| LOANS AND LEASES | LOANS AND LEASES Following is a summary of loans and leases, net of unearned income: TABLE 5.1 (in thousands) Originated Loans and Leases Acquired Loans Total Loans and Leases September 30, 2018 Commercial real estate $ 5,978,629 $ 2,867,111 $ 8,845,740 Commercial and industrial 3,892,822 470,635 4,363,457 Commercial leases 346,579 — 346,579 Other 34,732 — 34,732 Total commercial loans and leases 10,252,762 3,337,746 13,590,508 Direct installment 1,670,964 107,159 1,778,123 Residential mortgages 2,457,380 527,282 2,984,662 Indirect installment 1,880,487 162 1,880,649 Consumer lines of credit 1,116,376 489,085 1,605,461 Total consumer loans 7,125,207 1,123,688 8,248,895 Total loans and leases, net of unearned income $ 17,377,969 $ 4,461,434 $ 21,839,403 December 31, 2017 Commercial real estate $ 5,174,783 $ 3,567,081 $ 8,741,864 Commercial and industrial 3,495,247 675,420 4,170,667 Commercial leases 266,720 — 266,720 Other 17,063 — 17,063 Total commercial loans and leases 8,953,813 4,242,501 13,196,314 Direct installment 1,755,713 149,822 1,905,535 Residential mortgages 2,036,226 666,465 2,702,691 Indirect installment 1,448,268 165 1,448,433 Consumer lines of credit 1,151,470 594,323 1,745,793 Total consumer loans 6,391,677 1,410,775 7,802,452 Total loans and leases, net of unearned income $ 15,345,490 $ 5,653,276 $ 20,998,766 The loans and leases portfolio categories are comprised of the following: • Commercial real estate includes both owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied loans secured by commercial properties; • Commercial and industrial includes loans to businesses that are not secured by real estate; • Commercial leases consist of leases for new or used equipment; • Other is comprised primarily of credit cards and mezzanine loans; • Direct installment is comprised of fixed-rate, closed-end consumer loans for personal, family or household use, such as home equity loans and automobile loans; • Residential mortgages consist of conventional and jumbo mortgage loans for 1 - 4 family properties; • Indirect installment is comprised of loans originated by approved third parties and underwritten by us, primarily automobile loans; and • Consumer lines of credit include home equity lines of credit and consumer lines of credit that are either unsecured or secured by collateral other than home equity. The loans and leases portfolio consists principally of loans to individuals and small- and medium-sized businesses within our primary market areas of Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and northern West Virginia. The following table shows certain information relating to commercial real estate loans: TABLE 5.2 (dollars in thousands) September 30, December 31, Commercial construction, acquisition and development loans $ 1,146,612 $ 1,170,175 Percent of total loans and leases 5.3 % 5.6 % Commercial real estate: Percent owner-occupied 34.7 % 35.3 % Percent non-owner-occupied 65.3 % 64.7 % Acquired Loans All acquired loans were initially recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. Refer to the Acquired Loans section in Note 1 of our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of ASC 310-20 and ASC 310-30 loans. The outstanding balance and the carrying amount of acquired loans included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows: TABLE 5.3 (in thousands) September 30, December 31, Accounted for under ASC 310-30: Outstanding balance $ 4,110,019 $ 5,176,015 Carrying amount 3,830,823 4,834,256 Accounted for under ASC 310-20: Outstanding balance 644,077 835,130 Carrying amount 626,041 812,322 Total acquired loans: Outstanding balance 4,754,096 6,011,145 Carrying amount 4,456,864 5,646,578 The outstanding balance is the undiscounted sum of all amounts owed under the loan, including amounts deemed principal, interest, fees, penalties and other, whether or not currently due and whether or not any such amounts have been written or charged-off. The carrying amount of purchased credit impaired loans included in the table above totaled $1.7 million at September 30, 2018 and $1.9 million at December 31, 2017 , representing 0.04% and 0.03% , respectively, of the carrying amount of total acquired loans as of each date. The following table provides changes in accretable yield for all acquired loans accounted for under ASC 310-30. Loans accounted for under ASC 310-20 are not included in this table. TABLE 5.4 Nine Months Ended (in thousands) 2018 2017 Balance at beginning of period $ 708,481 $ 467,070 Acquisitions — 444,715 Reduction due to unexpected early payoffs (117,469 ) (90,097 ) Reclass from non-accretable difference 184,545 163,714 Disposals/transfers (444 ) (341 ) Other (412 ) 1,129 Accretion (169,605 ) (164,219 ) Balance at end of period $ 605,096 $ 821,971 Cash flows expected to be collected on acquired loans are estimated quarterly by incorporating several key assumptions similar to the initial estimate of fair value. These key assumptions include probability of default and the amount of actual prepayments after the acquisition date. Prepayments affect the estimated life of the loans and could change the amount of interest income, and possibly principal expected to be collected. In reforecasting future estimated cash flows, credit loss expectations are adjusted as necessary. Improved cash flow expectations for loans or pools are recorded first as a reversal of previously recorded impairment, if any, and then as an increase in prospective yield when all previously recorded impairment has been recaptured. Decreases in expected cash flows are recognized as impairment through a charge to the provision for credit losses and credit to the allowance for credit losses. The excess of cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition over recorded fair value is referred to as the accretable yield. The accretable yield is recognized into income over the remaining life of the loan, or pool of loans, using an effective yield method, if the timing and/or amount of cash flows expected to be collected can be reasonably estimated (the accretion model). If the timing and/or amount of cash flows expected to be collected cannot be reasonably estimated, the cost recovery method of income recognition must be used. The difference between the loan’s total scheduled principal and interest payments over all cash flows expected at acquisition is referred to as the non-accretable difference. The non-accretable difference represents contractually required principal and interest payments which we do not expect to collect. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 , there was an overall improvement in cash flow expectations which resulted in a net reclassification of $184.5 million from the non-accretable difference to accretable yield. This reclassification was $163.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 . The reclassification from the non-accretable difference to the accretable yield results in prospective yield adjustments on the loan pools and was also positively impacted by the sale of $56.5 million of acquired residential mortgage loans in the second quarter of 2018. Credit Quality Management monitors the credit quality of our loan portfolio using several performance measures to do so based on payment activity and borrower performance. Non-performing loans include non-accrual loans and non-performing TDRs. Past due loans are reviewed on a monthly basis to identify loans for non-accrual status. We place originated loans on non-accrual status and discontinue interest accruals on originated loans generally when principal or interest is due and has remained unpaid for a certain number of days or when the full amount of principal and interest is due and has remained unpaid for a certain number of days, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. Commercial loans and leases are placed on non-accrual at 90 days, installment loans are placed on non-accrual at 120 days and residential mortgages and consumer lines of credit are generally placed on non-accrual at 180 days, though we may place a loan on non-accrual prior to these past due thresholds as warranted. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed. Non-accrual loans may not be restored to accrual status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate ability to collect the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured. The majority of TDRs are loans in which we have granted a concession on the interest rate or the original repayment terms due to the borrower’s financial distress. Following is a summary of non-performing assets: TABLE 5.5 (dollars in thousands) September 30, December 31, Non-accrual loans $ 79,899 $ 74,635 Troubled debt restructurings 22,322 23,481 Total non-performing loans 102,221 98,116 Other real estate owned 35,685 40,606 Total non-performing assets $ 137,906 $ 138,722 Asset quality ratios: Non-performing loans / total loans and leases 0.47 % 0.47 % Non-performing loans + OREO / total loans and leases + OREO 0.63 % 0.66 % Non-performing assets / total assets 0.42 % 0.44 % The carrying value of residential other real estate owned held as a result of obtaining physical possession upon completion of a foreclosure or through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure amounted to $5.4 million at September 30, 2018 and $3.6 million at December 31, 2017 . The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 totaled $9.0 million and $15.2 million , respectively. The following tables provide an analysis of the aging of loans by class segregated by loans and leases originated and loans acquired: TABLE 5.6 (in thousands) 30-89 Days Past Due > 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing Non- Accrual Total Past Due (4) Current Total Loans and Leases Originated Loans and Leases September 30, 2018 Commercial real estate $ 12,978 $ 2 $ 18,243 $ 31,223 $ 5,947,406 $ 5,978,629 Commercial and industrial 7,069 3 27,323 34,395 3,858,427 3,892,822 Commercial leases 712 — 5,526 6,238 340,341 346,579 Other 80 141 1,000 1,221 33,511 34,732 Total commercial loans and leases 20,839 146 52,092 73,077 10,179,685 10,252,762 Direct installment 7,779 663 7,888 16,330 1,654,634 1,670,964 Residential mortgages 19,274 1,754 6,110 27,138 2,430,242 2,457,380 Indirect installment 8,889 505 2,263 11,657 1,868,830 1,880,487 Consumer lines of credit 5,039 904 3,583 9,526 1,106,850 1,116,376 Total consumer loans 40,981 3,826 19,844 64,651 7,060,556 7,125,207 Total originated loans and leases $ 61,820 $ 3,972 $ 71,936 $ 137,728 $ 17,240,241 $ 17,377,969 December 31, 2017 Commercial real estate $ 8,273 $ 1 $ 24,773 $ 33,047 $ 5,141,736 $ 5,174,783 Commercial and industrial 8,948 3 17,077 26,028 3,469,219 3,495,247 Commercial leases 1,382 41 1,574 2,997 263,723 266,720 Other 83 153 1,000 1,236 15,827 17,063 Total commercial loans and leases 18,686 198 44,424 63,308 8,890,505 8,953,813 Direct installment 13,192 4,466 8,896 26,554 1,729,159 1,755,713 Residential mortgages 14,096 2,832 5,771 22,699 2,013,527 2,036,226 Indirect installment 10,313 611 2,240 13,164 1,435,104 1,448,268 Consumer lines of credit 5,859 1,014 2,313 9,186 1,142,284 1,151,470 Total consumer loans 43,460 8,923 19,220 71,603 6,320,074 6,391,677 Total originated loans and leases $ 62,146 $ 9,121 $ 63,644 $ 134,911 $ 15,210,579 $ 15,345,490 (in thousands) 30-89 Days Past Due > 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing Non- Accrual Total Past Due (1) (2) (3) Current (Discount) Premium Total Loans Acquired Loans September 30, 2018 Commercial real estate $ 33,024 $ 48,044 $ 3,030 $ 84,098 $ 2,956,931 $ (173,918 ) $ 2,867,111 Commercial and industrial 1,704 2,801 4,252 8,757 492,430 (30,552 ) 470,635 Total commercial loans 34,728 50,845 7,282 92,855 3,449,361 (204,470 ) 3,337,746 Direct installment 4,168 1,798 — 5,966 101,669 (476 ) 107,159 Residential mortgages 15,237 6,428 — 21,665 522,844 (17,227 ) 527,282 Indirect installment — 1 — 1 — 161 162 Consumer lines of credit 6,699 2,244 681 9,624 490,358 (10,897 ) 489,085 Total consumer loans 26,104 10,471 681 37,256 1,114,871 (28,439 ) 1,123,688 Total acquired loans $ 60,832 $ 61,316 $ 7,963 $ 130,111 $ 4,564,232 $ (232,909 ) $ 4,461,434 December 31, 2017 Commercial real estate $ 34,928 $ 63,092 $ 3,975 $ 101,995 $ 3,657,152 $ (192,066 ) $ 3,567,081 Commercial and industrial 3,187 6,452 5,663 15,302 698,265 (38,147 ) 675,420 Total commercial loans 38,115 69,544 9,638 117,297 4,355,417 (230,213 ) 4,242,501 Direct installment 5,267 2,013 — 7,280 141,386 1,156 149,822 Residential mortgages 17,191 15,139 — 32,330 675,499 (41,364 ) 666,465 Indirect installment — 1 — 1 10 154 165 Consumer lines of credit 6,353 3,253 1,353 10,959 596,298 (12,934 ) 594,323 Total consumer loans 28,811 20,406 1,353 50,570 1,413,193 (52,988 ) 1,410,775 Total acquired loans $ 66,926 $ 89,950 $ 10,991 $ 167,867 $ 5,768,610 $ (283,201 ) $ 5,653,276 (1) Past due information for acquired loans is based on the contractual balance outstanding at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 . (2) Acquired loans are considered performing upon acquisition, regardless of whether the customer is contractually delinquent, if we can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of expected cash flows on such loans. In these instances, we do not consider acquired contractually delinquent loans to be non-accrual or non-performing and continue to recognize interest income on these loans using the accretion method. Acquired loans are considered non-accrual or non-performing when, due to credit deterioration or other factors, we determine we are no longer able to reasonably estimate the timing and amount of expected cash flows on such loans. We do not recognize interest income on acquired loans considered non-accrual or non-performing. (3) Approximately $28.5 million of acquired past-due or non-accrual loans were sold during the second quarter of 2018. (4) Approximately $14.7 million of originated past-due or non-accrual loans were sold during the second quarter of 2018. We utilize the following categories to monitor credit quality within our commercial loan and lease portfolio: TABLE 5.7 Rating Category Definition Pass in general, the condition of the borrower and the performance of the loan is satisfactory or better Special Mention in general, the condition of the borrower has deteriorated, requiring an increased level of monitoring Substandard in general, the condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the performance of the loan could further deteriorate if deficiencies are not corrected Doubtful in general, the condition of the borrower has significantly deteriorated and the collection in full of both principal and interest is highly questionable or improbable The use of these internally assigned credit quality categories within the commercial loan and lease portfolio permits management’s use of transition matrices to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. Our internal credit risk grading system is based on past experiences with similarly graded loans and leases and conforms with regulatory categories. In general, loan and lease risk ratings within each category are reviewed on an ongoing basis according to our policy for each class of loans and leases. Each quarter, management analyzes the resulting ratings, as well as other external statistics and factors such as delinquency, to track the migration performance of the commercial loan and lease portfolio. Loans and leases within the Pass credit category or that migrate toward the Pass credit category generally have a lower risk of loss compared to loans and leases that migrate toward the Substandard or Doubtful credit categories. Accordingly, management applies higher risk factors to Substandard and Doubtful credit categories. The following tables present a summary of our commercial loans and leases by credit quality category, segregated by loans and leases originated and loans acquired: TABLE 5.8 Commercial Loan and Lease Credit Quality Categories (in thousands) Pass Special Mention Substandard Doubtful Total Originated Loans and Leases September 30, 2018 Commercial real estate $ 5,716,992 $ 144,800 $ 116,793 $ 44 $ 5,978,629 Commercial and industrial 3,626,199 187,032 74,879 4,712 3,892,822 Commercial leases 335,439 1,623 9,517 — 346,579 Other 33,481 110 1,141 — 34,732 Total originated commercial loans and leases $ 9,712,111 $ 333,565 $ 202,330 $ 4,756 $ 10,252,762 December 31, 2017 Commercial real estate $ 4,922,872 $ 152,744 $ 98,728 $ 439 $ 5,174,783 Commercial and industrial 3,266,966 132,975 92,091 3,215 3,495,247 Commercial leases 260,235 4,425 2,060 — 266,720 Other 15,866 43 1,154 — 17,063 Total originated commercial loans and leases $ 8,465,939 $ 290,187 $ 194,033 $ 3,654 $ 8,953,813 Acquired Loans September 30, 2018 Commercial real estate $ 2,481,679 $ 181,813 $ 203,448 $ 171 $ 2,867,111 Commercial and industrial 408,326 20,605 41,704 — 470,635 Total acquired commercial loans $ 2,890,005 $ 202,418 $ 245,152 $ 171 $ 3,337,746 December 31, 2017 Commercial real estate $ 3,102,788 $ 250,987 $ 213,089 $ 217 $ 3,567,081 Commercial and industrial 603,611 26,059 45,661 89 675,420 Total acquired commercial loans $ 3,706,399 $ 277,046 $ 258,750 $ 306 $ 4,242,501 Credit quality information for acquired loans is based on the contractual balance outstanding at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 . We use delinquency transition matrices within the consumer and other loan classes to enable management to estimate a quantitative portion of credit risk. Each month, management analyzes payment and volume activity, Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) scores and other external factors such as unemployment, to determine how consumer loans are performing. Following is a table showing consumer loans by payment status: TABLE 5.9 Consumer Loan Credit Quality by Payment Status (in thousands) Performing Non- Performing Total Originated loans September 30, 2018 Direct installment $ 1,656,375 $ 14,589 $ 1,670,964 Residential mortgages 2,441,374 16,006 2,457,380 Indirect installment 1,878,224 2,263 1,880,487 Consumer lines of credit 1,111,004 5,372 1,116,376 Total originated consumer loans $ 7,086,977 $ 38,230 $ 7,125,207 December 31, 2017 Direct installment $ 1,739,060 $ 16,653 $ 1,755,713 Residential mortgages 2,019,816 16,410 2,036,226 Indirect installment 1,445,833 2,435 1,448,268 Consumer lines of credit 1,147,576 3,894 1,151,470 Total originated consumer loans $ 6,352,285 $ 39,392 $ 6,391,677 Acquired loans September 30, 2018 Direct installment $ 107,091 $ 68 $ 107,159 Residential mortgages 527,282 — 527,282 Indirect installment 162 — 162 Consumer lines of credit 487,823 1,262 489,085 Total acquired consumer loans $ 1,122,358 $ 1,330 $ 1,123,688 December 31, 2017 Direct installment $ 149,751 $ 71 $ 149,822 Residential mortgages 666,465 — 666,465 Indirect installment 165 — 165 Consumer lines of credit 592,384 1,939 594,323 Total acquired consumer loans $ 1,408,765 $ 2,010 $ 1,410,775 Loans are designated as impaired when, in the opinion of management, based on current information and events, the collection of principal and interest in accordance with the loan and lease contract is doubtful. Typically, we do not consider loans for impairment unless a sustained period of delinquency (i.e., 90 -plus days) is noted or there are subsequent events that impact repayment probability (i.e., negative financial trends, bankruptcy filings, imminent foreclosure proceedings, etc.). Effective July 1, 2018, we changed our threshold for measuring impairment on a collective basis. Impairment is evaluated in the aggregate for newly impaired commercial loan relationships less than $1.0 million based on loan segment loss given default. Impairment is evaluated in the aggregate for consumer installment loans, residential mortgages, consumer lines of credit and commercial loan relationships less than $1.0 million based on loan segment loss given default. For commercial loan relationships greater than or equal to $1.0 million , a specific valuation allowance is allocated, if necessary, so that the loan is reported net, at the present value of estimated future cash flows using a market interest rate or at the fair value of collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. Consistent with our existing method of income recognition for loans, interest income on impaired loans, except those classified as non-accrual, is recognized using the accrual method. Impaired loans, or portions thereof, are charged off when deemed uncollectible. Following is a summary of information pertaining to originated loans and leases considered to be impaired, by class of loan and lease: TABLE 5.10 (in thousands) Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance Recorded Investment With No Specific Reserve Recorded Investment With Specific Reserve Total Recorded Investment Specific Reserve Average Recorded Investment At or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Commercial real estate $ 20,051 $ 17,576 $ 635 $ 18,211 $ 44 $ 16,360 Commercial and industrial 31,219 19,533 8,272 27,805 4,712 27,096 Commercial leases 5,526 5,526 — 5,526 — 3,372 Total commercial loans and leases 56,796 42,635 8,907 51,542 4,756 46,828 Direct installment 17,554 14,589 — 14,589 — 15,191 Residential mortgages 17,316 16,006 — 16,006 — 16,887 Indirect installment 4,576 2,263 — 2,263 — 2,208 Consumer lines of credit 7,330 5,372 — 5,372 — 5,172 Total consumer loans 46,776 38,230 — 38,230 — 39,458 Total $ 103,572 $ 80,865 $ 8,907 $ 89,772 $ 4,756 $ 86,286 At or for the Year Ended Commercial real estate $ 27,718 $ 21,748 $ 2,906 $ 24,654 $ 439 $ 24,413 Commercial and industrial 29,307 11,595 4,457 16,052 3,215 23,907 Commercial leases 1,574 1,574 — 1,574 — 1,386 Total commercial loans and leases 58,599 34,917 7,363 42,280 3,654 49,706 Direct installment 19,375 16,653 — 16,653 — 16,852 Residential mortgages 17,754 16,410 — 16,410 — 15,984 Indirect installment 5,709 2,435 — 2,435 — 2,279 Consumer lines of credit 5,039 3,894 — 3,894 — 3,815 Total consumer loans 47,877 39,392 — 39,392 — 38,930 Total $ 106,476 $ 74,309 $ 7,363 $ 81,672 $ 3,654 $ 88,636 Interest income continued to accrue on certain impaired loans and totaled approximately $4.3 million and $3.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The above tables do not reflect the additional allowance for credit losses relating to acquired loans. Following is a summary of the allowance for credit losses required for acquired loans due to changes in credit quality subsequent to the acquisition date: TABLE 5.11 (in thousands) September 30, December 31, Commercial real estate $ 2,440 $ 4,976 Commercial and industrial 639 (415 ) Total commercial loans 3,079 4,561 Direct installment 967 1,553 Residential mortgages 520 484 Indirect installment 226 177 Consumer lines of credit (222 ) (77 ) Total consumer loans 1,491 2,137 Total allowance on acquired loans $ 4,570 $ 6,698 Troubled Debt Restructurings TDRs are loans whose contractual terms have been modified in a manner that grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. TDRs typically result from loss mitigation activities and could include the extension of a maturity date, interest rate reduction, principal forgiveness, deferral or decrease in payments for a period of time and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. Following is a summary of the composition of total TDRs: TABLE 5.12 (in thousands) Originated Acquired Total September 30, 2018 Accruing: Performing $ 16,963 $ 67 $ 17,030 Non-performing 19,060 3,262 22,322 Non-accrual 8,621 91 8,712 Total TDRs $ 44,644 $ 3,420 $ 48,064 December 31, 2017 Accruing: Performing $ 19,538 $ 266 $ 19,804 Non-performing 20,173 3,308 23,481 Non-accrual 10,472 234 10,706 Total TDRs $ 50,183 $ 3,808 $ 53,991 TDRs that are accruing and performing include loans that met the criteria for non-accrual of interest prior to restructuring for which we can reasonably estimate the timing and amount of the expected cash flows on such loans and for which we expect to fully collect the new carrying value of the loans. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018 , we returned to performing status $3.0 million in restructured residential mortgage loans that have consistently met their modified obligations for more than six months. TDRs that are accruing and non-performing are comprised of consumer loans that have not demonstrated a consistent repayment pattern on the modified terms for more than six months, however it is expected that we will collect all future principal and interest payments. TDRs that are on non-accrual are not placed on accruing status until all delinquent principal and interest have been paid and the ultimate collectability of the remaining principal and interest is reasonably assured. Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, and may result in potential incremental losses which are factored into the allowance for credit losses. Excluding purchased impaired loans, commercial loans over $1.0 million whose terms have been modified in a TDR are generally placed on non-accrual, individually analyzed and measured for estimated impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. Our allowance for credit losses included specific reserves for commercial TDRs and pooled reserves for individually impaired loans under $1.0 million based on loan segment loss given default. Upon default, the amount of the recorded investment in the TDR in excess of the fair value of the collateral, less estimated selling costs, is generally considered a confirmed loss and is charged-off against the allowance for credit losses. The reserve for commercial TDRs included in the allowance for credit losses is presented in the following table: TABLE 5.13 (in thousands) September 30, December 31, Specific reserves for commercial TDRs $ — $ 95 Pooled reserves for individual commercial loans 551 469 All other classes of loans, which are primarily secured by residential properties, whose terms have been modified in a TDR are pooled and measured for estimated impairment based on the expected net present value of the estimated future cash flows of the pool. Our allowance for credit losses included pooled reserves for these classes of loans of $4.0 million for September 30, 2018 and $4.0 million for December 31, 2017 . Upon default of an individual loan, our charge-off policy is followed accordingly for that class of loan. Following is a summary of TDR loans, by class: TABLE 5.14 Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Commercial real estate 3 $ 507 $ 494 4 $ 656 $ 614 Commercial and industrial 1 15 — 12 662 633 Total commercial loans 4 522 494 16 1,318 1,247 Direct installment 15 650 638 65 3,215 2,941 Residential mortgages 4 283 279 13 898 854 Indirect installment — — — — — — Consumer lines of credit 11 540 549 25 1,199 1,004 Total consumer loans 30 1,473 1,466 103 5,312 4,799 Total 34 $ 1,995 $ 1,960 119 $ 6,630 $ 6,046 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Pre- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Commercial real estate — $ — $ — 2 $ 595 $ 560 Commercial and industrial 1 15 10 3 3,568 4,169 Total commercial loans 1 15 10 5 4,163 4,729 Direct installment 141 1,037 919 474 4,014 3,580 Residential mortgages 14 946 952 30 1,539 1,446 Indirect installment 3 5 4 12 36 32 Consumer lines of credit 9 77 50 51 1,080 901 Total consumer loans 167 2,065 1,925 567 6,669 5,959 Total 168 $ 2,080 $ 1,935 572 $ 10,832 $ 10,688 The year-to-date items in the above tables have been adjusted for loans that have been paid off and/or sold. Following is a summary of originated TDRs, by class, for which there was a payment default, excluding loans that were either charged-off or cured by period end. Default occurs when a loan is 90 days or more past due and is within 12 months of restructuring. TABLE 5.15 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Commercial real estate 3 $ 1,078 3 $ 1,078 Commercial and industrial 2 16 1 9 Total commercial loans 5 1,094 4 1,087 Direct installment 3 $ 274 5 $ 332 Residential mortgages 2 108 4 224 Indirect installment — — — — Consumer lines of credit — — 3 252 Total consumer loans 5 382 12 808 Total 10 $ 1,476 16 $ 1,895 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Number of Contracts Recorded Investment Commercial real estate 1 $ 463 1 $ 463 Commercial and industrial — — 3 326 Total commercial loans 1 463 4 789 Direct installment 39 265 91 278 Residential mortgages 1 80 4 264 Indirect installment 4 22 12 22 Consumer lines of credit 3 26 4 89 Total consumer loans 47 393 111 653 Total 48 $ 856 115 $ 1,442 The year-to-date items in the above tables have been adjusted for loans that have been paid off and/or sold. |
