INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | INVESTMENT OPERATIONS Major categories of net investment income are summarized as follows: Successor Company Predecessor Company For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 For The Year Ended December 31, 2016 February 1, 2015 January 1, 2015 (Dollars In Thousands) (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities $ 1,610,768 $ 1,547,346 $ 1,266,769 $ 140,052 Equity securities 40,506 38,838 40,879 2,556 Mortgage loans 298,387 270,749 252,577 24,977 Investment real estate 2,405 2,152 2,528 112 Short-term investments 114,280 99,979 93,938 9,974 2,066,346 1,959,064 1,656,691 177,671 Other investment expenses 143,290 135,601 123,895 13,066 Net investment income $ 1,923,056 $ 1,823,463 $ 1,532,796 $ 164,605 Net realized investment gains (losses) for all other investments are summarized as follows: Successor Company Predecessor Company For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 For The Year Ended December 31, 2016 February 1, 2015 January 1, 2015 (Dollars In Thousands) (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities $ 12,783 $ 32,183 $ 1,272 $ 6,891 Equity securities (2,330 ) 92 (1,001 ) — Impairments on securities (9,112 ) (17,748 ) (26,993 ) (481 ) Modco trading portfolio 119,206 67,583 (167,359 ) 73,062 Other investments (8,572 ) (9,228 ) 153 1,200 Total realized gains (losses) - investments $ 111,975 $ 72,882 $ (193,928 ) $ 80,672 Gross realized gains and gross realized losses on investments available-for-sale (fixed maturities, equity securities, and short-term investments) are as follows: Successor Company Predecessor Company For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 For The Year Ended December 31, 2016 February 1, 2015 January 1, 2015 (Dollars In Thousands) (Dollars In Thousands) Gross realized gains $ 18,868 $ 42,058 $ 8,735 $ 6,920 Gross realized losses Impairments losses $ (9,112 ) $ (17,748 ) $ (26,993 ) $ (481 ) Other realized losses $ (8,257 ) $ (9,783 ) $ (8,464 ) $ 12 The chart below summarizes the fair value (proceeds) and the gains/losses realized on securities the Company sold that were in an unrealized gain position and an unrealized loss position. Successor Company Predecessor Company For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 For The Year Ended December 31, 2016 February 1, 2015 January 1, 2015 (Dollars In Thousands) (Dollars In Thousands) Securities in an unrealized gain position: Fair value (proceeds) $ 879,181 $ 1,194,808 $ 948,774 $ 172,551 Gains realized $ 18,868 $ 42,058 $ 8,735 $ 6,920 Securities in an unrealized loss position (1) : Fair value (proceeds) $ 185,157 $ 85,835 $ 178,415 $ 435 Losses realized $ (8,257 ) $ (9,783 ) $ (8,463 ) $ (29 ) (1) The Company made the decision to exit these holdings in conjunction with its overall asset liability management process. The amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments classified as available-for-sale are as follows: Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Total OTTI Recognized in OCI (1) (Dollars In Thousands) Successor Company As of December 31, 2017 Fixed maturities: Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 2,321,811 $ 19,412 $ (22,730 ) $ 2,318,493 $ 10 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 1,885,109 4,931 (29,552 ) 1,860,488 — Other asset-backed securities 1,234,376 20,936 (5,763 ) 1,249,549 — U.S. government-related securities 1,255,244 185 (32,177 ) 1,223,252 — Other government-related securities 280,780 9,401 (4,948 ) 285,233 — States, municipals, and political subdivisions 1,770,299 16,959 (45,613 ) 1,741,645 (37 ) Corporate securities 29,446,365 618,582 (527,401 ) 29,537,546 (1 ) Redeemable preferred stock 94,362 232 (3,503 ) 91,091 — 38,288,346 690,638 (671,687 ) 38,307,297 (28 ) Equity securities 696,706 22,319 (8,771 ) 710,254 — Short-term investments 470,883 — — 470,883 — $ 39,455,935 $ 712,957 $ (680,458 ) $ 39,488,434 $ (28 ) As of December 31, 2016 Fixed maturities: Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 1,904,165 $ 10,737 $ (25,295 ) $ 1,889,607 $ (9 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 1,820,644 2,455 (40,602 ) 1,782,497 — Other asset-backed securities 1,210,490 21,741 (20,698 ) 1,211,533 — U.S. government-related securities 1,308,192 422 (40,455 ) 1,268,159 — Other government-related securities 251,197 1,526 (14,797 ) 237,926 — States, municipals, and political subdivisions 1,760,837 1,224 (105,558 ) 1,656,503 — Corporate securities 28,655,364 151,383 (1,582,098 ) 27,224,649 (11,030 ) Redeemable preferred stock 94,362 — (8,519 ) 85,843 — 37,005,251 189,488 (1,838,022 ) 35,356,717 (11,039 ) Equity securities 722,868 7,751 (21,685 ) 708,934 — Short-term investments 263,185 — — 263,185 — $ 37,991,304 $ 197,239 $ (1,859,707 ) $ 36,328,836 $ (11,039 ) (1) These amounts are included in the gross unrealized gains and gross unrealized losses columns above. The fair value of the Company's investments classified as trading are as follows: Successor Company As of December 31, 2017 2016 (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities - trading: Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 259,694 $ 255,027 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 146,804 149,683 Other asset-backed securities 138,097 200,084 U.S. government-related securities 27,234 26,961 Other government-related securities 63,925 63,012 States, municipals, and political subdivisions 326,925 316,519 Corporate securities 1,698,183 1,624,589 Redeemable preferred stock 3,327 3,985 2,664,189 2,639,860 Equity securities 5,244 7,083 Short-term investments 56,261 52,648 $ 2,725,694 $ 2,699,591 The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity fixed maturities as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), by expected maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities of securities without a single maturity date are allocated based on estimated rates of prepayment that may differ from actual rates of prepayment. Available-for-sale Held-to-maturity Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value (Dollars In Thousands) Due in one year or less $ 720,156 $ 719,662 $ — $ — Due after one year through five years 6,643,145 6,625,353 — — Due after five years through ten years 7,326,627 7,330,808 — — Due after ten years 23,598,418 23,631,474 2,718,904 2,776,327 $ 38,288,346 $ 38,307,297 $ 2,718,904 $ 2,776,327 The chart below summarizes the Company's other-than-temporary impairments of investments. All of the impairments were related to fixed maturities or equity securities. Successor Company Fixed Maturities Equity Securities Total Securities (Dollars In Thousands) For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 (Successor Company) Other-than-temporary impairments $ (1,332 ) $ — $ (1,332 ) Non-credit impairment losses recorded in other comprehensive income (7,780 ) — (7,780 ) Net impairment losses recognized in earnings $ (9,112 ) $ — $ (9,112 ) For The Year Ended December 31, 2016 (Successor Company) Other-than-temporary impairments $ (32,075 ) $ — $ (32,075 ) Non-credit impairment losses recorded in other comprehensive income 14,327 — 14,327 Net impairment losses recognized in earnings $ (17,748 ) $ — $ (17,748 ) For The Period of February 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 (Successor Company) Other-than-temporary impairments $ (28,659 ) $ — $ (28,659 ) Non-credit impairment losses recorded in other comprehensive income 1,666 — 1,666 Net impairment losses recognized in earnings $ (26,993 ) $ — $ (26,993 ) For The Period of January 1, 2015 to January 31, 2015 (Predecessor Company) Other-than-temporary impairments $ (636 ) $ — $ (636 ) Non-credit impairment losses recorded in other comprehensive income 155 — 155 Net impairment losses recognized in earnings $ (481 ) $ — $ (481 ) There were no other-than-temporary impairments related to fixed maturities or equity securities that the Company intended to sell or expected to be required to sell for the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), for the year ended December 31, 2016 (Successor Company), for the period of February 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 (Successor Company), and for the period of January 1, 2015 to January 31, 2015 (Predecessor Company). The following chart is a rollforward of available-for-sale credit losses on fixed maturities held by the Company for which a portion of an other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in other comprehensive income (loss): Successor Company Predecessor Company For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 For The Year Ended December 31, 2016 February 1, 2015 January 1, 2015 (Dollars In Thousands) (Dollars In Thousands) Beginning balance $ 12,685 $ 22,761 $ — $ 15,463 Additions for newly impaired securities 734 14,876 22,761 — Additions for previously impaired securities 3,175 2,063 — 221 Reductions for previously impaired securities due to a change in expected cash flows (12,726 ) (24,396 ) — — Reductions for previously impaired securities that were sold in the current period (600 ) (2,619 ) — — Other — — — — Ending balance $ 3,268 $ 12,685 $ 22,761 $ 15,684 The following table includes the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investments that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company): Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss (Dollars In Thousands) Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 765,641 $ (9,666 ) $ 408,460 $ (13,064 ) $ 1,174,101 $ (22,730 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 750,643 (8,521 ) 779,086 (21,031 ) 1,529,729 (29,552 ) Other asset-backed securities 86,506 (322 ) 134,316 (5,441 ) 220,822 (5,763 ) U.S. government-related securities 94,110 (688 ) 1,072,232 (31,489 ) 1,166,342 (32,177 ) Other government-related securities 24,830 (169 ) 115,294 (4,779 ) 140,124 (4,948 ) States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 170,268 (1,738 ) 1,027,747 (43,875 ) 1,198,015 (45,613 ) Corporate securities 5,026,417 (55,649 ) 10,947,027 (471,752 ) 15,973,444 (527,401 ) Redeemable preferred stock 22,048 (1,120 ) 23,197 (2,383 ) 45,245 (3,503 ) Equities 86,194 (1,400 ) 91,195 (7,371 ) 177,389 (8,771 ) $ 7,026,657 $ (79,273 ) $ 14,598,554 $ (601,185 ) $ 21,625,211 $ (680,458 ) RMBS and CMBS had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $13.1 million and $21.0 million , respectively, as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company). Factors such as the credit enhancement within the deal structure, the average life of the securities, and the performance of the underlying collateral support the recoverability of these investments. The other asset-backed securities have a gross unrealized loss greater than twelve months of $5.4 million as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company). This category predominately includes student-loan backed auction rate securities, the underlying collateral, of which is at least 97% guaranteed by the Federal Family Education Loan Program ("FFELP"). At this time, the Company has no reason to believe that the U.S. Department of Education would not honor the FFELP guarantee, if it were necessary. The U.S. government-related securities and the other government-related securities had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $31.5 million and $4.8 million as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), respectively. These declines were related to changes in interest rates. The states, municipalities, and political subdivisions categories had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $43.9 million as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company). These declines were related to changes in interest rates. The corporate securities category has gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $471.8 million as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company). The aggregate decline in market value of these securities was deemed temporary due to positive factors supporting the recoverability of the respective investments. Positive factors considered include credit ratings, the financial health of the issuer, the continued access of the issuer to capital markets, and other pertinent information. As of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), the Company had a total of 1,844 positions that were in an unrealized loss position, but the Company does not consider these unrealized loss positions to be other-than-temporary. This is based on the aggregate factors discussed previously and because the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until the fair values recover, and the Company does not intend to sell or expect to be required to sell the securities before recovering the Company’s amortized cost of the securities. The following table includes the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investments that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2016 (Successor Company): Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss (Dollars In Thousands) Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 1,051,694 $ (21,178 ) $ 170,826 $ (4,117 ) $ 1,222,520 $ (25,295 ) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 1,426,252 (36,589 ) 100,475 (4,013 ) 1,526,727 (40,602 ) Other asset-backed securities 323,706 (9,291 ) 176,792 (11,407 ) 500,498 (20,698 ) U.S. government-related securities 1,237,942 (40,454 ) 3 (1 ) 1,237,945 (40,455 ) Other government-related securities 98,412 (2,907 ) 79,393 (11,890 ) 177,805 (14,797 ) States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 1,062,368 (63,809 ) 548,254 (41,749 ) 1,610,622 (105,558 ) Corporate securities 12,490,517 (467,463 ) 9,791,313 (1,114,635 ) 22,281,830 (1,582,098 ) Redeemable preferred stock 66,781 (6,642 ) 19,062 (1,877 ) 85,843 (8,519 ) Equities 411,845 (15,273 ) 69,497 (6,412 ) 481,342 (21,685 ) $ 18,169,517 $ (663,606 ) $ 10,955,615 $ (1,196,101 ) $ 29,125,132 $ (1,859,707 ) RMBS and CMBS had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $4.1 million and $4.0 million , respectively, as of December 31, 2016 (Successor Company). Factors such as the credit enhancement within the deal structure, the average life of the securities, and the performance of the underlying collateral support the recoverability of these investments. The other asset-backed securities have a gross unrealized loss greater than twelve months of $11.4 million as of December 31, 2016 (Successor Company). This category predominately includes student-loan backed auction rate securities, the underlying collateral, of which is at least 97% guaranteed by the Federal Family Education Loan Program ("FFELP"). At this time, the Company has no reason to believe that the U.S. Department of Education would not honor the FFELP guarantee, if it were necessary. The other government-related securities had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $11.9 million as of December 31, 2016 (Successor Company). These declines were related to changes in interest rates. The states, municipalities, and political subdivisions categories had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $41.7 million as of December 31, 2016 (Successor Company). These declines were related to changes in interest rates. The corporate securities category has gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2016 (Successor Company). The aggregate decline in market value of these securities was deemed temporary due to positive factors supporting the recoverability of the respective investments. Positive factors considered include credit ratings, the financial health of the issuer, the continued access of the issuer to capital markets, and other pertinent information. As of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), the Company had securities in its available-for-sale portfolio which were rated below investment grade with a fair value of $1.9 billion and had an amortized cost of $1.9 billion . In addition, included in the Company’s trading portfolio, the Company held $228.9 million of securities which were rated below investment grade. Approximately $310.7 million of the below investment grade securities held by the Company were not publicly traded. The change in unrealized gains (losses), net of income tax, on fixed maturity and equity securities, classified as available-for-sale is summarized as follows: Successor Company Predecessor Company For The Year Ended December 31, 2017 For The Year Ended December 31, 2016 February 1, 2015 January 1, 2015 (Dollars In Thousands) (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities $ 1,083,865 $ 802,248 $ (1,873,795 ) 669,160 Equity securities 17,863 (13,463 ) 4,406 12,172 The amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments classified as held-to-maturity as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (Successor Company), are as follows: Successor Company Amortized Gross Unrecognized Holding Gains Gross Unrecognized Holding Losses Fair Value Total OTTI Recognized in OCI As of December 31, 2017 (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities: Securities issued by affiliates: Red Mountain LLC $ 704,904 $ — $ (19,163 ) $ 685,741 $ — Steel City LLC 2,014,000 76,586 — 2,090,586 — $ 2,718,904 $ 76,586 $ (19,163 ) $ 2,776,327 $ — Successor Company Amortized Gross Gross Fair Value Total OTTI Recognized in OCI As of December 31, 2016 (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities: Securities issued by affiliates: Red Mountain LLC $ 654,177 $ — $ (67,222 ) $ 586,955 $ — Steel City LLC 2,116,000 30,385 — 2,146,385 — $ 2,770,177 $ 30,385 $ (67,222 ) $ 2,733,340 $ — During the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), the year ended December 31, 2016 (Successor Company), the period of February 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 (Successor Company), and the period of January 1, 2015 to January 31, 2015 (Predecessor Company), the Company did no t record any other-than-temporary impairments on held-to-maturity securities. The Company’s held-to-maturity securities had $76.6 million of gross unrecognized holding gains and $19.2 million of gross unrecognized holding losses by maturity as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company). The Company does not consider these unrecognized holding losses to be other-than-temporary based on certain positive factors associated with the securities which include credit ratings of the guarantor, financial health of the issuer and guarantor, continued access of the issuer to capital markets and other pertinent information. These held-to-maturity securities are issued by affiliates of the Company which are considered VIE's. The Company is not the primary beneficiary of these entities and thus the securities are not eliminated in consolidation. These securities are collateralized by non-recourse funding obligations issued by captive insurance companies that are affiliates of the Company. The Company’s held-to-maturity securities had $30.4 million of gross unrecognized holding gains and $67.2 million of gross unrecognized holding losses by maturity as of December 31, 2016 (Successor Company). The Company does not consider these unrecognized holding losses to be other-than-temporary based on certain positive factors associated with the securities which include credit ratings of the guarantor, financial health of the issuer and guarantor, continued access of the issuer to capital markets and other pertinent information. The Company held $17.5 million of non-income producing securities for the year ended December 31, 2017 (Successor Company). Included in the Company’s invested assets are $1.6 billion of policy loans as of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company). The interest rates on standard policy loans range from 3.0% to 8.0% . The collateral loans on life insurance policies have an interest rate of 13.64% . Variable Interest Entities The Company holds certain investments in entities in which its ownership interests could possibly be considered variable interests under Topic 810 of the FASB ASC (excluding debt and equity securities held as trading, available for sale, or held to maturity). The Company reviews the characteristics of each of these applicable entities and compares those characteristics to applicable criteria to determine whether the entity is a Variable Interest Entity ("VIE"). If the entity is determined to be a VIE, the Company then performs a detailed review to determine whether the interest would be considered a variable interest under the guidance. The Company then performs a qualitative review of all variable interests with the entity and determines whether the Company is the primary beneficiary. ASC 810 provides that an entity is the primary beneficiary of a VIE if the entity has 1) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance, and 2) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Based on this analysis, the Company had an interest in one wholly owned subsidiary, Red Mountain, LLC (“Red Mountain”), that was determined to be a VIE as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (Successor Company). The activity most significant to Red Mountain is the issuance of a note in connection with a financing transaction involving Golden Gate V Vermont Captive Insurance Company ("Golden Gate V") and the Company in which Golden Gate V issued non-recourse funding obligations to Red Mountain and Red Mountain issued the note to Golden Gate V. Credit enhancement on the Red Mountain Note is provided by an unrelated third party. For details of this transaction, see Note 14, Debt and Other Obligations . The Company has the power, via its 100% ownership through an affiliate, to direct the activities of the VIE, but does not have the obligation to absorb losses related to the primary risks or sources of variability to the VIE. The variability of loss would be borne primarily by the third party in its function as provider of credit enhancement on the Red Mountain Note. Accordingly, it was determined that the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The Company's risk of loss related to the VIE is limited to its investment of $10,000 . Additionally, PLC, the holding company, has guaranteed Red Mountain's payment obligation for the credit enhancement fee to the unrelated third party provider. As of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), no payments have been made or required related to this guarantee. Steel City, a newly formed wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a financing agreement on January 15, 2016 involving Golden Gate Captive Insurance Company, in which Golden Gate issued non-recourse funding obligations to Steel City and Steel City issued three notes (the “Steel City Notes”) to Golden Gate. Credit enhancement on the Steel City Notes is provided by unrelated third parties. For details of the financing transaction, see Note 14, Debt and Other Obligations . The activity most significant to Steel City is the issuance of the Steel City Notes. The Company had the power, via its 100% ownership, to direct the activities of the VIE, but did not have the obligation to absorb losses related to the primary risks or sources of variability to the VIE. The variability of loss would be borne primarily by the third parties in their function as providers of credit enhancement on the Steel City Notes. Accordingly, it was determined that the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The Company’s risk of loss related to the VIE is limited to its investment of $10,000 . Additionally, the Company has guaranteed Steel City’s payment obligation for the credit enhancement fee to the unrelated third party providers. As of December 31, 2017 (Successor Company), no payments have been made or required related to this guarantee. |