L.B. Foster (FSTR) 10-K 7 Mar 25 2024 FY Annual report Financial data

Cover

Cover - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 27, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	0-10436
Entity Registrant Name	L.B. FOSTER COMPANY
Entity Incorporation, State	PA
Entity Tax Identification Number	25-1324733
Entity Address, Street Address	415 Holiday Drive
Entity Address, Suite	Suite 100
Entity Address, City	Pittsburgh
Entity Address, State	PA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	15220
City Area Code	412
Local Phone Number	928-3400
Title of Each Class	Common Stock, Par Value $0.01
Trading Symbol(s)	FSTR
Name of Each Exchange On Which Registered	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	No
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	true
Document Financial Statement Restatement Recovery Analysis [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 221,269,221
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		10,752,633
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (“2025 Proxy Statement”) are incorporated by reference in Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III of this Form 10-K. The 2025 Proxy Statement will be filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Form 10-K relates.
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Central Index Key	0000352825

Audit Information

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Name	Ernst & Young LLP
Auditor Location	Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Auditor Firm ID	42

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 2,454	$ 2,560
Accounts receivable - net (Note 5)	64,978	53,484
Contract assets (Note 3)	16,720	29,489
Inventories - net (Note 6)	70,506	73,111
Other current assets	6,947	8,711
Total current assets	161,605	167,355
Property, plant, and equipment - net (Note 7)	75,374	75,579
Operating lease right-of-use assets - net (Note 8)	18,480	14,905
Other assets:
Goodwill (Note 4)	31,907	32,587
Other intangibles - net (Note 4)	14,801	19,010
Deferred tax assets (Note 13)	28,900	0
Other assets	3,483	2,965
TOTAL ASSETS	334,550	312,401
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	50,083	39,500
Deferred revenue (Note 3)	10,205	12,479
Accrued payroll and employee benefits	15,393	16,978
Current portion of accrued settlement (Note 17)	0	8,000
Current maturities of long-term debt (Note 9)	167	102
Other accrued liabilities	12,448	17,442
Total current liabilities	88,296	94,501
Long-term debt (Note 9)	46,773	55,171
Deferred tax liabilities (Note 13)	1,150	1,232
Long-term operating lease liabilities (Note 8)	14,709	11,865
Other long-term liabilities	4,608	6,797
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, par value $0.01, authorized 20,000,000 shares; shares issued at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 11,115,779; shares outstanding at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 10,573,432 and 10,733,935, respectively (Note 10)	111	111
Paid-in capital	43,550	43,111
Retained earnings	167,579	124,633
Treasury stock - at cost, common stock, shares at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 542,347 and 381,844, respectively (Note 10)	(11,208)	(6,494)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 11)	(21,716)	(19,250)
Total L.B. Foster Company stockholders’ equity	178,316	142,111
Noncontrolling interest	698	724
Total stockholders’ equity	179,014	142,835
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$ 334,550	$ 312,401

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Pa

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Common stock, par value (usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	11,115,779	11,115,779
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	10,573,432	10,733,935
Treasury stock shares - at cost, common stock (in shares)	542,347	381,844

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPER

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Total net sales (Note 3)	$ 530,765	$ 543,744
Total cost of sales	412,703	431,700
Gross profit	118,062	112,044
Selling and administrative expenses	96,398	97,623
(Gain) on sale of former joint venture facility	(3,477)	0
Amortization expense (Note 4)	4,628	5,314
Operating income	20,513	9,107
Interest expense - net	4,992	5,528
Other expense - net (Note 18)	1,076	2,635
Income before income taxes	14,445	944
Income tax benefit (Note 13)	(28,398)	(355)
Net income	42,843	1,299
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest	(103)	(165)
Net income attributable to L.B. Foster Company	$ 42,946	$ 1,464
Basic earnings per common share (Note 12) (usd per share)	$ 4.01	$ 0.14
Diluted earnings per common share (Note 12) (usd per share)	$ 3.89	$ 0.13
Basic weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	10,721	10,799
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	11,048	10,995
Sales of goods
Total net sales (Note 3)	$ 462,659	$ 475,350
Total cost of sales	352,556	368,197
Sales of services
Total net sales (Note 3)	68,106	68,394
Total cost of sales	$ 60,147	$ 63,503

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
		Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income		$ 42,843	$ 1,299
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(2,887)	2,428
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of tax benefit of $203 and $0, respectively		(593)	(704)
Pension and post-retirement benefit plans benefit, net of tax benefit $0		0	152
Reclassification of pension liability adjustments to earnings, net of tax expense of $424 and $0, respectively*	[1]	1,014	39
Total comprehensive income		40,377	3,214
Less comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest:
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest		(103)	(165)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		77	29
Amounts attributable to noncontrolling interest		(26)	(136)
Comprehensive income attributable to L.B. Foster Company		$ 40,403	$ 3,350
[1]Reclassifications out of Accumulated other comprehensive loss for pension obligations are reflected in Selling and administrative expense and pension settlement costs are reflected in Other expense - net .

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CO_2

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedge, tax	$ 203	$ 0
Pension and post-retirement benefit plan, tax	0	0
Reclassification of pension liability adjustments to earnings, tax expense (benefit)	$ 424	$ 0

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 42,843	$ 1,299
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Deferred income taxes	(29,145)	(1,852)
Depreciation	9,452	9,949
Amortization	4,628	5,314
Equity loss (income) in nonconsolidated investment	14	(51)
Gain on sales and disposals of property, plant, and equipment	(4,431)	(459)
Stock-based compensation	3,834	4,179
Loss on asset divestitures	0	3,074
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(12,262)	27,367
Contract assets	12,433	1,797
Inventories	2,376	(6,604)
Other current assets	924	1,372
Other noncurrent assets	(3,437)	(403)
Accounts payable	10,399	(4,558)
Deferred revenue	(2,230)	(2,850)
Accrued payroll and employee benefits	(1,469)	6,364
Accrued settlement	(8,000)	(8,000)
Other current liabilities	(6,703)	2,555
Other liabilities	3,406	(1,537)
Net cash provided by operating activities	22,632	36,956
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant, and equipment	3,895	539
Capital expenditures on property, plant, and equipment	(9,791)	(4,513)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(416)	(1,246)
Proceeds from asset divestitures	0	7,706
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(6,312)	2,486
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repayments of debt	(230,640)	(208,668)
Proceeds from debt	222,646	171,408
Treasury stock acquisitions	(8,237)	(2,625)
Consideration received from noncontrolling interest	0	589
Net cash used in financing activities	(16,231)	(39,296)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(195)	(468)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(106)	(322)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	2,560	2,882
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	2,454	2,560
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Net interest paid	4,659	5,454
Net income taxes paid (received)	$ 1,628	$ (221)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOC

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Noncontrolling Interest
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 137,598	$ 111	$ 41,303	$ 123,169	$ (6,240)	$ (21,165)	$ 420
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	1,299			1,464			(165)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Pension liability adjustment	191					191
Foreign currency translation adjustment	2,457					2,428	29
Unrealized derivative (loss) on cash flow hedges	(704)					(704)
Purchase of common shares for treasury	(2,310)				(2,310)
Issuance of common shares, net of shares withheld for taxes	(315)		(2,371)		2,056
Stock-based compensation	4,179		4,179
Investment of noncontrolling interest	440						440
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023	142,835	111	43,111	124,633	(6,494)	(19,250)	724
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	42,843			42,946			(103)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Pension liability adjustment	1,014					1,014
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(2,810)					(2,887)	77
Unrealized derivative (loss) on cash flow hedges	(593)					(593)
Purchase of common shares for treasury	(6,808)				(6,808)
Issuance of common shares, net of shares withheld for taxes	(1,429)		(3,523)		2,094
Stock-based compensation	3,834		3,834
Investment of noncontrolling interest	128		128
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 179,014	$ 111	$ 43,550	$ 167,579	$ (11,208)	$ (21,716)	$ 698

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ST_2

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Purchase of common shares for treasury (in shares)	300,302	134,208
Common shares issues net of shares withheld (in shares)	139,799	91,316

Summary of Significant Accounti

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization, operations, and basis of consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of L.B. Foster Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, joint ventures, and partnerships in which a controlling interest is held. Inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The Company utilizes the equity method of accounting for companies where its ownership is less than or equal to 50% and significant influence exists. L.B. Foster Company (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a global technology solutions provider of engineered, manufactured products and services that builds and supports infrastructure. The Company’s innovative engineering and product development solutions address the safety, reliability, and performance needs of its customers’ most challenging requirements. The Company maintains locations in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. The Company is organized and operated in two reporting segments: Rail, Technologies, and Services (“Rail”) and Infrastructure Solutions (“Infrastructure”). The Rail segment is comprised of several manufacturing and distribution businesses that provide a variety of products and services for freight and passenger railroads and industrial companies throughout the world. The Infrastructure segment is composed of nine operating facilities across the US providing engineered precast concrete solutions, as well as fabricated bridge, protective pipe coating, and pipe threading offerings across North America. On November 17, 2023, the Company acquired the operating assets of Cougar Mountain Precast, LLC (“Cougar”), located in Caldwell, Idaho, which is a licensed manufacturer of Redi-Rock and natural concrete products for $1,644. Cougar has been included in the Precast Concrete Products business unit within the Infrastructure segment. On August 30, 2023, the Company announced the discontinuation of its Bridge Products grid deck product line and expects to complete any remaining customer obligations in 2025. The grid deck product line is reported in the Bridge Products division within the Infrastructure segment. On June 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of the prestressed concrete railroad tie business operated by its wholly-owned subsidiary, CXT Incorporated (“Ties”), located in Spokane, WA, for $2,362 in proceeds. The Ties business was reported in the Rail Products business unit within the Rail segment. On March 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of its Precision Measurement Products and Systems business, Chemtec Energy Services LLC (“Chemtec”), for $5,344 in proceeds. The Chemtec business was reported in the Coatings and Measurement division within the Infrastructure segment. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) requires management to make estimates, judgements, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates and changes in these estimates are recorded when known. Significant accounting policies Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers cash and other instruments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company invests available funds in a manner to preserve investment principal and maintain liquidity. Cash and cash equivalents held in non-domestic accounts were $1,882 and $2,193 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Accounts Receivable Trade receivables are carried at their estimated collectible amounts. Trade credit is generally extended on a short-term basis; thus trade receivables do not bear interest. Credit is extended based upon an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and, while collateral is not required, the Company periodically receives surety bonds that guarantee payment. Credit terms are consistent with industry standards and practices. Inventory Inventory is valued at the lower of average cost or net realizable value. Slow-moving inventory is reviewed and adjusted regularly, based upon product knowledge, physical inventory observation, inventory turnover, and the age of the inventory. Inventory costs include materials, direct labor, manufacturing overhead, and other direct costs. Property, plant, and equipment Depreciation and amortization are provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of 10 to 40 years for buildings and 2 to 50 years for machinery and equipment. Leasehold improvements are amortized over 3 to 19 years, which represent the lives of the respective leases or the lives of the improvements, whichever is shorter. Depreciation expense is recorded within “Cost of goods sold,” “Cost of services sold,” and “Selling and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations based upon the particular asset’s use. The Company reviews a long-lived asset for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company recognizes an impairment loss if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. There were no material property, plant, and equipment impairments recorded for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals are charged to operations as incurred. Major renewals and betterments that substantially extend the useful life of the property are capitalized at cost. Upon the sale or other disposition of assets, the costs and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is reflected in “Cost of goods sold,” “Cost of services sold,” and “Selling and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations based upon the particular asset’s use. Allowance for credit losses The Company established the allowance for credit losses by calculating the amount to reserve based on the age of a given trade receivable and considering historical collection patterns, bad debt expense experience, expected future trends of collections, current and expected market conditions, and any other relevant subjective adjustments as needed. Management maintains high-quality credit review practices and positive customer relationships that we believe mitigates credit risks. The Company’s reserves are regularly reviewed and revised as necessary. Reserves for uncollectible accounts are recorded as part of “Selling and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company has also established policies regarding allowance for credit losses associated with contract assets, which includes standalone reserve assessments for its long-term, complex contracts as needed as well as detailed regular review and updates to contract margins, progress, and value. A standard reserve threshold is applied to contract assets related to short-term, less complex contracts. Management also regularly reviews collection patterns and future expected collections and makes necessary revisions to allowance for credit losses related to contract assets. Goodwill and other intangible assets Goodwill is the cost of an acquisition less the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the acquired business. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment or more often if there are indicators of impairment within a reporting unit. A reporting unit is an operating segment or a component of an operating segment for which discrete financial information is available and reviewed by management on a regular basis. The goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. When evaluating for impairment the Company may first consider qualitative factors to assess whether there are indicators that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit may not exceed its carrying amount. If we do not perform a qualitative assessment, or if we determine that it is more like than not that the fair value of the reporting unit does not exceed its carrying value, we perform a quantitative assessment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the excess amount up to the goodwill balance is recorded as a component of operations. The Company's quantitative analysis considers and evaluates each of the three traditional approaches to value: the income approach, the market approach, and the asset approach. The Company uses a combination of a discounted cash flow method and a market approach to determine the fair values of the reporting units. The Company performs its annual impairment tests in the fourth quarter. The Company’s fourth quarter 2024 annual test included the assessment of a qualitative analysis to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit is less than its carrying value and was not required to perform a quantitative assessment. The qualitative assessment considers fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The qualitative assessment considered and evaluated a variety of events or factors that could influence the fair value of the reporting unit, including, but not limited to, actual and projected reporting unit profitability, changes in key personnel, legal and regulatory conditions, industry outlook, macroeconomic conditions, and the reporting units’ competitive position. No impairment was recorded during 2024. The Company also monitors the recoverability of the long-lived assets associated with the asset groups of the Company and the long-term financial projections of the businesses to assess for asset impairment. The Company has no indefinite-lived intangible assets. The Company reviews a long-lived intangible asset for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. All intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Environmental remediation and compliance Environmental remediation costs are accrued when a liability is probable and costs are estimable. Environmental compliance costs, which principally include the disposal of waste generated by routine operations, are expensed as incurred. Reserves are not reduced by potential claims for recovery and are not discounted. Claims for recovery are recognized as agreements are reached with third parties or as amounts are received. Reserves are periodically reviewed throughout the year and adjusted to reflect current remediation progress, prospective estimates of required activity, and other factors that may be relevant, including changes in technology or regulations. Revenue recognition The Company’s revenues are comprised of product and service sales, including products and services provided under long-term agreements with its customers. All revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligations under the respective contract, either implicit or explicit, by transferring the promised product or rendering a service to its customer either when or as its customer obtains control of the product or the service is rendered. Deferred revenue consists of customer billings or payments received for which the revenue recognition criteria have not yet been met as well as contract liabilities (billings in excess of costs) on over time contracts. Advance payments from customers typically relate to contracts for which the Company has significantly fulfilled its obligations, but due to the Company’s continuing involvement with the project, revenue is precluded from being recognized until the performance obligation is met for the customer. Product warranty The Company maintains a current warranty liability for the repair or replacement of defective products. For certain manufactured products, an accrual is made on a monthly basis as a percentage of cost of sales based upon historical experience. For long-lived construction products, a warranty is established when the claim is known and quantifiable. The product warranty accrual is periodically adjusted based on the identification or resolution of known individual product warranty claims or due to changes in the Company’s historical warranty experience. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the product warranty reserve was $602 and $688, respectively. Income taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred taxes are measured using enacted tax laws and rates expected to be in effect when such differences are recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred taxes is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of the change. The Company has also elected to record income taxes associated with global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) as period costs if and when incurred. The Company makes judgments regarding the recognition of deferred tax assets and the future realization of these assets. As prescribed by the FASB’s ASC 740, “Income Taxes” and applicable guidance, valuation allowances must be provided for those deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50%) that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The guidance requires the Company to evaluate positive and negative evidence regarding the recoverability of deferred tax assets. The determination of whether the positive evidence outweighs the negative evidence and quantification of the valuation allowance requires the Company to make estimates and judgments of future financial results. The Company has concluded that for purposes of quantifying valuation allowances, it would be appropriate to consider the reversal of taxable temporary differences related to indefinite-lived intangible assets when assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets that upon reversal, would give rise to operating losses that do not expire. The Company evaluates all tax positions taken on its federal, state, and foreign tax filings to determine if the position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. For positions that meet the more likely than not to be sustained criteria, the largest amount of benefit to be realized upon ultimate settlement is determined on a cumulative probability basis. A previously recognized tax position is derecognized when it is subsequently determined that a tax position no longer meets the more likely than not threshold to be sustained. The evaluation of the sustainability of a tax position and the expected tax benefit is based on judgment, historical experience, and various other assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates upon subsequent resolution of identified matters. The Company accrues interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its provision for income taxes. Foreign currency translation The assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are measured using the local currency as the functional currency and are translated into US dollars at exchange rates as of the balance sheet date. Income statement amounts are translated at the weighted-average rates of exchange during the year. The translation adjustment is accumulated as a separate component of “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in “Other income or expense.” For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, foreign currency transaction gain of $154 and foreign currency transaction loss of $77, respectively, were included in “Other expense - net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Research and development The Company expenses research and development costs as costs are incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, research and development expenses were $2,831 and $2,555, respectively, and were principally related to the Company’s friction management and railroad monitoring system products within the Rail segment. Recently issued accounting guidance In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”), which requires enhanced disclosures regarding significant segment expenses that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included in each reported measure of segment profit or loss, including an amount for “other segment items” by reportable segment and a description of its composition. ASU 2023-07 also requires entities to disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses reported measures of segment profit or loss to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company adopted this guidance for the year ended December 31, 2024 and applied to the guidance retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. The expanded disclosures of the provision of ASU 2023-07 are included in Note 2. ASU 2023-07 affects only disclosures with no impacts to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires entities to disclose additional information with respect to the effective tax rate reconciliation and disaggregation of income tax expense and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09, but does not expect this standard to have a material effect on its financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Business Segments

Business Segments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Business Segments	Business Segments The Company determines its operating segments based on how the Company’s CODM, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, manages the businesses, including resource allocation and operating decisions. The Company is organized into two operating segments, which represent the individual businesses that are run separately within this operational structure. Operating segments are evaluated on their segment operating income contribution to the Company’s consolidated results. The Company considers the aggregation of operating segments into reporting segments based on the nature of offerings, nature of production services, the type or class of customer for products and services, methods used to distribute products and services, and economic and regulatory environment conditions. The Company has two reportable segments: Rail and Infrastructure. The Company’s segments represent components of the Company (a) that engage in activities from which revenue is generated and expenses are incurred, (b) whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the CODM, who uses such information to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segments, and (c) for which discrete financial information is available. The CODM uses segment operating income to determine resources to allocate to each segment (including personnel and financial resources) during the annual budgeting process. The CODM evaluates segment performance regularly by comparing the segment operating income to the budgeted measure. The Company’s Rail reporting segment consists of the Rail Products, Global Friction Management, and Technology Services and Solutions business units, which was evaluated based on the factors outlined above. The Rail reporting segment engineers, manufactures, and assembles friction management products and railway wayside data collection, application systems, railroad condition monitoring systems and equipment, wheel impact load detection systems, management systems, and provides services for these products. The Rail segment also provides a full line of new and used rail, trackwork, and accessories to railroads, mines, and other customers in the rail industry as well as designs and produces insulated rail joints, power rail, track fasteners, coverboards, and special accessories for mass transit and other rail systems. In addition, the Rail segment provides controls, displays, and telecommunication contract management solutions for the transit, control room, and customer information and display sectors to enhance safety, operational efficiency, and customer experience. On June 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of the prestressed concrete railroad tie business operated by its wholly-owned subsidiary, CXT Incorporated, located in Spokane, WA. Cash proceeds from the transaction were $2,362, generating a pre-tax loss of $1,009. The Ties business was reported in the Rail Products business unit within the Rail segment. The Company’s Infrastructure segment consists of the Precast Concrete Products and Steel Products business units. The Precast Concrete Products business unit produces precast concrete buildings and a variety of specialty precast concrete products for use in several infrastructure end markets, including transportation, energy, and general infrastructure. The precast concrete buildings are primarily used as restrooms, concession stands, and protective storage buildings in national, state, and municipal parks, while other precast products include sound walls, bridge beams, box culverts, septic tanks, and other custom pre-stressed products. The Company leased a facility in Lake County, Florida in 2024, which will produce precast concrete wall systems when operations commence in 2025. The Steel Products business unit also produces threaded pipe products for industrial water well and irrigation markets as well pipe coatings for oil and gas markets. In addition, the segment produces bridge forms, which will be a retained business, and products associated with the Bridge Exit which includes bridge decking, bridge railing, structural steel fabrications, and expansion joints. On November 17, 2023, the Company acquired the operating assets of Cougar Mountain Precast, LLC (“Cougar”) which is a licensed manufacturer of Redi-Rock and natural concrete products for $1,644. Cougar has been included in the Precast Concrete Products business unit within the Infrastructure segment. On March 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of its Chemtec business, which was inclusive of its entire Precision Measurement Products and Services division, located in Willis, TX. Cash proceeds from the transaction were $5,344, resulting in a pre-tax loss of $2,065. The Chemtec business was reported in the Steel Products business unit within the Infrastructure segment. On August 30, 2023, the Company announced the Bridge Exit which was reported in the Steel Products business unit within the Infrastructure segment. The decision to exit the bridge grid deck product line was a result of a weak bridge grid deck market condition and outlook due to customer adoption of newer technologies replacing the grid deck solution. The Company continues to operate its bridge forms product line which is a newer technology and not subject to the same challenging market conditions. The Bedford, PA based operations supporting the discontinued bridge grid deck product line expect to complete any remaining customer obligations during 2025. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the product line had $3,700 and $6,146 in sales, respectively. During 2024, the Company incurred an immaterial amount of exit costs, all of which were personnel expenses. During 2023, the Company incurred $1,403 of Bridge Exit costs, of which $1,141 was recorded in “Cost of goods sold” and $262 was recorded in “Selling and administrative expenses.” These expenses included $474 in inventory write-downs, $667 in personnel related expenses, and $262 in other exit costs; the majority of cash payments were made in early 2024. During 2023 the Company also recorded a $1,977 reduction in net sales and a $3,051 reduction in gross profit stemming from changes in expected value of certain commercial projects associated with the Bridge Exit. Segment operating income includes reportable segment gross profit and direct expenses such as salaries, benefits, restructuring, research and development, professional and purchased services expenditures, amortization expense, bad debt expense, and other segment expenses. Additionally, segment operating income includes allocated corporate operating expenses associated with central services such as quality, logistics, environmental health and safety, information technology, insurance, and human resources. Other corporate functional costs that are associated with the operating segments are also allocated to the segments such as finance, marketing, credit and collections, and treasury functions. Operating expenses related to corporate headquarter functions are allocated to each segment based on segment headcount, revenue contribution, or activity of the business units within the segments, based on the corporate activity type provided to the segment. Management believes the allocation of corporate operating expenses provides an accurate presentation of how the segments utilize corporate support activities. This provides the CODM meaningful segment profitability information to support operating decisions and the allocation of resources. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies found in Note 1. Certain corporate costs are separately managed on a consolidated basis and are not allocated to the operating segments. These corporate costs include public company costs such as listing fees, audit fees, compliance costs, insurance costs, and Board of Directors fees. Additionally, certain corporate executive management costs, including costs of the corporate executive leadership team, and corporate management stock-based compensation expenses are not allocated to the operating segments. Finally, interest expense, income taxes, and certain other items included in other expense - net, which are managed on a consolidated basis, are not allocated to the operating segments. The operating results of the Company’s reportable segments were as follows as of and for the years ended December 31: 2024 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Net sales $ 326,869 $ 203,896 $ 530,765 Less: Cost of sales (254,400) (158,303) (412,703) Selling and administrative employment costs (32,002) (23,868) (55,870) Purchased services (1) (7,410) (6,336) (13,746) General administrative costs (2) (7,796) (4,735) (12,531) Amortization expense (3,349) (1,279) (4,628) Segment operating income $ 21,912 $ 9,375 $ 31,287 Reconciliation of segment operating income Total segment operating income $ 31,287 Gain on sales of former joint venture facility 3,477 Interest expense - net (4,992) Other expense - net (1,076) Public company costs (5,755) Corporate executive management costs (5,726) Corporate management stock-based compensation (2,065) Other corporate expenses (705) Income before income taxes $ 14,445 (1) Purchased services costs include contractor services, insurance expenditures, rental expense, and legal services. (2) General administrative costs generally include office supplies, utilities, advertising, bad debt expense, depreciation and restructuring expenditures. Included in the Rail segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2024, was a $1,134 expense related to restructuring. Included in the Infrastructure segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2024 was gain on the sale of ancillary property within the Steel Products business unit for total consideration of $1,300 generating an $815 gain on sale recorded in “Cost of goods sold” and a $113 expense related to restructuring. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company sold a former joint venture facility located in Magnolia, Texas generating a $3,477 gain on sale recorded in “Gain on sale of former joint venture facility” which is included as a component of corporate operating income. 2023 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Net sales $ 312,160 $ 231,584 $ 543,744 Less: Cost of sales (247,126) (184,574) (431,700) Selling and administrative employment costs (33,181) (25,007) (58,188) Purchased services (1) (7,264) (6,397) (13,661) General administrative costs (2) (9,011) (4,942) (13,953) Amortization expense (3,272) (2,042) (5,314) Segment operating income $ 12,306 $ 8,622 $ 20,928 Reconciliation of segment operating income Total segment operating income $ 20,928 Interest expense - net (5,528) Other expense - net (2,635) Public company costs (4,814) Corporate executive management costs (3,807) Corporate management stock-based compensation (2,816) Other corporate expenses (384) Income before income taxes $ 944 (1) Purchased services costs include contractor services, insurance expenditures, rental expense, and legal services. (2) General administrative costs generally include office supplies, utilities, advertising, bad debt expense, depreciation and restructuring expenditures. Included in the Rail operating income for the year ended December 31, 2023 was a $1,862 expense related to bad debt due to a customer filing for administrative protection and a $676 expense related to restructuring, both of which were within the Company’s UK-based Technology Services and Solutions business. Included in the Infrastructure segment operating income for the year ended December 31, 2023 were the Bridge Exit costs, as well as the sales and related gross profit impacts of the Bridge Exit. Reconciliations of reportable segment assets, depreciation and amortization, and expenditures for long-lived assets to the Company’s consolidated totals are as follows as of and for the years ended December 31: 2024 Segment Assets Depreciation/Amortization Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets Rail, Technologies, and Services $ 158,859 $ 4,793 $ 2,032 Infrastructure Solutions 123,755 7,417 6,366 Reportable segment total 282,614 12,210 8,398 Corporate 51,936 1,870 1,393 Total $ 334,550 $ 14,080 $ 9,791 2023 Segment Assets Depreciation/Amortization Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets Rail, Technologies, and Services $ 156,638 $ 5,172 $ 1,165 Infrastructure Solutions 130,247 8,262 2,349 Reportable segments total 286,885 13,434 3,514 Corporate 25,516 1,829 999 Total $ 312,401 $ 15,263 $ 4,513 For the year ended December 31, 2024, net sales from one customer of the Rail segment represented approximately $71,800 of the Company's consolidated net sales. During 2023, no single customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated net sales. Sales between segments were immaterial and eliminated in consolidation. The following table summarizes the Company’s sales by major geographic region in which the Company had operations for the years ended December 31: 2024 2023 United States $ 454,694 $ 463,936 Canada 22,088 24,925 United Kingdom 44,086 41,418 Other 9,897 13,465 Total net sales $ 530,765 $ 543,744 The following table summarizes the Company’s long-lived assets by geographic region as of December 31: 2024 2023 United States $ 72,899 $ 72,840 Canada 151 56 United Kingdom 1,765 1,833 Other 559 850 Total property, plant, and equipment - net $ 75,374 $ 75,579 The following table summarizes the Company’s sales by major product and service line for the years ended December 31: December 31, 2024 2023 Rail Products $ 207,696 $ 205,797 Global Friction Management 65,984 63,946 Technology Services and Solutions 53,189 42,417 Rail, Technologies, and Services 326,869 312,160 Precast Concrete Products 136,043 136,458 Steel Products 67,853 95,126 Infrastructure Solutions 203,896 231,584 Total net sales $ 530,765 $ 543,744

Revenue

Revenue	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue	Revenue The Company’s revenues are comprised of product and service sales, including products and services provided under long-term agreements with its customers. All revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligations under the contract, either implicit or explicit, by transferring the promised product or rendering a service to its customer either when its customer obtains control of the product or as the service is rendered. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct product or render a specific service to a customer. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation. The majority of the Company’s contracts have a single performance obligation, as the promise to transfer products or render services is not separately identifiable from other promises in the contract and, therefore, not distinct. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring products or providing services. Revenue is recorded net of returns, allowances, and customer discounts. Sales, value added, and other taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are accounted for on a net (excluded from revenues) basis. Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of goods sold. The Company’s performance obligations under long-term agreements with its customers are generally satisfied over time. Over time revenue is primarily comprised of transit infrastructure and technology services and solutions projects within the Rail segment, precast concrete buildings within the Precast Concrete Products division in the Infrastructure segment, and long-term bridge projects and custom precision metering systems within the Steel Products division in the Infrastructure segment. Revenue under these long-term agreements is generally recognized over time, either using an input measure based upon the proportion of actual costs incurred to estimated total project costs or an input measure based upon actual labor costs as a percentage of estimated total labor costs, depending upon which measure the Company believes best depicts the Company’s performance to date under the terms of the contract, or an output method, specifically units delivered, based upon certain customer acceptance and delivery requirements. The Company records contract liabilities in “Deferred revenue” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Deferred revenue of $10,205 and $12,479 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, consisted of customer billings or payments received for which the revenue recognition criteria had not yet been met as well as contract liabilities (billings in excess of costs) on over time revenue projects. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, revenue recognized over time was as follows: Year Ended December 31, Percentage of Total Net Sales 2024 2023 2024 2023 Over time input method $ 52,706 $ 59,864 10.0 % 11.1 % Over time output method 92,548 88,856 17.4 16.3 Total over time sales $ 145,254 $ 148,720 27.4 % 27.4 % Accounting for these long-term agreements involves the use of various techniques to estimate total revenues and costs. The Company estimates profit on these long-term agreements as the difference between total estimated revenues and expected costs to complete a contract and recognizes that profit over the life of the contract. Contract estimates are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events that may span several years. These assumptions include, among other things, labor productivity, cost and availability of materials, and timing of funding by customers. The nature of these long-term agreements may give rise to several types of variable consideration, such as claims and awards. Contract estimates may include additional revenue for submitted contract modifications, including at times unapproved change orders, if there exists an enforceable right to the modification, the amount can be reasonably estimated, and its realization is probable. These estimates are based on historical collection experience, anticipated performance, and the Company’s best judgment at that time. These amounts are generally included in the contract’s transaction price and are allocated over the remaining performance obligations. As a result of management's reviews of contract-related estimates, the Company makes adjustments to contract estimates that impact our revenue and profit totals. Changes in estimates are primarily attributed to updated considerations, including economic conditions and historic contract patterns, resulting in changes to anticipated revenue from existing contracts. In the event that a contract loss becomes known, the entire amount of the estimated loss is recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The majority of the Company’s revenue is from products transferred and services rendered to customers at a point in time, which is inherent in all major product and service categories. Point in time revenue accounted for 72.6% of revenue for each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time in which the customer obtains control of the product or service, which is generally when product title passes to the customer upon shipment or the service has been rendered to the customer. In limited cases, title does not transfer upon shipment and revenue is not recognized until the customer has received the products at a designated physical location. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, net sales by the timing of the transfer of goods and services were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Point in time $ 263,432 $ 122,079 $ 385,511 Over time 63,437 81,817 145,254 Total net sales $ 326,869 $ 203,896 $ 530,765 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Point in time $ 254,345 $ 140,679 $ 395,024 Over time 57,815 90,905 148,720 Total net sales $ 312,160 $ 231,584 $ 543,744 The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed receivables, costs in excess of billings (contract assets), and billings in excess of costs (contract liabilities), included in deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table sets forth the Company’s contract assets: Contract Assets Contract asset balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 29,489 Net additions to contract assets 7,490 Transfers from contract asset balance to accounts receivable (20,259) Contract asset balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 16,720 The following table sets forth the Company’s contract liabilities: Contract Liabilities Contract liability balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 2,189 Revenue recognized from contract liabilities (1,410) Increase in billings in excess of costs, excluding revenue recognized 1,529 Other adjustments (317) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 1,991 The Company has established policies regarding allowance for credit losses associated with contract assets, which includes standalone reserve assessments for its long-term, complex contracts as needed as well as detailed regular review and updates to contract margins, progress, and value. A standard reserve threshold is applied to contract assets related to short-term, less complex contracts. Management also regularly reviews collection patterns and future expected collections and makes necessary revisions to allowance for credit losses related to contract assets. During 2024, the Company recorded $2,593 in reductions to net sales stemming from changes in actual and expected values of certain commercial contracts. Such adjustments were $8,718 in 2023, including $2,987 associated with the Bridge Exit and other settled contracts. See Note 2 for additional information for the Company’s net sales by major product and service category. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $185,909 of remaining performance obligations, which is also referred to as backlog. Approximately 14.2% of the backlog as of December 31, 2024 was related to projects that are anticipated to extend beyond December 31, 2025.

Goodwill and Other Intangible A

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets	Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the following table represents the goodwill balance by reportable segment: Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Balance as of December 31, 2022: $ 19,948 $ 10,785 $ 30,733 Acquisitions — 1,336 1,336 Foreign currency translation impact 518 — 518 Balance as of December 31, 2023: 20,466 12,121 32,587 Cougar purchase accounting adjustment — (445) (445) Foreign currency translation impact (235) — (235) Balance as of December 31, 2024: $ 20,231 $ 11,676 $ 31,907 On November 17, 2023, the Company acquired Cougar Mountain Precast, LLC., for which all purchase accounting adjustments were finalized as of March 31, 2024. Purchase accounting finalization during the three months ended March 31, 2024 included adjustments to record $429 of gross intangible assets for customer relationships with a weighted average amortization period of 5 years and other immaterial adjustments. The Company elected to perform a qualitative assessment as an annual test of goodwill impairment in the fourth quarter of 2024 and, as a result of this assessment, the Company determined a quantitative assessment was not necessary and no impairments were recorded in 2024. However, future impairment charges could result if future projections diverge unfavorably from current expectations. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the components of the Company’s intangible assets were as follows: December 31, 2024 Weighted Average Gross Accumulated Net Patents 10 $ 308 $ (198) $ 110 Customer relationships 13 28,006 (19,958) 8,048 Trademarks and trade names 13 7,974 (5,219) 2,755 Technology 9 32,616 (28,923) 3,693 Favorable lease 6 327 (132) 195 $ 69,231 $ (54,430) $ 14,801 December 31, 2023 Weighted Average Gross Accumulated Net Patents 10 $ 335 $ (199) $ 136 Customer relationships 16 27,712 (17,236) 10,476 Trademarks and trade names 16 7,989 (4,593) 3,396 Technology 9 32,658 (27,906) 4,752 Favorable lease 6 327 (77) 250 $ 69,021 $ (50,011) $ 19,010 Intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives ranging from 3 to 25 years, with a total weighted average amortization period of approximately 11 years. Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $4,628 and $5,314, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2023, certain fully amortized intangible assets of $27 related to non-compete agreements were eliminated from gross intangible assets and accumulated amortization. Estimated annual amortization expense for the years ending December 31, 2025 and thereafter is as follows: Year Ending December 31, 2025 $ 2,957 2026 2,425 2027 2,107 2028 1,549 2029 1,158 2030 and thereafter 4,605 $ 14,801

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Accounts Receivable	Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Accounts receivable $ 66,105 $ 54,293 Allowance for credit losses (1,127) (809) Accounts receivable - net $ 64,978 $ 53,484 Changes in reserves for uncollectible accounts are recorded as part of “Selling and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and were an expense of $365 and $1,912 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The changes in reserves for uncollectible accounts are net of recoveries of previous write-offs of $335 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company established the allowance for credit losses by calculating the amount to reserve based on the age of a given trade receivable and considering historical collection patterns, bad debt expense experience, expected future trends of collections, current and expected market conditions, and any other relevant subjective adjustments as needed. Management maintains high-quality credit review practices and positive customer relationships that we believe mitigates credit risks. The Company’s reserves are regularly reviewed and revised as necessary. The following table sets forth the Company’s allowance for credit losses: Allowance for Credit Losses December 31, 2023 $ 809 Additions to the current period provision 700 Write-off against allowance (47) Recoveries of previous write-offs (335) December 31, 2024 $ 1,127

Inventory

Inventory	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Inventory	Inventory Inventory is valued at average cost or net realizable value, whichever is lower. The Company’s components of inventory as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized in the following table: December 31, 2024 2023 Finished goods $ 37,238 $ 44,518 Work-in-process 6,717 4,675 Raw materials 26,551 23,918 Inventories - net $ 70,506 $ 73,111

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, Plant and Equipment	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, Plant and Equipment	Property, Plant, and Equipment Property, plant, and equipment as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Land $ 5,864 $ 5,869 Improvements to land and leaseholds 19,566 19,404 Buildings 31,703 31,447 Machinery and equipment, including equipment under finance leases 117,377 118,190 Construction in progress 4,415 1,702 Gross property, plant, and equipment 178,925 176,612 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization, including accumulated amortization of finance leases (103,551) (101,033) Property, plant, and equipment - net $ 75,374 $ 75,579 Depreciation expense, including amortization of assets under finance leases, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $9,452 and $9,949, respectively. There were no material property, plant, and equipment impairments recorded for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Leases

Leases	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Leases	Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at its inception. Operating leases are included in “Operating lease right-of-use assets,” “Other accrued liabilities,” and “Long-term operating lease liabilities” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in “Property, plant, and equipment - net,” “Current maturities of long-term debt,” and “Long-term debt” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease right-of-use asset also includes indirect costs incurred and lease payments made prior to the commencement date, less any lease incentives received. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease and will be recognized when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components that it accounts for as a single lease component. Also, for certain equipment leases, the Company applies a portfolio approach to effectively account for the operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities. The Company has operating and finance leases for manufacturing facilities, corporate offices, sales offices, vehicles, and certain equipment. As of December 31, 2024, its leases had remaining lease terms of 1 to 10 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 12 years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within 1 year. The balance sheet components of the leases were as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Operating leases Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 18,480 $ 14,905 Other accrued liabilities $ 3,771 $ 3,040 Long-term operating lease liabilities 14,709 11,865 Total operating lease liabilities $ 18,480 $ 14,905 Finance leases Property, plant, and equipment $ 1,545 $ 1,317 Accumulated amortization (1,072) (1,104) Property, plant, and equipment - net $ 473 $ 213 Current maturities of long-term debt $ 167 $ 102 Long-term debt 306 111 Total finance lease liabilities $ 473 $ 213 The components of lease expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Finance lease cost: Amortization of finance leases $ 160 $ 186 Interest on lease liabilities 43 58 Operating lease cost 3,181 3,448 Sublease income (200) (200) Total lease cost $ 3,184 $ 3,492 The cash flow components of the leases were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ (3,746) $ (4,113) Financing cash flows from finance leases (212) (214) Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities: Operating leases $ 6,605 $ 404 The weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) and discount rate related to the operating leases were as follows for the periods presented: December 31, 2024 2023 Operating lease weighted-average remaining lease term 6 6 Operating lease weighted-average discount rate 5.5 % 5.2 % Finance lease weighted-average remaining lease term 4 2 Finance lease weighted-average discount rate 4.8 % 3.6 % As of December 31, 2024, estimated annual maturities of lease liabilities for the year ending December 31, 2025 and thereafter were as follows: Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2025 $ 4,589 $ 197 2026 4,526 126 2027 3,607 66 2028 3,151 65 2029 2,750 65 2030 and thereafter 2,417 60 21,040 579 Interest (2,560) (106) Total $ 18,480 $ 473
Leases	Leases The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at its inception. Operating leases are included in “Operating lease right-of-use assets,” “Other accrued liabilities,” and “Long-term operating lease liabilities” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in “Property, plant, and equipment - net,” “Current maturities of long-term debt,” and “Long-term debt” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments. The Company uses the implicit rate when readily determinable. The operating lease right-of-use asset also includes indirect costs incurred and lease payments made prior to the commencement date, less any lease incentives received. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease and will be recognized when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components that it accounts for as a single lease component. Also, for certain equipment leases, the Company applies a portfolio approach to effectively account for the operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities. The Company has operating and finance leases for manufacturing facilities, corporate offices, sales offices, vehicles, and certain equipment. As of December 31, 2024, its leases had remaining lease terms of 1 to 10 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to 12 years, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within 1 year. The balance sheet components of the leases were as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Operating leases Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 18,480 $ 14,905 Other accrued liabilities $ 3,771 $ 3,040 Long-term operating lease liabilities 14,709 11,865 Total operating lease liabilities $ 18,480 $ 14,905 Finance leases Property, plant, and equipment $ 1,545 $ 1,317 Accumulated amortization (1,072) (1,104) Property, plant, and equipment - net $ 473 $ 213 Current maturities of long-term debt $ 167 $ 102 Long-term debt 306 111 Total finance lease liabilities $ 473 $ 213 The components of lease expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Finance lease cost: Amortization of finance leases $ 160 $ 186 Interest on lease liabilities 43 58 Operating lease cost 3,181 3,448 Sublease income (200) (200) Total lease cost $ 3,184 $ 3,492 The cash flow components of the leases were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ (3,746) $ (4,113) Financing cash flows from finance leases (212) (214) Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities: Operating leases $ 6,605 $ 404 The weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) and discount rate related to the operating leases were as follows for the periods presented: December 31, 2024 2023 Operating lease weighted-average remaining lease term 6 6 Operating lease weighted-average discount rate 5.5 % 5.2 % Finance lease weighted-average remaining lease term 4 2 Finance lease weighted-average discount rate 4.8 % 3.6 % As of December 31, 2024, estimated annual maturities of lease liabilities for the year ending December 31, 2025 and thereafter were as follows: Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2025 $ 4,589 $ 197 2026 4,526 126 2027 3,607 66 2028 3,151 65 2029 2,750 65 2030 and thereafter 2,417 60 21,040 579 Interest (2,560) (106) Total $ 18,480 $ 473

Long-Term Debt and Related Matt

Long-Term Debt and Related Matters	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Long-Term Debt and Related Matters	Long-Term Debt and Related Matters Long-term debt as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Revolving credit facility with an interest rate of 6.38% as of December 31, 2024 and 7.40% as of December 31, 2023 $ 46,467 $ 55,060 Lease obligations payable in installments through 2024 with a weighted average interest rate of 4.80% as of December 31, 2024 and 4.67% as of December 31, 2023 473 213 Total debt 46,940 55,273 Less: current maturities (167) (102) Long-term portion $ 46,773 $ 55,171 The expected maturities of long-term debt for December 31, 2025 and thereafter are as follows: Year Ending December 31, 2025 $ 167 2026 46,577 2027 51 2028 50 2029 50 2030 and thereafter 45 Total $ 46,940 Borrowings On August 13, 2021, the Company, its domestic subsidiaries, and certain of its Canadian and United Kingdom subsidiaries (collectively, the “Borrowers”), entered into the Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, N.A., Citizens Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, Bank of America, N.A., and BMO Harris Bank, National Association. The Credit Agreement, as amended, modifies the prior amended revolving credit facility, on terms more favorable to the Company and extends the maturity from April 30, 2024 to August 13, 2026. The Credit Agreement provides for a five-year, revolving credit facility that permits aggregate borrowings of the Borrowers up to $130,000 with a sublimit of the equivalent of $25,000 U.S. dollars that is available to the Canadian and United Kingdom borrowers in the aggregate. The Credit Agreement’s incremental loan feature permits the Company to increase the available commitments under the facility by up to an additional $50,000 subject to the Company’s receipt of increased commitments from existing or new lenders and the satisfaction of certain conditions. On August 12, 2022, the Company entered into a second amendment to its Credit Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) which added an additional tier to the pricing grid and provided for the conversion from LIBOR-based to SOFR-based borrowings. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement, as amended, will bear interest at rates based upon either the base rate or SOFR rate plus applicable margins. The Credit Agreement includes two financial covenants: (a) Maximum Gross Leverage Ratio, defined as the Company’s consolidated Indebtedness (as defined in the Credit Agreement) divided by the Company’s consolidated EBITDA, which must not exceed (i) 3.25 to 1.00 for all testing periods other than during an Acquisition Period (as defined in the Credit Agreement), and (ii) 3.50 to 1.00 for all testing periods occurring during an Acquisition Period, and (b) Minimum Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, defined as the Company’s consolidated EBITDA divided by the Company’s Fixed Charges (as defined in the Credit Agreement), which must be more than 1.05 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company was in compliance with the covenants in the Credit Agreement, as amended. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had outstanding letters of credit of approximately $1,409 and $2,807, respectively, and had net available borrowing capacity of $82,124 and $72,133, respectively, subject to covenant restrictions. The maturity date of the facility is August 13, 2026.

Stockholders' Equity

Stockholders' Equity	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders’ Equity The Company had authorized shares of 20,000,000 in common stock with 11,115,779 shares issued as of December 31, 2024 and 2023. The common stock has a par value of $0.01 per share and the Company did not make any dividend payments during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company withheld 59,577 and 24,886 shares for approximately $1,429 and $315, respectively, from employees to pay their withholding taxes in connection with the vesting of restricted stock awards. During the first quarter of 2023, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $15,000 of the Company's common stock in open market transactions. Repurchases of shares of the Company’s common stock may be made from time to time in the open market or in such other manner as determined by the Company. The timing of the repurchases and the actual amount repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including the market price of the Company’s shares, general market and economic conditions, and other factors. The stock repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of common stock and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. On August 5, 2024, the Board of Directors approved the modification of the Company’s stock repurchase program. The modifications include revising the repurchase program expiration date from February 2026 to February 2025. Additionally, the Board of Directors removed the restriction which previously limited repurchases to $5,000 in any trailing 12-month period. The authorized repurchase amount was unchanged at $15,000. In connection with the stock repurchase program, 300,302 shares valued at $6,808 were repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2024 and 134,208 shares valued at $2,310 were repurchased during the year ended December 31, 2023. There were no dividends declared during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. On March 3, 2025, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $40,000 of the Company's common stock in open market transactions and/or 10b5-1 trading plans through February 29, 2028, as discussed in Note 20. Common Stock Treasury Outstanding (Number of Shares) Balance at end of 2022 338,952 10,776,827 Issued for stock-based compensation plans (91,316) 91,316 Repurchased common stock 134,208 (134,208) Balance at end of 2023 381,844 10,733,935 Issued for stock-based compensation plans (139,799) 139,799 Repurchased common stock 300,302 (300,302) Balance at end of 2024 542,347 10,573,432

Accumulated Other Comprehensive

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Pension and post-retirement benefit plan adjustments $ 93 $ (921) Unrealized income on interest rate swap contracts 685 1,278 Foreign currency translation adjustments (22,494) (19,607) Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ (21,716) $ (19,250) During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company reclassified $1,174 of pension and post-retirement benefit plan adjustments from “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” to “Other expense - net” as a result of the termination our frozen L.B. Foster Company Merged Retirement Plan, discussed further in Note 16. Foreign currency translation adjustments are generally not adjusted for income taxes as they relate to indefinite investments in non-US subsidiaries. See Note 13 for further information.

Earnings Per Common Share

Earnings Per Common Share	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Common Share	Earnings Per Common Share (Share amounts in thousands) The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per common share: Net income attributable to L.B. Foster Company $ 42,946 $ 1,464 Denominator: Weighted average shares outstanding 10,721 10,799 Denominator for basic earnings per common share 10,721 10,799 Effect of dilutive securities: Stock compensation plans 327 196 Dilutive potential common shares 327 196 Denominator for diluted earnings per common share - adjusted weighted average shares outstanding and assumed conversions 11,048 10,995 Basic earnings per common share $ 4.01 $ 0.14 Diluted earnings per common share $ 3.89 $ 0.13

Income Taxes

Income Taxes	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes	13. Income Taxes Income before income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, includes the following components for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Domestic $ 21,200 $ 14,575 Foreign (6,755) (13,631) Income before income taxes $ 14,445 $ 944 Significant components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Current: Federal $ — $ (16) State 2 53 Foreign 745 1,460 Total current 747 1,497 Deferred: Federal (21,441) — State (7,691) — Foreign (13) (1,852) Total deferred (29,145) (1,852) Total income tax (benefit) expense $ (28,398) $ (355) The reconciliation of income tax computed at statutory rates to income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Amount Percent Amount Percent Statutory rate $ 3,033 21.0 % $ 198 21.0 % Foreign tax rate differential (249) (1.7) (520) (55.1) State income taxes, net of federal benefit 772 5.3 322 34.1 Non-deductible expenses 221 1.5 206 21.8 Non-deductible executive compensation 400 2.8 256 27.1 Income tax credits (164) (1.1) (218) (23.1) Change in income tax rates (229) (1.6) (38) (4.0) Tax on unremitted foreign earnings 148 1.0 181 19.2 Change in valuation allowance (31,937) (221.1) (723) (76.6) Other (393) (2.7) (19) (2.0) Total income tax (benefit) expense / effective rate $ (28,398) (196.6) % $ (355) (37.6) % Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: Goodwill and other intangibles $ 1,224 $ 1,762 Accrued settlement — 2,001 Deferred compensation 3,885 4,127 Contingent liabilities 448 600 Net operating loss / tax credit carryforwards 35,431 36,217 Pension and post-retirement liability — 149 Inventories 1,082 852 Warranty reserve 138 146 Accounts receivable 265 201 Interest deduction carryforward 1,444 1,882 Capitalized research expenditures 1,882 1,599 Other 453 680 Total deferred tax assets 46,252 50,216 Less: valuation allowance (8,223) (40,125) Net deferred tax assets 38,029 10,091 Deferred tax liabilities: Goodwill and other intangibles (1,472) (2,181) Depreciation (7,845) (8,596) Pension and post-retirement liability (410) — Unrealized income on interest rate swap contracts (110) (306) Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries (195) (50) Other (247) (190) Total deferred tax liabilities (10,279) (11,323) Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets $ 27,750 $ (1,232) A valuation allowance is required to be established or maintained when, based on currently available information and other factors, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company has considered all available evidence, both positive and negative, in assessing the need for a valuation allowance in each jurisdiction. During 2024, the Company reversed $34,210 of its valuation allowance previously recorded against certain U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. The positive evidence considered in evaluating U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets included the Company's cumulative financial income position over the previous three years, as well as the composition and reversal patterns of existing taxable and deductible temporary differences between financial reporting and tax. Based on our evaluation, the Company believed it was appropriate to rely on forecasted future taxable income to support its U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets. The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if negative evidence outweighs additional subjective evidence such as the Company's projections for growth. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had a federal Net Operating Loss (“NOL”) carryforward of $93,344, which is limited to 80% of taxable income annually, but may be carried forward indefinitely. The Company also has federal research tax credit carryforwards in the amount of $1,228 that will expire at various times from 2036 through 2044. Based on information available as of December 31, 2024, the Company believes it is more likely than not that the tax benefits from the federal loss carryforwards and research tax credit carryforwards will be realized. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the tax benefit of NOL carryforwards available for state income tax purposes was $9,802 and $10,137, respectively. Many state NOL carryforwards will expire in various years through 2044, while some may be carried forward indefinitely. Based on information available as of December 31, 2024, the Company believes it is more likely than not that a portion of the tax benefit from state operating loss carryforwards will not be realized. In recognition of this risk, the Company has provided a valuation allowance of $2,153 against deferred tax assets related to state operating loss carryforwards as of December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the Company has NOL carryforwards in certain foreign jurisdictions of $26,346, which may be carried forward indefinitely. The foreign jurisdictions have incurred cumulative financial losses over the three-year period ended December 31, 2024 and have projected future taxable losses. Based on information available as of December 31, 2024, the Company believes it is more likely than not that the tax benefit from these loss carryforwards will not be realized. In recognition of this risk, it has provided a valuation allowance of $6,070, collectively, against deferred tax assets in foreign jurisdictions as of December 31, 2024. The determination to record or not record a valuation allowance involves management's judgment, based on the consideration of positive and negative evidence available at the time of the assessment. Management will continue to assess the realization of its deferred tax assets based upon future evidence, and may record adjustments to valuation allowances against deferred tax assets in future periods, as appropriate, that could materially impact net income. Each quarter, management reviews operations and liquidity needs in each jurisdiction to assess the Company’s intent to reinvest foreign earnings outside of the United States. As of December 31, 2024, management determined that a portion of the Company’s outside basis differences in its foreign subsidiaries would not be indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. The Company has accrued foreign withholding taxes of $195 related to $3,900 of outside basis differences in its foreign subsidiaries that are not indefinitely reinvested as of December 31, 2024. It is management’s intent and practice to indefinitely reinvest all other undistributed earnings outside of the United States. Determination of the amount of any unrecognized deferred income tax liability associated with these undistributed earnings is not practicable because of the complexities of the hypothetical calculation. The following table provides a reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 2023 Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of period: $ 307 $ 354 Decreases based on tax positions for prior periods (42) (47) Balance at end of period $ 265 $ 307 The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate was $265 as of December 31, 2024. The Company accrues interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its provision for income taxes. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits of $294 and $332, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, the Company did not expect any material increases or decreases to its unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months. Ultimate realization of these tax benefits is dependent upon the occurrence of certain events, including the completion of audits by tax authorities and expiration of statutes of limitations. The Company files income tax returns in the US and in various state, local, and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is subject to federal income tax examinations for the 2021 period and thereafter. With respect to the state, local, and foreign filings, certain entities of the Company are subject to income tax examinations for the 2020 period and thereafter.

Stock-based Compensation

Stock-based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]
Stock-based Compensation	Stock-based Compensation The Company applies the provisions of ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock-based Compensation,” to account for the Company’s stock-based compensation. Stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the calculated fair value of the award and is recognized over the employees’ requisite service period. Stock forfeitures and cancellations are recognized as they occur. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $3,834 and $4,179 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, unrecognized compensation expense for awards that the Company expects to vest approximated $5,154. The Company will recognize this unrecognized compensation expense over approximately 2.2 years through February 13, 2027. Shares issued as a result of vested stock-based compensation generally will be from previously issued shares that have been reacquired by the Company and held as treasury stock or authorized but previously unissued common stock. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had stock awards issued pursuant to the 2022 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan”) and its predecessor, the 2006 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Omnibus Plan”). The Omnibus Plan allowed for the issuance of 2,058,000 shares of common stock through the granting of stock options or stock awards (including performance units convertible into stock) to key employees and directors at no less than 100% of fair market value on the date of the grant. The Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan allows for the issuance of 1,924,077 shares of common stock, which includes 1,835,000 shares that were authorized under the Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan and 89,077 shares remaining available for the Omnibus Incentive Plan, through the granting of stock options or stock awards (including performance units and restricted stock units convertible into stock) to key employees and directors at no less than 100% of fair market value on the date of the grant. The total number of shares of common stock available for issuance, including shares that were forfeited, cancelled, expired, settled for cash, or unearned under the Omnibus Plan, were available for awards under the Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan as of its approval date. The Omnibus Plan and Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan provide for the granting of “nonqualified options” with a duration of not more than ten years from the date of grant. The Omnibus Plan and Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan also provide that, unless otherwise set forth in the option agreement, stock options are exercisable in installments of up to 25% annually beginning one year from the date of grant. No stock options have been granted under the Omnibus Plan or Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan and, as such, there was no stock-based compensation expense related to stock options recorded in 2024 and 2023. Non-Employee Director Fully-Vested and Restricted Stock Awards Since May 2018, non-employee directors have been awarded shares of the Company’s common stock on each date the non-employee directors were elected at the annual shareholders’ meeting to serve as directors, subject to a one-year vesting requirement. The Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors under the Omnibus Plan and, by amendment, under the Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan, which permits non-employee directors of the Company to defer receipt of earned cash and/or stock compensation for service on the Board into deferred stock units. Non-Employee directors may elect to receive quarterly cash compensation in the form of fully-vested stock. During 2024, a Board member has elected to receive fully vested stock in lieu of cash compensation. During 2024 and 2023, the non-employee directors were granted a total of 22,458 and 39,312 restricted shares, respectively. Compensation expense recorded by the Company related to such awards to non-employee directors was approximately $589 and $468 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. During 2024, no deferred share units were allotted to the accounts of the non-employee directors pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors. The weighted average fair value of all the restricted stock grants awarded was $27.45 and $13.00 per share for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Restricted Stock and Performance-Based Stock and Share Units Under the Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan and Omnibus Plan, the Company grants certain employees restricted stock and performance-based stock and share units. The forfeitable restricted stock awards granted generally time-vest ratably over a three-year period, unless indicated otherwise by the underlying restricted stock award agreement. Performance unit awards are offered annually under separate three-year long-term incentive programs, unless indicated otherwise by the underlying performance unit award agreement. Performance units are subject to forfeiture and will be converted into common stock based upon the Company’s performance relative to performance measures and conversion multiples as defined in the underlying program. If the Company’s estimate of the number of performance stock awards expected to vest changes in a subsequent accounting period, cumulative compensation expense could increase or decrease. The change is recognized in the current period for the performance unit awards and would change future expense over the remaining service period. The following table summarizes the restricted stock award, deferred stock units, and performance unit award activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Restricted Deferred Performance Weighted Average Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 174,173 46,268 108,478 $ 17.77 Granted 181,914 — 367,558 11.78 Vested (88,367) (33,864) — 15.97 Net adjustment for incentive awards — — 84,302 13.75 Canceled and forfeited (2,750) — — 14.46 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 264,970 12,404 560,338 14.10 Granted 90,807 — 86,772 24.69 Vested (148,808) (12,404) (29,778) 14.51 Net adjustment for incentive awards — — (82,374) 17.46 Canceled and forfeited (3,417) — (437) 14.43 Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 203,552 — 534,521 $ 16.31 Commencing in 2022, Performance Stock Units may be earned annually during each year of the three year program and converted into restricted stock units which settle in common stock at the end of each three year period. Performance Stock Units are adjusted to the Company’s expected performance target attainment, while the weighted average aggregate grant date fair value in the above table is based upon achieving 100% of the performance targets as defined in the underlying plan. In June 2022, under the Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan, the Company approved the Strategy Transformation Plan performance-based incentive stock award to incentivize key personnel for the strategic transformation of the Company. Under the four-year program, participants shall be eligible for a performance stock unit award of Company common stock with 50% of the shares earned based on the achievement of EBITDA Margin and 50% of the shares earned based on the Company’s stock price for the projected payout. In February 2021, under the Omnibus Plan, the Company established a performance-based incentive stock award retention program to incentivize and retain key personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic by driving stock price. Under this five-year program, participants have the opportunity to earn up to 3,333 shares of Company common stock. The first 50% of the shares (1,666 shares) are earned based on achievement of a consecutive thirty (30) day average Nasdaq closing price of $25.00. The second 50% of the shares (1,666 shares) are earned based on achievement of a consecutive thirty (30) day average Nasdaq closing price of $30.00. The value of any shares awarded will be determined using a Monte Carlo methodology for the projected payout. The program and opportunity to earn the shares expires on February 28, 2026.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value Measurements The Company determines the fair value of assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The fair values are based on assumptions that market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk and the risks inherent in valuation techniques and the inputs to valuations. The fair value hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s own assumptions of what market participants would use. The fair value hierarchy includes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value as described below. Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data. Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data. The classification of a financial asset or liability within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. SOFR-based interest rate swaps - To reduce the impact of interest rate changes on outstanding variable-rate debt, the Company amended and entered into forward-starting SOFR-based interest rate swaps, with notional values totaling $20,000 and $20,000 effective August 12, 2022 and August 31, 2022 and expiring March 1, 2025 and August 13, 2026, respectively. The fair value of the interest rate swaps is based on market-observable forward interest rates and represents the estimated amount that the Company would pay to terminate the agreements. As such, the swap agreements are classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the interest rate swaps were recorded in “Other current assets” when the interest rate swaps’ fair market value are in an asset position and “Other accrued liabilities” when in a liability position within our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2024 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2023 December 31, 2024 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 December 31, 2023 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Interest rate swaps $ 430 $ — $ 430 $ — $ 1,225 $ — $ 1,225 $ — Total assets $ 430 $ — $ 430 $ — $ 1,225 $ — $ 1,225 $ — The $20,000 interest rate swaps that became effective August 2022 are accounted for as cash flow hedges and the objective of the hedges is to offset the expected interest variability on payments associated with the interest rate on our debt. The gains and losses related to the interest rate swaps are reclassified from “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and included in “Interest expense - net” in our Consolidated Statements of Operations as the interest expense from our debt is recognized. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized interest income of $1,306 and $1,206, respectively, from interest rate swaps. In accordance with the provisions of ASC 820, the Company measures certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities at fair value, which are recognized and disclosed on a nonrecurring basis. The gross carrying value of the Company’s revolving credit facility approximates fair value for the periods presented. Additional information regarding the revolving credit facility can be found in Note 9. Information regarding the fair value disclosures associated with the assets of the Company’s defined benefit plans can be found in Note 16.

Retirement Plans

Retirement Plans	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Retirement Plans	Retirement Plans The Company provides retirement plans that cover its hourly and salaried employees. In the US, as of December 31, 2024 the Company has two defined contribution plans. Employees are eligible to participate in the appropriate plan based on employment classification. The Company's contributions to the defined contribution plans are governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and the Company’s policy and investment guidelines of the applicable plan. The Company’s policy is to contribute at least the required minimum in accordance with the funding standards of ERISA. The Company maintains one defined contribution plans for its employees in Canada. In the United Kingdom, the Company maintains two defined contribution plans and a defined benefit plan, which is frozen. These plans are discussed in further detail below. On May 23, 2024, the Company's Board of Directors approved the termination of the frozen L.B. Foster Company Merged Retirement Plan (the “US DB Plan”) and the Portec Rail Products (UK) Limited Pension Scheme (the “UK DB Plan”). At such time, the Company notified all plan participants of the Company's intentions to terminate and fully settle the obligations. United States Defined Benefit Plan During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company completed the termination of the US DB Plan by distributing all the assets of its US DB Plan and by making additional cash contributions of $1,806 to effectuate the termination of this plan. The settlement of these obligations resulted in the recognition of a charge of $1,722 which has been presented as a component of “Other expense - net” for the year ended December 31, 2024. The following tables present a reconciliation of the changes in the benefit obligation, the fair market value of the assets, and the funded status of the plan, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 2023 Changes in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 5,909 $ 6,101 Service cost — — Interest cost 265 286 Actuarial gain (150) (23) Benefits paid (432) (455) Settlements (5,592) — Benefit obligation at end of year $ — $ 5,909 Change to plan assets: Fair value of assets at beginning of year $ 3,923 $ 3,792 Actual gain (loss) on plan assets (61) 310 Employer contribution 2,274 276 Benefits paid (432) (455) Reversion (112) Settlements (5,592) — Fair value of assets at end of year — 3,923 Funded status at end of year $ — $ (1,986) Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: Other long-term liabilities $ — $ (1,986) Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of: Net loss $ — $ 1,598 Net periodic pension costs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Components of net periodic benefit cost: Interest cost $ 265 $ 286 Expected return on plan assets (271) (256) Recognized net actuarial loss 58 62 Net periodic pension cost $ 52 $ 92 Settlement charge 1,722 — Total pension expense $ 1,774 $ 92 The weighted average assumptions in the following table represent the rates used to develop the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation for the year listed and also the net periodic benefit cost for the following year. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Discount rate 4.7 % 4.9 % Expected rate of return on plan assets 7.0 % 7.0 % The expected long-term rate of return is based on numerous factors, including the target asset allocation for plan assets, historical rate of return, long-term inflation assumptions, and current and projected market conditions. Amounts applicable to the Company’s pension plan with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were as follows as of December 31, 2023: December 31, 2023 Projected benefit obligation $ 5,909 Accumulated benefit obligation 5,909 Fair value of plan assets 3,923 Plan assets consist primarily of various fixed income and equity investments. The Company’s primary investment objective is to provide long-term growth of capital while accepting a moderate level of risk. The investments are limited to cash and cash equivalents, bonds, preferred stocks, and common stocks. The investment target ranges and actual allocation of pension plan assets by major category as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: December 31, Target 2023 Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents 0 - 20% 4 % Total fixed income funds 25 - 50% 33 Total mutual funds and equities 35 - 70% 63 Total 100 % In accordance with the fair value disclosure requirements of ASC 820, the following assets were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023. Additional information regarding ASC 820 and the fair value hierarchy can be found in Note 15. December 31, 2023 Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents $ 160 Fixed income funds Corporate bonds 845 Total fixed income funds 845 Equity funds and equities Mutual funds — Exchange-traded funds 2,918 Total mutual funds and equities 2,918 Total $ 3,923 Cash equivalents: The Company uses quoted market prices to determine the fair value of these investments in interest-bearing cash accounts and they are classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying amounts approximate fair value because of the short maturity of the instruments. Fixed income funds: Investments within the fixed income funds category consist of fixed income corporate debt. The Company uses quoted market prices to determine the fair values of these fixed income funds. These instruments consist of exchange-traded government and corporate bonds and are classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Equity funds and equities: The valuation of investments in registered investment companies is based on the underlying investments in securities. Securities traded on security exchanges are valued at the latest quoted sales price. Securities traded in the over-the-counter market and listed securities for which no sale was reported on that date are valued at the average of the last reported bid and ask quotations. These investments are classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. United Kingdom Defined Benefit Plan The Company’s UK defined benefit plan covers certain current employees, former employees, and retirees. The plan has been frozen to new entrants since April 1, 1997 and also covers the former employees of a merged plan after January 2002. Benefits under the plan were based on years of service and eligible compensation during defined periods of service. The Company’s funding policy for the plan is to make minimum annual contributions required by applicable regulations. The UK DB Plan is fully funded as of December 31, 2024. The funded status of the United Kingdom defined benefit plan as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Changes in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 5,011 $ 4,671 Interest cost 215 229 Actuarial gain (134) 154 Benefits paid (322) (292) Foreign currency exchange rate changes (66) 249 Benefit obligation at end of year $ 4,704 $ 5,011 Change to plan assets: Fair value of assets at beginning of year $ 6,399 $ 5,745 Actual gain (loss) on plan assets 137 323 Employer contribution 214 318 Benefits paid (322) (292) Foreign currency exchange rate changes (83) 305 Fair value of assets at end of year 6,345 6,399 Funded status at end of year $ 1,641 $ 1,388 Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: Other assets $ 1,641 $ 1,388 Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of: Net gain $ (703) $ (567) Prior service cost 46 71 Total $ (657) $ (496) The Company's UK DB Plan is fully funded as of December 31, 2024. In January 2025, the Company entered into an insurance buy-in contract with a third party insurer which resulted in an exchange of plan assets for an annuity that covers our future projected benefit obligations. The Company expects the buy out of the plan and transfer of future benefit obligations of plan participants to be completed in early 2026. The Company does not expect to make any further contributions to the UK DB Plan. Net periodic pension costs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Components of net periodic benefit gain: Interest cost $ 215 $ 229 Expected return on plan assets (380) (346) Amortization of prior service cost 24 24 Recognized net actuarial loss 33 18 Net periodic pension gain $ (108) $ (75) The weighted average assumptions in the following table represent the rates used to develop the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation for the year listed and also the net periodic benefit cost for the following year. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Discount rate 5.4 % 4.5 % Expected rate of return on plan assets 5.3 % 6.0 % Amounts applicable to the Company’s pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 2023 Projected benefit obligation $ 4,704 $ 5,011 Accumulated benefit obligation 4,704 5,011 Fair value of plan assets 6,345 6,399 The Company has estimated the long-term rate of return on plan assets based primarily on historical returns on plan assets, adjusted for changes in target portfolio allocations, and recent changes in long-term interest rates based on publicly available information. Plan assets are invested by the trustees in accordance with a written statement of investment principles. This statement permits investment in equities, corporate bonds, United Kingdom government securities, commercial property, and cash, based on certain target allocation percentages. Asset allocation is primarily based on a strategy to provide steady growth without undue fluctuations. The target asset allocation percentages for 2024 were as follows: Equity securities Up to 100% Commercial property Not to exceed 50% UK Government securities Not to exceed 50% Cash Up to 100% Plan assets held within the United Kingdom defined benefit plan consist of cash and equity securities that have been classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. All other plan assets have been classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The plan assets by category for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents $ 139 $ 127 Equity securities — 3,676 Bonds 6,206 1,693 Other — 903 Total $ 6,345 $ 6,399 United Kingdom regulations require trustees to adopt a prudent approach to funding required contributions to defined benefit pension plans. The UK DB Plan expects to make $336 of benefit payments in 2025 prior to the termination of the plan in early 2026. Defined Contribution Plans The Company sponsors five defined contribution plans for hourly and salaried employees across its domestic and international facilities. The following table summarizes the expense associated with the contributions made to these plans. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 United States $ 2,757 $ 2,841 Canada 124 114 United Kingdom 1,165 1,178 $ 4,046 $ 4,133

Commitments and Contingent Liab

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingent Liabilities	Commitments and Contingent Liabilities The Company is subject to product warranty claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business. For certain manufactured products, the Company maintains a product warranty accrual, which is adjusted on a monthly basis as a percentage of cost of sales. In addition, the product warranty accrual is adjusted periodically based on the identification or resolution of known individual product warranty claims. The following table sets forth the Company’s product warranty accrual: Warranty Liability Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 688 Additions to warranty liability 397 Warranty liability utilized (483) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 602 On March 13, 2019, the Company and its subsidiary, CXT Incorporated (“CXT”), entered into a Settlement Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with Union Pacific Railroad Company (“UPRR”) to resolve the pending litigation in the matter of Union Pacific Railroad Company v. L.B. Foster Company and CXT Incorporated , Case No. CI 15-564, in the District Court for Douglas County, Nebraska. Under the Settlement Agreement, the Company and CXT agreed to pay UPRR the aggregate amount of $50,000 without pre-judgment interest, which began with a $2,000 immediate payment, and with the remaining $48,000 paid in installments over a six-year period commencing on the effective date of the Settlement Agreement through December 2024 pursuant to a Promissory Note. Additionally, commencing in January 2019 and continuing through December 2024, UPRR agreed to purchase and has been purchasing from the Company and its subsidiaries and affiliates, a cumulative total amount of $48,000 of products and services, targeting $8,000 of annual purchases per year beginning March 13, 2019 per letters of intent under the Settlement Agreement. During the third quarter of 2021, in connection with the Company’s divestiture of its Piling Products division, the targeted annual purchases per year were reduced to $6,000 for 2021 through 2024. The Settlement Agreement also includes a mutual release of all claims and liability regarding or relating to all CXT pre-stressed concrete railroad ties with no admission of liability and dismissal of the litigation with prejudice. As of December 31, 2024 the UPRR Settlement Agreement has been fully paid. The Company reclassified $6,600 of the previously accrued warranty reserve related to the UPRR matter into its aggregate accrued settlement liability of $50,000 as of December 31, 2018. Therefore, the Company recognized $43,400 in expense for the year ended December 31, 2018 for the remaining amount per the Settlement Agreement, which was recorded in “Concrete Tie Settlement expense” within its Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2023, $8,000 was recorded within “Current portion of accrued settlement” within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Other Legal Matters The Company is also subject to other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Legal actions are subject to inherent uncertainties, and future events could change management’s assessment of the probability or estimated amount of potential losses from pending or threatened legal actions. Based on available information, it is the opinion of management that the ultimate resolution of pending or threatened legal actions, both individually and in the aggregate, will not result in losses having a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or liquidity as of December 31, 2024. If management believes that, based on available information, it is at least reasonably possible that a material loss (or additional material loss in excess of any accrual) will be incurred in connection with any legal actions, the Company discloses an estimate of the possible loss or range of loss, either individually or in the aggregate, as appropriate, if such an estimate can be made, or discloses that an estimate cannot be made. Based on the Company’s assessment as of December 31, 2024, no such disclosures were considered necessary. Environmental Matters The Company is subject to national, state, foreign, provincial, and/or local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. The Company’s efforts to comply with environmental regulations may have an adverse effect on its future earnings. On June 5, 2017, a General Notice Letter was received from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) indicating that the Company may be a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) regarding the Portland Harbor Superfund Site cleanup along with numerous other companies. More than 140 other companies received such a notice. The Company and a predecessor owned and operated a facility near the harbor site for a period prior to 1982. The net present value and undiscounted costs of the selected remedy throughout the harbor site are estimated by the EPA to be approximately $1.1 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively, and the remedial work is expected to take as long as 13 years to complete. Other estimates indicate that these costs may increase given that the remedy will not be initiated or completed for several years. The Company is reviewing the basis for its identification by the EPA and the nature of the historic operations of a Company predecessor near the site. Additionally, the Company executed a PRP agreement which provides for a private allocation process among almost 100 PRPs in a working group whose work is ongoing and involves a process that will ultimately conclude a proposed allocation of liability for cleanup of the site and various sub-areas. The Company does not have any individual risk sharing agreements in place with respect to the site, and was only associated with the site from 1976 to when it purchased the stock of a company whose assets it sold in 1982 and which was dissolved in 1994. On March 26, 2020, the EPA issued a Unilateral Administrative Order to two parties requiring them to perform remedial design work for that portion of the Harbor Superfund Site that includes the area closest to the facility; the Company was not a recipient of this Unilateral Administrative Order. On December 2, 2024, the Company and many other PRPs received a Special Notice Letter ("SNL") from the EPA regarding a formal initiation of negotiations for the investigation and cleanup of the Portland Harbor Superfund Site and requesting a "good faith offer" from certain PRPs as to remediation and reimbursement of costs within 120 days, which, if accepted, would lead to a formal Consent Decree which may not be entered under the EPA's proposed schedule until fall of 2026 or by March 2027. The deadline for a response has been extended to May 30, 2025. The Company cannot predict the ultimate impact of these proceedings and the SNLs because of the large number of PRPs involved throughout the harbor site, the size and extent of the site, the degree of contamination of various wastes, varying environmental impacts throughout the harbor site, the scarcity of data related to the facility once operated by the Company and a predecessor, potential comparative liability between the allocation parties and regarding non-participants, and the speculative nature of the remediation costs. Based upon information currently available, management does not believe that the Company’s alleged PRP status regarding the Portland Harbor Superfund Site or other compliance with the present environmental protection laws will have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, competitive position, or capital expenditures of the Company. As more information develops and the allocation process is completed, and given the resolution factors like those described above, an unfavorable resolution could have a material adverse effect. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company maintained environmental reserves approximating $1,796 and $2,417, respectively. The following table sets forth the Company’s undiscounted environmental obligation: Environmental Liability Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 2,417 Additions to environmental obligations — Environmental reserve adjustment (600) Environmental obligations utilized (21) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 1,796

Other Expense

Other Expense	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Other Expense	Other Expense The following table summarizes the Company’s other expense - net for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: 2024 2023 Pension termination costs (a) $ 1,722 $ — Loss on the sale of Chemtec (b) — 2,065 Loss on the sale of Concrete Ties (c) — 1,009 Insurance proceeds (d) (38) (215) Foreign currency (gains) losses (154) 77 Other (454) (301) Other expense - net $ 1,076 $ 2,635 a. During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company terminated its US DB Plan generating pension settlement costs of $1,722. b. On March 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of its Chemtec business, which was inclusive of its entire Precision Measurement Products and Services division, generating a $2,065 pre-tax loss. c. On June 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of the Ties business, located in Spokane, WA, generating a $1,009 loss on the sale. d. In 2024 and 2023, the Company received $38 and $215 in insurance proceeds, respectively.

Restructuring Costs

Restructuring Costs	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Restructuring Costs	Restructuring Costs In August 2024, the Company announced an enterprise restructuring program aligned with its strategy to reduce costs and enable investment in its growth platforms. The restructuring action has been completed as of December 31, 2024. The following table sets forth restructuring costs by segment for the year ended December 31, 2024: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Rail, Technologies, and Services $ 1,134 Infrastructure Solutions 113 Corporate 209 Total $ 1,456 The Company's $1,456 restructuring expense The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the beginning and ending restructuring liability balance through December 31, 2024 (the remaining liability is expected to be paid in 2025): Restructuring Liability Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ — Restructuring costs 1,456 Cash paid (769) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 687

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events On March 3, 2025, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $40,000 of the Company’s common stock in open market transactions and/or 10b5-1 trading plans through February 29, 2028. Any repurchases will be subject to the Company’s liquidity, including availability of borrowings and covenant compliance under its revolving credit facility, and other capital needs of the business.

Schedule II Valuation and Quali

Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]
Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts	SCHEDULE II VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2024 AND 2023 Balance at Beginning of Year Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses Other adjustments (1) Balance at End of Year Allowance for credit losses For the year ended December 31, 2024 $ 809 $ 700 $ (382) $ 1,127 2023 $ 813 $ 1,020 $ (1,024) $ 809 (1) Notes and accounts receivable written off as uncollectible or allowance reversed. Balance at Beginning of Year Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses Other adjustments (1) Balance at End of Year Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets For the year ended December 31, 2024 $ 40,125 $ (31,937) $ 35 $ 8,223 2023 $ 40,601 $ (723) $ 247 $ 40,125 (1) 2023 consists primarily of adjustments related to unrealized income on interest rate swap contracts. 2024 consists primarily of adjustments related to foreign currency translation.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net income attributable to L.B. Foster Company	$ 42,946	$ 1,464

Insider Trading Arrangements

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Insider Trading Policies and Pr

Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted	true

Cybersecurity Risk Management a

Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy Disclosure	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, and Governance [Line Items]
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes for Assessing, Identifying, and Managing Threats [Text Block]	The Company’s cybersecurity program is designed to protect its digital assets and information, and to allow for the secure storage and transmission of proprietary or confidential information regarding our customers, employees, job applicants, and other parties, including financial information, intellectual property, and personal identification information. The Company’s cybersecurity program is formed on a risk-based approach in accordance with industry best practices, and is calibrated with recommendations from third party risk management consultants, auditors, cybersecurity professionals, and cybersecurity insurers. Portions of our business are certified under the Cyber Essentials program. Additionally, the Company has performed an ISO 27001 gap analysis and goals have been set forth to comply with ISO 27001 company-wide. Our cybersecurity program includes: • a comprehensive cyber education program with ongoing employee cybersecurity awareness and training activities, which include frequent phishing simulation, testing, and ongoing education; • access management and access controls with periodic reviews; • protection of certain data through encryption at rest and in transit; • endpoint and network monitoring and protection software; • sensitive data transmission detection tools; • the engagement of a managed detection and response service which monitors the Company’s environment at all times for threats, and in the event of an incident, provides proactive services; • a vulnerability management program that includes identifying and managing the cybersecurity risk associated with third-party service providers, including third-party software, hardware, and network infrastructure; • a dedicated internal cybersecurity team and a cyber incident response plan that provides controls and procedures to support appropriate identification, containment, response, investigation, reporting, and recovery from cybersecurity incidents; • simulated cyber security emergency response readiness scenario training with key IT personnel and executive leadership; • periodic testing of our cybersecurity posture, including by independent third-party consultants; and • integrating cybersecurity requirements and other provision into various contracts. The Company has continued to invest in cybersecurity to evolve and improve its program and regularly assesses and measures itself against industry practices to identify opportunities to enhance training and awareness among our people and improve processes and technology used to identify, prevent, detect, respond, and recover from cybersecurity incidents. When such improvements are identified and validated as appropriate in the Company’s business context, they are incorporated in the roadmap for implementation. To date, although the Company has been subject to cyber-attacks, the risks and impacts from cybersecurity threats have not materially affected the Company. We have significantly increased our cybersecurity investments over the last several years and have implemented cybersecurity safeguards designed to detect and prevent cybersecurity events that may have a material adverse effect on the Company. Notwithstanding our increased cybersecurity investments and preparedness activities, sophisticated and targeted computer crime perpetrated by threat actors internal or external to the Company poses a risk to the security of our systems, facilities, and networks and to the confidentiality, availability, and integrity of our data, including but not limited to intellectual property and confidential and personal data. This could result in a violation of applicable privacy and other laws, legal and financial exposure, negative impacts on our customers’ willingness to transact business with us, and a loss of confidence in our security measures, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and our reputation. Refer to the risk factor titled “We are subject to cybersecurity risks and may incur increasing costs in an effort to minimize those risks” in Item 1A of this Form 10-K for further detail regarding cybersecurity risks that could affect the Company’s operations. We maintain insurance covering certain costs that we may incur in connection with cybersecurity incidents, which we believe is commensurate with the size and the nature of our operations. However, the Company may incur expenses and losses related to a cyber incident that are not covered by insurance or are in excess of our insurance coverage.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Processes Integrated [Text Block]	The Company’s cybersecurity program is designed to protect its digital assets and information, and to allow for the secure storage and transmission of proprietary or confidential information regarding our customers, employees, job applicants, and other parties, including financial information, intellectual property, and personal identification information. The Company’s cybersecurity program is formed on a risk-based approach in accordance with industry best practices, and is calibrated with recommendations from third party risk management consultants, auditors, cybersecurity professionals, and cybersecurity insurers. Portions of our business are certified under the Cyber Essentials program. Additionally, the Company has performed an ISO 27001 gap analysis and goals have been set forth to comply with ISO 27001 company-wide. Our cybersecurity program includes: • a comprehensive cyber education program with ongoing employee cybersecurity awareness and training activities, which include frequent phishing simulation, testing, and ongoing education; • access management and access controls with periodic reviews; • protection of certain data through encryption at rest and in transit; • endpoint and network monitoring and protection software; • sensitive data transmission detection tools; • the engagement of a managed detection and response service which monitors the Company’s environment at all times for threats, and in the event of an incident, provides proactive services; • a vulnerability management program that includes identifying and managing the cybersecurity risk associated with third-party service providers, including third-party software, hardware, and network infrastructure; • a dedicated internal cybersecurity team and a cyber incident response plan that provides controls and procedures to support appropriate identification, containment, response, investigation, reporting, and recovery from cybersecurity incidents; • simulated cyber security emergency response readiness scenario training with key IT personnel and executive leadership; • periodic testing of our cybersecurity posture, including by independent third-party consultants; and • integrating cybersecurity requirements and other provision into various contracts.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Third Party Engaged [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Third Party Oversight and Identification Processes [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Materially Affected or Reasonably Likely to Materially Affect Registrant [Flag]	false
Cybersecurity Risk Board of Directors Oversight [Text Block]	The Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) has overall responsibility for the oversight of risk management at L.B. Foster Company, which includes cybersecurity risks.
Cybersecurity Risk Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	The Audit Committee of the Board (the “Audit Committee”), is responsible for oversight of the Company’s Enterprise Risk Management (“ERM”) program which provides oversight and governance of all of the Company’s operational and financial risks, specifically including risks from cybersecurity threats to the Company. As described below, the Audit Committee receives regular reports and periodic briefings from senior management on cybersecurity matters, including key risks to the Company, recent developments, and risk mitigation activities.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Board Committee or Subcommittee Responsible for Oversight [Text Block]	As described below, the Audit Committee receives regular reports and periodic briefings from senior management on cybersecurity matters, including key risks to the Company, recent developments, and risk mitigation activities.
Cybersecurity Risk Role of Management [Text Block]	The Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) has overall responsibility for the oversight of risk management at L.B. Foster Company, which includes cybersecurity risks. The Audit Committee of the Board (the “Audit Committee”), is responsible for oversight of the Company’s Enterprise Risk Management (“ERM”) program which provides oversight and governance of all of the Company’s operational and financial risks, specifically including risks from cybersecurity threats to the Company. As described below, the Audit Committee receives regular reports and periodic briefings from senior management on cybersecurity matters, including key risks to the Company, recent developments, and risk mitigation activities. The Company has a Cyber Incident Response Team (“CIRT”) of trained information technology professionals who are responsible for assessing, identifying, and managing our material risks from cybersecurity threats on an ongoing basis, all of whom have extensive background, experience, and education in information technology and computer science and are subject to training on industry-leading security platforms and tools as well as continuing education to maximize capabilities with the tools and technology of the Company. This team is overseen by the Vice President of Information Technology, who facilitates the regular cybersecurity updates to the Audit Committee. The Company also has a Cyber Security Materiality Assessment Committee (“CMAC”) comprised of the Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel, and information technology and security representatives, which is responsible for assessment of material cybersecurity incidents and communicating such incidents to the Chief Executive Officer, Audit Committee, and the Board. The CIRT maintains an internal execution and communication plan that is designed to measure the impact, assess initial materiality, record the incident, invoke the incident response plan, and communicate the occurrence of certain cybersecurity events or incidents to appropriate members of senior management (including the CMAC) within established procedural time frames. This communication hierarchy includes protocols for informing the Chief Executive Officer, Audit Committee, and the full Board of certain cybersecurity events or incidents and for determining the materiality thereof.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Flag]	true
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	This team is overseen by the Vice President of Information Technology, who facilitates the regular cybersecurity updates to the Audit Committee. The Company also has a Cyber Security Materiality Assessment Committee (“CMAC”) comprised of the Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel, and information technology and security representatives, which is responsible for assessment of material cybersecurity incidents and communicating such incidents to the Chief Executive Officer, Audit Committee, and the Board. The CIRT maintains an internal execution and communication plan that is designed to measure the impact, assess initial materiality, record the incident, invoke the incident response plan, and communicate the occurrence of certain cybersecurity events or incidents to appropriate members of senior management (including the CMAC) within established procedural time frames. This communication hierarchy includes protocols for informing the Chief Executive Officer, Audit Committee, and the full Board of certain cybersecurity events or incidents and for determining the materiality thereof.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Expertise of Management Responsible [Text Block]	The Company has a Cyber Incident Response Team (“CIRT”) of trained information technology professionals who are responsible for assessing, identifying, and managing our material risks from cybersecurity threats on an ongoing basis, all of whom have extensive background, experience, and education in information technology and computer science and are subject to training on industry-leading security platforms and tools as well as continuing education to maximize capabilities with the tools and technology of the Company.
Cybersecurity Risk Process for Informing Management or Committees Responsible [Text Block]	This team is overseen by the Vice President of Information Technology, who facilitates the regular cybersecurity updates to the Audit Committee. The Company also has a Cyber Security Materiality Assessment Committee (“CMAC”) comprised of the Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel, and information technology and security representatives, which is responsible for assessment of material cybersecurity incidents and communicating such incidents to the Chief Executive Officer, Audit Committee, and the Board.
Cybersecurity Risk Management Positions or Committees Responsible Report to Board [Flag]	true

Summary of Significant Accoun_2

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Organization, operations, and basis of consolidation	Organization, operations, and basis of consolidation The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of L.B. Foster Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, joint ventures, and partnerships in which a controlling interest is held. Inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated. The Company utilizes the equity method of accounting for companies where its ownership is less than or equal to 50% and significant influence exists. L.B. Foster Company (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a global technology solutions provider of engineered, manufactured products and services that builds and supports infrastructure. The Company’s innovative engineering and product development solutions address the safety, reliability, and performance needs of its customers’ most challenging requirements. The Company maintains locations in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. The Company is organized and operated in two reporting segments: Rail, Technologies, and Services (“Rail”) and Infrastructure Solutions (“Infrastructure”). The Rail segment is comprised of several manufacturing and distribution businesses that provide a variety of products and services for freight and passenger railroads and industrial companies throughout the world. The Infrastructure segment is composed of nine operating facilities across the US providing engineered precast concrete solutions, as well as fabricated bridge, protective pipe coating, and pipe threading offerings across North America.
Use of estimates	Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) requires management to make estimates, judgements, and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates and changes in these estimates are recorded when known.
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents The Company considers cash and other instruments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company invests available funds in a manner to preserve investment principal and maintain liquidity. Cash and cash equivalents held in non-domestic accounts were $1,882 and $2,193 as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Accounts Receivable	Accounts Receivable Trade receivables are carried at their estimated collectible amounts. Trade credit is generally extended on a short-term basis; thus trade receivables do not bear interest. Credit is extended based upon an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and, while collateral is not required, the Company periodically receives surety bonds that guarantee payment. Credit terms are consistent with industry standards and practices.
Inventory	Inventory
Property, plant and equipment	Property, plant, and equipment Depreciation and amortization are provided on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of 10 to 40 years for buildings and 2 to 50 years for machinery and equipment. Leasehold improvements are amortized over 3 to 19 years, which represent the lives of the respective leases or the lives of the improvements, whichever is shorter. Depreciation expense is recorded within “Cost of goods sold,” “Cost of services sold,” and “Selling and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations based upon the particular asset’s use. The Company reviews a long-lived asset for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company recognizes an impairment loss if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. There were no material property, plant, and equipment impairments recorded for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals are charged to operations as incurred. Major renewals and betterments that substantially extend the useful life of the property are capitalized at cost. Upon the sale or other disposition of assets, the costs and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is reflected in “Cost of goods sold,” “Cost of services sold,” and “Selling and administrative expenses” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations based upon the particular asset’s use.
Allowance for credit losses	Allowance for credit losses The Company established the allowance for credit losses by calculating the amount to reserve based on the age of a given trade receivable and considering historical collection patterns, bad debt expense experience, expected future trends of collections, current and expected market conditions, and any other relevant subjective adjustments as needed. Management maintains high-quality credit review practices and positive customer relationships that we believe mitigates credit risks. The Company’s reserves are regularly reviewed and revised as necessary. Reserves for uncollectible accounts are recorded as part of “Selling and administrative expenses” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company has also established policies regarding allowance for credit losses associated with contract assets, which includes standalone reserve assessments for its long-term, complex contracts as needed as well as detailed regular review and updates to contract margins, progress, and value. A standard reserve threshold is applied to contract assets related to short-term, less complex contracts. Management also regularly reviews collection patterns and future expected collections and makes necessary revisions to allowance for credit losses related to contract assets.
Goodwill and other intangible assets	Goodwill and other intangible assets Goodwill is the cost of an acquisition less the fair value of the identifiable net assets of the acquired business. Goodwill is tested annually for impairment or more often if there are indicators of impairment within a reporting unit. A reporting unit is an operating segment or a component of an operating segment for which discrete financial information is available and reviewed by management on a regular basis. The goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. When evaluating for impairment the Company may first consider qualitative factors to assess whether there are indicators that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit may not exceed its carrying amount. If we do not perform a qualitative assessment, or if we determine that it is more like than not that the fair value of the reporting unit does not exceed its carrying value, we perform a quantitative assessment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the excess amount up to the goodwill balance is recorded as a component of operations. The Company's quantitative analysis considers and evaluates each of the three traditional approaches to value: the income approach, the market approach, and the asset approach. The Company uses a combination of a discounted cash flow method and a market approach to determine the fair values of the reporting units. The Company performs its annual impairment tests in the fourth quarter. The Company’s fourth quarter 2024 annual test included the assessment of a qualitative analysis to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit is less than its carrying value and was not required to perform a quantitative assessment. The qualitative assessment considers fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The qualitative assessment considered and evaluated a variety of events or factors that could influence the fair value of the reporting unit, including, but not limited to, actual and projected reporting unit profitability, changes in key personnel, legal and regulatory conditions, industry outlook, macroeconomic conditions, and the reporting units’ competitive position. No impairment was recorded during 2024. The Company also monitors the recoverability of the long-lived assets associated with the asset groups of the Company and the long-term financial projections of the businesses to assess for asset impairment. The Company has no indefinite-lived intangible assets. The Company reviews a long-lived intangible asset for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable. All intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives.
Environmental remediation and compliance	Environmental remediation and compliance Environmental remediation costs are accrued when a liability is probable and costs are estimable. Environmental compliance costs, which principally include the disposal of waste generated by routine operations, are expensed as incurred. Reserves are not reduced by potential claims for recovery and are not discounted. Claims for recovery are recognized as agreements are reached with third parties or as amounts are received. Reserves are periodically reviewed throughout the year and adjusted to reflect current remediation progress, prospective estimates of required activity, and other factors that may be relevant, including changes in technology or regulations.
Revenue recognition	Revenue recognition The Company’s revenues are comprised of product and service sales, including products and services provided under long-term agreements with its customers. All revenue is recognized when the Company satisfies its performance obligations under the respective contract, either implicit or explicit, by transferring the promised product or rendering a service to its customer either when or as its customer obtains control of the product or the service is rendered. Deferred revenue consists of customer billings or payments received for which the revenue recognition criteria have not yet been met as well as contract liabilities (billings in excess of costs) on over time contracts. Advance payments from customers typically relate to contracts for which the Company has significantly fulfilled its obligations, but due to the Company’s continuing involvement with the project, revenue is precluded from being recognized until the performance obligation is met for the customer.
Product warranty	Product warranty
Income taxes	Income taxes Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred taxes are measured using enacted tax laws and rates expected to be in effect when such differences are recovered or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred taxes is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of the change. The Company has also elected to record income taxes associated with global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) as period costs if and when incurred. The Company makes judgments regarding the recognition of deferred tax assets and the future realization of these assets. As prescribed by the FASB’s ASC 740, “Income Taxes” and applicable guidance, valuation allowances must be provided for those deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not (a likelihood of more than 50%) that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The guidance requires the Company to evaluate positive and negative evidence regarding the recoverability of deferred tax assets. The determination of whether the positive evidence outweighs the negative evidence and quantification of the valuation allowance requires the Company to make estimates and judgments of future financial results. The Company has concluded that for purposes of quantifying valuation allowances, it would be appropriate to consider the reversal of taxable temporary differences related to indefinite-lived intangible assets when assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets that upon reversal, would give rise to operating losses that do not expire. The Company evaluates all tax positions taken on its federal, state, and foreign tax filings to determine if the position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. For positions that meet the more likely than not to be sustained criteria, the largest amount of benefit to be realized upon ultimate settlement is determined on a cumulative probability basis. A previously recognized tax position is derecognized when it is subsequently determined that a tax position no longer meets the more likely than not threshold to be sustained. The evaluation of the sustainability of a tax position and the expected tax benefit is based on judgment, historical experience, and various other assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates upon subsequent resolution of identified matters. The Company accrues interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in its provision for income taxes.
Foreign currency translation	Foreign currency translation
Research and development	Research and development
Recently issued accounting guidance	Recently issued accounting guidance In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”), which requires enhanced disclosures regarding significant segment expenses that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and included in each reported measure of segment profit or loss, including an amount for “other segment items” by reportable segment and a description of its composition. ASU 2023-07 also requires entities to disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses reported measures of segment profit or loss to assess performance and allocate resources. The Company adopted this guidance for the year ended December 31, 2024 and applied to the guidance retrospectively to all periods presented in the financial statements. The expanded disclosures of the provision of ASU 2023-07 are included in Note 2. ASU 2023-07 affects only disclosures with no impacts to the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires entities to disclose additional information with respect to the effective tax rate reconciliation and disaggregation of income tax expense and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09, but does not expect this standard to have a material effect on its financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Business Segments (Tables)

Business Segments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment	The operating results of the Company’s reportable segments were as follows as of and for the years ended December 31: 2024 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Net sales $ 326,869 $ 203,896 $ 530,765 Less: Cost of sales (254,400) (158,303) (412,703) Selling and administrative employment costs (32,002) (23,868) (55,870) Purchased services (1) (7,410) (6,336) (13,746) General administrative costs (2) (7,796) (4,735) (12,531) Amortization expense (3,349) (1,279) (4,628) Segment operating income $ 21,912 $ 9,375 $ 31,287 Reconciliation of segment operating income Total segment operating income $ 31,287 Gain on sales of former joint venture facility 3,477 Interest expense - net (4,992) Other expense - net (1,076) Public company costs (5,755) Corporate executive management costs (5,726) Corporate management stock-based compensation (2,065) Other corporate expenses (705) Income before income taxes $ 14,445 (1) Purchased services costs include contractor services, insurance expenditures, rental expense, and legal services. (2) General administrative costs generally include office supplies, utilities, advertising, bad debt expense, depreciation and restructuring expenditures. 2023 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Net sales $ 312,160 $ 231,584 $ 543,744 Less: Cost of sales (247,126) (184,574) (431,700) Selling and administrative employment costs (33,181) (25,007) (58,188) Purchased services (1) (7,264) (6,397) (13,661) General administrative costs (2) (9,011) (4,942) (13,953) Amortization expense (3,272) (2,042) (5,314) Segment operating income $ 12,306 $ 8,622 $ 20,928 Reconciliation of segment operating income Total segment operating income $ 20,928 Interest expense - net (5,528) Other expense - net (2,635) Public company costs (4,814) Corporate executive management costs (3,807) Corporate management stock-based compensation (2,816) Other corporate expenses (384) Income before income taxes $ 944 (1) Purchased services costs include contractor services, insurance expenditures, rental expense, and legal services. (2) General administrative costs generally include office supplies, utilities, advertising, bad debt expense, depreciation and restructuring expenditures. Reconciliations of reportable segment assets, depreciation and amortization, and expenditures for long-lived assets to the Company’s consolidated totals are as follows as of and for the years ended December 31: 2024 Segment Assets Depreciation/Amortization Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets Rail, Technologies, and Services $ 158,859 $ 4,793 $ 2,032 Infrastructure Solutions 123,755 7,417 6,366 Reportable segment total 282,614 12,210 8,398 Corporate 51,936 1,870 1,393 Total $ 334,550 $ 14,080 $ 9,791 2023 Segment Assets Depreciation/Amortization Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets Rail, Technologies, and Services $ 156,638 $ 5,172 $ 1,165 Infrastructure Solutions 130,247 8,262 2,349 Reportable segments total 286,885 13,434 3,514 Corporate 25,516 1,829 999 Total $ 312,401 $ 15,263 $ 4,513
Schedule of Revenue from Customer by Major Geographical Region	The following table summarizes the Company’s sales by major geographic region in which the Company had operations for the years ended December 31: 2024 2023 United States $ 454,694 $ 463,936 Canada 22,088 24,925 United Kingdom 44,086 41,418 Other 9,897 13,465 Total net sales $ 530,765 $ 543,744
Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Areas	The following table summarizes the Company’s long-lived assets by geographic region as of December 31: 2024 2023 United States $ 72,899 $ 72,840 Canada 151 56 United Kingdom 1,765 1,833 Other 559 850 Total property, plant, and equipment - net $ 75,374 $ 75,579
Schedule of Reconciliation of Revenue from Segments to Consolidated	The following table summarizes the Company’s sales by major product and service line for the years ended December 31: December 31, 2024 2023 Rail Products $ 207,696 $ 205,797 Global Friction Management 65,984 63,946 Technology Services and Solutions 53,189 42,417 Rail, Technologies, and Services 326,869 312,160 Precast Concrete Products 136,043 136,458 Steel Products 67,853 95,126 Infrastructure Solutions 203,896 231,584 Total net sales $ 530,765 $ 543,744

Revenue (Tables)

Revenue (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue	For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, revenue recognized over time was as follows: Year Ended December 31, Percentage of Total Net Sales 2024 2023 2024 2023 Over time input method $ 52,706 $ 59,864 10.0 % 11.1 % Over time output method 92,548 88,856 17.4 16.3 Total over time sales $ 145,254 $ 148,720 27.4 % 27.4 % For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, net sales by the timing of the transfer of goods and services were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Point in time $ 263,432 $ 122,079 $ 385,511 Over time 63,437 81,817 145,254 Total net sales $ 326,869 $ 203,896 $ 530,765 Year Ended December 31, 2023 Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Point in time $ 254,345 $ 140,679 $ 395,024 Over time 57,815 90,905 148,720 Total net sales $ 312,160 $ 231,584 $ 543,744
Schedule of Contract with Customer, Contract Asset, Contract Liability	The following table sets forth the Company’s contract assets: Contract Assets Contract asset balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 29,489 Net additions to contract assets 7,490 Transfers from contract asset balance to accounts receivable (20,259) Contract asset balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 16,720 The following table sets forth the Company’s contract liabilities: Contract Liabilities Contract liability balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 2,189 Revenue recognized from contract liabilities (1,410) Increase in billings in excess of costs, excluding revenue recognized 1,529 Other adjustments (317) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 1,991

Goodwill and Other Intangible_2

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Goodwill	As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the following table represents the goodwill balance by reportable segment: Rail, Technologies, and Services Infrastructure Solutions Total Balance as of December 31, 2022: $ 19,948 $ 10,785 $ 30,733 Acquisitions — 1,336 1,336 Foreign currency translation impact 518 — 518 Balance as of December 31, 2023: 20,466 12,121 32,587 Cougar purchase accounting adjustment — (445) (445) Foreign currency translation impact (235) — (235) Balance as of December 31, 2024: $ 20,231 $ 11,676 $ 31,907
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets	As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the components of the Company’s intangible assets were as follows: December 31, 2024 Weighted Average Gross Accumulated Net Patents 10 $ 308 $ (198) $ 110 Customer relationships 13 28,006 (19,958) 8,048 Trademarks and trade names 13 7,974 (5,219) 2,755 Technology 9 32,616 (28,923) 3,693 Favorable lease 6 327 (132) 195 $ 69,231 $ (54,430) $ 14,801 December 31, 2023 Weighted Average Gross Accumulated Net Patents 10 $ 335 $ (199) $ 136 Customer relationships 16 27,712 (17,236) 10,476 Trademarks and trade names 16 7,989 (4,593) 3,396 Technology 9 32,658 (27,906) 4,752 Favorable lease 6 327 (77) 250 $ 69,021 $ (50,011) $ 19,010
Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense	Estimated annual amortization expense for the years ending December 31, 2025 and thereafter is as follows: Year Ending December 31, 2025 $ 2,957 2026 2,425 2027 2,107 2028 1,549 2029 1,158 2030 and thereafter 4,605 $ 14,801

Accounts Receivable (Tables)

Accounts Receivable (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]
Schedule of Accounts Receivable Detail	Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Accounts receivable $ 66,105 $ 54,293 Allowance for credit losses (1,127) (809) Accounts receivable - net $ 64,978 $ 53,484
Schedule of Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss	The following table sets forth the Company’s allowance for credit losses: Allowance for Credit Losses December 31, 2023 $ 809 Additions to the current period provision 700 Write-off against allowance (47) Recoveries of previous write-offs (335) December 31, 2024 $ 1,127

Inventory (Tables)

Inventory (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Inventory	The Company’s components of inventory as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized in the following table: December 31, 2024 2023 Finished goods $ 37,238 $ 44,518 Work-in-process 6,717 4,675 Raw materials 26,551 23,918 Inventories - net $ 70,506 $ 73,111

Property, Plant and Equipment (

Property, Plant and Equipment (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment	Property, plant, and equipment as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Land $ 5,864 $ 5,869 Improvements to land and leaseholds 19,566 19,404 Buildings 31,703 31,447 Machinery and equipment, including equipment under finance leases 117,377 118,190 Construction in progress 4,415 1,702 Gross property, plant, and equipment 178,925 176,612 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization, including accumulated amortization of finance leases (103,551) (101,033) Property, plant, and equipment - net $ 75,374 $ 75,579

Leases (Tables)

Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]
Schedule of Balance Sheet Location	The balance sheet components of the leases were as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 December 31, 2023 Operating leases Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 18,480 $ 14,905 Other accrued liabilities $ 3,771 $ 3,040 Long-term operating lease liabilities 14,709 11,865 Total operating lease liabilities $ 18,480 $ 14,905 Finance leases Property, plant, and equipment $ 1,545 $ 1,317 Accumulated amortization (1,072) (1,104) Property, plant, and equipment - net $ 473 $ 213 Current maturities of long-term debt $ 167 $ 102 Long-term debt 306 111 Total finance lease liabilities $ 473 $ 213
Schedule of Components of Lease Cost	The components of lease expense within the Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Finance lease cost: Amortization of finance leases $ 160 $ 186 Interest on lease liabilities 43 58 Operating lease cost 3,181 3,448 Sublease income (200) (200) Total lease cost $ 3,184 $ 3,492 The cash flow components of the leases were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases $ (3,746) $ (4,113) Financing cash flows from finance leases (212) (214) Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities: Operating leases $ 6,605 $ 404 The weighted-average remaining lease term (in years) and discount rate related to the operating leases were as follows for the periods presented: December 31, 2024 2023 Operating lease weighted-average remaining lease term 6 6 Operating lease weighted-average discount rate 5.5 % 5.2 % Finance lease weighted-average remaining lease term 4 2 Finance lease weighted-average discount rate 4.8 % 3.6 %
Schedule of Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity	As of December 31, 2024, estimated annual maturities of lease liabilities for the year ending December 31, 2025 and thereafter were as follows: Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2025 $ 4,589 $ 197 2026 4,526 126 2027 3,607 66 2028 3,151 65 2029 2,750 65 2030 and thereafter 2,417 60 21,040 579 Interest (2,560) (106) Total $ 18,480 $ 473
Schedule of Finance Lease, Liability, Maturity	As of December 31, 2024, estimated annual maturities of lease liabilities for the year ending December 31, 2025 and thereafter were as follows: Year Ending December 31, Operating Leases Finance Leases 2025 $ 4,589 $ 197 2026 4,526 126 2027 3,607 66 2028 3,151 65 2029 2,750 65 2030 and thereafter 2,417 60 21,040 579 Interest (2,560) (106) Total $ 18,480 $ 473

Long-Term Debt and Related Ma_2

Long-Term Debt and Related Matters (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Long-term Debt Instruments	Long-term debt as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following: December 31, 2024 2023 Revolving credit facility with an interest rate of 6.38% as of December 31, 2024 and 7.40% as of December 31, 2023 $ 46,467 $ 55,060 Lease obligations payable in installments through 2024 with a weighted average interest rate of 4.80% as of December 31, 2024 and 4.67% as of December 31, 2023 473 213 Total debt 46,940 55,273 Less: current maturities (167) (102) Long-term portion $ 46,773 $ 55,171
Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt	The expected maturities of long-term debt for December 31, 2025 and thereafter are as follows: Year Ending December 31, 2025 $ 167 2026 46,577 2027 51 2028 50 2029 50 2030 and thereafter 45 Total $ 46,940

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)

Stockholders' Equity (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Common Stock Outstanding Roll Forward	Common Stock Treasury Outstanding (Number of Shares) Balance at end of 2022 338,952 10,776,827 Issued for stock-based compensation plans (91,316) 91,316 Repurchased common stock 134,208 (134,208) Balance at end of 2023 381,844 10,733,935 Issued for stock-based compensation plans (139,799) 139,799 Repurchased common stock 300,302 (300,302) Balance at end of 2024 542,347 10,573,432

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Pension and post-retirement benefit plan adjustments $ 93 $ (921) Unrealized income on interest rate swap contracts 685 1,278 Foreign currency translation adjustments (22,494) (19,607) Accumulated other comprehensive loss $ (21,716) $ (19,250)

Earnings Per Common Share (Tabl

Earnings Per Common Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted	The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per common share: Net income attributable to L.B. Foster Company $ 42,946 $ 1,464 Denominator: Weighted average shares outstanding 10,721 10,799 Denominator for basic earnings per common share 10,721 10,799 Effect of dilutive securities: Stock compensation plans 327 196 Dilutive potential common shares 327 196 Denominator for diluted earnings per common share - adjusted weighted average shares outstanding and assumed conversions 11,048 10,995 Basic earnings per common share $ 4.01 $ 0.14 Diluted earnings per common share $ 3.89 $ 0.13

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Components of Income before Income Tax	Income before income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, includes the following components for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Domestic $ 21,200 $ 14,575 Foreign (6,755) (13,631) Income before income taxes $ 14,445 $ 944
Schedule of Significant Components of Income Tax	Significant components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Current: Federal $ — $ (16) State 2 53 Foreign 745 1,460 Total current 747 1,497 Deferred: Federal (21,441) — State (7,691) — Foreign (13) (1,852) Total deferred (29,145) (1,852) Total income tax (benefit) expense $ (28,398) $ (355)
Schedule of Reconciliation of Statutory Income to Income Tax Expense	The reconciliation of income tax computed at statutory rates to income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 is as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Amount Percent Amount Percent Statutory rate $ 3,033 21.0 % $ 198 21.0 % Foreign tax rate differential (249) (1.7) (520) (55.1) State income taxes, net of federal benefit 772 5.3 322 34.1 Non-deductible expenses 221 1.5 206 21.8 Non-deductible executive compensation 400 2.8 256 27.1 Income tax credits (164) (1.1) (218) (23.1) Change in income tax rates (229) (1.6) (38) (4.0) Tax on unremitted foreign earnings 148 1.0 181 19.2 Change in valuation allowance (31,937) (221.1) (723) (76.6) Other (393) (2.7) (19) (2.0) Total income tax (benefit) expense / effective rate $ (28,398) (196.6) % $ (355) (37.6) %
Schedule of Significant Components of Deferred Tax Asset and Liability	Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Deferred tax assets: Goodwill and other intangibles $ 1,224 $ 1,762 Accrued settlement — 2,001 Deferred compensation 3,885 4,127 Contingent liabilities 448 600 Net operating loss / tax credit carryforwards 35,431 36,217 Pension and post-retirement liability — 149 Inventories 1,082 852 Warranty reserve 138 146 Accounts receivable 265 201 Interest deduction carryforward 1,444 1,882 Capitalized research expenditures 1,882 1,599 Other 453 680 Total deferred tax assets 46,252 50,216 Less: valuation allowance (8,223) (40,125) Net deferred tax assets 38,029 10,091 Deferred tax liabilities: Goodwill and other intangibles (1,472) (2,181) Depreciation (7,845) (8,596) Pension and post-retirement liability (410) — Unrealized income on interest rate swap contracts (110) (306) Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries (195) (50) Other (247) (190) Total deferred tax liabilities (10,279) (11,323) Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets $ 27,750 $ (1,232)
Schedule of Reconciliation of Unrealized tax Benefits	The following table provides a reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 2023 Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of period: $ 307 $ 354 Decreases based on tax positions for prior periods (42) (47) Balance at end of period $ 265 $ 307

Stock-based Compensation (Table

Stock-based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]
Schedule of Nonvested Share Activity	The following table summarizes the restricted stock award, deferred stock units, and performance unit award activity for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: Restricted Deferred Performance Weighted Average Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 174,173 46,268 108,478 $ 17.77 Granted 181,914 — 367,558 11.78 Vested (88,367) (33,864) — 15.97 Net adjustment for incentive awards — — 84,302 13.75 Canceled and forfeited (2,750) — — 14.46 Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 264,970 12,404 560,338 14.10 Granted 90,807 — 86,772 24.69 Vested (148,808) (12,404) (29,778) 14.51 Net adjustment for incentive awards — — (82,374) 17.46 Canceled and forfeited (3,417) — (437) 14.43 Outstanding as of December 31, 2024 203,552 — 534,521 $ 16.31

Fair Value Measurements (Tables

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis	Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2024 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2023 December 31, 2024 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 December 31, 2023 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Interest rate swaps $ 430 $ — $ 430 $ — $ 1,225 $ — $ 1,225 $ — Total assets $ 430 $ — $ 430 $ — $ 1,225 $ — $ 1,225 $ —

Retirement Plans (Tables)

Retirement Plans (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Changes in Projected Benefit Obligations, Fair Value of Plan Assets, and Funded Status of Plan	The following tables present a reconciliation of the changes in the benefit obligation, the fair market value of the assets, and the funded status of the plan, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 2023 Changes in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 5,909 $ 6,101 Service cost — — Interest cost 265 286 Actuarial gain (150) (23) Benefits paid (432) (455) Settlements (5,592) — Benefit obligation at end of year $ — $ 5,909 Change to plan assets: Fair value of assets at beginning of year $ 3,923 $ 3,792 Actual gain (loss) on plan assets (61) 310 Employer contribution 2,274 276 Benefits paid (432) (455) Reversion (112) Settlements (5,592) — Fair value of assets at end of year — 3,923 Funded status at end of year $ — $ (1,986) Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: Other long-term liabilities $ — $ (1,986) Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of: Net loss $ — $ 1,598 The funded status of the United Kingdom defined benefit plan as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 was as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Changes in benefit obligation: Benefit obligation at beginning of year $ 5,011 $ 4,671 Interest cost 215 229 Actuarial gain (134) 154 Benefits paid (322) (292) Foreign currency exchange rate changes (66) 249 Benefit obligation at end of year $ 4,704 $ 5,011 Change to plan assets: Fair value of assets at beginning of year $ 6,399 $ 5,745 Actual gain (loss) on plan assets 137 323 Employer contribution 214 318 Benefits paid (322) (292) Foreign currency exchange rate changes (83) 305 Fair value of assets at end of year 6,345 6,399 Funded status at end of year $ 1,641 $ 1,388 Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of: Other assets $ 1,641 $ 1,388 Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of: Net gain $ (703) $ (567) Prior service cost 46 71 Total $ (657) $ (496)
Schedule of Net Benefit Costs	Net periodic pension costs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Components of net periodic benefit cost: Interest cost $ 265 $ 286 Expected return on plan assets (271) (256) Recognized net actuarial loss 58 62 Net periodic pension cost $ 52 $ 92 Settlement charge 1,722 — Total pension expense $ 1,774 $ 92 Net periodic pension costs for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Components of net periodic benefit gain: Interest cost $ 215 $ 229 Expected return on plan assets (380) (346) Amortization of prior service cost 24 24 Recognized net actuarial loss 33 18 Net periodic pension gain $ (108) $ (75)
Schedule of Weighted Average Assumptions Used	The weighted average assumptions in the following table represent the rates used to develop the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation for the year listed and also the net periodic benefit cost for the following year. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Discount rate 4.7 % 4.9 % Expected rate of return on plan assets 7.0 % 7.0 % The weighted average assumptions in the following table represent the rates used to develop the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation for the year listed and also the net periodic benefit cost for the following year. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 Discount rate 5.4 % 4.5 % Expected rate of return on plan assets 5.3 % 6.0 %
Schedule of Accumulated Benefit Obligations in Excess of Fair Value of Plan Assets	Amounts applicable to the Company’s pension plan with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were as follows as of December 31, 2023: December 31, 2023 Projected benefit obligation $ 5,909 Accumulated benefit obligation 5,909 Fair value of plan assets 3,923 Amounts applicable to the Company’s pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were as follows as of December 31, 2024 and 2023: December 31, 2024 2023 Projected benefit obligation $ 4,704 $ 5,011 Accumulated benefit obligation 4,704 5,011 Fair value of plan assets 6,345 6,399
Schedule of Investment Allocation and Target Allocation	The investment target ranges and actual allocation of pension plan assets by major category as of December 31, 2023 were as follows: December 31, Target 2023 Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents 0 - 20% 4 % Total fixed income funds 25 - 50% 33 Total mutual funds and equities 35 - 70% 63 Total 100 % In accordance with the fair value disclosure requirements of ASC 820, the following assets were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023. Additional information regarding ASC 820 and the fair value hierarchy can be found in Note 15. December 31, 2023 Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents $ 160 Fixed income funds Corporate bonds 845 Total fixed income funds 845 Equity funds and equities Mutual funds — Exchange-traded funds 2,918 Total mutual funds and equities 2,918 Total $ 3,923 Equity securities Up to 100% Commercial property Not to exceed 50% UK Government securities Not to exceed 50% Cash Up to 100% Plan assets held within the United Kingdom defined benefit plan consist of cash and equity securities that have been classified as Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. All other plan assets have been classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The plan assets by category for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows: December 31, 2024 2023 Asset Category Cash and cash equivalents $ 139 $ 127 Equity securities — 3,676 Bonds 6,206 1,693 Other — 903 Total $ 6,345 $ 6,399
Schedule of Costs of Retirement Plans	The following table summarizes the expense associated with the contributions made to these plans. Year Ended December 31, 2024 2023 United States $ 2,757 $ 2,841 Canada 124 114 United Kingdom 1,165 1,178 $ 4,046 $ 4,133

Commitments and Contingent Li_2

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Product Warranty Liability	The following table sets forth the Company’s product warranty accrual: Warranty Liability Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 688 Additions to warranty liability 397 Warranty liability utilized (483) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 602
Schedule of Environmental Loss Contingencies	The following table sets forth the Company’s undiscounted environmental obligation: Environmental Liability Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ 2,417 Additions to environmental obligations — Environmental reserve adjustment (600) Environmental obligations utilized (21) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 1,796

Other Expense (Tables)

Other Expense (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Income	The following table summarizes the Company’s other expense - net for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023: 2024 2023 Pension termination costs (a) $ 1,722 $ — Loss on the sale of Chemtec (b) — 2,065 Loss on the sale of Concrete Ties (c) — 1,009 Insurance proceeds (d) (38) (215) Foreign currency (gains) losses (154) 77 Other (454) (301) Other expense - net $ 1,076 $ 2,635 a. During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company terminated its US DB Plan generating pension settlement costs of $1,722. b. On March 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of its Chemtec business, which was inclusive of its entire Precision Measurement Products and Services division, generating a $2,065 pre-tax loss. c. On June 30, 2023, the Company sold substantially all the operating assets of the Ties business, located in Spokane, WA, generating a $1,009 loss on the sale. d. In 2024 and 2023, the Company received $38 and $215 in insurance proceeds, respectively.

Restructuring Costs (Tables)

Restructuring Costs (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]
Schedule of Restructuring and Related Costs	The following table sets forth restructuring costs by segment for the year ended December 31, 2024: Year Ended December 31, 2024 Rail, Technologies, and Services $ 1,134 Infrastructure Solutions 113 Corporate 209 Total $ 1,456
Schedule of Restructuring Reserve	The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the beginning and ending restructuring liability balance through December 31, 2024 (the remaining liability is expected to be paid in 2025): Restructuring Liability Balance as of December 31, 2023 $ — Restructuring costs 1,456 Cash paid (769) Balance as of December 31, 2024 $ 687

Summary of Significant Accoun_3

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details)				12 Months Ended
	Nov. 17, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment facility	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Property, Plant and Equipment
Number of reportable segments | segment				2
Number of operating segments | segment				2
Cash and cash equivalents				$ 2,454,000	$ 2,560,000
Impairments of property, plant, and equipment				0	0
Product warranty reserve				602,000	688,000
Foreign currency transaction gain (loss)				154,000	(77,000)
Research and development expenses				2,831,000	2,555,000
Gain on sale of former joint venture facility				$ 3,477,000	0
Cougar Mountain Precast, LLC
Property, Plant and Equipment
Consideration transferred to acquire operating assets	$ 1,644,000
Buildings | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment useful life				10 years
Buildings | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment useful life				40 years
Machinery and equipment | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment useful life				2 years
Machinery and equipment | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment useful life				50 years
Leasehold improvements | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment useful life				3 years
Leasehold improvements | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment useful life				19 years
Non Domestic
Property, Plant and Equipment
Cash and cash equivalents				$ 1,882,000	$ 2,193,000
Rail Products Business Unit
Property, Plant and Equipment
Proceeds from divestiture of assets		$ 2,362,000
Coatings and Measurement
Property, Plant and Equipment
Proceeds from divestiture of assets			$ 5,344,000
Infrastructure Solutions
Property, Plant and Equipment
Number of manufacturing facilities | facility				9

Business Segments - Narrative (

Business Segments - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands				12 Months Ended
	Nov. 17, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information
Number of operating segments | segment				2
Number of reportable segments | segment				2
Proceeds from asset divestitures				$ 0	$ 7,706
Gain (loss) on asset divestitures		$ (1,009)	$ (2,065)	0	(3,074)
Net sales				530,765	543,744
Restructuring charges				1,456
Gain on sale of former joint venture facility				3,477	0
Accounts receivable, credit loss expense (reversal)				700
Cost of Sales
Segment Reporting Information
Restructuring charges				245
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Segment Reporting Information
Restructuring charges				1,211
Accounts receivable, credit loss expense (reversal)				365	1,912
Bridge Grid Deck Product | Sales
Segment Reporting Information
Contract with customer, liability, cumulative catch-up adjustment to revenue, change in estimate of transaction price					1,977
Bridge Grid Deck Product | Gross Profit
Segment Reporting Information
Contract with customer, liability, cumulative catch-up adjustment to revenue, change in estimate of transaction price					3,051
Infrastructure Solutions
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales				203,896	231,584
Rail, Technologies, and Services
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales				326,869	312,160
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales				530,765	543,744
Operating Segments | Infrastructure Solutions
Segment Reporting Information
Proceeds from asset divestitures				1,300
Gain (loss) on asset divestitures				815
Net sales				203,896	231,584
Restructuring charges				113
Operating Segments | Rail, Technologies, and Services
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales				326,869	312,160
Restructuring charges				1,134
Accounts receivable, credit loss expense (reversal)					1,862
Restructuring costs					676
Operating Segments | Rail, Technologies, and Services | One Customer | Customer Concentration Risk
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales				71,800
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operations | Bridge Grid Deck Product
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales				$ 3,700	6,146
Loss on asset divestitures					1,403
Inventory write-down					474
Personnel expenses					667
Other exit costs					262
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operations | Bridge Grid Deck Product | Cost of Sales
Segment Reporting Information
Loss on asset divestitures					1,141
Disposal Group, Not Discontinued Operations | Bridge Grid Deck Product | Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Segment Reporting Information
Loss on asset divestitures					$ 262
Cougar Mountain Precast, LLC
Segment Reporting Information
Consideration transferred to acquire operating assets	$ 1,644
Coatings and Measurement
Segment Reporting Information
Proceeds from asset divestitures			5,344
Rail Products Business Unit
Segment Reporting Information
Proceeds from asset divestitures		2,362
Gain (loss) on asset divestitures		$ (1,009)	$ (2,065)

Business Segments - Schedule of

Business Segments - Schedule of Reconciliation of Operating Income to Income Before Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales	$ 530,765	$ 543,744
Less:
Cost of sales	(412,703)	(431,700)
Amortization	(4,628)	(5,314)
Operating income	20,513	9,107
Gain on sale of former joint venture facility	3,477	0
Interest expense - net	(4,992)	(5,528)
Other expense - net	(1,076)	(2,635)
Income before income taxes	14,445	944
Rail, Technologies, and Services
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales	326,869	312,160
Infrastructure Solutions
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales	203,896	231,584
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales	530,765	543,744
Less:
Cost of sales	(412,703)	(431,700)
Selling and administrative employment costs	(55,870)	(58,188)
Purchased services	(13,746)	(13,661)
General administrative costs	(12,531)	(13,953)
Amortization	(4,628)	(5,314)
Operating income	31,287	20,928
Operating Segments | Rail, Technologies, and Services
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales	326,869	312,160
Less:
Cost of sales	(254,400)	(247,126)
Selling and administrative employment costs	(32,002)	(33,181)
Purchased services	(7,410)	(7,264)
General administrative costs	(7,796)	(9,011)
Amortization	(3,349)	(3,272)
Operating income	21,912	12,306
Operating Segments | Infrastructure Solutions
Segment Reporting Information
Net sales	203,896	231,584
Less:
Cost of sales	(158,303)	(184,574)
Selling and administrative employment costs	(23,868)	(25,007)
Purchased services	(6,336)	(6,397)
General administrative costs	(4,735)	(4,942)
Amortization	(1,279)	(2,042)
Operating income	9,375	8,622
Corporate And Reconciling Items
Less:
Gain on sale of former joint venture facility	3,477
Interest expense - net	(4,992)	(5,528)
Other expense - net	(1,076)	(2,635)
Public company costs	(5,755)	(4,814)
Corporate executive management costs	(5,726)	(3,807)
Corporate management stock-based compensation	(2,065)	(2,816)
Other corporate expenses	$ (705)	$ (384)

Business Segments - Schedule _2

Business Segments - Schedule of Asset Reportable Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information
Segment Assets	$ 334,550	$ 312,401
Depreciation/Amortization	14,080	15,263
Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets	9,791	4,513
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information
Segment Assets	282,614	286,885
Depreciation/Amortization	12,210	13,434
Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets	8,398	3,514
Corporate
Segment Reporting Information
Segment Assets	51,936	25,516
Depreciation/Amortization	1,870	1,829
Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets	1,393	999
Rail, Technologies, and Services | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information
Segment Assets	158,859	156,638
Depreciation/Amortization	4,793	5,172
Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets	2,032	1,165
Infrastructure Solutions | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information
Segment Assets	123,755	130,247
Depreciation/Amortization	7,417	8,262
Expenditures for Long-Lived Assets	$ 6,366	$ 2,349

Business Segments - Schedule _3

Business Segments - Schedule of Sales by Geographical Location (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Net sales	$ 530,765	$ 543,744
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Net sales	454,694	463,936
Canada
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Net sales	22,088	24,925
United Kingdom
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Net sales	44,086	41,418
Other
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets
Net sales	$ 9,897	$ 13,465

Business Segments - Schedule _4

Business Segments - Schedule of Long-Lived Assets By Geographical Location (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting Information
Long-Lived assets	$ 75,374	$ 75,579
United States
Segment Reporting Information
Long-Lived assets	72,899	72,840
Canada
Segment Reporting Information
Long-Lived assets	151	56
United Kingdom
Segment Reporting Information
Long-Lived assets	1,765	1,833
Other
Segment Reporting Information
Long-Lived assets	$ 559	$ 850

Business Segments - Schedule _5

Business Segments - Schedule of Sales by Major Product Line (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	$ 530,765	$ 543,744
Rail, Technologies, and Services
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	326,869	312,160
Infrastructure Solutions
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	203,896	231,584
Rail Products | Rail, Technologies, and Services
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	207,696	205,797
Global Friction Management | Rail, Technologies, and Services
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	65,984	63,946
Technology Services and Solutions | Rail, Technologies, and Services
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	53,189	42,417
Precast Concrete Products | Infrastructure Solutions
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	136,043	136,458
Steel Products | Infrastructure Solutions
Revenue from External Customer
Net sales	$ 67,853	$ 95,126

Revenue - Narrative (Details)

Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue
Deferred revenue (Note 3)	$ 10,205	$ 12,479
Revenue remaining performance obligation	185,909
Net sales	530,765	543,744
Changes in actual and expected values of commercial contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	$ 2,593	8,718
Commercial contracts | Changes in actual and expected values of commercial contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales		$ 2,987
Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue
Customer revenue transferred (percentage)	72.60%	72.60%
Net sales	$ 385,511	$ 395,024

Revenue - Schedule of Over Time

Revenue - Schedule of Over Time Sales (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue
Over time sales, amount	$ 145,254	$ 148,720
Over time sales, percentage	27.40%	27.40%
Over time input method
Disaggregation of Revenue
Over time sales, amount	$ 52,706	$ 59,864
Over time sales, percentage	10%	11.10%
Over time output method
Disaggregation of Revenue
Over time sales, amount	$ 92,548	$ 88,856
Over time sales, percentage	17.40%	16.30%

Revenue - Schedule of Timing of

Revenue - Schedule of Timing of Transfer (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	$ 530,765	$ 543,744
Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	385,511	395,024
Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	145,254	148,720
Rail, Technologies, and Services
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	326,869	312,160
Rail, Technologies, and Services | Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	263,432	254,345
Rail, Technologies, and Services | Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	63,437	57,815
Infrastructure Solutions
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	203,896	231,584
Infrastructure Solutions | Point in time
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	122,079	140,679
Infrastructure Solutions | Over time
Disaggregation of Revenue
Net sales	$ 81,817	$ 90,905

Revenue - Schedule of Contract

Revenue - Schedule of Contract with Customer (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Contract Assets
Contract asset balance opening balance	$ 29,489
Net additions to contract assets	7,490
Transfers from contract asset balance to accounts receivable	(20,259)
Contract asset balance ending balance	16,720
Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities opening balance	2,189
Revenue recognized from contract liabilities	(1,410)
Increase in billings in excess of costs, excluding revenue recognized	1,529
Other adjustments	(317)
Contract liabilities ending balance	$ 1,991

Revenue - Remaining Performance

Revenue - Remaining Performance Obligation (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue remaining performance obligation	$ 185,909
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction
Revenue remaining performance obligation (percentage)	14.20%
Performance obligations expected to be satisfied, expected timing

Goodwill and Other Intangible_3

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Schedule of Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill
Goodwill, beginning balance	$ 32,587	$ 30,733
Acquisitions		1,336
Cougar purchase accounting adjustment	(445)
Foreign currency translation impact	(235)	518
Goodwill, ending balance	31,907	32,587
Rail, Technologies, and Services
Goodwill
Goodwill, beginning balance	20,466	19,948
Acquisitions		0
Cougar purchase accounting adjustment	0
Foreign currency translation impact	(235)	518
Goodwill, ending balance	20,231	20,466
Infrastructure Solutions
Goodwill
Goodwill, beginning balance	12,121	10,785
Acquisitions		1,336
Cougar purchase accounting adjustment	(445)
Foreign currency translation impact	0	0
Goodwill, ending balance	$ 11,676	$ 12,121

Goodwill and Other Intangible_4

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Impairment charges		$ 0
Amortization expense (Note 4)		4,628	$ 5,314
Accumulated amortization		54,430	50,011
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Accumulated amortization		$ 19,958	17,236
Noncompete Agreements
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Accumulated amortization			$ 27
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Finite lived intangible asset, useful life		11 years
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years | Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Purchase accounting adjustments	$ 429
Acquired finite-lived intangible assets, weighted average amortization period	5 years
Finite lived intangible asset, useful life		13 years	16 years
Minimum
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Finite lived intangible asset, useful life		3 years
Maximum
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Finite lived intangible asset, useful life		25 years

Goodwill and Other Intangible_5

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Schedule of Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Value	$ 69,231	$ 69,021
Accumulated Amortization	(54,430)	(50,011)
Net Carrying Amount	14,801	19,010
Patents
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Value	308	335
Accumulated Amortization	(198)	(199)
Net Carrying Amount	110	136
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Value	28,006	27,712
Accumulated Amortization	(19,958)	(17,236)
Net Carrying Amount	8,048	10,476
Trademarks and trade names
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Value	7,974	7,989
Accumulated Amortization	(5,219)	(4,593)
Net Carrying Amount	2,755	3,396
Technology
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Value	32,616	32,658
Accumulated Amortization	(28,923)	(27,906)
Net Carrying Amount	3,693	4,752
Favorable lease
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Value	327	327
Accumulated Amortization	(132)	(77)
Net Carrying Amount	$ 195	$ 250
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years	11 years
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years | Patents
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years	10 years	10 years
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years | Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years	13 years	16 years
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years | Trademarks and trade names
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years	13 years	16 years
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years | Technology
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years	9 years	9 years
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years | Favorable lease
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period In Years	6 years	6 years

Goodwill and Other Intangible_6

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets - Schedule of Expected Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 2,957
2026	2,425
2027	2,107
2028	1,549
2029	1,158
2030 and thereafter	4,605
Net Carrying Amount	$ 14,801	$ 19,010

Accounts Receivable - Schedule

Accounts Receivable - Schedule of Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	$ 66,105	$ 54,293
Allowance for credit losses	(1,127)	(809)
Accounts receivable - net	$ 64,978	$ 53,484

Accounts Receivable - Narrative

Accounts Receivable - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, credit loss expense (reversal)	$ 700
Recoveries of previous write-offs	335
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]
Accounts receivable, credit loss expense (reversal)	$ 365	$ 1,912

Accounts Receivable - Schedul_2

Accounts Receivable - Schedule of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Allowance for credit losses, beginning balance	$ 809
Additions to the current period provision	700
Write-off against allowance	(47)
Recoveries of previous write-offs	(335)
Allowance for credit losses, ending balance	$ 1,127

Inventory (Details)

Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Finished goods	$ 37,238	$ 44,518
Work-in-process	6,717	4,675
Raw materials	26,551	23,918
Inventories - net	$ 70,506	$ 73,111

Property, Plant and Equipment_2

Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment
Gross property, plant, and equipment	$ 178,925,000	$ 176,612,000
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization, including accumulated amortization of finance leases	(103,551,000)	(101,033,000)
Property, plant, and equipment - net	75,374,000	75,579,000
Depreciation	9,452,000	9,949,000
Impairments of property, plant, and equipment	0	0
Land
Property, Plant and Equipment
Gross property, plant, and equipment	5,864,000	5,869,000
Improvements to land and leaseholds
Property, Plant and Equipment
Gross property, plant, and equipment	19,566,000	19,404,000
Buildings
Property, Plant and Equipment
Gross property, plant, and equipment	31,703,000	31,447,000
Machinery and equipment, including equipment under finance leases
Property, Plant and Equipment
Gross property, plant, and equipment	117,377,000	118,190,000
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment
Gross property, plant, and equipment	$ 4,415,000	$ 1,702,000

Leases - Narrative (Details)

Leases - Narrative (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024
Lessee, Lease, Description
Lessee lease renewal term	12 years
Lessee, lease, termination period	1 year
Minimum
Lessee, Lease, Description
Lessee remaining lease term	1 year
Maximum
Lessee, Lease, Description
Lessee remaining lease term	10 years

Leases - Schedule of Balance Sh

Leases - Schedule of Balance Sheet Location (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$ 18,480	$ 14,905
Other accrued liabilities	$ 3,771	$ 3,040
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other accrued liabilities	Other accrued liabilities
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$ 14,709	$ 11,865
Total operating lease liabilities	18,480	14,905
Finance leases
Property, plant, and equipment	1,545	1,317
Accumulated amortization	(1,072)	(1,104)
Property, plant, and equipment - net	473	213
Current maturities of long-term debt	$ 167	$ 102
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Long-Term Debt and Lease Obligation, Current	Long-Term Debt and Lease Obligation, Current
Long-term debt	$ 306	$ 111
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Long-term portion	Long-term portion
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 473	$ 213

Leases - Schedule of Lease Cost

Leases - Schedule of Lease Cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of finance leases	$ 160	$ 186
Interest on lease liabilities	43	58
Operating lease cost	3,181	3,448
Sublease income	(200)	(200)
Total lease cost	$ 3,184	$ 3,492

Leases - Schedule of Cash Flow

Leases - Schedule of Cash Flow Components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ (3,746)	$ (4,113)
Financing cash flows from finance leases	(212)	(214)
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities:
Operating leases	$ 6,605	$ 404

Leases - Schedule of Weighted A

Leases - Schedule of Weighted Average Lease Term and Discount Rate (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]
Operating lease weighted-average remaining lease term	6 years	6 years
Operating lease weighted-average discount rate	5.50%	5.20%
Finance lease weighted-average remaining lease term	4 years	2 years
Finance lease weighted-average discount rate	4.80%	3.60%

Leases - Schedule of Estimated

Leases - Schedule of Estimated Annual Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases
2025	$ 4,589
2026	4,526
2027	3,607
2028	3,151
2029	2,750
2030 and thereafter	2,417
Operating lease, liability, payments, due	21,040
Interest	(2,560)
Total operating lease liabilities	18,480	$ 14,905
Finance Leases
2025	197
2026	126
2027	66
2028	65
2029	65
2030 and thereafter	60
Finance lease liability, payments, due	579
Interest	(106)
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 473	$ 213

Long-Term Debt and Related Ma_3

Long-Term Debt and Related Matters - Schedule of Long-term Debt Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Revolving credit facility with an interest rate of 6.38% as of December 31, 2024 and 7.40% as of December 31, 2023	$ 46,467	$ 55,060
Lease obligations payable in installments through 2024 with a weighted average interest rate of 4.80% as of December 31, 2024 and 4.67% as of December 31, 2023	473	213
Total debt	46,940	55,273
Less: current maturities	(167)	(102)
Long-term portion	$ 46,773	$ 55,171
Interest rate on credit facility (percent)	6.38%	7.40%
Weighted average interest rate on debt (percent)	4.80%	4.67%

Long-Term Debt and Related Ma_4

Long-Term Debt and Related Matters - Schedule of Long Term Debt Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 167
2026	46,577
2027	51
2028	50
2029	50
2030 and thereafter	45
Total debt	$ 46,940	$ 55,273

Long-Term Debt and Related Ma_5

Long-Term Debt and Related Matters - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	Aug. 13, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) covenant	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility
Line of credit facility, amount outstanding		$ 46,467	$ 55,060
PNC Bank N.A. Citizens Bank N.A. Wells Fargo Bank National Association Bank of America N.A. And BMO Harris Bank National Association | Fourth Amended And Restated Credit Agreement
Line of Credit Facility
Minimum fixed charge coverage ratio	1.05
PNC Bank N.A. Citizens Bank N.A. Wells Fargo Bank National Association Bank of America N.A. And BMO Harris Bank National Association | Fourth Amended And Restated Credit Agreement | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period One
Line of Credit Facility
Number of financial covenants | covenant		2
Maximum leverage ratio	3.25
PNC Bank N.A. Citizens Bank N.A. Wells Fargo Bank National Association Bank of America N.A. And BMO Harris Bank National Association | Fourth Amended And Restated Credit Agreement | Debt Instrument, Redemption, Period Two
Line of Credit Facility
Maximum leverage ratio	3.50
PNC Bank N.A. Citizens Bank N.A. Wells Fargo Bank National Association Bank of America N.A. And BMO Harris Bank National Association | Revolving Credit Facility | Fourth Amended And Restated Credit Agreement
Line of Credit Facility
Debt instrument, term	5 years
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 130,000
Line of credit, accordion feature, lower borrowing capacity	25,000
Line of credit facility, maximum increase in commitments	$ 50,000
PNC Bank, N.A., Bank of America, N.A., Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Citizens Bank of Pennsylvania, and Branch Banking and Trust Company | Revolving Credit Facility
Line of Credit Facility
Line of credit facility, amount outstanding		$ 1,409	2,807
Line of credit facility, current borrowing capacity		$ 82,124	$ 72,133

Stockholders' Equity - Narrativ

Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Mar. 03, 2025	Aug. 05, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Class of Stock
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	11,115,779	11,115,779
Common stock, par value (usd per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Shares paid for tax withholding (in shares)	59,577	24,886
Shares paid for tax withholding	$ 1,429,000	$ 315,000
Authorized repurchase				$ 15,000,000	$ 15,000,000
Authorized repurchase, annual limitation				$ 5,000,000
Repurchased common stock (in shares)	300,302	134,208
Stock repurchased during period, value	$ 6,808,000	$ 2,310,000
Dividends declared	$ 0	$ 0
Subsequent Event
Class of Stock
Authorized repurchase			$ 40,000,000

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule

Stockholders' Equity - Schedule of Rollforward of Common Stock (Details) - shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Beginning (in shares)	10,733,935
Repurchased common stock (in shares)	(300,302)	(134,208)
Ending (in shares)	10,573,432	10,733,935
Treasury
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Beginning (in shares)	381,844	338,952
Issued for stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	(139,799)	(91,316)
Repurchased common stock (in shares)	300,302	134,208
Ending (in shares)	542,347	381,844
Common Stock
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Beginning (in shares)	10,733,935	10,776,827
Issued for stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	139,799	91,316
Repurchased common stock (in shares)	(300,302)	(134,208)
Ending (in shares)	10,573,432	10,733,935

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_3

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss - Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ 178,316	$ 142,111
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(21,716)	(19,250)
Pension and post-retirement benefit plan adjustments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	93	(921)
Unrealized income on interest rate swap contracts
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	685	1,278
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ (22,494)	$ (19,607)

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_4

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
United States
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Amounts reclassified of pension and post-retirement benefit plan adjustments	$ 1,174

Earnings Per Common Share - Sch

Earnings Per Common Share - Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per common share:
Net income attributable to L.B. Foster Company	$ 42,946	$ 1,464
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	10,721	10,799
Denominator for basic earnings per common share (in shares)	10,721	10,799
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock compensation plans (in shares)	327	196
Dilutive potential common shares (in shares)	327	196
Denominator for diluted earnings per common share - adjusted weighted average shares outstanding and assumed conversions (in shares)	11,048	10,995
Basic earnings per common share (usd per share)	$ 4.01	$ 0.14
Diluted earnings per common share (usd per share)	$ 3.89	$ 0.13

Income Taxes - Schedule of Comp

Income Taxes - Schedule of Components of Income Before Income Tax Domestic And Foreign (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Domestic	$ 21,200	$ 14,575
Foreign	(6,755)	(13,631)
Income before income taxes	$ 14,445	$ 944

Income Taxes - Schedule of Sign

Income Taxes - Schedule of Significant Components of the Provision for Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current:
Federal	$ 0	$ (16)
State	2	53
Foreign	745	1,460
Total current	747	1,497
Deferred:
Federal	(21,441)	0
State	(7,691)	0
Foreign	(13)	(1,852)
Total deferred	(29,145)	(1,852)
Total income tax (benefit) expense	$ (28,398)	$ (355)

Income Taxes - Schedule of Reco

Income Taxes - Schedule of Reconciliation of Income Tax Rates (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Amount
Statutory rate	$ 3,033	$ 198
Foreign tax rate differential	(249)	(520)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	772	322
Non-deductible expenses	221	206
Non-deductible executive compensation	400	256
Income tax credits	(164)	(218)
Change in income tax rates	(229)	(38)
Tax on unremitted foreign earnings	148	181
Change in valuation allowance	(31,937)	(723)
Other	(393)	(19)
Total income tax (benefit) expense	$ (28,398)	$ (355)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Percent
Statutory rate	21%	21%
Foreign tax rate differential	(1.70%)	(55.10%)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	5.30%	34.10%
Non-deductible expenses	1.50%	21.80%
Non-deductible executive compensation	2.80%	27.10%
Income tax credits	(1.10%)	(23.10%)
Change in income tax rates	(1.60%)	(4.00%)
Tax on unremitted foreign earnings	1%	19.20%
Change in valuation allowance	(221.10%)	(76.60%)
Other	(2.70%)	(2.00%)
Effective rate	(196.60%)	(37.60%)

Income Taxes - Schedule of Si_2

Income Taxes - Schedule of Significant Components of Deferred Tax Liabilities and Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred tax assets:
Goodwill and other intangibles	$ 1,224	$ 1,762
Accrued settlement	0	2,001
Deferred compensation	3,885	4,127
Contingent liabilities	448	600
Net operating loss / tax credit carryforwards	35,431	36,217
Pension and post-retirement liability	0	149
Inventories	1,082	852
Warranty reserve	138	146
Accounts receivable	265	201
Interest deduction carryforward	1,444	1,882
Capitalized research expenditures	1,882	1,599
Other	453	680
Total deferred tax assets	46,252	50,216
Less: valuation allowance	(8,223)	(40,125)
Net deferred tax assets	38,029	10,091
Deferred tax liabilities:
Goodwill and other intangibles	(1,472)	(2,181)
Depreciation	(7,845)	(8,596)
Pension and post-retirement liability	(410)	0
Unrealized income on interest rate swap contracts	(110)	(306)
Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiaries	(195)	(50)
Other	(247)	(190)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(10,279)	(11,323)
Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets	$ 27,750
Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets		$ (1,232)

Income Taxes - Narrative (Detai

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Loss Carryforwards
Reversal of valuation allowance	$ 34,210
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance	8,223	$ 40,125
Operating loss carryforward, valuation allowance	6,070
Unremitted earnings of foreign subsidiary	195	50
Foreign earnings repatriated	3,900
Unrecognized tax benefit that would impact effective tax rate	265
Accrued interest and penalties	294	332
State Operating Loss Carryforward
Operating Loss Carryforwards
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance	2,153
Domestic Tax Jurisdiction
Operating Loss Carryforwards
Operating loss carryforwards	93,344
Research tax credit carryforward, amount	1,228
State and local
Operating Loss Carryforwards
Operating loss carryforwards	9,802	$ 10,137
Foreign tax authority | Secretariat of the Federal Revenue Bureau of Brazil
Operating Loss Carryforwards
Operating loss carryforwards	$ 26,346

Income Taxes - Schedule of Re_2

Income Taxes - Schedule of Reconciliation Of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Table (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Unrecognized tax benefits at beginning of period:	$ 307	$ 354
Decreases based on tax positions for prior periods	(42)	(47)
Balance at end of period	$ 265	$ 307

Stock-based Compensation - Narr

Stock-based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Feb. 28, 2021	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Stock-based compensation			$ 3,834,000	$ 4,179,000
Expected cost on shares expected to vest			$ 5,154,000
Recognition period for compensation expense not yet recognized			2 years 2 months 12 days
Weighted average shares granted (usd per share)			$ 24.69	$ 11.78
Director
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Vesting period			1 year
Fully Vested and Restricted Stock | Director
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Stock-based compensation			$ 589,000	$ 468,000
Granted (in shares)			22,458	39,312
Weighted average shares granted (usd per share)			$ 27.45	$ 13
Deferred Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Granted (in shares)			0	0
Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Vesting period			3 years
Granted (in shares)			90,807	181,914
Performance Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Vesting period			3 years
Granted (in shares)			86,772	367,558
Restricted Stock And Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Stock-based compensation			$ 3,245,000	$ 3,711,000
Omnibus Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based compensation, number of shares authorized (in shares)			2,058,000
Omnibus Plan | Performance Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Performance based incentive stock award retention program period		5 years
Share-based payment award, maximum number of shares per employee (in shares)		3,333
Omnibus Plan | Performance Stock Units | Vesting period one
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based payment award vesting rights, percentage		50%
Share-based payment award, maximum number of shares per employee (in shares)		1,666
Target share price (usd per share)		$ 25
Omnibus Plan | Performance Stock Units | Vesting period two
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based payment award vesting rights, percentage		50%
Share-based payment award, maximum number of shares per employee (in shares)		1,666
Target share price (usd per share)		$ 30
Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based compensation, number of shares authorized (in shares)			1,835,000
Equity and Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based compensation, number of shares authorized (in shares)			1,924,077
Equity and Incentive Plan | Performance Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Performance based incentive stock award retention program period	4 years
Equity and Incentive Plan | Performance Stock Units | Achievement of EBITDA Margin
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based payment award vesting rights, percentage	50%
Equity and Incentive Plan | Performance Stock Units | Company's stock price
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based payment award vesting rights, percentage	50%
Omnibus Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based compensation, number of shares authorized (in shares)			89,077
Omnibus Plan and Equity and Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Stock-based compensation			$ 0	$ 0
Shares granted in period (in shares)			0	0
Omnibus Plan and Equity and Incentive Plan | Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Share-based payment award vesting rights, percentage			25%
Omnibus Plan and Equity and Incentive Plan | Maximum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Performance based incentive stock award retention program period			10 years
Omnibus Plan and Equity and Incentive Plan | Minimum
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award
Vesting period			1 year

Stock-based Compensation - Sche

Stock-based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Deferred Stock, and Performance Share Units (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Weighted average share price, beginning balance (usd per share)	$ 14.10	$ 17.77
Weighted average shares granted (usd per share)	24.69	11.78
Weighted average shares vested (usd per share)	14.51	15.97
Weighted average shares adjustment for net incentive awards (usd per share)	17.46	13.75
Weighted average shares canceled and forfeited (usd per share)	14.43	14.46
Weighted average share price, ending balance (usd per share)	$ 16.31	$ 14.10
Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares
Nonvested Shares, Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in shares)	264,970	174,173
Granted (in shares)	90,807	181,914
Vested (in shares)	(148,808)	(88,367)
Net adjustment for incentive awards (in shares)	0	0
Canceled and forfeited (in shares)	(3,417)	(2,750)
Nonvested Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance (in shares)	203,552	264,970
Deferred Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares
Nonvested Shares, Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in shares)	12,404	46,268
Granted (in shares)	0	0
Vested (in shares)	(12,404)	(33,864)
Net adjustment for incentive awards (in shares)	0	0
Canceled and forfeited (in shares)	0	0
Nonvested Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance (in shares)	0	12,404
Performance Stock Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares
Nonvested Shares, Outstanding, Beginning Balance (in shares)	560,338	108,478
Granted (in shares)	86,772	367,558
Vested (in shares)	(29,778)	0
Net adjustment for incentive awards (in shares)	(82,374)	84,302
Canceled and forfeited (in shares)	(437)	0
Nonvested Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance (in shares)	534,521	560,338

Fair Value Measurements - Narra

Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Aug. 31, 2022	Aug. 12, 2022
Swap
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions
Derivative, notional amount				$ 20,000
Investment income	$ 1,306	$ 1,206
Swap 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions
Derivative, notional amount			$ 20,000

Fair Value Measurements - Sched

Fair Value Measurements - Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions
Interest rate swaps	$ 430	$ 1,225
Derivative Asset Statement Of Financial Position Extensible Enumeration Not Disclosed Flag	Other current assets	Other current assets
Total assets	$ 430	$ 1,225
Level 1
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions
Interest rate swaps	0	0
Total assets	0	0
Level 2
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions
Interest rate swaps	430	1,225
Total assets	430	1,225
Level 3
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions
Interest rate swaps	0	0
Total assets	$ 0	$ 0

Retirement Plans - Narrative (D

Retirement Plans - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) plan	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Defined contribution plan number | plan		5
United States
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Defined contribution plan number | plan		2
Employer contribution | $	$ 1,806	$ 2,274	$ 276
Settlement charge | $		$ 1,722
Canada
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Defined contribution plan number | plan		1
United Kingdom
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Defined contribution plan number | plan		2
Employer contribution | $		$ 214	$ 318
Defined benefit plan, expected future benefit payment | $	$ 336	$ 336

Retirement Plans - Schedule of

Retirement Plans - Schedule of Benefit Obligation, Fair Value of Assets, and Funded Status of the Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Change to plan assets:
Reversion		$ (112)
United States
Changes in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year		5,909	6,101
Service cost		0	0
Interest cost		265	286
Actuarial gain		(150)	(23)
Benefits paid		(432)	(455)
Settlements		(5,592)	0
Benefit obligation at end of year	$ 0	0	5,909
Change to plan assets:
Fair value of assets at beginning of year		3,923	3,792
Actual gain (loss) on plan assets		(61)	310
Employer contribution	1,806	2,274	276
Benefits paid		(432)	(455)
Settlements		(5,592)	0
Fair value of assets at end of year	0	0	3,923
Funded status at end of year	0	0	(1,986)
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of:
Other long-term liabilities	0	0	(1,986)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of:
Net gain	0	0	1,598
United Kingdom
Changes in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year		5,011	4,671
Interest cost		215	229
Actuarial gain		(134)	154
Benefits paid		(322)	(292)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes		(66)	(249)
Benefit obligation at end of year	4,704	4,704	5,011
Change to plan assets:
Fair value of assets at beginning of year		6,399	5,745
Actual gain (loss) on plan assets		137	323
Employer contribution		214	318
Benefits paid		(322)	(292)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes		(83)	305
Fair value of assets at end of year	6,345	6,345	6,399
Funded status at end of year	1,641	1,641	1,388
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of:
Other assets	1,641	1,641	1,388
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss consist of:
Net gain	(703)	(703)	(567)
Prior service cost	46	46	71
Defined benefit plan, comprehensive (income) loss	$ (657)	$ (657)	$ (496)

Retirement Plans - Schedule o_2

Retirement Plans - Schedule of Net Benefit Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Settlement charge	$ (1,722)	$ 0
United States
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Interest cost	265	286
Expected return on plan assets	(271)	(256)
Recognized net actuarial loss	58	62
Net periodic pension cost	52	92
Settlement charge	1,722	0
Total pension expense	1,774	92
United Kingdom
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Interest cost	215	229
Expected return on plan assets	(380)	(346)
Amortization of prior service cost	24	24
Recognized net actuarial loss	33	18
Total pension expense	$ (108)	$ (75)

Retirement Plans - Schedule o_3

Retirement Plans - Schedule of Actuarial Assumptions (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
United States
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Discount rate	4.70%	4.90%
Expected rate of return on plan assets	7%	7%
United Kingdom
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Discount rate	5.40%	4.50%
Expected rate of return on plan assets	5.30%	6%

Retirement Plans - Schedule o_4

Retirement Plans - Schedule of Accumulated Benefit Obligations in Excess of Plan Asset (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
United States
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Projected benefit obligation	$ 0	$ 5,909	$ 6,101
Accumulated benefit obligation		5,909
Fair value of plan assets	0	3,923	3,792
United Kingdom
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Projected benefit obligation	4,704	5,011	4,671
Accumulated benefit obligation	4,704	5,011
Fair value of plan assets	$ 6,345	$ 6,399	$ 5,745

Retirement Plans - Schedule o_5

Retirement Plans - Schedule of Plan Asset Investment Allocation Percentage (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
United States
Asset Category
Percentage of plan assets		100%
United States | Cash and cash equivalents
Asset Category
Percentage of plan assets		4%
United States | Cash and cash equivalents | Minimum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets		0%
United States | Cash and cash equivalents | Maximum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets		20%
United States | Total fixed income funds
Asset Category
Percentage of plan assets		33%
United States | Total fixed income funds | Minimum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets		25%
United States | Total fixed income funds | Maximum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets		50%
United States | Total mutual funds and equities
Asset Category
Percentage of plan assets		63%
United States | Total mutual funds and equities | Minimum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets		35%
United States | Total mutual funds and equities | Maximum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets		70%
United Kingdom | Cash and cash equivalents | Maximum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets	100%
United Kingdom | Equity securities | Maximum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets	100%
United Kingdom | Commercial property | Maximum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets	50%
United Kingdom | UK Government securities | Maximum
Asset Category
Target percentage of plan assets	50%

Retirement Plans - Schedule o_6

Retirement Plans - Schedule of Information About Plan Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
United States
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets	$ 0	$ 3,923	$ 3,792
United States | Cash and cash equivalents
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets		160
United States | Total fixed income funds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets		845
United States | Corporate bonds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets		845
United States | Total mutual funds and equities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets		2,918
United States | Mutual funds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets		0
United States | Equity securities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets		2,918
United Kingdom
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets	6,345	6,399	$ 5,745
United Kingdom | Cash and cash equivalents
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets	139	127
United Kingdom | Bonds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets	6,206	1,693
United Kingdom | Other
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets	0	903
United Kingdom | Equity securities
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure
Fair value of plan assets	$ 0	$ 3,676

Retirement Plans - Schedule o_7

Retirement Plans - Schedule of Costs of Retirement Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure
Expenses associated with contributions made	$ 4,046	$ 4,133
United States
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure
Expenses associated with contributions made	2,757	2,841
Canada
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure
Expenses associated with contributions made	124	114
United Kingdom
Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure
Expenses associated with contributions made	$ 1,165	$ 1,178

Commitments and Contingent Li_3

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities - Schedule of Product Warranty Liability (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Warranty Liability
Beginning balance	$ 688
Additions to warranty liability	397
Warranty liability utilized	(483)
Ending balance	$ 602

Commitments and Contingent Li_4

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 13, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) party	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 26, 2020 party	Jun. 05, 2017 company
Product Liability Contingency
Current portion of accrued settlement		$ 0	$ 8,000
Number of companies receiving general notice letter | company							140
Present value or proposed remedial work		1,100,000
Undiscovered remedial work		$ 1,700,000
Remedial work anticipated clean up period		13 years
Number of potentially responsible parties included in agreement | party		100
Number of parties required to perform remedial design work | party						2
Environmental Loss Contingency Statement Of Financial Position Extensible Enumeration Not Disclosed Flag		financial condition	financial condition
Accrual for environmental loss		$ 1,796	$ 2,417
Environmental reserve adjustment		$ (600)
UPRR
Product Liability Contingency
Purchase commitment	$ 48,000
Annual commitment amount	8,000				$ 6,000
UPRR
Product Liability Contingency
Litigation settlement amount	50,000
Litigation settlement amount, current	2,000
Litigation settlement amount, non-current	$ 48,000
Litigation settlement installment payment term	6 years
Amounts reclassified to accrued settlement	$ 6,600
Legal fees				$ 43,400

Commitments and Contingent Li_5

Commitments and Contingent Liabilities - Schedule of Environmental Loss Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Accrual for Environmental Loss Contingencies
Environmental liability, beginning balance	$ 2,417
Additions to environmental obligations	0
Environmental reserve adjustment	(600)
Environmental obligations utilized	(21)
Environmental liability, ending balance	$ 1,796

Other Expense (Details)

Other Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands			12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Pension termination costs			$ 1,722	$ 0
Insurance proceeds			(38)	(215)
Foreign currency (gains) losses			(154)	77
Other			(454)	(301)
Other expense - net			1,076	2,635
Loss on asset divestitures	$ 1,009	$ 2,065	0	3,074
Chemtec Energy Services LLC
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Loss on sale/disposal of assets			0	2,065
Concrete Ties
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Loss on sale/disposal of assets			$ 0	$ 1,009

Restructuring Costs - Schedule

Restructuring Costs - Schedule of Restructuring and Related Costs by Segment (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Total	$ 1,456
Operating Segments | Rail, Technologies, and Services
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Total	1,134
Operating Segments | Infrastructure Solutions
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Total	113
Corporate
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Total	$ 209

Restructuring Costs - Narrative

Restructuring Costs - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 1,456
Cost of Sales
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 245
Restructuring Charges, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Total cost of sales
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 1,211
Restructuring Charges, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Selling and administrative expenses

Restructuring Costs - Schedul_2

Restructuring Costs - Schedule of Reconciliation of the Beginning and Ending Restructuring Liability (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Restructuring reserve, beginning balance	$ 0
Restructuring charges	1,456
Cash paid	(769)
Restructuring reserve, ending balance	$ 687

Subsequent Events (Details)

Subsequent Events (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 03, 2025	Aug. 05, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Authorized repurchase		$ 15,000	$ 15,000
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Authorized repurchase	$ 40,000

Schedule II Valuation and Qua_2

Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Allowance for credit losses
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at Beginning of Year	$ 809	$ 813
Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses	700	1,020
Other adjustments	(382)	(1,024)
Balance at End of Year	1,127	809
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at Beginning of Year	40,125	40,601
Additions Charged to Costs and Expenses	(31,937)	(723)
Other adjustments	35	247
Balance at End of Year	$ 8,223	$ 40,125