Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses | 6 . Credit Quality and the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses The Bancorp disaggregates ALLL balances and transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment. Credit quality related disclosures for loans and leases are further disaggregated by class . Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses The following tables summarize transactions in the ALLL by portfolio segment: Residential For the three months ended March 31, 2018 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total Balance, beginning of period $ 753 89 234 120 1,196 Losses charged-off (35) (4) (64) - (103) Recoveries of losses previously charged-off 6 1 15 - 22 Provision for (benefit from) loan and lease losses (11) 3 37 (6) 23 Balance, end of period $ 713 89 222 114 1,138 Residential For the three months ended March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total Balance, beginning of period $ 831 96 214 112 1,253 Losses charged-off (46) (6) (55) - (107) Recoveries of losses previously charged-off 4 1 13 - 18 Provision for loan and lease losses 37 5 32 - 74 Balance, end of period $ 826 96 204 112 1,238 The following tables provide a summary of the ALLL and related loans and leases classified by portfolio segment: Residential As of March 31, 2018 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total ALLL: (a) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 113 64 40 - 217 Collectively evaluated for impairment 600 25 182 - 807 Unallocated - - - 114 114 Total ALLL $ 713 89 222 114 1,138 Portfolio loans and leases: (b) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 573 666 308 - 1,547 Collectively evaluated for impairment 56,256 14,759 19,270 - 90,285 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality - 2 - - 2 Total portfolio loans and leases $ 56,829 15,427 19,578 - 91,834 Includes $ 1 related to leveraged leases at March 31, 2018 . Excludes $ 136 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value and includes $ 670 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income at March 31, 2018 . Residential As of December 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Commercial Mortgage Consumer Unallocated Total ALLL: (a) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 94 64 42 - 200 Collectively evaluated for impairment 659 25 192 - 876 Unallocated - - - 120 120 Total ALLL $ 753 89 234 120 1,196 Portfolio loans and leases: (b) Individually evaluated for impairment $ 560 665 320 - 1,545 Collectively evaluated for impairment 55,835 14,787 19,664 - 90,286 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality - 2 - - 2 Total portfolio loans and leases $ 56,395 15,454 19,984 - 91,833 Includes $ 1 related to leveraged leases at December 31, 2017 . Excludes $ 137 of residential mortga ge loans measured at fair value and includes $ 674 of leveraged leases, net of unearned income at December 31, 2017 . CREDIT RISK PROFILE Commercial Portfolio Segment For purposes of analyzing historical loss rates used in the determination of the ALLL and monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its commercial portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: commercial and industrial, commercial mortgage owner-occupied, commercial mortgage non owner- occupi ed, commercial construction and commercial leas es . To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality within the commercial portfolio segment, and for purposes of analyzing historical loss rates used in the determination of the ALLL for the commercial portfo lio segment, the Bancorp utilizes the following categories of credit grades: pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. The five categories, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of cr edit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. Pass ratings, which are assigned to those borrowers that do not ha ve identified potential or well- defined weaknesses and for which there is a high likelihood of orderly repayment, are updated at leas t annually based on the size and credit characteristics of the borrower. All other categories are updated on a quarterly basis during the month preceding the end of the calendar quarter. The Bancorp assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases th at have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or the Bancorp’s credit position. The Bancorp assigns a substandard rating to loans and leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. Substan dard loans and leases have well- defined weaknesses or weaknesses that could jeopardize the orderly repayment of the debt. Loans and leases in this grade also are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bancorp will sustain some loss if the deficiencies noted are not addressed and corrected. The Ba ncorp assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases that have all the attributes of a substandard rating with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of curre ntly existing facts, conditions and val ues, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, b ut because of certain important and reasonable specific pending factors that may work to the advantage of and strengthen the credit quality of the loan or lease, its class ification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors may include a proposed merger or acquisition, liquidation proceeding, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral or refinancing plan s. Loans and leases classified as loss are considere d uncollectible and are charged- off in the period in which they are determined to be uncollectible. Because loans and leases in this category are fully charged-off , they are not included in the following tables. The following tables summarize the credit risk profile of the Bancorp’s commercial portfolio segment, by class: Special As of March 31, 2018 ($ in millions) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial and industrial loans $ 39,385 1,074 1,173 3 41,635 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,150 81 99 - 3,330 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,079 8 92 - 3,179 Commercial construction loans 4,692 74 - - 4,766 Commercial leases 3,776 79 64 - 3,919 Total commercial loans and leases $ 54,082 1,316 1,428 3 56,829 Special As of December 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Pass Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Commercial and industrial loans $ 38,813 1,115 1,235 7 41,170 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,207 75 80 - 3,362 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,117 28 97 - 3,242 Commercial construction loans 4,553 - - - 4,553 Commercial leases 3,922 72 74 - 4,068 Total commercial loans and leases $ 53,612 1,290 1,486 7 56,395 Residential Mortgage and Consumer Portfolio Segment s For purposes of monitoring the credit quality and risk characteristics of its consumer portfolio segment, the Bancorp disaggregates the segment into the following classes: home equity, automobile loans, credi t card and other consumer loans. The Bancorp’s residential mortgage portfolio segment is also a separate class. The Bancorp considers repayment performance as the best indicator of credit quality for residential mortgage and consumer loans, which includes both the delinquency status and per forming versus nonperforming status of the loans. The delinquency status of all residential mortgage and consumer loans is presented by class i n the age analysis section while the performing versus nonperforming status is presented in the following table . Refer to the nonaccrual loans and leases section of Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Bancorp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for additional delinquency and nonperforming informati on. The following table presents a summary of the Bancorp’s residential mortgage and consumer portfolio segments, by class, disaggregated into performing versus nonperforming status as of: March 31, 2018 December 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Performing Nonperforming Performing Nonperforming Residential mortgage loans (a) $ 15,399 28 15,424 30 Home equity 6,683 74 6,940 74 Automobile loans 9,017 1 9,111 1 Credit card 2,162 26 2,273 26 Other consumer loans 1,614 1 1,559 - Total residential mortgage and consumer loans $ 34,875 130 35,307 131 (a) Excludes $ 136 and $ 137 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Age Analysis of Past Due Loans and Leases The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s recorded investment in portfolio loans and leases, by age and class: Current Past Due 90 Days Past Loans and 30-89 90 Days Total Total Loans Due and Still As of March 31, 2018 ($ in millions) Leases (b)(c) Days (c) or More (c) Past Due and Leases Accruing Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 41,502 46 87 133 41,635 7 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,316 6 8 14 3,330 1 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,109 67 3 70 3,179 - Commercial construction loans 4,766 - - - 4,766 - Commercial leases 3,914 - 5 5 3,919 - Residential mortgage loans (a) 15,304 32 91 123 15,427 62 Consumer loans: Home equity 6,636 66 55 121 6,757 - Automobile loans 8,927 81 10 91 9,018 9 Credit card 2,115 39 34 73 2,188 28 Other consumer loans 1,605 9 1 10 1,615 - Total portfolio loans and leases $ 91,194 346 294 640 91,834 107 Excludes $ 136 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at March 31, 2018 . Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. A s of March 31, 2018 , $ 7 9 of these loans were 30-89 days past due and $ 317 were 90 days or more past due. The Bancorp recognized $ 2 of losses during the three months ended March 31, 2018 due to claim denials and curtailments associated with these insured or guaranteed loans. Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases. Current Past Due 90 Days Past Loans and 30-89 90 Days Total Total Loans Due and Still As of December 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Leases (b)(c) Days (c) or More (c) Past Due and Leases Accruing Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 41,027 42 101 143 41,170 3 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 3,351 3 8 11 3,362 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 3,235 - 7 7 3,242 - Commercial construction loans 4,552 1 - 1 4,553 - Commercial leases 4,065 3 - 3 4,068 - Residential mortgage loans (a) 15,301 66 87 153 15,454 57 Consumer loans: Home equity 6,888 70 56 126 7,014 - Automobile loans 8,992 107 13 120 9,112 10 Credit card 2,230 36 33 69 2,299 27 Other consumer loans 1,554 5 - 5 1,559 - Total portfolio loans and leases $ 91,195 333 305 638 91,833 97 Excludes $ 137 of residential mortgage loans measured at fair value at December 31, 2017 . Information includes advances made pursuant to servicing agreements for GNMA mortgage pools whose repayments are insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. As of December 31, 2017 , $ 95 of these loa ns were 30-89 days past due and $ 290 were 90 days or more p ast due. The Bancorp recognized $ 2 of losses during the three months ended March 31, 2017 due to claim denials and cu rtailments asso ciated with these insured or guaranteed loans. Includes accrual and nonaccrual loans and leases. Impaired Portfolio Loans and Leases Larger commercial loans and leases included within aggregate borrower relationship balances exceeding $ 1 million that exhibit probable or observed credit weaknesses are subject to individual review for impairment. The Bancorp also performs an individual review on loans and leases that are restructured in a TDR . The Bancorp considers the current value of coll ateral, credit quality of any guarantees, the loan structure and other factors when evaluating whether an individual loan or lease is impaired. Other factors may include the geography and industry of the borrower, size and financial condition of the borrow er, cash fl ow and leverage of the borrower and the Bancorp’s evaluation of the borrower’s management. Smaller-balance homogenous loans or leases that are collectively evaluated for impairment are not included in the following tables. The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s impaired portfolio loans and leases, by class, that were subject to individual review, which includes all portfolio loans and leases restructured in a TDR: Unpaid Principal Recorded As of March 31, 2018 ($ in millions) Balance Investment ALLL With a related ALLL: Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 414 358 109 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 4 3 1 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 2 2 - Commercial leases 8 8 3 Restructured residential mortgage loans 460 457 64 Restructured consumer loans: Home equity 129 130 25 Automobile loans 6 5 1 Credit card 49 44 14 Total impaired portfolio loans and leases with a related ALLL $ 1,072 1,007 217 With no related ALLL: Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans $ 188 161 - Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 17 13 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 28 28 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 228 209 - Restructured consumer loans: Home equity 129 126 - Automobile loans 3 3 - Total impaired portfolio loans with no related ALLL $ 593 540 - Total impaired portfolio loans and leases $ 1,665 1,547 (a) 217 Includes $ 249 , $ 654 and $ 262 , respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDRs on accrual status and $ 154 , $ 12 an d $ 46 , respectively, of commercial, re sidential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDRs on nonaccrual status at March 31, 2018 . Unpaid Principal Recorded As of December 31, 2017 ($ in millions) Balance Investment ALLL With a related ALLL: Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 433 358 87 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 16 14 7 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 4 3 - Commercial leases 4 4 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 469 465 64 Restructured consumer loans: Home equity 172 172 27 Automobile loans 8 7 1 Credit card 52 45 14 Total impaired portfolio loans and leases with a related ALLL $ 1,158 1,068 200 With no related ALLL: Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans $ 151 131 - Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 18 15 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 35 35 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 218 200 - Restructured consumer loans: Home equity 97 94 - Automobile loans 2 2 - Total impaired portfolio loans with no related ALLL $ 521 477 - Total impaired portfolio loans and leases $ 1,679 1,545 a (a) 200 Includes $ 249 , $ 652 and $ 275 , respectively, of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDR s on accrual status and $ 150 , $ 13 and $ 45 , respectively , of commercial, residential mortgage and consumer portfolio TDRs on nonaccrual status at December 31, 2017 . The following tables summarize the Bancorp’s average impaired portfolio loans and leases, by class, and interest income, by class: For the three months ended For the three months ended March 31, 2018 March 31, 2017 Average Interest Average Interest Recorded Income Recorded Income ($ in millions) Investment Recognized Investment Recognized Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 497 5 683 1 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans (a) 22 - 43 - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 34 - 89 1 Commercial leases 6 - 3 - Restructured residential mortgage loans 665 6 654 6 Restructured consumer loans: Home equity 258 3 298 3 Automobile loans 9 - 14 - Credit card 48 1 51 1 Total average impaired portfolio loans and leases $ 1,539 15 1,835 12 Excludes five restructured loans associated with a consolidated VIE in which the Bancorp had no continuing credit risk due to the risk being assumed by a third party, with an average recorded investment of $ 26 for the three months ended March 31, 2017. An immaterial amount of interest income was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2017. Refer to Note 9 for further discussion on the deconsolidation of the VIE associated with these loans in the third quarter of 2017. Nonperforming Assets Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and leases for which ultimate collectability of the full amount of the principal and/or interest is uncertain; restructured commercial and credit card loans which have not yet met the requirements to be classified as a performing asset; restructured consumer loans which are 90 days past due based on the restructured terms unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection; and certain other assets, including OREO and other repossessed property. The following table presents the Bancorp’s nonaccrual loans and leases, by class, and OREO and other repossessed property as of: March 31, December 31, ($ in millions) 2018 2017 Commercial loans and leases: Commercial and industrial loans $ 299 276 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 11 19 Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 4 7 Commercial leases 8 4 Total nonaccrual portfolio commercial loans and leases 322 306 Residential mortgage loans 28 30 Consumer loans: Home equity 74 74 Automobile loans 1 1 Credit card 26 26 Other consumer loans 1 - Total nonaccrual portfolio consumer loans 102 101 Total nonaccrual portfolio loans and leases (a)(b) $ 452 437 OREO and other repossessed property 52 52 Total nonperforming portfolio assets (a)(b) $ 504 489 Excludes $ 24 a nd $ 6 of nonaccrual loans held for sale at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Includes $ 5 and $ 3 of nonaccrual government insured commercial loans whose repayments are insured by the SBA a t March 31, 2018 and Dec ember 31, 2017 , respectively, of which $ 2 and $ 3 are restructured nonaccrual government insured commercial loans at both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively . The Bancorp’s recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process according to local requirements of the applicable jurisdiction was $ 213 million and $ 235 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 , respectively. Troubled Debt Restructurings If a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, the Bancorp may consider, in certain circumstances, modifying the terms of their loan to maximize collect ion of amounts due. Within each of the Bancorp’s loan classes, TDRs typically involve either a reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, an extension of the loan’s maturity date with a stated rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk or , in limited circumstances, a reduction of the principal balance of the loan or the loan’s accrued interest. Modifying the terms of a loan may result in an increase or decrease to the ALLL depending upon the terms modified, the method u sed to measure the ALLL for a loan prior to modification and whether any charge-offs were recorded on the loan before or at the time of modification. Refer to the ALLL section of Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Banc orp’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for information on the Bancorp’s ALLL methodology. Upon modification of a loan, the Bancorp measures the related impairment as the difference between the estimated future cash flows e xpected to be collected on the modified loan , discounted at the original effective yield of the loan, and the carrying value of the loan . The resulting measurement may result in the need for minimal or no allowance because it is probable that all cash flow s will be collected under the modified terms of the loan. In addition, if the stated interest rate was increased in a TDR, the cash flows on the modified loan, using the pre-modification interest rate as the discount rate, often exceed the recorded investm ent of the loan. Conversely, upon a modification that reduces the stated interest rate on a loan, the Bancorp recognizes an impairment loss as an increase to the ALLL. I f a TDR involves a reduction of the principal balance of the loan or the loan’s accrue d interest, that amount is charged off to the ALLL . The Bancorp had commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose terms have been modified in a TDR, consisting of line of credit and let ter of credit commitments of $ 33 million and $ 79 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2018 compared with $ 53 million and $ 78 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2017 . The following tables provide a summary of loans and leases, by class, modified in a TDR by the Bancorp during the three months ended: Recorded Investment Number of Loans in Loans Modified Increase Charge-offs Modified in a TDR in a TDR to ALLL Upon Recognized Upon March 31, 2018 ($ in millions) (a) During the Period (b) During the Period Modification Modification Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 12 $ 72 13 - Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 2 - - - Residential mortgage loans 247 33 1 - Consumer loans: Home equity 25 2 - - Automobile loans 20 - - - Credit card 1,965 10 2 - Total portfolio loans 2,271 $ 117 16 - Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality which were accounted for within a pool . Represents number of loans post-modification and excludes loans previously modified in a TDR . Recorded Investment Number of Loans in Loans Modified Increase Charge-offs Modified in a TDR in a TDR to ALLL Upon Recognized Upon March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) (a) During the Period (b) During the Period Modification Modification Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 33 $ 97 1 2 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 5 2 - - Commercial mortgage nonowner-occupied loans 1 - - - Residential mortgage loans 203 29 2 - Consumer loans: Home equity 31 2 - - Automobile loans 30 - - - Credit card 1,756 7 1 - Total portfolio loans 2,059 $ 137 4 2 Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality which were accounted for within a pool . Represents number of loans post-modification and excludes loans previously modified in a TDR . The Bancorp considers TDRs that become 90 days or more past due under the modified te rms as subsequently defaulted. For commercial loans not subject to individual review for impairment, loss rates that are applied for purposes of determining the ALLL include historical losses associated with subsequent defaults on loan s previously modified in a TDR . For consumer loans, the Bancorp performs a qualitative assessment of the adequacy of the consumer ALLL by comparing the consumer ALLL to forecasted consum er losses over the projected loss emergence period (the forecasted losses include the impact of subsequent defaults of consumer TDRs). When a residential mortgage, home equity, auto mobile or other consumer loan that has been modified in a TDR subsequently defaults, the present value of expected cash flows used in the measurement of the potential impairment loss is generally limited to the expected net proceeds from the sale of the loan’s underlying collateral and any resulting impairment loss is reflected a s a charge-off or an increase in ALLL. The Bancorp recognizes an ALLL for the entire balance of the credit card loans modified in a TDR that subsequently default . The following tables provide a summary of TDRs that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 and were within twelve months of the restructuring date: Number of Recorded March 31, 2018 ($ in millions) (a) Contracts Investment Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 1 $ 1 Commercial mortgage owner-occupied loans 2 - Residential mortgage loans 48 7 Consumer loans: Home equity 2 - Credit card 242 1 Total portfolio loans 295 $ 9 (a) Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality. Number of Recorded March 31, 2017 ($ in millions) (a) Contracts Investment Commercial loans: Commercial and industrial loans 2 $ 1 Residential mortgage loans 57 9 Consumer loans: Home equity 5 1 Credit card 450 2 Total portfolio loans 514 $ 13 (a) Excludes all loans and leases held for sale and loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality. |