Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (Fair Value Hierarchy for Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | Dec. 31, 2016 | Dec. 31, 2015 |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | $ 449 | $ 533 | [1] |
Available for sale securities | 77,365 | 65,646 | [1] |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | 1,514 | 2,328 | |
Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes | 8,636 | 7,947 | |
Other securities owned | 449 | 533 | |
Available for sale securities | 77,365 | 65,646 | |
Total | 87,964 | 76,454 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Money market funds [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | 1,514 | 1,968 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Commercial paper [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | | 360 | |
Available for sale securities | 214 | | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Certificates of deposit [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes | 2,525 | 3,430 | |
Available for sale securities | 2,071 | 1,683 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. Government securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes | 6,111 | 4,517 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Equity and bond mutual funds [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 272 | 205 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Schwab Funds money market funds [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 108 | 261 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | State and municipal debt obligations [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 41 | 50 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Equity, U.S. Government and corporate debt, and other securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 28 | 17 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 33,195 | 22,149 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Asset-backed securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 20,335 | 21,485 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Corporate debt securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 9,852 | 10,747 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. Treasury securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 8,623 | 5,704 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. agency notes [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 1,907 | 3,150 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. state and municipal securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 1,123 | 424 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 45 | 299 | |
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Other securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | | 5 | |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | 1,514 | 1,968 | |
Other securities owned | 382 | 467 | |
Total | 1,896 | 2,435 | |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Money market funds [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | 1,514 | 1,968 | |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Equity and bond mutual funds [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 272 | 205 | |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Schwab Funds money market funds [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 108 | 261 | |
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Equity, U.S. Government and corporate debt, and other securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 2 | 1 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | 9,314 | 9,650 | |
Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes | 13,533 | 11,647 | |
Total | 130,965 | 103,961 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | | 360 | |
Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes | 8,636 | 7,947 | |
Other securities owned | 67 | 66 | |
Available for sale securities | 77,365 | 65,646 | |
Total | 86,068 | 74,019 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Commercial paper [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Cash equivalents | | 360 | |
Available for sale securities | 214 | | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Certificates of deposit [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes | 2,525 | 3,430 | |
Available for sale securities | 2,071 | 1,683 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. Government securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Investments segregated and on deposit for regulatory purposes | 6,111 | 4,517 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | State and municipal debt obligations [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 41 | 50 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Equity, U.S. Government and corporate debt, and other securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Other securities owned | 26 | 16 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 33,195 | 22,149 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Asset-backed securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 20,335 | 21,485 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Corporate debt securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 9,852 | 10,747 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. Treasury securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 8,623 | 5,704 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. agency notes [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 1,907 | 3,150 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | U.S. state and municipal securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | 1,123 | 424 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Non-agency commercial mortgage-backed securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | $ 45 | 299 | |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Other securities [Member] | | | |
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items] | | | |
Available for sale securities | | $ 5 | |
|
[1] | Adjusted for the retrospective adoption of ASU 2015-03. See New Accounting Standards in Note 2 for additional information. |