Investments | 3) Investments The Company’s investments as of September 30, 2023 are summarized as follows: Schedule of Investments Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses (1) Allowance for Credit Losses Estimated Fair Value September 30, 2023: Fixed maturity securities, available for sale, at estimated fair value: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies $ 108,680,913 $ 5,981 $ (2,498,554 ) $ - $ 106,188,340 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 6,649,289 218 (586,789 ) - 6,062,718 Corporate securities including public utilities 231,814,067 600,075 (15,412,932 ) (211,500 ) 216,789,710 Mortgage-backed securities 32,889,293 13,422 (5,755,224 ) - 27,147,491 Redeemable preferred stock 250,000 10,000 - - 260,000 Total fixed maturity securities available for sale $ 380,283,562 $ 629,696 $ (24,253,499 ) $ (211,500 ) $ 356,448,259 Equity securities at estimated fair value: Common stock: Industrial, miscellaneous and all other $ 10,470,974 $ 2,684,920 $ (846,350 ) $ 12,309,544 Total equity securities at estimated fair value $ 10,470,974 $ 2,684,920 $ (846,350 ) $ 12,309,544 Mortgage loans held for investment at amortized cost: Residential $ 96,591,643 Residential construction 101,295,751 Commercial 55,991,027 Less: Unamortized deferred loan fees, net (1,629,546 ) Less: Allowance for credit losses (2,612,944 ) Less: Net discounts (328,833 ) Total mortgage loans held for investment $ 249,307,098 Real estate held for investment - net of accumulated depreciation: Residential $ 38,034,997 Commercial 146,656,466 Total real estate held for investment $ 184,691,463 Real estate held for sale: Residential $ 2,285,707 Commercial 2,478,660 Total real estate held for sale $ 4,764,367 Other investments and policy loans at amortized cost: Policy loans $ 13,154,845 Insurance assignments 42,624,001 Federal Home Loan Bank stock (2) 2,699,300 Other investments 9,330,532 Less: Allowance for credit losses for insurance assignments (1,555,261 ) Total other investments and policy loans $ 66,253,417 Accrued investment income $ 12,266,695 Total investments $ 886,040,843 (1) Gross unrealized losses are net of allowance for credit losses (2) Includes $ 978,600 1,720,700 SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments The Company’s investments as of December 31, 2022 are summarized as follows: Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Estimated Fair Value December 31, 2022: Fixed maturity securities, available for sale, at estimated fair value: U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government agencies $ 93,182,210 $ 180,643 $ (2,685,277 ) $ 90,677,576 Obligations of states and political subdivisions 6,675,071 13,869 (458,137 ) 6,230,803 Corporate securities including public utilities 229,141,544 1,909,630 (11,930,773 ) 219,120,401 Mortgage-backed securities 33,501,686 168,700 (4,100,674 ) 29,569,712 Redeemable preferred stock 250,000 10,000 - 260,000 Total fixed maturity securities available for sale $ 362,750,511 $ 2,282,842 $ (19,174,861 ) $ 345,858,492 Equity securities at estimated fair value: Common stock: Industrial, miscellaneous and all other $ 9,942,265 $ 2,688,375 $ (948,114 ) $ 11,682,526 Total equity securities at estimated fair value $ 9,942,265 $ 2,688,375 $ (948,114 ) $ 11,682,526 Mortgage loans held for investment at amortized cost: Residential $ 93,355,623 Residential construction 172,516,125 Commercial 46,311,955 Less: Unamortized deferred loan fees, net (1,746,605 ) Less: Allowance for credit losses (1,970,311 ) Less: Net discounts (342,860 ) Total mortgage loans held for investment $ 308,123,927 Real estate held for investment - net of accumulated depreciation: Residential $ 38,437,960 Commercial 152,890,656 Total real estate held for investment $ 191,328,616 Real estate held for sale: Residential $ 11,010,029 Commercial 151,553 Total real estate held for sale $ 11,161,582 Other investments and policy loans at amortized cost: Policy loans $ 13,095,473 Insurance assignments 46,942,536 Federal Home Loan Bank stock (1) 2,600,300 Other investments 9,479,798 Less: Allowance for credit losses for insurance assignments (1,609,951 ) Total other investments and policy loans $ 70,508,156 Accrued investment income $ 10,299,826 Total investments $ 948,963,125 (1) Includes $ 938,500 1,661,800 SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments Fixed Maturity Securities The table below summarizes unrealized losses on fixed maturity securities available for sale that were carried at estimated fair value as of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022. The unrealized losses were primarily related to interest rate fluctuations. The fair values of fixed maturity securities are based on quoted market prices, when available. For fixed maturity securities not actively traded, fair values are estimated using values obtained from independent pricing services, or in the case of private placements, are estimated by discounting expected future cash flows using a current market value applicable to the coupon rate, credit and maturity of the investments. The table below sets forth unrealized losses by duration with the fair value of the related fixed maturity securities. Schedule of Fair Value of Fixed Maturity Securities Unrealized Losses for Less than Twelve Months Fair Value Unrealized Losses for More than Twelve Months Fair Value Total Unrealized Loss Combined Fair Value September 30, 2023 U.S. Treasury Securities And Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies $ 331,740 $ 36,115,986 $ 2,166,815 $ 69,967,155 $ 2,498,555 $ 106,083,141 Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions 155,458 1,469,753 431,331 4,142,748 586,789 5,612,501 Corporate Securities 4,092,910 86,409,480 11,320,021 106,047,158 15,412,931 192,456,638 Mortgage and other asset-backed securities 123,790 4,627,445 5,631,434 22,003,452 5,755,224 26,630,897 Totals $ 4,703,898 $ 128,622,664 $ 19,549,601 $ 202,160,513 $ 24,253,499 $ 330,783,177 December 31, 2022 U.S. Treasury Securities And Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies $ 2,685,277 $ 79,400,753 $ - $ - $ 2,685,277 $ 79,400,753 Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions 378,067 5,467,910 80,070 429,020 458,137 5,896,930 Corporate Securities 10,935,114 162,995,969 995,659 5,781,822 11,930,773 168,777,791 Mortgage and other asset-backed securities 2,884,731 19,909,907 1,215,943 6,978,745 4,100,674 26,888,652 Totals $ 16,883,189 $ 267,774,539 $ 2,291,672 $ 13,189,587 $ 19,174,861 $ 280,964,126 Relevant holdings were comprised of 816 securities with fair values aggregating 93.2% 93.1% 1,741 nil 222,264 nil SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments Evaluation of Allowance for Credit Losses See Note 2 regarding the adoption of ASU 2016-13. On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates its fixed maturity securities classified as available for sale to identify any potential credit losses. This evaluation includes a review of current ratings by the National Association of Insurance Commissions (“NAIC”) and other industry rating agencies. Securities with a rating of 1 or 2 are considered investment grade and are not reviewed for credit loss, unless current market data or recent company news could lead to a credit downgrade. Securities with ratings of 3 to 5 are evaluated for credit loss. The evaluation involves assessing all facts and circumstances surrounding each security including, but not limited to, historical values, interest payment history, projected earnings, and revenue growth rates as well as a review of the reason for a downgrade in the NAIC rating. Based on the analysis of a security that is rated 3 to 5, a determination is made whether the security will likely make interest and principal payments in accordance with the terms of the financial instrument. Securities with a rating of 6 are automatically determined to be impaired and a credit loss is recognized in earnings. Where the decline in fair value of fixed maturity securities is attributable to changes in market interest rates or to factors such as market volatility, liquidity and spread widening, and the Company anticipates recovery of all contractual or expected cash flows, the Company does not consider these securities to have credit loss because the Company does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more likely than not the Company will be required to sell these securities before a recovery of amortized cost, which may be at maturity. If the Company intends to sell a fixed maturity security or if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell a security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, a credit loss has occurred and the difference between the amortized cost and the fair value that relates to the expected credit loss is recognized as a loss in earnings, included in gains (losses) on investments and other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. If the Company does not intend to sell a debt security and it is less likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the debt security but the Company also does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security, a credit loss is recognized in earnings for the amount of the expected credit loss with a corresponding allowance for credit losses as a contra-asset account. The credit loss is included in gains (losses) on investments and other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. The recognized credit loss is limited to the total unrealized loss on the security due to a change in credit. Amounts on available for sale fixed maturities that are deemed to be uncollectible are written off and removed from the allowance for credit loss. A write-off may also occur if the Company intends to sell a security or when it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before the recovery of its amortized cost. The Company does not measure a credit loss allowance on accrued interest receivable, included in accrued investment income on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, as the Company writes off any accrued interest receivable balance to net investment income in a timely manner (after 90 days) when the Company has concerns regarding collectability. SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments Credit Quality Indicators The NAIC assigns designations to fixed maturity securities. These designations range from Class 1 (highest quality) to Class 6 (lowest quality). The NAIC designations are utilized by insurers in preparing their annual statutory statements. NAIC Class 1 and 2 are considered investment grade while the NAIC Class 3 through 6 designations are considered non-investment grade. Based on the NAIC designations, the Company had 98.2% 97.7% The following table summarizes the credit quality, by NAIC designation, of the Company’s fixed maturity securities available for sale, excluding redeemable preferred stock. Schedule of Credit Quality of Fixed Maturity Security Portfolio by NAIC Designation September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 NAIC Designation Amortized Estimated Fair Amortized Estimated Fair 1 $ 210,224,246 $ 198,601,878 $ 197,753,818 $ 189,691,540 2 162,752,957 151,279,566 156,261,804 148,073,873 3 5,329,117 4,890,504 7,080,305 6,635,786 4 1,462,481 1,325,409 1,377,541 1,157,454 5 263,504 90,901 25,736 39,155 6 1,257 1 1,307 684 Total $ 380,033,562 $ 356,188,259 $ 362,500,511 $ 345,598,492 The following tables presents a roll forward of the Company’s allowance for credit losses on fixed maturity securities available for sale: Schedule of Allowance for Credit Losses on Fixed Maturity Securities Available for Sale Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 U.S. Treasury Securities And Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies Obligations of states and political subdivisions Corporate securities Mortgage-backed securities Total Beginning balance - December 31, 2022 $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - Additions for credit losses not previously recorded - - 179,500 - 179,500 Change in allowance on securities with previous allowance - - 42,764 - 42,764 Reductions for securities sold during the period - - (10,764 ) - (10,764 ) Reductions for securities with credit losses due to intent to sell - - - - - Write-offs charged against the allowance - - - - - Recoveries of amounts previously written off - - - - - Ending Balance - September 30, 2023 $ - $ - $ 211,500 $ - $ 211,500 SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 U.S. Treasury Securities And Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies Obligations of states and political subdivisions Corporate securities Mortgage-backed securities Total Beginning balance - June 30, 2023 $ - $ - $ 224,005 $ - $ 224,005 Beginning balance $ - $ - $ 224,005 $ - $ 224,005 Additions for credit losses not previously recorded - - - - - Change in allowance on securities with previous allowance - - (1,741 ) - (1,741 ) Reductions for securities sold during the period - - (10,764 ) - (10,764 ) Reductions for securities with credit losses due to intent to sell - - - - - Write-offs charged against the allowance - - - - - Recoveries of amounts previously written off - - - - - Ending Balance - September 30, 2023 $ - $ - $ 211,500 $ - $ 211,500 Ending balance $ - $ - $ 211,500 $ - $ 211,500 The following table presents a roll forward of the Company’s cumulative other than temporary credit impairments (“OTTI”) recognized in earnings on fixed maturity securities available for sale which was required to be presented prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13: Schedule of Earnings on Fixed Maturity Securities 2022 Balance of credit-related OTTI at January 1 $ 264,977 Additions for credit impairments recognized on: Securities not previously impaired - Securities previously impaired - Reductions for credit impairments previously recognized on: Securities that matured or were sold during the period (realized) (39,502 ) Securities due to an increase in expected cash flows - Balance of credit-related OTTI at September 30 $ 225,475 The table below presents the amortized cost and the estimated fair value of fixed maturity securities available for sale as of September 30, 2023, by contractual maturity. Actual or expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because certain borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Schedule of Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date Amortized Estimated Fair Due in 1 year $ 6,818,008 $ 6,812,398 Due in 2-5 years 160,874,392 155,802,499 Due in 5-10 years 93,763,663 88,297,470 Due in more than 10 years 85,688,206 78,128,401 Mortgage-backed securities 32,889,293 27,147,491 Redeemable preferred stock 250,000 260,000 Total $ 380,283,562 $ 356,448,259 SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments The Company is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines and Dallas (“FHLB”). The Company had pledged a total of $ 92,437,113 nil 85,218,402 Information regarding sales of fixed maturity securities available for sale is presented as follows: Schedule of Major Categories of Net Investment Income 2023 2022 2023 2022 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 2022 2023 2022 Proceeds from sales $ 207,522 $ 1,198,240 $ 1,163,132 $ 1,886,891 Gross realized gains - 21,926 11,257 24,281 Gross realized losses (3,368 ) (24,811 ) (57,472 ) (32,656 ) Assets on deposit with life insurance regulatory authorities as required by law were as follows: Schedule of Assets on Deposit With Life Insurance As of September 30, 2023 As of December 31, 2022 Fixed maturity securities available for sale $ 6,248,114 $ 8,817,959 Cash and cash equivalents 1,956,777 2,214,206 Total $ 8,204,891 $ 11,032,165 There were no investments, aggregated by issuer, of more than 10% of shareholders’ equity (before net unrealized gains and losses on equity securities and fixed maturity securities) as of September 30, 2023, other than investments issued or guaranteed by the United States Government. Real Estate Held for Investment and Held for Sale The Company strategically deploys resources into real estate assets to match the income and yield durations of its primary obligations. The sources for these real estate assets come through its various business units in the form of acquisition, development, and mortgage foreclosures. Commercial Real Estate Held for Investment and Held for Sale The Company owns and manages commercial real estate assets as a means of generating investment income. These assets are acquired in accordance with the Company’s goals and objectives for risk-adjusted returns. Due diligence is conducted on each asset using internal and third-party resources. The geographic locations and asset classes of investments are determined by senior management under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Company employs full-time employees to attend to the day-to-day operations of those assets within the greater Salt Lake area and close surrounding markets. The Company utilizes third party property managers where the geographic location does not warrant full-time staff or through strategic lease-up periods. The Company generally looks to acquire assets that are in regions expected to have high growth in employment and population and that provide operational efficiencies. The Company currently owns and operates nine commercial properties in three states. These properties include office buildings, flex office space, and the redevelopment and expansion of its corporate campus (“Center53”) in Salt Lake City, Utah. The Company uses bank debt in strategic cases, primarily where it is anticipated to improve yields, or facilitate the acquisition of higher quality assets or asset class diversification. SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments The aggregated net book value of commercial real estate serving as collateral for bank loans was $ 125,641,402 129,330,119 98,250,725 97,112,131 During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, the Company did not record any impairment losses on commercial real estate held for investment or held for sale. Impairment losses, if any, are included in gains (losses) on investment and other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. During the three month periods ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, the Company recorded depreciation expense on commercial real estate held for investment of $ 1,572,494 1,604,195 4,715,322 4,593,468 The Company’s commercial real estate held for investment is summarized as follows as of the respective dates indicated: Schedule of Commercial Real Estate Investment Net Book Value Total Square Footage September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, Utah (1) $ 143,735,609 $ 147,627,946 625,920 625,920 Louisiana 19,416 2,380,847 1,622 31,778 Mississippi 2,901,441 2,881,863 19,694 19,694 $ 146,656,466 $ 152,890,656 647,236 677,392 (1) Includes Center53 The Company’s commercial real estate held for sale is summarized as follows as of the respective dates indicated: Net Book Value Total Square Footage September 30, December 31, September 30, December 31, Louisiana $ 2,327,107 $ - 30,156 - Mississippi (1) 151,553 151,553 - - $ 2,478,660 $ 151,553 30,156 - (1) Consists of approximately 93 acres of undeveloped land These properties are being marketed with the assistance of commercial real estate brokers in Mississippi and Louisiana. Residential Real Estate Held for Investment and Held for Sale The Company occasionally acquires a small portfolio of residential homes primarily because of loan foreclosures. The Company has the option to sell these properties or to continue to hold them for expected cash flow and price appreciation. The Company also invests in residential subdivision development. The Company established Security National Real Estate Services (“SNRE”) to manage its residential property portfolio. SNRE cultivates and maintains the preferred vendor relationships necessary to manage costs and quality of work performed on the Company’s entire residential property portfolio. SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments During the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, and 2022 the Company did not record any impairment losses on residential real estate held for sale or held for investment. Impairment losses, if any, are included in gains (losses) on investment and other assets on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. During the three month periods ended September 30, 2023, and 2022, the Company recorded depreciation expense on residential real estate held for investment of $ 2,648 2,648 7,944 7,944 The Company’s residential real estate held for investment is summarized as follows as of the respective dates indicated: Schedule of Residential Real Estate Investment Net Book Value September 30, December 31, Utah (1) $ 38,034,997 $ 38,437,960 $ 38,034,997 $ 38,437,960 (1) Includes residential subdivision development The following table presents additional information regarding the Company’s residential subdivision development in Utah: September 30, December 31, Lots developed 50 80 Lots to be developed 1,080 1,131 Book Value $ 37,846,685 $ 38,241,705 The Company’s residential real estate held for sale is summarized as follows as of the respective dates indicated: Net Book Value September 30, December 31, Utah $ 2,285,707 (1) $ 11,010,029 $ 2,285,707 $ 11,010,029 (1) Unimproved land The net book value of foreclosed residential real estate included in residential real estate held for sale was nil 11,010,029 SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments Real Estate Owned and Occupied by the Company The primary business units of the Company occupy a portion of the real estate owned by the Company. As of September 30, 2023, real estate owned and occupied by the Company is summarized as follows: Schedule of Real Estate Owned and Occupied by the Company Location Business Segment Approximate Square Footage Square Footage Occupied by the Company 433 Ascension Way, Floors 4, 5 and 6, Salt Lake City, UT - Center53 Building 2 (1) Corporate Offices, Life Insurance, Cemetery/Mortuary Operations, and Mortgage Operations and Sales 221,000 50 % 1044 River Oaks Dr., Flowood, MS (1) Life Insurance Operations 19,694 28 % 1818 Marshall Street, Shreveport, LA (2) Life Insurance Operations 12,274 100 % 909 Foisy Street, Alexandria, LA (2) Life Insurance Sales 8,059 100 % 812 Sheppard Street, Minden, LA (2) Life Insurance Sales 1,560 100 % 1550 N 3rd Street, Jena, LA (2) Life Insurance Sales 1,737 100 % (1) Included in real estate held for investment on the condensed consolidated balance sheets (2) Included in property and equipment on the condensed consolidated balance sheets Mortgage Loans Held for Investment Mortgage loans held for investment consist of first and second mortgages. The mortgage loans bear interest at rates ranging from 2.0% 10.5% nine months 30 Concentrations of credit risk arise when a number of mortgage loan debtors have similar economic characteristics that would cause their ability to meet contractual obligations to be similarly affected by changes in economic conditions. Although the Company has a diversified mortgage loan portfolio consisting of residential mortgages, commercial loans and residential construction loans and requires collateral on all real estate exposures, a substantial portion of the relevant debtors’ ability to honor obligations is dependent upon the economic stability of the geographic region in which the debtors do business or are employed. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had 45% 12% 9% 7% 6% 64% 10% 5% 5% Mortgage loans held for investment are carried at their unpaid principal balances adjusted for net deferred fees, charge-offs, premiums, discounts, and the related allowance for credit losses. Interest income is included in net investment income on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings and is recognized when earned. The Company defers related material loan origination fees, net of related direct loan origination costs, and amortizes the net fees over the terms of the loans. Origination fees are included in net investment income on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. Mortgage loans are secured by the underlying property and require an appraisal at the time of underwriting and funding. Generally, the Company requires that loans not exceed 80% of the fair market value of the respective loan collateral. For loans of more than 80% of the fair market value of the respective loan collateral, additional collateral or mortgage insurance by an approved third-party insurer is required. SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments Evaluation of Allowance for Credit Losses See Note 2 regarding the adoption of ASU 2016-13. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the Company’s mortgage loans held for investment to present the net amount expected to be collected. The Company reports in net earnings, as a credit loss expense, the amount necessary to adjust the allowance for credit losses for the Company’s current estimate of expected credit losses on mortgage loans held for investment. This credit loss expense is included in other expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. Once a mortgage loan is past due 90 days, it is the policy of the Company to end the accrual of interest income on the loan and reverse any interest income that had been accrued. Given this policy, the Company does not measure a credit loss allowance on accrued interest receivable. Accrued interest receivable is included in accrued investment income on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Payments received for mortgage loans on a non-accrual status are recognized when received. The interest income recognized from payments received for mortgage loans on a non-accrual status was immaterial. Accrual of interest resumes if a mortgage loan is brought current. Interest not accrued on these loans totaled approximately $ 249,000 226,000 The Company measures expected credit losses based on the fair value of the collateral when the Company determines that foreclosure is probable. When a mortgage loan becomes delinquent, the Company proceeds to foreclose and all expenses for foreclosure are expensed as incurred. Once foreclosed, the property is classified as real estate held for investment or held for sale. To determine the allowance for credit losses, the Company has segmented its mortgage loans held for investment by loan type. The Company’s loan types are commercial, residential, and residential construction. The inherent risks within the portfolio vary depending upon the loan type as follows: Commercial Commercial loans are evaluated for credit loss by analyzing loan attributes that are predictors for future credit losses. The Company uses a combination of the debt service coverage ratio (“DSCR”) and loan to value (“LTV”) to group similar loans. The Company applies a future loss factor to the outstanding balance of each group to arrive at the allowance for credit loss. Residential The Company uses a third-party to provide a monthly analysis of its residential portfolio for credit losses. The third party uses the Company’s current loan data and runs it through various models to project cash flows and provide a projected life of loan loss. The models consider loan features such as loan type, loan to value, payment status, age, and current property values. The Company also considers historical delinquency rates and current unemployment trends. SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments Residential construction (including land acquisition and development) Additionally, land acquisition and development loans are underwritten in accordance with the Company’s underwriting policies, which include independent appraisal valuations as well as the estimated value associated with the land upon completion of development into finished lots. These loans are of a higher risk than other mortgage loans due to their ultimate repayment being sensitive to general economic conditions, availability of long-term or construction financing, and interest rate sensitivity. To determine the allowance for credit losses on residential construction mortgage loans, the Company considers historical activity and housing market trends. Given the continued volatility in the housing market, the Company has adjusted its credit loss analysis. The following table presents a roll forward of the allowance for credit losses as of the dates indicated: Schedule of Allowance for Loan Losses Commercial Residential Residential Construction Total September 30, 2023 Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance - January 1, 2023 $ 187,129 $ 1,739,980 $ 43,202 $ 1,970,311 Cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption of new accounting standard (ASU 2016-13) (1) 555,807 (192,607 ) 301,830 665,030 Change in provision for credit losses (2) 67,246 52,797 (142,440 ) (22,397 ) Charge-offs - - - - Ending balance - September 30, 2023 $ 810,182 $ 1,600,170 $ 202,592 $ 2,612,944 December 31, 2022 Allowance for credit losses: Beginning balance - January 1, 2022 $ 187,129 $ 1,469,571 $ 43,202 $ 1,699,902 Change in provision for credit losses (2) - 270,409 - 270,409 Charge-offs - - - - Ending balance - December 31, 2022 $ 187,129 $ 1,739,980 $ 43,202 $ 1,970,311 (1) See Note 2 of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (2) Included in other expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of earnings SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements September 30, 2023 (Unaudited) 3) Investments The following table presents the aging of mortgage loans held for investment by loan type as of the dates indicated: Schedule of Aging of Mortgage Loans Commercial Residential Residential Total September 30, 2023 30-59 days past due $ 3,139,403 $ 3,816,822 $ 805,766 $ 7,761,991 60-89 days past due - 1,795,326 - 1,795,326 Over 90 days past due (1) 1,646,508 3,778,582 1,005,417 6,430,507 In process of foreclosure (1) - 276,580 - 276,580 Total past due 4,785,911 9,667,310 1,811,183 16,264,404 Current 51,205,116 86,924,333 99,484,568 237,614,017 Total mortgage loans 55,991,027 96,591,643 101,295,751 253,878,421 Allowance for credit losses (810,182 ) (1,600,170 ) (202,592 ) (2,612,944 ) Unamortized deferred loan fees, net (145,572 ) (1,129,517 ) (354,457 ) (1,629,546 ) Unamortized discounts, net (220,276 ) (108,557 ) - (328,833 ) Net mortgage loans held for investment $ 54,814,997 $ 93,753,399 $ 100,738,702 $ 249,307,098 December 31, 2022 30-59 days past due $ 1,000,000 $ 3,553,390 $ - $ 4,553,390 60-89 days past due - 814,184 - 814,184 Over 90 days past due (1) - 1,286,211 - 1,286,211 In process of foreclosure (1) 405,000 876,174 - 1,281,174 Total past due 1,405,000 6,529,959 - 7,934,959 Current 44,906,955 86,825,664 172,516,125 304,248,744 Total mortgage loans 46,311,955 93,355,623 172,516,125 312,183,703 Allowance for credit losses (187,129 ) (1,739,980 ) (43,202 ) (1,970,311 ) Unamortized deferred loan fees, net (199,765 ) (1,212,994 ) (333,846 ) (1,746,605 ) Unamortized discounts, net (230,987 ) (111,873 ) - (342,860 ) Net mortgage loans held for investment $ 45,694,074 $ 90,290,776 $ 172,139,077 $ 308,123,927 (1) Interest income is not recognized on loans which are more than 90 days past due or in foreclosure. SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to Condensed Consolidated Fina |