Investments | Note 4—Investments Portfolio Composition : Summaries of fixed maturities available for sale by amortized cost, fair value, and allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the corresponding amounts of gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are as follows. Redeemable preferred stock is included within "Corporates, by sector." At December 31, 2021 Amortized Allowance for Credit Losses Gross Gross Fair Value (1) % of Total Fixed Maturities (2) Fixed maturities available for sale: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 383,083 $ — $ 64,513 $ (164) $ 447,432 2 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 2,252,997 — 239,135 (2,907) 2,489,225 12 Foreign governments 59,861 — 900 (5,132) 55,629 — Corporates, by sector: Financial 4,569,160 (387) 907,741 (9,349) 5,467,165 26 Utilities 1,931,391 — 490,119 (1,012) 2,420,498 11 Energy 1,587,892 — 346,780 (1,683) 1,932,989 9 Other corporate sectors 6,879,459 — 1,454,464 (13,362) 8,320,561 39 Total corporates 14,967,902 (387) 3,199,104 (25,406) 18,141,213 85 Collateralized debt obligations 36,468 — 27,037 — 63,505 — Other asset-backed securities 104,998 — 3,715 (430) 108,283 1 Total fixed maturities $ 17,805,309 $ (387) $ 3,534,404 $ (34,039) $ 21,305,287 100 (1) Amount reported in the balance sheet. (2) At fair value. At December 31, 2020 Amortized Allowance for Credit Losses Gross Gross Fair Value (1) % of Total Fixed Maturities (2) Fixed maturities available for sale: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 380,602 $ — $ 87,272 $ (43) $ 467,831 2 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 1,880,607 — 251,291 (315) 2,131,583 10 Foreign governments 52,913 — 2,635 (898) 54,650 — Corporates, by sector: Financial 4,404,203 — 1,016,813 (24,221) 5,396,795 26 Utilities 1,975,460 — 608,595 (108) 2,583,947 12 Energy 1,623,970 (3,346) 346,197 (3,083) 1,963,738 9 Other corporate sectors 6,687,644 — 1,727,366 (6,218) 8,408,792 40 Total corporates 14,691,277 (3,346) 3,698,971 (33,630) 18,353,272 87 Collateralized debt obligations 57,007 — 23,460 (8,869) 71,598 — Other asset-backed securities 134,739 — 3,614 (3,778) 134,575 1 Total fixed maturities $ 17,197,145 $ (3,346) $ 4,067,243 $ (47,533) $ 21,213,509 100 (1) Amount reported in the balance sheet. (2) At fair value. A schedule of fixed maturities available for sale by contractual maturity date at December 31, 2021, is shown below on an amortized cost basis, net of allowance for credit losses, and on a fair value basis. Actual disposition dates could differ from contractual maturities due to call or prepayment provisions. At December 31, 2021 Amortized Fair Fixed maturities available for sale: Due in one year or less $ 98,115 $ 99,760 Due after one year through five years 900,326 995,569 Due after five years through ten years 1,757,273 2,083,816 Due after ten years through twenty years 6,862,449 8,653,145 Due after twenty years 8,045,149 9,301,053 Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities 141,610 171,944 $ 17,804,922 $ 21,305,287 Analysis of investment operations: "Net investment income" for the three years ended December 31, 2021, is summarized as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019 Fixed maturities available for sale $ 892,421 $ 873,352 $ 864,280 Policy loans 45,318 44,801 43,434 Other long-term investments (1) 35,838 26,196 16,198 Short-term investments 24 545 2,592 973,601 944,894 926,504 Less investment expense (21,154) (17,832) (16,045) Net investment income $ 952,447 $ 927,062 $ 910,459 (1) For the years ended 2021, 2020 and 2019, the investment funds, accounted for under the fair value option method, recorded $26.7 million, $15.3 million and $5.6 million, respectively in net investment income. An analysis of "realized gains (losses)" is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019 Realized investment gains (losses): Fixed maturities available for sale: Sales and other (1) $ 34,916 $ (22,999) $ 19,354 Provision for credit losses 2,959 (3,346) — Investment funds—fair value option 22,918 1,045 1,256 Other investments 7,840 21,563 11 Realized gains (losses) from investments 68,633 (3,737) 20,621 Realized loss on redemption of debt (2) (9,314) (634) — 59,319 (4,371) 20,621 Applicable tax (12,457) 1,955 (4,330) Realized gains (losses), net of tax $ 46,862 $ (2,416) $ 16,291 (1) For the years ended 2021, 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded $109.2 million, $219.8 million and $243.2 million of exchanges of fixed maturities (noncash transactions) that resulted in $25.2 million, $7.9 million, and $20.5 million, respectively in realized gains (losses). (2) Refer to Note 11—Debt for further discussion . Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019 Change in investment gains (losses) on: Fixed maturities available for sale $ (519,345) $ 1,528,339 $ 1,946,910 Selected information about sales of fixed maturities available for sale is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 2019 Fixed maturities available for sale: Proceeds from sales (1) $ 116,656 $ 52,681 $ 79,108 Gross realized gains 1,848 2,642 1,227 Gross realized losses (12,101) (39,153) (3,674) (1) There were no unsettled sales in the periods ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019. Fair value measurements: The following tables represent the fair value of fixed maturities measured on a recurring basis at December 31, 2021 and 2020: Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2021: Quoted Prices in Significant Other Significant Total Fair Fixed maturities available for sale U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ — $ 447,432 $ — $ 447,432 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions — 2,489,225 — 2,489,225 Foreign governments — 55,629 — 55,629 Corporates, by sector: Financial — 5,303,547 163,618 5,467,165 Utilities — 2,266,231 154,267 2,420,498 Energy — 1,919,416 13,573 1,932,989 Other corporate sectors — 8,010,331 310,230 8,320,561 Total corporates — 17,499,525 641,688 18,141,213 Collateralized debt obligations — — 63,505 63,505 Other asset-backed securities — 108,283 — 108,283 Total fixed maturities $ — $ 20,600,094 $ 705,193 $ 21,305,287 Percentage of total — % 97 % 3 % 100 % Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2020: Quoted Prices in Significant Other Significant Total Fair Fixed maturities available for sale U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ — $ 467,831 $ — $ 467,831 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions — 2,131,583 — 2,131,583 Foreign governments — 54,650 — 54,650 Corporates, by sector: Financial — 5,222,066 174,729 5,396,795 Utilities — 2,400,602 183,345 2,583,947 Energy — 1,925,549 38,189 1,963,738 Other corporate sectors — 8,090,550 318,242 8,408,792 Total corporates — 17,638,767 714,505 18,353,272 Collateralized debt obligations — — 71,598 71,598 Other asset-backed securities — 121,705 12,870 134,575 Total fixed maturities $ — $ 20,414,536 $ 798,973 $ 21,213,509 Percentage of total — % 96 % 4 % 100 % The following tables represent changes in fixed maturities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): Analysis of Changes in Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) Asset- Collateralized Corporates Total Balance at January 1, 2019 $ 12,982 $ 73,369 $ 553,471 $ 639,822 Included in realized gains/losses — — 396 396 Included in other comprehensive income 708 1,514 30,378 32,600 Acquisitions (1) — — — — Sales — — — — Amortization — 4,596 13 4,609 Other (2) (513) (5,375) (19,154) (25,042) Transfers into Level 3 (3) — — 107,024 107,024 Transfers out of Level 3 (3) — — — — Balance at December 31, 2019 13,177 74,104 672,128 759,409 Included in realized gains/losses — — 1,579 1,579 Included in other comprehensive income (173) (2,523) 17,082 14,386 Acquisitions (1) — — 67,820 67,820 Sales — — — — Amortization — 4,551 12 4,563 Other (2) (134) (4,534) (44,116) (48,784) Transfers into Level 3 (3) — — — — Transfers out of Level 3 (3) — — — — Balance at December 31, 2020 12,870 71,598 714,505 798,973 Included in realized gains/losses (82) (6,787) 3,275 (3,594) Included in other comprehensive income 63 12,447 (20,818) (8,308) Acquisitions (1) — — 25,000 25,000 Sales (12,851) (13,213) — (26,064) Amortization — 4,505 9 4,514 Other (2) — (5,045) (80,283) (85,328) Transfers into Level 3 (3) — — — — Transfers out of Level 3 (3) — — — — Balance at December 31, 2021 $ — $ 63,505 $ 641,688 $ 705,193 Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for assets held at the end of the reporting period: Asset- Collateralized Corporates Total 2019 $ 708 $ 1,514 $ 30,378 $ 32,600 2020 (173) (2,523) 17,082 14,386 2021 63 12,447 (20,818) (8,308) (1) Acquisitions of Level 3 investments in each of the years 2019 through 2021 are comprised of private placement fixed maturities and equities. (2) Includes capitalized interest, foreign exchange adjustments, and principal repayments. (3) Considered to be transferred at the end of the period. Transfers between levels within the hierarchy occur when there are changes in the observability of the inputs and market data. Transfers into Level 3 occur when there is little unobservable market activity for the asset/liability as of the measurement date and the Company is required to rely upon internally-developed assumptions or third-parties. Transfers out of Level 3 occur when quoted prices in active markets becomes available for identical assets/ liabilities or the ability to corroborate by observable market data. The following table represents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements: Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements As of December 31, 2021 Fair Value Valuation Significant Unobservable Range Weighted- Average (1) Private placement fixed maturities $ 539,880 Determination of credit spread Credit rating A+ to B- BBB Discounted Cash Flows Discount rate 1.36% - 8.85% 3.05% Other corporate bonds 101,808 Present Value Techniques Market Quotes 100.25% 100.25% Collateralized debt obligations 63,505 Discounted Cash Flows Discount rate 6.45% 6.45% $ 705,193 (1) Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative fair value of the instruments. The private placement fixed maturities reported as Level 3, are managed by third-party investment managers. These securities are valued based on the contractual cash flows discounted by a yield determined as a treasury benchmark adjusted for a credit spread. The credit spread is developed from observable indices for similar public fixed maturities and unobservable indices for private fixed maturities for corresponding credit ratings. However, the credit ratings for the securities are considered unobservable inputs, as they are assigned by the third-party investment manager based on a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the credit underwritten. A higher (lower) credit rating would result in a higher (lower) valuation. The collateral underlying collateralized debt obligations consists primarily of trust preferred securities issued by banks and insurance companies. Collateralized debt obligations are valued at the present value of expected future cash flows using an unobservable discount rate. Expected cash flows are determined by scheduling the projected repayment of the collateral assuming no future defaults, deferrals, or recoveries. The discount rate is risk-adjusted to take these items into account. A significant increase (decrease) in the discount rate will produce a significant decrease (increase) in fair value. Additionally, a significant increase (decrease) in the cash flow expectations would result in a significant increase (decrease) in fair value. For more information regarding valuation procedures, please refer to Note 1—Significant Accounting Policies under the caption Fair Value Measurements, Investments in Securities . Other corporate bonds consist of obligations issued out of a special purpose vehicle (SPV). The market quotes consisted of Level 3 quotes. An increase (decrease) in the market quotes will produce an increase (decrease) in fair value. Unrealized Loss Analysis : The following table discloses information about fixed maturities available for sale in an unrealized loss position. Less than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total Number of issues (CUSIPs) held: As of December 31, 2021 138 42 180 As of December 31, 2020 54 24 78 Globe Life's entire fixed maturity portfolio consisted of 2,060 issues by 843 different issuers at December 31, 2021 and 1,900 issues by 777 different issuers at December 31, 2020. The weighted-average quality rating of all unrealized loss positions at amortized cost was A- and BBB- as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The following tables disclose unrealized investment losses by class and major sector of fixed maturities available for sale at December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Analysis of Gross Unrealized Investment Losses At December 31, 2021 Less than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fixed maturities available for sale: Investment grade securities: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 118 $ (1) $ 3,867 $ (163) $ 3,985 $ (164) States, municipalities and political subdivisions 141,310 (2,824) 2,436 (83) 143,746 (2,907) Foreign governments 12,567 (561) 23,144 (4,571) 35,711 (5,132) Corporates, by sector: Financial 133,654 (1,507) 52,864 (1,932) 186,518 (3,439) Utilities 25,447 (692) 2,372 (320) 27,819 (1,012) Energy 6,519 (238) — — 6,519 (238) Other corporate sectors 115,444 (3,566) 40,249 (3,670) 155,693 (7,236) Total corporates 281,064 (6,003) 95,485 (5,922) 376,549 (11,925) Collateralized debt obligations — — — — — — Other asset-backed securities 10,489 (16) 1 — 10,490 (16) Total investment grade securities 445,548 (9,405) 124,933 (10,739) 570,481 (20,144) Below investment grade securities: States, municipalities and political subdivisions — — — — — — Corporates, by sector: Financial 15,695 (272) 56,897 (5,638) 72,592 (5,910) Utilities — — — — — — Energy — — 26,639 (1,445) 26,639 (1,445) Other corporate sectors 700 (11) 26,581 (6,115) 27,281 (6,126) Total corporates 16,395 (283) 110,117 (13,198) 126,512 (13,481) Collateralized debt obligations — — — — — — Other asset-backed securities — — 13,043 (414) 13,043 (414) Total below investment grade securities 16,395 (283) 123,160 (13,612) 139,555 (13,895) Total fixed maturities $ 461,943 $ (9,688) $ 248,093 $ (24,351) $ 710,036 $ (34,039) Gross unrealized losses may fluctuate quarter over quarter due to adverse factors in the market that affect our holdings, such as changes in interest rates or credit spreads. The Company considers many factors when determining whether an allowance for a credit loss should be recorded. While the Company holds securities that may be in an unrealized loss position from time to time, Globe Life does not intend to sell and it is likely that management will not be required to sell the fixed maturities prior to their anticipated recovery or maturity due to the strong cash flows generated by its insurance operations. Analysis of Gross Unrealized Investment Losses At December 31, 2020 Less than Twelve Months Twelve Months or Longer Total Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fair Unrealized Fixed maturities available for sale: Investment grade securities: U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises $ 2,006 $ (43) $ — $ — $ 2,006 $ (43) States, municipalities and political subdivisions 32,910 (315) — — 32,910 (315) Foreign governments 19,532 (898) — — 19,532 (898) Corporates, by sector: Financial 117,762 (2,564) 6,333 (2,168) 124,095 (4,732) Utilities 2,726 (108) — — 2,726 (108) Energy 1,692 (8) 14,871 (106) 16,563 (114) Other corporate sectors 21,882 (720) — — 21,882 (720) Total corporates 144,062 (3,400) 21,204 (2,274) 165,266 (5,674) Collateralized debt obligations — — — — — — Other asset-backed securities 28,864 (1,051) 5 — 28,869 (1,051) Total investment grade securities 227,374 (5,707) 21,209 (2,274) 248,583 (7,981) Below investment grade securities: States, municipalities and political subdivisions — — — — — — Corporates, by sector: Financial 6,822 (36) 115,093 (19,453) 121,915 (19,489) Utilities — — — — — — Energy 18,432 (757) 38,720 (2,212) 57,152 (2,969) Other corporate sectors 25,711 (3,588) 19,516 (1,910) 45,227 (5,498) Total corporates 50,965 (4,381) 173,329 (23,575) 224,294 (27,956) Collateralized debt obligations — — 11,131 (8,869) 11,131 (8,869) Other asset-backed securities — — 11,223 (2,727) 11,223 (2,727) Total below investment grade securities 50,965 (4,381) 195,683 (35,171) 246,648 (39,552) Total fixed maturities $ 278,339 $ (10,088) $ 216,892 $ (37,445) $ 495,231 $ (47,533) Fixed Maturities, Allowance for Credit Losses : A summary of the activity in the allowance for credit losses is as follows. Refer to Note 1 for factors considered in the recording of the allowance for credit losses. Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 Allowance for credit losses beginning balance $ 3,346 $ — Additions to allowance for which credit losses were not previously recorded 387 36,065 Additions (reductions) to allowance for fixed maturities that previously had an allowance — — Reduction of allowance for which the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell or sold during the period (3,346) (32,719) Allowance for credit losses ending balance $ 387 $ 3,346 As of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company did not have any fixed maturities in non-accrual status. Concentrations of Credit Risk : Globe Life maintains a diversified investment portfolio with limited concentration in any given issuer. At December 31, 2021, the investment portfolio, at fair value, consisted of the following: Investment grade fixed maturities: Corporates 77 % States, municipalities, and political subdivisions 11 U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises 2 Other 1 Below investment grade fixed maturities: Corporates 3 States, municipalities, and political subdivisions — U.S. Government direct, guaranteed, and government-sponsored enterprises — Other — 94 Other Policy loans, which are secured by the underlying insurance policy values 2 Other investments 4 100 % As of December 31, 2021, state and municipal governments represented 11% of invested assets at fair value. Such investments are made throughout the U.S. At December 31, 2021, the state and municipal bond portfolio at fair value was invested in securities issued within the following states: Texas (22%), New York (10%), California (10%), Michigan (7%), Ohio (5%), and Florida (4%). Otherwise, there was no concentration within any given state greater than 4%. Corporate fixed maturities represent 80% of Globe Life's invested assets. These investments are spread across a wide range of industries. Below are the ten largest industry concentrations held in the portfolio of corporate fixed maturities at December 31, 2021, based on fair value: Insurance 16 % Electric utilities 10 Banks 7 Oil and natural gas pipelines 6 Chemicals 5 Transportation 4 Real estate investment trusts 4 Food 4 Oil and natural gas exploration and production 4 Telecommunications 3 At December 31, 2021, 3% of invested assets at fair value were represented by fixed maturities rated below investment grade. Par value of these investments was $795 million, amortized cost was $702 million, and fair value was $783 million. While these investments could be subject to additional credit risk, such risk should generally be reflected in their fair value. Securities, cash, and short-term investments held on deposit with various state and federal regulatory authorities had an amortized cost and fair value, respectively, of $969 million and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2021 and $892 million and $1.1 billion at December 31, 2020. Other Long-Term Investments : Other long-term investments consist of the following assets: December 31, 2021 2020 Investment funds $ 640,263 $ 385,038 Commercial mortgage loan participations 141,843 160,602 Other 11,819 1,341 Total $ 793,925 $ 546,981 The following table presents additional information about the Company's investment funds as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 at fair value: December 31, Fair Value Unfunded Commitments Investment Category 2021 2020 2021 Redemption Term/Notice Commercial mortgage loans $ 423,776 $ 227,050 $ 237,631 Fully redeemable and non-redeemable with varying terms. Opportunistic credit 178,215 157,461 — Initial 2 year lock on each new investment/semi-annual withdrawals thereafter/full redemption within 36 month period. Other 38,272 527 212,286 Fully redeemable with varying terms and non-redeemable. Total investment funds $ 640,263 $ 385,038 $ 449,917 The Company committed to two new investment funds during the calendar year. The Company had $234 million of capital called during the year from existing investment funds, reducing our unfunded commitments. Our unfunded commitments were $450 million as of December 31, 2021. Commercial mortgage loan participations (commercial mortgage loans): Summaries of commercial mortgage loans at December 31, 2021 and 2020 are as follows: 2021 2020 Carrying Value % of Total Carrying Value % of Total Property type: Mixed use $ 57,996 41 $ 49,002 31 Hospitality 23,186 16 22,605 14 Retail 19,811 14 19,319 12 Industrial 17,900 13 17,900 11 Multi-family 14,872 11 19,128 12 Office 8,905 6 36,153 22 Total recorded investment 142,670 101 164,107 102 Less allowance for credit losses (827) (1) (3,505) (2) Carrying value, net of valuation allowance $ 141,843 100 $ 160,602 100 2021 2020 Carrying Value % of Total Carrying Value % of Total Geographic location: California $ 67,659 48 $ 61,610 38 New York 18,373 13 16,602 10 Pennsylvania 11,673 8 11,314 7 Indiana 9,717 7 9,717 6 Florida 8,213 6 12,420 8 Texas 5,898 4 4,215 3 Other (1) 21,137 15 48,229 30 Total recorded investment 142,670 101 164,107 102 Less allowance for credit losses (827) (1) (3,505) (2) Carrying value, net of valuation allowance $ 141,843 100 $ 160,602 100 (1) Included in 2020, was one loan in Virginia with a carrying value of $27 million and reported in Other in the table above. The loan was paid off during 2021, resulting in a zero balance for loans in Virginia as of December 31, 2021. The following table is reflective of Management's internal risk ratings of the loan portfolio. Loans are rated low, moderate, and high. The risk categories consider many different factors such as quality of asset, borrower status, as well as macroeconomic factors including COVID-19. These loans, originated in 2017 to 2021, are transitional or under construction and may not yet be income producing. Certain ratios such as loan to value and debt service coverage ratios may not be evaluated as the value of the underlying transitional property significantly fluctuates based on completion of the project. Net Book Value of Commercial Mortgage Loans Receivable by Year of Origination As of December 31, 2021 Risk Rating: Number of Loans 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Total Low 14 $ — $ 23,636 $ 11,925 $ 41,209 $ 35,729 $ 112,499 Medium 6 — 1,400 17,173 — — 18,573 High 2 — — 4,593 7,005 — 11,598 Total commercial mortgage loans 22 $ — $ 25,036 $ 33,691 $ 48,214 $ 35,729 142,670 Less allowance for credit losses on the investment pool (827) Less allowance for credit losses on individual loans — Carrying value, net of valuation allowance $ 141,843 Net Book Value of Commercial Mortgage Loans Receivable by Year of Origination As of December 31, 2020 Risk Rating: Number of Loans 2020 2019 2018 2017 Total Low 17 $ 20,176 $ 14,757 $ 33,132 $ 61,460 $ 129,525 Medium 4 — 10,640 7,796 — 18,436 High 3 — 4,554 11,592 — 16,146 Total commercial mortgage loans 24 $ 20,176 $ 29,951 $ 52,520 $ 61,460 164,107 Less allowance for credit losses on the investment pool (2,503) Less allowance for credit losses on individual loans (1,002) Carrying value, net of valuation allowance $ 160,602 As of December 31, 2021, the Company evaluated the commercial mortgage loan portfolio on a pool basis to determine the allowance for credit losses. At the end of the period, the Company had 22 loans in the portfolio. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the allowance for credit losses decreased by $2.7 million to $827 thousand. The provision for credit losses is included in "Realized gains (losses)" in the Consolidated Statements of Operations . Year Ended December 31, 2021 2020 Allowance for credit losses beginning balance $ 3,505 $ — Cumulative effect of adoption ASU 2016-13 — 335 Provision (reversal) for credit losses (2,678) 3,170 Allowance for credit losses ending balance $ 827 $ 3,505 There were no delinquent commercial mortgage loans as of December 31, 2021, compared with one delinquent commercial mortgage at December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had one commercial mortgage loan in non-accrual status. |