Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | 6. Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses The Bancorp disaggregates ALLL balances and transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment. Credit quality related disclosures for loans and leases are further disaggregated by class . Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses The following tables summarize transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment: Residential For the three months ended March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total Balance, beginning of period $ 831 96 214 112 1,253 Losses charged-off (46) (6) (55) - (107) Recoveries of losses previously charged-off 4 1 13 - 18 Provision for loan and lease losses 37 5 32 - 74 Balance, end of period $ 826 96 204 112 1,238 Residential For the three months ended March 31, 2016 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total Balance, beginning of period $ 840 100 217 115 1,272 Losses charged-off (60) (4) (52) - (116) Recoveries of losses previously charged-off 6 2 12 - 20 Provision for loan and lease losses 81 - 37 1 119 Balance, end of period $ 867 98 214 116 1,295 The following tables provide a summary of the ALLL and related loans and leases classified by portfolio segment: Residential As of March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total ALLL: (a) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 113 (c) 68 42 - 223 Collectively evaluated for impairment 713 28 162 - 903 Unallocated - - - 112 112 Total ALLL $ 826 96 204 112 1,238 Portfolio loans and leases: (b) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 786 (c) 656 354 - 1,796 Collectively evaluated for impairment 55,587 14,537 19,565 - 89,689 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality - 2 - - 2 Total portfolio loans and leases $ 56,373 15,195 19,919 - 91,487 Includes $ 2 related to leveraged leases at March 31, 2017 . Excludes $ 141 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, and includes $ 7 03 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income at March 31, 2017 . Includes five restructured loans at March 31, 2017 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with a recorded investment of $ 26 and an ALLL of $ 18 . Residential As of December 31, 2016 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total ALLL: (a) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 118 (c) 68 44 - 230 Collectively evaluated for impairment 713 28 170 - 911 Unallocated - - - 112 112 Total ALLL $ 831 96 214 112 1,253 Portfolio loans and leases: (b) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 904 (c) 652 371 - 1,927 Collectively evaluated for impairment 55,548 14,253 20,224 - 90,025 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality - 3 - - 3 Total portfolio loans and leases $ 56,452 14,908 20,595 - 91,955 Includes $ 2 related to leveraged leases at December 31, 2016 . Excludes $ 143 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value, and includes $ 701 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income at December 31, 2016 . Includes five restructured loans at December 31, 2016 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with a recorded investment of $ 26 and an ALLL of $ 18 . CREDIT RISK PROFILE Commercial Portfolio Segment For purposes of analyzing historical loss rates used in the determination of the ALLL and monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: commercial and industrial, commercial mortgage owner-occupied, commercial mortgage non owner- occupied, commercial construction and commercial leas es . To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commerc ial portfolio segment, and for purposes of analyzing historical loss rates used in the determination of the ALLL for the commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp utilizes the following categories of credit grades: pass, special mention, substandard, doubt ful and loss. The five categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers that do n ot have identified potential or well defined weaknesses and for which there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated at least annually based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarter ly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter. The Bancorp assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases that have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesse s may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or the Bancorp’s credit position. The Bancorp assigns a substandard rating to loans and leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. Substandard loans and leases have well defined weaknesses or weaknesses that could jeopardize the orderly repayment of the debt. Loans and leases in this grade also are characterized b y the distinct possibility that the Bancorp will sustain some loss if the deficiencies noted are not addressed and corrected. The Bancorp assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases that have all the attributes of a substandard rating with the added cha racteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and re asonable specific pending factors that may work to the advantage of and strengthen the credit quality of the loan or lease, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors may include a pro posed merger or acquisition, liquidation proceeding, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral or refinancing plans. Loans and leases classified as loss are considere d uncollectible and are charged- off in the period in which they are de termined to be uncollectible. Because loans and leases in this category are fully charged-off , they are not included in the following tables. The following tables summarize the credit risk profile of the Bancorp’s commercial portfolio segment, by class: Special As of March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial and industrial loans $ 38,187 1,255 1,630 2 41,074 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,226 74 110 - 3,410 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,429 25 60 - 3,514 Commercial construction loans 4,238 45 - - 4,283 Commercial leases 4,007 56 29 - 4,092 Total commercial loans and leases $ 53,087 1,455 1,829 2 56,373 Special As of December 31, 2016 ($ in millions) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial and industrial loans $ 38,844 1,204 1,604 24 41,676 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,168 72 117 3 3,360 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,466 4 69 - 3,539 Commercial construction loans 3,902 1 - - 3,903 Commercial leases 3,894 54 26 - 3,974 Total commercial loans and leases $ 53,274 1,335 1,816 27 56,452 Residential Mortgage and Consumer Portfolio Segment s For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its consumer portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: home equity, automobile loans, credit card and other consumer loans and leases. The Bancorp’s residential mortgage portfolio segment is also a separate class. The Bancorp considers repayment performance as the best indicator of credit quality for residential mortgage and consumer loans, which includes both the delinquency status and per forming versus nonperforming status of the loans. The delinquency status of all residential mortgage and consumer loans is presented by class i n the age analysis section while the performing versus nonperforming status is presented in the following table . Refer to the nonaccrual loans and leases section of Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 for additional delinquency and nonperforming information. The following table presents a summary of the Bancorp’s residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments, by class, disaggregated into performing versus nonperforming status as of: March 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 ($ in millions) Performing Nonperforming Performing Nonperforming Residential mortgage loans (a) $ 15,160 35 14,874 34 Home equity 7,399 70 7,622 73 Automobile loans 9,570 2 9,981 2 Credit card 2,043 27 2,209 28 Other consumer loans and leases 808 - 680 - Total residential mortgage and consumer loans and leases (a) $ 34,980 134 35,366 137 (a) Excludes $ 141 and $ 143 of loans measured at fair value at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans and Leases The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s recorded investment in portfolio loans and leases, by age and class: Current Past Due 90 Days Past Loans and 30-89 90 Days Total Total Loans Due and Still As of March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Leases (c) Days (c) or More (c) Past Due and Leases Accruing Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 40,930 46 98 144 41,074 3 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,388 3 19 22 3,410 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,506 1 7 8 3,514 - Commercial construction loans 4,283 - - - 4,283 - Commercial leases 4,090 - 2 2 4,092 - Residential mortgage loans (a)(b) 15,087 27 81 108 15,195 45 Consumer loans and leases: Home equity 7,351 64 54 118 7,469 - Automobile loans 9,503 60 9 69 9,572 6 Credit card 2,018 27 25 52 2,070 21 Other consumer loans and leases 807 1 - 1 808 - Total portfolio loans and leases (a) $ 90,963 229 295 524 91,487 75 Excludes $ 141 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at March 31, 2017 . Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. As of March 31, 2017 , $ 77 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $ 302 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized $ 2 of losses during the three months ended March 31, 2017 due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans. Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases. Current Past Due 90 Days Past Loans and 30-89 90 Days Total Total Loans Due and Still As of December 31, 2016 ($ in millions) Leases (c) Days (c) or More (c) Past Due and Leases Accruing Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 41,495 87 94 181 41,676 4 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,332 6 22 28 3,360 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,530 2 7 9 3,539 - Commercial construction loans 3,902 1 - 1 3,903 - Commercial leases 3,972 - 2 2 3,974 - Residential mortgage loans (a)(b) 14,790 37 81 118 14,908 49 Consumer loans and leases: Home equity 7,570 68 57 125 7,695 - Automobile loans 9,886 85 12 97 9,983 9 Credit card 2,183 28 26 54 2,237 22 Other consumer loans and leases 679 1 - 1 680 - Total portfolio loans and leases (a) $ 91,339 315 301 616 91,955 84 Excludes $ 143 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at December 31, 2016 . Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA . As of December 31 , 2016 , $ 110 of these loa ns were 30-89 days past due and $ 312 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized $ 2 o f losses during the three months ended March 31, 2016 due to claim denials and cu rtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans . Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases. Impaired Portfolio Loans and Leases Larger commercial loans and leases included within aggregate borrower relationship balances exceeding $ 1 million that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses are subject to individual review for impairment. The Bancorp also performs an individual review on loans and leases that are restructured in a TDR . The Bancorp considers the current value of collateral, credit quality of any guarantees, the loan structure and other factors when evaluating whether an individual loan or lease is impaired. Other factors may include the geography an d industry of the borrower, size and financial condition of the borrower, cash flow and leverage of the borrower, and the Bancorp’s evaluation of the borrower’s management. Smaller-balance homogenous loans or leases that are collectively evaluated for impa irment are not included in the following tables. The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s impaired portfolio loans and leases, by class, that were subject to individual review, which includes all portfolio loans and leases restructured in a TDR: Unpaid Principal Recorded As of March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Balance Investment ALLL With a related ALLL: Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 449 392 86 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans (b) 19 13 3 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 16 15 6 Restructured residential mortgage loans 472 468 68 Restructured consumer loans and leases: Home equity 192 191 29 Automobile loans 11 11 1 Credit card 49 49 12 Total impaired portfolio loans and leases with a related ALLL $ 1,208 1,139 205 With no related ALLL: Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 264 242 - Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 28 22 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 74 74 - Commercial leases 2 2 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 209 188 - Restructured consumer loans and leases: Home equity 104 101 - Automobile loans 3 2 - Total impaired portfolio loans and leases with no related ALLL $ 684 631 - Total impaired portfolio loans and leases $ 1,892 1,770 a (a) 205 Includes $ 277 , $ 642 and $ 308 , respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDRs on accrual status and $ 251 , $ 14 an d $ 46 , respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDRs on nonaccrual status at March 31, 2017 . Excludes five restructured loans at March 31, 2017 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with an unpaid principal balance of $ 26 , a recorded investment of $ 26 and an ALLL of $ 18 . Unpaid Principal Recorded As of December 31, 2016 ($ in millions) Balance Investment ALLL With a related ALLL: Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 440 414 94 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans (b) 24 16 5 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 7 6 1 Commercial leases 2 2 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 471 465 68 Restructured consumer loans and leases: Home equity 202 201 30 Automobile loans 12 12 2 Credit card 52 52 12 Total impaired portfolio loans and leases with a related ALLL $ 1,210 1,168 212 With no related ALLL: Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 394 320 - Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 36 35 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 93 83 - Commercial leases 2 2 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 207 187 - Restructured consumer loans and leases: Home equity 107 104 - Automobile loans 3 2 - Total impaired portfolio loans and leases with no related ALLL $ 842 733 - Total impaired portfolio loans and leases $ 2,052 1,901 a (a) 212 Includes $ 322 , $ 635 and $ 323 , respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDR s on accrual status and $ 192 , $ 17 and $ 48 , respectively , of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDRs on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2016 . Excludes five restructured loans at December 31, 2016 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with an unpaid principal balance of $ 26 , a recorded investment of $ 26 and an ALLL of $ 18 . The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s average impaired portfolio loans and leases, by class, and interest income, by class: For the three months ended For the three months ended March 31, 2017 March 31, 2016 Average Interest Average Interest Recorded Income Recorded Income ($ in millions) Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 683 1 645 2 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans (a) 43 - 71 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 89 1 165 1 Commercial construction loans - - 7 - Commercial leases 3 - 5 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 654 6 642 6 Restructured consumer loans and leases: Home equity 298 3 340 3 Automobile loans 14 - 19 - Credit card 51 1 60 1 Total average impaired portfolio loans and leases $ 1,835 12 1,954 13 (a) Excludes five restructured loans associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with an average recorded investment of $ 2 6 and $ 27 at March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 , respectively, and an immaterial amount of interest income recognized for the both the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 . Nonperforming Assets Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and leases for which ultimate collectability of the full amount of the principal and/or interest is uncertain; restructured commercial and credit card loans which have not yet met the requirements to be classified as a performing asset; restructured consumer loans which are 90 days past due based on the restructured terms unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection; and certain other assets, including OREO and other repossessed property. The following table presents the Bancorp’s nonaccrual loans and leases, by class, and OREO and other repossessed property as of: March 31, December 31, ($ in millions) 2017 2016 Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 484 478 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans (a) 28 32 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 9 9 Commercial leases 2 4 Total nonaccrual portfolio commercial loans and leases 523 523 Residential mortgage loans 35 34 Consumer loans and leases: Home equity 70 73 Automobile loans 2 2 Credit card 27 28 Total nonaccrual portfolio consumer loans and leases 99 103 Total nonaccrual portfolio loans and leases (b)(c) $ 657 660 OREO and other repossessed property 64 78 a Total nonperforming portfolio assets (b)(c) $ 721 738 Excludes $ 19 of restructured nonaccrual loans at both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp has no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party. Excludes $ 9 and $ 1 3 of nonaccrual loans held for sale at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. Includes $ 4 of nonaccrual government insured commercial loans whose repayments are insured by the SBA at both March 31, 2017 and Dec ember 31, 2016 and an immaterial amount and $ 1 of restructured nonaccrual government insured commercial loans at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively . The Bancorp’s recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction was $ 273 million and $ 260 million as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , respectively. Troubled Debt Restructurings If a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, the Bancorp may consider, in certain circumstances, modifying the terms of their loan to maximize collect ion of amounts due. Within each of the Bancorp’s loan classes, TDRs typically involve either a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, an extension of the loan’s maturity date with a stated rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, or in limited circumstances, a reduction of the principal balance of the loan or the loan’s accrued interest. Modifying the terms of a loan may result in an increase or decrease to the ALLL depending upon the terms modified, the method u sed to measure the ALLL for a loan prior to modification, and whether any charge-offs were recorded on the loan before or at the time of modification. Refer to the ALLL section of Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s An nual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 for information on the Bancorp’s ALLL methodology. Upon modification of a loan, the Bancorp measures the related impairment as the difference between the estimated future cash flows expected to be collected on the modified loan , discounted at the original effective yield of the loan, and the carrying value of the loan . The resulting measurement may result in the need for minimal or no allowance because it is probable that all cash flows will b e collected under the modified terms of the loan. In addition, if the stated interest rate was increased in a TDR, the cash flows on the modified loan, using the pre-modification interest rate as the discount rate, often exceed the recorded investment of t he loan. Conversely, upon a modification that reduces the stated interest rate on a loan, the Bancorp recognizes an impairment loss as an increase to the ALLL. I f a TDR involves a reduction of the principal balance of the loan or the loan’s accrued intere st, that amount is charged off to the ALLL . As of March 31, 2017 , the Bancorp had $ 115 million and $ 5 6 million in line of credit and letter of credit commitments, respectively, compared to $ 82 million and $ 57 million in line of credit and letter of credit commitments as of December 31, 2016 , respectively, to lend additional funds to borrowers whose terms have been modified in a TDR. The following tables provide a summary of loans, by class, modified in a TDR by the Bancorp during the three months ended: Recorded investment Number of loans in loans modified Increase Charge-offs modified in a TDR in a TDR to ALLL upon recognized upon March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) (a) during the period (b) during the period modification modification Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 33 $ 97 1 2 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 5 2 - - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 1 - - - Residential mortgage loans 203 29 2 - Consumer loans: Home equity 31 2 - - Automobile loans 30 - - - Credit card 1,756 7 1 - Total portfolio loans 2,059 $ 137 4 2 Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality which were accounted for within a pool . Represents number of loans post-modification and excludes loans previously modified in a TDR . Recorded investment Increase Number of loans in loans modified (Decrease) Charge-offs modified in a TDR in a TDR to ALLL upon recognized upon March 31, 2016 ($ in millions) (a) during the period (b) during the period modification modification Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 24 $ 56 (2) - Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 7 6 (2) - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 2 - - - Residential mortgage loans 243 36 2 - Consumer loans: Home equity 64 5 - - Automobile loans 78 1 - - Credit card 2,592 12 2 1 Total portfolio loans 3,010 $ 116 - 1 Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality which were accounted for within a pool . Represents number of loans post-modification and excludes loans previously modified in a TDR . The Bancorp considers TDRs that become 90 days or more past due under the modified te rms as subsequently defaulted. For commercial loans not subject to individual review for impairment, loss rates that are applied for purposes of determining the ALLL include historical losses associated with subsequent defaults on loan s previously modified in a TDR . For consumer loans, the Bancorp performs a qualitative assessment of the adequacy of the consumer ALLL by comparing the consumer ALLL to forecasted consumer losses over the projected loss emergence period (the forecasted losses include the impact of subsequent defaults of consumer TDRs). When a residential mortgage, home equity, auto mobile or other consumer loan that has been modified in a TDR subsequently defaults, the present value of expected cash flows used in the measurement of the potential impairment loss is generally limited to the expected net proceeds from the sale of the loan’s underlying collateral and any resulting impairment loss is reflected as a charge-off or an increase in ALLL. The Bancorp recognizes ALLL for the entire balance of the credit card loans modified in a TDR that subsequently default . The following tables provide a summary of TDRs that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and were within twelve months of the restructuring date: Number of Recorded March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) (a) Contracts Investment Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 2 $ 1 Residential mortgage loans 57 9 Consumer loans: Home equity 5 1 Credit card 450 2 Total portfolio loans 514 $ 13 (a) Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality. Number of Recorded March 31, 2016 ($ in millions) (a) Contracts Investment Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 1 $ - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 1 - Residential mortgage loans 53 7 Consumer loans: Home equity 6 1 Credit card 423 2 Total portfolio loans 484 $ 10 (a) Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality. |