Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | NOTE 4 Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The composition of the Corporationās loan portfolio and the percentage of loans in each category to total loans at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, were as follows: June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Commercial, financial and agricultural loans $ 78,181,702 22.6 % $ 73,146,397 22.2 % Real estate: Construction loans 23,938,671 6.9 % 22,287,012 6.8 % Commercial mortgage loans 103,256,875 29.9 % 106,458,342 32.2 % Residential loans 103,562,173 29.9 % 99,159,607 30.0 % Agricultural loans 31,835,341 9.2 % 25,373,621 7.7 % Consumer & other loans 5,094,754 1.5 % 3,766,332 1.1 % Loans outstanding 345,869,516 100.0 % 330,191,311 100.0 % Unearned interest and discount (17,516 ) (17,921 ) Allowance for loan losses (3,192,697 ) (3,043,632 ) Net loans $ 342,659,303 $ 327,129,758 The Corporationās only significant concentration of credit at June 30, 2018, occurred in real estate loans which totaled $262,593,060 compared with $253,278,582 at December 31, 2017. However, this amount was not concentrated in any specific segment within the market or geographic area. Multifamily and 1-4 family mortgage loans are pledged to the Federal Home Loan Bank to secure outstanding advances. At June 30, 2018, $117,500,925 in loans were pledged in this capacity. The following table shows maturities of the commercial, financial, agricultural, and construction loan portfolio at June 30, 2018. Commercial, Financial, Agricultural and Construction Distribution of loans which are due: In one year or less $ 26,149,959 After one year but within five years 51,905,582 After five years 24,064,832 Total $ 102,120,373 The following table shows, for such loans due after one year, the amounts which have predetermined interest rates and the amounts which have floating or adjustable interest rates at June 30, 2018. Loans With Predetermined Loans With Rates Floating Rates Total Commercial, financial, agricultural and construction $ 72,442,500 $ 3,527,914 $ 75,970,414 Appraisal Policy When a loan is first identified as a problem loan, the appraisal is reviewed to determine if the appraised value is still appropriate for the collateral. For the duration that a loan is considered a problem loan, the appraised value of the collateral is monitored on a quarterly basis. If significant changes occur in market conditions or in the condition of the collateral, a new appraisal will be obtained. Nonaccrual Policy The Corporation does not accrue interest on any loan (1) that is maintained on a cash basis due to the deteriorated financial condition of the borrower, (2) for which payment in full of principal or interest is not expected, or (3) upon which principal or interest has been past due for ninety days or more unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. A loan subsequently placed on nonaccrual status may be returned to accrual status if (1) all past due interest and principal is paid with expectations of any remaining contractual principal and interest being repaid or (2) the loan becomes well secured and in the process of collection. Loans placed on nonaccrual status amounted to $1,719,623 and $1,674,656 at June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively. There were no past due loans over ninety days and still accruing at June 30, 2018, or December 31, 2017. The accrual of interest is discontinued when the loan is placed on nonaccrual. Interest income that would have been recorded on these nonaccrual loans in accordance with their original terms totaled $63,091 for June 30, 2018, and $41,496 for December 31, 2017. The following tables present an age analysis of past due loans still accruing interest and nonaccrual loans segregated by class of loans. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans As of June 30, 2018 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Total Past Due Loans Nonaccrual Loans Current Loans Total Loans Commercial, financial and agricultural loans $ 752,019 $ 0 $ 752,019 $ 481,448 $ 76,948,235 $ 78,181,702 Real estate: Construction loans 389,654 0 389,654 0 23,549,017 23,938,671 Commercial mortgage loans 582,416 0 582,416 1,153,804 101,520,655 103,256,875 Residential loans 351,938 0 351,938 81,436 103,128,799 103,562,173 Agricultural loans 0 0 0 0 31,835,341 31,835,341 Consumer & other loans 30,673 0 30,673 2,935 5,061,146 5,094,754 Total loans $ 2,106,700 $ 0 $ 2,106,700 $ 1,719,623 $ 342,043,193 $ 345,869,516 Age Analysis of Past Due Loans As of December 31, 2017 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Total Past Due Loans Nonaccrual Loans Current Loans Total Loans Commercial, financial and agricultural loans $ 364,527 $ 0 $ 364,527 $ 394,455 $ 72,387,415 $ 73,146,397 Real estate: Construction loans 198,861 0 198,861 0 22,088,151 22,287,012 Commercial mortgage loans 645,214 0 645,214 757,085 105,056,043 106,458,342 Residential loans 2,023,517 0 2,023,517 518,301 96,617,789 99,159,607 Agricultural loans 0 0 0 0 25,373,621 25,373,621 Consumer & other loans 30,033 0 30,033 4,815 3,731,484 3,766,332 Total loans $ 3,262,152 $ 0 $ 3,262,152 $ 1,674,656 $ 325,254,503 $ 330,191,311 Impaired Loans A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrowerās prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial and construction loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loanās effective interest rate, the loanās obtainable market price, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. At June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, impaired loans amounted to $5,259,520 and $4,895,730, respectively. A reserve amount of $563,476 and $331,779 was recorded in the allowance for loan losses for these impaired loans as of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, respectively. The following tables present impaired loans, segregated by class of loans as of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017: Unpaid Recorded Investment Year-to-date Average Interest Income Received June 30, 2018 Principal Balance With No Allowance With Allowance Total Related Allowance Recorded Investment During Impairment Commercial, financial and agricultural loans $ 1,235,050 $ 427,276 $ 606,472 $ 1,033,748 $ 306,543 $ 509,358 $ 12,446 Real estate: Construction loans 420,625 299,825 0 299,825 0 299,825 12,896 Commercial mortgage loans 2,003,797 1,497,705 337,375 1,835,080 55,338 1,573,756 24,533 Residential loans 1,956,522 1,172,306 763,304 1,935,610 199,229 1,896,255 71,510 Agricultural loans 136,883 136,883 0 136,883 0 136,883 3,523 Consumer & other loans 18,374 31 18,343 18,374 2,366 18,374 821 Total loans $ 5,771,251 $ 3,534,026 $ 1,725,494 $ 5,259,520 $ 563,476 $ 4,434,451 $ 125,729 Unpaid Recorded Investment Year-to-date Average Interest Income Received December 31, 2017 Principal Balance With No Allowance With Allowance Total Related Allowance Recorded Investment During Impairment Commercial, financial and agricultural loans $ 459,003 $ 208,032 $ 250,971 $ 459,003 $ 44,468 $ 169,930 $ 10,920 Real estate: Construction loans 549,599 428,799 0 428,799 0 162,698 24,487 Commercial mortgage loans 1,615,811 1,107,654 339,440 1,447,094 57,403 1,071,663 54,582 Residential loans 2,476,728 316,230 2,079,823 2,396,053 224,916 2,233,562 108,472 Agricultural loans 142,966 142,966 0 142,966 0 142,966 8,198 Consumer & other loans 21,815 846 20,969 21,815 4,992 9,003 521 Total loans $ 5,265,922 $ 2,204,527 $ 2,691,203 $ 4,895,730 $ 331,779 $ 3,789,822 $ 207,180 At June 30, 2017, the year-to-date average recorded investment of impaired loans was $3,476,225 and the interest income received during impairment was $140,026. At June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, included in impaired loans were $2,648 and $4,243, respectively, of troubled debt restructurings. Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDR) Loans are considered to have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring, or TDR, when due to a borrowerās financial difficulty the Corporation makes certain concessions to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider for new debt with similar risk characteristics. Modifications may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, forbearance, and other actions intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral. Each potential loan modification is reviewed individually and the terms of the loan are modified to meet the borrowerās specific circumstances at a point in time. Not all loan modifications are TDRs. However, performance prior to the modification, or significant events that coincide with the modification, are included in assessing whether the borrower can meet the new terms and may result in the loan being returned to accrual status at the time of loan modification or after a shorter performance period. Loan modifications are reviewed and recommended by the Corporationās senior credit officer, who determines whether the loan meets the criteria for a TDR. Generally, the types of concessions granted to borrowers that are evaluated in determining whether the loan is classified as a TDR include: Ā· Interest rate reductions ā Occur when the stated interest rate is reduced to a nonmarket rate or a rate the borrower would not be able to obtain elsewhere under similar circumstances. Ā· Amortization or maturity date changes ā Result when the amortization period of the loan is extended beyond what is considered a normal amortization period for loans of similar type with similar collateral. Ā· Principal reductions ā Arise when the Corporation charges off a portion of the principal that is not fully collateralized and collectability is uncertain; however, this portion of principal may be recovered in the future under certain circumstances. The following tables present the amount of troubled debt restructuring by loan class, classified separately as accrual and nonaccrual at June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, as well as those currently paying under restructured terms and those that have defaulted under restructured terms as of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017. Loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are considered to be in default once the loan becomes 30 or more days past due. June 30, 2018 Under restructured terms Accruing Non-accruing # Current # Default Commercial, financial, and agricultural loans $ 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 Real estate: Construction loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial mortgage loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residential loans 2,617 0 1 2,617 0 0 Agricultural loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 Consumer & other loans 31 0 1 31 0 0 Total TDRās $ 2,648 $ 0 2 $ 2,648 0 $ 0 December 31, 2017 Under restructured terms Accruing Non-accruing # Current # Default Commercial, financial, and agricultural loans $ 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 Real estate: Construction loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial mortgage loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residential loans 3,397 0 1 3,397 0 0 Agricultural loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 Consumer & other loans 846 0 1 846 0 0 Total TDRās $ 4,243 $ 0 2 $ 4,243 0 $ 0 The following table presents the amount of troubled debt restructurings by types of concessions made, classified separately as accrual and non-accrual at June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017. June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Accruing Nonaccruing Accruing Nonaccruing # Balance # Balance # Balance # Balance Type of concession: Payment modification 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 Rate reduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rate reduction, payment modification 2 2,648 0 0 2 4,243 0 0 Forbearance of interest 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 2 $ 2,648 0 $ 0 2 $ 4,243 0 $ 0 As of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017, the Corporation had a balance of $2,648 and $4,243, respectively, in troubled debt restructurings. The Corporation had no charge-offs on such loans at June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017. The Corporation had no balance in the allowance for loan losses allocated to such troubled debt restructurings at June 30, 2018, or December 31, 2017. The Corporation had no unfunded commitments to lend to a customer that has a troubled debt restructured loan as of June 30, 2018. Credit Risk Monitoring and Loan Grading The Corporation employs several means to monitor the risk in the loan portfolio including volume and severity of loan delinquencies, nonaccrual loans, internal grading of loans, historical loss experience and economic conditions. Loans are subject to an internal risk-grading system which indicates the risk and acceptability of that loan. The loan grades used by the Corporation are for internal risk identification purposes and do not directly correlate to regulatory classification categories or any financial reporting definitions. The general characteristics of the risk grades are as follows: Grade 1 ā Exceptional Grade 2 ā Above Average Grade 3 ā Acceptable Grade 4 ā Fair Grade 5a ā Watch ā Grade 5b ā Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM) ā Grade 6 ā Substandard Grade 7 ā Doubtful Grade 8 ā Loss The following tables present internal loan grading by class of loans as of June 30, 2018, and December 31, 2017: June 30, 2018 Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural Construction Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Agricultural Real Estate Consumer and Other Total Rating: Grade 1- Exceptional $ 1,097,426 $ 0 $ 0 $ 23,413 $ 0 $ 268,906 $ 1,389,745 Grade 2- Above Avg. 0 0 0 0 0 44,523 44,523 Grade 3- Acceptable 26,032,845 2,447,663 28,502,586 25,852,885 12,058,971 1,303,193 96,198,143 Grade 4- Fair 45,475,568 21,191,183 69,526,437 72,985,670 19,306,808 3,436,103 231,921,769 Grade 5a- Watch 655,512 0 483,434 990,978 0 18,433 2,148,357 Grade 5b- OAEM 3,214,477 0 488,733 1,123,179 332,679 31 5,159,099 Grade 6- Substandard 1,200,281 299,825 4,255,685 2,586,048 136,883 23,565 8,502,287 Grade 7- Doubtful 505,593 0 0 0 0 0 505,593 Total loans $ 78,181,702 $ 23,938,671 $ 103,256,875 $ 103,562,173 $ 31,835,341 $ 5,094,754 $ 345,869,516 December 31, 2017 Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural Construction Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Agricultural Real Estate Consumer and Other Total Rating: Grade 1- Exceptional $ 1,371,135 $ 0 $ 0 $ 23,919 $ 0 $ 325,236 $ 1,720,290 Grade 2- Above Avg. 0 0 0 0 0 51,421 51,421 Grade 3- Acceptable 27,024,359 2,085,620 30,090,030 26,304,640 11,071,244 866,455 97,442,348 Grade 4- Fair 42,821,117 19,772,593 70,518,545 68,103,351 13,781,326 2,494,509 217,491,441 Grade 5a- Watch 120,626 0 1,027,581 757,628 39,344 7,572 1,952,751 Grade 5b- OAEM 557,070 0 3,073,051 1,226,841 338,741 1,357 5,197,060 Grade 6- Substandard 945,238 428,799 1,749,135 2,743,228 142,966 19,782 6,029,148 Grade 7- Doubtful 306,852 0 0 0 0 0 306,852 Total loans $ 73,146,397 $ 22,287,012 $ 106,458,342 $ 99,159,607 $ 25,373,621 $ 3,766,332 $ 330,191,311 Allowance for Loan Losses Methodology The allowance for loan losses (ALL) is determined by a calculation based on segmenting the loans into the following categories: (1) impaired loans and nonaccrual loans, (2) loans with a credit risk rating of 5b, 6, 7 or 8, (3) other outstanding loans, and (4) other commitments to lend. In addition, unallocated general reserves are estimated based on migration and economic analysis of the loan portfolio. The ALL is calculated by the addition of the estimated loss derived from each of the above categories. The impaired loans and nonaccrual loans are analyzed on an individual basis to determine if the future collateral value is sufficient to support the outstanding debt of the loan. If an estimated loss is calculated, it is included in the estimated ALL until it is charged to the loan loss reserve. The calculation for loan risk graded 5b, 6, 7 or 8, other outstanding loans and other commitments to lend is based on assigning an estimated loss factor based on a twelve quarter rolling historical weighted average net loss rate. The estimated requirement for unallocated general reserves from migration and economic analysis is determined by considering (1) trends in asset quality, (2) level and trends in charge-off experience, (3) macroeconomic trends and conditions, (4) microeconomic trends and conditions and (5) risk profile of lending activities. Within each of these categories, a risk factor percentage from a rating of excessive, high, moderate or low will be determined by management and applied to the loan portfolio. By adding the estimated value from the migration and economic analysis to the estimated reserve from the loan portfolio, a total estimated loss reserves is obtained. This amount is then compared to the actual amount in the loan loss reserve. The calculation of ALL is performed on a monthly basis and is presented to the Loan Committee and the Board of Directors. The following table details activity in the ALL and loans evaluated for impairment by class of loans for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2018. Allocation of a portion of the allowance to one category of loans does not preclude its availability to absorb losses in other categories. The annualized net charge-offs to average loans outstanding ratio was 0.12% for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared with 0.12% at December 31, 2017. Three months ended June 30, 2018 Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural Construction Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Agricultural Real Estate Consumer and Other Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance, March 31, 2018 $ 291,991 $ 1,042,691 $ 1,140,773 $ 442,830 $ 58,211 $ 193,913 $ 3,170,409 Charge-offs 122,175 0 0 0 0 0 122,175 Recoveries 1,653 0 0 0 1,200 1,610 4,463 Net charge-offs 120,522 0 0 0 (1,200 ) (1,610 ) 117,712 Provisions charged to operations 266,192 (104,001 ) (56,296 ) 2,366 31,611 128 140,000 Balance at end of period, June 30, 2018 $ 437,661 $ 938,690 $ 1,084,477 $ 445,196 $ 91,022 $ 195,651 $ 3,192,697 Six months ended June 30, 2018 June 30, 2018 Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural Construction Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Agricultural Real Estate Consumer and Other Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance, December 31, 2017 $ 324,260 $ 1,043,083 $ 1,056,595 $ 416,474 $ 11,560 $ 191,660 $ 3,043,632 Charge-offs 208,829 783 0 6,909 0 0 216,521 Recoveries 7,276 0 0 0 1,200 1,610 10,086 Net charge-offs 201,553 783 0 6,909 (1,200 ) (1,610 ) 206,435 Provisions charged to operations 314,954 (103,610 ) 27,882 35,631 78,262 2,381 355,500 Balance at end of period, June 30, 2018 $ 437,661 $ 938,690 $ 1,084,477 $ 445,196 $ 91,022 $ 195,651 $ 3,192,697 Ending balance - Individually evaluated for impairment $ 306,543 $ 0 $ 55,338 $ 199,229 $ 0 $ 2,366 $ 563,476 Collectively evaluated for impairment 131,118 938,690 1,029,139 245,967 91,022 193,285 2,629,221 Balance at end of period $ 437,661 $ 938,690 $ 1,084,477 $ 445,196 $ 91,022 $ 195,651 $ 3,192,697 Loans : Ending balance - Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,033,748 $ 299,825 $ 4,211,744 $ 2,070,770 $ 136,883 $ 18,374 $ 7,771,344 Collectively evaluated for impairment 77,147,954 23,638,846 99,045,131 101,491,403 31,698,458 5,076,380 338,098,172 Balance at end of period $ 78,181,702 $ 23,938,671 $ 103,256,875 $ 103,562,173 $ 31,835,341 $ 5,094,754 $ 345,869,516 At June 30, 2018, of the $7,771,344 loans that were individually evaluated for impairment, only $5,259,520 were deemed impaired. The following table details activity in the ALL and loans evaluated for impairment by class of loans for the year ended December 31, 2017. December 31, 2017 Commercial, Financial, and Agricultural Construction Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Agricultural Real Estate Consumer and Other Total Allowance for loan losses: Beginning balance, December 31, 2016 $ 191,267 $ 1,043,083 $ 1,192,098 $ 420,189 $ 86,656 $ 191,318 $ 3,124,611 Charge-offs 113,334 0 168,717 59,764 93,503 12,429 447,747 Recoveries 63,486 0 0 0 0 3,282 66,768 Net charge-offs 49,848 0 168,717 59,764 93,503 9,147 380,979 Provisions charged to operations 182,841 0 33,214 56,049 18,407 9,489 300,000 Balance at end of period, December 31, 2017 $ 324,260 $ 1,043,083 $ 1,056,595 $ 416,474 $ 11,560 $ 191,660 $ 3,043,632 Ending balance - Individually evaluated for impairment $ 44,468 $ 0 $ 57,403 $ 224,916 $ 0 $ 4,992 $ 331,779 Collectively evaluated for impairment 279,792 1,043,083 999,192 191,558 11,560 186,668 2,711,853 Balance at end of period $ 324,260 $ 1,043,083 $ 1,056,595 $ 416,474 $ 11,560 $ 191,660 $ 3,043,632 Loans : Ending balance - Individually evaluated for impairment $ 459,003 $ 428,799 $ 4,561,198 $ 2,448,531 $ 142,966 $ 21,815 $ 8,062,312 Collectively evaluated for impairment 72,687,394 21,858,213 101,897,144 96,711,076 25,230,655 3,744,517 322,128,999 Balance at end of period $ 73,146,397 $ 22,287,012 $ 106,458,342 $ 99,159,607 $ 25,373,621 $ 3,766,332 $ 330,191,311 At December 31, 2017, of the $8,062,312 loans that were individually evaluated for impairment, only $4,895,730 were deemed impaired. |