Employee Benefit Plans | 14. Employee Benefit Plans The Company offers defined contribution retirement plans which cover the majority of its U.S. employees, as well as employees in certain other countries. The Company’s expense relating to defined contribution plans was $32,281 , $34,263 , and $25,645 for the years ended December 31, 2015 , 2014 , and 2013 , respectively. The Company sponsors qualified defined benefit pension plans covering certain employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. The plans’ benefits are generally based on years of service and employee compensation. The Company also provides to certain management employees, through non-qualified plans, supplemental retirement benefits in excess of qualified plan limits imposed by federal tax law. In July 2013, the Company announced that, after December 31, 2013, the U.S. qualified and non-qualified defined benefit plans will be closed to new employees. All pension-eligible employees as of December 31, 2013 will continue to earn a pension benefit through December 31, 2023 as long as they remain employed by an operating company participating in the plan. The Company also announced that effective, January 1, 2024, the plan would be frozen to any future benefit accruals. In connection with the separation of Knowles in 2014, the Company offered one-time lump sum payments to Knowles employees that participated in Dover's qualified defined benefit pension plan. In 2014, the Company made total lump sum payments to participants in this plan of $49,338 . Based on the total of the lump sum payments made to both Knowles and other participants in the plan during the year, the Company recorded a settlement charge of $10,279 in 2014. The Company also maintains post retirement benefit plans which cover approximately 1,163 participants, approximately 1,141 of whom are eligible for medical benefits. These plans are closed to new entrants. The supplemental and post retirement benefit plans are supported by the general assets of the Company. Obligations and Funded Status The following tables summarize the balance sheet impact, including the benefit obligations, assets, and funded status associated with the Company's significant defined benefit and other postretirement plans at December 31, 2015 and 2014 . Qualified Defined Benefits Non-Qualified Supplemental Benefits Post-Retirement Benefits U.S. Plan Non-U.S. Plans 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 Change in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 575,576 $ 519,552 $ 265,023 $ 299,284 $ 137,999 $ 133,056 $ 13,943 $ 14,136 Benefits earned during the year 15,661 13,801 6,613 6,027 3,739 3,320 163 249 Interest cost 23,163 25,204 5,885 8,222 5,063 6,148 512 627 Plan participants' contributions — — 1,555 1,732 — — 417 476 Benefits paid (51,126 ) (17,957 ) (8,399 ) (5,452 ) (12,845 ) (13,939 ) (1,148 ) (1,222 ) Actuarial (gain) loss (33,199 ) 84,314 (5,018 ) 40,962 (8,645 ) 11,088 (785 ) (556 ) Business dispositions — — (106 ) (60,164 ) — (3,137 ) — — Amendments — — (5,063 ) — — 1,463 (1,049 ) — Settlements and curtailments (2,942 ) (49,338 ) (2,753 ) (390 ) — — (1,168 ) — Currency translation and other 534 — (11,751 ) (25,198 ) — — — 233 Benefit obligation at end of year 527,667 575,576 245,986 265,023 125,311 137,999 10,885 13,943 Change in plan assets: Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 601,376 595,143 163,510 203,681 — — — — Actual return on plan assets 2,567 73,528 2,369 14,868 — — — — Company contributions — — 8,366 9,547 12,845 13,939 731 746 Plan participants' contributions — — 1,555 1,732 — — 417 476 Benefits paid (51,126 ) (17,957 ) (8,399 ) (5,452 ) (12,845 ) (13,939 ) (1,148 ) (1,222 ) Business dispositions — — — (46,334 ) — — — — Settlements and curtailments — (49,338 ) (2,753 ) (390 ) — — — — Currency translation — — (5,212 ) (14,142 ) — — — — Fair value of plan assets at end of year 552,817 601,376 159,436 163,510 — — — — Funded status $ 25,150 $ 25,800 $ (86,550 ) $ (101,513 ) $ (125,311 ) $ (137,999 ) $ (10,885 ) $ (13,943 ) Amounts recognized in the balance sheets consist of: Assets and Liabilities: Other assets and deferred charges $ 25,150 $ 25,800 $ 2,064 $ 152 $ — $ — $ — $ — Accrued compensation and employee benefits — — (1,433 ) (1,575 ) (27,361 ) (21,978 ) (921 ) (926 ) Other liabilities (deferred compensation) — — (87,181 ) (100,090 ) (97,950 ) (116,021 ) (9,964 ) (13,017 ) Total Assets and Liabilities $ 25,150 $ 25,800 $ (86,550 ) $ (101,513 ) $ (125,311 ) $ (137,999 ) $ (10,885 ) $ (13,943 ) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Earnings): Net actuarial losses (gains) $ 110,163 $ 119,919 $ 59,953 $ 61,813 $ (9,678 ) $ (746 ) $ (1,347 ) $ 192 Prior service cost (credit) 2,215 3,388 (4,095 ) 1,058 24,454 31,381 (999 ) (615 ) Net asset at transition, other — — (52 ) (48 ) — — — — Deferred taxes (39,333 ) (43,158 ) (13,569 ) (15,312 ) (5,173 ) (10,725 ) 762 90 Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Earnings), net of tax 73,045 80,149 42,237 47,511 9,603 19,910 (1,584 ) (333 ) Net amount recognized at December 31, $ 98,195 $ 105,949 $ (44,313 ) $ (54,002 ) $ (115,708 ) $ (118,089 ) $ (12,469 ) $ (14,276 ) Accumulated benefit obligations $ 498,899 $ 537,393 $ 232,924 $ 246,814 $ 114,817 $ 123,229 The Company’s net unfunded status at December 31, 2015 and 2014 includes net liabilities of $86,550 and $101,513 , respectively, relating to the Company’s significant international plans, some in locations where it is not economically advantageous to pre-fund the plans due to local regulations. The majority of the international obligations relate to defined pension plans operated by the Company’s businesses in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Switzerland. The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit pension plans was $846,640 and $907,436 at December 31, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. Pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets consist of the following at December 31, 2015 and 2014 : 2015 2014 Projected benefit obligation (PBO) $ 333,994 $ 372,931 Accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) 311,300 342,158 Fair value of plan assets 120,069 133,930 Net Periodic Benefit Cost Components of the net periodic benefit cost were as follows: Defined Benefit Plans Qualified Defined Benefits Non-Qualified Supplemental Benefits U.S. Plan Non-U.S. Plans (1) 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Service cost $ 15,661 $ 13,801 $ 17,123 $ 6,613 $ 6,027 $ 6,043 $ 3,739 $ 3,320 $ 5,634 Interest cost 23,163 25,204 24,801 5,885 8,222 9,081 5,063 6,148 6,741 Expected return on plan assets (41,571 ) (41,594 ) (40,194 ) (7,990 ) (8,498 ) (9,608 ) — — — Amortization of: Prior service cost 897 1,083 1,026 89 107 114 6,927 7,775 8,110 Recognized actuarial loss (gain) 12,620 8,289 17,654 2,647 903 1,492 286 (428 ) (16 ) Transition obligation — — — 4 4 (14 ) — — — Settlement & curtailment loss (gain) (2) 810 10,279 187 (184 ) (45 ) 697 — — (4,411 ) Other — — 501 — 6 5 — — 13 Total net periodic benefit cost $ 11,580 $ 17,062 $ 21,098 $ 7,064 $ 6,726 $ 7,810 $ 16,015 $ 16,815 $ 16,071 (1) Net periodic benefit cost for non-U.S. plans includes $55 , and $1,220 of expense for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, relating to plans sponsored by Knowles that were distributed as part of the separation on February 28, 2014. (2) One-time charges of $810 reflected in U.S. Plan pension expense for 2015 represents curtailments, special termination benefits, and settlements for certain businesses sold during the year; therefore, this amount has been reflected in the results of discontinued operations. $6,675 of the 2014 settlement loss on the U.S. Plan is attributable to Knowles participants in the Dover Defined Benefit Plan and has therefore, been reflected in the results of discontinued operations. The remaining $3,604 of this settlement loss has been reflected in the results of continuing operations. The curtailment gain of $4,411 was recognized in continuing operations in 2013 in connection with the freeze of the non-qualified supplemental benefit plan. Post-Retirement Benefits 2015 2014 2013 Service cost $ 163 $ 249 $ 234 Interest cost 512 627 523 Amortization of: Prior service credit (372 ) (409 ) (416 ) Recognized actuarial (gain) loss (30 ) 54 134 Other (3) (679 ) 233 77 Total net periodic (benefit) cost $ (406 ) $ 754 $ 552 (3) One-time benefit of $679 relates to the shutdown of certain plant locations, as well as changes to future benefits for certain retirees. Amounts expected to be amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Earnings (Loss) into net periodic benefit cost during 2016 are as follows: Qualified Defined Benefits Non-Qualified Supplemental Benefits Post-Retirement Benefits U.S. Plan Non-U.S. Plans Amortization of: Prior service cost (credit) $ 733 $ (400 ) $ 6,266 $ (143 ) Recognized actuarial loss (gain) 6,437 2,673 (560 ) (236 ) Transition obligation — 4 — — Total $ 7,170 $ 2,277 $ 5,706 $ (379 ) Assumptions The Company determines actuarial assumptions on an annual basis. The weighted-average assumptions used in determining the benefit obligations were as follows: Qualified Defined Benefits Non-Qualified Supplemental Benefits Post-Retirement Benefits U.S. Plan Non-U.S. Plans 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 Discount rate 4.40 % 4.05 % 2.32 % 2.31 % 3.90 % 3.96 % 4.00 % 3.75 % Average wage increase 4.00 % 4.00 % 2.25 % 2.50 % 4.50 % 4.50 % na na Ultimate medical trend rate na na na na na na 5.00 % 5.00 % The weighted average assumptions used in determining the net periodic cost were as follows: Qualified Defined Benefits Non- Qualified Supplemental Benefits Post-Retirement Benefits U.S. Plan Non-U.S. Plans 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 2015 2014 2013 Discount rate 4.05 % 4.90 % 4.05 % 2.31 % 3.53 % 3.31 % 3.96 % 4.77 % 4.02 % 3.75 % 4.45 % 3.65 % Average wage increase 4.00 % 4.00 % 4.00 % 2.50 % 2.86 % 2.74 % 4.50 % 4.50 % 4.50 % na na na Expected return on plan assets 7.75 % 7.75 % 7.75 % 4.85 % 5.35 % 5.32 % na na na na na na The Company’s discount rate assumption is determined by developing a yield curve based on high quality corporate bonds with maturities matching the plans’ expected benefit payment streams. The plans’ expected cash flows are then discounted by the resulting year-by-year spot rates. For post-retirement benefit measurement purposes, an 8.0% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered benefits (i.e., health care cost trend rates) was assumed for 2016 . The rate was assumed to decrease gradually to 5.0% by the year 2027 and remain at that level thereafter. The health care cost trend rate assumption can have an effect on the amounts reported. For example, increasing (decreasing) the assumed health care cost trend rates by one percentage point in each year would increase (decrease) the accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation as of December 31, 2015 by $192 and $(175) , respectively, and would have a negligible impact on the net post-retirement benefit cost for 2015 . Plan Assets The primary financial objective of the plans is to secure participant retirement benefits. Accordingly, the key objective in the plans’ financial management is to promote stability and, to the extent appropriate, growth in the funded status. Related and supporting financial objectives are established in conjunction with a review of current and projected plan financial requirements. As it relates to the funded defined benefit pension plans, the Company’s funding policy is consistent with the funding requirements of the Employment Retirement Income Security Act ("ERISA") and applicable international laws. The Company is responsible for overseeing the management of the investments of the plans’ assets and otherwise ensuring that the plans’ investment programs are in compliance with ERISA, other relevant legislation, and related plan documents. Where relevant, the Company has retained professional investment managers to manage the plans’ assets and implement the investment process. The investment managers, in implementing their investment processes, have the authority and responsibility to select appropriate investments in the asset classes specified by the terms of their applicable prospectus or investment manager agreements with the plans. The assets of the plans are invested to achieve an appropriate return for the plans consistent with a prudent level of risk. The asset return objective is to achieve, as a minimum over time, the passively managed return earned by market index funds, weighted in the proportions outlined by the asset class exposures identified in the plans’ strategic allocation. The expected return on assets assumption used for pension expense is developed through analysis of historical market returns, statistical analysis, current market conditions, and the past experience of plan asset investments. Overall, it is projected that the investment of plan assets within Dover’s U.S. defined benefit plan will achieve a 7.75% net return over time from the asset allocation strategy. The Company’s actual and target weighted-average asset allocation for our U.S. Corporate Pension Plan was as follows: 2015 2014 Current Target Equity securities 57 % 55 % 58 % Fixed income 33 % 36 % 35 % Real estate and other 10 % 9 % 7 % Total 100 % 100 % 100 % While the non-U.S. investment policies are different for each country, the long-term objectives are generally the same as for the U.S. pension assets. The Company's non-U.S. plans were expected to achieve rates of return on invested assets of 4.85% in 2015 , 5.35% in 2014 , and 5.32% in 2013 . The fair values of both U.S. and non-U.S. pension plan assets by asset category within the fair value hierarchy (as defined in Note 10 Financial Instruments ) are as follows at December 31, 2015 and 2014 : U.S. Plan December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Level 1 Level 2 Total Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Total Fair Value Asset category: Common stocks: U.S. companies $ 150,821 $ — $ 150,821 $ 164,006 $ — $ 164,006 Non-U.S. companies 6,975 — 6,975 3,874 — 3,874 Fixed income investments: Corporate bonds — 55,509 55,509 — 63,878 63,878 Private placements — 4,455 4,455 — 6,865 6,865 Government securities 47,426 74,953 122,379 48,370 98,998 147,368 Common stock funds: Mutual funds 39,159 — 39,159 44,610 — 44,610 Collective trusts — 118,299 118,299 — 119,312 119,312 Real estate funds — 42,391 42,391 — 37,145 37,145 Cash and equivalents 12,829 — 12,829 14,318 — 14,318 $ 257,210 $ 295,607 $ 552,817 $ 275,178 $ 326,198 $ 601,376 The Company had no level 3 U.S. Plan assets at December 31, 2015 and 2014. Non-U.S. Plans December 31, 2015 December 31, 2014 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Fair Value Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Fair Value Asset category: Common stocks $ 23,113 $ — $ — $ 23,113 $ 40,960 $ — $ — $ 40,960 Fixed income investments — 48,523 — 48,523 — 59,791 — 59,791 Common stock funds — 45,058 — 45,058 — 43,821 — 43,821 Collective funds — 23,978 — 23,978 — — — — Real estate funds — — 8,904 8,904 — — 9,976 9,976 Cash and equivalents 829 — — 829 1,531 — — 1,531 Other — 9,031 — 9,031 — 7,431 — 7,431 $ 23,942 $ 126,590 $ 8,904 $ 159,436 $ 42,491 $ 111,043 $ 9,976 $ 163,510 Common stocks represent investments in domestic and foreign equities which are publicly traded on active exchanges and are valued based on quoted market prices. Fixed income investments include U.S. treasury bonds and notes, which are valued based on quoted market prices, as well as investments in other government and municipal securities and corporate bonds, which are valued based on yields currently available on comparable securities of issuers with similar credit ratings. Common stock funds consist of mutual funds and collective trusts. Mutual funds are valued by obtaining quoted prices from nationally recognized securities exchanges. Collective trusts are valued using Net Asset Value (the "NAV") as of the last business day of the year. The NAV is based on the underlying value of the assets owned by the fund minus its liabilities, and then divided by the number of shares outstanding. The value of the underlying assets is based on quoted prices in active markets. The real estate funds are valued on an annual basis using third-party appraisals, with adjustments estimated on a quarterly basis using discounted cash flow models which consider such inputs as revenue and expense growth rates, terminal capitalization rates, and discount rates. The Company believes this is an appropriate methodology to obtain the fair value of these assets. The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. The fair value measurement of plan assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) changed during 2014 and 2015 due to the following: Real estate funds Balance at December 31, 2013 $ 14,937 Actual return on plan assets: Relating to assets still held at December 31, 2014 (4,527 ) Business dispositions (362 ) Sales (72 ) Balance at December 31, 2014 9,976 Actual return on plan assets: Relating to assets still held at December 31, 2015 116 Purchases 5,629 Sales (6,817 ) Balance at December 31, 2015 $ 8,904 There were no significant transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 investments during 2015 or 2014 . Future Estimates Benefit Payments Estimated future benefit payments to retirees, which reflect expected future service, are as follows: Qualified Defined Benefits Non-Qualified Supplemental Benefits Post-Retirement Benefits U.S. Plan Non-U.S. Plans 2016 $ 33,053 $ 6,392 $ 27,949 $ 939 2017 34,776 6,546 12,358 915 2018 37,162 6,836 11,656 891 2019 37,574 6,959 13,596 852 2020 40,574 7,176 11,728 829 2021 - 2025 206,540 42,376 66,083 3,708 Contributions In 2016 , the Company expects to contribute approximately $6.3 million to its non-U.S. plans and currently does not expect to contribute to its U.S. plans. In 2016 , the Company expects to fund benefit payments of approximately $27.9 million to plan participants of its unfunded, non-qualified, supplemental benefit plans. Multiemployer Pension Plans The Company, through its subsidiaries, participates in a few multiemployer pension plans covering approximately 100 employees working under U.S. collective bargaining agreements. None of these plans are considered individually significant to the Company. Contributions to multiemployer plans totaled less than $2.0 million in each of the last three years. |