Portfolio loans | Note 4: Portfolio loans The distribution of portfolio loans is as follows (dollars in thousands) : March 31, December 31, 2019 2018 Commercial $ 1,657,022 $ 1,405,106 Commercial real estate 2,699,491 2,366,823 Real estate construction 387,623 288,197 Retail real estate 1,718,415 1,480,133 Retail other 52,530 28,169 Portfolio loans $ 6,515,081 $ 5,568,428 Allowance for loan losses (50,915) (50,648) Portfolio loans, net $ 6,464,166 $ 5,517,780 Net deferred loan origination costs included in the table above were $5.4 million as of March 31, 2019 and $5.6 million as of December 31, 2018. Net accretable purchase accounting adjustments included in the table above reduced loans by $28.2 million as of March 31, 2019 and $13.9 million as of December 31, 2018. The Company utilizes a loan grading scale to assign a risk grade to all of its loans. A description of the general characteristics of each grade is as follows: · Pass - This category includes loans that are all considered strong credits, ranging from investment or near investment grade, to loans made to borrowers who exhibit credit fundamentals that exceed industry standards and loan policy guidelines and loans that exhibit acceptable credit fundamentals. · Watch- This category includes loans on management’s “Watch List” and is intended to be utilized on a temporary basis for a pass grade borrower where a significant risk-modifying action is anticipated in the near future. · Special mention- This category is for “Other Assets Specially Mentioned” loans that have potential weaknesses, which may, if not checked or corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position at some future date. · Substandard- This category includes “Substandard” loans, determined in accordance with regulatory guidelines, for which the accrual of interest has not been stopped. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. · Substandard Non-accrual- This category includes loans that have all the characteristics of a “Substandard” loan with additional factors that make collection in full highly questionable and improbable. Such loans are placed on non-accrual status and may be dependent on collateral with a value that is difficult to determine. All loans are graded at their inception. Most commercial lending relationships that are $1.0 million or less are processed through an expedited underwriting process. If the credit receives a pass grade, it is aggregated into a homogenous pool of either: $0.35 million or less, or $0.35 million to $1.0 million. These pools are monitored on a regular basis and reviewed annually. Most commercial loans greater than $1.0 million are included in a portfolio review at least annually. Commercial loans greater than $0.35 million that have a grading of special mention or worse are reviewed on a quarterly basis. Interim reviews may take place if circumstances of the borrower warrant a more timely review. The following table is a summary of risk grades segregated by category of portfolio loans (excluding accretable purchase accounting adjustments and clearings) (dollars in thousands) : March 31, 2019 Special Substandard Pass Watch Mention Substandard Non-accrual Commercial $ 1,359,640 $ 180,954 $ 59,595 $ 41,525 $ 16,243 Commercial real estate 2,406,213 168,415 89,262 33,585 9,761 Real estate construction 362,541 19,652 3,105 1,346 1,126 Retail real estate 1,671,219 14,202 6,802 7,678 9,080 Retail other 51,101 90 — 16 20 Total $ 5,850,714 $ 383,313 $ 158,764 $ 84,150 $ 36,230 December 31, 2018 Special Substandard Pass Watch Mention Substandard Non-accrual Commercial $ 1,126,257 $ 172,449 $ 47,000 $ 42,532 $ 17,953 Commercial real estate 2,106,711 137,214 85,148 36,205 10,298 Real estate construction 268,069 14,562 3,899 1,888 18 Retail real estate 1,448,964 6,425 6,792 5,435 6,698 Retail other 26,707 — — — 30 Total $ 4,976,708 $ 330,650 $ 142,839 $ 86,060 $ 34,997 An analysis of portfolio loans that are past due and still accruing or on a non-accrual status is as follows (dollars in thousands) : March 31, 2019 Loans past due, still accruing Non-accrual 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+Days Loans Commercial $ 410 $ 1,500 $ 72 $ 16,243 Commercial real estate 1,662 595 — 9,761 Real estate construction 191 — — 1,126 Retail real estate 4,442 1,596 284 9,080 Retail other 364 20 — 20 Total $ 7,069 $ 3,711 $ 356 $ 36,230 December 31, 2018 Loans past due, still accruing Non-accrual 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90+Days Loans Commercial $ 158 $ 140 $ 775 $ 17,953 Commercial real estate 148 558 — 10,298 Real estate construction 121 — 58 18 Retail real estate 4,578 1,368 766 6,698 Retail other 48 2 2 30 Total $ 5,053 $ 2,068 $ 1,601 $ 34,997 The gross interest income that would have been recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 if impaired loans had been current in accordance with their original terms was $0.7 million and $0.4 million, respectively. The amount of interest collected on those loans and recognized on a cash basis that was included in interest income was insignificant for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. A summary of restructured loans is as follows (dollars in thousands) : March 31, December 31, 2019 2018 In compliance with modified terms $ 11,127 $ 8,319 30 — 89 days past due 184 127 Included in non-performing loans 360 392 Total $ 11,671 $ 8,838 There was $3.1 million of loans newly classified as troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”) during the three months ended March 31, 2019, which included one commercial loan for payment modification. There were no loans newly classified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2018. The gross interest income that would have been recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 if TDRs had performed in accordance with their original terms compared with their modified terms was insignificant. There were no TDRs that were entered into during the last twelve months that were subsequently classified as non-performing and had payment defaults (a default occurs when a loan is 90 days or more past due or transferred to non-accrual) during the three months ended March 31, 2019. There were no TDRs that were entered into during the prior twelve months that were subsequently classified as non-performing and had payment defaults during the three months ended March 31, 2018. At March 31, 2019, the Company had $3.4 million of residential real estate in the process of foreclosure. The following tables provide details of loans identified as impaired, segregated by category. The unpaid contractual principal balance represents the recorded balance prior to any partial charge-offs. The recorded investment represents customer balances net of any partial charge-offs recognized on the loan. The average recorded investment is calculated using the most recent four quarters (dollars in thousands) . March 31, 2019 Unpaid Recorded Contractual Investment Recorded Total Average Principal with No Investment Recorded Related Recorded Balance Allowance with Allowance Investment Allowance Investment Commercial $ 19,507 $ 5,605 $ 10,787 $ 16,392 $ 4,126 $ 15,165 Commercial real estate 20,174 13,818 4,498 18,316 1,231 18,448 Real estate construction 930 820 — 820 — 586 Retail real estate 16,795 14,815 115 14,930 42 13,792 Retail other 48 20 — 20 — 40 Total $ 57,454 $ 35,078 $ 15,400 $ 50,478 $ 5,399 $ 48,031 December 31, 2018 Unpaid Recorded Contractual Investment Recorded Total Average Principal with No Investment Recorded Related Recorded Balance Allowance with Allowance Investment Allowance Investment Commercial $ 21,442 $ 6,858 $ 12,001 $ 18,859 $ 4,319 $ 13,364 Commercial real estate 19,079 13,082 4,498 17,580 1,181 18,077 Real estate construction 478 453 — 453 — 712 Retail real estate 14,418 13,196 61 13,257 61 14,110 Retail other 117 33 — 33 — 40 Total $ 55,534 $ 33,622 $ 16,560 $ 50,182 $ 5,561 $ 46,303 Management's evaluation as to the ultimate collectability of loans includes estimates regarding future cash flows from operations and the value of property, real and personal, pledged as collateral. These estimates are affected by changing economic conditions and the economic prospects of borrowers. The Company holds acquired loans from business combinations with uncollected principal balances. These loans are carried net of a fair value adjustment for credit risk and interest rates and are only included in the allowance calculation to the extent that the reserve requirement exceeds the fair value adjustment. As the acquired loans renew, it is generally necessary to establish an allowance, which represents an amount that, in management’s opinion, will be adequate to absorb probable credit losses in such loans. The recorded investment of all acquired loans as of March 31, 2019 totaled approximately $2.0 billion. The following table details activity in the allowance for loan losses. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories (dollars in thousands) : As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Commercial Real Estate Retail Real Commercial Real Estate Construction Estate Retail Other Total Beginning balance $ 17,829 $ 21,137 $ 2,723 $ 8,471 $ 488 $ 50,648 Provision for loan losses 1,793 (1,089) 2 1,357 48 2,111 Charged-off (1,807) (15) — (517) (130) (2,469) Recoveries 183 64 82 192 104 625 Ending balance $ 17,998 $ 20,097 $ 2,807 $ 9,503 $ 510 $ 50,915 As of and for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Commercial Real Estate Retail Real Commercial Real Estate Construction Estate Retail Other Total Beginning balance $ 14,779 $ 21,813 $ 2,861 $ 13,783 $ 346 $ 53,582 Provision for loan losses 3,003 1,536 2 (3,662) 129 1,008 Charged-off (781) (1,315) (97) (530) (207) (2,930) Recoveries 576 56 33 245 79 989 Ending balance $ 17,577 $ 22,090 $ 2,799 $ 9,836 $ 347 $ 52,649 The following table presents the allowance for loan losses and recorded investments in portfolio loans by category (dollars in thousands) : As of March 31, 2019 Commercial Real Estate Retail Real Commercial Real Estate Construction Estate Retail Other Total Allowance for loan losses Ending balance attributed to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,126 $ 1,231 $ — $ 42 $ — $ 5,399 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 13,872 18,866 2,807 9,461 510 45,516 Ending balance $ 17,998 $ 20,097 $ 2,807 $ 9,503 $ 510 $ 50,915 Loans: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 16,361 $ 15,733 $ 385 $ 13,296 $ 20 $ 45,795 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,640,630 2,679,200 387,238 1,705,025 52,510 6,464,603 PCI loans evaluated for impairment 31 4,558 — 94 — 4,683 Ending balance $ 1,657,022 $ 2,699,491 $ 387,623 $ 1,718,415 $ 52,530 $ 6,515,081 As of December 31, 2018 Commercial Real Estate Retail Real Commercial Real Estate Construction Estate Retail Other Total Allowance for loan losses Ending balance attributed to: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 4,319 $ 1,181 $ — $ 61 $ — $ 5,561 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 13,510 19,956 2,723 8,410 488 45,087 Ending balance $ 17,829 $ 21,137 $ 2,723 $ 8,471 $ 488 $ 50,648 Loans: Loans individually evaluated for impairment $ 18,441 $ 15,318 $ 453 $ 13,159 $ 33 $ 47,404 Loans collectively evaluated for impairment 1,386,247 2,349,243 287,744 1,466,876 28,136 5,518,246 PCI loans evaluated for impairment 418 2,262 — 98 — 2,778 Ending balance $ 1,405,106 $ 2,366,823 $ 288,197 $ 1,480,133 $ 28,169 $ 5,568,428 |