Investments | Investments The Company follows the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures , for its financial assets and liabilities, and for its non-financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements. ASC 820 provides a framework for measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities. This framework is intended to provide increased consistency in how fair value determinations are made under various existing accounting standards that permit, or in some cases, require estimates of fair-market value. This standard also expanded financial statement disclosure requirements with respect to a company’s use of fair-value measurements, including the effect of such measurements on earnings. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. The Company determines the fair value of its government securities, asset-backed securities, municipal bonds, and corporate bonds by utilizing monthly valuation statements that are provided by its broker. The broker determines the investment valuation by utilizing the bid price in the market and also refers to third party sources to validate valuations, and as such are classified as Level 2 assets. The Company's certificates of deposit are classified as available for sale and are considered as Level 1 assets. These investments are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The Company also periodically makes technology investments in certain non-consolidated third-parties. These equity investments are accounted for in accordance with ASC 321, Investments - Equity Securities . Equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values, and where the Company has not identified any observable events that would cause adjustment of the valuation to date, are then held at cost. These technology investments totaled approximately $9.0 million and $4.0 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. These investments are classified within Long-Term Investments in the consolidated balance sheets. Assets or liabilities that have recurring fair value measurements are shown below as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: As of June 30, 2021: Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using Total as of Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Description June 30, 2021 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Cash & Cash Equivalents $ 353,032,803 $ 353,032,803 $ — $ — Short-Term Investments: Certificate of Deposit 1,511,377 1,511,377 — — Corporate Bonds 2,020,280 — 2,020,280 — Government Securities 602,016 — 602,016 — Municipal Bonds 7,951,512 — 7,951,512 — Other 1,713,642 1,713,642 — — Long-Term Investments: Asset Backed Securities 29,174,900 — 29,174,900 — Certificate of Deposit 2,599,960 2,599,960 — — Corporate Bonds 27,966,498 — 27,966,498 — Government Securities 35,738,826 — 35,738,826 — Municipal Bonds 88,934,125 — 88,934,125 — Total $ 551,245,939 $ 358,857,782 $ 192,388,157 $ — As of December 31, 2020: Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using Total as of Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Significant Other Observable Inputs Significant Unobservable Inputs Description December 31, 2020 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) Cash & Cash Equivalents $ 423,371,036 $ 423,371,036 $ — $ — Short-Term Investments: Certificate of Deposit 1,516,693 1,516,693 — — Corporate Bonds 7,155,600 — 7,155,600 — Government Securities 6,678,450 — 6,678,450 — Municipal Bonds 10,284,765 — 10,284,765 — Other 1,528,861 1,528,861 — — Long-Term Investments: Asset-backed Securities 37,924,537 — 37,924,537 — Certificate of Deposit 3,645,520 3,645,520 — Corporate Bonds 9,024,035 — 9,024,035 — Municipal Bonds 107,407,831 — 107,407,831 — Total $ 608,537,328 $ 430,062,110 $ 178,475,218 $ — The amortized cost, unrealized gains and losses, and market value of investment securities are shown as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020: As of June 30, 2021: Unrealized Cost Gains Losses Market Value Short-Term Investments: Certificate of Deposit $ 1,502,822 $ 10,107 $ (1,552) $ 1,511,377 Corporate Bonds 2,013,237 7,043 — 2,020,280 Government Securities 601,784 232 — 602,016 Municipal Bonds 7,926,891 24,621 — 7,951,512 Other 1,713,642 — — 1,713,642 Long-Term Investments: Asset Backed Securities 29,690,643 69,718 (585,461) 29,174,900 Certificate of Deposit 2,502,449 97,511 — 2,599,960 Corporate Bonds 27,724,234 362,001 (119,737) 27,966,498 Government Securities 35,656,412 90,333 (7,919) 35,738,826 Municipal Bonds 84,595,949 6,309,593 (1,971,417) 88,934,125 Total $ 193,928,063 $ 6,971,159 $ (2,686,086) $ 198,213,136 As of December 31, 2020: Unrealized Cost Gains Losses Market Value Short-Term Investments: Certificate of Deposit $ 1,502,187 $ 14,506 $ — $ 1,516,693 Corporate Bonds 7,084,638 70,962 — 7,155,600 Government Securities 6,635,132 43,318 — 6,678,450 Municipal Bonds 10,160,376 124,389 — 10,284,765 Other 1,528,861 — — 1,528,861 Long-Term Investments: Asset-backed Securities 37,681,113 800,802 (557,378) 37,924,537 Certificate of Deposit 3,503,898 141,622 — 3,645,520 Corporate Bonds 8,595,020 429,015 — 9,024,035 Municipal Bonds 100,776,325 6,635,428 (3,922) 107,407,831 Total $ 177,467,550 $ 8,260,042 $ (561,300) $ 185,166,292 Unrealized losses on investments as of June 30, 2021, are as follows: Aggregate Unrealized Losses Aggregate Fair Value of Investments Loss duration of less than one year $ 2,274,743 $ 40,341,064 Loss duration of greater than one year 411,342 1,956,482 Total $ 2,686,085 $ 42,297,546 Unrealized losses on investments as of December 31, 2020, are as follows: Aggregate Unrealized Losses Aggregate Fair Value of Investments Loss duration of less than one year $ 561,300 $ 12,317,187 Loss duration of greater than one year — — Total $ 561,300 $ 12,317,187 Effective January 1, 2020, the Company adopted ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instrument s. The guidance modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. The Company utilized the guidance provided by ASC 326 to determine whether any of the available-for-sale debt securities held by the Company were impaired. No investments were considered to be impaired during the periods presented. The Company has the intention and current ability to hold its debt investments until the amortized cost basis has been recovered. Fixed income securities as of June 30, 2021 have contractual maturities as follows: Due within one year $ 12,085,185 Due between one and five years 42,578,597 Due over five years 141,835,712 $ 196,499,494 |