Investments | Investments Portfolio Composition : A summary of fixed maturities available for sale and equity securities by cost or amortized cost and estimated fair value at December 31, 2015 and 2014 is as follows: 2015: Cost or Gross Gross Fair Value (1) % of Total (2) Fixed maturities available for sale: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 368,718 $ 404 $ (14,078 ) $ 355,044 3 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 1,296,396 131,516 (1,908 ) 1,426,004 10 Foreign governments 21,594 1,369 (163 ) 22,800 — Corporates, by sector: Financial 2,760,552 301,624 (54,881 ) 3,007,295 22 Utilities 1,981,241 223,535 (28,267 ) 2,176,509 16 Energy 1,568,392 53,776 (219,101 ) 1,403,067 10 Other corporate sectors 4,761,192 294,026 (230,911 ) 4,824,307 35 Total corporates 11,071,377 872,961 (533,160 ) 11,411,178 83 Collateralized debt obligations 63,662 16,158 (9,438 ) 70,382 1 Other asset-backed securities 18,963 668 — 19,631 — Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Financial 382,517 45,926 (4,781 ) 423,662 3 Utilities 28,644 731 (52 ) 29,323 — Total redeemable preferred stocks 411,161 46,657 (4,833 ) 452,985 3 Total fixed maturities 13,251,871 1,069,733 (563,580 ) 13,758,024 100 Equity securities available for sale 776 859 — 1,635 Total fixed maturities and equity securities $ 13,252,647 $ 1,070,592 $ (563,580 ) $ 13,759,659 (1) Amount reported in the balance sheet. (2) At fair value 2014: Cost or Gross Gross Fair Value (1) % of Total (2) Fixed maturities available for sale: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 367,463 $ 5,561 $ (3,183 ) $ 369,841 3 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 1,278,429 177,052 (718 ) 1,454,763 10 Foreign governments 25,824 1,350 (1 ) 27,173 — Corporates, by sector: Financial 2,659,266 419,303 (12,136 ) 3,066,433 21 Utilities 2,154,433 377,962 (2,945 ) 2,529,450 17 Energy 1,511,839 173,485 (21,641 ) 1,663,683 12 Other corporate sectors 4,240,082 530,462 (24,158 ) 4,746,386 33 Total corporates 10,565,620 1,501,212 (60,880 ) 12,005,952 83 Collateralized debt obligations 67,876 4,165 (8,809 ) 63,232 — Other asset-backed securities 21,424 1,104 — 22,528 — Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Financial 468,290 56,845 (5,008 ) 520,127 4 Utilities 28,686 781 (23 ) 29,444 — Total redeemable preferred stocks 496,976 57,626 (5,031 ) 549,571 4 Total fixed maturities 12,823,612 1,748,070 (78,622 ) 14,493,060 100 Equity securities available for sale 776 701 — 1,477 Total fixed maturities and equity securities $ 12,824,388 $ 1,748,771 $ (78,622 ) $ 14,494,537 (1) Amount reported in the balance sheet. (2) At fair value A schedule of fixed maturities by contractual maturity at December 31, 2015 is shown below on an amortized cost basis and on a fair value basis. Actual maturities could differ from contractual maturities due to call or prepayment provisions. Amortized Fair Fixed maturities available for sale: Due in one year or less $ 66,545 $ 67,585 Due from one to five years 535,903 583,237 Due from five to ten years 1,051,912 1,129,107 Due from ten to twenty years 3,877,844 4,201,334 Due after twenty years 7,635,180 7,684,715 Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities 84,487 92,046 $ 13,251,871 $ 13,758,024 Analysis of investment operations : As discussed in Note 1—Significant Accounting Policies , net investment income was retrospectively adjusted to give effect to the adoption of ASU 2014-01 for all periods presented. Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Net investment income is summarized as follows: Fixed maturities $ 747,663 $ 732,925 $ 709,756 Equity securities 13 8 323 Policy loans 36,763 35,015 33,471 Other long-term investments 2,008 1,508 1,281 Short-term investments 95 75 138 786,542 769,531 744,969 Less investment expense (12,591 ) (11,245 ) (10,319 ) Net investment income $ 773,951 $ 758,286 $ 734,650 An analysis of realized gains (losses) from investments is as follows: Realized investment gains (losses): Fixed maturities $ (9,479 ) $ 23,170 $ 13,138 Equity securities — 601 — Loss on redemption of debt — (258 ) — Other 688 35 (5,148 ) (8,791 ) 23,548 7,990 Applicable tax 3,077 (8,242 ) (4,025 ) Realized gains (losses) from investments, net of tax $ (5,714 ) $ 15,306 $ 3,965 An analysis of the net change in unrealized investment gains (losses) is as follows: Fixed maturities $ (1,163,295 ) $ 1,279,190 $ (1,187,529 ) Equity securities 158 (308 ) 317 Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on securities (1,163,137 ) 1,278,882 (1,187,212 ) Other investments (2,895 ) 4,180 3,560 Net change in unrealized gains (losses) $ (1,166,032 ) $ 1,283,062 $ (1,183,652 ) Additional information about securities sold is as follows: At December 31, 2015 2014 2013 Fixed maturities: Proceeds from sales $ 226,792 $ 109,024 $ 133,463 Gross realized gains 259 17,583 5,948 Gross realized losses (16,894 ) (1,879 ) (1,310 ) Fair value measurements : The following tables represent the fair value of assets measured on a recurring basis at December 31, 2015 and 2014 : Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2015 Using: Description Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Fair Value Fixed maturities available for sale: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ — $ 355,044 $ — $ 355,044 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions — 1,426,004 — 1,426,004 Foreign governments — 22,800 — 22,800 Corporates, by sector: Financial — 2,945,048 62,247 3,007,295 Utilities 22,189 2,020,268 134,052 2,176,509 Energy — 1,377,861 25,206 1,403,067 Other corporate sectors — 4,515,006 309,301 4,824,307 Total corporates 22,189 10,858,183 530,806 11,411,178 Collateralized debt obligations — — 70,382 70,382 Other asset-backed securities — 19,631 — 19,631 Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Financial 10,124 413,538 — 423,662 Utilities — 29,323 — 29,323 Total redeemable preferred stocks 10,124 442,861 — 452,985 Total fixed maturities 32,313 13,124,523 601,188 13,758,024 Equity securities available for sale 765 — 870 1,635 Total fixed maturities and equity securities $ 33,078 $ 13,124,523 $ 602,058 $ 13,759,659 Percentage of total 0.2 % 95.4 % 4.4 % 100 % Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2014 Using: Description Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Total Fair Value Fixed maturities available for sale: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ — $ 369,841 $ — $ 369,841 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 1,504 1,453,259 — 1,454,763 Foreign governments — 27,173 — 27,173 Corporates, by sector: Financial 56,517 2,940,267 69,649 3,066,433 Utilities 30,054 2,366,408 132,988 2,529,450 Energy — 1,636,653 27,030 1,663,683 Other corporate sectors — 4,463,339 283,047 4,746,386 Total corporates 86,571 11,406,667 512,714 12,005,952 Collateralized debt obligations — — 63,232 63,232 Other asset-backed securities 661 21,867 — 22,528 Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Financial 17,811 502,316 — 520,127 Utilities 5,134 24,310 — 29,444 Total redeemable preferred stocks 22,945 526,626 — 549,571 Total fixed maturities 111,681 13,805,433 575,946 14,493,060 Equity securities available for sale 644 — 833 1,477 Total fixed maturities and equity securities $ 112,325 $ 13,805,433 $ 576,779 $ 14,494,537 Percentage of total 0.8 % 95.2 % 4.0 % 100.0 % The following table represents changes in assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). Analysis of Changes in Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Asset- backed securities Collateralized debt Obligations Corporates Equities Total Balance at January 1, 2013 $ 7,981 $ 46,571 $ 231,072 $ 739 $ 286,363 Total gains or losses: Included in realized gains/losses — — — — — Included in other comprehensive income 426 10,083 (17,243 ) 37 (6,697 ) Acquisitions — — 129,755 — 129,755 Sales — — — — — Amortization (57 ) 2,838 5 — 2,786 Other (1) — (1,287 ) (834 ) — (2,121 ) Transfers into (out of) Level 3 (8,350 ) — (42,455 ) — (50,805 ) Balance at December 31, 2013 — 58,205 300,300 776 359,281 Total gains or losses: Included in realized gains/losses — 15,924 1 — 15,925 Included in other comprehensive income — 3,323 27,864 57 31,244 Acquisitions — — 186,366 — 186,366 Sales — (16,049 ) (1 ) — (16,050 ) Amortization — 5,519 13 — 5,532 Other (1) — (3,690 ) (1,829 ) — (5,519 ) Transfers into (out of) Level 3 — — — — — Balance at December 31, 2014 — 63,232 512,714 833 576,779 Total gains or losses: Included in realized gains/losses — — 1,182 — 1,182 Included in other comprehensive income — 11,365 (11,925 ) 37 (523 ) Acquisitions — — 38,600 — 38,600 Amortization — 5,536 17 — 5,553 Other (1) — (9,751 ) (9,782 ) — (19,533 ) Transfers into (out of) Level 3 — — — — — Balance at December 31, 2015 $ — $ 70,382 $ 530,806 $ 870 $ 602,058 (1) Includes capitalized interest, foreign exchange adjustments, and principal repayments. Acquisitions of Level 3 investments in each of the years 2013 through 2015 are comprised of private-placement fixed maturities managed by an unaffiliated third-party. See Note 1—Significant Accounting Policies for more information on private placements. Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements As of December 31, 2015 Fair Value Valuation Unobservable Range Weighted Collateralized debt obligations $ 70,382 Discounted cash flows Discount 8.85 - 9.5% 9.4% Private placement fixed maturities 530,806 Discounted cash flows Credit A+ to BB BBB Discount 3.13 - 7.47% 4.31% Equity securities 870 Third-party pricing without adjustment N/A N/A N/A $ 602,058 The collateral underlying collateralized debt obligations for which fair values are reported as Level 3 consists primarily of trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurance companies. None of the collateral is subprime or Alt-A mortgages (loans for which the typical documentation was not provided by the borrower). Collateralized debt obligations are valued at the present value of expected future cash flows using an unobservable discount rate. Expected cash flows are determined by scheduling the projected repayment of the collateral assuming no future defaults, deferrals, or recoveries. The discount rate is risk-adjusted to take these items into account. A significant increase (decrease) in the discount rate will produce a significant decrease (increase) in fair value. Additionally, a significant increase (decrease) in the cash flow expectations would result in a significant increase (decrease) in fair value. The private placement fixed maturities are valued based on the contractual cash flows discounted by a yield determined as a treasury benchmark adjusted for a credit spread. The credit spread is developed from observable indices for similar public fixed maturities and unobservable indices for private fixed maturities for corresponding credit ratings. However, the credit ratings for the private placements are considered unobservable inputs, as they are assigned by the third party investment manager based on a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the credit underwritten. A higher (lower) credit rating would result in a higher (lower) valuation. For more information regarding valuation procedures, please refer to Note 1—Significant Accounting Policies under the caption Fair Value Measurements, Investments in Securities . The following table presents transfers in and out of each of the valuation levels of fair values. 2015 2014 2013 In Out Net In Out Net In Out Net Level 1 $ 17,252 $ (49,744 ) $ (32,492 ) $ 36,468 $ — $ 36,468 $ 19,416 $ — $ 19,416 Level 2 49,744 (17,252 ) 32,492 — (36,468 ) (36,468 ) 50,805 (19,416 ) 31,389 Level 3 — — — — — — — (50,805 ) (50,805 ) Transfers into Level 2 from Level 3 result from the availability of observable market data when a security is valued at the end of a period. Transfers into Level 3 occur when there is a lack of observable market information. Transfers into Level 1 from Level 2 occur when direct quotes are available; transfers from Level 1 into Level 2 result when only observable market data and no direct quotes are available. Transfers between levels are recognized as of the end of the period of transfer. Other-than-temporary impairments (OTTI) : Based on the Company's evaluation of its fixed maturities in an unrealized loss position in accordance with the OTTI policy as described in Note 1—Significant Accounting Policies , the Company concluded that there were no other-than-temporary impairments during the three years ended December 31, 2015 . As of year end 2015 , previously written down securities remaining in the portfolio were carried at a fair value of $60 million , or less than 1% of the fair value of the fixed maturity portfolio. Torchmark is continuously monitoring the market conditions impacting its portfolio, especially in the energy and basic materials sectors. While adverse market conditions for an extended duration could lead to some ratings downgrades in these sectors, Torchmark has the ability and intent to hold these investments to recovery, and does not intend to sell nor expects to be required to sell any of its securities. Unrealized gains/loss analysis : The following tables disclose gross unrealized investment losses by class and major sector of investments at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014 for the respective periods of time in a loss position. Torchmark considers these investments to be only temporarily impaired. ANALYSIS OF GROSS UNREALIZED INVESTMENT LOSSES At December 31, 2015 Less than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total Description of Securities Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fixed maturities available for sale: Investment grade securities: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 310,676 $ (13,196 ) $ 14,731 $ (882 ) $ 325,407 $ (14,078 ) States, municipalities and political subdivisions 55,351 (1,611 ) 671 (42 ) 56,022 (1,653 ) Foreign governments 7,302 (163 ) — — 7,302 (163 ) Corporates, by sector: Financial 476,469 (18,599 ) — — 476,469 (18,599 ) Utilities 435,692 (28,267 ) — — 435,692 (28,267 ) Energy 745,969 (146,157 ) 81,681 (41,412 ) 827,650 (187,569 ) Metals and mining 225,273 (50,857 ) 25,831 (11,552 ) 251,104 (62,409 ) Other corporate sectors 1,615,515 (113,185 ) 35,684 (6,661 ) 1,651,199 (119,846 ) Total corporates 3,498,918 (357,065 ) 143,196 (59,625 ) 3,642,114 (416,690 ) Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Utilities 7,763 (52 ) — — 7,763 (52 ) Total redeemable preferred stocks 7,763 (52 ) — — 7,763 (52 ) Total investment grade securities 3,880,010 (372,087 ) 158,598 (60,549 ) 4,038,608 (432,636 ) Below investment grade securities: States, municipalities and political subdivisions — — 299 (255 ) 299 (255 ) Corporates, by sector: Financial — — 69,506 (36,282 ) 69,506 (36,282 ) Energy 7,979 (1,854 ) 61,175 (29,678 ) 69,154 (31,532 ) Metals and mining 4,551 (5,414 ) 17,679 (22,247 ) 22,230 (27,661 ) Other corporate sectors 81,368 (12,492 ) 63,307 (8,503 ) 144,675 (20,995 ) Total corporates 93,898 (19,760 ) 211,667 (96,710 ) 305,565 (116,470 ) Collateralized debt obligations — — 10,562 (9,438 ) 10,562 (9,438 ) Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Financial — — 22,374 (4,781 ) 22,374 (4,781 ) Total redeemable preferred stocks — — 22,374 (4,781 ) 22,374 (4,781 ) Total below investment grade securities 93,898 (19,760 ) 244,902 (111,184 ) 338,800 (130,944 ) Total fixed maturities $ 3,973,908 $ (391,847 ) $ 403,500 $ (171,733 ) $ 4,377,408 $ (563,580 ) ANALYSIS OF GROSS UNREALIZED INVESTMENT LOSSES At December 31, 2014 Less than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total Description of Securities Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fair Value Unrealized Loss Fixed maturities available for sale: Investment grade securities: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 4,478 $ (7 ) $ 149,238 $ (3,176 ) $ 153,716 $ (3,183 ) States, municipalities and political subdivisions 5,632 (206 ) 20,363 (348 ) 25,995 (554 ) Foreign governments — — 800 (1 ) 800 (1 ) Corporates, by sector: Financial 7,928 (25 ) 28,202 (372 ) 36,130 (397 ) Utilities 4,678 (41 ) 111,993 (2,904 ) 116,671 (2,945 ) Energy 201,509 (12,423 ) 101,457 (9,218 ) 302,966 (21,641 ) Metals and mining 69,959 (3,592 ) 16,078 (943 ) 86,037 (4,535 ) Other corporate sectors 117,743 (1,006 ) 392,029 (12,255 ) 509,772 (13,261 ) Total corporates 401,817 (17,087 ) 649,759 (25,692 ) 1,051,576 (42,779 ) Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Financial 1,008 (1 ) — — 1,008 (1 ) Utilities — — 1,644 (23 ) 1,644 (23 ) Total redeemable preferred stocks 1,008 (1 ) 1,644 (23 ) 2,652 (24 ) Total investment grade securities 412,935 (17,301 ) 821,804 (29,240 ) 1,234,739 (46,541 ) Below investment grade securities: States, municipalities and political subdivisions — — 393 (164 ) 393 (164 ) Corporates, by sector: Financial — — 94,069 (11,739 ) 94,069 (11,739 ) Other corporate sectors 32,940 (404 ) 67,117 (5,958 ) 100,057 (6,362 ) Total corporates 32,940 (404 ) 161,186 (17,697 ) 194,126 (18,101 ) Collateralized debt obligations — — 11,190 (8,809 ) 11,190 (8,809 ) Redeemable preferred stocks, by sector: Financial — — 57,339 (5,007 ) 57,339 (5,007 ) Total redeemable preferred stocks — — 57,339 (5,007 ) 57,339 (5,007 ) Total below investment grade securities 32,940 (404 ) 230,108 (31,677 ) 263,048 (32,081 ) Total fixed maturities $ 445,875 $ (17,705 ) $ 1,051,912 $ (60,917 ) $ 1,497,787 $ (78,622 ) Gross unrealized losses rose from $79 million at year end 2014 to $564 million at year end 2015 , an increased gross unrealized loss of $485 million . During 2015 , the increase in gross unrealized losses was partially attributable to rising interest rates in the financial markets, but also resulted from deteriorating conditions in the energy and metals and mining sectors. The energy sector accounted for $197 million of the 2015 increase in gross unrealized losses from 2014, while metals and mining contributed $86 million of additional gross unrealized losses. Financial sector investments, our largest sector holdings at 25% of the portfolio at fair value at year end 2015 , were also affected by the poor economic environment, adding another $43 million of gross unrealized losses during 2015 . Additional information about investments in an unrealized loss position is as follows: Less than Twelve Total Number of issues (CUSIP numbers) held: As of December 31, 2015 480 75 555 As of December 31, 2014 80 173 253 Torchmark’s entire fixed-maturity and equity portfolio consisted of 1,568 issues at December 31, 2015 and 1,604 issues at December 31, 2014 . The weighted-average quality rating of all unrealized loss positions was BBB+ for both 2015 and 2014 . The weighted-average quality ratings are based on amortized cost. Other investment information : Other long-term investments consist of the following: Year Ended December 31, 2015 2014 Investment in limited partnerships $ 31,409 $ 3,236 Low-income housing interests 3,767 5,370 Other 1,627 1,843 Total $ 36,803 $ 10,449 Torchmark did not have any invested assets that were non-income producing during the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 . Concentrations of Credit Risk : Torchmark maintains a diversified investment portfolio with limited concentration in any given issuer. At December 31, 2015 , the investment portfolio, at fair value, consisted of the following: Investment grade fixed maturities: Corporate securities 79 % Securities of state and municipal governments 10 Government-sponsored enterprises 2 Other 1 Below investment grade fixed maturities: Corporate securities 3 Other 1 Policy loans, which are secured by the underlying insurance policy values 3 Other investments 1 100 % As of December 31, 2015 , securities of state and municipal governments represented 10% of invested assets at fair value. Such investments are made throughout the U.S. At year end 2015 , the state and municipal bond portfolio at fair value was invested in securities issued within the following states: Texas ( 30% ), Ohio ( 7% ), Washington ( 7% ), Illinois ( 6% ), and Alabama ( 5% ). Otherwise, there was no significant concentration within any given state greater than 5% . Corporate debt securities and redeemable preferred stocks represent 82% of Torchmark's investment portfolio. These investments are spread across a wide range of industries. Below are the ten largest industry concentrations held in the corporate portfolio of corporate debt securities and redeemable preferred stocks at December 31, 2015 , based on fair value: Insurance 18 % Electric utilities 15 Oil and natural gas pipelines 6 Banks 6 Transportation 5 Chemicals 4 Oil and natural gas exploration and production 4 Gas utilities 3 Real estate investment trusts 3 Mining 3 At year end 2015 , 4% of invested assets at fair value were represented by fixed maturities rated below investment grade (BB+ or lower as determined by the weighted average of available ratings from rating services). Par value of these investments was $720 million , amortized cost was $640 million , and fair value was $533 million . While these investments could be subject to additional credit risk, such risk should generally be reflected in their fair value. |