LOANS | NOTE 4 — LOANS The composition of loans at December 31 is as follows (dollars in thousands): 2019 2018 Commercial real estate $ 514,394 $ 496,207 Commercial, financial, and agricultural 211,023 191,060 Commercial construction 40,107 29,765 One to four family residential real estate 253,918 286,908 Consumer 21,238 20,371 Consumer construction 18,096 14,553 Total loans $ 1,058,776 $ 1,038,864 The Corporation completed the acquisition of Peninsula Financial Corporation, (“PFC”), on December 5, 2014, The First National Bank of Eagle River (“Eagle River”) on April 29, 2016, Niagara Bancorporation (“Niagara”) on August 31, 2016, First Federal of Northern Michigan Bancorp, Inc. (“FFNM”) on May 18, 2018, and Lincoln Community Bank (“Lincoln”) on October 1, 2018. The PFC acquired impaired loans totaled $13.290 million, the Eagle River acquired impaired loans totaled $3.401 million, and the Niagara acquired impaired loans totaled $2.105 million. The FFNM impaired loans totaled $5.440 million and the Lincoln impaired loans totaled $1.901 million. In 2019, the Corporation had positive resolution of acquired nonperforming loans, which resulted in the recognition of accretable interest of approximately $.404 million. In 2018, The Corporation had positive resolution of acquired nonperforming loans, which resulted in the recognition of approximately $.546 million of accretable interest. The table below details the outstanding balances of the PFC acquired portfolio and the acquisition fair value adjustments at acquisition date (dollars in thousands): Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Loans acquired - contractual payments $ 13,290 $ 53,849 $ 67,139 Nonaccretable difference (2,234) — (2,234) Expected cash flows 11,056 53,849 64,905 Accretable yield (744) (2,100) (2,844) Carrying balance at acquisition date $ 10,312 $ 51,749 $ 62,061 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality in the PFC transaction carried a balance of $1.718 million at December 31, 2019 and $2.369 million at December 31, 2018. The table below details the outstanding balances of the Eagle River acquired portfolio and the acquisition fair value adjustments at acquisition date (dollars in thousands): Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Loans acquired - contractual payments $ 3,401 $ 80,737 $ 84,138 Nonaccretable difference (1,172) — (1,172) Expected cash flows 2,229 80,737 82,966 Accretable yield (391) (1,700) (2,091) Carrying balance at acquisition date $ 1,838 $ 79,037 $ 80,875 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality in the Eagle River transaction carried a balance of $1.716 million at December 31, 2019 and $1.963 million at December 31, 2018. The table below details the outstanding balances of the Niagara acquired portfolio and the acquisition fair value adjustments at acquisition date (dollars in thousands): Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Loans acquired - contractual payments $ 2,105 $ 30,555 $ 32,660 Nonaccretable difference (265) — (265) Expected cash flows 1,840 30,555 32,395 Accretable yield (88) (600) (688) Carrying balance at acquisition date $ 1,752 $ 29,955 $ 31,707 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality in the Niagara transaction carried a balance of $.075 million at December 31, 2019 and $.237 million at December 31, 2018. The table below details the outstanding balances of the FFNM acquired portfolio and the acquisition fair value adjustments at acquisition date (dollars in thousands): Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Loans acquired - contractual payments $ 5,440 $ 187,302 $ 192,742 Nonaccretable difference (2,100) — (2,100) Expected cash flows 3,340 187,302 190,642 Accretable yield (700) (4,498) (5,198) Carrying balance at acquisition date $ 2,640 $ 182,804 $ 185,444 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality in the FFNM transaction carried a balance of $5.119 million at December 31, 2019 and $7.720 million at December 31, 2018. The table below details the outstanding balances of the Lincoln acquired portfolio and the acquisition fair value adjustments at acquisition date (dollars in thousands): Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Loans acquired - contractual payments $ 1,901 $ 37,700 $ 39,601 Nonaccretable difference (421) — (421) Expected cash flows 1,480 37,700 39,180 Accretable yield (140) (493) (633) Carrying balance at acquisition date $ 1,340 $ 37,207 $ 38,547 Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality in the Lincoln transaction carried a balance of $.897 million at December 31, 2019 and $1.272 million at December 31, 2018. The table below presents a rollforward of the accretable yield on acquired loans for year ended December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands): PFC Eagle River Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Impaired Non-impaired Total Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 128 $ — $ 128 $ 213 $ 16 $ 229 Accretion (90) — (90) (17) (16) (33) Reclassification from nonaccretable difference 67 — 67 13 — 13 Balance, December 31, 2019 $ 105 $ — $ 105 $ 209 $ — $ 209 Niagara First Federal Northern Michigan Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Impaired Non-impaired Total Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 26 $ 69 $ 95 $ 571 $ 3,446 $ 4,017 Accretion (30) (69) (99) (214) (1,493) (1,707) Reclassification from nonaccretable difference 23 — 23 161 — 161 Balance, December 31, 2019 $ 19 $ — $ 19 $ 518 $ 1,953 $ 2,471 Lincoln Community Bank Total Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Impaired Non-impaired Total Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 140 $ 442 $ 582 $ 1,078 $ 3,973 $ 5,051 Accretion (128) (178) (306) (479) (1,756) (2,235) Reclassification from nonaccretable difference 96 — 96 360 — 360 Balance, December 31, 2019 $ 108 $ 264 $ 372 $ 959 $ 2,217 $ 3,176 The table below presents a rollforward of the accretable yield on acquired loans for year ended December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands): PFC Eagle River Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Impaired Non-impaired Total Balance, December 31, 2017 $ 149 $ — $ 149 $ 218 $ 603 $ 821 Accretion (86) — (86) (22) (587) (609) Reclassification from nonaccretable difference 65 — 65 17 — 17 Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 128 $ — $ 128 $ 213 $ 16 $ 229 Niagara First Federal Northern Michigan Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Impaired Non-impaired Total Balance, December 31, 2017 $ 38 $ 281 $ 319 $ — $ — $ — Acquisition — — — 700 4,498 5,198 Accretion (48) (212) (260) (515) (1,052) (1,567) Reclassification from nonaccretable difference 36 — 36 386 — 386 Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 26 $ 69 $ 95 $ 571 $ 3,446 $ 4,017 Lincoln Community Bank Total Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Acquired Impaired Non-impaired Total Impaired Non-impaired Total Balance, December 31, 2017 $ — $ — $ — $ 405 $ 884 $ 1,289 Acquisition 140 493 633 840 4,991 5,831 Accretion — (51) (51) (671) (1,902) (2,573) Reclassification from nonaccretable difference — — — 504 — 504 Balance, December 31, 2018 $ 140 $ 442 $ 582 $ 1,078 $ 3,973 $ 5,051 A breakdown of the allowance for loan losses and recorded balances in loans at December 31, 2019 is as follows (dollars in thousands): Commercial, One to four Commercial financial and Commercial family residential Consumer real estate agricultural construction real estate construction Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan loss reserve: Beginning balance ALLR $ 1,682 $ 648 $ 101 $ 199 $ 6 $ 8 $ 2,539 $ 5,183 Charge-offs (27) (103) — (152) — (228) — (510) Recoveries 159 4 2 49 — 36 — 250 Provision (625) 648 (32) 52 5 197 140 385 Ending balance ALLR $ 1,189 $ 1,197 $ 71 $ 148 $ 11 $ 13 $ 2,679 $ 5,308 Loans: Ending balance $ 514,394 $ 211,023 $ 40,107 $ 253,918 $ 18,096 $ 21,238 $ — $ 1,058,776 Ending balance ALLR (1,189) (1,197) (71) (148) (11) (13) (2,679) (5,308) Net loans $ 513,205 $ 209,826 $ 40,036 $ 253,770 $ 18,085 $ 21,225 $ (2,679) $ 1,053,468 Ending balance ALLR: Individually evaluated $ 497 $ 770 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 1,267 Collectively evaluated 692 427 71 148 11 13 2,679 4,041 Total $ 1,189 $ 1,197 $ 71 $ 148 $ 11 $ 13 $ 2,679 $ 5,308 Ending balance Loans: Individually evaluated $ 2,374 $ 1,475 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 3,849 Collectively evaluated 507,702 207,194 39,734 251,998 18,096 21,229 — 1,045,953 Acquired with deteriorated credit quality 4,318 2,354 373 1,920 — 9 — 8,974 Total $ 514,394 $ 211,023 $ 40,107 $ 253,918 $ 18,096 $ 21,238 $ — $ 1,058,776 Impaired loans, by definition, are individually evaluated. A breakdown of the allowance for loan losses and recorded balances in loans at December 31, 2018 is as follows (dollars in thousands): Commercial, One to four Commercial financial and Commercial family residential Consumer real estate agricultural construction real estate construction Consumer Unallocated Total Allowance for loan loss reserve: Beginning balance ALLR $ 1,650 $ 576 $ 54 $ 160 $ 6 $ 10 $ 2,623 $ 5,079 Charge-offs (198) (132) — (230) — (156) — (716) Recoveries 55 164 2 64 — 35 — 320 Provision 175 40 45 205 — 119 (84) 500 Ending balance ALLR $ 1,682 $ 648 $ 101 $ 199 $ 6 $ 8 $ 2,539 $ 5,183 Loans: Ending balance $ 496,207 $ 191,060 $ 29,765 $ 286,908 $ 14,553 $ 20,371 $ — $ 1,038,864 Ending balance ALLR (1,682) (648) (101) (199) (6) (8) (2,539) (5,183) Net loans $ 494,525 $ 190,412 $ 29,664 $ 286,709 $ 14,547 $ 20,363 $ (2,539) $ 1,033,681 Ending balance ALLR: Individually evaluated $ 486 $ 340 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 826 Collectively evaluated 1,196 308 101 199 6 8 2,539 4,357 Total $ 1,682 $ 648 $ 101 $ 199 $ 6 $ 8 $ 2,539 $ 5,183 Ending balance Loans: Individually evaluated $ 2,148 $ 577 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 2,725 Collectively evaluated 491,282 189,023 29,399 285,677 14,336 20,329 — 1,030,046 Acquired with deteriorated credit quality 2,777 1,460 366 1,231 217 42 — 6,093 Total $ 496,207 $ 191,060 $ 29,765 $ 286,908 $ 14,553 $ 20,371 $ — $ 1,038,864 Impaired loans, by definition, are individually evaluated. As part of the management of the loan portfolio, risk ratings are assigned to all commercial loans. Through the loan review process, ratings are modified as believed to be appropriate to reflect changes in the credit. Our ability to manage credit risk depends in large part on our ability to properly identify and manage problem loans. To do so, we operate a credit risk rating system under which our credit management personnel assign a credit risk rating to each loan at the time of origination and review loans on a regular basis to determine each loan’s credit risk rating on a scale of 1 through 8, with higher scores indicating higher risk. The credit risk rating structure used is shown below. In the context of the credit risk rating structure, the term Classified is defined as a problem loan which may or may not be in a nonaccrual status, dependent upon current payment status and collectability. Strong (1) Borrower is not vulnerable to sudden economic or technological changes. They have “strong” balance sheets and are within an industry that is very typical for our markets or type of lending culture. Borrowers also have “strong” financial and cash flow performance and excellent collateral (low loan to value or readily available to liquidate collateral) in conjunction with an impeccable repayment history. Good (2) Borrower shows limited vulnerability to sudden economic change. These borrowers have “above average” financial and cash flow performance and a very good repayment history. The balance sheet of the company is also very good as compared to peer and the company is in an industry that is familiar to our markets or our type of lending. The collateral securing the deal is also very good in terms of its type, loan to value, etc. Average (3) Borrower is typically a well-seasoned business, however may be susceptible to unfavorable changes in the economy, and could be somewhat affected by seasonal factors. The borrowers within this category exhibit financial and cash flow performance that appear “average” to “slightly above average” when compared to peer standards and they show an adequate payment history. Collateral securing this type of credit is good, exhibiting above average loan to values, etc. Acceptable (4) A borrower within this category exhibits financial and cash flow performance that appear adequate and satisfactory when compared to peer standards and they show a satisfactory payment history. The collateral securing the request is within supervisory limits and overall is acceptable. Borrowers rated acceptable could also be newer businesses that are typically susceptible to unfavorable changes in the economy, and more than likely could be affected by seasonal factors. Acceptable Watch (44) The borrower may have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution’s credit position at some future date. Acceptable watch assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Examples of this type of credit include a start-up company fully based on projections, a documentation issue that needs to be corrected or a general market condition that the borrower is working through to get corrected. Substandard (6) Substandard loans are classified assets exhibiting a number of well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize normal repayment. The assets are no longer adequately protected due to declining net worth, lack of earning capacity, or insufficient collateral offering the distinct possibility of the loss of a portion of the loan principal. Loans classified as substandard clearly represent troubled and deteriorating credit situations requiring constant supervision. Doubtful (7) Loans in this category exhibit the same, if not more pronounced weaknesses used to describe the substandard credit. Loans are frozen with collection improbable. Such loans are not yet rated as Charge-off because certain actions may yet occur which would salvage the loan. Charge-off/Loss (8) Loans in this category are largely uncollectible and should be charged against the loan loss reserve immediately. General Reserves: For loans with a credit risk rating of 44 or better and any loans with a risk rating of 6 or 7 not considered impaired, reserves are established based on the type of loan collateral, if any, and the assigned credit risk rating. Determination of the allowance is inherently subjective as it requires significant estimates, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogenous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of current environmental factors and economic trends, all of which may be susceptible to significant change. Using a historical average loss by loan type as a base, each loan graded as higher risk is assigned a specific percentage. The residential real estate and consumer loan portfolios are assigned a loss percentage as a homogenous group. If, however, on an individual loan the projected loss based on collateral value and payment histories are in excess of the computed allowance, the allocation is increased for the higher anticipated loss. These computations provide the basis for the allowance for loan losses as recorded by the Corporation. Commercial construction loans in the amount of $3.525 million and $7.585 million at December 31, 2019, and 2018, respectively did not receive a specific risk rating. These amounts represent loans made for land development and unimproved land purchases. Below is a breakdown of loans by risk category as of December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands): (1) (2) (3) (4) (44) (6) (7) Rating Strong Good Average Acceptable Acceptable Watch Substandard Doubtful Unassigned Total Commercial real estate $ 9,979 $ 17,516 $ 228,962 $ 248,177 $ 4,468 $ 5,292 $ — $ — $ 514,394 Commercial, financial and agricultural 15,126 4,510 70,748 115,229 930 4,480 — — 211,023 Commercial construction — 292 6,390 28,893 400 607 — 3,525 40,107 One-to-four family residential real estate 40 2,145 4,937 15,168 634 2,632 — 228,362 253,918 Consumer construction — — — — — — — 18,096 18,096 Consumer — 158 250 640 — 41 — 20,149 21,238 Total loans $ 25,145 $ 24,621 $ 311,287 $ 408,107 $ 6,432 $ 13,052 $ — $ 270,132 $ 1,058,776 Below is a breakdown of loans by risk category as of December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands) (1) (2) (3) (4) (44) (6) (7) Rating Strong Good Average Acceptable Acceptable Watch Substandard Doubtful Unassigned Total Commercial real estate $ 9,564 $ 22,265 $ 189,898 $ 257,627 $ 5,993 $ 10,860 $ — $ — $ 496,207 Commercial, financial and agricultural 8,077 8,678 72,466 97,441 2,269 2,129 — — 191,060 Commercial construction 734 706 6,844 12,244 829 823 — 7,585 29,765 One-to-four family residential real estate 70 2,873 6,941 15,711 2,095 4,757 — 254,461 286,908 Consumer construction — — — 200 50 11 — 14,292 14,553 Consumer 19 236 625 1,156 42 77 — 18,216 20,371 Total loans $ 18,464 $ 34,758 $ 276,774 $ 384,379 $ 11,278 $ 18,657 $ — $ 294,554 $ 1,038,864 Impaired Loans Impaired loans are those which are contractually past due 90 days or more as to interest or principal payments, on nonaccrual status, or loans, the terms of which have been renegotiated to provide a reduction or deferral on interest or principal. Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable the Corporation will be unable to collect all amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled principal and interest payments. Impairment is evaluated in total for smaller-balance loans of a similar nature and on an individual loans basis for other loans. If a loan is impaired, a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using the loan’s existing rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Interest payments on impaired loans are typically applied to principal unless collectability of the principal amount is reasonably assured, in which case interest is recognized on a cash basis. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible. The following is a summary of impaired loans and their effect on interest income (dollars in thousands): Impaired Loans Impaired Loans Total Unpaid Related with No Related with Related Impaired Principal Allowance for Allowance Allowance Loans Balance Loan Losses December 31, 2019 Commercial real estate $ 4,318 $ 2,374 $ 6,692 $ 7,937 $ 497 Commercial, financial and agricultural 2,354 1,475 3,829 4,892 770 Commercial construction 373 — 373 386 — One to four family residential real estate 1,920 — 1,920 2,881 — Consumer construction — — — — — Consumer 9 — 9 33 — Total $ $ $ $ $ December 31, 2018 Commercial real estate $ 2,777 $ 2,148 $ 4,925 $ 10,740 $ 486 Commercial, financial and agricultural 1,460 577 2,037 2,249 340 Commercial construction 366 — 366 1,132 — One to four family residential real estate 1,231 — 1,231 4,136 — Consumer construction 217 — 217 — — Consumer 42 — 42 55 — Total $ 6,093 $ 2,725 $ 8,818 $ 18,312 $ 826 Individually Evaluated Impaired Loans December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Average Interest Income Average Interest Income Balance for Recognized for Balance for Recognized for the Period the Period the Period the Period Commercial real estate $ 8,374 $ 301 $ 5,024 $ 410 Commercial, financial and agricultural 1,144 2 374 26 Commercial construction 396 — 383 13 One to four family residential real estate 3,508 219 2,879 203 Consumer construction — — 9 — Consumer 44 2 38 4 Total $ 13,466 $ 524 $ 8,707 $ 656 A summary of past due loans at December 31, is as follows (dollars in thousands): December 31, December 31, 2019 2018 30-89 days 90+ days 30-89 days 90+ days Past Due Past Due Past Due Past Due (accruing) (accruing) Nonaccrual Total (accruing) (accruing) Nonaccrual Total Commercial real estate $ 1,055 $ — $ 671 $ 1,726 $ 298 $ — $ 1,700 $ 1,998 Commercial, financial and agricultural 829 — 527 1,356 398 — 320 718 Commercial construction 59 — 105 164 112 — 266 378 One to four family residential real estate 4,357 11 3,850 8,218 5,456 18 2,725 8,199 Consumer construction — — — — — — — — Consumer 83 — 19 102 108 5 43 156 Total past due loans $ 6,383 $ 11 $ 5,172 $ 11,566 $ 6,372 $ 23 $ 5,054 $ 11,449 Troubled Debt Restructuring Troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”) are determined on a loan-by-loan basis. Generally, restructurings are related to interest rate reductions, loan term extensions and short term payment forbearance as means to maximize collectability of troubled credits. If a portion of the TDR loan is uncollectible (including forgiveness of principal), the uncollectible amount will be charged off against the allowance at the time of the restructuring. In general, a borrower must make at least six consecutive timely payments before the Corporation would consider a return of a restructured loan to accruing status in accordance with FDIC guidelines regarding restoration of credits to accrual status. The Corporation has, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and per recently enacted accounting standard updates, evaluated all loan modifications to determine the fair value impact of the underlying asset. The carrying amount of the loan is compared to the expected payments to be received, discounted at the loan’s original rate, or for collateral dependent loans, to the fair value of the collateral. There were four new troubled debt restructuring that occurred during the year ended December 31, 2019 with a balance of $1.952 million, and no new troubled debt restructurings for the year ended December 31, 2018. There are no existing troubled debt restructurings that have defaulted as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. Insider Loans The Bank, in the ordinary course of business, grants loans to the Corporation’s executive officers and directors, including their families and firms in which they are principal owners. Activity in such loans is summarized below (dollars in thousands): 2019 2018 Loans outstanding, January 1 $ 9,817 $ New loans 1,872 Net activity on revolving lines of credit 1,200 Change in status of insiders (289) - Repayment (404) Loans outstanding at end of period $ $ There were no loans to related-parties classified substandard as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. In addition to the outstanding balances above, there were unfunded commitments of $.005 million to related parties at December 31, 2019. |