Allowance for Credit Losses | 4. Allowance for Credit Losses The Company maintains the allowance for credit losses for loans and leases (the “ACL”) that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans and leases to present the net carrying value of loans and leases expected to be collected. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on relevant information about past events, including historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectibility of the reported amount of loans and leases. The Company also maintains an estimated reserve for unfunded commitments on the unaudited interim consolidated balance sheets. The reserve for unfunded commitments is reduced in the period in which the off-balance sheet financial instruments expire, loan funding occurs, or is otherwise settled. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, on March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law. The CARES Act creates a forbearance program for federally backed mortgage loans, protects borrowers from negative credit reporting due to loan accommodations related to the National Emergency, and provides financial institutions the option to temporarily suspend certain requirements under GAAP related to troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) for a limited period of time to account for the effects of COVID-19. Financial institutions accounting for eligible loans under the CARES Act are not required to report such loans as TDRs in accordance with GAAP. In addition, Interagency Statements were issued on March 22, 2020 and April 7, 2020 to encourage financial institutions to work prudently with borrowers and to describe the agencies’ interpretation of how current accounting rules under GAAP apply to certain COVID-19 related modifications. The agencies confirmed with the FASB that short-term modifications (e.g., six months or less) for payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or delays in payment that are insignificant and made on a good faith basis in response to borrowers impacted by COVID-19 who were current prior to any relief are not TDRs under GAAP. The agencies also confirmed that these short-term modifications should not be reported as being on nonaccrual status and should not be considered past due during the period of the deferral. The Company has adopted the provisions of both the CARES Act and Interagency Statements. The Company is first applying the CARES Act guidance in determining if certain loan modifications are not required to be reported as TDRs. If the loan modification does not qualify under the CARES Act, then the Interagency Statement guidance is applied. On December 27, 2020, the Consolidated Appropriations Act – 2021 (the “CAA”) was signed into law, which extends the temporary relief from TDR reporting through the earlier of (1) January 1, 2022, or (2) 60 days after the date on which the national emergency concerning COVID-19 terminates. The interim consolidated financial information below reflects the application of this guidance. Rollforward of the Allowance for Credit Losses The following presents the activity in the ACL by class of loans and leases for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020: Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 27,322 $ 51,691 $ 10,552 $ 3,197 $ 38,471 $ 6,668 $ 62,465 $ 200,366 Charge-offs (330) — — — — — (3,917) (4,247) Recoveries 287 12 — — 14 38 2,797 3,148 Decrease in Provision (4,216) (4,670) (400) (130) (4,277) (456) (15,970) (30,119) Balance at end of period $ 23,063 $ 47,033 $ 10,152 $ 3,067 $ 34,208 $ 6,250 $ 45,375 $ 169,148 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 24,711 $ 58,123 $ 10,039 $ 3,298 $ 40,461 $ 7,163 $ 64,659 $ 208,454 Charge-offs (1,293) (66) — — (98) — (10,458) (11,915) Recoveries 502 15 166 — 31 62 5,452 6,228 Decrease in Provision (857) (11,039) (53) (231) (6,186) (975) (14,278) (33,619) Balance at end of period $ 23,063 $ 47,033 $ 10,152 $ 3,067 $ 34,208 $ 6,250 $ 45,375 $ 169,148 Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 20,884 $ 42,838 $ 8,824 $ 851 $ 30,021 $ 6,556 $ 56,039 $ 166,013 Charge-offs (13,974) (2,723) (379) — (14) — (8,907) (25,997) Recoveries 100 — 30 — 17 8 2,456 2,611 Increase (decrease) in Provision 14,289 13,007 (3,199) 2,986 3,850 1,071 17,489 49,493 Balance at end of period $ 21,299 $ 53,122 $ 5,276 $ 3,837 $ 33,874 $ 7,635 $ 67,077 $ 192,120 Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for credit losses: Balance at beginning of period $ 28,975 $ 22,325 $ 4,844 $ 424 $ 29,303 $ 9,876 $ 34,644 $ 139 $ 130,530 Adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 (16,105) 10,559 (1,803) 207 (2,793) (4,731) 15,575 (139) 770 Charge-offs (14,175) (2,723) (379) — (14) (8) (17,504) — (34,803) Recoveries 320 — 140 — 152 130 4,539 — 5,281 Increase in Provision 22,284 22,961 2,474 3,206 7,226 2,368 29,823 — 90,342 Balance at end of period $ 21,299 $ 53,122 $ 5,276 $ 3,837 $ 33,874 $ 7,635 $ 67,077 $ — $ 192,120 Rollforward of the Reserve for Unfunded Commitments The following presents the activity in the Reserve for Unfunded Commitments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020: Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Total Reserve for unfunded commitments: Balance at beginning of period $ 16,129 $ 1,112 $ 8,313 $ — $ — $ 8,500 $ 49 $ 34,103 Decrease in Provision (3,321) (134) (440) — — (979) (7) (4,881) Balance at end of period $ 12,808 $ 978 $ 7,873 $ — $ — $ 7,521 $ 42 $ 29,222 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Total Reserve for unfunded commitments: Balance at beginning of period $ 11,719 $ 1,328 $ 9,037 $ — $ 2 $ 8,452 $ 65 $ 30,603 Increase (decrease) in Provision 1,089 (350) (1,164) — (2) (931) (23) (1,381) Balance at end of period $ 12,808 $ 978 $ 7,873 $ — $ — $ 7,521 $ 42 $ 29,222 Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Total Reserve for unfunded commitments: Balance at beginning of period $ 4,791 $ 696 $ 4,813 $ — $ 1 $ 6,927 $ 23 $ 17,251 Increase in Provision 3,390 472 1,095 — 2 963 31 5,953 Balance at end of period $ 8,181 $ 1,168 $ 5,908 $ — $ 3 $ 7,890 $ 54 $ 23,204 Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 Commercial Lending Residential Lending Commercial Commercial Home and Real Lease Residential Equity (dollars in thousands) Industrial Estate Construction Financing Mortgage Line Consumer Total Reserve for unfunded commitments: Balance at beginning of period $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 600 $ 600 Adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 5,390 778 4,119 — 7 6,587 (581) 16,300 Increase (decrease) in Provision 2,791 390 1,789 — (4) 1,303 35 6,304 Balance at end of period $ 8,181 $ 1,168 $ 5,908 $ — $ 3 $ 7,890 $ 54 $ 23,204 Credit Quality Information The Company performs an internal loan review and grading or scoring procedures on an ongoing basis. The review provides management with periodic information as to the quality of the loan portfolio and effectiveness of the Company’s lending policies and procedures. The objective of the loan review and grading or scoring procedures is to identify, in a timely manner, existing or emerging credit quality issues so that appropriate steps can be initiated to avoid or minimize future losses. Loans and leases subject to grading primarily include: commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans, construction loans and lease financing. Other loans subject to grading include installment loans to businesses or individuals for business and commercial purposes, overdraft lines of credit, commercial credit cards, and other credits as may be determined. Credit quality indicators for internally graded loans and leases are generally updated on an annual basis or on a quarterly basis for those loans and leases deemed to be of potentially higher risk. An internal credit risk rating system is used to determine loan grade and is based on borrower credit risk and transactional risk. The loan grading process is a mechanism used to determine the risk of a particular borrower and is based on the following factors of a borrower: character, earnings and operating cash flow, asset and liability structure, debt capacity, management and controls, borrowing entity, and industry and operating environment. Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Loss Loans that are primarily monitored for credit quality using FICO scores include: residential mortgage loans, home equity lines and consumer loans. FICO scores are calculated primarily based on a consideration of payment history, the current amount of debt, the length of credit history available, a recent history of new sources of credit and the mix of credit type. FICO scores are updated on a monthly, quarterly or bi-annual basis, depending on the product type. The amortized cost basis by year of origination and credit quality indicator of the Company’s loans and leases as of June 30, 2021 was as follows: Revolving Loans Converted Term Loans Revolving to Term Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Amortized (dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis Cost Basis Total Commercial Lending Commercial and Industrial Risk rating: Pass $ 606,765 $ 422,457 $ 242,554 $ 136,069 $ 48,828 $ 207,502 $ 674,340 $ 23,935 $ 2,362,450 Special Mention 122 8,994 33,617 12,735 1,425 4,647 14,338 376 76,254 Substandard — 7,149 2,400 16,246 137 8,731 6,397 1,344 42,404 Other (1) 9,812 8,774 10,337 6,632 3,531 965 43,388 — 83,439 Total Commercial and Industrial 616,699 447,374 288,908 171,682 53,921 221,845 738,463 25,655 2,564,547 Commercial Real Estate Risk rating: Pass 288,366 342,013 571,608 557,533 449,551 1,055,803 63,775 2 3,328,651 Special Mention — 1,482 52,852 16,081 33,022 55,933 7,604 — 166,974 Substandard — 411 — 7,016 2,069 21,962 502 — 31,960 Other (1) — — — — — 483 — — 483 Total Commercial Real Estate 288,366 343,906 624,460 580,630 484,642 1,134,181 71,881 2 3,528,068 Construction Risk rating: Pass 49,592 97,149 296,405 173,352 62,983 70,998 55,892 — 806,371 Special Mention — — 494 705 — 361 — — 1,560 Substandard — — — 373 — 1,378 — — 1,751 Other (1) 11,829 15,036 5,247 5,381 2,953 2,930 807 — 44,183 Total Construction 61,421 112,185 302,146 179,811 65,936 75,667 56,699 — 853,865 Lease Financing Risk rating: Pass 21,690 69,598 55,494 11,376 16,623 60,091 — — 234,872 Special Mention 545 308 465 246 81 232 — — 1,877 Substandard — 2,720 1,668 260 1,072 502 — — 6,222 Total Lease Financing 22,235 72,626 57,627 11,882 17,776 60,825 — — 242,971 Total Commercial Lending $ 988,721 $ 976,091 $ 1,273,141 $ 944,005 $ 622,275 $ 1,492,518 $ 867,043 $ 25,657 $ 7,189,451 (continued) Revolving Loans Converted Term Loans Revolving to Term Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans (continued) Amortized Amortized (dollars in thousands) 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Cost Basis Cost Basis Total Residential Lending Residential Mortgage FICO: 740 and greater $ 570,542 $ 675,163 $ 329,047 $ 224,827 $ 293,853 $ 958,515 $ — $ — $ 3,051,947 680 - 739 68,225 86,857 50,699 43,075 42,753 144,223 — — 435,832 620 - 679 11,867 12,564 9,988 6,352 9,310 41,478 — — 91,559 550 - 619 — 1,018 171 1,322 1,752 11,788 — — 16,051 Less than 550 — 1,274 — 346 2,545 2,807 — — 6,972 No Score (3) 10,207 8,602 15,988 21,087 18,814 51,217 — — 125,915 Other (2) 10,440 17,605 12,917 11,910 19,349 20,130 625 155 93,131 Total Residential Mortgage 671,281 803,083 418,810 308,919 388,376 1,230,158 625 155 3,821,407 Home Equity Line FICO: 740 and greater — — — — — — 610,924 1,757 612,681 680 - 739 — — — — — — 147,286 3,619 150,905 620 - 679 — — — — — — 39,660 2,036 41,696 550 - 619 — — — — — — 12,966 1,256 14,222 Less than 550 — — — — — — 2,025 47 2,072 No Score (3) — — — — — — 3,792 — 3,792 Total Home Equity Line — — — — — — 816,653 8,715 825,368 Total Residential Lending 671,281 803,083 418,810 308,919 388,376 1,230,158 817,278 8,870 4,646,775 Consumer Lending FICO: 740 and greater 82,086 97,867 100,874 77,671 38,340 16,537 112,925 284 526,584 680 - 739 50,771 70,303 73,024 48,071 26,097 12,183 70,627 747 351,823 620 - 679 21,372 31,170 37,145 25,852 17,799 9,120 31,515 1,258 175,231 550 - 619 2,887 9,729 17,206 14,016 11,217 6,263 10,652 1,234 73,204 Less than 550 322 3,826 6,934 5,439 3,757 2,295 3,184 748 26,505 No Score (3) 834 63 85 51 87 4 33,144 420 34,688 Other (2) 394 370 1,759 52 2,183 49 74,717 — 79,524 Total Consumer Lending 158,666 213,328 237,027 171,152 99,480 46,451 336,764 4,691 1,267,559 Total Loans and Leases $ 1,818,668 $ 1,992,502 $ 1,928,978 $ 1,424,076 $ 1,110,131 $ 2,769,127 $ 2,021,085 $ 39,218 $ 13,103,785 (1) Other credit quality indicators used for monitoring purposes are primarily FICO scores. The majority of the loans in this population were originated to borrowers with a prime FICO score. (2) Other credit quality indicators used for monitoring purposes are primarily internal risk ratings. The majority of the loans in this population were graded with a “Pass” rating. (3) No FICO scores are primarily related to loans and leases extended to non-residents. Loans and leases of this nature are primarily secured by collateral and/or are closely monitored for performance. The amortized cost basis by year of origination and credit quality indicator of the Company’s loans and leases as of December 31, 2020 was as follows: Revolving Loans Converted Term Loans Revolving to Term Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans Amortized Amortized (dollars in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Cost Basis Cost Basis Total Commercial Lending Commercial and Industrial Risk rating: Pass $ 873,639 $ 324,030 $ 183,329 $ 73,000 $ 49,886 $ 94,360 $ 1,058,786 $ 28,853 $ 2,685,883 Special Mention 20,937 10,370 20,164 2,099 279 8,316 101,183 1,549 164,897 Substandard 23,804 2,023 2,568 677 4,063 8,113 33,775 250 75,273 Other (1) 13,142 13,426 9,246 5,337 1,867 280 50,156 — 93,454 Total Commercial and Industrial 931,522 349,849 215,307 81,113 56,095 111,069 1,243,900 30,652 3,019,507 Commercial Real Estate Risk rating: Pass 342,845 611,243 541,104 447,366 295,426 814,398 47,604 323 3,100,309 Special Mention 1,500 63,617 26,187 33,482 37,841 61,279 2,999 — 226,905 Substandard 29 3,964 18,983 3,779 10,615 18,083 9,511 — 64,964 Other (1) — — — — — 498 — — 498 Total Commercial Real Estate 344,374 678,824 586,274 484,627 343,882 894,258 60,114 323 3,392,676 Construction Risk rating: Pass 53,931 233,730 202,808 83,792 23,171 41,536 28,386 — 667,354 Special Mention — 508 707 4,717 — 9,172 — — 15,104 Substandard — — 541 1,840 521 989 — — 3,891 Other (1) 16,578 16,393 7,775 3,685 1,800 2,656 583 — 49,470 Total Construction 70,509 250,631 211,831 94,034 25,492 54,353 28,969 — 735,819 Lease Financing Risk rating: Pass 79,064 60,717 13,669 17,207 3,010 61,266 — — 234,933 Special Mention 950 892 311 1,300 351 295 — — 4,099 Substandard 2,708 1,677 327 1,141 — 526 — — 6,379 Total Lease Financing 82,722 63,286 14,307 19,648 3,361 62,087 — — 245,411 Total Commercial Lending $ 1,429,127 $ 1,342,590 $ 1,027,719 $ 679,422 $ 428,830 $ 1,121,767 $ 1,332,983 $ 30,975 $ 7,393,413 (continued) Revolving Loans Converted Term Loans Revolving to Term Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Loans Loans (continued) Amortized Amortized (dollars in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Cost Basis Cost Basis Total Residential Lending Residential Mortgage FICO: 740 and greater $ 728,807 $ 384,248 $ 290,484 $ 361,297 $ 314,971 $ 830,795 $ — $ — $ 2,910,602 680 - 739 85,151 53,090 44,616 50,703 39,230 144,537 — — 417,327 620 - 679 15,767 7,604 11,460 9,628 7,982 43,393 — — 95,834 550 - 619 — 1,971 2,818 2,920 4,474 10,144 — — 22,327 Less than 550 — 861 593 2,916 594 2,138 — — 7,102 No Score (3) 13,823 18,861 21,214 21,821 14,355 45,147 — — 135,221 Other (2) 21,011 15,860 18,540 22,677 9,550 13,426 578 163 101,805 Total Residential Mortgage 864,559 482,495 389,725 471,962 391,156 1,089,580 578 163 3,690,218 Home Equity Line FICO: 740 and greater — — — — — — 608,282 2,163 610,445 680 - 739 — — — — — — 159,886 3,155 163,041 620 - 679 — — — — — — 44,005 1,571 45,576 550 - 619 — — — — — — 11,644 884 12,528 Less than 550 — — — — — — 5,159 330 5,489 No Score (3) — — — — — — 4,545 — 4,545 Total Home Equity Line — — — — — — 833,521 8,103 841,624 Total Residential Lending 864,559 482,495 389,725 471,962 391,156 1,089,580 834,099 8,266 4,531,842 Consumer Lending FICO: 740 and greater 113,373 122,965 99,678 54,691 24,029 6,034 114,748 275 535,793 680 - 739 83,316 90,853 66,143 36,426 16,358 4,985 76,391 773 375,245 620 - 679 40,469 48,904 33,917 24,705 11,144 3,788 36,622 1,221 200,770 550 - 619 9,125 20,274 17,693 15,126 7,825 2,883 12,980 1,458 87,364 Less than 550 3,017 10,139 9,189 6,517 3,123 1,118 5,261 799 39,163 No Score (3) 339 103 64 109 10 — 33,854 356 34,835 Other (2) 380 1,890 73 2,214 45 6,768 69,302 — 80,672 Total Consumer Lending 250,019 295,128 226,757 139,788 62,534 25,576 349,158 4,882 1,353,842 Total Loans and Leases $ 2,543,705 $ 2,120,213 $ 1,644,201 $ 1,291,172 $ 882,520 $ 2,236,923 $ 2,516,240 $ 44,123 $ 13,279,097 (1) Other credit quality indicators used for monitoring purposes are primarily FICO scores. The majority of the loans in this population were originated to borrowers with a prime FICO score. (2) Other credit quality indicators used for monitoring purposes are primarily internal risk ratings. The majority of the loans in this population were graded with a “Pass” rating. (3) No FICO scores are primarily related to loans and leases extended to non-residents. Loans and leases of this nature are primarily secured by collateral and/or are closely monitored for performance. There were no loans and leases graded as Loss as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The amortized cost basis of revolving loans that were converted to term loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020 was as follows: Three Months Ended (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2021 Commercial and industrial $ 30 Home equity line 538 Consumer 443 Total Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans During the Period $ 1,011 Six Months Ended (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2021 Commercial and industrial $ 259 Home equity line 1,617 Consumer 936 Total Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans During the Period $ 2,812 Three Months Ended (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2020 Commercial and industrial $ 294 Home equity line 3,928 Total Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans During the Period $ 4,222 Six Months Ended (dollars in thousands) June 30, 2020 Commercial and industrial $ 28,522 Residential mortgage 296 Home equity line 3,928 Total Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans During the Period $ 32,746 Past-Due Status The Company continually updates its aging analysis for loans and leases to monitor the migration of loans and leases into past due categories. The Company considers loans and leases that are delinquent for 30 days or more to be past due. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the aging analysis of the amortized cost basis of the Company’s past due loans and leases was as follows: June 30, 2021 Past Due Loans and Greater Leases Past Than or Due 90 Days 30-59 60-89 Equal to or More and Days Days 90 Days Total Total Loans Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current and Leases Interest Commercial and industrial $ 6,835 $ 380 $ 1,140 $ 8,355 $ 2,556,192 $ 2,564,547 $ 494 Commercial real estate 623 — 937 1,560 3,526,508 3,528,068 — Construction — 202 60 262 853,603 853,865 60 Lease financing — — — — 242,971 242,971 — Residential mortgage 3,533 1,290 4,113 8,936 3,812,471 3,821,407 — Home equity line 1,310 435 4,680 6,425 818,943 825,368 4,680 Consumer 12,492 2,210 1,134 15,836 1,251,723 1,267,559 1,134 Total $ 24,793 $ 4,517 $ 12,064 $ 41,374 $ 13,062,411 $ 13,103,785 $ 6,368 December 31, 2020 Past Due Loans and Greater Leases Past Than or Due 90 Days 30-59 60-89 Equal to or More and Days Days 90 Days Total Total Loans Still Accruing (dollars in thousands) Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due Current and Leases Interest Commercial and industrial $ 2,585 $ 604 $ 2,626 $ 5,815 $ 3,013,692 $ 3,019,507 $ 2,108 Commercial real estate 75 2,568 963 3,606 3,389,070 3,392,676 882 Construction 779 376 2,137 3,292 732,527 735,819 93 Lease financing — — — — 245,411 245,411 — Residential mortgage 3,382 4,125 3,372 10,879 3,679,339 3,690,218 — Home equity line 1,375 743 4,818 6,936 834,688 841,624 4,818 Consumer 18,492 5,205 3,266 26,963 1,326,879 1,353,842 3,266 Total $ 26,688 $ 13,621 $ 17,182 $ 57,491 $ 13,221,606 $ 13,279,097 $ 11,167 Nonaccrual Loans and Leases The Company generally places a loan or lease on nonaccrual status when management believes that collection of principal or interest has become doubtful or when a loan or lease becomes 90 days past due as to principal or interest, unless it is well secured and in the process of collection. The Company charges off a loan or lease when facts indicate that the loan or lease is considered uncollectible. The amortized cost basis of loans and leases on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and the amortized cost basis of loans and leases on nonaccrual status with no ACL as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were as follows: June 30, 2021 Nonaccrual Loans and Leases With No Nonac |