Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses | (4) Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses The following tables present the recorded investment in loans by loan class: December 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) New York and other states* Florida Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 149,368 12,524 161,892 Other 23,606 709 24,315 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 2,286,148 765,929 3,052,077 Home equity loans 66,455 13,989 80,444 Home equity lines of credit 263,275 45,641 308,916 Installment 7,141 1,622 8,763 Total loans, net $ 2,795,993 840,414 3,636,407 Less: Allowance for loan losses 44,170 Net loans $ 3,592,237 December 31, 2016 (dollars in thousands) New York and other states* Florida Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 151,366 12,243 163,609 Other 27,539 46 27,585 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 2,158,904 665,183 2,824,087 Home equity loans 60,892 10,754 71,646 Home equity lines of credit 286,586 48,255 334,841 Installment 7,048 1,770 8,818 Total loans, net $ 2,692,335 738,251 3,430,586 Less: Allowance for loan losses 43,890 Net loans $ 3,386,696 * Includes New York, New Jersey, Vermont, and Massachusetts. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had approximately $30.9 million and $24.8 million of real estate construction loans, respectively. Of the $30.9 million in real estate construction loans at December 31, 2017, approximately $21.1 million were secured by first mortgages to residential borrowers with the remaining $9.8 million were to commercial borrowers for residential construction projects. Of the $24.8 million in real estate construction loans at December 31, 2016, approximately $16.3 million are secured by first mortgages to residential borrowers while approximately $8.5 million were to commercial borrowers for residential construction projects. The vast majority of construction loans are in the Company’s New York market. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, loans to executive officers, directors, and to associates of such persons aggregated $6.9 million and $7.6 million, respectively. During 2017, approximately $3.6 million of new loans were made and repayments of loans totaled approximately $4.3 million. The composition of related parties changed during the year resulting in a reduction of approximately $100 thousand to outstanding loans to related parties at December 31, 2017. All loans are current according to their terms. TrustCo lends in the geographic territory of its branch locations in New York, Florida, Massachusetts, New Jersey and Vermont. Although the loan portfolio is diversified, a portion of its debtors’ ability to repay depends significantly on the economic conditions prevailing in the respective geographic territory. The following tables present the recorded investment in non-accrual loans by loan class: December 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) New York and other states Florida Total Loans in non-accrual status: Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 1,443 - 1,443 Other 100 - 100 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 16,654 2,259 18,913 Home equity loans 93 - 93 Home equity lines of credit 3,603 130 3,733 Installment 57 - 57 Total non-accrual loans 21,950 2,389 24,339 Restructured real estate mortgages - 1 to 4 family 38 - 38 Total nonperforming loans $ 21,988 2,389 24,377 December 31, 2016 (dollars in thousands) New York and other states Florida Total Loans in non-accrual status: Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 1,843 - 1,843 Other - - - Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 17,727 1,659 19,386 Home equity loans 95 - 95 Home equity lines of credit 3,376 270 3,646 Installment 48 - 48 Total non-accrual loans 23,089 1,929 25,018 Restructured real estate mortgages - 1 to 4 family 42 - 42 Total nonperforming loans $ 23,131 1,929 25,060 The Company transfers loans to other real estate owned, at fair value less cost to sell, in the period the Company obtains physical possession of the property (through legal title or through a deed in lieu). As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, other real estate owned included $2.7 million and $3.5 million, respectively, of residential foreclosed properties. In addition, non-accrual residential mortgage loans that are in the process of foreclosure had a recorded investment of $12.6 million and $12.5 million as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The following tables present the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by loan class and by region as of December 31, 2017 and 2016: New York and other states: December 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90+ Days Past Due Total 30+ days Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 183 174 1,332 1,689 147,679 149,368 Other - - 100 100 23,506 23,606 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 5,669 1,300 9,014 15,983 2,270,165 2,286,148 Home equity loans 6 - 45 51 66,404 66,455 Home equity lines of credit 489 18 2,139 2,646 260,629 263,275 Installment 46 17 25 88 7,053 7,141 Total $ 6,393 1,509 12,655 20,557 2,775,436 2,795,993 Florida: (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90+ Days Past Due Total 30+ days Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $ - - - - 12,524 12,524 Other - - - - 709 709 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 277 - 1,404 1,681 764,248 765,929 Home equity loans - - - - 13,989 13,989 Home equity lines of credit - - - - 45,641 45,641 Installment 3 5 26 34 1,588 1,622 Total $ 280 5 1,430 1,715 838,699 840,414 Total: (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 + Days Past Due Total 30+ days Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 183 174 1,332 1,689 160,203 161,892 Other - - 100 100 24,215 24,315 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 5,946 1,300 10,418 17,664 3,034,413 3,052,077 Home equity loans 6 - 45 51 80,393 80,444 Home equity lines of credit 489 18 2,139 2,646 306,270 308,916 Installment 49 22 51 122 8,641 8,763 Total $ 6,673 1,514 14,085 22,272 3,614,135 3,636,407 New York and other states: December 31, 2016 (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 + Days Past Due Total 30+ days Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 50 43 1,706 1,799 149,567 151,366 Other - - - - 27,539 27,539 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 6,379 2,924 9,643 18,946 2,139,958 2,158,904 Home equity loans 50 3 74 127 60,765 60,892 Home equity lines of credit 685 111 1,839 2,635 283,951 286,586 Installment 34 32 15 81 6,967 7,048 Total $ 7,198 3,113 13,277 23,588 2,668,747 2,692,335 Florida: (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 + Days Past Due Total 30+ days Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $ - - - - 12,243 12,243 Other - - - - 46 46 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 1,942 69 1,255 3,266 661,917 665,183 Home equity loans 19 - - 19 10,735 10,754 Home equity lines of credit - - 156 156 48,099 48,255 Installment 30 6 - 36 1,734 1,770 Total $ 1,991 75 1,411 3,477 734,774 738,251 Total: (dollars in thousands) 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due 90 + Days Past Due Total 30+ days Past Due Current Total Loans Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 50 43 1,706 1,799 161,810 163,609 Other - - - - 27,585 27,585 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 8,321 2,993 10,898 22,212 2,801,875 2,824,087 Home equity loans 69 3 74 146 71,500 71,646 Home equity lines of credit 685 111 1,995 2,791 332,050 334,841 Installment 64 38 15 117 8,701 8,818 Total $ 9,189 3,188 14,688 27,065 3,403,521 3,430,586 At December 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no loans that are 90 days past due and still accruing interest. As a result, non-accrual loans includes all loans 90 days past due and greater as well as certain loans less than 90 days past due that were placed in non-accruing status for reasons other than delinquent status. There are no commitments to extend further credit on nonaccrual or restructured loans. Activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment is summarized as follows: (dollars in thousands) For the year ended December 31, 2017 Commercial Real Estate Mortgage- 1 to 4 Family Installment Total Balance at beginning of period $ 4,929 38,231 730 43,890 Loans charged off: New York and other states* 72 2,053 200 2,325 Florida - 167 19 186 Total loan chargeoffs 72 2,220 219 2,511 Recoveries of loans previously charged off: New York and other states* 96 596 26 718 Florida - 73 - 73 Total recoveries 96 669 26 791 Net loans charged off (24 ) 1,551 193 1,720 Provision for loan losses (629 ) 2,397 232 2,000 Balance at end of period $ 4,324 39,077 769 44,170 (dollars in thousands) For the year ended December 31, 2016 Commercial Real Estate Mortgage- 1 to 4 Family Installment Total Balance at beginning of period $ 4,491 39,753 518 44,762 Loans charged off: New York and other states* 795 3,447 303 4,545 Florida - 126 39 165 Total loan chargeoffs 795 3,573 342 4,710 Recoveries of loans previously charged off: New York and other states* 207 613 64 884 Florida - 4 - 4 Total recoveries 207 617 64 888 Net loans charged off 588 2,956 278 3,822 Provision for loan losses 1,026 1,434 490 2,950 Balance at end of period $ 4,929 38,231 730 43,890 (dollars in thousands) For the year ended December 31, 2015 Commercial Real Estate Mortgage- 1 to 4 Family Installment Total Balance at beginning of period $ 4,071 42,088 168 46,327 Loans charged off: New York and other states* 779 4,631 168 5,578 Florida - 320 17 337 Total loan chargeoffs 779 4,951 185 5,915 Recoveries of loans previously charged off: New York and other states* 20 572 46 638 Florida 7 5 - 12 Total recoveries 27 577 46 650 Net loans charged off 752 4,374 139 5,265 Provision for loan losses 1,172 2,039 489 3,700 Balance at end of period $ 4,491 39,753 518 44,762 The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment method as of December 31, 2017 and 2016: December 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) Commercial Loans 1-to-4 Family Residential Real Estate Installment Loans Total Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ - - - - Collectively evaluated for impairment 4,324 39,077 769 44,170 Total ending allowance balance $ 4,324 39,077 769 44,170 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,248 22,032 - 24,280 Collectively evaluated for impairment 183,959 3,419,405 8,763 3,612,127 Total ending loans balance $ 186,207 3,441,437 8,763 3,636,407 December 31, 2016 (dollars in thousands) Commercial Loans 1-to-4 Family Residential Real Estate Installment Loans Total Allowance for loan losses: Ending allowance balance attributable to loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ - - - - Collectively evaluated for impairment 4,929 38,231 730 43,890 Total ending allowance balance $ 4,929 38,231 730 43,890 Loans: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 2,418 21,607 - 24,025 Collectively evaluated for impairment 188,776 3,208,967 8,818 3,406,561 Total ending loans balance $ 191,194 3,230,574 8,818 3,430,586 The Company has identified nonaccrual commercial and commercial real estate loans, as well as all loans restructured under a troubled debt restructuring (TDR), as impaired loans. A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the borrower will be unable to repay the loan according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement or the loan is restructured in a TDR. A loan for which the terms have been modified, and for which the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, is considered a TDR and is classified as impaired. TDR’s at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are measured at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s effective rate at inception or the fair value of the underlying collateral if the loan is considered collateral dependent. The following tables present impaired loans by loan class as of December 31, 2017 and 2016: New York and other states: December 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance YTD Avg Recorded Investment Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 2,148 3,120 - 2,711 Other 100 100 - 87 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 15,850 16,540 - 16,508 Home equity loans 270 291 - 263 Home equity lines of credit 2,606 2,847 - 2,193 Total $ 20,974 22,898 - 21,762 Florida: (dollars in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance YTD Avg Recorded Investment Commercial: Commercial real estate $ - - - - Other - - - - Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 2,707 2,813 - 2,335 Home equity loans 89 89 - 92 Home equity lines of credit 510 510 - 561 Total $ 3,306 3,412 - 2,988 Total: (dollars in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance YTD Avg Recorded Investment Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 2,148 3,120 - 2,711 Other 100 100 - 87 Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 18,557 19,353 - 18,843 Home equity loans 359 380 - 355 Home equity lines of credit 3,116 3,357 - 2,754 Total $ 24,280 26,310 - 24,750 New York and other states: December 31, 2016 (dollars in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance YTD Avg Recorded Investment Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 2,418 3,470 - 2,214 Other - - - - Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 16,675 17,439 - 15,665 Home equity loans 269 305 - 251 Home equity lines of credit 1,999 2,160 - 1,806 Total $ 21,361 23,374 - 19,936 Florida: (dollars in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance YTD Avg Recorded Investment Commercial: Commercial real estate $ - - - - Other - - - - Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 2,009 2,100 - 1,800 Home equity loans 94 94 - 81 Home equity lines of credit 561 633 - 591 Total $ 2,664 2,827 - 2,472 Total: (dollars in thousands) Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance YTD Avg Recorded Investment Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 2,418 3,470 - 2,214 Other - - - - Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 18,684 19,539 - 17,465 Home equity loans 363 399 - 332 Home equity lines of credit 2,560 2,793 - 2,397 Total $ 24,025 26,201 - 22,408 The Company has not committed to lend additional amounts to customers with outstanding loans that are classified as impaired. Interest income recognized on impaired loans was not material in 2017, 2016, and 2015. Included in impaired loans as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 are approximately $11.8 million and $11.5 million, respectively, of loans in accruing status that were identified as TDR’s. Management evaluates impairment on impaired loans on a quarterly basis. If, during this evaluation, impairment of the loan is identified, a charge-off is taken at that time if necessary. As a result, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, based upon management’s evaluation and due to the sufficiency of charge-offs taken, none of the allowance for loan losses has been allocated to a specific impaired loan(s). The following table presents modified loans by class that were determined to be TDR’s that occurred during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015: The following table presents modified loans by class that were determined to be TDR's that occurred: Year ended 12/31/2017 Year ended 12/31/2016 Year ended 12/31/2015 New York and other states*: Pre- Modification Post- Modification Pre- Modification Post-Modification Pre- Modification Post- Modification (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Outstanding Recorded Investment Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Outstanding Recorded Investment Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Outstanding Recorded Investment Outstanding Recorded Investment Commercial: Commercial real estate 4 $ 426 426 2 $ 401 401 - $ - - Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 44 5,653 5,653 30 2,871 2,871 35 4,797 4,797 Home equity loans 3 56 56 1 44 44 1 137 137 Home equity lines of credit 18 868 868 10 402 402 7 506 506 Total 69 $ 7,003 7,003 43 $ 3,718 3,718 43 $ 5,440 5,440 Florida: Pre- Modification Post-Modification Pre- Modification Post- Modification Pre- Modification Post- Modification (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Outstanding Recorded Investment Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Outstanding Recorded Investment Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Outstanding Recorded Investment Outstanding Recorded Investment Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 10 1,076 1,076 4 504 504 6 780 780 Home equity loans - - - 1 45 45 - - - Home equity lines of credit 2 95 95 1 6 6 4 107 107 Total 12 $ 1,171 1,171 6 $ 555 555 10 $ 887 887 The addition of these TDR’s did not have a significant impact on the allowance for loan losses. The following table presents loans by class modified as TDR’s that occurred during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 for which there was a payment default within 12 months of modification: Year ended 12/31/2017 Year ended 12/31/2016 Year ended 12/31/2015 New York and other states*: Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Recorded Investment (dollars in thousands) Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages 1 72 3 291 2 148 Home equity lines of credit 1 3 1 141 2 24 Total 2 $ 75 4 $ 432 4 $ 172 Florida: Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Recorded Investment (dollars in thousands) Real estate mortgage - 1 to 4 family: First mortgages - $ - - $ - - $ - Home equity lines of credit - - - - - - Total - $ - - $ - - $ - In situations where the Bank considers a loan modification, management determines whether the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty by performing an evaluation of the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under the Company’s underwriting policy. Generally, the modification of the terms of loans was the result of the borrower filing for bankruptcy protection. Chapter 13 bankruptcies generally include the deferral of all past due amounts for a period of generally 60 months in accordance with the bankruptcy court order. In the case of Chapter 7 bankruptcies, even though there is no modification of terms, the borrowers’ debt to the Company was discharged and they may not reaffirm the debt. A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 90 days contractually past due under the modified terms. In situations involving a borrower filing for Chapter 13 bankruptcy protection, however, a loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 30 days contractually past due, consistent with the treatment by the bankruptcy court. The TDR’s that subsequently defaulted described above did not have a material impact on the allowance for loan losses as the underlying collateral was evaluated at the time these loans were identified as TDR’s, and a charge-off was taken at that time, if necessary. Collateral values on these loans are reviewed for collateral sufficiency on a quarterly basis. The Company categorizes non-homogenous loans such as commercial and commercial real estate loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. On at least an annual basis, in accordance with the Company’s Loan Policy, the Company analyzes non-homogeneous loans, individually by grading the loans based on credit risk. The loan grades assigned to all loan types are tested by the Company’s loan review department in accordance with the Company’s loan review policy. The Company uses the following definitions for classified loans: Special Mention Substandard Doubtful: Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above-described process are considered to be pass rated loans. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows: December 31, 2017 New York and other states: (dollars in thousands) Pass Classified Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 140,806 8,562 149,368 Other 21,936 1,670 23,606 $ 162,742 10,232 172,974 Florida: (dollars in thousands) Pass Classified Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 12,406 118 12,524 Other 709 - 709 $ 13,115 118 13,233 Total: (dollars in thousands) Pass Classified Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 153,212 8,680 161,892 Other 22,645 1,670 24,315 $ 175,857 10,350 186,207 December 31, 2016 New York and other states: (dollars in thousands) Pass Classified Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 136,676 14,690 151,366 Other 25,442 2,097 27,539 $ 162,118 16,787 178,905 Florida: (dollars in thousands) Pass Classified Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 12,243 - 12,243 Other 46 - 46 $ 12,289 - 12,289 Total: (dollars in thousands) Pass Classified Total Commercial: Commercial real estate $ 148,919 14,690 163,609 Other 25,488 2,097 27,585 $ 174,407 16,787 191,194 Included in classified loans in the above tables are impaired loans of $1.5 million and $1.8 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. For homogeneous loan pools, such as residential mortgages, home equity lines of credit, and installment loans, the Company uses payment status to identify the credit risk in these loan portfolios. Payment status is reviewed on a daily basis by the Bank’s collection area and on a monthly basis with respect to determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. The payment status of these homogeneous pools at December 31, 2017 and 2016 is included in the aging of the recorded investment of past due loans table. In addition, the total nonperforming portion of these homogeneous loan pools at December 31, 2017 and 2016 is presented in the recorded investment in non-accrual loans table. |