SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 2. Principles of Consolidation: The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Matson, Inc. and all wholly-owned subsidiaries, after elimination of intercompany amounts and transactions. Significant investments in businesses, partnerships, and limited liability companies in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method. A controlling financial interest is one in which the Company has a majority voting interest or one in which the Company is the primary beneficiary of a variable interest entity. The Company accounts for its investment in the Terminal Joint Venture using the equity method of accounting (see Note 4). The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts and activities of Span Alaska from acquisition date on August 4, 2016 (see Note 18). Fiscal Year: The period end for Matson, Inc. is December 31. The period end for MatNav occurred on the last Friday in December, except for Matson Logistics Warehousing, Inc. whose period closed on December 31. Included in these Consolidated Financial Statements are 52 weeks in the 2018 and 2017 fiscal years, and 53 weeks in the 2016 fiscal year, for MatNav. Foreign Currency Transactions: The United States (U.S.) dollar is the functional currency for substantially all of the financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates existing at the respective balance sheet dates. Translation adjustments resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss (gain) within shareholders’ equity. The Company translates the result of operations of its foreign subsidiaries at the average exchange rate during the respective periods. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in selling, general and administrative costs in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Use of Estimates: The preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Estimates and assumptions are used for, but not limited to: impairment of investments; impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill; capitalized interest; allowance for doubtful accounts; legal contingencies; uninsured risks and related liabilities; accrual estimates; pension and post-retirement estimates; multi-employer withdrawal liabilities; and income taxes. Future results could be materially affected if actual results differ from these estimates and assumptions. Immaterial Correction of an Error in Previously Issued Financial Statements: Subsequent to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company determined that it had incurred a partial withdrawal liability related to the Office & Professional Employees International Union (“OPEIU”), Local 153 Pension Fund (the “Local 153 Fund”). The partial withdrawal liability resulted from a decline in the number of contribution base units related to the Local 153 Fund caused by Horizon Lines, Inc. (“Horizon”) terminating all of its operations in Puerto Rico during the first quarter of 2015, prior to the Company acquiring Horizon on May 29, 2015. Accordingly, the Company corrected this error by recording an increase in other long-term liabilities of $6.7 million, a reduction in deferred income taxes of $2.6 million, and a corresponding net adjustment to goodwill of $4.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the $2.6 million deferred income taxes adjustment was reduced by $1.0 million to reflect the remeasurement tax effects resulting from the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”). This had the corresponding effect of increasing income taxes and decreasing net income by $1.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2107. There was no impact to net income for any other years presented. The misstatement had no net impact on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The Company believes the correction of this error is immaterial to previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements for all prior periods. Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: Cash equivalents consist of highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company carries these investments at cost, which approximates fair value. Outstanding checks in excess of funds on deposit totaled $16.4 million and $18.7 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and are included in current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Restricted cash relates to amounts that are subject to contractual restrictions and are not readily available. Restricted cash was $4.9 million at December 31, 2018, and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. There were no restricted cash amounts at December 31, 2017. Accounts Receivable, net: Accounts receivable represents amounts due from trade customers arising in the normal course of business. Accounts receivable are shown net of allowance for doubtful accounts receivable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2018, and 2017, the Company had assigned $1.0 million and $134.8 million of eligible accounts receivable, respectively, to the Capital Construction Fund (see Note 7). Allowance for Doubtful Accounts : Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable is established by management based on estimates of collectability. Estimates of collectability are principally based on an evaluation of the current financial condition of the customer and the potential risks to collection, the customer’s payment history and other factors which are regularly monitored by the Company. Changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable for the three years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 were as follows: Balance at Expense Write-offs Balance at Year (in millions) Beginning of Year (Recovery) (1) and Other End of Year 2018 $ 4.6 $ 0.8 $ (0.6) $ 4.8 2017 $ 4.2 $ 1.0 $ (0.6) $ 4.6 2016 $ 6.6 $ (0.3) $ (2.1) $ 4.2 (1) Expense is shown net of amounts recovered from previously reserved doubtful accounts. Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets: Prepaid expenses and other assets consist of the following at December 31, 2018 and 2017: As of December 31, Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets (in millions) 2018 2017 Income tax receivables $ 26.8 $ 2.6 Prepaid fuel 16.3 14.4 Prepaid insurance and insurance related receivables 12.6 19.3 Prepaid operating expenses 6.8 6.3 Restricted cash - vessel construction obligations 4.9 — Other 7.7 9.0 Total $ 75.1 $ 51.6 Other Long-Term Assets: Other long-term assets consist of the following at December 31, 2018 and 2017: As of December 31, Other Long-Term Assets (in millions) 2018 2017 Income tax receivables $ 21.5 $ 50.2 Vessel and equipment spare parts 13.1 12.7 Insurance related receivables 11.2 12.9 Deferred Charges and other 3.7 7.8 Capital construction fund - cash on deposit (see Note 7) — 0.9 Total $ 49.5 $ 84.5 Impairment of Terminal Joint Venture Investment: The Company’s investment in its Terminal Joint Venture, a related party, is reviewed for impairment annually, or whenever there is evidence that fair value may be below its carrying cost. No impairment was identified during the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Property and Equipment: Property and equipment are stated at cost. Certain costs incurred in the development of internal-use software are capitalized. Property and equipment is depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The estimated useful lives of property and equipment range up to the following maximum life: Classification Life Vessels 40 years Machinery and equipment 30 years Terminal facilities 35 years Capitalized Interest: The Company entered into agreements with shipyards for the construction of four new vessels to be utilized within the Company’s operations (see Note 5). The Company is funding the construction of these vessels through borrowings and cash flows generated by the Company. The Company determined that the construction of these vessels are considered qualifying assets for the purposes of capitalizing interest on these assets. The Company’s policy is to capitalize interest costs during the period the qualified assets are being readied for their intended use. The amount of capitalized interest is calculated based on the amount of payments incurred related to the construction of these vessels using a weighted average interest rate. The weighted average interest rate is determined using the Company’s average borrowings outstanding during the period. Capitalized interest is included in vessel construction in progress in property and equipment in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 5). During the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company capitalized $18.7 million, $7.5 million and $2.1 million of interest related to the construction of new vessels, respectively. Deferred Dry-docking Costs: U.S. flagged vessels must meet specified seaworthiness standards established by U.S. Coast Guard rules and classification society rules. These standards require U.S. flagged vessels to undergo two dry-docking inspections within a five-year period, with a maximum of 36 months between them. However, U.S. flagged vessels that are enrolled in the U.S. Coast Guard’s Underwater Survey in Lieu of Dry-docking (“UWILD”) program are allowed to have their Intermediate Survey dry-docking requirement met with a less costly underwater inspection. Non-U.S. flag vessels are required to meet applicable classification society rules and their own Port State standards for seaworthiness, which also mandate vessels to undergo two dry-docking inspections every five years. The Company is responsible for maintaining its vessels in compliance with U.S. and international standards. As costs associated with dry-docking inspections provide future economic benefits to the Company through continued operation of the vessels, the costs are deferred and amortized until the next regulatory scheduled dry-docking, which is usually over a two to five-year period. Amortization of deferred dry-docking costs are charged to operating expenses of the Ocean Transportation segment in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Routine vessel maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Goodwill and Intangible Assets: Goodwill and intangible assets arise as a result of acquisitions made by the Company (see Notes 6 and 18). Intangible assets consists of customer relationships which are being amortized using the straight-line method over the expected useful lives ranging from 3 to 21 years, and a trade name that has an indefinite life. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Intangible Assets and Goodwill : The Company evaluates its long-lived assets, including intangible assets and goodwill for possible impairment in the fourth quarter, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying amount. The Company has reporting units within the Ocean Transportation and Logistics reportable segments. Long-lived Assets and Finite-lived Intangible Assets: Long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets are grouped at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are available. In evaluating impairment, the estimated future undiscounted cash flows generated by each of these asset groups is compared with the amount recorded for each asset group to determine if its carrying value is not recoverable. If this review determines that the amount recorded will not be recovered, the amount recorded for the asset group is reduced to its estimated fair value. No impairment charges of long-lived assets and finite-lived intangible assets were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Indefinite-life Intangible Assets and Goodwill: In estimating the fair value of a reporting unit, the Company uses a combination of a discounted cash flow model and fair value based on market multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. Based upon the Company’s evaluation of its indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill for impairment, the Company determined that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeds book value. No impairment charges of indefinite-life intangible assets and goodwill were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Accruals and other liabilities: Accruals and other liabilities consist of the following at December 31, 2018 and 2017: As of December 31, Accruals and Other Liabilities (in millions) 2018 2017 Payroll and vacation related accruals $ 25.7 $ 24.7 Employee incentives and other related accruals 19.5 17.4 Uninsured risks and related liabilities - short term 9.9 15.4 Deferred revenues 5.7 5.0 Interest on debt 5.1 5.4 Multi-employer withdrawal liabilities - short term (see Note 12) 10.8 4.1 Pension and post-retirement liabilities - short term (see Note 11) 3.0 3.0 Other short-term liabilities 2.2 5.4 Total $ 81.9 $ 80.4 Other long-term liabilities: Other long-term liabilities consist of the following at December 31, 2018 and 2017: As of December 31, Other Long-Term Liabilities (in millions) 2018 2017 Pension and post-retirement liabilities (see Note 11) $ 79.4 $ 75.1 Multi-employer withdrawal liability (see Note 12) 56.6 65.1 Uninsured risks and related liabilities 27.3 29.5 Other long-term liabilities 14.0 8.5 Total $ 177.3 $ 178.2 Pension and Post-Retirement Plans: The Company is a member of the Pacific Maritime Association (“PMA”) and the Hawaii Stevedoring Industry Committee, which negotiate multi-employer pension plans covering certain shoreside bargaining unit personnel. The Company directly negotiates multi-employer pension plans covering other bargaining unit personnel. Pension costs are accrued in accordance with contribution rates established by the PMA, the parties to a plan or the trustees of a plan. Several trusteed, non-contributory, single-employer defined benefit plans and defined contribution plans cover substantially all other employees. The estimation of the Company’s pension and post-retirement benefit expenses and liabilities requires that the Company make various assumptions. These assumptions include factors such as discount rates, expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets, salary growth, health care cost trend rates, inflation, retirement rates, mortality rates, and expected contributions. Actual results that differ from the assumptions made could materially affect the Company’s financial condition or its future operating results. Additional information about the Company’s pension and post-retirement plans is included in Note 11. Uninsured Risks and Related Liabilities: The Company is uninsured for certain risks but when feasible, many risks are mitigated by insurance. The Company purchases insurance with deductibles or self-insured retentions. Such insurance includes, but is not limited to, employee health, workers’ compensation, marine liability, auto liability and physical damage to inland property, equipment and vessels. For certain risks, the Company elects to not purchase insurance because of excessive cost of insurance or the perceived remoteness of the risk. In addition, the Company retains all risk of loss that exceeds the limits of the Company’s insurance policies. When estimating its reserves for uninsured risks and related liabilities, the Company considers a number of factors, including historical claims experience, demographic factors, current trends, and analyses provided by independent third-parties. Periodically, management reviews its assumptions and estimates used to determine the adequacy of the Company’s reserves for uninsured risks and related liabilities. Leases: The Company recognizes operating lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company’s operating leases are more fully described in Note 9. The Company’s capital leases are de minimis and are included as part of the Company’s debt (see Note 8). Recognition of Revenues and Expenses: Revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements is presented net of elimination of intercompany transactions. The following is a description of the Company’s principal revenue generating activities by segment, and the Company’s revenue recognition policy for each activity for the periods presented: Year Ended December 31, Ocean Transportation (in millions) (1) 2018 2017 2016 Ocean Transportation services $ 1,599.3 $ 1,531.8 $ 1,504.5 Terminal and other related services 23.0 23.5 22.9 Fuel sales 12.2 9.9 7.5 Vessel management and related services 6.8 6.6 6.2 Total $ 1,641.3 $ 1,571.8 $ 1,541.1 (1) Ocean Transportation revenue transactions are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars except for less than 3 percent of Ocean Transportation services revenue and fuel sales revenue categories which are denominated in foreign currencies. § Ocean Transportation services revenue is recognized ratably over the duration of a voyage based on the relative transit time completed in each reporting period. Vessel operating costs and other ocean transportation operating costs, such as terminal operating overhead and general and administrative expenses, are charged to operating costs as incurred. § Terminal and other related services revenue is recognized as the services are performed. § Fuel sale revenue is recognized when the Company has completed delivery of the product to the customer in accordance with the terms and conditions of the contract. § Vessel management and related services revenue is recognized in proportion to the services completed. Year Ended December 31, Logistics (in millions) (1) 2018 2017 2016 Transportation Brokerage and Freight Forwarding services $ 549.1 $ 445.1 $ 373.7 Warehouse and distribution services 19.1 17.5 19.7 Supply chain management and other services 13.3 12.5 7.1 Total $ 581.5 $ 475.1 $ 400.5 (1) Logistics revenue transactions are primarily denominated in U.S. dollars except for less than 3 percent of transportation brokerage and freight forwarding services revenue, and supply chain management and other services revenue categories which are denominated in foreign currencies. § Transportation Brokerage and Freight Forwarding services revenue consists of amounts billed to customers for services provided. The primary costs include third-party purchased transportation services, labor and equipment costs. Revenue and the related purchased third-party transportation costs are recognized over the duration of a delivery based upon the relative transit time completed in each reporting period. Labor and other operating costs are expensed as incurred. The Company reports revenue on a gross basis as the Company serves as the principal in these transactions because it is responsible for fulfilling the contractual arrangements with the customer and has latitude in establishing prices. § Warehousing and distribution services revenue consist of amounts billed to customers for storage, handling, and value-added packaging of customer merchandise. Storage revenue is recognized in the month the service is provided to the customer. Storage expenses are recognized as incurred. Other warehousing and distribution services revenue and expense are recognized in proportion to the services performed. § Supply chain management and other services revenue and related costs are recognized in proportion to the services performed. The Company generally invoices its customers at the commencement of the voyage or the transportation service being provided, or as other services are being performed. Revenue is deferred when services are invoiced in advance to the customer. The Company’s receivables are classified as short-term as collection terms are for periods of less than one year. The Company expenses sales commissions and contract acquisition costs as incurred because the amounts are generally immaterial. These expenses are included in selling, general and administration expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Customer Concentration: The Ocean Transportation segment serves customers in numerous industries and carries a wide variety of cargo, mitigating its dependence upon any single customer or single type of cargo. In 2018, 2017 and 2016, the 10 largest Ocean Transportation customers accounted for approximately 24 percent, 23 percent and 24 percent of Ocean Transportation revenue, respectively. None of these customers individually account for more than 10 percent of Ocean Transportation operating revenues. The Logistics segment serves customers in numerous industries and geographical locations. In 2018, 2017 and 2016, the 10 largest logistics customers accounted for approximately 23 percent, 19 percent and 22 percent of Logistics revenue, respectively. None of these customers individually account for more than 10 percent of Logistics operating revenues. Dividends: The Company recognizes dividends as a liability when approved by the Board of Directors. Share-Based Compensation: The Company records compensation expense for all share-based awards made to employees and directors. The Company’s various stock-based compensation plans are more fully described in Note 15. Income Taxes: The Company makes certain estimates and judgments in determining income tax expense for Consolidated Financial Statement purposes. These estimates and judgments are applied in the calculation of taxable income, tax credits, tax benefits and deductions, and in the calculation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities, which arise from differences in the timing of recognition of revenue, costs and expenses for tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted to the extent necessary to reflect tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. The Company records a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, management believes that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of a recorded deferred tax asset would not be realized in future periods. Significant changes to these estimates may result in an increase or decrease to the Company’s income taxes in a subsequent period. The Company’s income taxes are more fully described in Note 10. Rounding: Amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements are rounded to millions, except for per-share calculations and percentages which were determined based on amounts before rounding. Accordingly, a recalculation of some per-share amounts and percentages, if based on the reported data, may be slightly different. New Accounting Pronouncements : Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”) : In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02 which requires lessees to record operating and finance leases on their balance sheet and disclose information related to such arrangements. ASU 2016-02 states that a lessee would recognize a lease liability for the lease payment obligation, and a right-of-use asset for the underlying leased asset for the period of the lease term. For an operating lease, the recognition of lease expense in the income statement is expected to be similar to current practice. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2018. A modified retrospective transition approach is required. The Company will adopt ASU 2016-02 effective January 1, 2019 and plans to make the following elections: · Apply the transition requirements at the effective date of January 1, 2019, with the effects, if any, of initially applying ASU 2016-02 to be recognized as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings in the period of adoption; · The package of practical expedient permitted under the transition guidance which allows the historical lease classification and initial direct costs to be carried forward; · Elect the short-term lease exception which allows the Company to exclude leases with an initial term of one year or less from recognition; · Elect to separate non-lease components; and · Elect to use a portfolio approach in applying discount rates to leases based upon the lease terms in the following categories: (i) one to five years; (ii) six to ten years; (iii) eleven to fifteen years; and (iv) sixteen years and greater, regardless of the type of asset. The Company plans to use its estimated incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the date of adoption in calculating the present value of its existing lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate will be determined using the U.S. Treasury rate adjusted to account for the Company’s credit rating and the collateralized nature of operating leases. The Company estimates that upon adoption, it will initially record a right-of-use asset of approximately $252.9 million, and a corresponding current and long-term lease liability of approximately $54.2 million and $206.4 million, respectively. The Company will also record a cumulative-effect adjustment of approximately $5.9 million to increase beginning retained earnings at January 1, 2019, as a result of adopting ASU 2016-02. The Company does not believe that the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will have any significant impact on the Company’s current earnings, liquidity or existing debt covenant requirements. The Company’s finance leases and sub-lease income are nominal to the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASU 2016-13”) : In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016‑13 which amends the current approach to estimate credit losses on certain financial assets, including trade and other receivables, available-for-sale securities and other financial instruments. ASU 2016‑13 requires entities to establish a valuation allowance for the expected lifetime losses of certain financial instruments. Subsequent changes in the valuation allowance are recorded in current earnings and reversal of previous losses is permitted. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating this new standard, but does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016‑13 to have a significant impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Revenues from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”): The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 during the three months ended March 31, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. Prior to adopting ASU 2014-09, the Company performed a review of its revenue contracts and evaluated the Company’s current accounting policies and procedures for recognizing revenues in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, and compared these to the new requirements of ASU 2014-09. In addition, the Company identified the performance obligations and consideration applicable under each contract. Based upon this evaluation, the Company determined that the impact of adopting ASU 2014-09 was de minimis because the analysis of the Company’s contracts under ASU 2014-09 supports the recognition of revenue over time as the service is performed, which is consistent with the Company’s current revenue recognition accounting policy. The majority of the Company’s contracts require the Company to provide ocean and logistics transportation services to its customers. Such services are provided by the Company over a period of time, generally, when cargo is being delivered from source to destination point, or as the service is being performed. These performance obligations are completed in a short period of time due to the nature of the services provided by the Company. Under the new standard, revenues from the majority of the Company’s contracts will continue to be recognized over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit of these services as described in ASU 2014-09. Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) (“ASU 2018-02”): ASU 2018-02 allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings for the remeasurement tax effects resulting from the Tax Act. The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2018-02 during the three months ended March 31, 2018, and recorded a reclassification adjustment of $6.0 million between accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and retained earnings (see Note 13). Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715), Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Benefit Cost (“ASU 2017-07”): ASU 2017-07 requires employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans to present the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same income statement line item as other employee compensation costs arising from services rendered, and that only the service cost component will be eligible for capitalization. The other components of the net periodic benefit cost must be presented separately from the line item that includes the service cost component and outside of the income from operations subtotal. The Company adopted ASU 2017-07 during the three months ended March 31, 2018. To conform prior year amounts to current period presentation as required by ASU 2017-07, the Company recorded retrospective adjustments and reclassified $2.1 million of income and $2.1 million of expense from costs and expenses, to other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. There was no change to income before income taxes for all years presented as a result of adopting ASU 2017‑07. Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ ASU 2017-04”) : ASU 2017-04 simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. The Company early adopted ASU 2017-04 during the three months ended December 31, 2018. The adoption of this ASU had no impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. |