Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements | 9 Months Ended |
Sep. 30, 2013 |
Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements | ' |
Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements | ' |
Note 12 – Fair Value Option and Fair Value Measurements |
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Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy established by the Company also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are: |
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Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the Company has the ability to access as of the measurement date. |
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Level 2: Significant observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. |
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Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own view about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. |
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Transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred at the end of the reporting period. For the quarters ended September 30, 2013, and 2012 there were no significant transfers between levels. |
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Securities (available-for-sale and held-to-maturity) are valued by a third party pricing agent and both the market and income valuation approaches are implemented. The Company uses the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value: |
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· Government-sponsored agency debt securities are primarily priced using available market information through processes such as benchmark curves, market valuations of like securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing. |
· Other government-sponsored agency securities, MBS and some of the actively traded real estate mortgage investment conduits and collateralized mortgage obligations are priced using available market information including benchmark yields, prepayment speeds, spreads, volatility of similar securities and trade date. |
· Other inactive government-sponsored agency securities and auction rate asset backed securities are priced using consensus pricing and dealer quotes. |
· State and political subdivisions are largely grouped by characteristics (e.g.., geographical data and source of revenue in trade dissemination systems). Because some securities are not traded daily and due to other grouping limitations, active market quotes are often obtained using benchmarking for like securities and could be valued with Level 3 measurements. |
· CDOs are collateralized by trust preferred security issuances of other financial institutions. CDOs are valued utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis. To reflect an appropriate fair value measurement, management included a risk premium adjustment to provide an estimate of the amount that a market participant would demand because of uncertainty in cash flows in the discounted cash flow analysis. Changes in unobservable inputs such as future cash flows, prepayment speeds and market rates which may result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. Due to the significant amount of unobservable inputs for the security and limited market activity, these securities are considered Level 3 valuations. |
· Asset-backed securities (see above) are also priced using a single expected cash flow stream model using trades, covers, bids, offers and price for similar bonds as well as prepayment and default projections based on historical statistics of the underlying collateral and current market data. As some of asset-backed securities are auction rate securities, there is additional liquidity risk estimated by the Company. Therefore, the valuation of some asset-backed securities are considered Level 3 valuations |
· Residential mortgage loans eligible for sale in the secondary market are carried at fair market value. The fair value of loans held for sale is determined using quoted secondary market prices. |
· Lending related commitments to fund certain residential mortgage loans, e.g. residential mortgage loans with locked in interest rates to be sold in the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans to third party investors as well as forward commitments for future delivery of MBS are considered derivatives. Fair values are estimated based on observable changes in mortgage interest rates including prices for MBS from the date of the commitment and do not typically involve significant judgments by management. |
· The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated net servicing income. The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income to derive the resultant value. The Company is able to compare the valuation model inputs, such as the discount rate, prepayment speeds, weighted average delinquency and foreclosure/bankruptcy rates to widely available published industry data for reasonableness. |
· Interest rate swap positions, both assets and liabilities, are based on valuation pricing models using an income approach reflecting readily observable market parameters such as interest rate yield curves. |
· Both the credit valuation reserve on current interest rate swap positions and on receivables related to unwound customer interest rate swap positions were determined based upon management’s estimate of the amount of credit risk exposure, including by available collateral protection and/or by utilizing an estimate related to a probability of default as indicated in the Bank credit policy. Such adjustments would result in a Level 3 classification. |
· The fair value of impaired loans with specific allocations of the allowance for loan losses is essentially based on recent real estate appraisals. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to reflect differences between the available comparable sales and income data. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. |
· Nonrecurring adjustments to certain commercial and residential real estate properties classified as OREO are measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, less costs to sell. Fair values are based on third party appraisals of the property, resulting in a Level 3 classification. In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less costs to sell, an impairment loss is recognized. |
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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis: |
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The tables below present the balance of assets and liabilities at September 30, 2013, and December 31, 2012, respectively, measured by the Company at fair value on a recurring basis: |
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| | September 30, 2013 | | | | | |
| | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities available-for-sale | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury | | $ | 1,548 | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 1,548 | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | | | - | | | 1,693 | | | - | | | 1,693 | | | | | |
States and political subdivisions | | | - | | | 19,709 | | | 132 | | | 19,841 | | | | | |
Corporate Bonds | | | - | | | 22,200 | | | - | | | 22,200 | | | | | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations | | | - | | | 48,125 | | | - | | | 48,125 | | | | | |
Asset-backed securities | | | | | | 121,772 | | | 147,212 | | | 268,984 | | | | | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | | - | | | - | | | 11,087 | | | 11,087 | | | | | |
Loans held-for-sale | | | - | | | 3,129 | | | - | | | 3,129 | | | | | |
Mortgage servicing rights | | | - | | | - | | | 5,456 | | | 5,456 | | | | | |
Other assets (Interest rate swap agreements net of swap credit valuation) | | | - | | | 584 | | | -13 | | | 571 | | | | | |
Other assets (Forward MBS) | | | - | | | 69 | | | - | | | 69 | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 1,548 | | $ | 217,281 | | $ | 163,874 | | $ | 382,703 | | | | | |
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Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other liabilities (Interest rate swap agreements) | | $ | - | | $ | 584 | | $ | - | | $ | 584 | | | | | |
Other liabilities (Interest rate lock commitments to borrowers) | | | - | | | 1 | | | - | | | 1 | | | | | |
Total | | $ | - | | $ | 585 | | $ | - | | $ | 585 | | | | | |
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| | December 31, 2012 | | | | | |
| | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Securities available-for-sale | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
U.S. Treasury | | $ | 1,507 | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 1,507 | | | | | |
U.S. government agencies | | - | | 49,850 | | - | | 49,850 | | | | | |
U.S. government agency mortgage-backed | | - | | 128,738 | | - | | 128,738 | | | | | |
States and political subdivisions | | - | | 15,723 | | 132 | | 15,855 | | | | | |
Corporate Bonds | | - | | 36,886 | | - | | 36,886 | | | | | |
Collateralized mortgage obligations | | - | | 169,600 | | - | | 169,600 | | | | | |
Asset-backed securities | | | | 167,493 | | - | | 167,493 | | | | | |
Collateralized debt obligations | | - | | - | | 9,957 | | 9,957 | | | | | |
Loans held-for-sale | | - | | 9,571 | | - | | 9,571 | | | | | |
Mortgage servicing rights | | - | | - | | 4,116 | | 4,116 | | | | | |
Other assets (Interest rate swap agreements net of swap credit valuation) | | - | | 1,349 | | -47 | | 1,302 | | | | | |
Other assets (Forward MBS) | | - | | 567 | | - | | 567 | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 1,507 | | $ | 579,777 | | $ | 14,158 | | $ | 595,442 | | | | | |
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Liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other liabilities (Interest rate swap agreements) | | $ | - | | $ | 1,349 | | $ | - | | $ | 1,349 | | | | | |
Other liabilities (Interest rate lock commitments to borrowers) | | - | | 5 | | - | | 5 | | | | | |
Total | | $ | - | | $ | 1,354 | | $ | - | | $ | 1,354 | | | | | |
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The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows: |
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| | Nine months ended September 30, 2013 | | |
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Investment securities available-for- sale | |
| | Collateralized Debt | | Asset-backed | | States and | | Mortgage | | Interest Rate | | |
Obligations | Political | Servicing | Swap | |
| Subdivisons | Rights | Valuation | |
Beginning balance January 1, 2013 | | $ | 9,957 | | $ | - | | $ | 132 | | $ | 4,116 | | $ | -47 | | |
Transfers into Level 3 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | |
Transfers out of Level 3 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | |
Total gains or losses | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included in earnings (or changes in net assets) | | 178 | | 485 | | - | | 81 | | 34 | | |
Included in other comprehensive income | | 1,898 | | -1,487 | | - | | - | | - | | |
Purchases, issuances, sales, and settlements | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchases | | - | | 168,753 | | - | | - | | - | | |
Issuances | | - | | - | | - | | 1,259 | | - | | |
Settlements | | -946 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | |
Sales | | - | | -20,539 | | - | | - | | - | | |
Ending balance June 30, 2013 | | $ | 11,087 | | $ | 147,212 | | $ | 132 | | $ | 5,456 | | $ | -13 | | |
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| | Nine months ended September 30, 2012 | | | | |
| | Investment securities | | | | | | | | |
| | Collateralized Debt | | States and | | Mortgage | | Interest Rate | | | | |
Obligations | Political | Servicing | Swap | |
| Subdivisons | Rights | Valuation | |
Beginning balance January 1, 2012 | | $ | 9,974 | | $ | 138 | | $ | 3,487 | | $ | -80 | | | | | |
Transfers into Level 3 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
Transfers out of Level 3 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
Total gains or losses | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Included in earnings (or changes in net assets) | | 125 | | - | | -1,315 | | 19 | | | | |
Included in other comprehensive income | | -441 | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
Purchases, issuances, sales, and settlements | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Purchases | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
Issuances | | - | | - | | 1,431 | | - | | | | |
Settlements | | -115 | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
Expirations | | - | | - | | - | | - | | | | |
Ending balance September 30, 2012 | | $ | 9,543 | | $ | 138 | | $ | 3,603 | | $ | -61 | | | | | |
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The following table and commentary presents quantitative (dollars in thousands) and qualitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements as of September 30, 2013: |
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Measured at fair value | | Fair Value | | Valuation Methodology | | Unobservable Inputs | | Range of Input | | Weighted | | | | | | | |
on a recurring basis: | Average | | | | | | |
| of Inputs | | | | | | |
Collateralized Debt Obligations | | $ 11,087 | | Discounted Cash Flow | | Discount Rate | | Libor + | | 5.70% | | | | | | | |
5.25-6.25% | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Prepayment % | | 0%-76.0% | | 13.50% | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Default range | | 3.0%-100.0% | | 15.70% | | | | | | | |
Mortgage Servicing rights | | 5,456 | | Discounted Cash Flow | | Discount Rate | | 10.00% | | 10.00% | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Prepayment Speed | | 10.80% | | 10.80% | | | | | | | |
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Interest Rate Swap Valuation | | -13 | | Management estimate | | Probability of Default | | 5%-20% | | 13.40% | | | | | | | |
of credit risk exposure | | | | | | |
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Asset-backed securities | | 147,212 | | Discounted Cash Flow | | Credit Risk Premium | | 1.00%-1.5% | | 1.30% | | | | | | | |
Liquidity Risk Premium | 1.00% | 1.00% | | | | | | |
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The following table and commentary presents quantitative (dollars in thousands) and qualitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements as of December 31, 2012: |
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Measured at fair value | | Fair Value | | Valuation Methodology | | Unobservable | | Range of Input | | Weighted | | | | | | | |
on a recurring basis: | Inputs | Average | | | | | | |
| | of Inputs | | | | | | |
Collateralized Debt Obligations | | $ 9,957 | | Discounted Cash Flow | | Discount Rate | | Libor + 6%-7% | | 6.40% | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Prepayment % | | 0%-76% | | 16.40% | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Default range | | 3.1%-100% | | 19.10% | | | | | | | |
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Mortgage Servicing rights | | 4,116 | | Discounted Cash Flow | | Discount Rate | | 10.50% | | 10.50% | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Prepayment Speed | | 15.80% | | 15.80% | | | | | | | |
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Interest Rate Swap Valuation | | -47 | | Management estimate | | Probability of | | 2%-31% | | 17.90% | | | | | | | |
of credit risk exposure | Default | | | | | | |
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The $132,000 on the state and political subdivisions line at September 30, 2013, under Level 3 represents a security from a small, local municipality. Given the small dollar amount and size of the municipality involved, this is categorized as Level 3 based on the payment stream received by the Company from the municipality. That payment stream is otherwise an unobservable input. The $147.2 million on the asset – backed securities line at September 30, 2013, under Level 3 represents auction rate securities held at that date. These are categorized as Level 3 based on the Company’s approach of valuing the securities based on pricing from a limited number of brokers and that the pricing is otherwise an unobservable input. |
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Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis: |
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The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain other assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These assets consist of impaired loans and OREO. For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2013, and December 31, 2012, respectively, the following tables provide the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each valuation and the carrying value of the related assets: |
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| | September 30, 2013 | | | | | |
| | Level 1 | | Level 2 | | Level 3 | | Total | | | | | |
Impaired loans1 | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 5,653 | | $ | 5,653 | | | | | |
Other real estate owned, net2 | | - | | - | | 49,066 | | 49,066 | | | | | |
Total | | $ | - | | $ | - | | $ | 54,719 | | $ | 54,719 | | | | | |
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1 Represents carrying value and related write-downs of loans for which adjustments are substantially based on the appraised value of collateral for collateral-dependent loans, had a carrying amount of $7.8 million, with a valuation allowance of $2.1 million, resulting in a decrease of specific allocations within the allowance for loan losses of $4.1 million for the nine months ending September 30, 2013. |
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2 OREO is measured at the lower of carrying or fair value less costs to sell, and had a net carrying amount of $49.1 million, which is made up of the outstanding balance of $75.8 million, net of a valuation allowance of $24.6 million and participations of $2.1 million, at September 30, 2013. |
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| | December 31, 2012 |
| | | Level 1 | | | Level 2 | | | Level 3 | | | Total | |
Impaired loans1 | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 21,543 | | | $ | 21,543 | |
Other real estate owned, net2 | | | - | | | - | | | 72,423 | | | 72,423 | |
Total | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | 93,966 | | | $ | 93,966 | |
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1 Represents carrying value and related write-downs of loans for which adjustments are substantially based on the appraised value of collateral for collateral-dependent loans, had a carrying amount of $27.8 million, with a valuation allowance of $6.3 million, resulting in a decrease of specific allocations within the provision for loan losses of $6.8 million for the year ending December 31, 2012. |
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2 OREO is measured at the lower of carrying or fair value less costs to sell, and had a net carrying amount of $72.4 million, which is made up of the outstanding balance of $109.7 million, net of a valuation allowance of $31.4 million and participations of $5.9 million, at December 31, 2012, resulting in a charge to expense of $16.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. |
that a market participant would demand because of uncertainty in cash flows in the discounted cash flow analysis. Changes in unobservable inputs such as future cash flows, prepayment speeds and market rates which may result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement. Due to the significant amount of unobservable inputs for the security and limited market activity, these securities are considered Level 3 valuations. |