Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | NOTE 1 - NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Nature of Operations Abeona Therapeutics Inc. (together with our subsidiaries, “we,” “our,” “Abeona” or the “Company”), a Delaware corporation, is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing gene and cell therapies for life-threatening rare genetic diseases. Our lead clinical programs consist of: (i) EB-101, an autologous, gene-corrected cell therapy for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (“RDEB”), (ii) ABO-102, an adeno-associated virus (“AAV”)-based gene therapy for Sanfilippo syndrome type A (“MPS IIIA”) and (iii) ABO-101, an AAV-based gene therapy for Sanfilippo syndrome type B (“MPS IIIB”). We have additional AAV-based gene therapies in various developmental stages designed to treat the CLN1 and CLN3 forms of Batten Disease, cystic fibrosis and retinal diseases. In addition, we are developing next-generation AAV-based gene therapies through our novel AIM™ capsid platform and internal AAV vector research programs. A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows: Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Abeona Therapeutics Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Uses and Sources of Liquidity The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis, which assumes the Company will have sufficient cash to pay its operating expenses, as and when they become payable, for a period of at least 12 months from the date the financial report was issued. As of December 31, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $129.3 million and net assets of $178.4 million. For the year ended December 31, 2019, we had cash outflows from operations of $62.8 million. We have not generated any significant product revenues and have not achieved profitable operations. There is no assurance that profitable operations will ever be achieved, and, if achieved, could be sustained on a continuing basis. In addition, development activities, clinical and nonclinical testing, and commercialization of our products will require significant additional financing. We are subject to a number of risks similar to other life science companies, including, but not limited to, risks related to the successful discovery and development of product candidates, obtaining the necessary regulatory approval to market our product candidates, raising additional capital, development of competing drugs and therapies, protection of proprietary technology and market acceptance of our products. As a result of these and other risks and the related uncertainties, there can be no assurance of our future success. Based upon our current operating plans, we believe that we have sufficient resources to fund operations through the second quarter of 2021 with our existing cash and cash equivalents. We will need to secure additional funding in the future, to carry out all of our planned research and development activities. If we are unable to obtain additional financing or generate license or product revenue, the lack of liquidity and sufficient capital resources could have a material adverse effect on our future prospects. Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported period. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions. Cash and Cash Equivalents We consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. We maintain deposits primarily in financial institutions, which may at times exceed amounts covered by insurance provided by the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). We have not experienced any losses related to amounts in excess of FDIC limits. Short-term Investments Short-term investments consist of investments in U.S. government, U.S. agency and U.S. treasury securities. We determine the appropriate classification of the securities at the time they are acquired and evaluate the appropriateness of such classifications at each balance sheet date. We classify our short-term investments as available-for-sale pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities We review our short-term investments for other-than-temporary impairment whenever the fair value of a marketable security is less than the amortized cost and evidence indicates that a short-term investment’s carrying amount is not recoverable within a reasonable period of time. Receivables Receivables are reported in the consolidated balance sheets at net realizable value. We continually evaluate the creditworthiness of our customers and their financial condition and generally do not require collateral. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based upon reviews of specific customer balances, historic losses, and general economic conditions. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, no allowance was recorded as all accounts are considered collectible. There were no receivables outstanding as of December 31, 2019. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives ranging from three to seven years for equipment and five to ten years for leasehold improvements. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that extend the useful lives are capitalized. Expenditures for normal maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The cost of assets sold or abandoned, and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts and any gains or losses are recognized in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations of the respective period. Leases In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases Leases Right-of-use lease assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The measurement of lease liabilities is based on the present value of future lease payments over the lease term. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future lease payments. The right-of-use asset is based on the measurement of the lease liability and includes any lease payments made prior to or on lease commencement and excludes lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred, as applicable. Rent expense for our operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We do not have any leases classified as finance leases. Our leases do not have significant rent escalation, holidays, concessions, material residual value guarantees, material restrictive covenants or contingent rent provisions. Our leases include both lease (e.g., fixed payments including rent, taxes, and insurance costs) and non-lease components (e.g., common-area or other maintenance costs), which are accounted for as a single lease component as we have elected the practical expedient to group lease and non-lease components for all leases. Most leases include one or more options to renew. The exercise of lease renewal options is typically at our sole discretion; therefore, the majority of renewals to extend the lease terms are not included in our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as they are not reasonably certain of exercise. We regularly evaluate the renewal options and when they are reasonably certain of exercise, we include the renewal period in our lease term. Additional information and disclosures required under ASC 842 are included in Note 6. Licensed Technology We have entered into agreements to license the rights to certain technologies. We recorded the purchase price paid for the license, which represents fair value, on our consolidated balance sheet. We maintain licensed technology on our consolidated balance sheet until either the licensed technology agreement underlying it is completed or the asset becomes impaired. When we determine that an asset has become impaired or we abandon a project, we write down the carrying value of the related intangible asset to its fair value and take an impairment charge in the period in which the impairment occurs. Licensed technology is amortized over the life of the patent or the agreement and periodically reviewed for impairment. We test our intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if indicators are present or changes in circumstance suggest that impairment may exist. Events that could result in an impairment, or trigger an interim impairment assessment, include the receipt of additional clinical or nonclinical data regarding our drug candidate or a potentially competitive drug candidate, changes in the clinical development program for a drug candidate or new information regarding potential sales for the drug. In connection with each annual impairment assessment and any interim impairment assessment, we compare the fair value of the asset as of the date of the assessment with the carrying value of the asset on our consolidated balance sheet. In 2019, 2018 and 2017, we did not impair any licensed technology. Goodwill As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, goodwill of $32.5 million was recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. In accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, Restricted Cash In November 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash Segments The Company operates in a single segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, its Executive Chairman, manages the Company’s operations on a consolidated basis for the purpose of allocating resources. Revenue Recognition Effective January 1, 2018, we adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers Revenue Recognition The table below presents the impact of the adoption of ASC 606 on our statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018. For the year ended December 31, 2018 Under Effect of As Reported ASC 605 ASC 606 Under ASC 606 Revenues Foundation revenues $ - $ 2,796,000 $ 2,796,000 License revenues 602,000 (602,000 ) - Total revenues 804,000 2,194,000 2,998,000 Loss from operations (60,360,000 ) 2,194,000 (58,166,000 ) Net loss (58,865,000 ) 2,194,000 (56,671,000 ) Basic and diluted loss per common share (1.24 ) 0.05 (1.19 ) Foundation revenues: As a result of the adoption of ASC 606, we decreased deferred revenue and the accumulated deficit by $2.6 million as of January 1, 2018. As of both December 31, 2018 and 2019, we received $5.7 million of the grants. In accordance with ASC 606, we record revenue to match expenses for the advancement of the Company’s clinical stage gene therapies for MPS IIIA and MPS IIIB, the production of which is the primary performance obligation. We recorded foundation revenues of $0 in 2019 and $2.8 million in 2018. We allocated the transaction price based on the expected costs plus a margin approach. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied as of December 31, 2019 and 2018 was $0.3 million. We expect the unsatisfied performance obligations to be recognized in the next 12 months. License revenues: Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing Royalty revenues: . Research and Development Expenses Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses include, but are not limited to, payroll and personnel expense, lab supplies, preclinical, development cost, clinical trial expense, outside manufacturing and consulting. The cost of materials and equipment or facilities that are acquired for research and development activities and that have alternative future uses are capitalized when acquired. General and Administrative Expenses General and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel, contract personnel, personnel-related expenses to support our administrative and operating activities, facility costs and professional expenses (i.e., legal expenses) and investor relations fees. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the consolidated financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets to the extent their realization is in doubt. We account for uncertain income tax positions in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes Loss Per Common Share We have presented basic and diluted loss per common share on the statement of operations. Basic and diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and shares underlying “pre-funded” warrants outstanding during the period. The “pre-funded” warrants are included in the computation of basic net loss per share as the exercise price is negligible and they are fully vested and exercisable. We do not include the potential impact of dilutive securities in diluted net loss per share, as the impact of these items is anti-dilutive. Potential dilutive securities result from outstanding stock options and “non-pre-funded” warrants. We did not include the following potentially dilutive securities in the computation of diluted net loss per common share during the periods presented: For the years ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Warrants 70,000 1,820,686 2,934,685 Stock options 6,055,395 5,841,805 5,429,727 Total 6,125,395 7,662,491 8,364,412 Stock-Based Compensation We account for stock-based compensation expense in accordance with ASC 718, Stock Based Compensation The following table summarizes stock option-based option compensation for 2019, 2018 and 2017, which was allocated as follows: For the years ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Research and development $ 3,932,000 $ 3,913,000 $ 1,668,000 General and administrative 3,406,000 4,265,000 2,976,000 Stock option-based compensation expense included in operating expense 7,338,000 8,178,000 4,644,000 Total stock option-based compensation expense 7,338,000 8,178,000 4,644,000 Tax benefit - - - Stock option-based compensation expense, net of tax $ 7,338,000 $ 8,178,000 $ 4,644,000 The following table summarizes restricted stock-based compensation for 2019, 2018 and 2017, which was allocated as follows: For the years ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 Research and development $ 454,000 $ - $ - General and administrative 445,000 688,000 1,272,000 Restricted stock-based compensation expense included in operating expense 899,000 688,000 1,272,000 Total restricted stock-based compensation expense 899,000 688,000 1,272,000 Tax benefit - - - Restricted stock-based compensation expense, net of tax $ 899,000 $ 688,000 $ 1,272,000 |