INVESTMENT OPERATIONS | INVESTMENT OPERATIONS Net realized gains (losses) are summarized as follows: For The For The 2019 2018 2019 2018 (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities $ 15,686 $ (2,018) $ 21,885 $ 6,248 Equity gains and losses 6,117 (6,925) 44,292 (16,693) Modco trading portfolio 67,674 (10,901) 252,147 (148,427) Other investments (1,260) (312) (1,070) 1,522 Realized gains (losses) - all other investments 88,217 (20,156) 317,254 (157,350) Realized gains (losses) - derivatives (1) 42,286 (26,710) (86,288) 37,176 Realized investment gains (losses) $ 130,503 $ (46,866) $ 230,966 $ (120,174) Net impairments losses recognized in earnings $ (10,818) $ (14) $ (14,658) $ (3,664) (1) See Note 7, Derivative Financial Instruments Gross realized gains and gross realized losses on investments available-for-sale (fixed maturities and short-term investments) are as follows: For The For The 2019 2018 2019 2018 (Dollars In Thousands) Gross realized gains $ 20,155 $ 3,410 $ 34,801 $ 21,540 Gross realized losses: Impairment losses $ (10,818) $ (14) $ (14,658) $ (3,664) Other realized losses $ (4,469) $ (5,428) $ (12,916) $ (15,292) The chart below summarizes the fair value (proceeds) and the gains (losses) realized on securities the Company sold that were in an unrealized gain position and an unrealized loss position. For The For The 2019 2018 2019 2018 (Dollars In Thousands) Securities in an unrealized gain position: Fair value (proceeds) $ 679,514 $ 306,600 $ 1,812,992 $ 909,846 Gains realized $ 20,155 $ 3,410 $ 34,801 $ 21,540 Securities in an unrealized loss position (1) : Fair value (proceeds) $ 37,488 $ 122,317 $ 368,416 $ 380,493 Losses realized $ (4,469) $ (5,428) $ (12,916) $ (15,292) (1) The Company made the decision to exit these holdings in conjunction with its overall asset/liability management process. The chart below summarizes the realized gains (losses) on equity securities sold during the period and equity securities still held at the reporting date. For The For The 2019 2018 2019 2018 (Dollars In Thousands) Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities $ 6,117 $ (6,925) $ 44,292 $ (16,693) Less: net gains (losses) recognized on equity securities sold during the period $ (648) $ (1,476) $ (395) $ (3,858) Gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity securities still held $ 6,765 $ (5,449) $ 44,687 $ (12,835) The amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments classified as available-for-sale are as follows: As of September 30, 2019 Amortized Gross Gross Fair Total OTTI Recognized in OCI (1) (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities: Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 5,151,583 $ 194,100 $ (5,020) $ 5,340,663 $ — Commercial mortgage-backed securities 2,627,310 88,275 (1,119) 2,714,466 — Other asset-backed securities 1,878,663 32,830 (13,017) 1,898,476 (3) U.S. government-related securities 1,154,940 9,836 (2,569) 1,162,207 — Other government-related securities 552,445 52,421 (1,630) 603,236 — States, municipals, and political subdivisions 4,503,629 331,625 (597) 4,834,657 1,274 Corporate securities 44,960,104 2,648,863 (323,362) 47,285,605 (24,644) Redeemable preferred stocks 87,348 4,217 (4,003) 87,562 — 60,916,022 3,362,167 (351,317) 63,926,872 (23,373) Short-term investments 945,459 — — 945,459 — $ 61,861,481 $ 3,362,167 $ (351,317) $ 64,872,331 $ (23,373) As of December 31, 2018 Amortized Gross Gross Fair Total OTTI Recognized in OCI (1) (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities: Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 3,641,678 $ 23,248 $ (61,935) $ 3,602,991 $ (18) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 2,319,476 3,911 (57,000) 2,266,387 — Other asset-backed securities 1,410,059 17,232 (35,398) 1,391,893 — U.S. government-related securities 1,658,433 1,794 (45,722) 1,614,505 — Other government-related securities 543,534 4,292 (33,790) 514,036 — States, municipals, and political subdivisions 3,682,037 25,706 (118,902) 3,588,841 876 Corporate securities 38,467,380 112,438 (2,378,240) 36,201,578 (29,685) Redeemable preferred stocks 94,362 — (11,560) 82,802 — 51,816,959 188,621 (2,742,547) 49,263,033 (28,827) Short-term investments 635,375 — — 635,375 — $ 52,452,334 $ 188,621 $ (2,742,547) $ 49,898,408 $ (28,827) (1) These amounts are included in the gross unrealized gains and gross unrealized losses columns above. The Company holds certain investments pursuant to certain modified coinsurance (“Modco”) arrangements. The fixed maturities held as part of these arrangements are classified as trading securities. The fair value of the investments held pursuant to these Modco arrangements are as follows: As of September 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities: Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 202,963 $ 241,836 Commercial mortgage-backed securities 208,935 188,925 Other asset-backed securities 137,732 159,907 U.S. government-related securities 48,112 59,794 Other government-related securities 26,792 44,207 States, municipals, and political subdivisions 300,332 286,413 Corporate securities 1,599,453 1,423,833 Redeemable preferred stocks 12,195 11,277 2,536,514 2,416,192 Equity securities 6,647 9,892 Short-term investments 98,983 30,926 $ 2,642,144 $ 2,457,010 The amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity fixed maturities as of September 30, 2019, by expected maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities of securities without a single maturity date are allocated based on estimated rates of prepayment that may differ from actual rates of prepayment. Available-for-sale Held-to-maturity Amortized Fair Amortized Fair (Dollars In Thousands) Due in one year or less $ 1,830,025 $ 1,828,513 $ — $ — Due after one year through five years 9,960,533 10,147,215 — — Due after five years through ten years 13,576,841 14,198,510 — — Due after ten years 35,548,623 37,752,634 2,544,054 2,685,076 $ 60,916,022 $ 63,926,872 $ 2,544,054 $ 2,685,076 The charts below summarize the Company’s other-than-temporary impairments of investments. All of the impairments were related to fixed maturities. For The For The 2019 2018 2019 2018 Fixed Fixed Fixed Fixed (Dollars In Thousands) Other-than-temporary impairments $ (39,752) $ (14) $ (41,245) $ (715) Non-credit impairment losses recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) 28,934 — 26,587 (2,949) Net impairment losses recognized in earnings $ (10,818) $ (14) $ (14,658) $ (3,664) There were no other-than-temporary impairments related to fixed maturities or equity securities that the Company intended to sell or expected to be required to sell for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018. The following chart is a rollforward of available-for-sale credit losses on fixed maturities held by the Company for which a portion of an other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in other comprehensive income (loss): For The For The 2019 2018 2019 2018 (Dollars In Thousands) Beginning balance $ 12,498 $ 2 $ 24,868 $ 3,268 Additions for newly impaired securities 10,805 — 11,556 — Additions for previously impaired securities — — 3,007 2 Reductions for previously impaired securities due to a change in expected cash flows (12,498) — (21,332) — Reductions for previously impaired securities that were sold in the current period — (2) (7,294) (3,270) Ending balance $ 10,805 $ — $ 10,805 $ — The following table includes the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investments that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of September 30, 2019: Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized (Dollars In Thousands) Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 484,979 $ (2,069) $ 287,356 $ (2,951) $ 772,335 $ (5,020) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 67,255 (78) 117,799 (1,041) 185,054 (1,119) Other asset-backed securities 453,923 (7,510) 162,369 (5,507) 616,292 (13,017) U.S. government-related securities 265,257 (844) 335,336 (1,725) 600,593 (2,569) Other government-related securities 57,008 (488) 10,427 (1,142) 67,435 (1,630) States, municipals, and political subdivisions 35,092 (297) 15,215 (300) 50,307 (597) Corporate securities 2,133,888 (43,884) 3,624,679 (279,478) 5,758,567 (323,362) Redeemable preferred stocks — — 16,935 (4,003) 16,935 (4,003) $ 3,497,402 $ (55,170) $ 4,570,116 $ (296,147) $ 8,067,518 $ (351,317) Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $3.0 million and $1.0 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2019. Factors such as the credit enhancement within the deal structure, the average life of the securities, and the performance of the underlying collateral support the recoverability of these investments. The other asset-backed securities had a gross unrealized loss greater than twelve months of $5.5 million as of September 30, 2019. This category predominately includes student loan backed auction rate securities (“ARS”) whose underlying collateral is at least 1% guaranteed by the Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”). At this time, the Company has no reason to believe that the U.S. Department of Education would not honor the FFELP guarantee, if it were necessary. The U.S. government-related securities and the other government-related securities had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $1.7 million and $1.1 million as of September 30, 2019, respectively. These declines were related to changes in interest rates. The states, municipals, and political subdivisions category had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $0.3 million as of September 30, 2019. The aggregate decline in fair value of these securities was deemed temporary due to positive factors supporting the recoverability of the respective investments. Positive factors considered include credit ratings, the financial health of the issuer, the continued access of the issuer to capital markets, and other pertinent information. The corporate securities category had gross unrealized losses greater than twelve months of $279.5 million as of September 30, 2019. The aggregate decline in fair value of these securities was deemed temporary due to positive factors supporting the recoverability of the respective investments. Positive factors considered include credit ratings, the financial health of the issuer, the continued access of the issuer to capital markets, interest rate movement, and other pertinent information. As of September 30, 2019, the Company had a total of 809 positions that were in an unrealized loss position, but the Company does not consider these unrealized loss positions to be other-than-temporary. This is based on the aggregate factors discussed previously and because the Company has the ability and intent to hold these investments until the fair values recover, and the Company does not intend to sell or expect to be required to sell the securities before recovering the Company’s amortized cost of the securities. The following table includes the gross unrealized losses and fair value of the Company’s investments that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2018: Less Than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized (Dollars In Thousands) Residential mortgage-backed securities $ 1,485,009 $ (31,302) $ 795,765 $ (30,633) $ 2,280,774 $ (61,935) Commercial mortgage-backed securities 419,420 (7,398) 1,405,690 (49,602) 1,825,110 (57,000) Other asset-backed securities 687,271 (30,963) 148,871 (4,435) 836,142 (35,398) U.S. government-related securities 130,290 (4,668) 1,085,654 (41,054) 1,215,944 (45,722) Other government-related securities 224,273 (15,207) 131,569 (18,583) 355,842 (33,790) States, municipals, and political subdivisions 1,004,262 (27,180) 1,129,152 (91,722) 2,133,414 (118,902) Corporate securities 18,225,656 (966,825) 12,824,024 (1,411,415) 31,049,680 (2,378,240) Redeemable preferred stocks 41,147 (4,467) 41,655 (7,093) 82,802 (11,560) $ 22,217,328 $ (1,088,010) $ 17,562,380 $ (1,654,537) $ 39,779,708 $ (2,742,547) As of September 30, 2019, the Company had securities in its available-for-sale portfolio which were rated below investment grade of $1.6 billion and had an amortized cost of $1.7 billion. In addition, included in the Company’s trading portfolio, the Company held $113.5 million of securities which were rated below investment grade. Approximately $235.2 million of the available-for-sale and trading securities that were below investment grade were not publicly traded. The change in unrealized gains (losses), net of income tax, on fixed matur ities, classified as available-for-sale is summarized as follows: For The For The 2019 2018 2019 2018 (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities $ 1,308,054 $ (229,609) $ 4,396,173 $ (1,727,358) The amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s investments classified as held-to-maturity as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, are as follows: As of September 30, 2019 Amortized Gross Gross Fair Total OTTI (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities: Securities issued by affiliates: Red Mountain, LLC $ 782,054 $ 10,406 $ — $ 792,460 $ — Steel City, LLC 1,762,000 130,616 — 1,892,616 — $ 2,544,054 $ 141,022 $ — $ 2,685,076 $ — As of December 31, 2018 Amortized Gross Gross Fair Total OTTI (Dollars In Thousands) Fixed maturities: Securities issued by affiliates: Red Mountain, LLC $ 750,474 $ — $ (81,657) $ 668,817 $ — Steel City, LLC 1,883,000 — (4,607) 1,878,393 — $ 2,633,474 $ — $ (86,264) $ 2,547,210 $ — During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded no other-than-temporary impairments on held-to-maturity securities. The Company’s held-to-maturity securi ties had $141.0 million of gross unrecognized holding gains as of September 30, 2019. These held-to-maturity securities are issued by affiliates of the Company which are considered variable interest entities (“VIEs”). The Company is not the primary beneficiary of these entities and thus the securities are not eliminated in consolidation. These securities are collateralized by non-recourse funding obligations issued by captive insurance companies that are affiliates of the Company. The Company’s held-to-maturity securities had $86.3 million of gross unrecognized holding losses as of December 31, 2018. The Company does not consider these unrecognized holding losses to be other-than-temporary based on certain positive factors associated with the securities which include credit ratings of the guarantor, financial health of the issuer and guarantor, continued access of the issuer to capital markets and other pertinent information. Variable Interest Entity The Company holds certain investments in an entity in which its ownership interests could possibly be considered variable interests under Topic 810 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Codification (excluding debt and equity securities held as trading, available-for-sale, or held-to-maturity). The Company reviews the characteristics of the applicable entity and compares those characteristics to applicable criteria to determine whether the entity is a VIE. If the entity is determined to be a VIE, the Company then performs a detailed review to determine whether the interest would be considered a variable interest under the guidance. The Company then performs a qualitative review of all variable interests with the entity and determines whether the Company is the primary beneficiary. ASC 810 provides that an entity is the primary beneficiary of a VIE if the entity has 1) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and 2) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Based on this analysis, the Company had an interest in one wholly owned subsidiary, Red Mountain, LLC (“Red Mountain”) as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, that was determined to be a VIE. |