Loan and Lease Financings | Loan and Lease Financings The Company evaluates loans and leases for credit quality at least annually but more frequently if certain circumstances occur (such as material new information which becomes available and indicates a potential change in credit risk). The Company uses two methods to assess credit risk: loan or lease credit quality grades and credit risk classifications. The purpose of the loan or lease credit quality grade is to document the degree of risk associated with individual credits as well as inform management of the degree of risk in the portfolio taken as a whole. Credit risk classifications are used to categorize loans by degree of risk and to designate individual or committee approval authorities for higher risk credits at the time of origination. Credit risk classifications include categories for: Acceptable, Marginal, Special Attention, Special Risk, Restricted by Policy, Regulated and Prohibited by Law. All loans and leases, except residential real estate and home equity loans and consumer loans, are assigned credit quality grades on a scale from 1 to 12 with grade 1 representing superior credit quality. The criteria used to assign grades to extensions of credit that exhibit potential problems or well-defined weaknesses are primarily based upon the degree of risk and the likelihood of orderly repayment, and their effect on the Company’s safety and soundness. Loans or leases graded 7 or weaker are considered “special attention” credits and, as such, relationships in excess of $250,000 are reviewed quarterly as part of management’s evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowance for loan and lease losses. Grade 7 credits are defined as “watch” and contain greater than average credit risk and are monitored to limit the exposure to increased risk; grade 8 credits are “special mention” and, following regulatory guidelines, are defined as having potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. Credits that exhibit well-defined weaknesses and a distinct possibility of loss are considered “classified” and are graded 9 through 12 corresponding to the regulatory definitions of “substandard” (grades 9 and 10) and the more severe “doubtful” (grade 11) and “loss” (grade 12). For residential real estate and home equity and consumer loans, credit quality is based on the aging status of the loan and by payment activity. Nonperforming loans are those loans which are on nonaccrual status or are 90 days or more past due. Below is a summary of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio segments and a discussion of the risk characteristics relevant to each portfolio segment. Commercial and agricultural – loans are to entities within the Company’s local market communities. Loans are for business or agri-business purposes and include working capital lines of credit secured by accounts receivable and inventory that are generally renewable annually and term loans secured by equipment with amortizations based on the expected life of the underlying collateral, generally three Solar – loans are for the purpose of financing solar related projects and may include construction draw notes, operating loans, letters of credit and may entail a tax equity structure. Collateral in a multi-state area includes tangible assets of the borrower, assignment of intangible assets including power purchase agreements, and pledges of permits and licenses. Financing is provided to qualified borrowers throughout the continental United States with an emphasis on the region east of the Rocky Mountains. Auto and light truck – loans are secured by vehicles and borrowers are nationwide. The portfolio predominantly consists of loans to borrowers in the auto rental and commercial auto leasing industries. Borrowers in the auto rental segment are primarily independent auto rental entities with on-airport and off-airport locations, and some insurance replacement business. Loan amortizations are relatively short, generally eighteen months, but up to four years. Auto leasing customers lease to businesses and the Company takes assignment of the lease stream and places its lien on the vehicles. Terms are generally longer than the auto rental sector, three Medium and heavy duty truck – loans and full-service truck leases are secured by heavy-duty trucks, commonly Class 8 trucks, and are generally personally guaranteed. In addition to economic risks, collateral risk is significant. Financing is generally at full cost, plus additional expenditures to get the vehicle operational, such as taxes, insurance and fees. It takes three Aircraft – loans are to domestic and foreign borrowers with the domestic segment further divided into two pools: 1) personal and business use, and 2) dealers and operators. The Company’s focus for the foreign sector is Latin America, principally Mexico and Brazil. Loans are primarily secured by new and used business jets and helicopters, with appropriate advances, amortizations of ten Construction equipment – loans are to borrowers throughout the country secured by specific equipment. The borrowers include highway and road builders, asphalt producers and pavers, suppliers of aggregate products, site developers, frac sand operations, general construction equipment dealers and operators, and crane rental entities. Generally, loans include personal guarantees. The construction equipment industry is heavily dependent on both the U.S. and global economy. Market growth is reliant on investments from public and private sectors into urbanization and infrastructure projects. Commercial real estate – loans are generally to entities within the local market communities served by the Company with advances generally within regulatory guidelines. Historically, the Company’s exposure to commercial real estate has been primarily to the less risky owner-occupied segment. The non-owner-occupied segment accounts for less than half of the commercial real estate portfolio and includes hotels, apartment complexes and warehousing facilities. There is limited exposure to construction loans. Many commercial real estate loans carry personal guarantees. Additional risks in the commercial real estate portfolio stem from geographical concentration in northern Indiana and southwest Michigan and general economic conditions. Residential real estate and home equity – loans predominantly include one-to-four family mortgages to borrowers in the Company’s local market communities and are appropriately underwritten and secured by residential real estate. Consumer – loans are to individuals in the Company’s local markets and auto loans are generally secured by personal vehicles and appropriately underwritten. The following table shows the amortized cost of loans and leases, segregated by portfolio segment, credit quality rating and year of origination as of June 30, 2023 and gross charge-offs for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Term Loans and Leases by Origination Year (Dollars in thousands) 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Commercial and agricultural Grades 1-6 $ 92,693 $ 136,814 $ 85,344 $ 49,138 $ 26,652 $ 20,633 $ 355,974 $ — $ 767,248 Grades 7-12 3,794 2,647 6,149 125 1,383 964 14,878 — 29,940 Total commercial and agricultural 96,487 139,461 91,493 49,263 28,035 21,597 370,852 — 797,188 Current period gross charge-offs — 410 — 17 4 — 141 — 572 Solar Grades 1-6 60,419 62,735 100,991 32,520 71,288 38,212 — — 366,165 Grades 7-12 — — — 1,063 5,559 4,118 — — 10,740 Total solar 60,419 62,735 100,991 33,583 76,847 42,330 — — 376,905 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Auto and light truck Grades 1-6 339,177 381,682 103,261 38,051 21,822 9,331 — — 893,324 Grades 7-12 6 1,365 384 3,636 1,008 1,331 — — 7,730 Total auto and light truck 339,183 383,047 103,645 41,687 22,830 10,662 — — 901,054 Current period gross charge-offs — — 25 5 19 63 — — 112 Medium and heavy duty truck Grades 1-6 60,076 140,322 55,507 32,536 23,782 7,411 — — 319,634 Grades 7-12 — — — — — — — — — Total medium and heavy duty truck 60,076 140,322 55,507 32,536 23,782 7,411 — — 319,634 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Aircraft Grades 1-6 83,575 403,096 237,935 193,455 51,102 50,186 7,423 — 1,026,772 Grades 7-12 2,305 9,861 8,689 5,356 — 7,357 — — 33,568 Total aircraft 85,880 412,957 246,624 198,811 51,102 57,543 7,423 — 1,060,340 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — — — — — Construction equipment Grades 1-6 239,170 408,000 169,531 85,502 43,478 12,753 18,499 2,659 979,592 Grades 7-12 4,955 19,125 2,696 1,221 1,259 73 136 3,912 33,377 Total construction equipment 244,125 427,125 172,227 86,723 44,737 12,826 18,635 6,571 1,012,969 Current period gross charge-offs — 44 1 — — — — — 45 Commercial real estate Grades 1-6 125,722 250,685 159,142 109,824 92,997 229,221 321 — 967,912 Grades 7-12 37 1,656 1,602 7,920 4,827 1,369 — — 17,411 Total commercial real estate 125,759 252,341 160,744 117,744 97,824 230,590 321 — 985,323 Current period gross charge-offs — 39 — — 179 — — — 218 Residential real estate and home equity Performing 51,492 113,812 95,910 93,079 31,885 79,994 145,455 4,462 616,089 Nonperforming — — — — 414 690 221 81 1,406 Total residential real estate and home equity 51,492 113,812 95,910 93,079 32,299 80,684 145,676 4,543 617,495 Current period gross charge-offs — — — — — 9 1 — 10 Consumer Performing 29,929 60,766 26,343 8,996 4,571 1,883 11,644 — 144,132 Nonperforming — 144 34 61 51 13 — — 303 Total consumer 29,929 60,910 26,377 9,057 4,622 1,896 11,644 — 144,435 Current period gross charge-offs $ 211 $ 274 $ 81 $ 9 $ 5 $ — $ 16 $ — $ 596 The following table shows the amortized cost of loans and leases, segregated by portfolio segment, credit quality rating and year of origination as of December 31, 2022. Term Loans and Leases by Origination Year (Dollars in thousands) 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Total Commercial and agricultural Grades 1-6 $ 159,317 $ 107,232 $ 71,365 $ 35,874 $ 17,192 $ 13,860 $ 370,553 $ — $ 775,393 Grades 7-12 4,491 5,934 60 2,094 1,644 1,040 21,375 — 36,638 Total commercial and agricultural 163,808 113,166 71,425 37,968 18,836 14,900 391,928 — 812,031 Solar Grades 1-6 109,393 113,276 35,660 72,652 18,518 20,654 — — 370,153 Grades 7-12 — — 1,091 5,678 701 3,540 — — 11,010 Total solar 109,393 113,276 36,751 78,330 19,219 24,194 — — 381,163 Auto and light truck Grades 1-6 521,399 155,508 62,063 32,975 10,946 3,476 — — 786,367 Grades 7-12 5,972 3,366 5,836 2,836 1,792 1,948 — — 21,750 Total auto and light truck 527,371 158,874 67,899 35,811 12,738 5,424 — — 808,117 Medium and heavy duty truck Grades 1-6 158,296 66,533 43,711 31,980 10,053 3,274 — — 313,847 Grades 7-12 — — — — — 15 — — 15 Total medium and heavy duty truck 158,296 66,533 43,711 31,980 10,053 3,289 — — 313,862 Aircraft Grades 1-6 438,481 273,726 213,661 57,379 31,085 35,012 3,687 — 1,053,031 Grades 7-12 12,962 4,253 6,190 — — 1,286 — — 24,691 Total aircraft 451,443 277,979 219,851 57,379 31,085 36,298 3,687 — 1,077,722 Construction equipment Grades 1-6 475,854 213,349 106,409 59,204 17,834 4,593 23,310 2,754 903,307 Grades 7-12 20,709 7,757 2,483 1,878 313 32 583 1,441 35,196 Total construction equipment 496,563 221,106 108,892 61,082 18,147 4,625 23,893 4,195 938,503 Commercial real estate Grades 1-6 271,526 164,173 121,685 97,470 102,271 168,391 251 — 925,767 Grades 7-12 1,532 1,716 7,824 5,789 47 1,070 — — 17,978 Total commercial real estate 273,058 165,889 129,509 103,259 102,318 169,461 251 — 943,745 Residential real estate and home equity Performing 115,154 100,690 97,205 34,498 6,864 81,653 142,724 4,115 582,903 Nonperforming — 131 693 — — 725 180 105 1,834 Total residential real estate and home equity 115,154 100,821 97,898 34,498 6,864 82,378 142,904 4,220 584,737 Consumer Performing 74,258 34,619 12,924 7,375 2,977 692 18,098 — 150,943 Nonperforming 148 65 49 53 12 12 — — 339 Total consumer 74,406 34,684 12,973 7,428 2,989 704 18,098 — 151,282 The following table shows the amortized cost of loans and leases, segregated by portfolio segment, with delinquency aging and nonaccrual status. (Dollars in thousands) Current 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or More Past Due and Accruing Total Nonaccrual Total June 30, 2023 Commercial and agricultural $ 788,349 $ 158 $ — $ — $ 788,507 $ 8,681 $ 797,188 Solar 376,905 — — — 376,905 — 376,905 Auto and light truck 894,576 812 — — 895,388 5,666 901,054 Medium and heavy duty truck 319,634 — — — 319,634 — 319,634 Aircraft 1,059,386 — 688 — 1,060,074 266 1,060,340 Construction equipment 1,011,305 357 — — 1,011,662 1,307 1,012,969 Commercial real estate 982,344 71 — — 982,415 2,908 985,323 Residential real estate and home equity 615,430 534 125 52 616,141 1,354 617,495 Consumer 143,365 590 177 4 144,136 299 144,435 Total $ 6,191,294 $ 2,522 $ 990 $ 56 $ 6,194,862 $ 20,481 $ 6,215,343 December 31, 2022 Commercial and agricultural $ 810,223 $ 944 $ — $ — $ 811,167 $ 864 $ 812,031 Solar 381,163 — — — 381,163 — 381,163 Auto and light truck 793,610 353 1 — 793,964 14,153 808,117 Medium and heavy duty truck 313,845 — 2 — 313,847 15 313,862 Aircraft 1,075,865 223 1,063 — 1,077,151 571 1,077,722 Construction equipment 932,603 431 — — 933,034 5,469 938,503 Commercial real estate 940,516 — — — 940,516 3,229 943,745 Residential real estate and home equity 582,053 562 288 49 582,952 1,785 584,737 Consumer 150,328 416 199 5 150,948 334 151,282 Total $ 5,980,206 $ 2,929 $ 1,553 $ 54 $ 5,984,742 $ 26,420 $ 6,011,162 Accrued interest receivable on loans and leases at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $20.16 million and $18.75 million, respectively. Loan Modification Disclosures Pursuant to ASU 2022-02 The following table shows the amortized cost of loans and leases at June 30, 2023 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended June 30, 2023, segregated by portfolio segment and type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost of loans and leases that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost of each segment of financial receivable is also presented below. (Dollars in thousands) Payment Term Interest Combination % of Total Commercial and agricultural $ 3,985 $ — $ — $ — 0.50 % Construction equipment — 2,126 — — 0.21 Commercial real estate 318 — — — 0.03 Total $ 4,303 $ 2,126 $ — $ — 0.10 % The following table shows the amortized cost of loans and leases at June 30, 2023 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the six months ended June 30, 2023, segregated by portfolio segment and type of modification. The percentage of the amortized cost of loans and leases that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost of each segment of financial receivable is also presented below. (Dollars in thousands) Payment Term Interest Combination % of Total Commercial and agricultural $ 3,985 $ 543 $ — $ — 0.57 % Construction equipment — 6,038 — — 0.60 Commercial real estate 318 — 479 — 0.08 Total $ 4,303 $ 6,581 $ 479 $ — 0.18 % There were no commitments to lend additional amounts to the borrowers included in the previous tables at June 30, 2023. The Company closely monitors the performance of loans and leases that have been modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table shows the performance of such loans and leases that have been modified during the three months ended June 30, 2023. (Dollars in thousands) Current 30-59 60-89 90 Days or Total Commercial and agricultural $ 3,985 $ — $ — $ — $ — Construction equipment 2,126 — — — — Commercial real estate — — — 318 318 Total $ 6,111 $ — $ — $ 318 $ 318 The following table shows the performance of such loans and leases that have been modified during the six months ended June 30, 2023. (Dollars in thousands) Current 30-59 60-89 90 Days or Total Commercial and agricultural $ 3,985 $ 120 $ 423 $ — $ 543 Construction equipment 6,038 — — — — Commercial real estate 479 — — 318 318 Total $ 10,502 $ 120 $ 423 $ 318 $ 861 The following table shows the financial effect of loan and lease modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Weighted- Weighted- Commercial and agricultural 61 6 Construction equipment 5 0 Total 21 6 The following table shows the financial effect of loan and lease modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Weighted- Weighted- Weighted- Commercial and agricultural — % 33 6 Construction equipment — % 5 0 Commercial real estate 3.00 % 0 0 Total 3.00 % 11 6 There were no modified loans and leases that had a payment default during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and were modified in the twelve months prior to that default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Upon the Company’s determination that a modified loan or lease has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan or lease is written off. Therefore, the amortized cost of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance for loan and lease losses is adjusted by the same amount. Troubled Debt Restructuring (TDR) Disclosures Prior to the Adoption of ASU 2022-02 There were no loan and lease modifications classified as a TDR during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The classification between nonperforming and performing is determined at the time of modification. Modification programs focus on extending maturity dates or modifying payment patterns with most TDRs experiencing a combination of concessions. Modifications do not result in the contractual forgiveness of principal or interest. There were no modifications during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 that resulted in an interest rate below market rate. There was one TDR which had a payment default within the twelve months following modification during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. Default occurs when a loan or lease is 90 days or more past due under the modified terms or transferred to nonaccrual. The following table shows the recorded investment of loans and leases classified as troubled debt restructurings as of December 31, 2022. (Dollars in thousands) December 31, Performing TDRs $ — Nonperforming TDRs 3,640 Total TDRs $ 3,640 |