The Company’s effective tax rate will change throughout 2006 primarily as a result of (1) the mix of losses generated within the U.S., which will not be benefited, and the earnings that will be generated outside the U.S., (2) the tax impacts of the Company’s ongoing restructuring activity under its 2004 – 2007 Restructuring Program, which will be based on the specific tax jurisdictions in which those charges are incurred, and (3) other nonrecurring, discrete factors.
The loss from continuing operations for the first quarter of 2006 was $298 million, or $1.04 per basic and diluted share, as compared with a loss from continuing operations for the first quarter of 2005 of $147 million, or $.51 per basic and diluted share, representing a decrease in earnings of $151 million. This decrease in earnings from continuing operations is attributable to the reasons described above.
Net worldwide sales for the Consumer Digital Imaging Group (CDG) segment were $498 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $553 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $55 million, or 10%. The decrease in net sales was comprised of: (1) lower volumes, which decreased first quarter sales by approximately 7.9 percentage points, driven primarily by declines in the consumer digital capture SPG, (2) declines related to negative price/mix, which reduced net sales by approximately 0.5 percentage points, driven primarily by the kiosk SPG and the home printing solutions SPG, and, (3) unfavorable exchange, which decreased net sales by approximately 1.6 percentage points.
CDG segment net sales in the U.S. were $275 million for the current quarter as compared with $304 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $29 million, or 10%. CDG segment net sales outside the U.S. were $223 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $249 million for the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $26 million, or 10%.
Net worldwide sales of consumer digital capture products, which include consumer digital cameras, accessories, memory products, image sensors, and royalties, decreased 11% in the first quarter of 2006 as compared with the prior year quarter, primarily reflecting volume decreases due to higher retailer inventory on an industry-wide basis and unfavorable exchange, partially offset by positive price/mix. For digital still cameras, Kodak remains in the top three market position on a worldwide basis through February.
Net worldwide sales of picture maker kiosks/media decreased 9% in the first quarter of 2006 as compared with the first quarter of 2005, as a result of negative price/mix driven by significant thermal media product price reductions implemented during the second half of 2005 and unfavorable exchange, partially offset by volume increases resulting from higher consumables usage.
Net worldwide sales of the home printing solutions SPG, which includes inkjet photo paper and printer docks/media, decreased 14% in the current quarter as compared with the first quarter of 2005 driven by unfavorable price/mix due to significant thermal media product price reductions implemented during the second half of 2005 and negative foreign exchange, partially offset by volume increases. Through February, Kodak’s printer dock product continues to maintain leading market share positions on a weighted average basis in six key countries where market share is measured.
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Gross Profit
Gross profit for the CDG segment was $80 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $104 million for the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $24 million or 23%. The gross profit margin was 16.1% in the current quarter as compared with 18.8% in the prior year quarter. The 2.7 percentage point decrease was primarily attributable to price/mix declines primarily driven by the consumer digital capture SPG, the home printing solutions SPG, and the kiosk SPG, partially offset by the year-over-year increase in royalty income related to digital capture, which in total reduced gross profit margins by approximately 3.2 percentage points, and foreign exchange, which negatively impacted gross profit margins by approximately 1.5 percentage points, partially offset by reduced manufacturing-related costs, which positively impacted gross profit margins by approximately 2.1 percentage points.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses for the CDG segment increased $10 million, or 9%, from $116 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $126 million in the current quarter, and increased as a percentage of sales from 21% for the first quarter of 2005 to 25% for the current quarter. This increase was primarily driven by advertising costs.
Research and Development Costs
R&D costs for the CDG segment increased $2 million, or 4%, from $45 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $47 million in the current quarter and increased as a percentage of sales from 8% in the prior year quarter to 9%.
Loss From Continuing Operations Before Interest, Other Income (Charges), Net and Income Taxes
The loss from continuing operations before interest, other income (charges), net and income taxes for the CDG segment was $94 million in the first quarter of 2006 compared with a loss of $58 million in the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease in earnings of $36 million or 62%, as a result of the factors described above.
FILM AND PHOTOFINISHING SYSTEMS GROUP
Worldwide Revenues
Net worldwide sales for the Film and Photofinishing Systems Group (FPG) segment were $916 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $1,268 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $352 million, or 28%. The decrease in net sales was comprised of lower volumes driven primarily by declines in the consumer film capture SPG, the consumer output SPG, and the photofinishing services SPG, which decreased first quarter sales by approximately 24.6 percentage points, and declines related to negative price/mix, driven primarily by the consumer film capture SPG and the entertainment imaging SPG, which reduced net sales by approximately 1.5 percentage points. Unfavorable foreign exchange also decreased net sales by approximately 1.7 percentage points.
FPG segment net sales in the U.S. were $284 million for the current quarter as compared with $402 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $118 million, or 29%. FPG segment net sales outside the U.S. were $632 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $866 million for the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $234 million, or 27%.
Net worldwide sales of the consumer film capture SPG, including consumer roll film (35mm and APS film), one-time-use cameras (OTUC), professional films, reloadable traditional film cameras and batteries/videotape, decreased 36% in the first quarter of 2006 as compared with the first quarter of 2005, primarily reflecting industry volume declines, negative price/mix, and unfavorable exchange.
Net worldwide sales for the consumer and professional output SPGs, which includes retail and wholesale color negative paper, photochemicals, and retail equipment service, decreased 25% in the first quarter of 2006 as compared with the first quarter of 2005, primarily reflecting volume declines and unfavorable exchange.
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Net worldwide sales for the photofinishing services SPG, which includes equipment and photofinishing services at Qualex in the U.S. and CIS (Consumer Imaging Services) outside the U.S., decreased 50% in the first quarter of 2006 as compared with the first quarter of 2005, reflecting continuing volume declines, product portfolio changes and unfavorable exchange.
Net worldwide sales for the entertainment imaging SPGs, including origination and print films for the entertainment industry decreased 7%, primarily reflecting volume declines, unfavorable price/mix, and unfavorable exchange. More conservative release strategies by major studios and an increase in the proportion of independent versus studio feature film releases contributed to this decline.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the FPG segment was $215 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $352 million for the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $137 million or 39%. The gross profit margin was 23.5% in the current quarter as compared with 27.8% in the prior year quarter. The 4.3 percentage point decrease was primarily attributable to higher year-over-year depreciation charges due to the asset useful life changes in the third quarter of 2005. Higher silver prices, negative foreign exchange, and volume declines were more than offset by favorable manufacturing productivity and improvements in price/mix in the consumer output and aerial and industrial imaging SPGs.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses for the FPG segment decreased $80 million, or 31%, from $255 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $175 million in the current quarter, and decreased as a percentage of sales from 20% in the prior year quarter to 19% in the current quarter. The decline in SG&A was attributable to the impacts of focused cost reduction actions and advertising reductions.
Research and Development Costs
R&D costs for the FPG segment decreased $16 million, or 62%, from $26 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $10 million in the current quarter and decreased as a percentage of sales from 2% in the prior year quarter to 1% in the current quarter. The decrease in R&D was primarily attributable to reductions in spending related to traditional products and services.
Earnings From Continuing Operations Before Interest, Other Income (Charges), Net and Income Taxes
Earnings from continuing operations before interest, other income (charges), net and income taxes for the FPG segment were $29 million in the first quarter of 2006 compared with $71 million in the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $42 million or 59%, as a result of the factors described above.
GRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS GROUP
The Graphic Communications Group (GCG) segment serves a variety of customers in the in-plant, data center, commercial printing, packaging, newspaper and digital service bureau markets with a range of software and hardware products that provide customers with a range of solutions for prepress, traditional and digital printing, and document scanning and multi-vendor IT services.
On April 1, 2005, the Company became the sole owner of KPG through the redemption of Sun Chemical Corporation’s 50 percent interest in the KPG joint venture. This transaction further established the Company as a leader in the graphic communications industry and complements the Company’s existing business in this market. Under the terms of the transaction, the Company redeemed all of Sun Chemical’s shares in KPG by providing $317 million in cash at closing and by entering into two notes payable arrangements, one that will be payable within the U.S. (the U.S. note) and one that will be payable outside of the U.S. (the non-U.S. note), that will require principal and interest payments of $200 million in the third quarter of 2006, and $50 million annually from 2008 through 2013. The total payments due under the U.S. note and the non-U.S. note are $100 million and $400 million, respectively. The aggregate fair value of these notes payable arrangements of approximately $395 million as of the acquisition date was recorded as long-term debt in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Financial Position.
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On June 15, 2005, the Company completed the acquisition of Creo Inc. (Creo), a premier supplier of prepress and workflow systems used by commercial printers around the world. The acquisition of Creo uniquely positions the Company to be the preferred partner for its customers, helping them improve efficiency, expand their offerings and grow their businesses. The Company paid $954 million (excluding approximately $13 million in transaction related costs), or $16.50 per share, for all of the outstanding shares of Creo. The Company used its bank lines to initially fund the acquisition, which has been refinanced with a term loan under the Company’s Secured Credit Agreement. Creo’s extensive solutions portfolio is now part of the Company’s Graphic Communications Group segment.
Worldwide Revenues
Net worldwide sales for the Graphic Communications Group segment were $870 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $368 million for the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $502 million, or 136%. The increase in net sales was primarily due to the KPG and Creo acquisitions, which together contributed $505 million in sales.
Net sales in the U.S. were $313 million for the current quarter as compared with $156 million for the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $157 million, or 101%. Net sales outside the U.S. were $557 million in the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $212 million for the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $345 million, or 163%, which includes a decrease of $7 million or 3% unfavorable impact from exchange.
Digital Strategic Product Groups’ Revenues
The Graphic Communications Group segment digital product sales are comprised of KPG digital revenues; NexPress Solutions, a producer of digital color and black and white printing solutions; Creo, a supplier of prepress and workflow systems; Kodak Versamark, a provider of continuous inkjet technology; document scanners; Encad, a maker of wide-format inkjet printers, inks and media; and service and support.
Digital product sales for the Graphic Communications Group segment were $732 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $299 million for the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $433 million, or 145%. The increase in digital product sales was primarily attributable to the acquisitions of KPG and Creo.
Net worldwide sales for NexPress color and black and white products increased 14% driven by strong volume increases partially offset by unfavorable foreign exchange. The installed base of digital production color presses continues to grow and increases in customer average monthly page volumes are leading to higher sales of consumables.
Sales of Kodak Versamark products and services decreased 9% in the current quarter as compared with the first quarter of 2005, due to volume and mix.
Traditional Strategic Product Groups��� Revenues
Segment traditional product sales are primarily comprised of sales of traditional graphics products, KPG’s analog plates and other films, and microfilm products. These sales were $138 million for the current quarter compared with $69 million for the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $69 million, or 100%. The increase in sales was primarily attributable to the acquisition of KPG.
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Gross Profit
Gross profit for the Graphic Communications Group segment was $255 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $84 million in the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $171 million, or 204%. The gross profit margin was 29.3% in the current quarter as compared with 22.8% in the prior year quarter. The increase in the gross profit margin of 6.5 percentage points was primarily attributable to: (1) the acquisitions of Creo and KPG, which increased gross profit margins by approximately 6.2 percentage points, and (2) reductions in manufacturing and other costs, which increased gross profit margins by approximately 1.7 percentage points. These positive impacts were partially offset by negative impacts from: (1) declines in price/mix, primarily driven by the Encad, Versamark and NexPress businesses, which reduced gross profit margins by approximately 1.1 percentage points, and (2) unfavorable exchange, which decreased gross profit margins by approximately 0.3 percentage points.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses for the Graphic Communications Group segment were $176 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $82 million in the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $94 million, or 115%, and decreased as a percentage of sales from 22% to 20%. The increase in SG&A in absolute dollars is attributable to the acquisitions of KPG and Creo, while the decrease in SG&A as a percentage of sales is primarily attributable to the fact that KPG and Creo generally have lower SG&A costs as a percent of sales.
Research and Development Costs
First quarter R&D costs for the Graphic Communications Group segment increased $10 million, or 27%, from $37 million for the first quarter of 2005 to $47 million for the current quarter, and decreased as a percentage of sales from 10% for the first quarter of 2005 to 5% for the current quarter. The dollar increase was primarily driven by increased R&D costs associated with acquired businesses of $18 million, partially offset by integration synergies and reduced spending on other GCG products.
Earnings (Loss) From Continuing Operations Before Interest, Other Income (Charges), Net and Income Taxes
Earnings from continuing operations before interest, other income (charges), net and income taxes for the Graphic Communications Group segment were $31 million in the first quarter of 2006 compared with a loss of $34 million in the first quarter of 2005. This increase in earnings is attributable to the reasons outlined above.
HEALTH GROUP
Worldwide Revenues
Net worldwide sales for the Health Group segment were $585 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $626 million for the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $41 million, or 7%. The decrease in sales was attributable to decreases in volume of approximately 3.2 percentage points, primarily driven by the digital output and traditional medical film SPGs, partially offset by the growth in digital capture, dental, and healthcare information SPGs. Price/mix decreases reduced first quarter sales by approximately 0.5 percentage points, primarily driven by the digital capture SPG. Additionally, unfavorable exchange negatively impacted first quarter sales by approximately 2.9 percentage points.
Net sales in the U.S. were $233 million for the current quarter as compared with $245 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $12 million, or 5%. Net sales outside the U.S. were $352 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $381 million for the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $29 million, or 8%, which includes a decline of 5% from the unfavorable impact of exchange.
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Digital Strategic Product Groups’ Revenues
Health Group segment digital sales, which include digital output (DryView laser imagers/media and wet laser printers/media), digital capture equipment (computed radiography and digital radiography systems), services, dental systems (practice management software and digital radiography capture equipment) and healthcare information systems (Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS)), were $386 million for the current quarter as compared with $397 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $11 million, or 3%. This sales decline was driven by lower volumes in the digital output SPG, partially offset by volume growth in the digital capture, dental systems, and healthcare information systems SPGs.
Traditional Strategic Product Groups’ Revenues
Segment traditional product sales, including analog film, equipment, service, and chemistry, were $199 million for the current quarter as compared with $229 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing a decrease of $30 million, or 13%. Sales reflect volume declines and negative price/mix.
Gross Profit
Gross profit for the Health Group segment was $207 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $240 million in the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $33 million, or 14%. The gross profit margin was 35.4% in the current quarter as compared with 38.3% in the first quarter of 2005. The decrease in the gross profit margin of 2.9 percentage points was principally attributable to: (1) price/mix, which negatively impacted gross profit margins by 1.7 percentage points primarily driven by the digital capture SPG, (2) an increase in manufacturing cost, which decreased gross profit margins by 0.7 percentage points, primarily reflecting higher silver and raw material costs, and (3) unfavorable exchange, which reduced gross profit margins by approximately 0.6 percentage points.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses for the Health Group segment increased $6 million, or 5%, from $118 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $124 million for the current quarter, and increased as a percentage of sales from 19% in the prior year quarter to 21% in the current year quarter. The increase in SG&A expenses is attributable to increased receivables reserves, selling expenses, and legal settlements.
Research and Development Costs
First quarter R&D costs decreased $7 million, or 16%, from $44 million in the first quarter of 2005 to $37 million, and decreased as a percentage of sales from 7% in the prior year quarter to 6% in the current year quarter. This decrease was primarily driven by the write-off of $2 million of purchased in-process R&D in the first quarter of 2005 related to the acquisition of OREX Computed Radiography Ltd., and by development costs incurred during the first quarter of 2005 related to products which were completed and launched in the latter part of 2005
Earnings From Continuing Operations Before Interest, Other Income (Charges), Net and Income Taxes
Earnings from continuing operations before interest, other income (charges), net and income taxes for the Health segment decreased $32 million, or 41%, from $78 million for the prior year quarter to $46 million for the first quarter of 2006 due to the reasons described above.
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ALL OTHER
Worldwide Revenues
Net worldwide sales for All Other were $20 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $17 million for the first quarter of 2005, representing an increase of $3 million, or 18%. Net sales in the U.S. were $17 million for the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $8 million for the prior year quarter, representing an increase of $9 million, or 113%. Net sales outside the U.S. were $3 million in the first quarter of 2006 as compared with $9 million in the prior year quarter, representing a decrease of $6 million, or 67%.
Loss From Continuing Operations Before Interest, Other Income (Charges), Net and Income Taxes
The loss from continuing operations before interest, other income (charges), net and income taxes for All Other was $43 million in the current quarter as compared with a loss of $52 million in the first quarter of 2005. These losses are primarily driven by digital investments, which include the inkjet and display programs.
NET LOSS
The net loss for the first quarter of 2006 was $298 million, or a loss of $1.04 per basic and diluted share, as compared with a net loss for the first quarter of 2005 of $146 million, or $.51 per basic and diluted share, representing a decrease of $152 million or 104%. This decrease in earnings is attributable to the reasons outlined above.
RESTRUCTURING COSTS AND OTHER
The Company is currently undergoing the transformation from a traditional products and services company to a digital products and services company. In connection with this transformation, the Company announced a cost reduction program in January 2004 that would extend through 2006 to achieve the appropriate business model and to significantly reduce its worldwide facilities footprint. In July 2005, the Company announced an extension to this program into 2007 to accelerate its digital transformation, which included further cost reductions that will result in a business model consistent with what is necessary to compete profitably in digital markets.
In connection with its announcement relating to the extended “2004-2007 Restructuring Program,” the Company has provided estimates with respect to (1) the number of positions to be eliminated, (2) the facility square footage reduction, (3) the reduction in its traditional manufacturing infrastructure, and (4) the total restructuring charges to be incurred.
The actual charges for initiatives under this program are recorded in the period in which the Company commits to formalized restructuring plans or executes the specific actions contemplated by the program and all criteria for restructuring charge recognition under the applicable accounting guidance have been met.
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Restructuring Programs Summary
The activity in the accrued restructuring balances and the non-cash charges incurred in relation to all of the restructuring programs described below were as follows for the first quarter of 2006:
(in millions) | | Balance Dec. 31, 2005 | | Costs Incurred | | Reversals (1) | | Cash Payments | | Non- cash Settlements | | Other Adjustments and Reclasses (2) | | Balance Mar. 31, 2006 | |
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2004-2007 Restructuring Program: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Severance reserve | | $ | 271 | | $ | 90 | | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (97 | ) | $ | — | | $ | 6 | | $ | 269 | |
Exit costs reserve | | | 23 | | | 19 | | | — | | | (14 | ) | | — | | | 1 | | | 29 | |
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Total reserve | | $ | 294 | | $ | 109 | | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (111 | ) | $ | — | | $ | 7 | | $ | 298 | |
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Long-lived asset impairments and inventory write-downs | | $ | — | | $ | 38 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (38 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | |
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Accelerated depreciation | | $ | — | | $ | 82 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (82 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | |
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Pre-2004 Restructuring Programs: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Severance reserve | | $ | 2 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (1 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 1 | |
Exit costs reserve | | | 13 | | | — | | | — | | | (1 | ) | | — | | | — | | | 12 | |
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Total reserve | | $ | 15 | | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | (2 | ) | $ | — | | $ | — | | $ | 13 | |
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Total of all restructuring programs | | $ | 309 | | $ | 229 | | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (113 | ) | $ | (120 | ) | $ | 7 | | $ | 311 | |
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(1) | During the three months ended March 31, 2006, the Company reversed $1 million of severance reserves, as severance payments were less than originally estimated. These reserve reversals were included in restructuring costs and other in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006. |
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(2) | The total restructuring charges of $229 million include: (1) pension and other postretirement charges and credits for curtailments, settlements and special termination benefits, and (2) environmental remediation charges that resulted from the Company’s ongoing restructuring actions. However, because the impact of these charges and credits relate to the accounting for pensions, other postretirement benefits, and environmental remediation costs, the related impacts on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position are reflected in their respective components as opposed to within the accrued restructuring balances at March 31, 2006. Accordingly, the Other Adjustments and Reclasses column of the table above includes: (1) reclassifications to Other long-term assets and Pension and other postretirement liabilities for the position elimination-related impacts on the Company’s pension and other postretirement employee benefit plan arrangements, including net curtailment losses, net settlement gains, and special termination benefits of $(2) million, and (2) reclassifications to Other long-term liabilities for the restructuring-related impacts on the Company’s environmental remediation liabilities of $(5) million. Additionally, the Other Adjustments and Reclasses column of the table above includes: (1) adjustments to the restructuring reserves of $11 million related to the KPG and Creo purchase accounting impacts that were charged appropriately to Goodwill as opposed to Restructuring charges, and (2) foreign currency translation adjustments of $3 million, which are reflected in Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. |
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The costs incurred, net of reversals, which total $228 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006, include $82 million and $1 million of charges related to accelerated depreciation and inventory write-downs that were reported in cost of goods sold in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The remaining costs incurred, net of reversals, of $145 million were reported as restructuring costs and other in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The severance costs and exit costs require the outlay of cash, while long-lived asset impairments, accelerated depreciation and inventory write-downs represent non-cash items.
2004-2007 Restructuring Program
The Company announced on January 22, 2004 that it planned to develop and execute a comprehensive cost reduction program throughout the 2004 to 2006 timeframe. The objective of these actions is to achieve a business model appropriate for the Company’s traditional businesses, and to sharpen the Company’s competitiveness in digital markets.
The Program was expected to result in total charges of $1.3 billion to $1.7 billion over the three-year period, of which $700 million to $900 million are related to severance, with the remainder relating to the disposal of buildings and equipment. Overall, Kodak’s worldwide facility square footage was expected to be reduced by approximately one-third. Approximately 12,000 to 15,000 positions worldwide were expected to be eliminated through these actions primarily in global manufacturing, selected traditional businesses and corporate administration.
On July 20, 2005, the Company announced that it would extend the restructuring activity, originally announced in January 2004, as part of its efforts to accelerate its digital transformation and to respond to a faster-than-expected decline in consumer film sales. The Company now plans to increase the total employment reduction to a range of 22,500 to 25,000 positions, and to reduce its traditional manufacturing infrastructure to approximately $1 billion, compared with $2.9 billion as of December 31, 2004. These changes are expected to increase the total charges under the Program to a range of $2.7 billion to $3.0 billion. When largely completed by the middle of 2007, these activities will result in a business model consistent with what is necessary to compete profitably in digital markets. As a result of this announcement, this program has been renamed the “2004-2007 Restructuring Program.”
The Company implemented certain actions under the Program during the first quarter of 2006. As a result of these actions, the Company recorded charges of $147 million in the first quarter of 2006, which were composed of severance, long-lived asset impairments, exit costs and inventory write-downs of $90 million, $37 million, $19 million and $1 million, respectively. The severance costs related to the elimination of approximately 1,175 positions, including approximately 125 photofinishing, 650 manufacturing, 75 research and development and 325 administrative positions. The geographic composition of the positions to be eliminated includes approximately 600 in the United States and Canada and 575 throughout the rest of the world. Included in the 1,175 positions are approximately 75 positions related to KPG and Creo, which were acquired in 2005. The severance related to these positions was recorded as part of the purchase accounting related to these acquisitions. The reduction of the 1,175 positions and the $109 million charges for severance and exit costs are reflected in the 2004-2007 Restructuring Program table below. The $37 million charge in the first quarter for long-lived asset impairments were included in restructuring costs and other in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006, respectively. The charges taken for inventory write-downs of $1 million were reported in cost of goods sold in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
As a result of initiatives implemented under the 2004-2007 Restructuring Program, the Company also recorded $82 million of accelerated depreciation on long-lived assets in cost of goods sold in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2006. The accelerated depreciation relates to long-lived assets accounted for under the held and used model of SFAS No. 144. The total amount of $82 million relates to $4 million of photofinishing facilities and equipment and $78 million of manufacturing facilities and equipment that will be used until their abandonment. The Company will incur approximately $77 million of accelerated depreciation in the second quarter of 2006 as a result of the initiatives already implemented under the 2004-2007 Restructuring Program.
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Under this Program, on a life-to-date basis as of March 31, 2006, the Company has recorded charges of $2,188 million, which was composed of severance, long-lived asset impairments, exit costs, inventory write-downs and accelerated depreciation of $1,005 million, $299 million, $202 million, $57 million and $625 million, respectively. The severance costs related to the elimination of approximately 18,925 positions, including approximately 5,825 photofinishing, 8,600 manufacturing, 1,075 research and development and 3,425 administrative positions.
The following table summarizes the activity with respect to the charges recorded in connection with the focused cost reduction actions that the Company has committed to under the 2004-2007 Restructuring Program and the remaining balances in the related reserves at March 31, 2006:
(dollars in millions) | | Number of Employees | | Severance Reserve | | Exit Costs Reserve | | Total | | Long-lived Asset Impairments and Inventory Write-downs | | Accelerated Depreciation | |
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2004 charges | | | 9,625 | | $ | 418 | | $ | 99 | | $ | 517 | | $ | 157 | | $ | 152 | |
2004 reversals | | | — | | | (6 | ) | | (1 | ) | | (7 | ) | | — | | | — | |
2004 utilization | | | (5,175 | ) | | (169 | ) | | (47 | ) | | (216 | ) | | (157 | ) | | (152 | ) |
2004 other adj. & reclasses | | | — | | | 24 | | | (15 | ) | | 9 | | | — | | | — | |
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Balance at 12/31/04 | | | 4,450 | | | 267 | | | 36 | | | 303 | | | — | | | — | |
2005 charges | | | 8,125 | | | 497 | | | 84 | | | 581 | | | 161 | | | 391 | |
2005 reversals | | | — | | | (3 | ) | | (6 | ) | | (9 | ) | | — | | | — | |
2005 utilization | | | (10,225 | ) | | (377 | ) | | (95 | ) | | (472 | ) | | (161 | ) | | (391 | ) |
2005 other adj. & reclasses | | | — | | | (113 | ) | | 4 | | | (109 | ) | | — | | | — | |
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Balance at 12/31/05 | | | 2,350 | | | 271 | | | 23 | | | 294 | | | — | | | — | |
Q1, 2006 charges | | | 1,175 | | | 90 | | | 19 | | | 109 | | | 38 | | | 82 | |
Q1, 2006 reversals | | | — | | | (1 | ) | | — | | | (1 | ) | | — | | | — | |
Q1, 2006 utilization | | | (1,425 | ) | | (97 | ) | | (14 | ) | | (111 | ) | | (38 | ) | | (82 | ) |
Q1, 2006 other adj. & reclasses | | | — | | | 6 | | | 1 | | | 7 | | | — | | | — | |
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Balance at 03/31/06 | | | 2,100 | | $ | 269 | | $ | 29 | | $ | 298 | | $ | — | | $ | — | |
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As a result of the initiatives already implemented under the 2004-2007 Restructuring Program, severance payments will be paid during periods through 2007 since, in many instances, the employees whose positions were eliminated can elect or are required to receive their payments over an extended period of time. Most exit costs have been paid or will be paid during 2006. However, certain costs, such as long-term lease payments, will be paid over periods after 2006.
The charges of $229 million recorded in the first quarter of 2006, excluding reversals, included $40 million applicable to the Film and Photofinishing Systems Group segment, $8 million applicable to the Health Group segment, $12 million applicable to the Graphic Communications Group segment, and $28 million applicable to All Other. The balance of $141 million was applicable to manufacturing, research and development, and administrative functions, which are shared across all segments.
The restructuring actions implemented during the first quarter of 2006 under the 2004-2007 Restructuring Program are expected to generate future annual cost savings of approximately $97 million and future annual cash savings of approximately $82 million. These cost savings began to be realized by the Company beginning in the first quarter of 2006, and are expected to be fully realized by the end of 2006 as most of the actions and severance payouts are completed. These total cost savings are expected to reduce future cost of goods sold, SG&A, and R&D expenses by approximately $66 million, $7 million, and $24 million, respectively.
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Based on all of the actions taken to date under the 2004-2007 Restructuring Program, the program is expected to generate annual cost savings of approximately $1,081 million, including annual cash savings of $1,033 million, as compared with pre-program levels. The Company began realizing these savings in the second quarter of 2004, and expects the savings to be fully realized by the end of 2006 as most of the actions and severance payouts are completed. These total cost savings are expected to reduce cost of goods sold, SG&A, and R&D expenses by approximately $732 million, $226 million, and $123 million, respectively.
The above savings estimates are based primarily on objective data related to the Company’s severance actions. Savings resulting from facility closures and other non-severance actions that are more difficult to quantify are not included. The Company reaffirms its estimate of total annual cost savings including both employee-related costs and facility-related costs under the extended 2004-2007 Restructuring Program of $1.6 billion to $1.8 billion, as announced in July 2005, and does not expect the final annual cost savings to differ materially from this estimate.
Pre-2004 Restructuring Programs
At March 31, 2006, the Company had remaining severance and exit costs reserves of $1 million and $12 million, respectively, relating to restructuring plans committed to or executed prior to 2004.
The remaining severance payments relate to initiatives already implemented under the Pre-2004 Restructuring Programs and have been or will be paid out during 2006 since, in many instances, the employees whose positions were eliminated can elect or are required to receive their severance payments over an extended period of time. Most of the remaining exit costs reserves represent long-term lease payments, which will continue to be paid over periods throughout and after 2006.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash Flow Activity
The Company’s cash and cash equivalents decreased $588 million to $1,077 million at March 31, 2006. The decrease resulted primarily from $481 million of net cash used in operating activities, $96 million of net cash used in investing activities, and $19 million of net cash used in financing activities.
The net cash used in operating activities of $481 million was primarily attributable to increases in inventories of $216 million and a decrease in liabilities excluding borrowings of $515 million, which included $135 million of payments for restructuring-related severance benefits and exit costs. The increase in inventories is primarily due to: 1) seasonal build of inventory in preparation for the second and third quarter sales volumes; and 2) seasonally lower first quarter 2006 sales compared with fourth quarter 2005. The decrease in liabilities is primarily due to payment of incentive compensation accruals, payment of trade payables for inventories and royalty payments. These uses of cash were partially offset by decreases in receivables of $296 million. The decrease in receivables is a result of seasonally lower sales levels in the three month period ended March 31, 2006 compared with fourth quarter 2005 sales. In addition, the company’s net loss of $298 million, which, when adjusted for depreciation and amortization, the loss on sales of businesses/assets, restructuring costs, asset impairments and other non-cash charges, and benefit for deferred taxes, provided $74 million of operating cash.
The net cash used in investing activities of $96 million was utilized primarily for capital expenditures of $93 million. The net cash used in financing activities of $19 million was the result of a net decrease in borrowings.
The Company’s primary uses of cash include restructuring payments, debt payments, capital additions, dividend payments, employee benefit plan payments/contributions, and working capital needs.
Capital additions were $93 million in the first quarter of 2006, with the majority of the spending supporting new products, manufacturing productivity and quality improvements, infrastructure improvements, equipment placements with customers, and ongoing environmental and safety initiatives. For the year ending December 31, 2006, the Company expects capital additions of less than $500 million.
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During the first quarter of 2006, the Company expended $135 million against restructuring reserves and pension and other postretirement liabilities, primarily for the payment of severance benefits. Employees whose positions were eliminated could elect to receive severance payments for up to two years following their date of termination.
As a result of the cumulative impact of the ongoing position eliminations under its Pre-2004 and 2004-2007 Restructuring Programs as disclosed in Note 8 and above as part of Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, the Company incurred curtailment and settlement gains and losses with respect to certain of its retirement plans in 2006. These curtailment events resulted in the remeasurement of the respective plans’ obligations, which impacted the accounting for the additional minimum pension liabilities. As a result of these remeasurements, the Company was required to decrease its additional minimum pension liabilities by $220 million during 2006. This decrease is reflected in the pension and other postretirement liabilities component within the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of March 31, 2006. The net-of-tax amount of $152 million relating to the decrease of the additional minimum pension liabilities is reflected in the accumulated other comprehensive loss component within the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of March 31, 2006. The related decrease in the long-term deferred tax asset of $68 million was reflected in the other long-term assets component within the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of March 31, 2006.
The Company has a dividend policy whereby it makes semi-annual payments which, when declared, will be paid on the Company’s 10th business day each July and December to shareholders of record on the close of the first business day of the preceding month.
The Company made contributions (funded plans) or paid benefits (unfunded plans) totaling approximately $61 million relating to its major U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans in the first quarter of 2006. The Company expects its contribution (funded plans) and benefit payment (unfunded plans) requirements for its major U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans for the balance of 2006 to be approximately $91 million.
The Company paid benefits totaling approximately $62 million relating to its U.S., United Kingdom and Canada postretirement benefit plans in the first quarter of 2006. The Company expects to pay benefits of $197 million for its U.S., United Kingdom and Canada postretirement plans for the balance of 2006.
The Company believes that its cash flow from operations, in addition to asset sales and intellectual property monetization, will be sufficient to cover its working capital and capital investment needs and the funds required for future debt reduction, restructuring payments, dividend payments, employee benefit plan payments/contributions, and modest acquisitions. The Company’s cash balances and its financing arrangements will be used to bridge timing differences between expenditures and cash generated from operations.
Short-Term Borrowings
As of March 31, 2006, the Company and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, maintained $1,139 million in committed bank lines of credit and $766 million in uncommitted bank lines of credit to ensure continued access to short-term borrowing capacity.
Secured Credit Facilities
On October 18, 2005 the Company closed on $2.7 billion of Senior Secured Credit Facilities (Secured Credit Facilities) under a new Secured Credit Agreement (Secured Credit Agreement) and associated Security Agreement and Canadian Security Agreement. The Secured Credit Facilities consists of a $1.0 billion 5-Year Committed Revolving Credit Facility (5-Year Revolving Credit Facility) expiring October 18, 2010 and $1.7 billion of Term Loan Facilities (Term Facilities) expiring October 18, 2012.
The 5-Year Revolving Credit Facility can be used by Eastman Kodak Company (U.S. Borrower) for general corporate purposes including the issuance of letters of credit. Amounts available under the facility can be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed throughout the term of the facility provided the Company remains in compliance with covenants contained in the Secured Credit Agreement. As of March 31, 2006, there was no debt outstanding and $112 million of letters of credit issued under this facility. During April 2006, the Company issued additional letters of credit of $23 million to support environmental liabilities.
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Under the Term Facilities, $1.2 billion was borrowed at closing primarily to refinance debt originally issued under the Company’s previous $1.225 billion 5-Year Facility to finance the acquisition of Creo Inc. on June 15, 2005. The $1.2 billion consisted of a $920 million 7-Year Term Loan to the U.S. Borrower and $280 million 7-Year Term Loan to Kodak Graphic Communications Canada Company (KGCCC or, the Canadian Borrower). At March 31, 2006, the balances reported in long-term debt, net of current portion, on the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position were $918 million and $279 million for the U.S. Borrower and the Canadian Borrower, respectively. The Secured Credit Agreement requires mandatory quarterly prepayment of .25% of the outstanding advances. Debt issue costs incurred of approximately $57 million associated with the Secured Credit Facilities were recorded as an asset and are being amortized over the life of the borrowings. The remaining $500 million under the Term Facilities is committed by the Lenders and available to the U.S. Borrower, through June 15, 2006. For this $500 million commitment, a 1.50% annual fee is paid on the unused amount to the Lenders.
In addition to the $2.7 billion of Secured Credit Facilities, the Secured Credit Agreement allows for up to an additional $500 million for a new secured credit loan based on terms and pricing available and agreed to at the time the new credit loan would be established. There are no fees for this feature.
Pursuant to the Secured Credit Agreement and associated Security Agreement, each subsidiary organized in the U.S. jointly and severally guarantees the obligations under the Secured Credit Agreement and all other obligations of the Company and its subsidiaries to the Lenders. The guaranty is supported by the pledge of certain U.S. assets of the U.S. Borrower and the Company’s U.S. subsidiaries including, but not limited to, receivables, inventory, equipment, deposit accounts, investments, intellectual property, including patents, trademarks and copyrights, and the capital stock of Material Subsidiaries. Excluded from pledged assets are real property, “Principal Properties” and equity interests in “Restricted Subsidiaries”, as defined in the Company’s 1988 Indenture.
Material Subsidiaries are defined as those subsidiaries with revenues or assets constituting 5 percent or more of the consolidated revenues or assets of the corresponding borrower. Material Subsidiaries are determined on an annual basis under the Secured Credit Agreement.
Pursuant to the Secured Credit Agreement and associated Canadian Security Agreement, Eastman Kodak Company and Kodak Graphic Communications Company (KGCC, formerly Creo Americas, Inc.), jointly and severally guarantee the obligations of the Canadian Borrower, to the Lenders. Certain assets of the Canadian Borrower in Canada were also pledged in support of its obligations, including, but not limited to, receivables, inventory, equipment, deposit accounts, investments, intellectual property, including patents, trademarks and copyrights, and the capital stock of the Canadian Borrower’s Material Subsidiaries.
Interest rates for borrowings under the Secured Credit Agreement are dependent on the Company’s Long-Term Senior Secured Credit Rating. The Secured Credit Agreement contains various affirmative and negative covenants customary in a facility of this type, including two quarterly financial covenants: (1) a consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) to consolidated interest expense (subject to adjustments to exclude interest expense not related to borrowed money) ratio, on a rolling four-quarter basis, of no less than 3 to 1, and (2) a consolidated debt for borrowed money to consolidated EBITDA (subject to adjustments to exclude any extraordinary income or losses, as defined by the Secured Credit Agreement, interest income and certain non-cash items of income and expense) ratio of not greater than: 4.75 to 1 as of December 31, 2005; 4.50 to 1 as of March 31, 2006; 4.25 to 1 as of June 30, 2006; 4.00 to 1 as of September 30, 2006; and 3.50 to 1 as of December 31, 2006 and thereafter.
As of March 31, 2006, the Company’s consolidated debt to EBITDA ratio was 2.76 and the consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest ratio was 5.80. Consolidated EBITDA and consolidated interest expense, as adjusted, are non-GAAP financial measures. The Company believes that the presentation of the consolidated debt to EBITDA and EBITDA to consolidated interest expense financial measures is useful information to investors, as it provides information as to how the Company actually performed against the financial restrictions and requirements under the Secured Credit Facilities, and how much headroom the Company has within these covenants.
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The following table reconciles EBITDA, as included in the computation of the consolidated debt to EBITDA ratio under the Secured Credit Agreement covenants, to the most directly comparable GAAP measure of loss from continuing operations before interest, other income (charges), net and income taxes:
(in millions) | | Rolling Four Quarter Total | | First Quarter 2006 | | Fourth Quarter 2005 | | Third Quarter 2005 | | Second Quarter 2005 | |
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Net loss | | $ | (1,413 | ) | $ | (298 | ) | $ | (46 | ) | $ | (914 | ) | $ | (155 | ) |
Plus: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | | | 235 | | | 62 | | | 67 | | | 57 | | | 49 | |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes | | | 616 | | | 3 | | | (46 | ) | | 728 | | | (69 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 1,506 | | | 371 | | | 465 | | | 396 | | | 274 | |
Non-cash restructuring charges and asset write-downs/impairments | | | 389 | | | 56 | | | 109 | | | 52 | | | 172 | |
Loss from cumulative effect of accounting change, net of income taxes (extraordinary loss) | | | 57 | | | — | | | 57 | | | — | | | — | |
Non-cash purchase accounting adjustments | | | 24 | | | — | | | — | | | 16 | | | 8 | |
Non-cash stock compensation expense | | | 29 | | | 6 | | | 3 | | | 3 | | | 17 | |
Non-cash equity in (earnings) loss from unconsolidated affiliates | | | 11 | | | — | | | (1 | ) | | 1 | | | 11 | |
Impact of change in accounting from LIFO to average cost | | | 24 | | | — | | | 4 | | | 1 | | | 19 | |
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Total additions to calculate EBITDA | | | 2,891 | | | 498 | | | 658 | | | 1,254 | | | 481 | |
Less: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of income taxes (extraordinary income) | | | (149 | ) | | — | | | (148 | ) | | (1 | ) | | — | |
Investment income | | | (36 | ) | | (17 | ) | | (7 | ) | | (6 | ) | | (6 | ) |
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Total subtractions to calculate EBITDA | | | (185 | ) | | (17 | ) | | (155 | ) | | (7 | ) | | (6 | ) |
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EBITDA, as included in the debt to EBITDA ratio as presented | | $ | 1,293 | | $ | 183 | | $ | 457 | | $ | 333 | | $ | 320 | |
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(Following is a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP measure) | | | | |
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EBITDA, as included in the debt to EBITDA ratio as presented | | $ | 1,293 | | $ | 183 | | $ | 457 | | $ | 333 | | $ | 320 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | (1,506 | ) | | (371 | ) | | (465 | ) | | (396 | ) | | (274 | ) |
Non-cash restructuring charges and asset write-downs/impairments | | | (389 | ) | | (56 | ) | | (109 | ) | | (52 | ) | | (172 | ) |
Other adjustments, net | | | (88 | ) | | (15 | ) | | (54 | ) | | (8 | ) | | (11 | ) |
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Loss from continuing operations before interest, other income (charges), net and income taxes | | $ | (690 | ) | $ | (259 | ) | $ | (171 | ) | $ | (123 | ) | $ | (137 | ) |
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The following table reconciles interest expense, as adjusted, as included in the computation of the EBITDA to interest expense ratio under the Secured Credit Agreement covenants, to the most directly comparable GAAP measure of interest expense:
(in millions) | | Rolling Four Quarter Total | | First Quarter 2006 | | Fourth Quarter 2005 | | Third Quarter 2005 | | Second Quarter 2005 | |
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Interest expense, as included in the EBITDA to interest expense ratio | | $ | 223 | | $ | 59 | | $ | 63 | | $ | 53 | | $ | 48 | |
Adjustments to interest expense for purposes of the covenant calculation | | | 12 | | | 3 | | | 4 | | | 4 | | | 1 | |
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Interest expense | | $ | 235 | | $ | 62 | | $ | 67 | | $ | 57 | | $ | 49 | |
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Adjustments to interest expense relate to items that are not debt for borrowed money, including interest relating to capital leases and interest relating to tax matters.
In addition, subject to various conditions and exceptions in the Secured Credit Agreement, in the event the Company sells assets for net proceeds totaling $75 million or more in any year, except for proceeds used within 12 months for reinvestments in the business of up to $300 million, proceeds from sales of assets used in the Company’s non-digital products and services businesses to prepay or repay debt or pay cash restructuring charges within 12 months from the date of sale of the assets, or proceeds from the sale of inventory in the ordinary course of business, the amount in excess of $75 million must be applied to prepay loans under the Secured Credit Agreement.
If unused, the 5-Year Revolving Credit Facility has a commitment fee of $5.0 million per year at the Company’s current credit rating of Ba3 and B+ from Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. (Moody’s) and Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (S&P), respectively.
The Company has other committed and uncommitted lines of credit at March 31, 2006 totaling $139 million and $766 million, respectively. These lines primarily support borrowing needs of the Company’s subsidiaries, which include term loans, overdraft coverage, letters of credit and revolving credit lines. Interest rates and other terms of borrowing under these lines of credit vary from country to country, depending on local market conditions. Total outstanding borrowings against these other committed and uncommitted lines of credit at March 31, 2006 were $19 million and $63 million, respectively. These outstanding borrowings are reflected in the short-term borrowings in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position at March 31, 2006.
At March 31, 2006, the Company had outstanding letters of credit totaling $115 million and surety bonds in the amount of $91 million primarily to ensure the payment of casualty claims, workers’ compensation claims, and customs. During April 2006, an additional $23 million of letters of credit were issued.
Debt Shelf Registration and Convertible Securities
On September 5, 2003, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the primary debt shelf registration) for the issuance of up to $2.0 billion of new debt securities. Pursuant to Rule 429 under the Securities Act of 1933, $650 million of remaining unsold debt securities under a prior shelf registration statement were included in the primary debt shelf registration, thus giving the Company the ability to issue up to $2.65 billion in public debt. After issuance of $500 million in notes in October 2003, the remaining availability under the primary debt shelf registration was $2.15 billion. The Company filed its 2004 Form 10-K on April 6, 2005, which was late relative to the SEC required filing date (including extension) of March 31, 2005. The Company also completed the filing of a Form 8-K/A related to the acquisition of KPG on July 1, 2005, which was late in relation to the SEC required filing date of June 17, 2005. As a result of these late filings, the Company’s primary debt shelf registration statement on Form S-3 will not be available until the third quarter of 2006. In the event the Company wanted to issue registered securities, the Company could use Form S-1 or a Rule 144A transaction to issue such securities in the capital markets. However, the success of future debt issuances will be dependent on market conditions at the time of such an offering.
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The Company has $575 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes due 2033 (the Convertible Securities) on which interest accrues at the rate of 3.375% per annum and is payable semiannually. The Convertible Securities are unsecured and rank equally with all of the Company’s other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. The Convertible Securities may be converted, at the option of the holders, to shares of the Company’s common stock if the Company’s Senior Unsecured credit rating assigned to the Convertible Securities by either Moody’s or S&P is lower than Ba2 or BB, respectively. At the Company’s current Senior Unsecured credit rating, the Convertible Securities may be converted by their holders.
The Company’s $2.7 billion Secured Credit Facilities, along with other committed and uncommitted credit lines, and cash balances, provide the Company with adequate liquidity to meet its working capital and investing needs.
Credit Quality
Moody’s and S&P’s ratings for the Company, including their outlooks, as of the filing date of this Form 10-Q are as follows:
| | Senior Secured Rating | | Corporate Rating
| | Senior Unsecured Rating | | Outlook |
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Moody’s | | Ba3 | | B1 | | B2 | | Negative |
S&P | | B+ | | B+ | | B | | Negative |
Moody’s ratings reflect their views regarding Kodak’s: (i) execution challenges to achieve digital profitability as its business shifts into highly competitive digital imaging markets, (ii) ongoing exposure to the accelerating secular decline of its consumer film business and potential decline of its entertainment imaging film business, and (iii) variability in the utilization of its traditional manufacturing assets and potential for incremental restructuring costs.
Moody’s Ba3 rating assigned to the Secured Credit Facilities reflects the above factors as well as the security collateral and the secured cross guarantee afforded to the Secured Credit Facilities.
The negative rating outlook reflects Moody’s concern regarding the Company’s challenges to transition to a digital product and services business, including requirements to fund investment and restructuring costs, and uncertain prospects for achieving solid digital business profitability.
S&P’s rating outlook on the Company is negative reflecting their “reduced confidence in Kodak’s profitability and cash flow prospects in light of the ongoing and rapid deterioration of its traditional consumer imaging business, unproven profit potential of its emerging digital imaging business, high cash restructuring costs, and economic uncertainty.”
The Company is in compliance with all covenants or other requirements set forth in its credit agreements and indentures. Further, the Company does not have any rating downgrade triggers that would accelerate the maturity dates of its debt. However, the Company could be required to increase the dollar amount of its letters of credit or other financial support up to an additional $98 million at the current credit ratings. During April 2006, an additional $23 million of letters of credit were issued for environmental liabilities under the Company’s Secured Credit Agreement. As of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, the Company has not been requested to materially increase its letters of credit or other financial support. However, at the current Senior Unsecured Rating of B2 by Moody’s and B by S&P, Convertible Securities holders may, at their option, convert their Convertible Securities to common stock. Further downgrades in the Company’s credit rating or disruptions in the capital markets could impact borrowing costs and the nature of its funding alternatives. However, further downgrades will not impact borrowing costs under the Company’s $2.7 billion Secured Credit Facilities.
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OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
The Company guarantees debt and other obligations of certain customers. At March 31, 2006, these guarantees totaled a maximum of $205 million, with outstanding guaranteed amounts of $125 million. The maximum guarantee amount includes guarantees of up to: $203 million of customer amounts due to banks in connection with various banks’ financing of customers’ purchases of product and equipment from Kodak ($125 million outstanding), and $2 million for other unconsolidated affiliates and third parties ($0 outstanding).
The guarantees for the other unconsolidated affiliates and third party debt mature between 2006 and 2011. The customer financing agreements and related guarantees typically have a term of 90 days for product and short-term equipment financing arrangements, and up to five years for long-term equipment financing arrangements. These guarantees would require payment from Kodak only in the event of default on payment by the respective debtor. In some cases, particularly for guarantees related to equipment financing, the Company has collateral or recourse provisions to recover and sell the equipment to reduce any losses that might be incurred in connection with the guarantees.
Management believes the likelihood is remote that material payments will be required under any of the guarantees disclosed above. With respect to the guarantees that the Company issued in the quarter ended March 31, 2006, the Company assessed the fair value of its obligation to stand ready to perform under these guarantees by considering the likelihood of occurrence of the specified triggering events or conditions requiring performance as well as other assumptions and factors. The Company has determined that the fair value of the guarantees was not material to the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
The Company also guarantees debt owed to banks for some of its consolidated subsidiaries. The maximum amount guaranteed is $733 million, and the outstanding debt under those guarantees, which is recorded within the short-term borrowings and long-term debt, net of current portion components in the accompanying Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, is $108 million. These guarantees expire in 2006 through 2012. As of the closing of the $2.7 billion Secured Credit Facilities on October 18, 2005, a $160 million KPG credit facility was closed. Debt outstanding under the KPG credit facility of $57 million was repaid and the guarantees of $160 million were terminated. Pursuant to the terms of the Company’s Senior Secured Credit Agreement dated October 18, 2005, obligations under the Secured Credit Facilities and other obligations of the Company and its subsidiaries to the Secured Credit Facilities lenders are guaranteed. This accounts for the majority of the increase in the Company’s guarantees to banks for its consolidated subsidiaries.
The Company and its U.S. subsidiaries guarantee debt and other payment obligations owed to lenders and their affiliates under the $2.7 billion Secured Credit Agreement dated October 18, 2005. Essentially these obligations are included in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Financial Position. Due to the nature of this guarantee it is not practicable to determine the exact amount of obligations guaranteed to the specific lenders and their affiliates.
The Company issues indemnifications in certain instances when it sells businesses and real estate, and in the ordinary course of business with its customers, suppliers, service providers and business partners. Further, the Company indemnifies its directors and officers who are, or were, serving at Kodak’s request in such capacities. Historically, costs incurred to settle claims related to these indemnifications have not been material to the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Additionally, the fair value of the indemnifications that the Company issued during the quarter ended March 31, 2006 was not material to the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
OTHER
As of March 31, 2006, there has been no material change in the Company’s environmental liability exposure and, therefore, no material change in the undiscounted accrued liabilities for environmental remediation costs relative to December 31, 2005 or March 31, 2005.
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RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 151, “Inventory Costs” that amends the guidance in Accounting Research Bulletin No. 43, Chapter 4, “Inventory Pricing” (ARB No. 43) to clarify the accounting for abnormal idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted material (spoilage). In addition, this Statement requires that an allocation of fixed production overhead to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. SFAS No. 151 is effective for inventory costs incurred for fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005 (year ending December 31, 2006 for the Company). The adoption of SFAS No. 151 did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company.
In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments” (an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140). This Statement permits fair value measurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation. SFAS No. 155 is effective for all financial instruments acquired, issued, or subject to a remeasurement event occurring after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006 (year ending December 31, 2007 for the Company). Additionally, the fair value may also be applied upon adoption of this Statement for hybrid financial instruments that had been bifurcated under previous accounting guidance prior to the adoption of this Statement. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 155.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SAFE HARBOR PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995
Certain statements in this report may be forward-looking in nature, or “forward-looking statements” as defined in the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. For example, references to expectations for the Company’s earnings, revenue, revenue growth, cash, seasonality of sales, liquidity, pension costs and cost savings are forward-looking statements.
Actual results may differ from those expressed or implied in forward-looking statements. In addition, any forward-looking statements represent the Company’s estimates only as of the date they are made, and should not be relied upon as representing the Company’s estimates as of any subsequent date. While the Company may elect to update forward-looking statements at some point in the future, the Company specifically disclaims any obligation to do so, even if its estimates change. The forward-looking statements contained in this report are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties, including the successful: execution of the digital growth and profitability strategies, business model and cash plan; implementation of a changed segment structure; implementation of the cost reduction program, including asset rationalization and monetization, reduction in selling, general and administrative costs and personnel reductions; transition of certain financial processes and administrative functions to a global shared services model and the outsourcing of certain functions to third parties; implementation of, and performance under, the debt management program, including compliance with our debt covenants; implementation of product strategies (including category expansion, digitization, organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays and digital products) and go-to-market strategies; protection, enforcement and defense of our intellectual property; implementation of intellectual property licensing and other strategies; development and implementation of e-commerce strategies; completion of information systems upgrades, including SAP, our enterprise system software; completion of various portfolio actions; reduction of inventories; integration of newly acquired businesses; improvement in manufacturing productivity and techniques; improvement in receivables performance; improvement in supply chain efficiency and management of third-party sourcing relationships; implementation of the strategies designed to address the decline in the Company’s traditional businesses; and performance of the Company’s business in emerging markets like China, India, Brazil, Mexico and Russia. The forward-looking statements contained in this report are subject to the following additional risk factors: inherent unpredictability of currency fluctuations, commodity prices and raw material costs; competitive actions, including pricing; changes in the Company’s debt credit ratings and its ability to access capital markets; the nature and pace of technology evolution, including the traditional-to-digital transformation; continuing customer consolidation and buying power; current and future proposed changes to accounting rules and tax laws, as well as other factors which could adversely impact the Company’s effective tax rate in the future; general economic, business, geo-political, regulatory and public health conditions; market growth predictions; continued effectiveness of internal controls; and other factors and uncertainties disclosed from time to time in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Any forward-looking statements in this report should be evaluated in light of these important factors and uncertainties.
Item 3. Quantitative And Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
The Company, as a result of its global operating and financing activities, is exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and interest rates, which may adversely affect its results of operations and financial position. In seeking to minimize the risks associated with such activities, the Company may enter into derivative contracts.
Foreign currency forward contracts may be used to hedge existing foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, especially those of the Company’s International Treasury Center, as well as forecasted foreign currency denominated intercompany sales. Silver forward contracts may be used to mitigate the Company’s risk to fluctuating silver prices. The Company’s exposure to changes in interest rates results from its investing and borrowing activities used to meet its liquidity needs. Long-term debt is generally used to finance long-term investments, while short-term debt is used to meet working capital requirements. The Company does not utilize financial instruments for trading or other speculative purposes.
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Using a sensitivity analysis based on estimated fair value of open forward contracts using available forward rates, if the U.S. dollar had been 10% weaker at March 31, 2006 and 2005, the fair value of open forward contracts would have decreased $30 million and $2 million, respectively. Such gains or losses would be substantially offset by losses or gains from the revaluation or settlement of the underlying positions hedged.
Using a sensitivity analysis based on estimated fair value of open forward contracts using available forward prices, if available forward silver prices had been 10% lower at March 31, 2006 and 2005, the fair value of open forward contracts would have decreased less than $1 million. Such losses in fair value, if realized, would be offset by lower costs of manufacturing silver-containing products.
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk primarily through its borrowing activities and, to a lesser extent, through investments in marketable securities. The Company may utilize borrowings to fund its working capital and investment needs. The majority of short-term and long-term borrowings are in fixed-rate instruments. There is inherent roll-over risk for borrowings and marketable securities as they mature and are renewed at current market rates. The extent of this risk is not predictable because of the variability of future interest rates and business financing requirements.
Using a sensitivity analysis based on estimated fair value of short-term and long-term borrowings, if available market interest rates had been 10% (about 61 basis points) higher at March 31, 2006, the fair value of short-term and long-term borrowings would have decreased $1 million and $64 million, respectively. Using a sensitivity analysis based on estimated fair value of short-term and long-term borrowings, if available market interest rates had been 10% (about 41 basis points) higher at March 31, 2005, the fair value of short-term and long-term borrowings would have decreased $1 million and $59 million, respectively.
The Company’s financial instrument counterparties are high-quality investment or commercial banks with significant experience with such instruments. The Company manages exposure to counterparty credit risk by requiring specific minimum credit standards and diversification of counterparties. The Company has procedures to monitor the credit exposure amounts. The maximum credit exposure at March 31, 2006 was not significant to the Company.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company’s management, with participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. As described below, the Company continues to report a material weakness in the internal controls surrounding the accounting for income taxes as of March 31, 2006. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were not effective as a result of this unremediated material weakness in internal controls surrounding the accounting for income taxes. To address this control weakness, the Company performed additional analysis and performed other procedures in order to prepare the unaudited quarterly consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Accordingly, management believes that the consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented.
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Management’s assessment identified a material weakness in internal controls surrounding the accounting for income taxes as of December 31, 2005 that is in the process of being remediated as of March 31, 2006. This section of Item 4, “Controls and Procedures,” should be read in conjunction with Item 9A, “Controls and Procedures,” included in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005, for additional information on Management’s Report on Internal Controls Over Financial Reporting.
Internal Controls Surrounding the Accounting for Income Taxes:
As of December 31, 2005, management has concluded that the controls surrounding the completeness and accuracy of the Company’s deferred income tax valuation allowance account were ineffective. Specifically, certain incorrect assumptions were made with respect to certain deferred income tax valuation allowance computations that were not detected in the related review and approval process. This control deficiency resulted in audit adjustments to the 2005 consolidated financial statements. In addition, this control deficiency, if unremediated, could result in a misstatement of the deferred income tax valuation allowance account and the related provision for income taxes that would result in a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements that might not be prevented or detected. Remediation efforts are in process, but have not been completed as of March 31, 2006. Accordingly, management has concluded that this control deficiency constitutes a material weakness.
Remediation Efforts on the Internal Controls Surrounding the Accounting for Income Taxes
During the year ended December 31, 2005 the Company made significant progress in executing the remediation plans that were established to address the material weakness in its internal controls surrounding the accounting for income taxes. This resulted in material improvements in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. With the help of external advisors (other than the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm), the following remedial actions have been undertaken:
| • | Effective July 11, 2005 and August 1, 2005, the Company hired a new Chief Tax Officer and Tax Accounting Controller, respectively. |
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| • | A root cause analysis was performed on all control deficiencies. Using the results of this analysis, new processes and procedures, with appropriate controls, were developed, documented and implemented in the third quarter of 2005 and followed in the third and fourth quarters of 2005 for the processes that are critical to the Company’s income tax provision calculations reflected in its periodic financial reporting. |
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| • | In the third quarter of 2005, the Company developed and rolled out clearly defined and enhanced roles and responsibilities across the worldwide income tax organization. |
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| • | A detailed, quarterly income tax reporting package, which collects tax-sensitive data and information at the jurisdictional level, was developed and rolled out in the third quarter of 2005. This package was appropriately utilized in connection with the preparation of the year-end income tax provision and the income tax related balance sheet accounts. |
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| • | In August and September 2005, the Company held training sessions for the worldwide income tax organization, as well as certain Controller’s personnel. Topics covered in the sessions included accounting for income taxes, training on the newly developed processes, procedures, internals controls and the income tax reporting package, and Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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| • | Management is utilizing personnel from a third-party professional services firm with expertise in accounting for income taxes to assist in the preparation and review of the Company’s income tax provision and the income tax related balance sheet accounts. |
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As demonstrated by the above, the Company made significant progress in its efforts to remediate this material weakness during 2005. This is further supported by the Company’s overall positive results from its 2005 internal control compliance testing required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which was carried out by the Company in the third and fourth quarters of 2005. In making its determination as to the status of the remediation of this material weakness as of March 31, 2006, the Company has considered all of the factors outlined above and has concluded that the internal controls surrounding the accounting for income taxes are effectively designed, however, as a result of the audit adjustments identified as of and for the year ended December 31, 2005, the Company has not demonstrated operating effectiveness with respect to controls over the completeness and accuracy of its deferred income tax valuation allowance account. Accordingly, the Company continues to report this as a material weakness as of March 31, 2006.
In order to remediate this deficiency in internal controls, the Company will continue its training and education efforts in this area so that operating effectiveness can be demonstrated over a period of time that is sufficient to support the conclusion that the material weakness has been remediated. In addition, to further enhance the controls surrounding the accounting for income taxes, the Company continues to progress with the implementation of an IT solution to enable the collection, tracking and bookkeeping of detailed tax information on a global basis. Further, the Company will continue its efforts with respect to 1) enhancing the overall design of the worldwide income tax organization, 2) further upgrading its tax personnel, and 3) developing an effective and efficient forecasting process for purposes of determining its effective tax rate.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Except as otherwise discussed above, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the most recently completed fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Part II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
During March 2005, the Company was contacted by members of the Division of Enforcement of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) concerning the announced restatement of the Company’s financial statements for the full year and the quarters of 2003 and the first three unaudited quarters of 2004. An informal inquiry by the staff of the SEC into the substance of that restatement is continuing. The Company has fully cooperated with this inquiry, and the staff has indicated that the inquiry should not be construed as an indication by the SEC or its staff that any violations of law have occurred.
On June 13, 2005, a purported shareholder class action lawsuit was filed against the Company and two of its then current executives in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On June 20, 2005 and August 10, 2005, similar lawsuits were filed against the same defendants in the United States District Court for the Western District of New York. The cases have been consolidated in the Western District of New York and the lead plaintiffs are John Dudek and the Alaska Electrical Pension Fund. The complaints filed in each of these actions (collectively, the “Complaints”) seek to allege claims under the Securities Exchange Act on behalf of a proposed class of persons who purchased securities of the Company between April 23, 2003 and September 25, 2003, inclusive. The substance of the Complaints is that various press releases and other public statements made by the Company during the proposed class period allegedly misrepresented the Company’s financial condition and omitted material information regarding, among other things, the state of the Company’s film and paper business. An amended complaint was filed on January 20, 2006, containing essentially the same allegations as the original complaint but adding an additional named defendant. Defendants’ motion to dismiss was filed on April 21, 2006. The Company intends to defend these lawsuits vigorously but is unable currently to predict the outcome of the litigation or to estimate the range of potential loss, if any.
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On or about November 9, 2005, the Company was served with a purported derivative lawsuit that had been commenced against the Company, as a nominal defendant, and eleven current and former directors and officers of the Company, in the New York State Supreme Court, Monroe County. The Complaint seeks to allege claims on behalf of the Company that, between April 2003 and September 2003, the defendant officers and directors caused the Company to make allegedly improper statements in press release and other public statements, which falsely represented or omitted material information about the Company’s financial results and guidance. The plaintiff alleges that this conduct was a breach of the defendants’ common law fiduciary obligations to the Company, and constituted an abuse of control, gross mismanagement, waste and unjust enrichment. Defendants’ initial responses to the Complaint are not yet due. The Company intends to defend this lawsuit vigorously but is unable currently to predict the outcome of the litigation or to estimate the range of possible loss, if any.
The Company is named a Potentially Responsible Party (“PRP”) along with seven other companies in connection with certain alleged environmental contamination at the Rochester Fire Academy, located in Rochester, New York. The Company provided flammable materials to the Fire Academy, which were used in fire-fighting training. The Company and the seven other PRPs have been negotiating with the New York State Attorney General’s office. On November 15, 2005, the New York State Attorney General filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court, Western District of New York against all eight PRPs seeking recovery of expenses to remediate the site. The Company has not yet been served and therefore its initial response is not yet due. The potential monetary sanction may be in excess of $100,000 but is not expected to be material.
Item 6. Exhibits
(a) Exhibits required as part of this report are listed in the index appearing on page 62.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY |
| (Registrant) |
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Date: May 4, 2006 | | /s/ Richard G. Brown, Jr. |
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| | Richard G. Brown, Jr. Controller |
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Eastman Kodak Company and Subsidiary Companies
Index to Exhibits
Exhibit Number | | |
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(10) S. | | Eastman Kodak Company Executive Compensation for Excellence and Leadership Plan, amended and restated as of January 1, 2005. |
| | (Incorporated by reference to the Eastman Kodak Company Current Report on Form 8-K, filed on May 11, 2005, Exhibit 10.4) |
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| | Amendment effective January 1, 2006. |
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(12) | | Statement Re Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges. |
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(18) | | Letter Re Change in Accounting Principles. |
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(31.1) | | Certification. |
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(31.2) | | Certification. |
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(32.1) | | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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(32.2) | | Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |