Loans | Note 4 – Loans Major classifications of loans, net of unearned income, deferred loan origination costs, and net premiums on acquired loans, are summarized as follows: (in thousands) June 30 2015 December 31 2014 Commercial construction $ 111,218 $ 121,942 Commercial secured by real estate 978,412 948,626 Equipment lease financing 9,859 10,344 Commercial other 363,909 352,048 Real estate construction 57,914 62,412 Real estate mortgage 707,582 712,465 Home equity 88,113 88,335 Consumer direct 121,620 122,136 Consumer indirect 354,204 315,516 Total loans $ 2,792,831 $ 2,733,824 CTBI has segregated and evaluates its loan portfolio through nine portfolio segments. CTBI serves customers in small and mid-sized communities in eastern, northeastern, central, and south central Kentucky, southern West Virginia, and northeastern Tennessee. Therefore, CTBI's exposure to credit risk is significantly affected by changes in these communities. Commercial construction loans are for the purpose of erecting or rehabilitating buildings or other structures for commercial purposes, including any infrastructure necessary for development. Included in this category are improved property, land development, and tract development loans. The terms of these loans are generally short-term with permanent financing upon completion. Commercial real estate loans include loans secured by nonfarm, nonresidential properties, 1-4 family/multi-family properties, farmland, and other commercial real estate. These loans are originated based on the borrower's ability to service the debt and secondarily based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. Equipment lease financing loans are fixed, variable, and tax exempt leases for commercial purposes. Commercial other loans consist of commercial check loans, agricultural loans, receivable financing, floorplans, loans to financial institutions, loans for purchasing or carrying securities, and other commercial purpose loans. Commercial loans are underwritten based on the borrower's ability to service debt from the business's underlying cash flows. As a general practice, we obtain collateral such as real estate, equipment, or other assets, although such loans may be uncollateralized but guaranteed. Real estate construction loans are typically for owner-occupied properties. The terms of these loans are generally short-term with permanent financing upon completion. Residential real estate loans are a mixture of fixed rate and adjustable rate first and second lien residential mortgage loans. As a policy, CTBI holds adjustable rate loans and sells the majority of its fixed rate first lien mortgage loans into the secondary market. Changes in interest rates or market conditions may impact a borrower's ability to meet contractual principal and interest payments. Residential real estate loans are secured by real property. Home equity lines are revolving adjustable rate credit lines secured by real property. Consumer direct loans are primarily fixed rate products comprised of unsecured loans, consumer revolving credit lines, deposit secured loans, and all other consumer purpose loans. Consumer indirect loans are fixed rate loans secured by automobiles, trucks, vans, and recreational vehicles originated at the selling dealership underwritten and purchased by CTBI's indirect lending department. Both new and used products are financed. Only dealers who have executed dealer agreements with CTBI participate in the indirect lending program. Not included in the loan balances above were loans held for sale in the amount of $2.0 million at June 30, 2015 and $2.3 million at December 31, 2014, respectively. Refer to note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information regarding our nonaccrual policy. Nonaccrual loans segregated by class of loans were as follows: (in thousands) June 30 2015 December 31 2014 Commercial: Commercial construction $ 3,699 $ 4,339 Commercial secured by real estate 4,186 6,725 Commercial other 1,326 2,423 Residential: Real estate construction 500 602 Real estate mortgage 6,556 6,513 Home equity 204 369 Consumer: Consumer direct 15 0 Total nonaccrual loans $ 16,486 $ 20,971 The following tables present CTBI's loan portfolio aging analysis, segregated by class, as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014: June 30, 2015 (in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90+ Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans 90+ and Accruing* Commercial: Commercial construction $ 13 $ 0 $ 5,392 $ 5,405 $ 105,813 $ 111,218 $ 1,692 Commercial secured by real estate 3,073 984 8,334 12,391 966,021 978,412 5,045 Equipment lease financing 0 0 0 0 9,859 9,859 0 Commercial other 1,298 171 4,033 5,502 358,407 363,909 2,874 Residential: Real estate construction 33 67 576 676 57,238 57,914 90 Real estate mortgage 1,377 4,739 11,913 18,029 689,553 707,582 6,446 Home equity 1,035 168 563 1,766 86,347 88,113 404 Consumer: Consumer direct 1,002 358 105 1,465 120,155 121,620 105 Consumer indirect 2,380 585 259 3,224 350,980 354,204 259 Total $ 10,211 $ 7,072 $ 31,175 $ 48,458 $ 2,744,373 $ 2,792,831 $ 16,915 December 31, 2014 (in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90+ Days Past Due Total Past Due Current Total Loans 90+ and Accruing* Commercial: Commercial construction $ 40 $ 31 $ 6,171 $ 6,242 $ 115,700 $ 121,942 $ 1,863 Commercial secured by real estate 2,471 1,595 10,763 14,829 933,797 948,626 4,682 Equipment lease financing 0 0 0 0 10,344 10,344 0 Commercial other 826 55 4,205 5,086 346,962 352,048 2,367 Residential: Real estate construction 92 144 985 1,221 61,191 62,412 383 Real estate mortgage 1,005 5,171 13,049 19,225 693,240 712,465 7,742 Home equity 779 197 703 1,679 86,656 88,335 422 Consumer: Consumer direct 1,307 295 141 1,743 120,393 122,136 141 Consumer indirect 2,304 586 385 3,275 312,241 315,516 385 Total $ 8,824 $ 8,074 $ 36,402 $ 53,300 $ 2,680,524 $ 2,733,824 $ 17,985 *90+ and Accruing are also included in 90+ Days Past Due column. The risk characteristics of CTBI's material portfolio segments are as follows: Commercial construction loans generally are made to customers for the purpose of building income-producing properties. Personal guarantees of the principals are generally required. Such loans are made on a projected cash flow basis and are secured by the project being constructed. Construction loan draw procedures are included in each specific loan agreement, including required documentation items and inspection requirements. Construction loans may convert to term loans at the end of the construction period, or may be repaid by the take-out commitment from another financing source. If the loan is to convert to a term loan, the repayment ability is based on the borrower's projected cash flow. Risk is mitigated during the construction phase by requiring proper documentation and inspections whenever a draw is requested. Loans in amounts greater than $500,000 generally require a performance bond to be posted by the general contractor to assure completion of the project. Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. Commercial real estate loans may be more adversely affected by conditions in the real estate markets or in the general economy. Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria. Equipment lease financing is underwritten by our commercial lenders using the same underwriting standards as would be applied to a secured commercial loan requesting 100% financing. The pricing for equipment lease financing is comparable to that of borrowers with similar quality commercial credits with similar collateral. Maximum terms of equipment leasing are determined by the type and expected life of the equipment to be leased. Residual values are determined by appraisals or opinion letters from industry experts. Leases must be in conformity with our consolidated annual tax plan. As we underwrite our equipment lease financing in a manner similar to our commercial loan portfolio described below, the risk characteristics for this portfolio mirror that of the commercial loan portfolio. Commercial loans are primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the assets being financed or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee; however, some short-term loans may be made on an unsecured basis. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1-4 family residences and are generally owner occupied, CTBI generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are typically secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences. Residential construction loans are handled through the home mortgage area of the bank. The repayment ability of the borrower and the maximum loan-to-value ratio are calculated using the normal mortgage lending criteria. Draws are processed based on percentage of completion stages including normal inspection procedures. Such loans generally convert to term loans after the completion of construction. Consumer loans are secured by consumer assets such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer loans are unsecured such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit. Our determination of a borrower's ability to repay these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers, which can be impacted by economic conditions in their market areas such as unemployment levels. Repayment can also be impacted by changes in property values on residential properties. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. The indirect lending area of the bank generally deals with purchasing/funding consumer contracts with new and used automobile dealers. The dealers generate consumer loan applications which are forwarded to the indirect loan processing area for approval or denial. Loan approvals or denials are based on the creditworthiness and repayment ability of the borrower, and on the collateral value. The dealers may have recourse agreements with the Bank. Credit Quality Indicators: CTBI categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. CTBI also considers the fair value of the underlying collateral and the strength and willingness of the guarantor(s). CTBI analyzes commercial loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. Loans classified as loss, doubtful, substandard, or special mention are reviewed quarterly by CTBI for further deterioration or improvement to determine if appropriately classified and valued if deemed impaired. All other commercial loan reviews are completed every 12 to 18 months. In addition, during the renewal process of any loan, as well as if a loan becomes past due or if other information becomes available, CTBI will evaluate the loan grade. CTBI uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Ø Pass Ø Watch Ø Other assets especially mentioned (OAEM) Ø Substandard Ø Doubtful The following table presents the credit risk profile of CTBI's commercial loan portfolio based on rating category and payment activity, segregated by class of loans, as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014: (in thousands) Commercial Construction Commercial Secured by Real Estate Equipment Leases Commercial Other Total June 30, 2015 Pass $ 91,970 $ 866,899 $ 9,859 $ 323,470 $ 1,292,198 Watch 7,954 70,847 0 32,858 111,659 OAEM 1,939 8,998 0 949 11,886 Substandard 5,656 27,750 0 5,756 39,162 Doubtful 3,699 3,918 0 876 8,493 Total $ 111,218 $ 978,412 $ 9,859 $ 363,909 $ 1,463,398 December 31, 2014 Pass $ 101,314 $ 834,751 $ 10,344 $ 307,270 $ 1,253,679 Watch 9,857 69,123 0 36,114 115,094 OAEM 934 10,973 0 881 12,788 Substandard 5,647 27,901 0 5,772 39,320 Doubtful 4,190 5,878 0 2,011 12,079 Total $ 121,942 $ 948,626 $ 10,344 $ 352,048 $ 1,432,960 The following table presents the credit risk profile of the CTBI's residential real estate and consumer loan portfolios based on performing or nonperforming status, segregated by class, as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014: (in thousands) Real Estate Construction Real Estate Mortgage Home Equity Consumer Direct Consumer Indirect Total June 30, 2015 Performing $ 57,324 $ 694,580 $ 87,505 $ 121,500 $ 353,945 $ 1,314,854 Nonperforming (1) 590 13,002 608 120 259 14,579 Total $ 57,914 $ 707,582 $ 88,113 $ 121,620 $ 354,204 $ 1,329,433 December 31, 2014 Performing $ 61,427 $ 698,210 $ 87,544 $ 121,995 $ 315,131 $ 1,284,307 Nonperforming (1) 985 14,255 791 141 385 16,557 Total $ 62,412 $ 712,465 $ 88,335 $ 122,136 $ 315,516 $ 1,300,864 (1) A loan is considered nonperforming if it is 90 days or more past due and/or on nonaccrual. The total of consumer mortgage loans secured by real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $6.3 million at June 30, 2015 compared to $5.9 million at December 31, 2014. A loan is considered impaired, in accordance with the impairment accounting guidance, when based on current information and events, it is probable CTBI will be unable to collect all amounts due from the borrower in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. Impaired loans include nonperforming commercial loans but also include loans modified in troubled debt restructurings where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. These concessions could include a reduction in the interest rate on the loan, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance, or other actions intended to maximize collection. The following tables present impaired loans, the average investment in impaired loans, and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the periods ended June 30, 2015, December 31, 2014, and June 30, 2014: June 30, 2015 (in thousands) Recorded Balance Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Specific Allowance Loans without a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction $ 5,211 $ 5,211 $ 0 Commercial secured by real estate 29,951 31,340 0 Commercial other 7,262 8,898 0 Real estate mortgage 1,185 1,185 0 Loans with a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction 3,500 3,500 719 Commercial secured by real estate 2,377 2,560 529 Commercial other 687 809 215 Totals: Commercial construction 8,711 8,711 719 Commercial secured by real estate 32,328 33,900 529 Commercial other 7,949 9,707 215 Real estate mortgage 1,185 1,185 0 Total $ 50,173 $ 53,503 $ 1,463 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 June 30, 2015 (in thousands) Average Investment in Impaired Loans *Interest Income Recognized Average Investment in Impaired Loans *Interest Income Recognized Loans without a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction $ 5,266 $ 68 $ 5,282 $ 119 Commercial secured by real estate 30,366 359 30,179 669 Commercial other 7,367 67 10,118 128 Real estate mortgage 1,186 12 1,044 24 Loans with a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction 3,796 0 3,846 0 Commercial secured by real estate 2,452 0 2,946 1 Commercial other 729 0 794 0 Totals: Commercial construction 9,062 68 9,128 119 Commercial secured by real estate 32,818 359 33,125 670 Commercial other 8,096 67 10,912 128 Real estate mortgage 1,186 12 1,044 24 Total $ 51,162 $ 506 $ 54,209 $ 941 December 31, 2014 (in thousands) Recorded Balance Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Specific Allowance Average Investment in Impaired Loans *Interest Income Recognized Loans without a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction $ 5,653 $ 5,654 $ 0 $ 5,415 $ 205 Commercial secured by real estate 31,639 33,268 0 34,650 1,180 Commercial other 13,069 14,597 0 15,663 783 Real estate mortgage 1,277 1,277 0 1,507 53 Loans with a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction 3,974 3,974 734 4,216 0 Commercial secured by real estate 2,718 2,876 827 4,376 11 Commercial other 738 862 181 531 1 Totals: Commercial construction 9,627 9,628 734 9,631 205 Commercial secured by real estate 34,357 36,144 827 39,026 1,191 Commercial other 13,807 15,459 181 16,194 784 Real estate mortgage 1,277 1,277 0 1,507 53 Total $ 59,068 $ 62,508 $ 1,742 $ 66,358 $ 2,233 June 30, 2014 (in thousands) Recorded Balance Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Specific Allowance Loans without a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction $ 5,270 $ 5,271 $ 0 Commercial secured by real estate 33,504 34,523 0 Commercial other 16,947 18,527 0 Real estate mortgage 1,865 1,865 0 Loans with a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction 4,285 4,285 734 Commercial secured by real estate 3,968 4,272 1,077 Commercial other 339 463 84 Totals: Commercial construction 9,555 9,556 734 Commercial secured by real estate 37,472 38,795 1,077 Commercial other 17,286 18,990 84 Real estate mortgage 1,865 1,865 0 Total $ 66,178 $ 69,206 $ 1,895 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 June 30, 2014 (in thousands) Average Investment in Impaired Loans *Interest Income Recognized Average Investment in Impaired Loans *Interest Income Recognized Loans without a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction $ 5,291 $ 78 $ 5,366 $ 128 Commercial secured by real estate 33,687 332 35,051 597 Commercial other 17,362 257 15,843 371 Real estate mortgage 1,866 22 1,445 32 Loans with a specific valuation allowance: Commercial construction 4,285 0 4,299 0 Commercial secured by real estate 3,973 0 4,330 4 Commercial other 353 0 396 0 Totals: Commercial construction 9,576 78 9,665 128 Commercial secured by real estate 37,660 332 39,381 601 Commercial other 17,715 257 16,239 371 Real estate mortgage 1,866 22 1,445 32 Total $ 66,817 $ 689 $ 66,730 $ 1,132 *Cash basis interest is substantially the same as interest income recognized. Included in certain loan categories of impaired loans are certain loans and leases that have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring, where economic concessions have been granted to borrowers who have experienced financial difficulties. These concessions typically result from our loss mitigation activities and could include reductions in the interest rate, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, forbearance or other actions. Modifications of terms for our loans and their inclusion as troubled debt restructurings are based on individual facts and circumstances. Loan modifications that are included as troubled debt restructurings may involve either an increase or reduction of the interest rate, extension of the term of the loan, or deferral of principal and/or interest payments, regardless of the period of the modification. All of the loans identified as troubled debt restructuring were modified due to financial stress of the borrower. In order to determine if a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed to determine the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under CTBI's internal underwriting policy. When we modify loans and leases in a troubled debt restructuring, we evaluate any possible impairment similar to other impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the contractual interest rate of the original loan or lease agreement, or use the current fair value of the collateral, less selling costs for collateral dependent loans. If we determined that the value of the modified loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (net of previous charge-offs, deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), impairment is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance. In periods subsequent to modification, we evaluate all troubled debt restructuring, including those that have payment defaults, for possible impairment and recognize impairment through the allowance. During 2015, certain loans were modified in troubled debt restructurings, where economic concessions were granted to borrowers consisting of reductions in the interest rates, payment extensions, forgiveness of principal, and forbearances. Presented below, segregated by class of loans, are troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 and the year ended December 31, 2014: Three Months Ended June 30, 2015 (in thousands) Number of Loans Term Modification Rate Modification Combination Post-Modification Outstanding Balance Commercial: Commercial secured by real estate 4 $ 317 $ 0 $ 0 $ 317 Commercial other 1 18 0 0 18 Residential: Real estate mortgage 1 0 0 290 290 Total troubled debt restructurings 6 $ 335 $ 0 $ 290 $ 625 Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 (in thousands) Number of Loans Term Modification Rate Modification Combination Post-Modification Outstanding Balance Commercial: Commercial secured by real estate 8 $ 607 $ 0 $ 0 $ 607 Commercial other 3 54 0 0 54 Residential: Real estate mortgage 1 0 0 290 290 Total troubled debt restructurings 12 $ 661 $ 0 $ 290 $ 951 Three Months Ended June 30, 2014 (in thousands) Number of Loans Term Modification Rate Modification Combination Post-Modification Outstanding Balance Commercial: Commercial secured by real estate 1 $ 106 $ 0 $ 0 $ 106 Commercial other 1 20 0 0 20 Residential: Real estate mortgage 2 0 0 849 849 Total troubled debt restructurings 4 $ 126 $ 0 $ 849 $ 975 Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 (in thousands) Number of Loans Term Modification Rate Modification Combination Post-Modification Outstanding Balance Commercial: Commercial secured by real estate 3 $ 231 $ 0 $ 0 $ 231 Commercial other 3 61 0 0 61 Residential: Real estate mortgage 2 0 0 849 849 Total troubled debt restructurings 8 $ 292 $ 0 $ 849 $ 1,141 Year Ended December 31, 2014 (in thousands) Number of Loans Term Modification Rate Modification Combination Post-Modification Outstanding Balance Commercial: Commercial construction 1 $ 7 $ 0 $ 0 $ 7 Commercial secured by real estate 11 5,707 0 68 5,775 Commercial other 8 1,268 0 0 1,268 Residential: Real estate mortgage 2 0 0 848 848 Total troubled debt restructurings 22 $ 6,982 $ 0 $ 916 $ 7,898 No charge-offs have resulted from modifications for any of the presented periods. Loans retain their accrual status at the time of their modification. As a result, if a loan is on nonaccrual at the time it is modified, it stays as nonaccrual, and if a loan is on accrual at the time of the modification, it generally stays on accrual. Commercial and consumer loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are closely monitored for delinquency as an early indicator of possible future default. If loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring subsequently default, CTBI evaluates the loan for possible further impairment. The allowance for loan losses may be increased, adjustments may be made in the allocation of the allowance, or partial charge-offs may be taken to further write-down the carrying value of the loan. Presented below, segregated by class of loans, are loans that were modified as troubled debt restructurings within the past twelve months which have subsequently defaulted. CTBI generally considers a loan in default when it is 90 days or more past due or transferred to nonaccrual. (in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2015 Six Months Ended June 30, 2015 Number of Loans Recorded Balance Number of Loans Recorded Balance Commercial: Commercial secured by real estate 1 $ 98 2 $ 359 Residential: Real estate mortgage 1 290 1 290 Total defaulted restructured loans 2 $ 388 3 $ 649 (in thousands) Three Months Ended June 30, 2014 Six Months Ended June 30, 2014 Number of Loans Recorded Balance Number of Loans Recorded Balance Commercial: Commercial other 0 $ 0 2 $ 34 Residential: Real estate mortgage 1 581 1 581 Total defaulted restructured loans 1 $ 581 3 $ 615 |