Stock Based Compensation | Note 4. Stock Based Compensation The Company follows ASC 718 in establishing standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, as well as transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments. ASC 718 requires that the cost resulting from all share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements based on the fair value of the share-based payment. ASC 718 establishes fair value as the measurement objective in accounting for share-based payment transactions with employees, except for equity instruments held by employee share ownership plans. Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the statements of comprehensive income for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $52,776 and $47,167, respectively, before income taxes. The amount of this stock-based compensation expense related to non-qualified stock options (“NQSO”) for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, was $7,366 and $12,988, respectively. The deferred tax benefit related to the NQSO’s as of September 30, 2021 and 2020 was approximately $1,547 and $2,727, respectively. The remaining stock option expense in each year related to incentive stock options (“ISO”) which are not deductible by the corporation when exercised, assuming a qualifying disposition and as such no deferred tax benefit was established related to these amounts. As of September 30, 2021, there was approximately $235,350 of unrecognized compensation cost related to stock option awards that is expected to be recognized as expense over the next 1.75 years, of which $220,722 relates to ISO’s and $14,628 relates to NQSO’s. The total deferred tax benefit related to these awards is expected to be $3,072. The Company has one employee stock option plan under which options or stock awards may be granted, the 2017 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan (the "2017 Plan"). The Board of Directors may grant options to acquire shares of common stock to employees and non-employee directors of the Company at the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. The maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock subject to options or awards to non-employee directors is 133,000 and the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock subject to options or awards granted to non-employee directors during any single fiscal year is the lesser of 13,300 and 33 1/3 7 Index ASC 718 requires the use of a valuation model to calculate the fair value of stock-based awards. The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes option valuation model, which incorporates various assumptions including those for dividend yield, volatility, expected life and interest rates. The table below outlines the weighted average assumptions that the Company used to calculate the fair value of each option award for the three months ended September 30, 2021. There were no options awarded for the three months ended September 30, 2020. September 30, 2021 Dividend yield —% Company’s expected volatility 25.50% Risk-free interest rate 0.89% Expected term 5.4 yrs Weighted average fair value per share of options granted during the period $3.73 Effective March 9, 2021, the Company suspended the payment of its regular quarterly dividend. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, the Company declared cash dividends of $0.25 per share. Expected stock price volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury issues with an equivalent term approximating the expected life of the options. The expected option term (in years) represents the estimated period of time until exercise and is based on actual historical experience. The following table summarizes stock option activity during the three months ended September 30, 2021: Employee Stock Options Plan Weighted Number of Weighted Average Shares Average Remaining Aggregate Subject Exercise Contractual Intrinsic to Option Price Term Value Balance at July 1, 2021 304,662 $ 23.37 6.06 Granted 68,350 $ 14.87 9.76 Exercised — — — Forfeited or expired (28,500) $ 23.84 — Outstanding at September 30, 2021 344,512 $ 21.64 6.85 $ 0 Vested or expected to vest at September 30, 2021 315,123 $ 22.06 6.63 $ 0 Exercisable at September 30, 2021 178,512 $ 25.58 4.74 $ 0 The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value (the difference between the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock as reported on the NYSE American on September 30, 2021 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders if all option holders had exercised their options on September 30, 2021. This amount changes based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock. The intrinsic value of options exercised during the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 was $0, resulting from no option exercise activity during those periods. 8 Index The following table summarizes changes in non-vested stock options during the three months ended September 30, 2021: Weighted Number Average of Shares Subject to Option Grant Date Fair Value (per Option) Non-vested at July 1, 2021 103,450 $ 2.22 Granted 68,350 $ 3.73 Vested — — Forfeited or expired (5,800) $ 2.36 Non-vested at September 30, 2021 166,000 $ 2.84 |