July 6, 2005, the Corporation paid-off the assumed mortgage for an amount that approximated its carrying value.
In August 2005, Comerica Bank (the “Bank”), a subsidiary of the Corporation, exercised its option to redeem, at par, a $250 million, 7.65% Subordinated Note, which was classified in medium- and long-term debt.
In August 2005, the Bank issued $250 million of 5.20% Subordinated Notes, which are classified in medium- and long-term debt. The notes pay interest on February 22 and August 22 of each year, beginning with February 22, 2006, and mature August 22, 2017. The Bank used the net proceeds for general corporate purposes.
11
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 5 — Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is computed by applying statutory federal income tax rates to income before income taxes as reported in the financial statements after deducting non-taxable items, principally income on bank-owned life insurance and interest income on state and municipal securities. State and foreign taxes are then added to the federal provision.
Note 6 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss) includes the change in net unrealized gains and losses on investment securities available-for-sale, the change in accumulated gains and losses on cash flow hedges, the change in the accumulated foreign currency translation adjustment, and the change in accumulated minimum pension liability adjustment. The Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity on page 5 include only combined other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. The following table presents reconciliations of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Total comprehensive income totaled $565 million and $452 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and $179 million and $254 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The $113 million increase in total comprehensive income in the nine month period ended September 30, 2005, when compared to the same period in the prior year, resulted principally from an increase in net income ($104 million) and a decrease in net losses on cash flow hedges ($24 million), partially offset by an increase in net unrealized losses on investment securities available-for-sale ($16 million), due to changes in the interest rate environment.
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||
September 30, | ||||||||
(in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available-for-sale: | ||||||||
Balance at beginning of period, net of tax | $ | (34 | ) | $ | (23 | ) | ||
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period | (32 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) before income taxes | (32 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Less: Provision for income taxes | (11 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||
Change in net unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available-for- sale, net of tax | (21 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period, net of tax | $ | (55 | ) | $ | (28 | ) | ||
Accumulated net gains (losses) on cash flow hedges: | ||||||||
Balance at beginning of period, net of tax | $ | (16 | ) | $ | 114 | |||
Net cash flow hedge gains (losses) arising during the period | (89 | ) | 13 | |||||
Less: Reclassification adjustment for gains (losses) included in net income | 14 | 154 | ||||||
Change in cash flow hedges before income taxes | (103 | ) | (141 | ) | ||||
Less: Provision for income taxes | (36 | ) | (50 | ) | ||||
Change in cash flow hedges, net of tax | (67 | ) | (91 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period, net of tax | $ | (83 | ) | $ | 23 | |||
Accumulated foreign currency translation adjustment: | ||||||||
Balance at beginning of period | $ | (6 | ) | $ | (4 | ) | ||
Net translation gains (losses) arising during the period | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period | $ | (7 | ) | $ | (5 | ) | ||
Accumulated minimum pension liability adjustment: | ||||||||
Balance at beginning of period, net of tax | $ | (13 | ) | $ | (13 | ) | ||
Minimum pension liability adjustment arising during the period before income taxes | — | (2 | ) | |||||
Less: Provision for income taxes | — | (1 | ) | |||||
Change in minimum pension liability, net of tax | — | (1 | ) | |||||
Balance at end of period, net of tax | $ | (13 | ) | $ | (14 | ) | ||
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of period, net of tax | $ | (158 | ) | $ | (24 | ) | ||
12
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 7 — Employee Benefit Plans
Net periodic benefit costs are charged to “employee benefits expense” on the consolidated statements of income. The components of net periodic benefit cost for the Corporation’s qualified pension plan, non-qualified pension plan and postretirement benefit plan are as follows:
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
(in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 7 | $ | 6 | $ | 22 | $ | 18 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 14 | 13 | 41 | 38 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (23 | ) | (21 | ) | (69 | ) | (63 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost | 2 | — | 5 | 1 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of unrecognized net loss | 5 | 3 | 15 | 9 | ||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 5 | $ | 1 | $ | 14 | $ | 3 | ||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
Non-Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
(in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 1 | $ | 1 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost | — | — | (1 | ) | — | |||||||||||
Amortization of unrecognized net loss | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | $ | 9 | $ | 9 | ||||||||
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
Postretirement Benefit Plan | September 30, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||
(in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||
Interest cost | $ | 1 | $ | 2 | $ | 3 | $ | 4 | ||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of unrecognized transition obligation | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of unrecognized net loss | 1 | — | 1 | — | ||||||||||||
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 2 | $ | 2 | $ | 4 | $ | 4 | ||||||||
The Corporation adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Staff Position 106-2, “Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003,” in the quarter ended September 30, 2004. This had an immaterial impact on net periodic benefit cost for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. For further information on the Corporation’s employee benefit plans, refer to Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report.
13
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 8 — Derivatives and Foreign Exchange Contracts
The following table presents the composition of derivative financial instruments and foreign exchange contracts, excluding commitments, held or issued for risk management purposes, and in connection with customer-initiated and other activities.
September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notional/ | Notional/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Contract | Unrealized | Fair | Contract | Unrealized | Fair | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Gains | Unrealized | Value | Amount | Gains | Unrealized | Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | (1) | (2) | Losses | (3) | (1) | (2) | Losses | (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Risk management | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Swaps — cash flow | $ | 10,100 | $ | — | $ | 145 | $ | (145 | ) | $ | 9,930 | $ | 17 | $ | 59 | $ | (42 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Swaps — fair value | 2,006 | 139 | 3 | 136 | 2,157 | 201 | — | 201 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest rate contracts | 12,106 | 139 | 148 | (9 | ) | 12,087 | 218 | 59 | 159 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spot, forward and options | 400 | 1 | 13 | (12 | ) | 376 | 19 | 1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Swaps | 68 | — | 1 | (1 | ) | 58 | — | 1 | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total foreign exchange contracts | 468 | 1 | 14 | (13 | ) | 434 | 19 | 2 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total risk management | 12,574 | 140 | 162 | (22 | ) | 12,521 | 237 | 61 | 176 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Customer-initiated and other | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Caps and floors written | 286 | — | 1 | (1 | ) | 301 | — | 2 | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Caps and floors purchased | 286 | 1 | — | 1 | 349 | 2 | — | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Swaps | 2,827 | 24 | 18 | 6 | 1,726 | 20 | 16 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest rate contracts | 3,399 | 25 | 19 | 6 | 2,376 | 22 | 18 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Energy derivative contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Caps and floors written | 51 | — | 4 | (4 | ) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Caps and floors purchased | 51 | 4 | — | 4 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Swaps | 40 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total energy derivative contracts | 142 | 5 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spot, forward and options | 4,135 | 46 | 52 | (6 | ) | 3,290 | 117 | 112 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Swaps | — | — | — | — | 31 | 1 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total foreign exchange contracts | 4,135 | 46 | 52 | (6 | ) | 3,321 | 118 | 112 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total customer-initiated and other | 7,676 | 76 | 76 | — | 5,697 | 140 | 130 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total derivatives and foreign exchange contracts | $ | 20,250 | $ | 216 | $ | 238 | $ | (22 | ) | $ | 18,218 | $ | 377 | $ | 191 | $ | 186 | |||||||||||||||
(1) | Notional or contract amounts, which represent the extent of involvement in the derivatives market, are generally used to determine the contractual cash flows required in accordance with the terms of the agreement. These amounts are typically not exchanged, significantly exceed amounts subject to credit or market risk, and are not reflected in the consolidated balance sheets. | |
(2) | Unrealized gains represent receivables from derivative counterparties, and therefore exposes the Corporation to credit risk. This risk is measured as the cost to replace, at current market rates, contracts in a profitable position. Credit risk is calculated before consideration is given to bilateral collateral agreements or master netting arrangements that effectively reduce credit risk. | |
(3) | The fair values of derivatives and foreign exchange contracts generally represent the estimated amounts the Corporation would receive or pay to terminate or otherwise settle the contracts at the balance sheet date. The fair values of all derivatives and foreign exchange contracts are reflected in the consolidated balance sheets. |
14
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 8 — Derivatives and Foreign Exchange Contracts (continued)
Risk Management
Fluctuations in net interest income due to interest rate risk result from the composition of assets and liabilities and the mismatches in the timing of the repricing of these assets and liabilities. In addition, external factors such as interest rates, and the dynamics of yield curve and spread relationships can affect net interest income. The Corporation utilizes simulation analyses to project the sensitivity of net interest income to changes in interest rates. Cash instruments, such as investment securities, as well as derivative financial instruments, are employed to manage exposure to these and other risks, including liquidity risk.
As an end-user, the Corporation accesses the interest rate markets to obtain derivative instruments for use principally in connection with asset and liability management activities. As part of a fair value hedging strategy, the Corporation entered into interest rate swap agreements for interest rate risk management purposes. The interest rate swap agreements effectively modify exposure to interest rate risk by converting fixed-rate deposits and debt to a floating rate. These agreements involve the receipt of fixed rate interest amounts in exchange for floating rate interest payments over the life of the agreement, without an exchange of the underlying principal amount. For instruments that support a fair value hedging strategy, no ineffectiveness was required to be recorded in the consolidated statements of income.
As part of a cash flow hedging strategy, the Corporation entered into predominantly 2 to 3 year interest rate swap agreements (weighted average original maturity of 2.8 years) that effectively convert a portion of its existing and forecasted floating-rate loans to a fixed-rate basis, thus reducing the impact of interest rate changes on future interest income over the next 2 to 3 years. Approximately 24 percent ($10 billion) of outstanding loans were designated as hedged items to interest rate swap agreements at September 30, 2005. During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges decreased interest and fees on loans by $5 million and increased interest and fees on loans by $14 million, respectively, compared to increases of $45 million and $154 million, respectively, for the comparable periods last year. Other noninterest income in both the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005 included $3 million of ineffective cash flow hedge losses. If interest rates, interest yield curves and notional amounts remain at their current levels, the Corporation expects to reclassify $51 million of net losses on derivative instruments from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings during the next twelve months due to receipt of variable interest associated with the existing and forecasted floating-rate loans.
Foreign exchange rate risk arises from changes in the value of certain assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. The Corporation employs cash instruments, such as investment securities, as well as derivative financial instruments and foreign exchange contracts, to manage exposure to these and other risks. In addition, the Corporation uses foreign exchange forward and option contracts to protect the value of its foreign currency investment in foreign subsidiaries. Realized and unrealized gains and losses from foreign exchange forward and option contracts used to protect the value of investments in foreign subsidiaries are not included in the statement of income, but are shown in the accumulated foreign currency translation adjustment account included in other comprehensive income, with the related amounts due to or from counterparties included in other liabilities or other assets. During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005, the Corporation recognized $1 million and $3 million, respectively, of net losses in accumulated foreign currency translation adjustment, related to the forward foreign exchange contracts.
Management believes these strategies achieve the desired relationship between the rate maturities of assets and funding sources which, in turn, reduces the overall exposure of net interest income to interest rate risk, although, there can be no assurance that such strategies will be successful. The Corporation also uses various other types of financial instruments to mitigate interest rate and foreign currency risks associated with specific assets or liabilities, which are reflected in the preceding table. Such instruments include interest rate caps and floors, foreign exchange forward contracts, foreign exchange option contracts and foreign exchange cross-currency swaps.
15
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 8 — Derivatives and Foreign Exchange Contracts (continued)
The following table summarizes the expected maturity distribution of the notional amount of risk management interest rate swaps and provides the weighted average interest rates associated with amounts to be received or paid on interest rate swap agreements as of September 30, 2005. Swaps have been grouped by the asset or liability designation.
Remaining Expected Maturity of Risk Management Interest Rate Swaps as of September 30, 2005:
(dollar amounts in millions)
(dollar amounts in millions)
Sept. 30, | Dec. 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010- | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2026 | Total | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable rate asset designation: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generic receive fixed swaps | $ | 1,100 | $ | 3,000 | $ | 3,000 | $ | 3,000 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 10,100 | $ | 9,800 | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average: (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive rate | 5.15 | % | 4.01 | % | 4.97 | % | 6.98 | % | — | % | — | % | 5.30 | % | 5.12 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Pay rate | 6.54 | 5.16 | 5.48 | 6.55 | — | — | 5.82 | 4.37 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rate asset designation: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amortizing pay fixed swaps | $ | 1 | $ | 2 | $ | 2 | $ | 1 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 6 | $ | 7 | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average: (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive rate | 2.72 | % | 2.75 | % | 2.73 | % | 2.72 | % | — | % | — | % | 2.73 | % | 2.55 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Pay rate | 3.52 | 3.54 | 3.53 | 3.52 | — | — | 3.53 | 3.53 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rate deposit designation: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generic receive fixed swaps | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 30 | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average: (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive rate | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | — | % | 1.42 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Pay rate | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2.44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Medium — and long-term debt designation: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Generic receive fixed swaps | $ | — | $ | 100 | $ | 450 | $ | 350 | $ | 100 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 2,000 | $ | 2,250 | ||||||||||||||||
Weighted average: (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Receive rate | — | % | 2.95 | % | 5.82 | % | 6.17 | % | 6.06 | % | 6.18 | % | 5.93 | % | 6.05 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Pay rate | — | 3.86 | 3.75 | 3.59 | 3.50 | 3.66 | 3.67 | 2.30 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total notional amount | $ | 1,101 | $ | 3,102 | $ | 3,452 | $ | 3,351 | $ | 100 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 12,106 | $ | 12,087 | ||||||||||||||||
(1) | Variable rates paid on receive fixed swaps are based on prime and LIBOR (with various maturities) rates in effect at September 30, 2005. | |
(2) | Variable rates received are based on three-month and six-month LIBOR or one-month and three-month Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (CDOR) rates in effect at September 30, 2005. |
16
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 8 — Derivatives and Foreign Exchange Contracts (continued)
The Corporation had commitments to purchase investment securities for its trading account and available-for- sale portfolios totaling $12 million at September 30, 2005 and $4 million at December 31, 2004. Commitments to sell investment securities related to the trading account totaled $12 million at September 30, 2005 and $4 million at December 31, 2004. Outstanding commitments expose the Corporation to both credit and market risk.
Customer-Initiated and Other
On a limited scale, fee income is earned from entering into various transactions, principally foreign exchange contracts and interest rate contracts at the request of customers. Market risk inherent in customer contracts is often mitigated by taking offsetting positions. The Corporation generally does not speculate in derivative financial instruments for the purpose of profiting in the short-term from favorable movements in market rates.
Fair values for customer-initiated and other derivative and foreign exchange contracts represent the net unrealized gains or losses on such contracts and are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in fair value are recognized in the consolidated income statements. The following table provides the average unrealized gains and unrealized losses and noninterest income generated on customer-initiated and other interest rate contracts and foreign exchange contracts.
Nine Months Ended | Year Ended | Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||
(in millions) | September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||
Average unrealized gains | $ | 79 | $ | 81 | $ | 70 | ||||||
Average unrealized losses | 75 | 71 | 61 | |||||||||
Noninterest income | 28 | 34 | 26 |
Derivative and Foreign Exchange Activity
The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending notional amounts for interest rate derivatives and foreign exchange contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Risk Management | Customer-Initiated and Other | |||||||||||||||||||
Foreign | Energy | Foreign | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate | Exchange | Interest Rate | Derivative | Exchange | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | Contracts | Contracts | Contracts | Contracts | Contracts | |||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2005 | $ | 12,087 | $ | 434 | $ | 2,376 | $ | — | $ | 3,321 | ||||||||||
Additions | 3,000 | 12,515 | 1,671 | 142 | 86,215 | |||||||||||||||
Maturities/amortizations | (2,981 | ) | (12,481 | ) | (375 | ) | — | (85,401 | ) | |||||||||||
Terminations | — | — | (273 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2005 | $ | 12,106 | $ | 468 | $ | 3,399 | $ | 142 | $ | 4,135 | ||||||||||
Additional information regarding the nature, terms and associated risks of the above derivatives and foreign exchange contracts, can be found in the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report on page 49 and in Notes 1 and 20 to the consolidated financial statements.
17
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 9 — Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit and Financial Guarantees
The total contractual amounts of standby letters of credit and financial guarantees and commercial letters of credit at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, which represents the Corporation’s credit risk associated with these instruments, are shown in the table below.
(in millions) | September 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | ||||||
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees | $ | 6,262 | $ | 6,326 | ||||
Commercial letters of credit | 300 | 340 |
Standby and commercial letters of credit and financial guarantees represent conditional obligations of the Corporation to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing and similar transactions. These contracts expire in decreasing amounts through the year 2015. Commercial letters of credit are issued to finance foreign or domestic trade transactions and are short-term in nature. The Corporation may enter into participation arrangements with third parties, that effectively reduce the maximum amount of future payments which may be required under standby letters of credit. These risk participations covered $573 million of the $6,262 million of standby letters of credit and financial guarantees outstanding at September 30, 2005. At September 30, 2005, the carrying value of the Corporation’s standby and commercial letters of credit and financial guarantees, which is included in “accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheet, totaled $68 million.
Note 10 — Contingent Liabilities
Tax Contingency
In the ordinary course of business, the Corporation enters into certain transactions that have tax consequences. From time to time, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) questions and/or challenges the tax position taken by the Corporation with respect to those transactions. The Corporation engaged in certain types of structured leasing transactions and a series of loans to foreign borrowers that the IRS is challenging. The Corporation believes that its tax position related to both transaction groups referred to above is proper based upon applicable statutes, regulations and case law in effect at the time of the transactions. The Corporation intends to defend its position vigorously in accordance with its view of the law controlling these activities. However, a court, or administrative authority, if presented with the transactions, could disagree with the Corporation’s interpretation of the tax law. The ultimate outcome is not known.
Based on current knowledge and probability assessment of various potential outcomes, management believes that the current tax reserves determined in accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” are adequate to cover the above matters and the amount of any incremental liability arising from these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. Probabilities and outcomes are reviewed as events unfold, and adjustments to the reserves are made when necessary.
Lease Accounting Contingency
A proposed FASB Staff Position (No. FAS 13-a) was issued in July 2005 to address the impact of a change or projected change in the timing of cash flows related to income taxes generated by a leveraged lease transaction. The proposed FASB Staff Position would require a recalculation of lease income for changes in the timing of expected cash flows related to income taxes, including interest and penalties. The recalculation could result in the recognition of a gain or loss in earnings and the reclassification of the lease to a direct financing lease. The impact on the Corporation will not be known until the FASB issues final accounting guidance.
See “Part II. Item 1. Legal Proceedings” for information regarding the Corporation’s legal contingencies.
18
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 11 — Business Segment Information
The Corporation has strategically aligned its operations into three major business segments: the Business Bank, Small Business & Personal Financial Services, and Wealth & Institutional Management. These business segments are differentiated based on the type of customer and the related products and services provided. In addition to the three major business segments, the Finance Division is also reported as a segment. The Finance segment includes the Corporation’s securities portfolio and asset and liability management activities. This segment is responsible for managing the Corporation’s funding, liquidity and capital needs, performing interest sensitivity analysis and executing various strategies to manage the Corporation’s exposure to liquidity, interest rate risk, and foreign exchange risk. The Other category includes divested business lines, the income and expense impact of equity, cash and loan loss reserves not assigned to specific business segments, tax benefits not assigned to specific business segments and miscellaneous other expenses of a corporate nature. The loan loss reserves in the Other category include the unallocated allowance for loan losses and the portion of the allowance allocated based on industry specific and international risks. Business segment results are produced by the Corporation’s internal management accounting system. This system measures financial results based on the internal business unit structure of the Corporation. Information presented is not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other financial institution. The management accounting system assigns balance sheet and income statement items to each line of business using certain methodologies, which are regularly reviewed and refined. For comparability purposes, amounts in all periods are based on lines of business and methodologies in effect at September 30, 2005. These methodologies may be modified as management accounting systems are enhanced and changes occur in the organizational structure or product lines.
For a description of the business activities of each line of business and the methodologies, which form the basis for these results, refer to Note 24 in the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report.
A discussion of the financial results and the factors impacting performance for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 can be found in the section entitled “Business Segments” in “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.
19
Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 11 — Business Segment Information (continued)
Business segment financial results for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 are shown in the table below.
Small Business & | Wealth & | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Personal Financial | Institutional | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollar amounts in millions) | Business Bank | Services | Management | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||
Earnings summary: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) (FTE) | $ | 1,054 | $ | 1,039 | $ | 451 | $ | 436 | $ | 111 | $ | 111 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan losses | — | (3 | ) | 6 | 9 | (4 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 212 | 211 | 156 | 162 | 241 | 230 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expenses | 484 | 440 | 397 | 376 | 256 | 242 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (FTE) | 258 | 290 | 72 | 77 | 35 | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 524 | $ | 523 | $ | 132 | $ | 136 | $ | 65 | $ | 64 | ||||||||||||
Net charge-offs | $ | 66 | $ | 142 | $ | 17 | $ | 13 | $ | 5 | $ | 4 | ||||||||||||
Selected average balances: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | $ | 35,444 | $ | 32,929 | $ | 6,486 | $ | 6,462 | $ | 3,656 | $ | 3,321 | ||||||||||||
Loans | 34,127 | 31,801 | 5,803 | 5,730 | 3,377 | 3,067 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 20,372 | 19,434 | 16,814 | 16,722 | 2,472 | 2,541 | ||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | 21,174 | 20,086 | 16,812 | 16,714 | 2,479 | 2,551 | ||||||||||||||||||
Attributed equity | 2,509 | 2,451 | 792 | 786 | 416 | 406 | ||||||||||||||||||
Statistical data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average assets (1) | 1.97 | % | 2.12 | % | 1.00 | % | 1.04 | % | 2.36 | % | 2.54 | % | ||||||||||||
Return on average attributed equity | 27.84 | 28.47 | 22.20 | 23.05 | 20.71 | 20.72 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (2) | 4.11 | 4.34 | 3.59 | 3.48 | 4.35 | 4.80 | ||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 38.30 | 35.22 | 65.35 | 62.96 | 72.66 | 71.04 |
Finance | Other | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||
Earnings summary: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) (FTE) | $ | (162 | ) | $ | (238 | ) | $ | 4 | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 1,458 | $ | 1,346 | |||||||||
Provision for loan losses | — | — | (29 | ) | 80 | (27 | ) | 85 | ||||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 42 | 48 | 10 | 3 | 661 | 654 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expenses | — | — | 42 | 55 | 1,179 | 1,113 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (FTE) | (52 | ) | (69 | ) | — | (82 | ) | 313 | 252 | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | (68 | ) | $ | (121 | ) | $ | 1 | $ | (52 | ) | $ | 654 | $ | 550 | |||||||||
Net charge-offs | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 88 | $ | 159 | ||||||||||||
Selected average balances: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | $ | 5,412 | $ | 7,373 | $ | 961 | $ | 806 | $ | 51,959 | $ | 50,891 | ||||||||||||
Loans | (17 | ) | (15 | ) | 43 | 18 | 43,333 | 40,601 | ||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 654 | 1,369 | 45 | 17 | 40,357 | 40,083 | ||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | 6,082 | 6,278 | 316 | 233 | 46,863 | 45,862 | ||||||||||||||||||
Attributed equity | 524 | 677 | 855 | 709 | 5,096 | 5,029 | ||||||||||||||||||
Statistical data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average assets (1) | N/M | N/M | N/M | N/M | 1.68 | % | 1.44 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Return on average attributed equity | N/M | N/M | N/M | N/M | 17.11 | 14.57 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (2) | N/M | N/M | N/M | N/M | 4.08 | 3.82 | ||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | N/M | N/M | N/M | N/M | 55.63 | 55.66 |
(1) | Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity. | |
(2) | Net interest margin is calculated based on the greater of average earning assets or average deposits and purchased funds. N/M — Not Meaningful |
20
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 11 — Business Segment Information (continued)
The Corporation’s management accounting system also produces geographic market segment results for the Corporation’s four primary geographic markets: Midwest & Other Markets, Western, Texas, and Florida.
Midwest & Other Markets includes all markets in which the Corporation has operations except for the Western, Texas and Florida markets, as described below. Substantially all of the Corporation’s international operations are included in the Midwest & Other Markets segment. Currently, Michigan operations represent the significant majority of this geographic market.
The Western market consists of the states of California, Arizona, Nevada, Colorado and Washington. Currently, California operations represent the significant majority of the Western market.
The Texas and Florida markets consist of the states of Texas and Florida, respectively.
The Finance & Other Businesses segment includes the Corporation’s securities portfolio, asset and liability management activities, divested business lines, the income and expense impact of equity, cash and loan loss reserves not assigned to specific business lines/market segments, tax benefits not assigned to specific business lines/market segments and miscellaneous other expenses of a corporate nature. This segment includes responsibility for managing the Corporation’s funding, liquidity and capital needs, performing interest sensitivity analysis and executing various strategies to manage the Corporation’s exposure to liquidity, interest rate risk and foreign exchange risk.
A discussion of the market segment financial results and the factors impacting performance for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 can be found in the section entitled “Geographic Market Segments” in “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.
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Table of Contents
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 11 — Business Segment Information (continued)
Market segment financial results for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 are shown in the table below.
(dollar amounts in millions) | Midwest & Other Markets | Western | Texas | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||
Earnings summary: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) (FTE) | $ | 808 | $ | 803 | $ | 596 | $ | 576 | $ | 180 | $ | 179 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan losses | 33 | (19 | ) | (25 | ) | 26 | (5 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 448 | 428 | 91 | 106 | 58 | 58 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expenses | 666 | 643 | 312 | 269 | 137 | 130 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (FTE) | 172 | 197 | 149 | 160 | 36 | 39 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 385 | $ | 410 | $ | 251 | $ | 227 | $ | 70 | $ | 72 | ||||||||||||
Net charge-offs | $ | 65 | $ | 82 | $ | 12 | $ | 71 | $ | 7 | $ | 6 | ||||||||||||
Selected average balances: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | $ | 25,093 | $ | 24,221 | $ | 13,929 | $ | 12,538 | $ | 5,131 | $ | 4,646 | ||||||||||||
Loans | 23,669 | 22,982 | 13,276 | 11,837 | 4,942 | 4,483 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 18,880 | 19,080 | 16,833 | 15,561 | 3,651 | 3,844 | ||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | 19,646 | 19,741 | 16,876 | 15,563 | 3,651 | 3,838 | ||||||||||||||||||
Attributed equity | 2,142 | 2,121 | 1,040 | 1,025 | 465 | 435 | ||||||||||||||||||
Statistical data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average assets (1) | 2.05 | % | 2.26 | % | 1.87 | % | 1.82 | % | 1.79 | % | 2.06 | % | ||||||||||||
Return on average attributed equity | 24.00 | 25.79 | 32.22 | 29.47 | 19.83 | 22.00 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (2) | 4.52 | 4.63 | 4.73 | 4.94 | 4.84 | 5.32 | ||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 53.05 | 52.30 | 45.35 | 39.45 | 57.72 | 54.92 |
Florida | Finance & Other Businesses | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||
Earnings summary: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income (expense) (FTE) | $ | 32 | $ | 28 | $ | (158 | ) | $ | (240 | ) | $ | 1,458 | $ | 1,346 | ||||||||||
Provision for loan losses | (1 | ) | 2 | (29 | ) | 80 | (27 | ) | 85 | |||||||||||||||
Noninterest income | 12 | 11 | 52 | 51 | 661 | 654 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest expenses | 22 | 16 | 42 | 55 | 1,179 | 1,113 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (FTE) | 8 | 7 | (52 | ) | (151 | ) | 313 | 252 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 15 | $ | 14 | $ | (67 | ) | $ | (173 | ) | $ | 654 | $ | 550 | ||||||||||
Net charge-offs | $ | 4 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 88 | $ | 159 | ||||||||||||
Selected average balances: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets | $ | 1,433 | $ | 1,307 | $ | 6,373 | $ | 8,179 | $ | 51,959 | $ | 50,891 | ||||||||||||
Loans | 1,420 | 1,296 | 26 | 3 | 43,333 | 40,601 | ||||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 294 | 212 | 699 | 1,386 | 40,357 | 40,083 | ||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities | 292 | 209 | 6,398 | 6,511 | 46,863 | 45,862 | ||||||||||||||||||
Attributed equity | 70 | 62 | 1,379 | 1,386 | 5,096 | 5,029 | ||||||||||||||||||
Statistical data: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Return on average assets (1) | 1.34 | % | 1.40 | % | N/M | N/M | 1.68 | % | 1.44 | % | ||||||||||||||
Return on average attributed equity | 27.31 | 29.37 | N/M | N/M | 17.11 | 14.57 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (2) | 3.02 | 2.93 | N/M | N/M | 4.08 | 3.82 | ||||||||||||||||||
Efficiency ratio | 50.60 | 41.90 | N/M | N/M | 55.63 | 55.66 |
(1) | Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity. | |
(2) | Net interest margin is calculated based on the greater of average earning assets or average deposits and purchased funds. N/M — Not Meaningful |
22
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 12 — Pending Transactions
In July 2005, Munder Capital Management (“Munder”), a subsidiary of the Corporation, announced that Framlington Holdings Limited, which is 49 percent owned by Munder’s United Kingdom subsidiary, Munder UK, L.L.C., and 51 percent indirectly owned by HSBC Holdings plc, reached an agreement to sell its 90.8 percent interest in London-based Framlington Group Limited. The sale closed on October 31, 2005. The sale, net of associated costs and assigned goodwill, will result in a net after-tax gain of approximately $32 million in the fourth quarter 2005. The effects of the sale will be reflected in the Corporation’s Wealth & Institutional Management business segment. The carrying amount of the assets and liabilities to be disposed of as a result of this transaction are not material to the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2005. The Corporation has recognized $7 million in “equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries” on the consolidated statement of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 related to its investment in Framlington Group Limited.
In September 2005, the Corporation announced it had reached an agreement to sell its Mexican bank charter. The cash sale is subject to regulatory approvals, and is currently expected to close in the fourth quarter 2005. Subject to market effects, the Corporation expects that the sale will result in a nominal after-tax gain. The effects of the sale will be reflected in the Corporation’s Business Bank business segment. As a result of this transaction, in accordance with SFAS 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” approximately $69 million of assets have been classified as assets held-for-sale which are included in “short-term investments” on the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2005. In addition, approximately $140 million of liabilities have been classified as liabilities held-for-sale which are included in “accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2005.
Note 13 — Pending Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” a revision of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” SFAS No. 123(R) requires all stock-based compensation awards granted to employees be recognized in the financial statements at fair value. SFAS No. 123(R) will allow for two transition alternatives for public entities: modified-prospective transition or modified-retrospective transition. Under the modified-prospective transition method, companies would be required to recognize compensation cost for share-based payments to employees based on their grant-date fair value from the beginning of the fiscal period in which the recognition provisions are first applied. Measurement and attribution of compensation cost for awards that were granted prior to, but not vested as of the date SFAS No. 123(R) is adopted would be based on the same estimate of the grant-date fair value and the same attribution method used previously under SFAS No. 123. Prior periods would not be restated. Under the modified-retrospective transition method, companies would be allowed to restate prior periods by recognizing compensation cost in the amounts previously reported in the proforma footnote disclosures under the provisions of SFAS No. 123. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for proforma footnote disclosures reported for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. New awards and unvested awards would be accounted for in the same manner for both the modified-prospective and modified-retrospective methods.
The Corporation’s current accounting policy is to record expense associated with stock options and restricted stock awards (stock-based compensation) over the explicit service period (vesting period). Upon retirement, any remaining unrecognized costs related to stock-based compensation retained after retirement are expensed. SFAS No. 123(R) requires that the expense associated with stock-based compensation be recorded over the requisite service period. The requisite service period is defined as the period during which an employee is required to provide service in order to vest the award. This guidance requires that all stock-based compensation must be expensed by the retirement eligible date (the date at which the employee is no longer required to perform any service to receive the stock-based compensation). Therefore, the requisite service period for both stock options and restricted stock is the period between grant date and retirement eligible date. Under the Corporation’s current stock option plan, retiring employees forfeit stock options granted in the calendar year of retirement, but retain all stock options granted in prior years (whether vested or unvested at retirement). Restricted stock grants stipulate that unvested shares are forfeited upon retirement or other termination of employment unless the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Corporation determines otherwise. In certain instances, after review of the specific circumstances, the Compensation Committee waived the forfeiture provision for individuals who were retirement eligible. In May 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) indicated that, as a result of the widespread practice of recognizing compensation cost over the explicit service period (up to the date of actual retirement), the SEC will accept that practice and, in those circumstances, will require a continuation of that practice for stock-based compensation awards granted prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R).
23
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries
Note 13 — Pending Accounting Pronouncements (continued)
As such, the Corporation will begin expensing stock-based compensation awards by the retirement eligible date prospectively, beginning with stock-based compensation grants subsequent to the adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). Stock-based compensation expense, net of related tax effects, would have increased $1 million in both the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, and $2 million in both the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, had the requisite service period provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) been applied on a historical basis.
In April 2005, the SEC delayed the required adoption date of SFAS No. 123(R) for public companies to the beginning of the first annual period beginning after June 15, 2005. Early adoption will be permitted in periods in which financial statements have not yet been issued. In 2002, the Corporation adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 on a prospective basis. The Corporation is currently evaluating the guidance contained in SFAS No. 123(R) to determine the effect, if any, adoption of the guidance will have on the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations.
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Table of Contents
ITEM 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Results of Operations
Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was $238 million, an increase of $42 million, or 22 percent, from $196 million reported for the three months ended September 30, 2004. Quarterly diluted net income per share increased 25 percent to $1.41 in the third quarter 2005, compared to $1.13 in the same period a year ago. Return on average common shareholders’ equity was 18.59 percent and return on average assets was 1.78 percent for the third quarter 2005, compared to 15.68 percent and 1.55 percent, respectively, for the comparable quarter last year. The increase in earnings in the third quarter of 2005 over the comparable quarter last year resulted primarily from a $61 million increase in net interest income and a $30 million decrease in the provision for loan losses, partially offset by a $50 million increase in noninterest expenses.
Net income for the first nine months of 2005 was $3.85 per diluted share, or $654 million, compared to $3.15 per diluted share, or $550 million, for the comparable period last year, increases of 22 percent and 19 percent, respectively. Return on average common shareholders’ equity was 17.11 percent and return on average assets was 1.68 percent for the first nine months of 2005, compared to 14.57 percent and 1.44 percent, respectively, for the first nine months of 2004. The increase in earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 over the comparable period a year ago resulted primarily from a $112 million decrease in the provision for loan losses and a $111 million increase in net interest income, partially offset by a $66 million increase in noninterest expenses.
Net Interest Income
The rate-volume analysis in Table I details the components of the change in net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent (FTE) basis for the quarter ended September 30, 2005. On a FTE basis, net interest income increased $61 million to $513 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, from $452 million for the comparable quarter in 2004. Net interest income in the third quarter 2005 was impacted by the warrant accounting change discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements resulting in a $20 million increase in net interest income and a 16 basis point increase in the net interest margin, in the third quarter 2005. The $61 million increase in net interest income in the third quarter 2005, as compared to the same period in 2004, resulted primarily from an improvement in spreads on earning assets due to a greater contribution from noninterest-bearing deposits in a higher rate environment, the warrant accounting change discussed above, loan growth, and a change in the earning asset mix from short-term investments to loans. Average earning assets increased $2.6 billion, or six percent, when compared to the third quarter of last year. A $3.9 billion increase in average loans to $44.6 billion for the third quarter 2005 was partially offset by a $1.0 billion decline in average short-term investments, and a $290 million decline in average investment securities available-for-sale. The net interest margin (FTE) for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was 4.15 percent, as compared to 3.86 percent for the comparable period in 2004. The increase in the net interest margin (FTE) was due to the reasons cited above for the increase in net interest income. For further discussion of the effects of market rates on net interest income, refer to “Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk”.
Table II provides an analysis of net interest income for the first nine months of 2005. On a FTE basis, net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was $1,458 million, compared to $1,346 million for the same period in 2004, an increase of $112 million. Average earning assets increased two percent, to $47.7 billion, in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, when compared to the same period in the prior year. Average loans increased $2.7 billion, to $43.3 billion, while average short-term investments declined $1.4 billion and average investment securities available-for-sale declined $609 million. Net interest income in the third quarter 2005 was impacted by the warrant accounting change discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements resulting in a $20 million increase in net interest income and a six basis point increase in the net interest margin, in the nine months ended September 30, 2005. The net interest margin (FTE) for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 increased to 4.08 percent from 3.82 percent for the same period in 2004, due to the reasons cited in the quarterly discussion above.
Net interest income and net interest margin are impacted by the operations of the Corporation’s Financial Services Division (FSD). FSD customers deposit large balances (primarily noninterest-bearing) with a wholly-owned bank subsidiary of the Corporation. The wholly-owned subsidiary bank pays certain customer service expenses (included in noninterest expenses on the consolidated statements of income) and/or makes low-rate loans (included in net interest income on the consolidated statements of income) to such customers. Footnote (2) to Tables I and II displays average FSD loans and deposits, with related interest income/expense and average rates.
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Table of Contents
The impact on the net interest margin (FTE) of FSD loans (primarily low-rate loans), assuming the loans were funded by FSD noninterest-bearing deposits, was as follows:
Impact on Net Interest Margin (FTE) | |||
Three months ended September 30, 2005 | (0.18 | )% | |
Three months ended June 30, 2005 | (0.09 | ) | |
Three months ended September 30, 2004 | (0.09 | ) | |
Nine months ended September 30, 2005 | (0.13 | ) | |
Nine months ended September 30, 2004 | (0.07 | ) |
Management currently expects net interest margin to be about 3.90% for the fourth quarter 2005.
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Table I — Quarterly Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume (FTE)
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | Average | Average | |||||||||||||||||||||
(dollar amounts in millions) | Balance | Interest | Rate | Balance | Interest | Rate | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans (2) | $ | 25,230 | $ | 378 | 5.95 | % | $ | 22,096 | $ | 234 | 4.21 | % | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans | 3,202 | 60 | 7.40 | 3,273 | 46 | 5.58 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans (2) | 8,631 | 138 | 6.37 | 7,951 | 104 | 5.22 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | 1,418 | 20 | 5.76 | 1,239 | 18 | 5.63 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer loans | 2,703 | 41 | 6.04 | 2,671 | 31 | 4.68 | ||||||||||||||||||
Lease financing | 1,300 | 10 | 2.98 | 1,266 | 11 | 3.46 | ||||||||||||||||||
International loans | 2,098 | 33 | 6.27 | 2,149 | 26 | 4.87 | ||||||||||||||||||
Business loan swap income | — | (5 | ) | — | — | 45 | — | |||||||||||||||||
Total loans | 44,582 | 675 | 6.01 | 40,645 | 515 | 5.04 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment securities available-for-sale (1) | 3,935 | 38 | 3.80 | 4,225 | 36 | 3.31 | ||||||||||||||||||
Short-term investments | 549 | 7 | 4.76 | 1,556 | 8 | 2.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total earning assets | 49,066 | 720 | 5.82 | 46,426 | 559 | 4.78 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 1,788 | 1,652 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (601 | ) | (774 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued income and other assets | 3,209 | 3,044 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 53,462 | $ | 50,348 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Money market and NOW deposits (2) | $ | 16,987 | 89 | 2.09 | $ | 17,526 | 47 | 1.06 | ||||||||||||||||
Savings deposits (2) | 1,531 | 2 | 0.52 | 1,652 | 1 | 0.36 | ||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit (2) | 5,912 | 44 | 2.92 | 5,826 | 26 | 1.79 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign office time deposits | 1,110 | 12 | 4.21 | 718 | 5 | 2.76 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 25,540 | 147 | 2.28 | 25,722 | 79 | 1.22 | ||||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 1,804 | 16 | 3.52 | 251 | 1 | 1.36 | ||||||||||||||||||
Medium- and long-term debt | 4,144 | 44 | 4.26 | 4,462 | 27 | 2.45 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing sources | 31,488 | 207 | 2.61 | 30,435 | 107 | 1.40 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits (2) | 15,734 | 14,012 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 1,124 | 911 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Common shareholders’ equity | 5,116 | 4,990 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 53,462 | $ | 50,348 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/rate spread (FTE) | $ | 513 | 3.21 | $ | 452 | 3.38 | ||||||||||||||||||
FTE adjustment | $ | 1 | $ | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Impact of net noninterest bearing sources of funds | 0.94 | 0.48 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets) (FTE) | 4.15 | % | 3.86 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Average rate based on average historical cost. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(2) FSD balances included above: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
FSD loans (primarily low-rate loans) | $ | 2,334 | $ | 2 | 0.42 | % | $ | 1,151 | $ | 2 | 0.50 | % | ||||||||||||
FSD interest-bearing deposits | 2,578 | 20 | 3.04 | 2,080 | 8 | 1.54 | ||||||||||||||||||
FSD noninterest-bearing deposits | 6,430 | 5,080 |
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Table I — Quarterly Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume (FTE) (continued)
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 30, 2005/September 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||
Increase | ||||||||||||
(Decrease) | ||||||||||||
Due to | Increase (Decrease) | Net | ||||||||||
(in millions) | Rate | Due to Volume * | Increase (Decrease) | |||||||||
Loans | $ | 102 | $ | 58 | $ | 160 | ||||||
Investments securities available-for-sale | 5 | (3 | ) | 2 | ||||||||
Short-term investments | 8 | (9 | ) | (1 | ) | |||||||
Total earning assets | 115 | 46 | 161 | |||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits | 66 | 2 | 68 | |||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 1 | 14 | 15 | |||||||||
Medium and long-term debt | 21 | (4 | ) | 17 | ||||||||
Total interest-bearing sources | 88 | 12 | 100 | |||||||||
Net interest income/rate spread (FTE) | $ | 27 | $ | 34 | $ | 61 | ||||||
* | Rate/Volume variances are allocated to variances due to volume. |
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Table II – Year-to-date Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume (FTE)
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | Average | Average | |||||||||||||||||||||
(dollar amounts in millions) | Balance | Interest | Rate | Balance | Interest | Rate | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial loans (2) | $ | 24,207 | $ | 993 | 5.48 | % | $ | 21,997 | $ | 669 | 4.06 | % | ||||||||||||
Real estate construction loans | 3,119 | 163 | 6.97 | 3,293 | 129 | 5.24 | ||||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans (2) | 8,488 | 385 | 6.07 | 7,989 | 304 | 5.08 | ||||||||||||||||||
Residential mortgage loans | 1,362 | 58 | 5.70 | 1,225 | 52 | 5.71 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer loans | 2,703 | 115 | 5.70 | 2,650 | 92 | 4.62 | ||||||||||||||||||
Lease financing | 1,281 | 36 | 3.72 | 1,276 | 39 | 4.05 | ||||||||||||||||||
International loans | 2,173 | 95 | 5.82 | 2,171 | 73 | 4.46 | ||||||||||||||||||
Business loan swap income | — | 14 | — | — | 154 | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Total loans | 43,333 | 1,859 | 5.73 | 40,601 | 1,512 | 4.97 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment securities available-for-sale (1) | 3,802 | 107 | 3.69 | 4,411 | 111 | 3.32 | ||||||||||||||||||
Short-term investments | 581 | 18 | 4.18 | 1,948 | 25 | 1.73 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total earning assets | 47,716 | 1,984 | 5.55 | 46,960 | 1,648 | 4.68 | ||||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 1,709 | 1,681 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (644 | ) | (805 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued income and other assets | 3,178 | 3,055 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 51,959 | $ | 50,891 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Money market and NOW deposits (2) | $ | 17,326 | 235 | 1.81 | $ | 17,772 | 131 | 0.99 | ||||||||||||||||
Savings deposits (2) | 1,560 | 6 | 0.45 | 1,636 | 5 | 0.38 | ||||||||||||||||||
Certificates of deposit (2) | 5,661 | 110 | 2.60 | 6,110 | 76 | 1.66 | ||||||||||||||||||
Foreign office time deposits | 855 | 26 | 4.08 | 655 | 12 | 2.47 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 25,402 | 377 | 1.98 | 26,173 | 224 | 1.14 | ||||||||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 1,148 | 28 | 3.26 | 275 | 2 | 1.05 | ||||||||||||||||||
Medium- and long-term debt | 4,244 | 121 | 3.82 | 4,607 | 76 | 2.22 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing sources | 30,794 | 526 | 2.28 | 31,055 | 302 | 1.30 | ||||||||||||||||||
Noninterest-bearing deposits (2) | 14,955 | 13,910 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other liabilities | 1,114 | 897 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Common shareholders’ equity | 5,096 | 5,029 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 51,959 | $ | 50,891 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/rate spread (FTE) | $ | 1,458 | 3.27 | $ | 1,346 | 3.38 | ||||||||||||||||||
FTE adjustment | $ | 3 | $ | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Impact of net noninterest bearing sources of funds | 0.81 | 0.44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets) (FTE) | 4.08 | % | 3.82 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
(1) Average rate based on average historical cost. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(2) FSD balances included above: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
FSD loans (primarily low-rate loans) | $ | 1,598 | $ | 5 | 0.48 | % | $ | 808 | $ | 3 | 0.52 | % | ||||||||||||
FSD interest-bearing deposits | 2,596 | 53 | 2.75 | 1,890 | 19 | 1.32 | ||||||||||||||||||
FSD noninterest-bearing deposits | 5,846 | 5,180 |
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Table II — Year-to-date Analysis of Net Interest Income & Rate/Volume (FTE) (continued)
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||
September 30, 2005/September 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||
Increase | ||||||||||||
(Decrease) | ||||||||||||
Due to | Increase (Decrease) | Net | ||||||||||
(in millions) | Rate | Due to Volume * | Increase (Decrease) | |||||||||
Loans | $ | 233 | $ | 114 | $ | 347 | ||||||
Investments securities available-for-sale | 13 | (17 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||
Short-term investments | 27 | (34 | ) | (7 | ) | |||||||
Total earning assets | 273 | 63 | 336 | |||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits | 162 | (9 | ) | 153 | ||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 5 | 21 | 26 | |||||||||
Medium and long-term debt | 55 | (10 | ) | 45 | ||||||||
Total interest-bearing sources | 222 | 2 | 224 | |||||||||
Net interest income/rate spread (FTE) | $ | 51 | $ | 61 | $ | 112 | ||||||
* | Rate/Volume variances are allocated to variances due to volume. |
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Provision for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses was a credit of $30 million for the third quarter 2005, compared to no provision for the same period in 2004. The provision for the first nine months of 2005 was a credit of $27 million, compared to a charge of $85 million for the same period in 2004. The Corporation establishes this provision to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses, which is discussed in the section entitled “Allowance for Loan Losses and Nonperforming Assets.” The decrease in the provision for loan losses in the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2005 over the comparable period last year was primarily the result of improving credit quality trends. These trends reflected improving economic conditions in certain of the Corporation’s geographic markets. While the economic conditions in the Corporation’s Michigan market remained relatively flat over the last year, the economic conditions in both the Western and Texas markets have continued to improve in line with, or slightly better than, growth in the national economy. Forward-looking indicators suggest these economic conditions should continue for the remainder of 2005.
Noninterest Income
Noninterest income was $232 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $26 million, or 13 percent, over the same period in 2004. Noninterest income in the third quarter 2005 included $13 million of income (net of write-downs) from unconsolidated venture capital and private equity investments and $3 million of risk management hedge ineffectiveness losses (from interest rate and foreign exchange contracts), compared to $3 million of income distributions (net of write-downs) from unconsolidated venture capital and private equity investments and nominal risk management hedge ineffectiveness gains in the third quarter 2004. In addition, net investment advisory revenue increased $6 million, to $14 million in the third quarter 2005, compared to $8 million in the third quarter 2004, due to significant increases in assets under management resulting from new customers. Service charges on deposit accounts were $55 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2005, a decrease of $2 million from the comparable quarter in 2004, primarily due to higher earning credit allowances, driven by a higher rate environment, provided to business customers. Service charge income to business customers accounted for 67 percent of total service charges on deposit accounts in the third quarter 2005. Non-sufficient funds and overdraft fees accounted for 32 percent and 29 percent of service charges on deposit accounts in the third quarter 2005 and 2004, respectively. Noninterest income in the third quarter 2004 also included $6 million of net securities losses, principally due to a credit-related write-down of an investment in a private equity fund that is consolidated on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheet.
For the first nine months of 2005, noninterest income was $661 million, an increase of $7 million, or one percent, from the first nine months of 2004. Noninterest income in the first nine months of 2005 included $8 million of income distributions (net of write-downs) from unconsolidated venture capital and private equity investments, compared to $10 million of income distributions (net of write-downs) for the first nine months of 2004. Service charges on deposit accounts declined $15 million, to $163 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, when compared to the same period in the prior year. The decline in service charges was for the same reasons noted in for the quarterly discussion above. Other activity-based fees, which include commercial loan and letter of credit fees, increased $10 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 when compared to the same period in 2004. Net investment advisory revenue increased $10 million, to $36 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 for the same reasons noted in the quarterly discussion above. Noninterest income in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 also included a $7 million net gain on the sale of a portion of the Corporation’s merchant card processing business.
Management currently expects low-single digit growth in noninterest income in the full-year 2005, compared to 2004.
Noninterest Expenses
Noninterest expenses were $422 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2005, an increase of $50 million, or 13 percent, from the comparable quarter in 2004. Salaries and employee benefits expense increased $30 million, or 13 percent, in the third quarter 2005, when compared to the third quarter 2004, primarily due to an increase in business unit incentives, including an accrual of $4 million related to the warrant accounting change discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, annual merit increases, increased pension expense, and an increase in stock-based compensation. Stock-based compensation in the third quarter 2004 was impacted by a $7 million reduction due to employee forfeitures and revisions to the employee forfeiture assumptions for stock options. Severance expense was $1 million in both the third quarter 2005 and 2004. Customer services expense, which represents compensation provided to customers, was $29 million in the third quarter 2005, compared to $8 million for the same period in 2004. The amount of customer services expense varies from period to period as a result of changes in the level of noninterest-bearing
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deposits in the Corporation’s Financial Services Division and the earnings credit allowances provided on these deposits, as well as a competitive environment. Litigation and operational losses, which include traditionally defined operating losses, such as fraud and processing losses, as well as uninsured losses and losses triggered by litigation, declined $12 million in the third quarter 2005, when compared to the third quarter 2004. These expenses are subject to fluctuation due to the timing of insurance receipts and litigation settlements. Occupancy expenses declined in spite of new branches added in the last year, due in part to the purchase of a previously leased operations center in March 2005, which results in annual savings of $7 million, beginning April 2005.
Noninterest expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were $1,179 million, an increase of $66 million, or six percent, from the first nine months of 2004. Salaries and employee benefits expense increased $46 million for the reasons cited in the quarterly discussion above. For the first nine months of 2005, severance expense was $3 million, compared to $8 million for the same period in 2004. Customer services expense increased $33 million, to $50 million in the first nine months of 2005, when compared to the same period in 2004 for the reasons cited in the quarterly discussion above. Litigation and operating losses declined $13 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, when compared to 2004 levels.
Management currently expects a mid-single digit increase in noninterest expenses in the full-year 2005, compared to 2004. Management also expects customer services expense to be between $17 million and $20 million in the fourth quarter 2005.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes for the third quarter 2005 was $114 million, compared to $89 million for the same period a year ago. The effective tax rate was 33 percent and 31 percent for the third quarter 2005 and 2004, respectively. The provision for the first nine months of 2005 was $310 million, compared to $250 million for the first nine months of 2004. The effective tax rate was 32 percent for the first nine months of 2005, compared to 31 percent for the first nine months of 2004. Taxes in the first nine months of 2004 were reduced by a $4 million (after-tax) adjustment to the state tax reserves that resulted from settlement of a tax liability with the state of California.
Management currently expects the effective tax rate to be approximately 32 to 33 percent for the full-year 2005.
Business Segments
The Corporation’s operations are strategically aligned into three major business segments: the Business Bank, Small Business & Personal Financial Services, and Wealth & Institutional Management. These business segments are differentiated based on the products and services provided. In addition to the three major business segments, the Finance Division is also reported as a segment. The Other category includes items not directly associated with these business segments or the Finance Division. Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements presents financial results of these businesses for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. For a description of the business activities of each business segment and the methodologies, which form the basis for these results, refer to Note 24 in the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report.
The following table presents net income (loss) by business segment.
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
(dollar amounts in millions) | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Business Bank | $ | 524 | 73 | % | $ | 523 | 72 | % | ||||||||
Small Business & Personal Financial Services | 132 | 18 | 136 | 19 | ||||||||||||
Wealth & Institutional Management | 65 | 9 | 64 | 9 | ||||||||||||
721 | 100 | % | 723 | 100 | % | |||||||||||
Finance | (68 | ) | (121 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other | 1 | (52 | ) | |||||||||||||
$ | 654 | $ | 550 | |||||||||||||
The Business Bank’s net income of $524 million increased $1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Net interest income (FTE) increased $15 million from the comparable prior year period. The increase in net interest income (FTE) was primarily due a $20 million
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adjustment related to the change in warrant accounting discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements and increased loan and deposit balances, partially offset by higher levels of low rate loans in the Financial Services Division and lower loan and deposit spreads that resulted from increased pricing competition. The provision for loan losses increased $3 million due to higher loan growth in the first nine months of 2005, compared to the same period in 2004, partially offset by an improvement in credit quality compared to the same period in 2004.Noninterest income of $212 million increased $1 million from the comparable period even though 2004 noninterest income included a $7 million gain on the sale of a portion of the Corporation’s merchant card processing business. Noninterest expenses increased $44 million, primarily due to a $33 million increase in customer services expense in the Financial Services Division and a $19 million increase in salaries and benefits expense, which included a $4 million business unit incentive accrual related to the warrant accounting change discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. These increases in noninterest expenses were partially offset by a $5 million decrease in the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments.
Small Business & Personal Financial Services’ net income decreased $4 million, or three percent, to $132 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Net interest income (FTE) increased $15 million, primarily due to an increase in deposit balances, deposit spreads, and loan balances, partially offset by declines in loan spreads. The provision for loan losses decreased $3 million, primarily due to an improvement in Small Business credit quality. Noninterest income decreased $6 million, primarily due to a $6 million decrease in service charges on deposits. Noninterest expenses increased $21 million, primarily due to a $9 million increase in salaries and benefits expense, due in part, from the opening of seven new branches in the nine months ended September 30, 2005, and an $8 million increase in allocated net corporate overhead expenses.
Wealth & Institutional Management’s net income increased $1 million, or 2 percent, to $65 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Net interest income (FTE) remained unchanged at $111 million as increases in loan balances were offset by declines in loan spreads and deposit balances. The provision for loan losses declined $3 million due to an improvement in Private Banking credit quality. Noninterest income increased $11 million, primarily due to a $10 million increase in investment advisory fees and a $4 million increase in personal trust fees. Noninterest expenses increased $14 million, primarily due to an $8 million increase in litigation and operational losses and a $4 million increase in other real estate expenses.
The net loss in the Finance Division was $68 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to a net loss of $121 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Contributing to the decline in net loss was a $76 million increase in net interest income (FTE), primarily due to the rising rate environment in which interest income received from the lending-related business units rises more quickly than the longer-term value attributed to deposits generated by the business units. Offsetting the increase in net interest income (FTE) was a $6 million decrease in noninterest income due to a $3 million decline in gains on the disposal of securities and a $2 million decline in risk management hedge income.
The net income in the Other category was $1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to a net loss of $52 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The lower net loss was primarily due to a $109 million decrease in the loan loss provision not assigned to other segments. Noninterest income as of the nine months ended September 30, 2005 increased $7 million from the comparable period in 2004. The nine months ended September 30, 2004 included $6 million of net securities losses resulting from a credit-related write-down of an investment in a consolidated private equity fund. The remaining variance is due to timing differences between when corporate overhead expenses are reflected as a consolidated expense and when the expenses are allocated to other segments.
Geographic Market Segments
The Corporation’s management accounting system also produces market segment results for the Corporation’s four primary geographic markets: Midwest & Other Markets, Western, Texas, and Florida. Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements presents financial results of these market segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004.
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The following table presents net income (loss) by market segment.
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
(dollar amounts in millions) | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2004 | ||||||||||||||
Midwest & Other Markets | $ | 385 | 53 | % | $ | 410 | 57 | % | ||||||||
Western | 251 | 35 | 227 | 31 | ||||||||||||
Texas | 70 | 10 | 72 | 10 | ||||||||||||
Florida | 15 | 2 | 14 | 2 | ||||||||||||
721 | 100 | % | 723 | 100 | % | |||||||||||
Finance & Other Businesses | (67 | ) | (173 | ) | ||||||||||||
$ | 654 | $ | 550 | |||||||||||||
The Midwest & Other Markets’ net income decreased $25 million, or six percent, to $385 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Net interest income (FTE) increased $5 million as increases in deposit spreads and loan balances were partially offset by decreases in loan spreads and deposit balances. The provision for loan losses increased $52 million due to higher loan growth in 2005 compared to the same period in 2004 and a smaller benefit from improving credit quality compared to the same period of 2004. Noninterest income increased $20 million, primarily due to a $10 million increase in investment advisory fees, a $5 million increase in letter of credit fees, and a $5 million increase in investment banking fees, partially offset by a $7 million decline in service charges on deposits. Noninterest expenses increased $23 million, primarily due to a $14 million increase in salaries and benefits expense, a $5 million increase in litigation and operational losses, and a $5 million increase in allocated net corporate overhead expenses.
The Western market’s net income increased $24 million, or 11 percent, to $251 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to $227 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Net interest income (FTE) increased $20 million from the comparable prior year period. The increase in net interest income (FTE) was primarily due to a $20 million adjustment related to the warrant accounting change discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements and increased deposit balances, partially offset by higher levels of low-rate loans in the Financial Services Division. The provision for loan losses decreased $51 million, primarily due to improving credit quality. Noninterest income declined $15 million, primarily due to a $7 million gain on the sale of a portion of the Corporation’s merchant card processing business in the second quarter of 2004 and a $5 million decline in service charges on deposits. Noninterest expenses increased $43 million, primarily due to a $33 million increase in customer services expenses in the Financial Services Division and an $8 million increase in salaries and benefits, due in part, from the opening of four new branches in the nine months ended September 30, 2005,and a $4 million business unit incentive accrual related to the warrant accounting change discussed above.
The Texas market’s net income decreased $2 million, or four percent, to $70 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Net interest income (FTE) increased $1 million. The provision for loan losses decreased $1 million as improving credit quality was partially offset by an increase in loan balances. Noninterest expenses increased $7 million, primarily due to a $5 million increase in salaries and benefits expense, due in part, from the opening of two new branches in the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
The Florida market’s net income increased $1 million, or five percent, to $15 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Net interest income (FTE) increased $4 million, as increases in loan and deposit balances were partially offset by decreases in loan and deposit spreads. The provision for loan losses decreased $3 million, primarily due to improving credit quality. Noninterest income increased $1 million, while noninterest expenses increased $6 million due, in part, to a $3 million increase in operational losses.
The net loss in the Finance and Other Businesses segment was $67 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, compared to a net loss of $173 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Contributing to the decline in net loss was an $82 million increase in net interest income (FTE), primarily due to the rising rate environment in which interest income received from the lending-related business units rises more quickly than the longer-term value attributed to deposits generated by the business units. The provision for loan losses decreased $109 million due to a decrease in the loan loss provision not assigned to other segments. Noninterest income increased $1 million. 2005 includes a $2 million decline in risk management hedge income, while 2004 included $6 million of net securities losses resulting from a credit-related write-down of an investment in a consolidated private equity fund, and a $3 million gain on the disposal of securities. The remaining variance is due to timing differences between when corporate overhead
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expenses are reflected as a consolidated expense and when the expenses are allocated to other segments.
Financial Condition
Total assets were $54.3 billion at September 30, 2005, compared to $51.8 billion at year-end 2004 and $53.0 billion at September 30, 2004. Total period-end loans increased $1.3 billion, or three percent, from December 31, 2004 to September 30, 2005. Within loans, on an average basis, there was growth in nearly all businesses and markets. Average loans grew in the Specialty Businesses (40 percent), Middle Market (7 percent), Global Corporate Banking (7 percent), and Small Business (5 percent) loan portfolios, from the fourth quarter 2004 to the third quarter 2005. The increase in average loans in the Specialty Businesses loan portfolio was primarily due to increases in average Financial Services Division (110 percent), technology and life sciences (31 percent) and energy (19 percent) loans. Short-term investments increased $389 million from December 31, 2004 to September 30, 2005, as a result of the significant increase in short-term deposits discussed below.
Management currently expects high-single digit average loan growth when compared to 2004 levels. Excluding the Corporation’s FSD loan portfolio, management expects mid-single digit average loan growth when compared to 2004 levels. Management also expects FSD-related average low-rate loans to be higher in the fourth quarter 2005, compared to third quarter 2005 levels.
Total liabilities increased $2.6 billion, or six percent, from $46.7 billion at December 31, 2004, to $49.3 billion at September 30, 2005. Total deposits increased seven percent to $43.7 billion at September 30, 2005, from $40.9 billion at year-end 2004. Deposits in the Corporation’s Financial Services Division, some of which are not expected to be long-lived, increased to $11.0 billion at September 30, 2005, from $8.5 billion at December 31, 2004, primarily due to continued strong mortgage business activity. Average deposits in the Corporation’s Financial Services Division were $9.0 billion in the third quarter 2005, compared to $8.0 billion in the fourth quarter 2004.
Management expects FSD-related average noninterest-bearing deposits to be lower in the fourth quarter 2005, compared to third quarter 2005 levels.
Allowance for Loan Losses and Nonperforming Assets
The allowance for loan losses represents management’s assessment of probable losses inherent in the Corporation’s loan portfolio. The allowance provides for probable losses that have been identified with specific customer relationships and for probable losses believed to be inherent in the loan portfolio, but that have not been specifically identified. Internal risk ratings are assigned to each business loan at the time of approval and are subject to subsequent periodic reviews by the Corporation’s senior management. The Corporation performs a detailed quarterly credit quality review on both large business and certain large personal purpose consumer and residential mortgage loans that have deteriorated below certain levels of credit risk, and may allocate a specific portion of the allowance to such loans based upon this review. The Corporation defines business loans as those belonging to the commercial, real estate construction, commercial mortgage, lease financing and international loan portfolios. A portion of the allowance is allocated to the remaining business loans by applying projected loss ratios, based on numerous factors identified below, to the loans within each risk rating. In addition, a portion of the allowance is allocated to these remaining loans based on industry specific and international risks inherent in certain portfolios, including portfolio exposures to automotive suppliers, retailers, contractors, technology-related, entertainment, air transportation and healthcare industries, Small Business Administration loans and certain Latin American risks. The portion of the allowance allocated to all other consumer and residential mortgage loans is determined by applying projected loss ratios to various segments of the loan portfolio. Projected loss ratios incorporate factors, such as recent charge-off experience, current economic conditions and trends, and trends with respect to past due and nonaccrual amounts, and are supported by underlying analysis, including information on migration and loss given default studies from each of the three major domestic geographic markets, as well as mapping to bond tables. The allocated portion of the allowance was $504 million at September 30, 2005, a decrease of $117 million from December 31, 2004. The decrease resulted primarily from the impact of favorable migration data on projected loss factors and a decrease in loan specific reserves.
Actual loss ratios experienced in the future may vary from those projected. The uncertainty occurs because factors affecting the determination of probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio may exist which are not necessarily captured by the application of projected loss ratios or identified industry specific and international risks. An unallocated portion of the allowance is maintained to capture these probable losses. The unallocated allowance reflects management’s view that the allowance should recognize the margin for error inherent in the process of estimating expected loan losses. Factors that were considered in the evaluation of the adequacy of the Corporation’s unallocated allowance include the
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inherent imprecision of the risk rating system, and the risk associated with new customer relationships. The unallocated allowance associated with the margin for imprecision in the risk rating system is based on a historical evaluation of the accuracy of the risk ratings associated with loans, while the unallocated allowance due to new business migration risk is based on an evaluation of the risk of rating downgrades associated with loans that do not have a full year of payment history. The unallocated allowance was $54 million at September 30, 2005, an increase of $2 million from December 31, 2004. This increase was due, in part, to an increase in new customer relationships.
The total allowance, including the unallocated amount, is available to absorb losses from any segment within the portfolio. Unanticipated economic events, including political, economic and regulatory instability in countries where the Corporation has a concentration of loans, could cause changes in the credit characteristics of the portfolio and result in an unanticipated increase in the allocated allowance. Inclusion of other industry specific and international portfolio exposures in the allocated allowance, as well as significant increases in the current portfolio exposures, could also increase the amount of the allocated allowance. Any of these events, or some combination, may result in the need for additional provision for loan losses in order to maintain an adequate allowance.
At September 30, 2005, the allowance for loan losses was $558 million, a decrease of $115 million from $673 million at December 31, 2004. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total period-end loans decreased to 1.33 percent from 1.65 percent at December 31, 2004. The Corporation also had an allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments of $14 million and $21 million, at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively, which is recorded in “accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. These lending-related commitments include unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit.
Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2005 were $220 million, compared to $339 million at December 31, 2004, a decrease of $119 million, or 35 percent. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of nonperforming assets increased to 253 percent at September 30, 2005, from 198 percent at December 31, 2004.
Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 were categorized as follows:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
(in millions) | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||
Nonaccrual loans: | ||||||||
Commercial | $ | 81 | $ | 161 | ||||
Real estate construction: | ||||||||
Real estate construction business line | 4 | 31 | ||||||
Other | — | 3 | ||||||
Total real estate construction | 4 | 34 | ||||||
Commercial mortgage: | ||||||||
Commercial real estate business line | 9 | 6 | ||||||
Other | 35 | 58 | ||||||
Total commercial mortgage | 44 | 64 | ||||||
Residential mortgage | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Consumer | 1 | 1 | ||||||
Lease financing | 39 | 15 | ||||||
International | 16 | 36 | ||||||
Total nonaccrual loans | 186 | 312 | ||||||
Reduced-rate loans | — | — | ||||||
Total nonperforming loans | 186 | 312 | ||||||
Other real estate | 34 | 27 | ||||||
Nonaccrual debt securities | — | — | ||||||
Total nonperforming assets | $ | 220 | $ | 339 | ||||
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing | $ | 14 | $ | 15 | ||||
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The following table presents a summary of changes in nonaccrual loans.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||
(in millions) | September 30, 2005 | June 30, 2005 | March 31, 2005 | |||||||||
Nonaccrual loans at beginning of period | $ | 212 | $ | 269 | $ | 312 | ||||||
Loans transferred to nonaccrual (1) | 81 | 47 | 66 | |||||||||
Nonaccrual business loan gross charge-offs (2) | (40 | ) | (38 | ) | (42 | ) | ||||||
Loans transferred to accrual status (1) | — | — | (4 | ) | ||||||||
Nonaccrual business loans sold (3) | (19 | ) | — | (14 | ) | |||||||
Payments/Other (4) | (48 | ) | (66 | ) | (49 | ) | ||||||
Nonaccrual loans at end of period | $ | 186 | $ | 212 | $ | 269 | ||||||
(1) Based on an analysis of nonaccrual loans with book balances greater than $2 million. | ||||||||||||
(2) Analysis of gross loan charge-offs: | ||||||||||||
Nonaccrual business loans | $ | 40 | $ | 38 | $ | 42 | ||||||
Performing watch list loans | 1 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||
Consumer and residential mortgage loans | 6 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
Total gross loan charge-offs | $ | 47 | $ | 43 | $ | 46 | ||||||
(3) Analysis of loans sold: | ||||||||||||
Nonaccrual business loans | $ | 19 | $ | — | $ | 14 | ||||||
Performing watch list loans sold | 34 | 7 | 4 | |||||||||
Total loans sold | $ | 53 | $ | 7 | $ | 18 | ||||||
(4) Net change related to nonaccrual loans with balances less than $2 million, other than business loan gross charge- offs and nonaccrual loans sold, are included in Payments/Other. |
Loans with balances greater than $2 million transferred to nonaccrual status were $81 million in the third quarter 2005, an increase of $34 million, or 72 percent, from $47 million in the second quarter 2005. There were two loans greater than $10 million transferred to nonaccrual during the third quarter of 2005. These loans totaled $48 million and were to companies in the airline ($36 million) and automotive ($13 million) industries.
The following table presents a summary of total internally classified nonaccrual and watch list loans (generally consistent with regulatory defined special mention, substandard and doubtful loans) at September 30, 2005, June 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004. Total nonaccrual and watch list loans decreased both in dollars and as a percentage of the total loan portfolio, mostly from the decline in nonaccrual loans.
(dollar amounts in millions) | September 30, 2005 | June 30, 2005 | December 31, 2004 | |||||||||
Total nonaccrual and watch list loans | $ | 2,058 | $ | 2,166 | $ | 2,245 | ||||||
As a percentage of total loans | 4.9 | % | 5.0 | % | 5.5 | % | ||||||
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The following table presents a summary of nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2005 and loans transferred to nonaccrual and net charge-offs during the three months ended September 30, 2005. Except as noted, the summary is based on the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code.
Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(dollar amounts in millions) | September 30, 2005 | September 30, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loans Transferred | Charge-Offs | |||||||||||||||||||||||
SIC Category | Nonaccrual Loans | To Nonaccrual (1) | (Recoveries) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Airline | $ | 39 | 21 | % | $ | 44 | 54 | % | $ | 13 | 63 | % | ||||||||||||
Automotive (2) | 38 | 20 | 13 | 16 | 7 | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||
Manufacturing | 26 | 14 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||
Real estate | 22 | 12 | 6 | 8 | — | (1 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Services | 22 | 12 | 9 | 11 | 4 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||
Retail trade | 7 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Contractors | 7 | 3 | — | — | (3 | ) | (14 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Wholesale trade | 6 | 3 | — | — | (1 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Entertainment | 5 | 3 | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Technology-related | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Consumer non-durables | 1 | 1 | — | — | (5 | ) | (27 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Transportation | 1 | 1 | — | — | (1 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other | 10 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 18 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 186 | 100 | % | $ | 81 | 100 | % | $ | 21 | 100 | % | ||||||||||||
(1) | Based on an analysis of nonaccrual loans with book balances greater than $2 million. | |
(2) | The Corporation’s concentration of credit in the automotive industry includes both a dealer and non-dealer component. The loans which should be aggregated into a concentration of credit are those which react similarly to change in economic conditions. This aggregation involves the exercise of judgment. The non-dealer component of automotive industry concentration focuses on those customers directly affected by automotive production. Included are: (a) original equipment manufacturers and Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers that produce components used in vehicles and whose primary revenue source is automotive-related (primary defined as greater than 50%) and (b) other manufacturers that produce components used in vehicles and whose primary revenue source is automotive-related. Loans less than $1 million and loans recorded in the Small Business division were excluded from the definition. |
Shared National Credit Program (SNC) loans comprised approximately 10 percent of total nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2005 and 11 percent at December 31, 2004. SNC loans are facilities greater than $20 million shared by three or more federally supervised financial institutions which are reviewed by regulatory authorities at the agent bank level. SNC loans comprised approximately 15 percent and 13 percent of total loans at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. There were no SNC loans included in the third quarter 2005 total net charge-offs.
Net charge-offs for the third quarter 2005 were $21 million, or 0.18 percent of average total loans, compared with $33 million, or 0.33 percent, for the third quarter 2004. The carrying value of nonaccrual loans as a percentage of contractual value declined to 51 percent at September 30, 2005, compared to 54 percent at December 31, 2004. The provision for loan losses was a credit of $30 million for the third quarter 2005, compared to no provision for the same period in 2004.
Management currently expects full-year 2005 net charge-offs to average loans of about 25 basis points.
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Capital
Common shareholders’ equity was $5.1 billion at both September 30, 2005, and December 31, 2004. The following table presents a summary of changes in common shareholders’ equity in the first nine months of 2005:
(in millions) | ||||
Balance at January 1, 2005 | $ | 5,105 | ||
Retention of retained earnings (net income less cash dividends declared) | 377 | |||
Recognition of stock-based compensation expense | 32 | |||
Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans | 45 | |||
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income | ||||
Cash flow hedges | (67 | ) | ||
Investment securities available-for-sale | (21 | ) | ||
Foreign currency translation adjustment | (1 | ) | ||
Repurchase of approximately 6.5 million common shares in the open market | (379 | ) | ||
Balance at September 30, 2005 | $ | 5,091 | ||
See “Part II. Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds” for information regarding the Corporation’s stock repurchases.
The Corporation’s capital ratios exceed minimum regulatory requirements as follows:
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2005 | 2004 | |||||||
Tier 1 common capital ratio* | 8.00 | % | 8.13 | % | ||||
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (4.00% — minimum)* | 8.62 | 8.77 | ||||||
Total risk-based capital ratio (8.00% — minimum)* | 11.99 | 12.75 | ||||||
Leverage ratio (3.00% — minimum)* | 10.10 | 10.37 |
* September 30, 2005 ratios are estimated.
At September 30, 2005, the Corporation and its banking subsidiaries exceeded the ratios required to be considered “well capitalized” (tier 1 risk-based capital, total risk-based capital and leverage ratios greater than 6 percent, 10 percent and 5 percent, respectively).
The Corporation expects to continue to be an active capital manager throughout 2005.
Critical Accounting Policies
The Corporation’s consolidated financial statements are prepared based on the application of accounting policies, the most significant of which are described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report, as updated in Note 1 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements in this report. These policies require numerous estimates and strategic or economic assumptions, which may prove inaccurate or subject to variations. Changes in underlying factors, assumptions or estimates could have a material impact on the Corporation’s future financial condition and results of operations. The most critical of these significant accounting policies are the policies for allowance for loan losses, pension plan accounting and goodwill. These policies are reviewed with the Audit and Legal Committee of the Corporation’s Board of Directors and are discussed more fully on pages 54-57 of the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report. As of the date of this report, the Corporation does not believe that there has been a material change in the nature or categories of its critical accounting policies or its estimates and assumptions from those discussed in its 2004 Annual Report.
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Other Matters
In July 2005, the department head and approximately 20 other employees in the Corporation’s Financial Services Division resigned their positions and took employment at another financial institution, Commercial Capital Bank (CCB). The Corporation is committed to the business of the Financial Services Division and to maintaining quality service to its customers. Numerous steps have been taken to mitigate the potential loss of customers. On July 28, 2005, Comerica Bank filed a complaint in the Superior Court for the County of San Francisco against CCB, Commercial Capital Bancorp Inc. and the employees who resigned in July 2005 and took employment with CCB. The complaint asserted various tort and contractual claims and sought monetary and injunctive relief.
On August 1, 2005, a Temporary Restraining Order (TRO) was entered that enjoins the corporate and individual defendants from using or destroying Comerica Bank’s confidential customer or employee information and requires the defendants to immediately turn over any such information in their custody or control. On November 2, 2005, the court heard Comerica Bank’s request for a preliminary injunction and took the matter under advisement. The TRO will continue in effect until the court rules on Comerica Bank’s request. The ultimate result of the litigation and the impact that will result from the staff departures is not known.
Long-term Outlook
The Corporation’s long-term objectives include: 5 to 7 percent of revenue growth, 2 to 3 percent noninterest expense growth, net charge-offs of 40 to 60 basis points, a 7 to 8 percent tier 1 common capital ratio and return on average common shareholders’ equity of 15 to 18 percent.
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ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Net interest income is the predominant source of revenue for the Corporation. Interest rate risk arises primarily through the Corporation’s core business activities of extending loans and accepting deposits. The Corporation actively manages its material exposure to interest rate risk. Management attempts to evaluate the effect of movements in interest rates on net interest income and uses interest rate swaps and other instruments to manage its interest rate risk exposure. The primary tool used by the Corporation in determining its exposure to interest rate risk is net interest income simulation analysis. The net interest income simulation analysis performed at the end of each quarter reflects changes to both interest rates and loan, investment and deposit volumes. Management evaluates “base” net interest income under what is believed to be the most likely balance sheet structure and interest rate environment. This “base” net interest income is then evaluated against interest rate scenarios that increase and decrease 200 basis points (but no lower than zero percent) from the most likely rate environment. For purposes of this analysis, the rise or decline in short-term interest rates occurs ratably over four months. The measurement of risk exposure at September 30, 2005 for a decline in short-term interest rates by 200 basis points identified approximately $53 million, or three percent, of forecasted net interest income at risk over the next 12 months. If short-term interest rates rise 200 basis points, forecasted net interest income would be enhanced by approximately $81 million, or four percent. Corresponding measures of risk exposure at December 31, 2004 were approximately $74 million, or four percent, of net interest income at risk for a decline in short-term interest rates by 200 basis points and an approximately $99 million, or five percent, enhancement of net interest income for a 200 basis point rise in rates. Corporate policy limits adverse change to no more than five percent of management’s most likely net interest income forecast and the Corporation is operating within this policy guideline.
Secondarily, the Corporation utilizes an economic value of equity analysis and a traditional interest sensitivity gap measure as alternative measures of interest rate risk exposure. At September 30, 2005, all three measures of interest rate risk were within established corporate policy guidelines.
At September 30, 2005, the Corporation had a $98 million portfolio of indirect (through funds) private equity and venture capital investments, and had commitments of $44 million to fund additional investments in future periods. The value of these investments is at risk to changes in equity markets, general economic conditions and a variety of other factors. The majority of these investments are not readily marketable and are reported in other assets. The investments are individually reviewed for impairment on a quarterly basis, by comparing the carrying value to the estimated fair value. The Corporation bases estimates of fair value for the majority of its indirect private equity and venture capital investments on the percentage ownership in the fair value of the entire fund, as reported by the fund management. In general, the Corporation does not have the benefit of the same information regarding the fund’s underlying investments as does fund management. Therefore, after indication that fund management adheres to accepted, sound and recognized valuation techniques, the Corporation generally utilizes the fair values assigned to the underlying portfolio investments by fund management. For those funds where fair value is not reported by fund management, the Corporation derives the fair value of the fund by estimating the fair value of each underlying investment in the fund. In addition to using qualitative information about each underlying investment, as provided by fund management, the Corporation gives consideration to information pertinent to the specific nature of the debt or equity investment, such as relevant market conditions, offering prices, operating results, financial conditions, exit strategy, and other qualitative information, as available. The uncertainty in the economy and equity markets may affect the values of the fund investments. Approximately 16 percent of the underlying debt and equity in these funds are to companies in the automotive industry.
The Corporation holds a portfolio of approximately 800 warrants for non-marketable equity securities. These warrants are primarily from high technology, non-public companies obtained as part of the loan origination process. The warrant portfolio is recorded at fair value, as discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. Fair value was determined using a Black-Scholes valuation model, which has four inputs: risk free rate, term, volatility, and stock price. Key assumptions used in the valuation were as follows. The risk free rate was estimated using the US treasury rate, as of the valuation date, corresponding with the expected term of the warrant. The Corporation used an expected term of one half of the remaining contractual term, which approximates 7 years. Volatility was estimated using an index of comparable publicly traded companies, which was based on the Standard Industrial Classification codes. For a substantial majority of the subject companies, an index method was utilized to estimate stock price. Under the index method, the subject companies’ values were “rolled-forward” from the inception date through the valuation date based on the change in value of an underlying index of guideline public companies. For the remaining companies, where the Corporation retains a lending relationship and where sufficient financial data existed, a market approach method was utilized. The value of these warrants is at risk to changes in equity markets, general economic conditions and a variety of other factors.
Certain components of the Corporation’s noninterest income, primarily fiduciary income and investment
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advisory revenue, are at risk to fluctuations in the market values of underlying assets, particularly equity securities. Other components of noninterest income, primarily brokerage fees, are at risk to changes in the level of market activity.
For further discussion of market risk, see Note 7 and pages 47-53 of the Corporation’s 2004 Annual Report.
ITEM 4.Controls and Procedures
(a) | Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Management has evaluated, with the participation of the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report (the “Evaluation Date”). Based on the evaluation, the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. |
(b) | Changes in Internal Controls. During the period to which this report relates, there have not been any changes in the Corporation’s internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, such controls. |
Forward-looking statements
This report includes forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, the Corporation may make other written and oral communication from time to time that contain such statements. All statements regarding the Corporation’s expected financial position, strategies and growth prospects and general economic conditions expected to exist in the future are forward-looking statements. The words, “anticipates,” “believes,” “feels,” “expects,” “estimates,” “seeks,” “strives,” “plans,” “intends,” “outlook,” “forecast,” “position,” “target,” “mission,” “assume,” “achievable,” “potential,” “strategy,” “goal,” “aspiration,” “outcome,” “continue,” “remain,” “maintain,” “trend,” “objective,” and variations of such words and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” “can,” “may” or similar expressions as they relate to the Corporation or its management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements.
The Corporation cautions that forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statement is made, and the Corporation does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect facts, circumstances, assumptions or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements and future results could differ materially from historical performance.
In addition to factors mentioned elsewhere in this report or previously disclosed in the Corporation’s SEC reports (accessible on the SEC’s website atwww.sec.gov or on the Corporation’s website atwww.comerica.com), the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements and future results could differ materially from historical performance. The Corporation cautions that these factors are not exclusive.
• | general political, economic or industry conditions, either domestically or internationally, may be less favorable than expected; | |
• | developments concerning credit quality in various industry sectors may result in an increase in the level of the Corporation’s provision for credit losses, nonperforming assets, net charge-offs and reserve for credit losses; | |
• | industries in which the Corporation has lending concentrations, including, but not limited to, the automotive production industry, could suffer a significant decline which could adversely affect the Corporation; | |
• | demand for commercial loans and investment advisory products may not accelerate as expected; | |
• | the mix of interest rates and maturities of the Corporation’s interest earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (primarily loans and deposits) may be less favorable than expected; | |
• | interest rate margin changes may be greater than expected; |
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• | there could be fluctuations in inflation or interest rates; | |
• | there could be changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies, including, but not limited to, the interest rate policies of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; | |
• | customer borrowing, repayment, investment and deposit practices generally may be different than anticipated; | |
• | management’s ability to maintain and expand customer relationships may differ from expectations; | |
• | management’s ability to retain key officers and employees may change; | |
• | the introductions, withdrawal, success and timing of business initiatives and strategies, including, but not limited to the opening of new branches or private banking offices, and plans to grow personal financial services and wealth management, may be less successful or may be different than anticipated; | |
• | competitive product and pricing pressures among financial institutions within the Corporation’s markets may change; | |
• | legal and regulatory proceedings and related matters with respect to the financial services industry, including those directly involving the Corporation and its subsidiaries, could adversely affect the Corporation or the financial services industry in general; | |
• | instruments, systems and strategies used to hedge or otherwise manage exposure to various types of credit, market and liquidity, operational, compliance and business risks and enterprise-wide risk could be less effective than anticipated, and the Corporation may not be able to effectively mitigate its risk exposures in particular market environments or against particular types of risk; | |
• | there could be terrorist activities or other hostilities, which may adversely affect the general economy, financial and capital markets, specific industries, and the Corporation; | |
• | there could be natural disasters, including, but not limited to, hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes and floods, which may adversely affect the general economy, financial and capital markets, specific industries, and the Corporation; | |
• | there could be changes in applicable laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, those concerning taxes, banking, securities, and insurance; and | |
• | there could be adverse conditions in the stock market. |
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.Legal Proceedings
The Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries are subject to various pending or threatened legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of business or operations. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of such matters, the Corporation cannot state what the eventual outcome of these matters will be. However, based on current knowledge and after consultation with legal counsel, management believes that current reserves, determined in accordance with SFAS No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies,” are adequate and the amount of any incremental liability arising from these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.
ITEM 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
On March 23, 2004, the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board”) authorized the purchase of up to 10 million shares of Comerica Incorporated outstanding common stock. On July 26, 2005, the Board authorized the purchase of up to an additional 10 million shares of Comerica Incorporated outstanding common stock. Substantially all shares purchased as part of the Corporation’s publicly announced repurchase program were transacted in the open market and were within the scope of Rule 10b-18, which provides a safe harbor for purchases in a given day if an issuer of equity securities satisfies the manner, timing, price and volume conditions of the rule when purchasing its own common shares in the open market. There is no expiration date for the Corporation’s share repurchase program. The following table summarizes the Corporation’s share repurchase activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Total Number of Shares | ||||||||||||||||
Total Number | Purchased as Part of Publicly | Remaining Share | ||||||||||||||
(shares in millions) | of Shares | Average Price | Announced Repurchase Plans | Repurchase | ||||||||||||
Month Ended | Repurchased | Paid Per Share | or Programs | Authorization (1) | ||||||||||||
January 31, 2005 | 0.2 | $ | 57.11 | 0.2 | 8.1 | |||||||||||
February 28, 2005 | 0.7 | 57.90 | 0.7 | 7.4 | ||||||||||||
March 31, 2005 | 1.2 | 55.91 | 1.2 | 6.2 | ||||||||||||
April 30, 2005 | 0.2 | 56.25 | 0.2 | 6.0 | ||||||||||||
May 31, 2005 | 0.9 | 56.70 | 0.9 | 5.1 | ||||||||||||
June 30, 2005 | 0.9 | 57.43 | 0.9 | 4.2 | ||||||||||||
July 31, 2005 (2) | — | 62.39 | — | 14.1 | ||||||||||||
August 31, 2005 | 0.8 | 60.10 | 0.8 | 13.3 | ||||||||||||
September 30, 2005 | 1.6 | 60.17 | 1.6 | 11.7 | ||||||||||||
Total | 6.5 | $ | 58.09 | 6.5 | 11.7 | |||||||||||
(1) | Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs. | |
(2) | Remaining share repurchase authorization includes the July 26, 2005, Board resolution for the repurchase of an additional 10 million shares. |
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ITEM 6.Exhibits
Exhibits
(10.1) | Comerica Incorporated Amended and Restated Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors (as corrected) | ||
(10.2) | Form of Employment Agreement (Executive Vice President version), as entered into between the Corporation and certain executive officers of the Corporation, and a schedule of the executive officers of the Corporation having such an agreement with the Corporation | ||
(10.3) | Form of Employment Agreement (Senior Vice President version), as entered into between the Corporation and certain executive officers of the Corporation, and a schedule of the executive officers of the Corporation having such an agreement with the Corporation | ||
(10.4) | Implementation Agreement dated July 28, 2005 between Framlington Holdings Limited, Guarantors as named in the Agreement and AXA Investment Managers SA (restated to reflect amendments on September 7, 2005) | ||
(10.5) | Second Amendment Agreement dated October 31, 2005 in relation to an Implementation Agreement dated July 28, 2005 (as amended on September 7, 2005) | ||
(10.6) | Cash Offer dated July 27, 2005 by AXA Investment Managers S.A. for the Entire Issued Share Capital of Framlington Group Limited | ||
(10.7) | Form of Acceptance relating to the Cash Offer by AXA Investment Managers S.A. for the Entire Issued Share Capital of Framlington Group Limited | ||
(11) | Statement re: Computation of Net Income Per Common Share | ||
(31.1) | Chairman, President and CEO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | ||
(31.2) | Executive Vice President and CFO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | ||
(32) | Section 1350 Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
COMERICA INCORPORATED (Registrant) | ||||
/s/ Elizabeth S. Acton | ||||
Elizabeth S. Acton Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
/s/ Marvin J. Elenbaas | ||||
Marvin J. Elenbaas Senior Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) |
Date: November 3, 2005
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | ||
No. | Description | |
10.1 | Comerica Incorporated Amended and Restated Incentive Plan for Non-Employee Directors (as corrected) | |
10.2 | Form of Employment Agreement (Executive Vice President version), as entered into between the Corporation and certain executive officers of the Corporation, and a schedule of the executive officers of the Corporation having such an agreement with the Corporation | |
10.3 | Form of Employment Agreement (Senior Vice President version), as entered into between the Corporation and certain executive officers of the Corporation, and a schedule of the executive officers of the Corporation having such an agreement with the Corporation | |
10.4 | Implementation Agreement dated July 28, 2005 between Framlington Holdings Limited, Guarantors as named in the Agreement and AXA Investment Managers SA (restated to reflect amendments on September 7, 2005) | |
10.5 | Second Amendment Agreement dated October 31, 2005 in relation to an Implementation Agreement dated July 28, 2005 (as amended on September 7, 2005) | |
10.6 | Cash Offer dated July 27, 2005 by AXA Investment Managers S.A. for the Entire Issued Share Capital of Framlington Group Limited | |
10.7 | Form of Acceptance relating to the Cash Offer by AXA Investment Managers S.A. for the Entire Issued Share Capital of Framlington Group Limited | |
11 | Statement re: Computation of Net Income Per Common Share | |
31.1 | Chairman, President and CEO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | |
31.2 | Executive Vice President and CFO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) | |
32 | Section 1350 Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002) |