Ford Motor (F) 10-K 21 Feb 19 2018 FY Annual report Financial data

DOCUMENT AND ENTITY INFORMATION

DOCUMENT AND ENTITY INFORMATION Document - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Jan. 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Document Type	10-K
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2,018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Entity Registrant Name	FORD MOTOR CO
Entity Central Index Key	37,996
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Trading Symbol	F
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Public Float			$ 43,335,618,411
Common Stock [Member]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		3,907,699,661
Class B Stock [Member]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		70,852,076

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Revenues
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 160,338	$ 156,776	$ 151,800
Costs and expenses
Cost of sales	136,269	131,321	126,195
Selling, administrative, and other expenses	11,403	11,527	10,972
Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses	9,463	9,047	8,847
Total costs and expenses	157,135	151,895	146,014
Other income/(loss), net	2,247	3,267	169
Equity in net income of affiliated companies	123	1,201	1,780
Income before income taxes	4,345	8,159	6,784
Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes (Note 7)	650	402	2,184
Net income	3,695	7,757	4,600
Less: Income/(Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	18	26	11
Net income attributable to Ford Motor Company	$ 3,677	$ 7,731	$ 4,589
Basic income
Basic income (in dollars per share)	$ 0.93	$ 1.94	$ 1.16
Diluted income
Diluted income (in dollars per share)	$ 0.92	$ 1.93	$ 1.15
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
Revenues
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 148,294	$ 145,653	$ 141,546
Costs and expenses
Interest expense	1,171	1,133	894
Equity in net income of affiliated companies	95	1,169	1,747
Income before income taxes	5,422	8,084	10,050
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member]
Revenues
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	12,018	11,113	10,253
Costs and expenses
Equity in net income of affiliated companies	28	32	33
Income before income taxes	2,627	2,310	1,879
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member]
Revenues
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	26	10	1
Costs and expenses
Equity in net income of affiliated companies	0	0	0
Income before income taxes	(674)	(299)	(117)
Operating Segments [Member] | Other Segments [Member]
Costs and expenses
Interest expense	$ 57	$ 57	$ 57

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPR

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income	$ 3,695	$ 7,757	$ 4,600
Foreign currency translation	(523)	314	(1,024)
Marketable securities	(11)	(34)	(8)
Derivative instruments	183	(265)	219
Pension and other postretirement benefits	(56)	37	56
Total other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	(407)	52	(757)
Comprehensive income	3,288	7,809	3,843
Less: Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	18	24	10
Comprehensive income attributable to Ford Motor Company	$ 3,270	$ 7,785	$ 3,833

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 16,718	$ 18,492
Finance receivables, net	109,897	108,392
Marketable securities (Note 9)	17,233	20,435
Ford Credit finance receivables, net (Note 10)	54,353	52,210
Trade and other receivables, less allowances of $412 and $94	11,195	10,599
Inventories (Note 12)	11,220	11,176
Other assets	3,930	3,889
Total current assets	114,649	116,801
Ford Credit finance receivables, net (Note 10)	55,544	56,182
Net investment in operating leases	29,119	28,235
Net property (Note 14)	36,178	35,327
Equity in net assets of affiliated companies (Note 15)	2,709	3,085
Deferred income taxes (Note 7)	10,412	10,762
Other assets	7,929	8,104
Total assets	256,540	258,496
LIABILITIES
Payables	21,520	23,282
Other liabilities and deferred revenue (Note 16)	20,556	19,697
Total current liabilities	95,569	94,600
Other liabilities and deferred revenue (Note 16)	23,588	24,711
Deferred income taxes (Note 7)	597	815
Total liabilities	220,474	222,792
Redeemable noncontrolling interest (Note 20)	100	98
EQUITY
Capital in excess of par value of stock	22,006	21,843
Retained earnings	22,668	21,906
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (Note 21)	(7,366)	(6,959)
Treasury stock	(1,417)	(1,253)
Total equity attributable to Ford Motor Company	35,932	35,578
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests	34	28
Total equity	35,966	35,606
Total liabilities and equity	256,540	258,496
Common Stock [Member]
EQUITY
Common and Class B Stock	40	40
Class B Stock [Member]
EQUITY
Common and Class B Stock	1	1
Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	2,728	3,479
Finance receivables, net	58,662	56,250
Net investment in operating leases	16,332	11,503
Other Assets	27	64
LIABILITIES
Other Liabilities	24	2
Debt	53,269	46,437
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	7,058	8,930
Total assets	100,105	103,573
LIABILITIES
Total debt payable within one year	2,314	3,356
Long-term debt	11,233	12,575
Debt	13,547	15,931
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member]
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	9,607	9,558
Net investment in operating leases	27,414	26,661
Total assets	161,678	160,594
LIABILITIES
Total debt payable within one year	51,179	48,265
Long-term debt	88,887	89,492
Debt	140,066	137,757
Operating Segments [Member] | Other Segments [Member]
LIABILITIES
Long-term debt	600	599
Debt	$ 600	$ 599

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Par

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Parenthetical) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
ASSETS
Allowance for trade and other receivables	$ 94	$ 412
Common Stock [Member]
EQUITY
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01
Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)	4,000
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	6,000
Class B Stock [Member]
EQUITY
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01
Common Stock, shares issued (in shares)	71
Common Stock, Shares Authorized (in shares)	530

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents	$ 16,907	$ 18,638	$ 16,019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	3,695	7,757	4,600
Depreciation and tooling amortization	9,280	9,122	9,023
Other amortization	(972)	(669)	(306)
Provision for credit and insurance losses	609	717	672
Pension and other postretirement employee benefits (“OPEB”) expense/(income)	400	(608)	2,667
Equity investment (earnings)/losses in excess of dividends received	206	240	(178)
Foreign currency adjustments	529	(403)	283
Gain (Loss) on Investments	(115)	23	(2)
Net (gain)/loss on changes in investments in affiliates	(42)	(7)	(139)
Stock compensation	191	246	210
Net change in wholesale and other receivables	(2,408)	(836)	(1,449)
Provision for deferred income taxes	(197)	(350)	1,473
Decrease/(Increase) in accounts receivable and other assets	(2,239)	(2,297)	(2,855)
Decrease/(Increase) in inventory	(828)	(970)	(803)
Increase/(Decrease) in accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	6,781	6,089	6,595
Other	17	65	57
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities	15,022	18,096	19,850
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital spending	(7,785)	(7,049)	(6,992)
Acquisitions of finance receivables and operating leases	(62,924)	(59,354)	(56,007)
Collections of finance receivables and operating leases	50,880	44,641	38,834
Purchases of marketable and other securities	(17,140)	(27,567)	(31,428)
Sales and maturities of marketable and other securities	20,527	29,898	29,354
Settlements of derivatives	358	100	825
Other	(177)	(29)	112
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities	(16,261)	(19,360)	(25,302)
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash dividends	(2,905)	(2,584)	(3,376)
Purchases of common stock	(164)	(131)	(145)
Net changes in short-term debt	(2,819)	1,229	3,864
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt	50,130	45,801	45,961
Principal payments on long-term debt	(44,172)	(40,770)	(38,797)
Other	(192)	(151)	(107)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	(122)	3,394	7,400
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(370)	489	(265)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect	(1,731)	2,619	$ 1,683
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at December 31 (Note 9)	$ 16,718	$ 18,492

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUIT

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Capital Stock [Member]	Capital in Excess of Par Value of Stock [Member]	Retained Earnings/(Accumulated Deficit) [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Parent [Member]	Equity (Deficit) Attributable to Non-controlling Interests [Member]
Common Stock, Dividends, Per Share, Declared	$ 0.85
Total equity/(deficit) at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 29,223	$ 41	$ 21,421	$ 14,980	$ (6,257)	$ (977)	$ 29,208	$ 15
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	4,600			4,589			4,589	11
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	(757)				(756)		(756)	(1)
Common stock issued (including share-based compensation impacts)	209		209				209
Treasury stock/other	(148)					(145)	(145)	(3)
Cash dividends declared (a)	(3,381)			(3,376)			(3,376)	(5)
Total equity/(deficit) at Dec. 31, 2016	29,746	41	21,630	16,193	(7,013)	(1,122)	29,729	17
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Adoption of accounting standards (Note 3)	$ 572		6	566			572
Common Stock, Dividends, Per Share, Declared	$ 0.65
Net income	$ 7,757			7,731			7,731	26
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	52				54		54	(2)
Common stock issued (including share-based compensation impacts)	207		207				207
Treasury stock/other	(133)					(131)	(131)	(2)
Cash dividends declared (a)	(2,595)			(2,584)			(2,584)	(11)
Total equity/(deficit) at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 35,606	41	21,843	21,906	(6,959)	(1,253)	35,578	28
Common Stock, Dividends, Per Share, Declared	$ 0.73
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	$ 3,695			3,677			3,677	18
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	(407)				(407)		(407)
Common stock issued (including share-based compensation impacts)	163		163				163
Treasury stock/other	(164)					(164)	(164)
Dividends	(2,927)			(2,915)			(2,915)	(12)
Total equity/(deficit) at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 35,966	$ 41	$ 22,006	$ 22,668	$ (7,366)	$ (1,417)	$ 35,932	$ 34

Presentation (Notes)

Presentation (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
PRESENTATION	PRESENTATION For purposes of this report, “Ford,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us,” or similar references mean Ford Motor Company, our consolidated subsidiaries, and our consolidated VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary, unless the context requires otherwise. We also make reference to Ford Motor Credit Company LLC, herein referenced to as Ford Credit. Our financial statements are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Change in Presentation Effective January 1, 2018, we changed our reportable segments to reflect the manner in which we now manage our business. Based on changes to our organization structure and how our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) reviews operating results and makes decisions about resource allocation, we now have three reportable segments that represent the primary businesses reported in our consolidated financial statements: Automotive, Mobility, and Ford Credit. See Note 24 for a description of our segment presentation. Certain Transactions Between Automotive, Mobility, and Ford Credit Intersegment transactions occur in the ordinary course of business. Additional detail regarding certain transactions and the effect on each segment at December 31 was as follows (in billions): 2017 2018 Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Trade and other receivables (a) $ 5.8 $ 6.8 Unearned interest supplements and residual support (b) (6.1 ) (6.8 ) Finance receivables and other (c) 1.9 2.1 Intersegment receivables/(payables) $ (2.7 ) $ (0.1 ) 2.8 $ (1.2 ) $ (1.1 ) 2.3 __________ (a) Automotive receivables (generated primarily from vehicle and parts sales to third parties) sold to Ford Credit. (b) Automotive segment pays amounts to Ford Credit at the point of retail financing or lease origination which represent interest supplements and residual support. (c) Primarily receivables with entities that are consolidated subsidiaries of Ford. Change in Accounting We carry inventory on our consolidated balance sheet that is comprised of finished products, raw materials, work-in-process, and supplies. As of January 1, 2018, we changed our accounting method for U.S. inventories to a first-in, first-out basis from a last-in, first-out basis. We believe this change in accounting method is preferable as it is consistent with how we manage our business, results in a uniform method to value our inventory across all regions in our business, and improves comparability with our peers. The effect of this change was immaterial on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2018 and on our consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the year then ended. We have retrospectively applied this change in accounting method to all prior periods. As of December 31, 2015 , the cumulative effect of the change increased Retained earnings by $566 million . NOTE 1. PRESENTATION (Continued) The effect of this change on our consolidated financial statements for the years ended or at December 31 was as follows (in millions except for per share amounts): 2016 2017 Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Income statement Cost of sales $ 126,183 $ 126,195 $ 12 $ 131,332 $ 131,321 $ (11 ) Income before income taxes 6,796 6,784 (12 ) 8,148 8,159 11 Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes 2,189 2,184 (5 ) 520 402 (118 ) Net income 4,607 4,600 (7 ) 7,628 7,757 129 Net income attributable to Ford Motor Company 4,596 4,589 (7 ) 7,602 7,731 129 Basic earning per share attributable to Ford Motor Company 1.16 1.16 — 1.91 1.94 0.03 Diluted earning per share attributable to Ford Motor Company 1.15 1.15 — 1.90 1.93 0.03 2017 Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Balance sheet Inventories $ 10,277 $ 11,176 $ 899 Deferred income taxes (assets) 10,973 10,762 (211 ) Retained earnings 21,218 21,906 688 2016 2017 Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Cash flows from operating activities Net income $ 4,607 $ 4,600 $ (7 ) $ 7,628 $ 7,757 $ 129 Provision for deferred income taxes 1,478 1,473 (5 ) (232 ) (350 ) (118 ) Decrease/(Increase) in inventory (815 ) (803 ) 12 (959 ) (970 ) (11 ) Argentina In June 2018, Argentina was classified as having a highly inflationary economy due to the three-year cumulative consumer price index exceeding 100% . As a result, we changed the functional currency for our operations in Argentina from the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar as of July 1, 2018.

Summary of Accounting Policies

Summary of Accounting Policies (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]	SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES For each accounting topic that is addressed in its own note, the description of the accounting policy may be found in the related note. Other significant accounting policies are described below. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect our results. Estimates are used to account for certain items such as marketing accruals, warranty costs, employee benefit programs, etc. Estimates are based on assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved with estimates, actual results may differ. NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Foreign Currency We remeasure monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is different than a reporting entity’s functional currency from the transactional currency to the legal entity’s functional currency. The effect of this remeasurement process and the results of our foreign currency hedging activities are reported in Cost of sales and Other income/(loss), net and were $307 million , $307 million , and $(121) million , for the years ended 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. Generally, our foreign subsidiaries use the local currency as their functional currency. We translate the assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries from their respective functional currencies to U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates. Changes in the carrying value of these assets and liabilities attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates are recognized in Foreign currency translation , a component of Other comprehensive income/(Ioss), net of tax. Upon sale or upon complete or substantially complete liquidation of an investment in a foreign subsidiary, the amount of accumulated foreign currency translation related to the entity is reclassified to income and recognized as part of the gain or loss on the investment. Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value due to interest rate, quoted price, or penalty on withdrawal. A debt security is classified as a cash equivalent if it meets these criteria and if it has a remaining time to maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition. Amounts on deposit and available upon demand, or negotiated to provide for daily liquidity without penalty, are classified as Cash and cash equivalents . Time deposits, certificates of deposit, and money market accounts that meet the above criteria are reported at par value on our consolidated balance sheet. Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents that are restricted as to withdrawal or use under the terms of certain contractual agreements are recorded in Other assets in the non-current assets section of our consolidated balance sheet. Our Automotive segment restricted cash balances primarily include various escrow agreements related to legal, insurance, customs, and environmental matters. Our Ford Credit segment restricted cash balances primarily include cash held to meet certain local governmental and regulatory reserve requirements and cash held under the terms of certain contractual agreements. Mobility segment restricted cash balances primarily include cash held under the terms of certain contractual agreements. Restricted cash does not include required minimum balances or cash securing debt issued through securitization transactions. Marketable Securities Investments in securities with a maturity date greater than three months at the date of purchase and other securities for which there is more than an insignificant risk of change in value due to interest rate, quoted price, or penalty on withdrawal are classified as Marketable securities . Realized gains and losses and interest income on all of our marketable securities and unrealized gains and losses on securities not classified as available for sale are recorded in Other income/(loss), net . Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities are recognized in Unrealized gains and losses on securities , a component of Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax . Realized gains and losses and reclassifications of accumulated other comprehensive income into net income are measured using the specific identification method. On a quarterly basis, we review our available for sale securities for impairment. If we conclude that any of these investments are impaired, we determine whether such impairment is other-than-temporary. Factors we consider to make such determination include the duration and severity of the impairment, the reason for the decline in value, and the potential recovery period and our intent to sell. If any impairment is considered other-than-temporary, we will write down the asset to its fair value and record the corresponding charge in Other income/(loss), net . NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Trade Receivables Trade and other receivables consists primarily of Automotive segment receivables from contracts with customers for the sale of vehicles, parts, and accessories. Trade receivables initially are recorded at the transaction amount and are typically outstanding for less than 30 days. Each reporting period, we evaluate the collectability of the receivables and record an allowance for doubtful accounts representing our estimate of the probable losses. Additions to the allowance for doubtful accounts are made by recording charges to bad debt expense reported in Selling, administrative, and other expenses. Net Intangible Assets and Goodwill Indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate the assets may be impaired. Goodwill impairment testing is also performed following an allocation of goodwill to a business to be disposed or a change in reporting units. We test for impairment by assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset or the reporting unit allocated the goodwill is less than its carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment indicates a possible impairment, the carrying value of the asset or reporting unit is compared with its fair value. Fair value is measured relying primarily on the income approach by applying a discounted cash flow method. We capitalize and amortize our finite-lived intangible assets over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets are comprised primarily of licensing and advertising agreements, land rights, patents, customer contracts, and technology. The net carrying amount of our intangible assets was $213 million and $178 million at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. For the periods presented, we have not recorded any impairments for indefinite-lived intangible assets. The net carrying amount of goodwill was $75 million and $264 million at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. In 2018 , Mobility completed the acquisition of Autonomic, TransLoc, and Skinny Labs (Spin) which resulted in $230 million of goodwill. In addition, Chariot goodwill of $40 million was fully impaired during the fourth quarter of 2018 as a result of the decision to cease operations. The carrying amount of intangible assets and goodwill is reported in Other assets in the non-current asset section of our consolidated balance sheet. Long-Lived Asset Impairment We test long-lived asset groups for recoverability when changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Events that trigger a test for recoverability include material adverse changes in projected revenues and expenses, significant underperformance relative to historical and projected future operating results, significant negative industry or economic trends, and a significant adverse change in the manner in which an asset group is used or in its physical condition. When a triggering event occurs, a test for recoverability is performed, comparing projected undiscounted future cash flows to the carrying value of the asset group. If the test for recoverability identifies a possible impairment, the asset group’s fair value is measured relying primarily on a discounted cash flow method. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. When an impairment loss is recognized for assets to be held and used, the adjusted carrying amount of those assets is depreciated over their remaining useful life. For the periods presented, we have not recorded any impairments. NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Fair Value Measurements We measure fair value of our financial instruments including those held within our pension plans using various valuation methods and prioritize the use of observable inputs. The use of observable and unobservable inputs and their significance in measuring fair value are reflected in our fair value hierarchy. • Level 1 - inputs include quoted prices for identical instruments and are the most observable • Level 2 - inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments and observable inputs such as interest rates, currency exchange rates, and yield curves • Level 3 - inputs include data not observable in the market and reflect management judgment about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the instruments Fixed income securities, equities, commingled funds, derivative financial instruments, and alternative assets are remeasured and presented within our financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis. Finance receivables and debt are measured at fair value for the purpose of disclosure. Other assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Transfers into and transfers out of the hierarchy levels are recognized as if they had taken place at the end of the reporting period. Valuation Method Fixed Income Securities . Fixed income securities primarily include government securities, government agency securities, corporate bonds, and asset-backed securities. We generally measure the fair value using prices obtained from pricing services or quotes from dealers that make markets in such securities. Pricing methods and inputs to valuation models used by the pricing services depend on the security type (i.e., asset class). Where possible, fair values are generated using market inputs including quoted prices (the closing price in an exchange market), bid prices (the price at which a buyer stands ready to purchase), and other market information. For fixed income securities that are not actively traded, the pricing services use alternative methods to determine fair value for the securities, including quotes for similar fixed-income securities, matrix pricing, discounted cash flow using benchmark curves, or other factors. In certain cases, when market data is not available, we may use broker quotes or pricing services that use proprietary pricing models to determine fair value. The proprietary models incorporate unobservable inputs primarily consisting of prepayment curves, discount rates, default assumptions, recovery rates, yield assumptions, and credit spread assumptions. An annual review is performed on the security prices received from our pricing services, which includes discussion and analysis of the inputs used by the pricing services to value our securities. The price of certain securities sold close to the quarter end are also compared to the price of the same security at the balance sheet date to ensure the reported fair value is reasonable. Equities. Equity securities are primarily exchange-traded and are valued based on the closing bid, official close, or last trade pricing on an active exchange. If closing prices are not available, securities are valued at the last quoted bid price or may be valued using the last available price. Securities that are thinly traded or delisted are valued using unobservable pricing data. Commingled Funds. Fixed income and public equity securities may each be combined into commingled fund investments. Most commingled funds are valued to reflect our interest in the fund based on the reported year-end net asset value (“NAV”). NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Derivative Financial Instruments. Exchange-traded derivatives for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last reported sale price or official closing price as reported by an independent pricing service on the primary market or exchange on which they are traded. Over-the-counter derivatives are not exchange traded and are valued using independent pricing services or industry-standard valuation models such as a discounted cash flow. When discounted cash flow models are used, projected future cash flows are discounted to a present value using market-based expectations for interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, and the contractual terms of the derivative instruments. The discount rate used is the relevant interbank deposit rate (e.g., LIBOR) plus an adjustment for non-performance risk. The adjustment reflects the full credit default swap (“CDS”) spread applied to a net exposure, by counterparty, considering the master netting agreements and any posted collateral. We use our counterparty’s CDS spread when we are in a net asset position and our own CDS spread when we are in a net liability position. In cases where market data is not available we use broker quotes and models (e.g., Black-Scholes) to determine fair value. This includes situations where there is lack of liquidity for a particular currency or commodity, or when the instrument is longer dated. Alternative Assets. Hedge funds generally hold liquid and readily-priced securities, such as public equities, exchange-traded derivatives, and corporate bonds. Private equity and real estate investments are less liquid. External investment managers typically report valuations reflecting initial cost or updated appraisals, which are adjusted for cash flows, and realized and unrealized gains/losses. All alternative assets are valued at the NAV provided by the investment sponsor or third party administrator, as they do not have readily-available market quotations. Valuations may be lagged up to 6 months. The NAV will be adjusted for cash flows (additional investments or contributions, and distributions) through year-end. We may make further adjustments for any known substantive valuation changes not reflected in the NAV. The Ford-Werke GmbH (“Ford-Werke”) defined benefit plan is primarily funded through a group insurance contract (see Note 17 ). We measure the fair value of the insurance asset by projecting expected future cash flows from the contract and discounting them to present value based on current market rates including an assessment for non-performance risk of the insurance company. The assumptions used to project expected future cash flows are based on actuarial estimates and are unobservable; therefore, the contract is categorized within Level 3 of the hierarchy. Finance Receivables. We measure finance receivables at fair value using internal valuation models (see Note 10 ). These models project future cash flows of financing contracts based on scheduled contract payments (including principal and interest). The projected cash flows are discounted to present value based on assumptions regarding credit losses, pre-payment speed, and applicable spreads to approximate current rates. Our assumptions regarding pre-payment speed and credit losses are based on historical performance. The fair value of finance receivables is categorized within Level 3 of the hierarchy. On a nonrecurring basis, we also measure at fair value retail contracts greater than 120 days past due or deemed to be uncollectible, and individual dealer loans probable of foreclosure. We use the fair value of collateral, adjusted for estimated costs to sell, to determine the fair value of our receivables. The collateral for a retail receivable is the vehicle financed, and for dealer loans is real estate or other property. The fair value of collateral for retail receivables is calculated by multiplying the outstanding receivable balances by the average recovery value percentage. The fair value of collateral for dealer loans is determined by reviewing various appraisals, which include total adjusted appraised value of land and improvements, alternate use appraised value, broker’s opinion of value, and purchase offers. Debt. We measure debt at fair value using quoted prices for our own debt with approximately the same remaining maturities (see Note 18 ). Where quoted prices are not available, we estimate fair value using discounted cash flows and market-based expectations for interest rates, credit risk, and the contractual terms of the debt instruments. For certain short-term debt with an original maturity date of one year or less, we assume that book value is a reasonable approximation of the debt’s fair value. The fair value of debt is categorized within Level 2 of the hierarchy. NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Employee Separation Actions and Exit and Disposal Activities We record costs associated with voluntary separations at the time of employee acceptance, unless the acceptance requires explicit approval by the Company. We record costs associated with involuntary separation programs when management has approved the plan for separation, the affected employees are identified, and it is unlikely that actions required to complete the separation plan will change significantly. When a plan of separation requires approval by or consultation with the relevant labor organization or government, the costs are recorded after the required approval or consultation process is complete. Costs associated with benefits that are contingent on the employee continuing to provide service are accrued over the required service period. Additionally, under certain labor agreements, we are required to pay transitional benefits to our employees who are idled. For employees who are temporarily idled, we expense the benefits on an as-incurred basis. For employees who are permanently idled, we expense all of the expected future benefit payments in the period when it is probable that the employees will be permanently idled. Our accrual for these future benefit payments to permanently idled employees takes into account several factors: the demographics of the population at each affected facility, redeployment alternatives, estimate of benefits to be paid, and recent experience relative to voluntary redeployments. Finance and Lease Incentives We offer special financing and lease incentives to customers who choose to finance or lease Ford or Lincoln vehicles with Ford Credit. The cost for these incentives is included in our estimate of variable consideration when the vehicle is sold to the dealer. Ford Credit records a reduction to the finance receivable or reduces the cost of the vehicle operating lease when it records the underlying finance contract and we transfer to it the amount of the incentive on behalf of the dealer’s customer. See Note 1 for additional information regarding transactions between Automotive and Ford Credit. The Ford Credit segment recognized interest revenue of $1.6 billion , $2 billion , and $2.4 billion in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, and lower depreciation of $1.9 billion , $2.1 billion , and $2.4 billion in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, associated with these incentives. Supplier Price Adjustments We frequently negotiate price adjustments with our suppliers throughout a production cycle, even after receiving production material. These price adjustments relate to changes in design specification or other commercial terms such as economics, productivity, and competitive pricing. We recognize price adjustments when we reach final agreement with our suppliers. In general, we avoid direct price changes in consideration of future business; however, when these occur, our policy is to defer the financial statement impact of any such price change given explicitly in consideration of future business where guaranteed volumes are specified. Government Incentives We receive incentives from U.S. and non-U.S. governmental entities in the form of tax rebates or credits, grants, and loans. Government incentives are recorded in the financial statements in accordance with their purpose as a reduction of expense, a reduction of the cost of the capital investment, or other income. The benefit is recorded when all conditions attached to the incentive have been met and there is reasonable assurance of receipt. Selected Other Costs Engineering, research, and development expenses, primarily salaries, materials, and associated costs, are reported in Cost of sales ; advertising costs are reported in Selling, administrative, and other expenses . Engineering, research, and development costs are expensed as incurred when performed internally or when performed by a supplier if we guarantee reimbursement. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Engineering, research, development, and advertising expenses for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in billions): 2016 2017 2018 Engineering, research, and development $ 7.3 $ 8.0 $ 8.2 Advertising 4.3 4.1 4.0

New Accounting Standards New Ac

New Accounting Standards New Accounting Standards (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Abstract]
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS	NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS Adoption of New Accounting Standards Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging. On January 1, 2018, we adopted the amendments to Accounting Standards Codification 815 which aligns hedge accounting with risk management activities and simplifies the requirements to qualify for hedge accounting. Adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements. We continue to assess opportunities enabled by the new standard to expand our risk management strategies. ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. On January 1, 2018, we adopted ASU 2016-01 and the related amendments. This standard amends various aspects of the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. We adopted the measurement alternative for equity investments without readily determinable fair values (often referred to as cost method investments) on a prospective basis. As a result, these investments will be revalued upon occurrence of an observable price change for similar investments and for impairments. We anticipate adoption may increase the volatility on our consolidated income statement. We also adopted the following ASUs during 2018 , none of which had a material impact to our financial statements or financial statement disclosures: ASU Effective Date 2017-08 Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs - Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities January 1, 2018 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows - Restricted Cash January 1, 2018 2016-16 Income Taxes - Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory January 1, 2018 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments January 1, 2018 Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted The following represent the standards that will, or are expected to, result in a significant change in practice and/or have a significant financial impact to Ford. ASU 2016-13, Credit Losses - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments . In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a new accounting standard which replaces the current incurred loss impairment method with a method that reflects expected credit losses. We plan to adopt the new standard and the related amendments on its effective date of January 1, 2020, by recognizing the cumulative effect of initially applying the new standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of Retained earnings . We anticipate adoption will increase the amount of expected credit losses reported in Ford Credit finance receivables, net on our consolidated balance sheet and do not expect a material impact to our consolidated income statement. ASU 2016-02, Leases . In February 2016, the FASB issued a new accounting standard which provides guidance on the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leases. The new standard supersedes the present U.S. GAAP standard on leases and requires substantially all leases to be reported on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets and lease obligations. We will adopt the new standard and the related amendments on its effective date of January 1, 2019. We anticipate adoption of the standard will add approximately $1.3 billion in right-of-use assets and lease obligations to our consolidated balance sheet and will not significantly impact retained earnings. We will elect the practical expedients upon transition that will retain the lease classification and initial direct costs for any leases that exist prior to adoption of the standard. We will not reassess whether any contracts entered into prior to adoption are leases.

Revenue Revenue (Notes)

Revenue Revenue (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
REVENUE	REVENUE The following tables disaggregate our revenue by major source for the years ended December 31 (in millions): 2017 Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Vehicles, parts, and accessories $ 140,171 $ — $ — $ 140,171 Used vehicles 2,956 — — 2,956 Extended service contracts 1,236 — — 1,236 Other revenue 815 10 219 1,044 Revenues from sales and services 145,178 10 219 145,407 Leasing income 475 — 5,552 6,027 Financing income — — 5,184 5,184 Insurance income — — 158 158 Total revenues $ 145,653 $ 10 $ 11,113 $ 156,776 2018 Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Vehicles, parts, and accessories $ 142,532 $ — $ — $ 142,532 Used vehicles 3,022 — — 3,022 Extended service contracts 1,323 — — 1,323 Other revenue 879 26 218 1,123 Revenues from sales and services 147,756 26 218 148,000 Leasing income 538 — 5,795 6,333 Financing income — — 5,841 5,841 Insurance income — — 164 164 Total revenues $ 148,294 $ 26 $ 12,018 $ 160,338 Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with our customer are satisfied; generally this occurs with the transfer of control of our vehicles, parts, accessories, or services. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Sales, value add, and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expense. The expected costs associated with our base warranties and field service actions continue to be recognized as expense when the products are sold (see Note 23 ). We recognize revenue for vehicle service contracts that extend mechanical and maintenance coverages beyond our base warranties over the life of the contract. We do not have any material significant payment terms as payment is received at or shortly after the point of sale. Automotive Segment Vehicles, Parts, and Accessories. For the majority of vehicles, parts, and accessories, we transfer control and recognize a sale when we ship the product from our manufacturing facility to our customer (dealers and distributors). We receive cash equal to the invoice price for most vehicle sales at the time of wholesale. When the vehicle sale is financed by our wholly-owned subsidiary Ford Credit, the dealer pays Ford Credit when it sells the vehicle to the retail customer (see Note 10 ). Payment terms on part sales to dealers, distributors, and retailers range from 30 to 120 days. The amount of consideration we receive and revenue we recognize varies with changes in marketing incentives and returns we offer to our customers and their customers. When we give our dealers the right to return eligible parts and accessories, we estimate the expected returns based on an analysis of historical experience. We adjust our estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration we expect to receive changes or when the consideration becomes fixed. During 2017 and 2018 , we recorded a decrease to revenue of $887 million and $ 903 million related to sales recognized in 2016 and 2017 , respectively. NOTE 4. REVENUE (Continued) Depending on the terms of the arrangement, we may also defer the recognition of a portion of the consideration received because we have to satisfy a future obligation (e.g., free extended service contracts). We use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations or a cost plus margin approach when one is not available. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over vehicles, parts, or accessories have transferred to the customer as an expense in Cost of sales . We sell vehicles to daily rental companies and guarantee that we will pay them the difference between an agreed amount and the value they are able to realize upon resale. At the time of transfer of vehicles to the daily rental companies, we record the probable amount we will pay under the guarantee to Other liabilities and deferred revenue. Used Vehicles. We sell used vehicles both at auction and through our consolidated dealerships. Proceeds from the sale of these vehicles are recognized in Automotive revenues upon transfer of control of the vehicle to the customer and the related vehicle carrying value is recognized in Cost of sales . Extended Service Contracts. We sell separately priced service contracts that extend mechanical and maintenance coverages beyond our base warranty agreements to vehicle owners. The separately priced service contracts range from 12 to 120 months . We receive payment at contract inception and recognize revenue over the term of the agreement in proportion to the costs we expect to incur in satisfying the contract obligations. At January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017 , $3.5 billion and $3.8 billion , respectively, of unearned revenue associated with outstanding contracts was reported in Other liabilities and deferred revenue. We recognized $1 billion and $1.1 billion of the unearned amounts as revenue during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. At December 31, 2018 , the unearned amount was $4 billion . We expect to recognize approximately $1.2 billion of the unearned amount in 2019 , $1.1 billion in 2020 , and $1.7 billion thereafter. We record a premium deficiency reserve to the extent we estimate the future costs associated with these contracts exceed the unrecognized revenue. Amounts paid to dealers to obtain these contracts are deferred and recorded as Other assets . These costs are amortized to expense consistent with how the related revenue is recognized. We had a balance of $232 million and $247 million in deferred costs as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively, and recognized $63 million and $73 million of amortization during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. Other Revenue. Other revenue consists primarily of net commissions received for serving as the agent in facilitating the sale of a third party’s products or services to our customers, payments for vehicle - related design and testing services we perform for others, and revenue associated with various Mobility operations. We have applied the practical expedient to recognize Automotive revenues for vehicle-related design and testing services over the two to three year term of these agreements in proportion to the amount we have the right to invoice. Leasing Income. We sell vehicles to daily rental companies with an obligation to repurchase the vehicles for a guaranteed amount, exercisable at the option of the customer. The transactions are accounted for as operating leases. Upon the transfer of vehicles to the daily rental companies, we record proceeds received in Other liabilities and deferred revenue. The difference between the proceeds received and the guaranteed repurchase amount is recorded in Automotive revenues over the term of the lease using a straight-line method. The cost of the vehicle is recorded in Net investment in operating leases on our consolidated balance sheet and the difference between the cost of the vehicle and the estimated auction value is depreciated in Cost of sales over the term of the lease. Ford Credit Segment Leasing Income. Ford Credit offers leasing plans to retail consumers through Ford and Lincoln brand dealers who originate the leases. Ford Credit records an operating lease upon purchase of a vehicle subject to a lease from the dealer. The retail consumer makes lease payments representing the difference between Ford Credit’s purchase price of the vehicle and the contractual residual value of the vehicle, plus lease fees that we recognize on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease agreement. Depreciation and the gain or loss upon disposition of the vehicle is recorded in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses . NOTE 4. REVENUE (Continued) Financing Income. Ford Credit originates and purchases finance installment contracts. Financing income represents interest earned on the finance receivables (including direct financing leases). Interest is recognized using the interest method and includes the amortization of certain direct origination costs. Insurance Income. Income from insurance contracts is recognized evenly over the term of the agreement. Insurance commission revenue is recognized on a net basis at the time of sale of the third party’s product or service to our customer.

Other Income (Loss) (Notes)

Other Income (Loss) (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
OTHER INCOME/(LOSS)	OTHER INCOME/(LOSS) The amounts included in Other income/(loss), net for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Net periodic pension and OPEB income/(cost), excluding service cost $ (1,625 ) $ 1,757 $ 786 Investment-related interest income 291 459 667 Interest income/(expense) on income taxes 3 2 33 Realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on cash equivalents, marketable securities, and other securities 2 (23 ) 115 Gains/(Losses) on changes in investments in affiliates 139 14 42 Royalty income 714 678 491 Insurance premiums earned 156 — — Other 489 380 113 Total $ 169 $ 3,267 $ 2,247

Share-Based Compensation

Share-Based Compensation	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation [Abstract]
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]	SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION Under our Long-Term Incentive Plans, we may issue restricted stock units (“RSUs”), restricted stock shares (“RSSs”), and stock options. RSUs and RSSs consist of time-based and performance-based awards. The number of shares that may be granted in any year is limited to 2% of our issued and outstanding Common Stock as of December 31 of the prior calendar year. The limit may be increased up to 3% in any year, with a corresponding reduction in shares available for grants in future years. Granted RSUs generally cliff vest or ratably vest over a three -year service period. Performance-based RSUs have two components: one based on internal financial performance metrics, and the other based on total shareholder return relative to an industrial and automotive peer group . At the time of vest, RSU awards are net settled (shares are withheld to cover the employee tax obligation). The fair value of both the time-based and the internal performance metrics portion of the performance-based RSUs and RSSs is determined using the closing price of our Common Stock at grant date . The weighted average per unit grant date fair value for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 was $13.54 , $12.37 , and $9.89 , respectively. The fair value of time-based RSUs and RSSs is expensed over the shorter of the vesting period, using the graded vesting method , or the time period an employee becomes eligible to retain the award at retirement. The fair value of performance-based RSUs and RSSs is expensed when it is probable and estimable as measured against the performance metrics over the shorter of the performance or required service periods . We have elected to recognize forfeitures as an adjustment to compensation expense for all RSUs and RSSs in the same period as the forfeitures occur. Expense is recorded in Selling, administrative, and other expenses . The fair value of vested RSUs and RSSs as well as the compensation cost for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Fair value of vested shares $ 157 $ 175 $ 187 Compensation cost (a) 135 193 162 __________ (a) Net of tax benefit of $72 million , $52 million , and $29 million in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. NOTE 6. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Continued) As of December 31, 2018 , there was approximately $146 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested RSUs and RSSs. This expense will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years . The performance-based RSUs granted in March 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 include a relative Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) metric. We estimate the fair value of the TSR component of the performance-based RSUs using a Monte Carlo simulation. Inputs and assumptions used to calculate the fair value at grant date were as follows: 2016 2017 2018 Fair value per stock award $ 15.56 $ 12.44 $ 9.03 Grant date stock price 13.54 12.66 10.40 Assumptions: Ford’s stock price expected volatility (a) 23.1 % 23.4 % 22.9 % Expected average volatility of peer companies (a) 26.4 26.0 25.4 Risk-free interest rate 0.98 1.57 2.46 Dividend yield 4.43 4.74 5.00 __________ (a) Expected volatility based on three years of daily closing share price changes ending on the grant date. During 2018 , activity for RSUs and RSSs was as follows (in millions, except for weighted average fair value): Shares Weighted- Average Fair Value Outstanding, beginning of year 44.4 $ 13.32 Granted 37.7 9.89 Vested (13.7 ) 13.68 Forfeited (4.3 ) 13.85 Outstanding, end of year 64.1 10.80 The table above also includes shares awarded to non-employee directors. At December 31, 2018 , there were 684,461 shares vested, but unissued. Stock Options As of March 31, 2017, all of our outstanding stock options were fully vested. The last of our outstanding stock options will expire in July 2024, if not exercised sooner. We measure the fair value of our stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and record expense in Selling, administrative, and other expenses .

Income Taxes (Notes)

Income Taxes (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
INCOME TAXES	INCOME TAXES We recognize income tax-related penalties in the Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes on our consolidated income statement. We recognize income tax-related interest income and interest expense in Other income/(loss), net on our consolidated income statement. We account for U.S. tax on global intangible low-tax income in the period incurred. Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences that exist between the financial statement carrying value of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards on a taxing jurisdiction basis. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates that will apply in the years in which we expect the temporary differences to be recovered or paid. NOTE 7. INCOME TAXES (Continued) Our accounting for deferred tax consequences represents our best estimate of the likely future tax consequences of events that have been recognized on our financial statements or tax returns and their future probability. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of the deferred tax assets. If, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized, we record a valuation allowance. Components of Income Taxes Components of income taxes excluding cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles, other comprehensive income, and equity in net results of affiliated companies accounted for after-tax, for the years ended December 31 were as follows: 2016 2017 2018 Income before income taxes (in millions) U.S. $ 5,254 $ 4,861 $ 2,051 Non-U.S. 1,530 3,298 2,294 Total $ 6,784 $ 8,159 $ 4,345 Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes (in millions) Current Federal $ (122 ) $ (125 ) $ 75 Non-U.S. 630 868 690 State and local 12 85 (6 ) Total current 520 828 759 Deferred Federal 1,318 (1,214 ) (360 ) Non-U.S. 121 593 239 State and local 225 195 12 Total deferred 1,664 (426 ) (109 ) Total $ 2,184 $ 402 $ 650 Reconciliation of effective tax rate U.S. statutory rate 35.0 % 35.0 % 21.0 % Non-U.S. tax rates under U.S. rates (1.0 ) (4.9 ) (1.2 ) State and local income taxes 2.3 2.2 2.0 General business credits (3.1 ) (3.6 ) (9.2 ) Dispositions and restructurings 7.4 (11.7 ) 4.6 U.S. tax on non-U.S. earnings (5.6 ) (7.0 ) 8.1 Prior year settlements and claims — (0.2 ) 1.1 Tax-exempt income (0.9 ) — — Enacted change in tax laws (4.2 ) (8.2 ) (3.0 ) Valuation allowances 2.7 5.6 (9.6 ) Other (0.4 ) (2.3 ) 1.2 Effective rate 32.2 % 4.9 % 15.0 % On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (H.R. 1) was signed into law. This act includes, among other items, a permanent reduction to the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018, and requires immediate taxation of accumulated, unremitted non-U.S. earnings. As a result, at December 31, 2017, we recognized a tax benefit of $739 million from revaluing U.S. net deferred tax liabilities and tax expense of $219 million to record U.S. tax on unremitted non-U.S. earnings. Our 2018 tax provision includes an additional benefit of $123 million reflecting updates to the impact of the act on our global operations. Our 2016 tax provision includes a $300 million benefit for the recognition of deferred taxes resulting from a 2016 change in U.S. tax law related to the taxation of foreign currency gains and losses for our non-U.S. branch operations. NOTE 7. INCOME TAXES (Continued) At December 31, 2018 , $8.8 billion of non-U.S. earnings are considered indefinitely reinvested in operations outside the United States, for which deferred taxes have not been provided. Repatriation of these earnings in their entirety would result in incremental tax liability of about $300 million . Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Deferred tax assets Employee benefit plans $ 5,293 $ 4,039 Net operating loss carryforwards 2,235 1,825 Tax credit carryforwards 9,122 9,199 Research expenditures 577 437 Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims 1,442 1,552 Other foreign deferred tax assets 430 648 All other 1,591 1,765 Total gross deferred tax assets 20,690 19,465 Less: valuation allowances (1,492 ) (973 ) Total net deferred tax assets 19,198 18,492 Deferred tax liabilities Leasing transactions 4,049 3,215 Deferred income 253 — Depreciation and amortization (excluding leasing transactions) 2,646 2,865 Finance receivables 523 639 Other foreign deferred tax liabilities 842 948 All other 938 1,010 Total deferred tax liabilities 9,251 8,677 Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) $ 9,947 $ 9,815 At December 31, 2018 , we have a valuation allowance of $1 billion primarily related to deferred tax assets in various non-U.S. operations. Deferred tax assets for net operating losses and other temporary differences related to certain non-U.S. operations have not been recorded as a result of elections to tax these operations simultaneously in U.S. tax returns. Reversal of these elections would result in the recognition of $8.5 billion of deferred tax assets, subject to valuation allowance testing. Operating loss carryforwards for tax purposes were $4.8 billion at December 31, 2018 , resulting in a deferred tax asset of $1.8 billion . There is no expiration date for $3.6 billion of these losses. A substantial portion of the remaining losses will expire beyond 2022. Tax credits available to offset future tax liabilities are $9.2 billion . Approximately half of these credits have a remaining carryforward period of five years or more. Tax benefits of operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are evaluated on an ongoing basis, including a review of historical and projected future operating results, the eligible carryforward period, and available tax planning strategies. NOTE 7. INCOME TAXES (Continued) Other A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Beginning balance $ 1,586 $ 2,063 Increase – tax positions in prior periods 716 90 Increase – tax positions in current period 44 45 Decrease – tax positions in prior periods (22 ) (133 ) Settlements (263 ) — Lapse of statute of limitations (10 ) — Foreign currency translation adjustment 12 (18 ) Ending balance $ 2,063 $ 2,047 The amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate if recognized was $2 billion at both December 31, 2017 and 2018 . Examinations by tax authorities have been completed through 2004 in Germany, 2011 in Canada, 2011 in the United States, and 2014 in China and the United Kingdom. Although examinations have been completed in these jurisdictions, limited transfer pricing disputes exist for years dating back to 2005. Net interest income on income taxes was $3 million , $2 million , and $33 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. These were reported in Other income/(loss), net in our consolidated income statement. Net payables for tax related interest were $70 million and $29 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. We paid income taxes of $740 million , $586 million , and $821 million in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively.

Capital Stock and Earnings Per

Capital Stock and Earnings Per Share (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
CAPITAL STOCK AND EARNINGS PER SHARE	CAPITAL STOCK AND EARNINGS PER SHARE All general voting power is vested in the holders of Common Stock and Class B Stock. Holders of our Common Stock have 60% of the general voting power and holders of our Class B Stock are entitled to such number of votes per share as will give them the remaining 40% . Shares of Common Stock and Class B Stock share equally in dividends when and as paid, with stock dividends payable in shares of stock of the class held. If liquidated, each share of Common Stock is entitled to the first $0.50 available for distribution to holders of Common Stock and Class B Stock, each share of Class B Stock is entitled to the next $1.00 so available, each share of Common Stock is entitled to the next $0.50 so available, and each share of Common and Class B Stock is entitled to an equal amount thereafter. We present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) amounts in our financial reporting. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to Common and Class B Stock holders by the weighted-average number of Common and Class B Stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the maximum potential dilution that could occur from our share-based compensation, including “in-the-money” stock options, unvested restricted stock units, and unvested restricted stock shares. Potentially dilutive shares are excluded from the calculation if they have an anti-dilutive effect in the period. Earnings Per Share Attributable to Ford Motor Company Common and Class B Stock Basic and diluted income per share were calculated using the following (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Basic and Diluted Income Attributable to Ford Motor Company Basic income $ 4,589 $ 7,731 $ 3,677 Diluted income 4,589 7,731 3,677 Basic and Diluted Shares Basic shares (average shares outstanding) 3,973 3,975 3,974 Net dilutive options, unvested restricted stock units, and unvested restricted stock shares 26 23 24 Diluted shares 3,999 3,998 3,998

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Mar

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES	CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES The fair values of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in millions): December 31, 2017 Fair Value Level Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Cash and cash equivalents U.S. government 1 $ 913 $ — $ — $ 913 U.S. government agencies 2 433 — 300 733 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 — — 703 703 Corporate debt 2 55 — 25 80 Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents 1,401 — 1,028 2,429 Cash, time deposits, and money market funds 7,529 4 8,530 16,063 Total cash and cash equivalents $ 8,930 $ 4 $ 9,558 $ 18,492 Marketable securities U.S. government 1 $ 5,580 $ — $ 966 $ 6,546 U.S. government agencies 2 2,484 — 384 2,868 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 5,270 — 660 5,930 Corporate debt 2 4,031 — 848 4,879 Equities (a) 1 138 — — 138 Other marketable securities 2 51 — 23 74 Total marketable securities $ 17,554 $ — $ 2,881 $ 20,435 Restricted Cash $ 15 $ 7 $ 124 $ 146 December 31, 2018 Fair Value Level Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Cash and cash equivalents U.S. government 1 $ 220 $ — $ 139 $ 359 U.S. government agencies 2 496 — 25 521 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 169 — 114 283 Corporate debt 2 174 — 884 1,058 Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents 1,059 — 1,162 2,221 Cash, time deposits, and money market funds 5,999 53 8,445 14,497 Total cash and cash equivalents $ 7,058 $ 53 $ 9,607 $ 16,718 Marketable securities U.S. government 1 $ 3,014 $ — $ 289 $ 3,303 U.S. government agencies 2 1,953 — 65 2,018 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 4,674 — 610 5,284 Corporate debt 2 5,614 — 198 5,812 Equities (a) 1 424 — — 424 Other marketable securities 2 246 — 146 392 Total marketable securities $ 15,925 $ — $ 1,308 $ 17,233 Restricted Cash $ 16 $ 33 $ 140 $ 189 __________ (a) Net unrealized gains/losses on equities were a $27 million loss and a $25 million gain at December 31, 2017 and 2018, respectively. NOTE 9. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES (Continued) The cash equivalents and marketable securities accounted for as available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities were as follows (in millions): December 31, 2017 Fair Value of Securities with Contractual Maturities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Within 1 Year After 1 Year through 5 Years After 5 Years Automotive U.S. government $ 3,669 $ — $ (18 ) $ 3,651 $ 1,377 $ 2,274 $ — U.S. government agencies 1,915 — (15 ) 1,900 265 1,620 15 Non-U.S. government and agencies 4,021 — (28 ) 3,993 197 3,771 25 Corporate debt 1,716 1 (8 ) 1,709 194 1,509 6 Other marketable securities 17 — — 17 — 16 1 Total $ 11,338 $ 1 $ (69 ) $ 11,270 $ 2,033 $ 9,190 $ 47 December 31, 2018 Fair Value of Securities with Contractual Maturities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Within 1 Year After 1 Year through 5 Years After 5 Years Automotive U.S. government $ 2,933 $ 5 $ (10 ) $ 2,928 $ 1,714 $ 1,214 $ — U.S. government agencies 1,920 — (18 ) 1,902 797 1,087 18 Non-U.S. government and agencies 3,841 4 (37 ) 3,808 194 3,614 — Corporate debt 4,010 3 (33 ) 3,980 1,148 2,830 2 Other marketable securities 207 — — 207 1 134 72 Total $ 12,911 $ 12 $ (98 ) $ 12,825 $ 3,854 $ 8,879 $ 92 Sales proceeds and gross realized gains/losses from the sale of AFS debt securities for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Automotive Sales proceeds $ 69 $ 3,315 $ 5,512 Gross realized gains 1 3 1 Gross realized losses — 8 21 NOTE 9. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES (Continued) The present fair values and gross unrealized losses for cash equivalents and marketable securities accounted for as AFS securities that were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, were as follows (in millions): December 31, 2017 Less than 1 year 1 Year or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Automotive U.S. government $ 2,382 $ (9 ) $ 903 $ (9 ) $ 3,285 $ (18 ) U.S. government agencies 1,625 (12 ) 260 (3 ) 1,885 (15 ) Non-U.S. government and agencies 3,148 (20 ) 510 (8 ) 3,658 (28 ) Corporate debt 1,396 (8 ) — — 1,396 (8 ) Total $ 8,551 $ (49 ) $ 1,673 $ (20 ) $ 10,224 $ (69 ) December 31, 2018 Less than 1 year 1 Year or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Automotive U.S. government $ 199 $ (1 ) $ 1,637 $ (9 ) $ 1,836 $ (10 ) U.S. government agencies 193 (1 ) 1,596 (17 ) 1,789 (18 ) Non-U.S. government and agencies 341 (1 ) 2,445 (36 ) 2,786 (37 ) Corporate debt 1,816 (16 ) 856 (17 ) 2,672 (33 ) Other marketable securities 125 — — — 125 — Total $ 2,674 $ (19 ) $ 6,534 $ (79 ) $ 9,208 $ (98 ) During the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , we did not recognize any other-than-temporary impairment loss. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported in the consolidated statement of cash flows were as follows (in millions): December 31, December 31, Cash and cash equivalents $ 18,492 $ 16,718 Restricted cash (a) 146 189 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $ 18,638 $ 16,907 __________ (a) Included in Other assets in the non-current assets section of our consolidated balance sheet. Other Securities We have investments in entities for which we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence and fair values are not readily available. We have elected to record these investments at cost (less impairment, if any), adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. We report the carrying value of these investments in Other assets in the non-current assets section of our consolidated balance sheet. These investments were $363 million and $250 million at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. In 2018, there were no material adjustments to the fair values of these investments held at December 31, 2018 .

Financial Services Finance Rece

Financial Services Finance Receivables (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]
FINANCE RECEIVABLES	FORD CREDIT FINANCE RECEIVABLES Ford Credit manages finance receivables as “consumer” and “non-consumer” portfolios. The receivables are generally secured by the vehicles, inventory, or other property being financed. Finance receivables are recorded at time of origination or purchase at fair value and are subsequently reported at amortized cost, net of any allowance for credit losses. Consumer Portfolio. Receivables in this portfolio include products offered to individuals and businesses that finance the acquisition of Ford and Lincoln vehicles from dealers for personal or commercial use. Retail financing includes retail installment contracts for new and used vehicles and direct financing leases with retail customers, government entities, daily rental companies, and fleet customers. Non-Consumer Portfolio. Receivables in this portfolio include products offered to automotive dealers. Dealer financing includes wholesale loans to dealers to finance the purchase of vehicle inventory, also known as floorplan financing, as well as loans to dealers to finance working capital and improvements to dealership facilities, finance the purchase of dealership real estate, and finance other dealer programs. Wholesale financing is approximately 93% of our dealer financing. Finance receivables, net at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Consumer Retail financing, gross $ 78,331 $ 79,622 Unearned interest supplements (3,280 ) (3,508 ) Consumer finance receivables 75,051 76,114 Non-Consumer Dealer financing 33,938 34,372 Non-Consumer finance receivables 33,938 34,372 Total recorded investment $ 108,989 $ 110,486 Recorded investment in finance receivables $ 108,989 $ 110,486 Allowance for credit losses (597 ) (589 ) Finance receivables, net $ 108,392 $ 109,897 Current portion $ 52,210 $ 54,353 Non-current portion 56,182 55,544 Finance receivables, net $ 108,392 $ 109,897 Net finance receivables subject to fair value (a) $ 105,106 $ 106,142 Fair value 104,521 105,676 __________ (a) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , Finance receivables, net includes $3.3 billion and $3.8 billion , respectively, of direct financing leases that are not subject to fair value disclosure requirements. The fair value of finance receivables is categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Excluded from finance receivables at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , was $240 million and $264 million , respectively, of accrued uncollected interest, which is reported as Other assets in the current assets section of our consolidated balance sheet. NOTE 10. FORD CREDIT FINANCE RECEIVABLES (Continued) Included in the recorded investment in finance receivables at December 31, 2017 and 2018 were consumer receivables of $38.9 billion and $40.7 billion , respectively, and non-consumer receivables of $24.5 billion and $25.7 billion , respectively, that have been sold for legal purposes in securitization transactions but continue to be reported in our consolidated financial statements. The receivables are available only for payment of the debt issued by, and other obligations of, the securitization entities that are parties to those securitization transactions; they are not available to pay the other obligations or the claims of Ford Credit’s other creditors. Ford Credit holds the right to receive the excess cash flows not needed to pay the debt issued by, and other obligations of, the securitization entities that are parties to those securitization transactions (see Note 22 ). Contractual maturities of total finance receivables outstanding at December 31, 2018 reflect contractual repayments due from customers or borrowers as follows (in millions): Due in Year Ending December 31, 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter Total Consumer Retail financing, gross (a) $ 23,564 $ 20,518 $ 16,716 $ 18,824 $ 79,622 Non-Consumer Dealer financing 32,281 661 200 1,230 34,372 Total finance receivables $ 55,845 $ 21,179 $ 16,916 $ 20,054 $ 113,994 __________ (a) Contractual maturities of retail financing, gross include $309 million of estimated unguaranteed residual values related to direct financing leases. Our finance receivables are generally pre-payable without penalty, so prepayments may cause actual maturities to differ from contractual maturities. Aging For all finance receivables, we define “past due” as any payment, including principal and interest, that is at least 31 days past the contractual due date. The recorded investment of consumer receivables greater than 90 days past due and still accruing interest was $24 million and $20 million at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. The aging analysis of our finance receivables balances at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Consumer 31-60 days past due $ 748 $ 859 61-90 days past due 113 123 91-120 days past due 36 39 Greater than 120 days past due 37 39 Total past due 934 1,060 Current 74,117 75,054 Consumer finance receivables 75,051 76,114 Non-Consumer Total past due 122 76 Current 33,816 34,296 Non-Consumer finance receivables 33,938 34,372 Total recorded investment $ 108,989 $ 110,486 NOTE 10. FORD CREDIT FINANCE RECEIVABLES (Continued) Credit Quality Consumer Portfolio . When originating all classes of consumer receivables (i.e., retail and lease products), we use a proprietary scoring system that measures credit quality using information in the credit application, proposed contract terms, credit bureau data, and other information. After a proprietary risk score is generated, we decide whether to originate a contract using a decision process based on a judgmental evaluation of the applicant, the credit application, the proposed contract terms, credit bureau information (e.g., FICO score), proprietary risk score, and other information. Our evaluation emphasizes the applicant’s ability to pay and creditworthiness focusing on payment, affordability, applicant credit history, and stability as key considerations. After origination, we review the credit quality of retail financing based on customer payment activity. As each customer develops a payment history, we use an internally developed behavioral scoring model to assist in determining the best collection strategies, which allows us to focus collection activity on higher-risk accounts. These models are used to refine our risk-based staffing model to ensure collection resources are aligned with portfolio risk. Based on data from this scoring model, contracts are categorized by collection risk. Our collection models evaluate several factors, including origination characteristics, updated credit bureau data, and payment patterns. Credit quality ratings for consumer receivables are based on aging. Consumer receivables credit quality ratings are as follows: • Pass – current to 60 days past due; • Special Mention – 61 to 120 days past due and in intensified collection status; and • Substandard – greater than 120 days past due and for which the uncollectible portion of the receivables has already been charged off, as measured using the fair value of collateral less costs to sell. Non-Consumer Portfolio . We extend credit to dealers primarily in the form of lines of credit to purchase new Ford and Lincoln vehicles as well as used vehicles. Payment is required when the dealer has sold the vehicle. Each non-consumer lending request is evaluated by considering the borrower’s financial condition and the underlying collateral securing the loan. We use a proprietary model to assign each dealer a risk rating. This model uses historical dealer performance data to identify key factors about a dealer that we consider most significant in predicting a dealer’s ability to meet its financial obligations. We also consider numerous other financial and qualitative factors of the dealer’s operations, including capitalization and leverage, liquidity and cash flow, profitability, and credit history with ourselves and other creditors. Dealers are assigned to one of four groups according to risk ratings as follows: • Group I – strong to superior financial metrics; • Group II – fair to favorable financial metrics; • Group III – marginal to weak financial metrics; and • Group IV – poor financial metrics, including dealers classified as uncollectible. We generally suspend credit lines and extend no further funding to dealers classified in Group IV. We regularly review our model to confirm the continued business significance and statistical predictability of the model and may make updates to improve the performance of the model. In addition, we regularly audit dealer inventory and dealer sales records to verify that the dealer is in possession of the financed vehicles and is promptly paying each receivable following the sale of the financed vehicle. The frequency of on-site vehicle inventory audits depends primarily on the dealer’s risk rating. Under our policies, on-site vehicle inventory audits of low-risk dealers are conducted only as circumstances warrant. On-site vehicle inventory audits of higher-risk dealers are conducted with increased frequency based primarily on the dealer’s risk rating, but also considering the results of our electronic monitoring of the dealer’s performance, including daily payment verifications and monthly analysis of the dealer’s financial statements, payoffs, aged inventory, over credit line and delinquency reports. We typically perform a credit review of each dealer annually and more frequently review certain dealers based on the dealer’s risk rating and total exposure. We adjust the dealer’s risk rating, if necessary. The credit quality of dealer financing receivables is evaluated based on our internal dealer risk rating analysis. A dealer has the same risk rating for its entire dealer financing regardless of the type of financing. NOTE 10. FORD CREDIT FINANCE RECEIVABLES (Continued) The credit quality analysis of our dealer financing receivables at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Dealer Financing Group I $ 26,252 $ 27,032 Group II 5,908 5,635 Group III 1,640 1,576 Group IV 138 129 Total recorded investment $ 33,938 $ 34,372 Impaired Receivables. Impaired consumer receivables include accounts that have been rewritten or modified in reorganization proceedings pursuant to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code that are considered to be Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”), as well as all accounts greater than 120 days past due. Impaired non-consumer receivables represent accounts with dealers that have weak or poor financial metrics or dealer financing that has been modified in TDRs. The recorded investment of consumer receivables that were impaired at December 31, 2017 and 2018 was $386 million and $370 million , or 0.5% and 0.5% of consumer receivables, respectively. The recorded investment of non-consumer receivables that were impaired at December 31, 2017 and 2018 was $138 million and $129 million , or 0.4% and 0.4% of non-consumer receivables, respectively. Impaired finance receivables are evaluated both collectively and specifically. The accrual of revenue is discontinued at the time a receivable is determined to be uncollectible. Accounts may be restored to accrual status only when a customer settles all past-due deficiency balances and future payments are reasonably assured. For receivables in non-accrual status, subsequent financing revenue is recognized only to the extent a payment is received. Payments are generally applied first to outstanding interest and then to the unpaid principal balance. A restructuring of debt constitutes a TDR if we grant a concession to a debtor for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties that we otherwise would not consider. Consumer and non-consumer receivables that have a modified interest rate below market rate or that were modified in reorganization proceedings pursuant to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, except non-consumer receivables that are current with minimal risk of loss, are considered to be TDRs. We do not grant concessions on the principal balance of our receivables. If a receivable is modified in a reorganization proceeding, all payment requirements of the reorganization plan need to be met before remaining balances are forgiven. Finance receivables involved in TDRs are specifically assessed for impairment.

Financial Services Allowance fo

Financial Services Allowance for Credit Losses (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES	FORD CREDIT ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The allowance for credit losses represents our estimate of the probable credit loss inherent in finance receivables as of the balance sheet date. The adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is assessed quarterly and the assumptions and models used in establishing the allowance are evaluated regularly. Because credit losses may vary substantially over time, estimating credit losses requires a number of assumptions about matters that are uncertain. The majority of credit losses are attributable to Ford Credit’s consumer receivables portfolio. Additions to the allowance for credit losses are made by recording charges to Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses on our consolidated income statement. The uncollectible portion of finance receivables are charged to the allowance for credit losses at the earlier of when an account is deemed to be uncollectible or when an account is 120 days delinquent, taking into consideration the financial condition of the customer, borrower, or lessee, the value of the collateral, recourse to guarantors, and other factors. In the event we repossess the collateral, the receivable is charged off and we record the collateral at its estimated fair value less costs to sell and report it in Other assets on our consolidated balance sheet. Charge-offs on finance receivables include uncollected amounts related to principal, interest, late fees, and other allowable charges. Recoveries on finance receivables previously charged off as uncollectible are credited to the allowance for credit losses. Consumer We estimate the allowance for credit losses on our consumer receivables using a combination of measurement models and management judgment. The models consider factors such as historical trends in credit losses and recoveries (including key metrics such as delinquencies, repossessions, and bankruptcies), the composition of the present portfolio (including vehicle brand, term, risk evaluation, and new/used vehicles), trends in historical used vehicle values, and economic conditions. Estimates from these models rely on historical information and may not fully reflect losses inherent in the present portfolio. Therefore, we may adjust the estimate to reflect management judgment regarding observable changes in recent economic trends and conditions, portfolio composition, and other relevant factors. We make projections of two key assumptions to assist in estimating the consumer allowance for credit losses: • Frequency - number of finance receivables contracts that are expected to default over the loss emergence period (“LEP”), measured as repossessions; and • Loss severity - expected difference between the amount a customer owes when the finance contract is charged off and the amount received, net of expenses, from selling the repossessed vehicle. Collective Allowance for Credit Losses. The collective allowance is evaluated primarily using a collective loss-to-receivables (“LTR”) model that, based on historical experience, indicates credit losses have been incurred in the portfolio even though the particular accounts that are uncollectible cannot be specifically identified. The LTR model is based on the most recent years of history. An LTR for each product is calculated by dividing credit losses (i.e., charge-offs net of recoveries) by average net finance receivables, excluding unearned interest supplements and allowance for credit losses. The average LTR that is calculated for each product is multiplied by the end-of-period balances for that given product. NOTE 11. FORD CREDIT ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) Our largest markets also use a loss projection model to estimate losses inherent in the portfolio. The loss projection model applies recent monthly performance metrics, stratified by contract type (retail or lease), contract term, and risk rating to our active portfolio to estimate the losses that have been incurred. The LEP is an assumption within our models and represents the average amount of time between when a loss event first occurs to when it is charged off. This time period starts when the consumer begins to experience financial difficulty. It is evidenced, typically through delinquency, before eventually resulting in a charge-off. The LEP is a multiplier in the calculation of the collective consumer allowance for credit losses. For accounts greater than 120 days past due, the uncollectible portion is charged off, such that the remaining recorded investment is equal to the estimated fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. Specific Allowance for Impaired Receivables . Consumer receivables involved in TDRs are specifically assessed for impairment. A specific allowance is estimated based on the present value of the expected future cash flows of the receivable discounted at the contract’s original effective interest rate or the fair value of any collateral adjusted for estimated costs to sell. After establishing the collective and specific allowance for credit losses, if management believes the allowance does not reflect all losses inherent in the portfolio due to changes in recent economic trends and conditions, or other relevant factors, an adjustment is made based on management judgment. Non-Consumer We estimate the allowance for credit losses for non-consumer receivables based on historical LTR ratios, expected future cash flows, and the fair value of collateral. Collective Allowance for Credit Losses . We estimate an allowance for non-consumer receivables that are not specifically identified as impaired using an LTR model for each financing product based on historical experience. This LTR is an average of the most recent historical experience and is calculated consistent with the consumer receivables LTR approach. All accounts that are specifically identified as impaired are excluded from the calculation of the non-specific or collective allowance. Specific Allowance for Impaired Receivables . Dealer financing is evaluated by segmenting individual loans by the risk characteristics of the loan (such as the amount of the loan, the nature of the collateral, and the financial status of the debtor). The loans are analyzed to determine whether individual loans are impaired, and a specific allowance is estimated based on the present value of the expected future cash flows of the receivable discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral adjusted for estimated costs to sell. After establishing the collective and the specific allowance for credit losses, if management believes the allowance does not reflect all losses inherent in the portfolio due to changes in recent economic trends and conditions, or other relevant factors, an adjustment is made based on management judgment. NOTE 11. FORD CREDIT ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) An analysis of the allowance for credit losses related to finance receivables for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 Consumer Non-Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses Beginning balance $ 469 $ 15 $ 484 Charge-offs (510 ) (7 ) (517 ) Recoveries 139 9 148 Provision for credit losses 471 (2 ) 469 Other (a) 13 — 13 Ending balance (b) $ 582 $ 15 $ 597 Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses Collective impairment allowance $ 560 $ 13 $ 573 Specific impairment allowance 22 2 24 Ending balance (b) 582 15 597 Analysis of ending balance of finance receivables Collectively evaluated for impairment 74,665 33,800 108,465 Specifically evaluated for impairment 386 138 524 Recorded investment 75,051 33,938 108,989 Ending balance, net of allowance for credit losses $ 74,469 $ 33,923 $ 108,392 __________ (a) Primarily represents amounts related to translation adjustments. (b) Total allowance, including for operating leases, was $668 million . 2018 Consumer Non-Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses Beginning balance $ 582 $ 15 $ 597 Charge-offs (a) (528 ) (67 ) (595 ) Recoveries 163 7 170 Provision for credit losses 359 68 427 Other (b) (10 ) — (10 ) Ending balance (c) $ 566 $ 23 $ 589 Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses Collective impairment allowance $ 546 $ 14 $ 560 Specific impairment allowance 20 9 29 Ending balance (c) 566 23 589 Analysis of ending balance of finance receivables Collectively evaluated for impairment 75,744 34,243 109,987 Specifically evaluated for impairment 370 129 499 Recorded investment 76,114 34,372 110,486 Ending balance, net of allowance for credit losses $ 75,548 $ 34,349 $ 109,897 __________ (a) Non-consumer charge-offs primarily reflect a U.S. dealer’s floorplan inventory and dealer loan determined to be uncollectible. (b) Primarily represents amounts related to translation adjustments. (c) Total allowance, including for operating leases, was $667 million .

Inventories (Notes)

Inventories (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
INVENTORIES	INVENTORIES All inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventories at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Raw materials, work-in-process, and supplies $ 4,397 $ 4,536 Finished products 6,779 6,684 Total inventories $ 11,176 $ 11,220

Net Investment in Operating Lea

Net Investment in Operating Leases (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Leases, Operating [Abstract]
NET INVESTMENT IN OPERATING LEASES	NET INVESTMENT IN OPERATING LEASES Net investment in operating leases consist primarily of lease contracts for vehicles with retail customers, daily rental companies, government entities, and fleet customers. Assets subject to operating leases are depreciated using the straight-line method over the term of the lease to reduce the asset to its estimated residual value. Estimated residual values are based on assumptions for used vehicle prices at lease termination and the number of vehicles that are expected to be returned. The net investment in operating leases at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Automotive Segment Vehicles, net of depreciation $ 1,574 $ 1,705 Ford Credit Segment Vehicles and other equipment, at cost (a) 32,659 33,557 Accumulated depreciation (5,927 ) (6,065 ) Allowance for credit losses (71 ) (78 ) Total Ford Credit Segment 26,661 27,414 Total $ 28,235 $ 29,119 __________ (a) Includes Ford Credit’s operating lease assets of $11.5 billion and $16.3 billion at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively, which have been included in certain lease securitization transactions. These net investments in operating leases are available only for payment of the debt or other obligations issued or arising in the securitization transactions; they are not available to pay other obligations or the claims of other creditors. Ford Credit Segment Included in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expense is operating lease depreciation expense (which includes gains and losses on disposal of assets). Operating lease depreciation expense for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Operating lease depreciation expense $ 4,330 $ 4,135 $ 3,867 Included in Ford Credit revenues are rents on operating leases. The amounts contractually due for minimum rentals on operating leases at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter Total Minimum rentals on operating leases $ 4,708 $ 2,929 $ 1,083 $ 83 $ 6 $ 8,809

Net Property and Lease Commitme

Net Property and Lease Commitments	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]	NET PROPERTY AND LEASE COMMITMENTS Net Property Net property is reported at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairments. We capitalize new assets when we expect to use the asset for more than one year. Routine maintenance and repair costs are expensed when incurred. Property and equipment are depreciated primarily using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset. Useful lives range from 3 years to 36 years. The estimated useful lives generally are 14.5 years for machinery and equipment, 8 years for software, 30 years for land improvements, and 36 years for buildings. Tooling generally is amortized over the expected life of a product program using a straight-line method. Net property at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Land $ 411 $ 445 Buildings and land improvements 11,096 11,477 Machinery, equipment, and other 37,533 38,720 Software 3,118 3,349 Construction in progress 2,608 2,066 Total land, plant and equipment, and other 54,766 56,057 Accumulated depreciation (29,862 ) (30,243 ) Net land, plant and equipment, and other 24,904 25,814 Tooling, net of amortization 10,423 10,364 Total $ 35,327 $ 36,178 Property-related expenses excluding net investment in operating leases for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Depreciation and other amortization $ 2,130 $ 2,292 $ 2,504 Tooling amortization 2,563 2,695 2,909 Total $ 4,693 $ 4,987 $ 5,413 Maintenance and rearrangement $ 1,801 $ 1,970 $ 1,994 Lease Commitments We lease land, buildings, and equipment under agreements that expire over various contractual periods. Minimum non-cancellable operating lease commitments at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): Operating Lease Commitments 2019 $ 363 2020 271 2021 193 2022 141 2023 106 Thereafter 437 Total $ 1,511 NOTE 14. NET PROPERTY AND LEASE COMMITMENTS (Continued) Operating lease expense for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): Operating Lease Expense 2016 $ 474 2017 526 2018 552

Equity in Net Assets of Affilia

Equity in Net Assets of Affiliated Companies	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information [Abstract]
EQUITY IN NET ASSETS OF AFFILIATED COMPANIES	EQUITY IN NET ASSETS OF AFFILIATED COMPANIES We use the equity method of accounting for our investments in entities over which we do not have control, but over whose operating and financial policies we are able to exercise significant influence. Our carrying value and ownership percentages of our equity method investments at December 31 were as follows (in millions, except percentages): Investment Balance Ownership Percentage 2017 2018 2018 Changan Ford Automobile Corporation, Limited $ 1,144 $ 950 50.0 % Jiangling Motors Corporation, Limited 675 543 32.0 AutoAlliance (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 439 431 50.0 Ford Otomotiv Sanayi Anonim Sirketi 329 247 41.0 Getrag Ford Transmissions GmbH 222 236 50.0 FFS Finance South Africa (Pty) Limited 71 81 50.0 Changan Ford Mazda Engine Company, Ltd. 84 71 25.0 Ionity Holding GmbH & Co. KG 12 42 25.0 DealerDirect LLC 33 33 97.7 RouteOne LLC 24 31 30.0 Thirdware Solutions Limited 12 12 20.0 Percepta, LLC 8 10 45.0 Chongqing ANTE Trading Co., Ltd. 5 6 10.0 U.S. Council for Automotive Research LLC 5 6 33.3 Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership LLC 3 4 50.0 Blue Diamond Parts, LLC 3 3 25.0 CNF-Administradora de Consorcio Nacional Ltda. 6 3 33.3 Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation Corporation 10 — 49.9 ZF Transmission Tech, LLC — — 49.0 Total $ 3,085 $ 2,709 NOTE 15. EQUITY IN NET ASSETS OF AFFILIATED COMPANIES (Continued) We received $1.6 billion , $1.4 billion , and $330 million of dividends from these affiliated companies for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. A summary of the total financial results, as reported by our equity method investees, in the aggregate at December 31 was as follows (in millions): Summarized Balance Sheet 2017 2018 Current assets $ 10,191 $ 8,277 Non-current assets 9,796 9,733 Total assets $ 19,987 $ 18,010 Current liabilities $ 10,557 $ 9,190 Non-current liabilities 3,022 3,149 Total liabilities $ 13,579 $ 12,339 Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests $ 10 $ 11 For the years ended December 31, Summarized Income Statement 2016 2017 2018 Total revenue $ 36,992 $ 35,172 $ 27,196 Income before income taxes 4,401 2,980 484 Net income 3,747 2,584 463 In the ordinary course of business, we buy/sell various products and services including vehicles, parts, and components to/from our equity method investees. In addition, we receive royalty income. Transactions with equity method investees reported for the years ended or at December 31 were as follows (in millions): For the years ended December 31, Income Statement 2016 2017 2018 Sales $ 4,367 $ 4,481 $ 4,426 Purchases 8,665 9,422 10,477 Royalty income 649 583 374 Balance Sheet 2017 2018 Receivables $ 769 $ 634 Payables 850 663

Other Liabilities and Deferred

Other Liabilities and Deferred Revenue (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Other Liabilities [Abstract]
OTHER LIABILITIES AND DEFERRED REVENUE	OTHER LIABILITIES AND DEFERRED REVENUE Other liabilities and deferred revenue at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Current Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims $ 10,902 $ 11,369 Deferred revenue 2,107 2,095 Employee benefit plans 1,661 1,755 Accrued interest 1,057 988 OPEB 348 339 Pension 229 204 Other 3,393 3,806 Total current other liabilities and deferred revenue $ 19,697 $ 20,556 Non-current Pension $ 9,932 $ 9,423 OPEB 5,821 5,220 Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims 2,471 2,497 Deferred revenue 3,829 3,985 Employee benefit plans 1,139 1,080 Other 1,519 1,383 Total non-current other liabilities and deferred revenue $ 24,711 $ 23,588

Retirement Benefits (Notes)

Retirement Benefits (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
RETIREMENT BENEFITS	RETIREMENT BENEFITS Defined benefit pension and OPEB plan obligations are remeasured at least annually as of December 31 based on the present value of projected future benefit payments for all participants for services rendered to date. The measurement of projected future benefits is dependent on the provisions of each specific plan, demographics of the group covered by the plan, and other key measurement assumptions. For plans that provide benefits dependent on salary assumptions, we include a projection of salary growth in our measurements. No assumption is made regarding any potential future changes to benefit provisions beyond those to which we are presently committed (e.g., in existing labor contracts). Net periodic benefit costs, including service cost, interest cost, and expected return on assets are determined using assumptions regarding the benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets (where applicable) as of the beginning of each year. We have elected to use a fair value of plan assets to calculate the expected return on assets in net periodic benefit cost. The funded status of the benefit plans, which represents the difference between the benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets, is calculated on a plan-by-plan basis. The benefit obligation and related funded status are determined using assumptions as of the end of each year. Actuarial gains and losses resulting from plan remeasurement are recognized in net periodic benefit cost in the period of the remeasurement. The impact of a retroactive plan amendment is recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) , and is amortized as a component of net periodic cost generally over the remaining service period of the active employees. The service cost component is included in Cost of sales and Selling, administrative and other expenses . Other components of net periodic benefit cost/(income) are included in Other income/(loss), net on our consolidated income statement. A curtailment results from an event that significantly reduces the expected years of future service or eliminates the accrual of defined benefits for the future services of a significant number of employees. A curtailment gain is recorded when the employees who are entitled to a benefit terminate their employment, or when a plan suspension or amendment that results in a curtailment gain is adopted. A curtailment loss is recorded when it becomes probable a curtailment loss will occur. We recognize settlement expense when the costs associated with all settlements during the year exceed the interest component of net periodic cost for the affected plan. Expense from curtailments and settlements is recorded in Other income/(loss), net . Defined Benefit Pension Plans. We have defined benefit pension plans covering hourly and salaried employees in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany and other locations. The largest portion of our worldwide obligation is associated with our U.S. plans. The vast majority of our worldwide defined benefit plans are closed to new participants. NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) In general, our defined benefit pension plans are funded (i.e., have restricted assets from which benefits are paid). Our unfunded defined benefit pension plans are treated on a “pay as you go” basis with benefit payments from general Company cash. These unfunded plans primarily include certain plans in Germany, and the U.S. defined benefit plans for senior management. OPEB . We have defined benefit OPEB plans, primarily certain health care and life insurance benefits, covering hourly and salaried employees in the United States, Canada, and other locations. The largest portion of our worldwide obligation is associated with our U.S. plans. Our OPEB plans are unfunded and the benefits are paid from general Company cash. Defined Contribution and Savings Plans . We also have defined contribution and savings plans for hourly and salaried employees in the United States and other locations. Company contributions to these plans, if any, are made from general Company cash and are expensed as incurred. The expense for our worldwide defined contribution and savings plans was $340 million , $377 million , and $393 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. This includes the expense for Company-matching contributions to our primary employee savings plan in the United States of $132 million , $142 million , and $143 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. Defined Benefit Plans – Expense and Status The assumptions used to determine benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost/(income) were as follows: Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Weighted Average Assumptions at December 31 Discount rate 3.60 % 4.29 % 2.33 % 2.48 % 3.61 % 4.17 % Average rate of increase in compensation 3.50 3.50 3.37 3.37 3.44 3.44 Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Net Benefit Cost for the Year Ended December 31 Discount rate - Service cost 4.18 % 3.67 % 2.51 % 2.39 % 4.15 % 3.70 % Effective interest rate on benefit obligation 3.40 3.22 2.07 2.02 3.41 3.27 Expected long-term rate of return on assets 6.75 6.75 5.19 4.51 — — Average rate of increase in compensation 3.50 3.50 3.38 3.37 3.44 3.44 The pre-tax net periodic benefit cost/(income) for our defined benefit pension and OPEB plans for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 Service cost $ 510 $ 534 $ 544 $ 483 $ 566 $ 588 $ 49 $ 49 $ 54 Interest cost 1,524 1,525 1,466 782 671 684 194 197 195 Expected return on assets (2,693 ) (2,734 ) (2,887 ) (1,339 ) (1,375 ) (1,295 ) — — — Amortization of prior service costs/(credits) 170 143 143 38 37 25 (142 ) (120 ) (109 ) Net remeasurement (gain)/loss 900 (538 ) 1,294 1,876 407 (76 ) 220 293 (366 ) Separation programs/other 12 74 53 81 18 103 — 2 1 Settlements and curtailments — (354 ) (15 ) 2 (3 ) (2 ) — — — Net periodic benefit cost/(income) $ 423 $ (1,350 ) $ 598 $ 1,923 $ 321 $ 27 $ 321 $ 421 $ (225 ) In the first quarter of 2018, we amended the U.S. defined benefit plans for senior management. Effective December 31, 2019, the plans will have a 35 -year limit for service and pay for purposes of determining the pension benefits. As a result, we recognized both a remeasurement gain and a curtailment gain related to this amendment. NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) The year-end status of these plans was as follows (in millions): Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Change in Benefit Obligation Benefit obligation at January 1 $ 45,746 $ 46,340 $ 30,624 $ 34,098 $ 5,865 $ 6,169 Service cost 534 544 566 588 49 54 Interest cost 1,525 1,466 671 684 197 195 Amendments — — — 135 — — Separation programs/other 35 9 17 97 1 1 Curtailments (356 ) (15 ) (3 ) (2 ) — — Settlements — — (52 ) (16 ) — — Plan participant contributions 24 25 20 19 24 17 Benefits paid (3,267 ) (2,880 ) (1,316 ) (1,316 ) (368 ) (372 ) Foreign exchange translation — — 3,323 (1,858 ) 108 (139 ) Actuarial (gain)/loss 2,099 (3,220 ) 248 (1,350 ) 293 (366 ) Benefit obligation at December 31 46,340 42,269 34,098 31,079 6,169 5,559 Change in Plan Assets Fair value of plan assets at January 1 41,939 44,160 25,549 29,657 — — Actual return on plan assets 5,371 (1,627 ) 1,216 21 — — Company contributions 133 140 1,624 629 — — Plan participant contributions 24 25 20 19 — — Benefits paid (3,267 ) (2,880 ) (1,316 ) (1,316 ) — — Settlements — — (52 ) (16 ) — — Foreign exchange translation — — 2,623 (1,708 ) — — Other (40 ) (44 ) (7 ) (13 ) — — Fair value of plan assets at December 31 44,160 39,774 29,657 27,273 — — Funded status at December 31 $ (2,180 ) $ (2,495 ) $ (4,441 ) $ (3,806 ) $ (6,169 ) $ (5,559 ) Amounts Recognized on the Balance Sheet Prepaid assets $ 386 $ 165 $ 3,154 $ 3,161 $ — $ — Other liabilities (2,566 ) (2,660 ) (7,595 ) (6,967 ) (6,169 ) (5,559 ) Total $ (2,180 ) $ (2,495 ) $ (4,441 ) $ (3,806 ) $ (6,169 ) $ (5,559 ) Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (pre-tax) Unamortized prior service costs/(credits) $ 238 $ 95 $ 191 $ 285 $ (209 ) $ 97 Pension Plans in which Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31 Accumulated benefit obligation $ 2,092 $ 1,965 $ 11,506 $ 10,904 Fair value of plan assets 155 137 5,287 5,232 Accumulated Benefit Obligation at December 31 $ 45,081 $ 41,312 $ 30,449 $ 27,787 Pension Plans in which Projected Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31 Projected benefit obligation $ 22,378 $ 20,529 $ 13,385 $ 12,321 Fair value of plan assets 19,812 17,872 5,790 5,357 Projected Benefit Obligation at December 31 $ 46,340 $ 42,269 $ 34,098 $ 31,079 NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) Pension Plan Contributions Our policy for funded pension plans is to contribute annually, at a minimum, amounts required by applicable laws and regulations. We may make contributions beyond those legally required. In 2018 , we contributed about $400 million (most of which were mandatory contributions) to our global funded pension plans and made about $350 million of benefit payments to participants in unfunded plans. During 2019 , we expect to contribute about $650 million (including $140 million in discretionary contributions in the United States) from cash and cash equivalents to our worldwide funded pension plans and to make about $350 million of benefit payments to participants in unfunded plans, for a total of about $1 billion . Based on current assumptions and regulations, we do not expect to have a legal requirement to contribute to our major U.S. pension plans in 2019 . Expected Future Benefit Payments and Amortization The expected future benefit payments at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): Benefit Payments Pension U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2019 $ 3,050 $ 1,290 $ 350 2020 2,820 1,180 340 2021 2,790 1,190 340 2022 2,760 1,200 330 2023 2,760 1,220 330 2024-2028 13,640 6,460 1,640 The prior service cost/(credit) amounts in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) that are expected to be recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost/(income) during 2019 are $87 million for U.S. pension plans, $33 million for non-U.S. pension plans, and $(70) million for worldwide OPEB plans. Pension Plan Asset Information Investment Objective and Strategies . Our investment objectives for the U.S. plans are to minimize the volatility of the value of our U.S. pension assets relative to U.S. pension obligations and to ensure assets are sufficient to pay plan benefits. Our U.S. target asset allocations are 80% fixed income and 20% growth assets (primarily alternative investments which include hedge funds, real estate, private equity, and public equity). Our largest non-U.S. plans (United Kingdom and Canada) have similar investment objectives to the U.S. plans and have made progress toward these objectives. Investment strategies and policies for the U.S. plans and the largest non-U.S. plans reflect a balance of risk-reducing and return-seeking considerations. The objective of minimizing the volatility of assets relative to obligations is addressed primarily through asset-liability matching, asset diversification, and hedging. The fixed income target asset allocation matches the bond-like and long-dated nature of the pension obligations. Assets are broadly diversified within asset classes to achieve risk-adjusted returns that in total lower asset volatility relative to the obligations. Strategies to address the goal of ensuring sufficient assets to pay benefits include target allocations to a broad array of asset classes, and strategies within asset classes that provide adequate returns, diversification, and liquidity. Derivatives are permitted for fixed income investment and public equity managers to use as efficient substitutes for traditional securities and to manage exposure to interest rate and foreign exchange risks. Interest rate and foreign currency derivative instruments are used for the purpose of hedging changes in the fair value of assets that result from interest rate changes and currency fluctuations. Interest rate derivatives also are used to adjust portfolio duration. Derivatives may not be used to leverage or to alter the economic exposure to an asset class outside the scope of the mandate an investment manager has been given. Alternative investment managers are permitted to employ leverage (including through the use of derivatives or other tools) that may alter economic exposure. NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) Alternative investments execute diverse strategies that provide exposure to a broad range of hedge fund strategies, equity investments in private companies, and investments in private property funds. Significant Concentrations of Risk. Significant concentrations of risk in our plan assets relate to interest rate, equity, and operating risk. In order to minimize asset volatility relative to the obligations, the majority of plan assets are allocated to fixed income investments which are exposed to interest rate risk. Rate increases generally will result in a decline in the value of fixed income assets, while reducing the present value of the obligations. Conversely, rate decreases generally will increase the value of fixed income assets, offsetting the related increase in the obligations. In order to ensure assets are sufficient to pay benefits, a portion of plan assets is allocated to growth assets that are expected over time to earn higher returns with more volatility than fixed income investments which more closely match pension obligations. Within equities, risk is mitigated by constructing a portfolio that is broadly diversified by geography, market capitalization, manager mandate size, investment style, and process. Within alternative investments, risk is similarly mitigated by constructing a portfolio that is broadly diversified by asset class, investment strategy, manager, style, and process. Operating risks include the risks of inadequate diversification and weak controls. To mitigate these risks, investments are diversified across and within asset classes in support of investment objectives. Policies and practices to address operating risks include ongoing manager oversight (e.g., style adherence, team strength, firm health, and internal risk controls), plan and asset class investment guidelines and instructions that are communicated to managers, and periodic compliance and audit reviews to ensure adherence. At year-end 2018 , Ford securities comprised less than 1% of our plan assets. Expected Long-Term Rate of Return on Assets. The long-term return assumption at year-end 2018 is 6.75% for the U.S. plans, 4.25% for the U.K. plans, and 5.00% for the Canadian plans, and averages 4.18% for all non-U.S. plans. A generally consistent approach is used worldwide to develop this assumption. This approach considers various sources, primarily inputs from a range of advisors for long-term capital market returns, inflation, bond yields, and other variables, adjusted for specific aspects of our investment strategy by plan. Historical returns also are considered where appropriate. The assumption is based on consideration of all inputs, with a focus on long-term trends to avoid short-term market influences. NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) The fair value of our defined benefit pension plan assets (including dividends and interest receivables of $344 million and $106 million for U.S. and non-U.S. plans, respectively) by asset category at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Asset Category Equity U.S. companies $ 2,135 $ 25 $ — $ — $ 2,160 $ 1,593 $ 143 $ — $ — $ 1,736 International companies 1,669 38 1 — 1,708 1,333 428 — — 1,761 Total equity 3,804 63 1 — 3,868 2,926 571 — — 3,497 Fixed Income U.S. government and agencies 6,603 2,842 — — 9,445 495 98 — — 593 Non-U.S. government — 1,575 — — 1,575 — 14,088 — — 14,088 Corporate bonds — 21,617 4 — 21,621 — 3,217 — — 3,217 Mortgage/other asset-backed — 590 — — 590 — 301 — — 301 Commingled funds — 49 — — 49 — 251 — — 251 Derivative financial instruments, net 11 (24 ) — — (13 ) (2 ) 44 — — 42 Total fixed income 6,614 26,649 4 — 33,267 493 17,999 — — 18,492 Alternatives Hedge funds — — — 3,060 3,060 — — — 1,179 1,179 Private equity — — — 2,322 2,322 — — — 722 722 Real estate — — — 1,216 1,216 — — — 461 461 Total alternatives — — — 6,598 6,598 — — — 2,362 2,362 Cash, cash equivalents, and repurchase agreements (b) 1,380 — — — 1,380 388 — — — 388 Other (c) (953 ) — — — (953 ) (715 ) — 5,633 — 4,918 Total assets at fair value $ 10,845 $ 26,712 $ 5 $ 6,598 $ 44,160 $ 3,092 $ 18,570 $ 5,633 $ 2,362 $ 29,657 _______ (a) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (b) Primarily short-term investment funds to provide liquidity to plan investment managers, cash held to pay benefits, and repurchase agreements valued at $(360) million in U.S. plans and $(181) million in non-U.S. plans. (c) For U.S. plans, amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). For non-U.S plans, primarily Ford-Werke, plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.8 billion at year-end 2017 ) and amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) The fair value of our defined benefit pension plan assets (including dividends and interest receivables of $340 million and $115 million for U.S. and non-U.S. plans, respectively) by asset category at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2018 U.S. Plans Non-U.S.Plans Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Asset Category Equity U.S. companies $ 1,246 $ 17 $ — $ — $ 1,263 $ 1,146 $ 103 $ — $ — $ 1,249 International companies 787 10 1 — 798 894 134 1 — 1,029 Total equity 2,033 27 1 — 2,061 2,040 237 1 — 2,278 Fixed Income U.S. government and agencies 7,915 2,317 — — 10,232 415 148 — — 563 Non-U.S. government — 1,073 — — 1,073 — 14,871 — — 14,871 Corporate bonds — 19,905 — — 19,905 — 2,875 — — 2,875 Mortgage/other asset-backed — 474 — — 474 — 286 — — 286 Commingled funds — 94 — — 94 — 268 — — 268 Derivative financial instruments, net 9 43 — — 52 13 (46 ) — — (33 ) Total fixed income 7,924 23,906 — — 31,830 428 18,402 — — 18,830 Alternatives Hedge funds — — — 3,217 3,217 — — — 1,143 1,143 Private equity — — — 2,046 2,046 — — — 687 687 Real estate — — — 1,242 1,242 — — — 413 413 Total alternatives — — — 6,505 6,505 — — — 2,243 2,243 Cash, cash equivalents, and repurchase agreements (b) 354 — — — 354 (641 ) — — — (641 ) Other (c) (976 ) — — — (976 ) (685 ) — 5,248 — 4,563 Total assets at fair value $ 9,335 $ 23,933 $ 1 $ 6,505 $ 39,774 $ 1,142 $ 18,639 $ 5,249 $ 2,243 $ 27,273 _______ (a) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (b) Primarily short-term investment funds to provide liquidity to plan investment managers, cash held to pay benefits, and repurchase agreements valued at $(1.7) billion in U.S. plans and $(1.4) billion in non-U.S. plans. (c) For U.S. plans, amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). For non-U.S plans, primarily Ford-Werke, plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.3 billion at year-end 2018 ) and amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 defined benefit pension plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the years ended December 31 (in millions): 2017 Return on plan assets Fair Value at January 1 Attributable to Assets Held at December 31 Attributable to Assets Sold Net Purchases/ (Settlements) Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3 Fair Value at December 31 U.S. Plans $ 14 $ (2 ) $ 2 $ (9 ) $ — $ 5 Non-U.S. Plans (a) 5,252 381 — — — 5,633 2018 Return on plan assets Fair Value at January 1 Attributable to Assets Held at December 31 Attributable to Assets Sold Net Purchases/ (Settlements) Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3 Fair Value at December 31 U.S. Plans $ 5 $ — $ (5 ) $ 4 $ (3 ) $ 1 Non-U.S. Plans (a) 5,633 (384 ) 1 (1 ) — 5,249 _______ (a) Primarily Ford-Werke plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.8 billion and $4.3 billion at year-end 2017 and 2018 , respectively).

Debt and Commitments (Notes)

Debt and Commitments (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
DEBT AND COMMITMENTS	DEBT AND COMMITMENTS Our debt consists of short-term and long-term secured and unsecured debt securities, and secured and unsecured borrowings from banks and other lenders. Debt issuances are placed directly by us or through securities dealers or underwriters and are held by institutional and retail investors. In addition, Ford Credit sponsors securitization programs that provide short-term and long-term asset-backed financing through institutional investors in the U.S. and international capital markets. Debt is reported on our consolidated balance sheet at par value adjusted for unamortized discount or premium, unamortized issuance costs, and adjustments related to designated fair value hedging (see Note 19 ). Discounts, premiums, and costs directly related to the issuance of debt are capitalized and amortized over the life of the debt or to the put date and are recorded in interest expense using the effective interest method. Gains and losses on the extinguishment of debt are recorded in Other income/(loss), net . NOTE 18. DEBT AND COMMITMENTS (Continued) The carrying value of Automotive, Ford Credit, and Other debt at December 31 was as follows (in millions): Interest Rates Average Contractual Average Effective (a) Automotive 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Debt payable within one year Short-term $ 1,396 $ 614 5.5 % 2.9 % 5.5 % 2.9 % Long-term payable within one year Public unsecured debt securities 361 — U.S. Department of Energy Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (“DOE ATVM”) Incentive Program 591 591 Other debt 1,031 1,125 Unamortized (discount)/premium (23 ) (16 ) Total debt payable within one year 3,356 2,314 Long-term debt payable after one year Public unsecured debt securities 9,033 9,033 DOE ATVM Incentive Program 2,060 1,470 Other debt 1,848 1,026 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium (290 ) (224 ) Unamortized issuance costs (76 ) (72 ) Total long-term debt payable after one year 12,575 11,233 5.1 % (b) 5.2 % (b) 5.8 % (b) 5.7 % (b) Total Automotive $ 15,931 $ 13,547 Fair value of Automotive debt (c) $ 17,976 $ 13,319 Ford Credit Debt payable within one year Short-term $ 17,153 $ 14,705 3.0 % 3.5 % 3.0 % 3.5 % Long-term payable within one year Unsecured debt 13,298 14,373 Asset-backed debt 17,817 22,130 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium 1 2 Unamortized issuance costs (16 ) (16 ) Fair value adjustments (d) 12 (15 ) Total debt payable within one year 48,265 51,179 Long-term debt payable after one year Unsecured debt 55,687 52,409 Asset-backed debt 34,052 36,844 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium (2 ) — Unamortized issuance costs (212 ) (195 ) Fair value adjustments (d) (33 ) (171 ) Total long-term debt payable after one year 89,492 88,887 2.5 % (b) 2.8 % (b) 2.6 % (b) 2.8 % (b) Total Ford Credit $ 137,757 $ 140,066 Fair value of Ford Credit debt (c) $ 139,605 $ 138,809 Other Long-term debt payable after one year Unsecured debt $ 604 $ 604 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium (3 ) (3 ) Unamortized issuance costs (2 ) (1 ) Total Other $ 599 $ 600 9.3 % 9.3 % 9.2 % 9.2 % Fair value of Other debt $ 801 $ 697 __________ (a) Average effective rates reflect the average contractual interest rate plus amortization of discounts, premiums, and issuance costs. (b) Includes interest on long-term debt payable within one year and after one year. (c) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , the fair value of debt includes $1.1 billion and $458 million of Automotive short-term debt and $16.4 billion and $13.8 billion of Ford Credit short-term debt, respectively, carried at cost which approximates fair value. All debt is categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. (d) These adjustments relate to designated fair value hedges. The carrying value of hedged debt was $39 billion and $38 billion at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. NOTE 18. DEBT AND COMMITMENTS (Continued) We paid interest of $836 million , $1.1 billion , and $1.2 billion in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, on Automotive and Other debt. We paid interest of $2.5 billion , $2.9 billion , and $3.5 billion in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, on Ford Credit debt. Maturities Debt maturities at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Adjustments Total Debt Maturities Automotive Public unsecured debt securities $ — $ — $ — $ 86 $ — $ 8,947 $ (195 ) $ 8,838 DOE ATVM Incentive Program 591 591 591 288 — — — 2,061 Short-term and other debt 1,739 261 218 181 205 161 (117 ) 2,648 Total $ 2,330 $ 852 $ 809 $ 555 $ 205 $ 9,108 $ (312 ) $ 13,547 Ford Credit Unsecured debt $ 28,135 $ 15,073 $ 15,288 $ 8,343 $ 5,895 $ 7,810 $ (322 ) $ 80,222 Asset-backed debt 23,073 19,004 7,865 4,487 2,595 2,893 (73 ) 59,844 Total $ 51,208 $ 34,077 $ 23,153 $ 12,830 $ 8,490 $ 10,703 $ (395 ) $ 140,066 Other Unsecured debt $ — $ 130 $ 180 $ — $ — $ 294 $ (4 ) $ 600 NOTE 18. DEBT AND COMMITMENTS (Continued) Automotive Segment Public Unsecured Debt Securities Our public, unsecured debt securities outstanding at December 31 were as follows (in millions): Aggregate Principal Amount Outstanding Title of Security 2017 2018 6 1/2% Debentures due August 1, 2018 $ 361 $ — 8 7/8% Debentures due January 15, 2022 86 86 7 1/8% Debentures due November 15, 2025 209 209 7 1/2% Debentures due August 1, 2026 193 193 6 5/8% Debentures due February 15, 2028 104 104 6 5/8% Debentures due October 1, 2028 (a) 638 638 6 3/8% Debentures due February 1, 2029 (a) 260 260 7.45% GLOBLS due July 16, 2031 (a) 1,794 1,794 8.900% Debentures due January 15, 2032 151 151 9.95% Debentures due February 15, 2032 4 4 7.75% Debentures due June 15, 2043 73 73 7.40% Debentures due November 1, 2046 398 398 9.980% Debentures due February 15, 2047 181 181 7.70% Debentures due May 15, 2097 142 142 4.346% Notes due December 8, 2026 1,500 1,500 5.291% Notes due December 8, 2046 1,300 1,300 4.75% Notes due January 15, 2043 2,000 2,000 Total public unsecured debt securities (b) $ 9,394 $ 9,033 __________ (a) Listed on the Luxembourg Exchange and on the Singapore Exchange. (b) Excludes 9.215% Debentures due September 15, 2021 with an outstanding balance at December 31, 2018 of $180 million . The proceeds from these securities were on-lent by Ford to Ford Holdings and are reported as Other long-term debt . DOE ATVM Incentive Program In September 2009, we entered into a Loan Arrangement and Reimbursement Agreement with the DOE, under which we borrowed through multiple draws $5.9 billion to finance certain costs for fuel-efficient, advanced-technology vehicles. At December 31, 2018 , an aggregate $2.1 billion was outstanding. The principal amount of the ATVM loan bears interest at a blended rate based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve at the time each draw was made (with the weighted-average interest rate on all such draws being about 2.3% per annum). The ATVM loan is repayable in equal quarterly installments of $148 million , which began in September 2012 and will end in June 2022. Automotive Credit Facilities Total committed Automotive credit lines at December 31, 2018 were $11.9 billion , consisting of $10.4 billion of our corporate credit facility and $1.5 billion of local credit facilities available to non-U.S. Automotive affiliates. At December 31, 2018 , the utilized portion of the corporate credit facility was $27 million , representing amounts utilized for letters of credit. At December 31, 2018 , the utilized portion of the local credit facilities was $735 million . Lenders under our corporate credit facility have commitments to us totaling $13.4 billion , with 75% of the commitments maturing on April 30, 2023 and 25% of the commitments maturing on April 30, 2021. We have allocated $3 billion of commitments to Ford Credit on an irrevocable and exclusive basis to support its liquidity. We would guarantee any borrowings by Ford Credit under the corporate credit facility. NOTE 18. DEBT AND COMMITMENTS (Continued) The corporate credit facility is unsecured and free of material adverse change conditions to borrowing, restrictive financial covenants (for example, interest or fixed charge coverage ratio, debt-to-equity ratio, and minimum net worth requirements), and credit rating triggers that could limit our ability to obtain funding. The corporate credit facility contains a liquidity covenant that requires us to maintain a minimum of $4 billion in aggregate of domestic cash, cash equivalents, and loaned and marketable securities and/or availability under the facility. If our senior, unsecured, long-term debt does not maintain at least two investment grade ratings from Fitch, Moody’s, and S&P, the guarantees of certain subsidiaries will be required. Ford Credit Segment Asset-Backed Debt At December 31, 2018 , the carrying value of our asset-backed debt was $59.8 billion . This secured debt is issued by Ford Credit and includes asset-backed securities used to fund operations and maintain liquidity. Assets securing the related debt issued as part of all our securitization transactions are included in our consolidated results and are based upon the legal transfer of the underlying assets in order to reflect legal ownership and the beneficial ownership of the debt holder. The third-party investors in the securitization transactions have legal recourse only to the assets securing the debt and do not have such recourse to us, except for the customary representation and warranty provisions or when we are counterparty to certain derivative transactions of the special purpose entities (“SPEs”). In addition, the cash flows generated by the assets are restricted only to pay such liabilities; Ford Credit retains the right to residual cash flows. See Note 22 for additional information. Although not contractually required, we regularly support our wholesale securitization programs by repurchasing receivables of a dealer from a SPE when the dealer’s performance is at risk, which transfers the corresponding risk of loss from the SPE to us. In order to continue to fund the wholesale receivables, we also may contribute additional cash or wholesale receivables if the collateral falls below required levels. The balances of cash related to these contributions were $0 at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , and ranged from $0 to $9 million during 2017 and $0 to $179 million during 2018 . SPEs that are exposed to interest rate or currency risk may reduce their risks by entering into derivative transactions. In certain instances, we have entered into derivative transactions with the counterparty to protect the counterparty from risks absorbed through derivative transactions with the SPEs. Derivative income/(expense) related to the derivative transactions that support Ford Credit ’ s securitization programs were $(29) million , $60 million , and $(17) million for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. See Note 19 for additional information regarding the accounting for derivatives. Interest expense on securitization debt was $773 million , $955 million , and $1.4 billion in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. The assets and liabilities related to our asset-backed debt arrangements included on our financial statements at December 31 were as follows (in billions): 2017 2018 Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 3.8 $ 3.0 Finance receivables, net 63.2 66.2 Net investment in operating leases 11.5 16.3 Liabilities Debt (a) $ 52.6 $ 59.8 __________ (a) Debt is net of unamortized discount and issuance costs. NOTE 18. DEBT AND COMMITMENTS (Continued) Committed Credit Facilities At December 31, 2018 , Ford Credit’s committed capacity totaled $41.4 billion , of which $19.6 billion is available for use. Ford Credit’s committed capacity is primarily comprised of unsecured credit facilities with financial institutions, committed asset-backed security lines from bank-sponsored commercial paper conduits and other financial institutions, and allocated commitments under the corporate credit facility.

Derivative Financial Instrument

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES	DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to global market risks, including the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, certain commodity prices, and interest rates. To manage these risks, we enter into highly effective derivative contracts: • Foreign currency exchange contracts, including forwards, that are used to manage foreign exchange exposure; • Commodity contracts, including forwards, that are used to manage commodity price risk; • Interest rate contracts, including swaps, that are used to manage the effects of interest rate fluctuations; and • Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts that are used to manage foreign currency and interest rate exposures on foreign-denominated debt. Our derivatives are over-the-counter customized derivative transactions and are not exchange-traded. We review our hedging program, derivative positions, and overall risk management strategy on a regular basis. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting. Derivatives are reported on our consolidated balance sheet at fair value and presented on a gross basis. Derivative assets are reported in Other assets and derivative liabilities are reported in Payables and Other liabilities and deferred revenue. We have elected to apply hedge accounting to certain derivatives. Derivatives that are designated in hedging relationships are evaluated for effectiveness using regression analysis at the time they are designated and throughout the hedge period. Some derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting; for others, we elect not to apply hedge accounting. Cash Flow Hedges. Our Automotive segment has designated certain forward contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions with exposure to foreign currency exchange and commodity price risks. Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are deferred in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) and are recognized in Cost of sales when the hedged item affects earnings. Our policy is to de-designate foreign currency exchange cash flow hedges prior to the time forecasted transactions are recognized as assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and report subsequent changes in fair value through Cost of sales . If it becomes probable that the originally forecasted transaction will not occur, the related amount included in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) is reclassified and recognized in earnings. The cash flows associated with hedges designated until maturity are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows. Our cash flow hedges mature within three years. Fair Value Hedges. Our Ford Credit segment uses derivatives to reduce the risk of changes in the fair value of debt. We have designated certain receive-fixed, pay-float interest rate swaps as fair value hedges of fixed-rate debt. The risk being hedged is the risk of changes in the fair value of the hedged debt attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate. If the hedge relationship is deemed to be highly effective, we report the changes in the fair value of the hedged debt related to the risk being hedged in Ford Credit debt and Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses . Net interest settlements and accruals, and the fair value changes on hedging instruments are reported in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses . The cash flows associated with fair value hedges are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows. When a fair value hedge is de-designated, or when the derivative is terminated before maturity, the fair value adjustment to the hedged debt continues to be reported as part of the carrying value of the debt and is recognized in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses over its remaining life. NOTE 19. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued) Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments. Automotive reports changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments through Cost of sales . Cash flows associated with non-designated or de-designated derivatives are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows. Our Ford Credit segment reports the gains/(losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments in Other income/(loss), net . Cash flows associated with non-designated derivatives are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows . Normal Purchases and Normal Sales Classification. We have elected to apply the normal purchases and normal sales classification for physical supply contracts that are entered into for the purpose of procuring commodities to be used in production over a reasonable period in the normal course of our business. Income Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments The gains/(losses), by hedge designation, reported in income for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Cash flow hedges (a) Reclassified from AOCI to Cost of sales $ 537 $ 456 $ 50 Fair value hedges Interest rate contracts Net interest settlements and accruals on hedging instruments 367 217 10 Fair value changes on hedging instruments (b) (120 ) (268 ) (155 ) Fair value changes on hedged debt (b) 124 267 153 Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency exchange contracts (c) 257 (662 ) 398 Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts 398 103 (244 ) Interest rate contracts (9 ) 58 (84 ) Commodity contracts 7 74 (96 ) Total $ 1,561 $ 245 $ 32 __________ (a) For 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , a $770 million gain , a $134 million gain , and a $288 million gain , respectively, were reported in Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax . (b) For 2016 and 2017 , the fair value changes on hedging instruments and on hedged debt were reported in Other income/(loss), net; effective 2018, these amounts were reported in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses. (c) For 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , a $78 million gain , a $512 million loss , and a $235 million gain were reported in Cost of sales and a $179 million gain , a $150 million loss , and a $163 million gain were reported in Other income/(loss), net, respectively. NOTE 19. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued) Balance Sheet Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments Derivative assets and liabilities are reported on our consolidated balance sheet at fair value and are presented on a gross basis. The notional amounts of the derivative instruments do not necessarily represent amounts exchanged by the parties and are not a direct measure of our financial exposure. We also enter into master agreements with counterparties that may allow for netting of exposures in the event of default or breach of the counterparty agreement. The fair value of our derivative instruments and the associated notional amounts, presented gross, at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Notional Fair Value of Assets Fair Value of Liabilities Notional Fair Value of Assets Fair Value of Liabilities Cash flow hedges Foreign currency exchange contracts $ 19,595 $ 407 $ 306 $ 15,972 $ 391 $ 110 Commodity contracts — — — 327 — 20 Fair value hedges Interest rate contracts 28,008 248 135 22,989 158 208 Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency exchange contracts 20,679 172 302 20,695 202 99 Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts 4,006 408 28 5,235 232 157 Interest rate contracts 60,504 276 137 76,904 235 274 Commodity contracts 660 37 4 638 3 45 Total derivative financial instruments, gross (a) (b) $ 133,452 $ 1,548 $ 912 $ 142,760 $ 1,221 $ 913 Current portion $ 802 $ 568 $ 681 $ 601 Non-current portion 746 344 540 312 Total derivative financial instruments, gross $ 1,548 $ 912 $ 1,221 $ 913 __________ (a) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , we held collateral of $15 million and $19 million , and we posted collateral of $38 million and $59 million , respectively. (b) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , the fair value of assets and liabilities available for counterparty netting was $618 million and $434 million , respectively. All derivatives are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Inter

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Noncontrolling Interest Disclosure [Text Block]	REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST We formed the Ford Sollers joint venture with Sollers PJSC (“Sollers”) in October 2011 to operate in Russia. The value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest, reflecting redemption features embedded in the 50% equity interest in the joint venture that is held by Sollers, reported in the mezzanine section of our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 and 2018 was $98 million and $100 million , respectively. The redeemable noncontrolling interest became exercisable beginning on January 1, 2019.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS)	ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME/(LOSS) The changes in the balances for each component of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Ford Motor Company for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Foreign currency translation Beginning balance $ (3,570 ) $ (4,593 ) $ (4,277 ) Gains/(Losses) on foreign currency translation (494 ) 38 (435 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (a) 537 (294 ) 91 Net gains/(losses) on foreign currency translation (1,031 ) 332 (526 ) (Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (b) 8 (16 ) 3 Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax (1,023 ) 316 (523 ) Ending balance $ (4,593 ) $ (4,277 ) $ (4,800 ) Marketable securities Beginning balance $ (6 ) $ (14 ) $ (48 ) Gains/(Losses) on available for sale securities (13 ) (53 ) (37 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (10 ) (15 ) (8 ) Net gains/(losses) on available for sale securities (3 ) (38 ) (29 ) (Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (1 ) 5 20 Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) 4 1 2 Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (5 ) 4 18 Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax (8 ) (34 ) (11 ) Ending balance $ (14 ) $ (48 ) $ (59 ) Derivative instruments Beginning balance $ 64 $ 283 $ 18 Gains/(Losses) on derivative instruments 770 134 288 Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) 144 80 65 Net gains/(losses) on derivative instruments 626 54 223 (Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (537 ) (456 ) (50 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (130 ) (137 ) (10 ) Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (c) (407 ) (319 ) (40 ) Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax 219 (265 ) 183 Ending balance $ 283 $ 18 $ 201 Pension and other postretirement benefits Beginning balance $ (2,745 ) $ (2,689 ) $ (2,652 ) Prior service (costs)/credits arising during the period (16 ) 5 (135 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (4 ) — (23 ) Net prior service (costs)/credits arising during the period (12 ) 5 (112 ) Amortization and recognition of prior service costs/(credits) (d) 66 60 59 Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) 22 20 13 Net prior service costs/(credits) reclassified from AOCI to net income 44 40 46 Translation impact on non-U.S. plans 24 (8 ) 10 Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax 56 37 (56 ) Ending balance $ (2,689 ) $ (2,652 ) $ (2,708 ) Total AOCI ending balance at December 31 $ (7,013 ) $ (6,959 ) $ (7,366 ) __________ (a) We do not recognize deferred taxes for a majority of the foreign currency translation gains and losses because we do not anticipate reversal in the foreseeable future. However, we have made elections to tax certain non-U.S. operations simultaneously in U.S. tax returns, and have recorded deferred taxes for temporary differences that will reverse, independent of repatriation plans, on U.S. tax returns. Taxes or tax benefits resulting from foreign currency translation of the temporary differences are recorded in Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax . (b) Reclassified to Other income/(loss), net. (c) Reclassified to Cost of sales . During the next twelve months we expect to reclassify existing net gains on cash flow hedges of $213 million . See Note 19 for additional information. (d) Amortization and recognition of prior service costs/(credits) is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost/(income). See Note 17 for additional information.

Variable Interest Entities (Not

Variable Interest Entities (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES	VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES A VIE is an entity that either (i) has insufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, or (ii) has equity investors who lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. We consolidate VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary. We consider ourselves the primary beneficiary of a VIE when we have both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Assets recognized as a result of consolidating these VIEs do not represent additional assets that could be used to satisfy claims against our general assets. Liabilities recognized as a result of consolidating these VIEs do not represent additional claims on our general assets; rather, they represent claims against the specific assets of the consolidated VIEs. We have the power to direct the significant activities of an entity when our management has the ability to make key operating decisions, such as decisions regarding capital or product investment or manufacturing production schedules. For securitization entities, we have the power to direct significant activities when we have the ability to exercise discretion in the servicing of financial assets (including general collection activity on current and non-current accounts and loss mitigation efforts including repossession and sale of collateral), issue additional debt, exercise a unilateral call option, add assets to revolving structures, or control investment decisions. VIEs of Which We are Not the Primary Beneficiary Certain of our joint ventures are VIEs, in which the power to direct economically significant activities is shared with the joint venture partner. Our investments in these joint ventures are accounted for as equity method investments. Our maximum exposure to any potential losses associated with these joint ventures is limited to our investment, including loans, and was $222 million and $237 million at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. VIEs of Which We are the Primary Beneficiary Securitization Entities. Through Ford Credit, we securitize, transfer, and service financial assets associated with consumer finance receivables, operating leases, and wholesale loans. Our securitization transactions typically involve the legal transfer of financial assets to bankruptcy remote SPEs. We generally retain economic interests in the asset-backed securitization transactions, which are retained in the form of senior or subordinated interests, cash reserve accounts, residual interests, and servicing rights. For accounting purposes, we are precluded from recording the transfers of assets in securitization transactions as sales. In most cases, the bankruptcy remote SPEs meet the definition of VIEs for which we have determined we have both the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the entity that could be significant, and would therefore also be consolidated. We account for all securitization transactions as if they were secured financing and therefore the assets, liabilities, and related activity of these transactions are consolidated in our financial results and are included in amounts presented on the face of our consolidated balance sheet. See Note 18 for additional information on the accounting for asset-backed debt and the assets securing this debt.

Commitments and Contingencies (

Commitments and Contingencies (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Commitments and contingencies primarily consist of guarantees and indemnifications, litigation and claims, and warranty. Guarantees and Indemnifications The maximum potential payments and the carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Maximum potential payments $ 1,397 $ 1,163 Carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities 408 351 Guarantees and indemnifications are recorded at fair value at their inception. We regularly review our performance risk under these arrangements, and in the event it becomes probable we will be required to perform under a guarantee or indemnity, the amount of probable payment is recorded. We guarantee the resale value of vehicles sold in certain arrangements to daily rental companies. The maximum potential payment of $995 million as of December 31, 2018 included in the table above represents the total proceeds we guarantee the rental company will receive on re-sale. Reflecting our present estimate of proceeds the rental companies will receive on resale from third parties, we have recorded $311 million as our best estimate of the amount we will have to pay under the guarantee. We also guarantee debt and lease obligations of certain joint ventures, as well as certain financial obligations of outside third parties, including suppliers, to support our business and economic growth. Expiration dates vary through 2033, and guarantees will terminate on payment and/or cancellation of the underlying obligation. A payment by us would be triggered by failure of the joint venture or other third party to fulfill its obligation covered by the guarantee. In some circumstances, we are entitled to recover from a third party amounts paid by us under the guarantee. However, our ability to enforce these rights is sometimes stayed until the guaranteed party is paid in full, and may be limited in the event of insolvency of the third party or other circumstances. In the ordinary course of business, we execute contracts involving indemnifications standard in the industry and indemnifications specific to a transaction, such as the sale of a business. These indemnifications might include and are not limited to claims relating to any of the following: environmental, tax, and shareholder matters; intellectual property rights; power generation contracts; governmental regulations and employment-related matters; dealer, supplier, and other commercial contractual relationships; and financial matters, such as securitizations. Performance under these indemnities generally would be triggered by a breach of terms of the contract or by a third-party claim. While some of these indemnifications are limited in nature, many of them do not limit potential payment. Therefore, we are unable to estimate a maximum amount of future payments that could result from claims made under these unlimited indemnities. Litigation and Claims Various legal actions, proceedings, and claims (generally, “matters”) are pending or may be instituted or asserted against us. These include but are not limited to matters arising out of alleged defects in our products; product warranties; governmental regulations relating to safety, emissions, and fuel economy or other matters; government incentives; tax matters; alleged illegal acts resulting in fines or penalties; financial services; employment-related matters; dealer, supplier, and other contractual relationships; intellectual property rights; environmental matters; shareholder or investor matters; and financial reporting matters. Certain of the pending legal actions are, or purport to be, class actions. Some of the matters involve or may involve claims for compensatory, punitive, or antitrust or other treble damages in very large amounts, or demands for field service actions, environmental remediation programs, sanctions, loss of government incentives, assessments, or other relief, which, if granted, would require very large expenditures. The extent of our financial exposure to these matters is difficult to estimate. Many matters do not specify a dollar amount for damages, and many others specify only a jurisdictional minimum. To the extent an amount is asserted, our historical experience suggests that in most instances the amount asserted is not a reliable indicator of the ultimate outcome. NOTE 23. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) We accrue for matters when losses are deemed probable and reasonably estimable. In evaluating matters for accrual and disclosure purposes, we take into consideration factors such as our historical experience with matters of a similar nature, the specific facts and circumstances asserted, the likelihood that we will prevail, and the severity of any potential loss. We reevaluate and update our accruals as matters progress over time. For the majority of matters, which generally arise out of alleged defects in our products, we establish an accrual based on our extensive historical experience with similar matters. We do not believe there is a reasonably possible outcome materially in excess of our accrual for these matters. For the remaining matters, where our historical experience with similar matters is of more limited value (i.e., “non-pattern matters”), we evaluate the matters primarily based on the individual facts and circumstances. For non-pattern matters, we evaluate whether there is a reasonable possibility of a material loss in excess of any accrual that can be estimated. Our estimate of reasonably possible loss in excess of our accruals for all material matters currently reflects indirect tax and customs matters, for which we estimate the aggregate risk to be a range of up to about $600 million . In addition, we have a reasonably possible risk of loss for an emission matter. Because the matter is preliminary, we cannot estimate the risk of loss or predict the outcome, and cannot provide reasonable assurance that it will not have a material adverse effect on us. As noted, the litigation process is subject to many uncertainties, and the outcome of individual matters is not predictable with assurance. Our assessments are based on our knowledge and experience, but the ultimate outcome of any matter could require payment substantially in excess of the amount that we have accrued and/or disclosed. Warranty and Field Service Actions We accrue obligations for warranty costs and field service actions (i.e., safety recalls, emission recalls, and other product campaigns) at the time of sale using a patterned estimation model that includes historical information regarding the nature, frequency, and average cost of claims for each vehicle line by model year. Warranty and field service action obligations are reported in Other liabilities and deferred revenue . We reevaluate the adequacy of our accruals on a regular basis. We recognize the benefit from a recovery of the costs associated with our warranty and field service actions when specifics of the recovery have been agreed with our supplier and the amount of the recovery is virtually certain. Recoveries are reported in Trade and other receivables and Other assets. The estimate of our future warranty and field service action costs, net of estimated supplier recoveries, for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Beginning balance $ 4,960 $ 5,296 Payments made during the period (3,457 ) (4,360 ) Changes in accrual related to warranties issued during the period 2,260 2,584 Changes in accrual related to pre-existing warranties 1,415 1,758 Foreign currency translation and other 118 (141 ) Ending balance $ 5,296 $ 5,137 Revisions to our estimated costs are reported as changes in accrual related to pre-existing warranties in the table above.

Segment Information (Notes)

Segment Information (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
SEGMENT INFORMATION	SEGMENT INFORMATION Effective January 1, 2018, we changed our reportable segments to reflect the manner in which we manage our business. Based on changes to our organization structure and how our CODM reviews operating results and makes decisions about resource allocation, we have three reportable segments that represent the primary businesses reported in our consolidated financial statements: Automotive, Mobility, and Ford Credit. In addition to the change in reportable segments, consistent with how our CODM assesses performance of the segments, we changed the measurement of our segment profits and losses as described below: • Corporate governance expenses, which were previously reported as part of our Automotive segment, are reported as part of Corporate Other • Autonomous vehicle development costs, which were previously reported as part of our Automotive segment, are reported in Mobility • Interest income and portfolio gains and losses, which were previously reported in our segment results, are reported in Corporate Other. Interest expense (other than interest expense incurred by Ford Credit) is reported as a separate reconciling item Prior period amounts were adjusted retrospectively to reflect the segment and measurement changes. Below is a description of our reportable segments and other activities. Automotive Segment Our Automotive segment primarily includes the sale of Ford and Lincoln vehicles, service parts, and accessories worldwide, together with the associated costs to develop, manufacture, distribute, and service the vehicles, parts, and accessories. This segment includes revenues and costs related to our electrification vehicle programs. The segment includes the following regional business units: North America, South America, Europe, Middle East & Africa, and Asia Pacific (including China). Mobility Segment Our Mobility segment primarily includes development costs related to our autonomous vehicles and our investment in mobility through Ford Smart Mobility LLC (“FSM”). Autonomous vehicles includes self-driving systems development and vehicle integration, autonomous vehicle research and advanced engineering, autonomous vehicle transportation-as-a-service network development, user experience, and business strategy and business development teams. FSM designs and builds mobility services on its own, and collaborates with start-ups and technology companies. Ford Credit Segment The Ford Credit segment is comprised of the Ford Credit business on a consolidated basis, which is primarily vehicle-related financing and leasing activities. Corporate Other Corporate Other primarily includes corporate governance expenses, interest income (excluding interest earned on our extended service contract portfolio that is included in our Automotive segment) and portfolio gains and losses from our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, and foreign exchange derivatives gains and losses associated with intercompany lending. Corporate governance expenses are primarily administrative, delivering benefit on behalf of the global enterprise and are not allocated to specific Automotive business units or operating segments. These include expenses related to setting and directing global policy, providing oversight and stewardship, and promoting the Company’s interests. The underlying assets and liabilities associated with these activities remain with the respective Automotive and Mobility segments. Interest on Debt Interest on Debt is presented as a separate reconciling item and consists of interest expense on Automotive and Other debt. The underlying liability is reported in the Automotive segment and in Corporate Other. NOTE 24. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) Special Items Special Items are presented as a separate reconciling item. They consist of (i) pension and OPEB remeasurement gains and losses, (ii) significant personnel and dealer-related costs stemming from our efforts to match production capacity and cost structure to market demand and changing model mix, and (iii) other items that we do not necessarily consider to be indicative of earnings from ongoing operating activities. Our management excludes these items from its review of the results of the operating segments for purposes of measuring segment profitability and allocating resources. We also report these special items separately to help investors track amounts related to these activities and to allow investors analyzing our results to identify certain infrequent significant items that they may wish to exclude when considering the trend of ongoing operating results. Key financial information for the years ended or at December 31 was as follows (in millions): Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Corporate Other Interest on Debt Special Items Adjustments Total 2016 Revenues $ 141,546 $ 1 $ 10,253 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 151,800 Income/(loss) before income taxes 10,050 (117 ) 1,879 (498 ) (951 ) (3,579 ) — 6,784 Depreciation and tooling amortization 4,667 — 4,356 — — — — 9,023 Interest expense — — 2,751 — 951 — — 3,702 Investment-related interest income 75 — 76 140 — — — 291 Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 1,747 — 33 — — — — 1,780 Cash outflow for capital spending 6,947 — 45 — — — — 6,992 Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash 27,467 8 11,466 — — — — 38,941 Total assets 97,488 69 146,503 — — — (5,550 ) (a) 238,510 2017 Revenues $ 145,653 $ 10 $ 11,113 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 156,776 Income/(loss) before income taxes 8,084 (299 ) 2,310 (457 ) (1,190 ) (289 ) — 8,159 Depreciation and tooling amortization 4,963 — 4,159 — — — — 9,122 Interest expense — — 3,174 — 1,190 — — 4,364 Investment-related interest income 93 — 118 248 — — — 459 Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 1,169 — 32 — — — — 1,201 Cash outflow for capital spending 7,001 3 45 — — — — 7,049 Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash 26,499 11 12,563 — — — — 39,073 Total assets 103,573 96 160,594 — — — (5,767 ) (a) 258,496 2018 Revenues $ 148,294 $ 26 $ 12,018 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 160,338 Income/(loss) before income taxes 5,422 (674 ) 2,627 (373 ) (1,228 ) (1,429 ) — 4,345 Depreciation and tooling amortization 5,368 16 3,896 — — — — 9,280 Interest expense — — 3,929 — 1,228 — — 5,157 Investment-related interest income 109 — 201 357 — — — 667 Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 95 — 28 — — — — 123 Cash outflow for capital spending 7,677 60 48 — — — — 7,785 Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash 22,999 86 11,055 — — — — 34,140 Total assets 100,105 558 161,678 — — — (5,801 ) (a) 256,540 __________ (a) Includes deferred tax netting and eliminations of intersegment transactions occurring in the ordinary course of business. NOTE 24. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) Geographic Information We report revenue on a “where-sold” basis, which reflects the revenue within the country in which the ultimate sale or financing is made to our external customer. Total Company revenues and long-lived assets, split geographically by our country of domicile (the United States) and other countries where our major subsidiaries are domiciled, for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Revenues Long-Lived Assets (a) Revenues Long-Lived Assets (a) Revenues Long-Lived Assets (a) United States $ 93,433 $ 42,946 $ 93,844 $ 42,504 $ 97,546 $ 44,940 United Kingdom 10,041 1,302 9,619 1,691 9,703 1,650 Canada 10,028 4,264 10,580 4,771 10,541 4,604 Germany 7,322 2,254 7,265 3,182 7,894 3,593 All Other 30,976 10,135 35,468 11,414 34,654 10,510 Total Company $ 151,800 $ 60,901 $ 156,776 $ 63,562 $ 160,338 $ 65,297 __________ (a) Includes Net property and Net investment in operating leases from our consolidated balance sheet.

Selected Quarterly Financial Da

Selected Quarterly Financial Data	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Selected Quarterly Financial Information [Abstract]
SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA	SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (unaudited) Selected financial data by calendar quarter were as follows (in millions, except per share amounts): 2017 2018 First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Total revenues $ 39,146 $ 39,853 $ 36,451 $ 41,326 $ 41,959 $ 38,920 $ 37,666 $ 41,793 Income/(Loss) before income taxes 2,251 2,266 1,770 1,872 1,919 1,349 1,094 (17 ) Amounts Attributable to Ford Motor Company Common and Class B Shareholders Net income/(loss) $ 1,592 $ 2,047 $ 1,572 $ 2,520 $ 1,736 $ 1,066 $ 991 $ (116 ) Common and Class B per share from income from continuing operations Basic $ 0.40 $ 0.51 $ 0.40 $ 0.63 $ 0.44 $ 0.27 $ 0.25 $ (0.03 ) Diluted 0.40 0.51 0.39 0.63 0.43 0.27 0.25 (0.03 ) Certain of the quarterly results identified in the table above include material unusual or infrequently occurring items as follows on a pre-tax basis, except for tax items: The fourth quarter 2017 results include a curtailment gain of $354 million relating to a plan amendment to our principal salaried defined benefit pension plan in the United States. The fourth quarter 2017 net income includes tax benefits of $520 million and $484 million related to U.S. tax legislation in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and non-U.S. restructuring, respectively. The fourth quarter 2018 results include a pension and OPEB net remeasurement loss of $877 million .

Subsequent Event (Notes)

Subsequent Event (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events [Text Block]	SUBSEQUENT EVENT On February 15, 2019, Ford Motor Company Brasil Ltda. (“Ford Brazil”), our subsidiary in Brazil, committed to a plan to exit the commercial heavy truck business in South America. As a result, Ford Brazil will cease production at the São Bernardo do Campo plant in Brazil during 2019, ending sales in South America of the Cargo heavy truck lineup, F-4000, and F-350, as well as Fiesta cars. In connection with this announcement, we expect to record pre-tax special item charges of about $460 million . The charges will include approximately $100 million of non-cash charges for accelerated depreciation and amortization. The remaining charges of about $360 million will be paid in cash and are primarily attributable to separation and termination payments for employees, dealers, and suppliers. Most of these pre-tax special item charges and cash outflows will be recorded in 2019.

Schedule of Valuation and Quali

Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Notes)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Text Block]	Description Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to Costs and Expenses Deductions Balance at End of Period For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 Allowances deducted from assets Credit losses $ 437 $ 551 $ 421 (a) $ 567 Doubtful receivables 372 24 19 (b) 377 Inventories (primarily service part obsolescence) 227 (26 ) (c) — 201 Deferred tax assets 1,831 209 (d) 1,131 (e) 909 Total allowances deducted from assets $ 2,867 $ 758 $ 1,571 $ 2,054 For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 Allowances deducted from assets Credit losses $ 567 $ 595 $ 483 (a) $ 679 Doubtful receivables 377 24 (3 ) (b) 404 Inventories (primarily service part obsolescence) 201 42 (c) — 243 Deferred tax assets 909 583 (d) — 1,492 Total allowances deducted from assets $ 2,054 $ 1,244 $ 480 $ 2,818 For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Allowances deducted from assets Credit losses $ 679 $ 524 $ 533 (a) $ 670 Doubtful receivables 404 5 315 (b) 94 Inventories (primarily service part obsolescence) 243 130 (c) — 373 Deferred tax assets 1,492 (519 ) (d) — 973 Total allowances deducted from assets $ 2,818 $ 140 $ 848 $ 2,110 _________ (a) Finance receivables and lease investments deemed to be uncollectible and other changes, principally amounts related to finance receivables sold and translation adjustments. (b) Accounts and notes receivable deemed to be uncollectible as well as translation adjustments. (c) Net change in inventory allowances, including translation adjustments. (d) Includes $26 million , $127 million , and $(101) million in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, of valuation allowance for deferred tax assets through Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss), including translation adjustments and $183 million , $456 million , and $(418) million in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, of valuation allowance for deferred tax assets through the income statement. (e) During 2016 we elected to tax a significant portion of our South American operations simultaneously in U.S. tax returns resulting in a $1.1 billion reduction in deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance.

Summary of Accounting Policie_2

Summary of Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Consolidation and Intercompany Transactions, Policy [Policy Text Block]	For purposes of this report, “Ford,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us,” or similar references mean Ford Motor Company, our consolidated subsidiaries, and our consolidated VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary, unless the context requires otherwise.
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Our financial statements are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”).
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]	In June 2018, Argentina was classified as having a highly inflationary economy due to the three-year cumulative consumer price index exceeding 100% . As a result, we changed the functional currency for our operations in Argentina from the Argentine peso to the U.S. dollar as of July 1, 2018. Foreign Currency We remeasure monetary assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is different than a reporting entity’s functional currency from the transactional currency to the legal entity’s functional currency. The effect of this remeasurement process and the results of our foreign currency hedging activities are reported in Cost of sales and Other income/(loss), net and were $307 million , $307 million , and $(121) million , for the years ended 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. Generally, our foreign subsidiaries use the local currency as their functional currency. We translate the assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries from their respective functional currencies to U.S. dollars using end-of-period exchange rates. Changes in the carrying value of these assets and liabilities attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates are recognized in Foreign currency translation , a component of Other comprehensive income/(Ioss), net of tax. Upon sale or upon complete or substantially complete liquidation of an investment in a foreign subsidiary, the amount of accumulated foreign currency translation related to the entity is reclassified to income and recognized as part of the gain or loss on the investment.
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect our results. Estimates are used to account for certain items such as marketing accruals, warranty costs, employee benefit programs, etc. Estimates are based on assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved with estimates, actual results may differ.
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value due to interest rate, quoted price, or penalty on withdrawal. A debt security is classified as a cash equivalent if it meets these criteria and if it has a remaining time to maturity of three months or less from the date of acquisition. Amounts on deposit and available upon demand, or negotiated to provide for daily liquidity without penalty, are classified as Cash and cash equivalents . Time deposits, certificates of deposit, and money market accounts that meet the above criteria are reported at par value on our consolidated balance sheet.
Restricted Cash, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Restricted Cash Cash and cash equivalents that are restricted as to withdrawal or use under the terms of certain contractual agreements are recorded in Other assets in the non-current assets section of our consolidated balance sheet. Our Automotive segment restricted cash balances primarily include various escrow agreements related to legal, insurance, customs, and environmental matters. Our Ford Credit segment restricted cash balances primarily include cash held to meet certain local governmental and regulatory reserve requirements and cash held under the terms of certain contractual agreements. Mobility segment restricted cash balances primarily include cash held under the terms of certain contractual agreements. Restricted cash does not include required minimum balances or cash securing debt issued through securitization transactions.
Marketable Securities, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Marketable Securities Investments in securities with a maturity date greater than three months at the date of purchase and other securities for which there is more than an insignificant risk of change in value due to interest rate, quoted price, or penalty on withdrawal are classified as Marketable securities . Realized gains and losses and interest income on all of our marketable securities and unrealized gains and losses on securities not classified as available for sale are recorded in Other income/(loss), net . Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities are recognized in Unrealized gains and losses on securities , a component of Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax . Realized gains and losses and reclassifications of accumulated other comprehensive income into net income are measured using the specific identification method. On a quarterly basis, we review our available for sale securities for impairment. If we conclude that any of these investments are impaired, we determine whether such impairment is other-than-temporary. Factors we consider to make such determination include the duration and severity of the impairment, the reason for the decline in value, and the potential recovery period and our intent to sell. If any impairment is considered other-than-temporary, we will write down the asset to its fair value and record the corresponding charge in Other income/(loss), net .
Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Trade Receivables Trade and other receivables consists primarily of Automotive segment receivables from contracts with customers for the sale of vehicles, parts, and accessories. Trade receivables initially are recorded at the transaction amount and are typically outstanding for less than 30 days. Each reporting period, we evaluate the collectability of the receivables and record an allowance for doubtful accounts representing our estimate of the probable losses. Additions to the allowance for doubtful accounts are made by recording charges to bad debt expense reported in Selling, administrative, and other expenses.
Intangible Assets, Indefinite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Net Intangible Assets and Goodwill Indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate the assets may be impaired. Goodwill impairment testing is also performed following an allocation of goodwill to a business to be disposed or a change in reporting units. We test for impairment by assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset or the reporting unit allocated the goodwill is less than its carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment indicates a possible impairment, the carrying value of the asset or reporting unit is compared with its fair value. Fair value is measured relying primarily on the income approach by applying a discounted cash flow method.
Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]	We capitalize and amortize our finite-lived intangible assets over their estimated useful lives.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Net Intangible Assets and Goodwill Indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate the assets may be impaired. Goodwill impairment testing is also performed following an allocation of goodwill to a business to be disposed or a change in reporting units. We test for impairment by assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset or the reporting unit allocated the goodwill is less than its carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment indicates a possible impairment, the carrying value of the asset or reporting unit is compared with its fair value. Fair value is measured relying primarily on the income approach by applying a discounted cash flow method. We capitalize and amortize our finite-lived intangible assets over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets are comprised primarily of licensing and advertising agreements, land rights, patents, customer contracts, and technology.
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Long-Lived Asset Impairment We test long-lived asset groups for recoverability when changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Events that trigger a test for recoverability include material adverse changes in projected revenues and expenses, significant underperformance relative to historical and projected future operating results, significant negative industry or economic trends, and a significant adverse change in the manner in which an asset group is used or in its physical condition. When a triggering event occurs, a test for recoverability is performed, comparing projected undiscounted future cash flows to the carrying value of the asset group. If the test for recoverability identifies a possible impairment, the asset group’s fair value is measured relying primarily on a discounted cash flow method. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. When an impairment loss is recognized for assets to be held and used, the adjusted carrying amount of those assets is depreciated over their remaining useful life.
Fair Value Measurements, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Fair Value Measurements We measure fair value of our financial instruments including those held within our pension plans using various valuation methods and prioritize the use of observable inputs. The use of observable and unobservable inputs and their significance in measuring fair value are reflected in our fair value hierarchy. • Level 1 - inputs include quoted prices for identical instruments and are the most observable • Level 2 - inputs include quoted prices for similar instruments and observable inputs such as interest rates, currency exchange rates, and yield curves • Level 3 - inputs include data not observable in the market and reflect management judgment about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the instruments Fixed income securities, equities, commingled funds, derivative financial instruments, and alternative assets are remeasured and presented within our financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis. Finance receivables and debt are measured at fair value for the purpose of disclosure. Other assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Transfers into and transfers out of the hierarchy levels are recognized as if they had taken place at the end of the reporting period. Valuation Method Fixed Income Securities . Fixed income securities primarily include government securities, government agency securities, corporate bonds, and asset-backed securities. We generally measure the fair value using prices obtained from pricing services or quotes from dealers that make markets in such securities. Pricing methods and inputs to valuation models used by the pricing services depend on the security type (i.e., asset class). Where possible, fair values are generated using market inputs including quoted prices (the closing price in an exchange market), bid prices (the price at which a buyer stands ready to purchase), and other market information. For fixed income securities that are not actively traded, the pricing services use alternative methods to determine fair value for the securities, including quotes for similar fixed-income securities, matrix pricing, discounted cash flow using benchmark curves, or other factors. In certain cases, when market data is not available, we may use broker quotes or pricing services that use proprietary pricing models to determine fair value. The proprietary models incorporate unobservable inputs primarily consisting of prepayment curves, discount rates, default assumptions, recovery rates, yield assumptions, and credit spread assumptions. An annual review is performed on the security prices received from our pricing services, which includes discussion and analysis of the inputs used by the pricing services to value our securities. The price of certain securities sold close to the quarter end are also compared to the price of the same security at the balance sheet date to ensure the reported fair value is reasonable. Equities. Equity securities are primarily exchange-traded and are valued based on the closing bid, official close, or last trade pricing on an active exchange. If closing prices are not available, securities are valued at the last quoted bid price or may be valued using the last available price. Securities that are thinly traded or delisted are valued using unobservable pricing data. Commingled Funds. Fixed income and public equity securities may each be combined into commingled fund investments. Most commingled funds are valued to reflect our interest in the fund based on the reported year-end net asset value (“NAV”). NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued) Derivative Financial Instruments. Exchange-traded derivatives for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the last reported sale price or official closing price as reported by an independent pricing service on the primary market or exchange on which they are traded. Over-the-counter derivatives are not exchange traded and are valued using independent pricing services or industry-standard valuation models such as a discounted cash flow. When discounted cash flow models are used, projected future cash flows are discounted to a present value using market-based expectations for interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, and the contractual terms of the derivative instruments. The discount rate used is the relevant interbank deposit rate (e.g., LIBOR) plus an adjustment for non-performance risk. The adjustment reflects the full credit default swap (“CDS”) spread applied to a net exposure, by counterparty, considering the master netting agreements and any posted collateral. We use our counterparty’s CDS spread when we are in a net asset position and our own CDS spread when we are in a net liability position. In cases where market data is not available we use broker quotes and models (e.g., Black-Scholes) to determine fair value. This includes situations where there is lack of liquidity for a particular currency or commodity, or when the instrument is longer dated. Alternative Assets. Hedge funds generally hold liquid and readily-priced securities, such as public equities, exchange-traded derivatives, and corporate bonds. Private equity and real estate investments are less liquid. External investment managers typically report valuations reflecting initial cost or updated appraisals, which are adjusted for cash flows, and realized and unrealized gains/losses. All alternative assets are valued at the NAV provided by the investment sponsor or third party administrator, as they do not have readily-available market quotations. Valuations may be lagged up to 6 months. The NAV will be adjusted for cash flows (additional investments or contributions, and distributions) through year-end. We may make further adjustments for any known substantive valuation changes not reflected in the NAV. The Ford-Werke GmbH (“Ford-Werke”) defined benefit plan is primarily funded through a group insurance contract (see Note 17 ). We measure the fair value of the insurance asset by projecting expected future cash flows from the contract and discounting them to present value based on current market rates including an assessment for non-performance risk of the insurance company. The assumptions used to project expected future cash flows are based on actuarial estimates and are unobservable; therefore, the contract is categorized within Level 3 of the hierarchy. Finance Receivables. We measure finance receivables at fair value using internal valuation models (see Note 10 ). These models project future cash flows of financing contracts based on scheduled contract payments (including principal and interest). The projected cash flows are discounted to present value based on assumptions regarding credit losses, pre-payment speed, and applicable spreads to approximate current rates. Our assumptions regarding pre-payment speed and credit losses are based on historical performance. The fair value of finance receivables is categorized within Level 3 of the hierarchy. On a nonrecurring basis, we also measure at fair value retail contracts greater than 120 days past due or deemed to be uncollectible, and individual dealer loans probable of foreclosure. We use the fair value of collateral, adjusted for estimated costs to sell, to determine the fair value of our receivables. The collateral for a retail receivable is the vehicle financed, and for dealer loans is real estate or other property. The fair value of collateral for retail receivables is calculated by multiplying the outstanding receivable balances by the average recovery value percentage. The fair value of collateral for dealer loans is determined by reviewing various appraisals, which include total adjusted appraised value of land and improvements, alternate use appraised value, broker’s opinion of value, and purchase offers. Debt. We measure debt at fair value using quoted prices for our own debt with approximately the same remaining maturities (see Note 18 ). Where quoted prices are not available, we estimate fair value using discounted cash flows and market-based expectations for interest rates, credit risk, and the contractual terms of the debt instruments. For certain short-term debt with an original maturity date of one year or less, we assume that book value is a reasonable approximation of the debt’s fair value. The fair value of debt is categorized within Level 2 of the hierarchy.
Employee Separation Actions [Policy Text Block]	Employee Separation Actions and Exit and Disposal Activities We record costs associated with voluntary separations at the time of employee acceptance, unless the acceptance requires explicit approval by the Company. We record costs associated with involuntary separation programs when management has approved the plan for separation, the affected employees are identified, and it is unlikely that actions required to complete the separation plan will change significantly. When a plan of separation requires approval by or consultation with the relevant labor organization or government, the costs are recorded after the required approval or consultation process is complete. Costs associated with benefits that are contingent on the employee continuing to provide service are accrued over the required service period. Additionally, under certain labor agreements, we are required to pay transitional benefits to our employees who are idled. For employees who are temporarily idled, we expense the benefits on an as-incurred basis. For employees who are permanently idled, we expense all of the expected future benefit payments in the period when it is probable that the employees will be permanently idled. Our accrual for these future benefit payments to permanently idled employees takes into account several factors: the demographics of the population at each affected facility, redeployment alternatives, estimate of benefits to be paid, and recent experience relative to voluntary redeployments.
Finance and Lease Incentives [Policy Text Block]	Finance and Lease Incentives We offer special financing and lease incentives to customers who choose to finance or lease Ford or Lincoln vehicles with Ford Credit. The cost for these incentives is included in our estimate of variable consideration when the vehicle is sold to the dealer. Ford Credit records a reduction to the finance receivable or reduces the cost of the vehicle operating lease when it records the underlying finance contract and we transfer to it the amount of the incentive on behalf of the dealer’s customer. See Note 1 for additional information regarding transactions between Automotive and Ford Credit.
Cost of Sales, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Supplier Price Adjustments We frequently negotiate price adjustments with our suppliers throughout a production cycle, even after receiving production material. These price adjustments relate to changes in design specification or other commercial terms such as economics, productivity, and competitive pricing. We recognize price adjustments when we reach final agreement with our suppliers. In general, we avoid direct price changes in consideration of future business; however, when these occur, our policy is to defer the financial statement impact of any such price change given explicitly in consideration of future business where guaranteed volumes are specified.
Government Grants and Loan Incentives [Policy Text Block]	Government Incentives We receive incentives from U.S. and non-U.S. governmental entities in the form of tax rebates or credits, grants, and loans. Government incentives are recorded in the financial statements in accordance with their purpose as a reduction of expense, a reduction of the cost of the capital investment, or other income. The benefit is recorded when all conditions attached to the incentive have been met and there is reasonable assurance of receipt.
Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Engineering, research, and development expenses, primarily salaries, materials, and associated costs, are reported in Cost of sales ; Engineering, research, and development costs are expensed as incurred when performed internally or when performed by a supplier if we guarantee reimbursement.
Advertising Cost, Policy [Policy Text Block]	advertising costs are reported in Selling, administrative, and other expenses . Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
RevenueTransactionPriceMeasurementTaxExclusionPolicy [Policy Text Block]	Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Sales, value add, and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue.
Revenue Recognition, Sales of Services [Policy Text Block]	Extended Service Contracts. We sell separately priced service contracts that extend mechanical and maintenance coverages beyond our base warranty agreements to vehicle owners. The separately priced service contracts range from 12 to 120 months . We receive payment at contract inception and recognize revenue over the term of the agreement in proportion to the costs we expect to incur in satisfying the contract obligations. At January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017 , $3.5 billion and $3.8 billion , respectively, of unearned revenue associated with outstanding contracts was reported in Other liabilities and deferred revenue. We recognized $1 billion and $1.1 billion of the unearned amounts as revenue during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. At December 31, 2018 , the unearned amount was $4 billion . We expect to recognize approximately $1.2 billion of the unearned amount in 2019 , $1.1 billion in 2020 , and $1.7 billion thereafter. We record a premium deficiency reserve to the extent we estimate the future costs associated with these contracts exceed the unrecognized revenue. Amounts paid to dealers to obtain these contracts are deferred and recorded as Other assets . These costs are amortized to expense consistent with how the related revenue is recognized. We had a balance of $232 million and $247 million in deferred costs as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively, and recognized $63 million and $73 million of amortization during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. Other Revenue. Other revenue consists primarily of net commissions received for serving as the agent in facilitating the sale of a third party’s products or services to our customers, payments for vehicle - related design and testing services we perform for others, and revenue associated with various Mobility operations. We have applied the practical expedient to recognize Automotive revenues for vehicle-related design and testing services over the two to three year term of these agreements in proportion to the amount we have the right to invoice.
Revenue Recognition Leases, Operating [Policy Text Block]	Leasing Income. We sell vehicles to daily rental companies with an obligation to repurchase the vehicles for a guaranteed amount, exercisable at the option of the customer. The transactions are accounted for as operating leases. Upon the transfer of vehicles to the daily rental companies, we record proceeds received in Other liabilities and deferred revenue. The difference between the proceeds received and the guaranteed repurchase amount is recorded in Automotive revenues over the term of the lease using a straight-line method. The cost of the vehicle is recorded in Net investment in operating leases on our consolidated balance sheet and the difference between the cost of the vehicle and the estimated auction value is depreciated in Cost of sales over the term of the lease.
Finance Loans and Leases Receivable, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Leasing Income. Ford Credit offers leasing plans to retail consumers through Ford and Lincoln brand dealers who originate the leases. Ford Credit records an operating lease upon purchase of a vehicle subject to a lease from the dealer. The retail consumer makes lease payments representing the difference between Ford Credit’s purchase price of the vehicle and the contractual residual value of the vehicle, plus lease fees that we recognize on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease agreement. Depreciation and the gain or loss upon disposition of the vehicle is recorded in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses . NOTE 4. REVENUE (Continued) Financing Income. Ford Credit originates and purchases finance installment contracts. Financing income represents interest earned on the finance receivables (including direct financing leases). Interest is recognized using the interest method and includes the amortization of certain direct origination costs. Impaired consumer receivables include accounts that have been rewritten or modified in reorganization proceedings pursuant to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code that are considered to be Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”), as well as all accounts greater than 120 days past due. Impaired non-consumer receivables represent accounts with dealers that have weak or poor financial metrics or dealer financing that has been modified in TDRs. For all finance receivables, we define “past due” as any payment, including principal and interest, that is at least 31 days past the contractual due date. Finance receivables are recorded at time of origination or purchase at fair value and are subsequently reported at amortized cost, net of any allowance for credit losses. A restructuring of debt constitutes a TDR if we grant a concession to a debtor for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor’s financial difficulties that we otherwise would not consider. Consumer and non-consumer receivables that have a modified interest rate below market rate or that were modified in reorganization proceedings pursuant to the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, except non-consumer receivables that are current with minimal risk of loss, are considered to be TDRs. We do not grant concessions on the principal balance of our receivables. If a receivable is modified in a reorganization proceeding, all payment requirements of the reorganization plan need to be met before remaining balances are forgiven. Finance receivables involved in TDRs are specifically assessed for impairment. The accrual of revenue is discontinued at the time a receivable is determined to be uncollectible. Accounts may be restored to accrual status only when a customer settles all past-due deficiency balances and future payments are reasonably assured. For receivables in non-accrual status, subsequent financing revenue is recognized only to the extent a payment is received. Payments are generally applied first to outstanding interest and then to the unpaid principal balance.
Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Automotive Segment Vehicles, Parts, and Accessories. For the majority of vehicles, parts, and accessories, we transfer control and recognize a sale when we ship the product from our manufacturing facility to our customer (dealers and distributors). We receive cash equal to the invoice price for most vehicle sales at the time of wholesale. When the vehicle sale is financed by our wholly-owned subsidiary Ford Credit, the dealer pays Ford Credit when it sells the vehicle to the retail customer (see Note 10 ). Payment terms on part sales to dealers, distributors, and retailers range from 30 to 120 days. The amount of consideration we receive and revenue we recognize varies with changes in marketing incentives and returns we offer to our customers and their customers. When we give our dealers the right to return eligible parts and accessories, we estimate the expected returns based on an analysis of historical experience. We adjust our estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration we expect to receive changes or when the consideration becomes fixed. During 2017 and 2018 , we recorded a decrease to revenue of $887 million and $ 903 million related to sales recognized in 2016 and 2017 , respectively. NOTE 4. REVENUE (Continued) Depending on the terms of the arrangement, we may also defer the recognition of a portion of the consideration received because we have to satisfy a future obligation (e.g., free extended service contracts). We use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price for separate performance obligations or a cost plus margin approach when one is not available. We have elected to recognize the cost for freight and shipping when control over vehicles, parts, or accessories have transferred to the customer as an expense in Cost of sales . We sell vehicles to daily rental companies and guarantee that we will pay them the difference between an agreed amount and the value they are able to realize upon resale. At the time of transfer of vehicles to the daily rental companies, we record the probable amount we will pay under the guarantee to Other liabilities and deferred revenue. Used Vehicles. We sell used vehicles both at auction and through our consolidated dealerships. Proceeds from the sale of these vehicles are recognized in Automotive revenues upon transfer of control of the vehicle to the customer and the related vehicle carrying value is recognized in Cost of sales . Extended Service Contracts. We sell separately priced service contracts that extend mechanical and maintenance coverages beyond our base warranty agreements to vehicle owners. The separately priced service contracts range from 12 to 120 months . We receive payment at contract inception and recognize revenue over the term of the agreement in proportion to the costs we expect to incur in satisfying the contract obligations. At January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2017 , $3.5 billion and $3.8 billion , respectively, of unearned revenue associated with outstanding contracts was reported in Other liabilities and deferred revenue. We recognized $1 billion and $1.1 billion of the unearned amounts as revenue during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. At December 31, 2018 , the unearned amount was $4 billion . We expect to recognize approximately $1.2 billion of the unearned amount in 2019 , $1.1 billion in 2020 , and $1.7 billion thereafter. We record a premium deficiency reserve to the extent we estimate the future costs associated with these contracts exceed the unrecognized revenue. Amounts paid to dealers to obtain these contracts are deferred and recorded as Other assets . These costs are amortized to expense consistent with how the related revenue is recognized. We had a balance of $232 million and $247 million in deferred costs as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively, and recognized $63 million and $73 million of amortization during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively. Other Revenue. Other revenue consists primarily of net commissions received for serving as the agent in facilitating the sale of a third party’s products or services to our customers, payments for vehicle - related design and testing services we perform for others, and revenue associated with various Mobility operations. We have applied the practical expedient to recognize Automotive revenues for vehicle-related design and testing services over the two to three year term of these agreements in proportion to the amount we have the right to invoice. Leasing Income. We sell vehicles to daily rental companies with an obligation to repurchase the vehicles for a guaranteed amount, exercisable at the option of the customer. The transactions are accounted for as operating leases. Upon the transfer of vehicles to the daily rental companies, we record proceeds received in Other liabilities and deferred revenue. The difference between the proceeds received and the guaranteed repurchase amount is recorded in Automotive revenues over the term of the lease using a straight-line method. The cost of the vehicle is recorded in Net investment in operating leases on our consolidated balance sheet and the difference between the cost of the vehicle and the estimated auction value is depreciated in Cost of sales over the term of the lease. Ford Credit Segment Leasing Income. Ford Credit offers leasing plans to retail consumers through Ford and Lincoln brand dealers who originate the leases. Ford Credit records an operating lease upon purchase of a vehicle subject to a lease from the dealer. The retail consumer makes lease payments representing the difference between Ford Credit’s purchase price of the vehicle and the contractual residual value of the vehicle, plus lease fees that we recognize on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease agreement. Depreciation and the gain or loss upon disposition of the vehicle is recorded in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses . NOTE 4. REVENUE (Continued) Financing Income. Ford Credit originates and purchases finance installment contracts. Financing income represents interest earned on the finance receivables (including direct financing leases). Interest is recognized using the interest method and includes the amortization of certain direct origination costs. Insurance Income. Income from insurance contracts is recognized evenly over the term of the agreement. Insurance commission revenue is recognized on a net basis at the time of sale of the third party’s product or service to our customer.
Revenue Recognition, Premiums Earned, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Insurance Income. Income from insurance contracts is recognized evenly over the term of the agreement. Insurance commission revenue is recognized on a net basis at the time of sale of the third party’s product or service to our customer.
Share-based Compensation [Abstract]
Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]	Under our Long-Term Incentive Plans, we may issue restricted stock units (“RSUs”), restricted stock shares (“RSSs”), and stock options. RSUs and RSSs consist of time-based and performance-based awards. The number of shares that may be granted in any year is limited to 2% of our issued and outstanding Common Stock as of December 31 of the prior calendar year. The limit may be increased up to 3% in any year, with a corresponding reduction in shares available for grants in future years. Granted RSUs generally cliff vest or ratably vest over a three -year service period. Performance-based RSUs have two components: one based on internal financial performance metrics, and the other based on total shareholder return relative to an industrial and automotive peer group . At the time of vest, RSU awards are net settled (shares are withheld to cover the employee tax obligation). The fair value of both the time-based and the internal performance metrics portion of the performance-based RSUs and RSSs is determined using the closing price of our Common Stock at grant date . he performance-based RSUs granted in March 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 include a relative Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) metric. We estimate the fair value of the TSR component of the performance-based RSUs using a Monte Carlo simulation.
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Taxes, Policy [Policy Text Block]	We recognize income tax-related penalties in the Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes on our consolidated income statement. We recognize income tax-related interest income and interest expense in Other income/(loss), net on our consolidated income statement. We account for U.S. tax on global intangible low-tax income in the period incurred. Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences that exist between the financial statement carrying value of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards on a taxing jurisdiction basis. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates that will apply in the years in which we expect the temporary differences to be recovered or paid. NOTE 7. INCOME TAXES (Continued) Our accounting for deferred tax consequences represents our best estimate of the likely future tax consequences of events that have been recognized on our financial statements or tax returns and their future probability. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider both positive and negative evidence related to the likelihood of realization of the deferred tax assets. If, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized, we record a valuation allowance.
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]	We present both basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) amounts in our financial reporting. Basic EPS excludes dilution and is computed by dividing income available to Common and Class B Stock holders by the weighted-average number of Common and Class B Stock outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the maximum potential dilution that could occur from our share-based compensation, including “in-the-money” stock options, unvested restricted stock units, and unvested restricted stock shares. Potentially dilutive shares are excluded from the calculation if they have an anti-dilutive effect in the period.
Allowance for Credit Losses, Policy [Policy Text Block]	The allowance for credit losses represents our estimate of the probable credit loss inherent in finance receivables as of the balance sheet date. The adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is assessed quarterly and the assumptions and models used in establishing the allowance are evaluated regularly. Because credit losses may vary substantially over time, estimating credit losses requires a number of assumptions about matters that are uncertain. The majority of credit losses are attributable to Ford Credit’s consumer receivables portfolio. Additions to the allowance for credit losses are made by recording charges to Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses on our consolidated income statement. The uncollectible portion of finance receivables are charged to the allowance for credit losses at the earlier of when an account is deemed to be uncollectible or when an account is 120 days delinquent, taking into consideration the financial condition of the customer, borrower, or lessee, the value of the collateral, recourse to guarantors, and other factors. In the event we repossess the collateral, the receivable is charged off and we record the collateral at its estimated fair value less costs to sell and report it in Other assets on our consolidated balance sheet. Charge-offs on finance receivables include uncollected amounts related to principal, interest, late fees, and other allowable charges. Recoveries on finance receivables previously charged off as uncollectible are credited to the allowance for credit losses. Consumer We estimate the allowance for credit losses on our consumer receivables using a combination of measurement models and management judgment. The models consider factors such as historical trends in credit losses and recoveries (including key metrics such as delinquencies, repossessions, and bankruptcies), the composition of the present portfolio (including vehicle brand, term, risk evaluation, and new/used vehicles), trends in historical used vehicle values, and economic conditions. Estimates from these models rely on historical information and may not fully reflect losses inherent in the present portfolio. Therefore, we may adjust the estimate to reflect management judgment regarding observable changes in recent economic trends and conditions, portfolio composition, and other relevant factors. We make projections of two key assumptions to assist in estimating the consumer allowance for credit losses: • Frequency - number of finance receivables contracts that are expected to default over the loss emergence period (“LEP”), measured as repossessions; and • Loss severity - expected difference between the amount a customer owes when the finance contract is charged off and the amount received, net of expenses, from selling the repossessed vehicle. Collective Allowance for Credit Losses. The collective allowance is evaluated primarily using a collective loss-to-receivables (“LTR”) model that, based on historical experience, indicates credit losses have been incurred in the portfolio even though the particular accounts that are uncollectible cannot be specifically identified. The LTR model is based on the most recent years of history. An LTR for each product is calculated by dividing credit losses (i.e., charge-offs net of recoveries) by average net finance receivables, excluding unearned interest supplements and allowance for credit losses. The average LTR that is calculated for each product is multiplied by the end-of-period balances for that given product. NOTE 11. FORD CREDIT ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued) Our largest markets also use a loss projection model to estimate losses inherent in the portfolio. The loss projection model applies recent monthly performance metrics, stratified by contract type (retail or lease), contract term, and risk rating to our active portfolio to estimate the losses that have been incurred. The LEP is an assumption within our models and represents the average amount of time between when a loss event first occurs to when it is charged off. This time period starts when the consumer begins to experience financial difficulty. It is evidenced, typically through delinquency, before eventually resulting in a charge-off. The LEP is a multiplier in the calculation of the collective consumer allowance for credit losses. For accounts greater than 120 days past due, the uncollectible portion is charged off, such that the remaining recorded investment is equal to the estimated fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. Specific Allowance for Impaired Receivables . Consumer receivables involved in TDRs are specifically assessed for impairment. A specific allowance is estimated based on the present value of the expected future cash flows of the receivable discounted at the contract’s original effective interest rate or the fair value of any collateral adjusted for estimated costs to sell. After establishing the collective and specific allowance for credit losses, if management believes the allowance does not reflect all losses inherent in the portfolio due to changes in recent economic trends and conditions, or other relevant factors, an adjustment is made based on management judgment. Non-Consumer We estimate the allowance for credit losses for non-consumer receivables based on historical LTR ratios, expected future cash flows, and the fair value of collateral. Collective Allowance for Credit Losses . We estimate an allowance for non-consumer receivables that are not specifically identified as impaired using an LTR model for each financing product based on historical experience. This LTR is an average of the most recent historical experience and is calculated consistent with the consumer receivables LTR approach. All accounts that are specifically identified as impaired are excluded from the calculation of the non-specific or collective allowance. Specific Allowance for Impaired Receivables . Dealer financing is evaluated by segmenting individual loans by the risk characteristics of the loan (such as the amount of the loan, the nature of the collateral, and the financial status of the debtor). The loans are analyzed to determine whether individual loans are impaired, and a specific allowance is estimated based on the present value of the expected future cash flows of the receivable discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral adjusted for estimated costs to sell. After establishing the collective and the specific allowance for credit losses, if management believes the allowance does not reflect all losses inherent in the portfolio due to changes in recent economic trends and conditions, or other relevant factors, an adjustment is made based on management judgment.
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]	All inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value.
Lessor, Leases [Policy Text Block]	Assets subject to operating leases are depreciated using the straight-line method over the term of the lease to reduce the asset to its estimated residual value. Estimated residual values are based on assumptions for used vehicle prices at lease termination and the number of vehicles that are expected to be returned.
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Net property is reported at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and impairments. We capitalize new assets when we expect to use the asset for more than one year. Routine maintenance and repair costs are expensed when incurred. Property and equipment are depreciated primarily using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset. Useful lives range from 3 years to 36 years. The estimated useful lives generally are 14.5 years for machinery and equipment, 8 years for software, 30 years for land improvements, and 36 years for buildings. Tooling generally is amortized over the expected life of a product program using a straight-line method.
Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information [Abstract]
Equity Method Investments [Policy Text Block]	We use the equity method of accounting for our investments in entities over which we do not have control, but over whose operating and financial policies we are able to exercise significant influence.
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Defined benefit pension and OPEB plan obligations are remeasured at least annually as of December 31 based on the present value of projected future benefit payments for all participants for services rendered to date. The measurement of projected future benefits is dependent on the provisions of each specific plan, demographics of the group covered by the plan, and other key measurement assumptions. For plans that provide benefits dependent on salary assumptions, we include a projection of salary growth in our measurements. No assumption is made regarding any potential future changes to benefit provisions beyond those to which we are presently committed (e.g., in existing labor contracts). Net periodic benefit costs, including service cost, interest cost, and expected return on assets are determined using assumptions regarding the benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets (where applicable) as of the beginning of each year. We have elected to use a fair value of plan assets to calculate the expected return on assets in net periodic benefit cost. The funded status of the benefit plans, which represents the difference between the benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets, is calculated on a plan-by-plan basis. The benefit obligation and related funded status are determined using assumptions as of the end of each year. Actuarial gains and losses resulting from plan remeasurement are recognized in net periodic benefit cost in the period of the remeasurement. The impact of a retroactive plan amendment is recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) , and is amortized as a component of net periodic cost generally over the remaining service period of the active employees. The service cost component is included in Cost of sales and Selling, administrative and other expenses . Other components of net periodic benefit cost/(income) are included in Other income/(loss), net on our consolidated income statement. A curtailment results from an event that significantly reduces the expected years of future service or eliminates the accrual of defined benefits for the future services of a significant number of employees. A curtailment gain is recorded when the employees who are entitled to a benefit terminate their employment, or when a plan suspension or amendment that results in a curtailment gain is adopted. A curtailment loss is recorded when it becomes probable a curtailment loss will occur. We recognize settlement expense when the costs associated with all settlements during the year exceed the interest component of net periodic cost for the affected plan. Expense from curtailments and settlements is recorded in Other income/(loss), net . Defined Benefit Pension Plans. We have defined benefit pension plans covering hourly and salaried employees in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany and other locations. The largest portion of our worldwide obligation is associated with our U.S. plans. The vast majority of our worldwide defined benefit plans are closed to new participants. NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) In general, our defined benefit pension plans are funded (i.e., have restricted assets from which benefits are paid). Our unfunded defined benefit pension plans are treated on a “pay as you go” basis with benefit payments from general Company cash. These unfunded plans primarily include certain plans in Germany, and the U.S. defined benefit plans for senior management. OPEB . We have defined benefit OPEB plans, primarily certain health care and life insurance benefits, covering hourly and salaried employees in the United States, Canada, and other locations. The largest portion of our worldwide obligation is associated with our U.S. plans. Our OPEB plans are unfunded and the benefits are paid from general Company cash. Defined Contribution and Savings Plans . We also have defined contribution and savings plans for hourly and salaried employees in the United States and other locations. Company contributions to these plans, if any, are made from general Company cash and are expensed as incurred.
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Debt, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Our debt consists of short-term and long-term secured and unsecured debt securities, and secured and unsecured borrowings from banks and other lenders. Debt issuances are placed directly by us or through securities dealers or underwriters and are held by institutional and retail investors. In addition, Ford Credit sponsors securitization programs that provide short-term and long-term asset-backed financing through institutional investors in the U.S. and international capital markets. Debt is reported on our consolidated balance sheet at par value adjusted for unamortized discount or premium, unamortized issuance costs, and adjustments related to designated fair value hedging (see Note 19 ). Discounts, premiums, and costs directly related to the issuance of debt are capitalized and amortized over the life of the debt or to the put date and are recorded in interest expense using the effective interest method. Gains and losses on the extinguishment of debt are recorded in Other income/(loss), net .
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Derivatives, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Derivative assets and liabilities are reported on our consolidated balance sheet at fair value and are presented on a gross basis. The notional amounts of the derivative instruments do not necessarily represent amounts exchanged by the parties and are not a direct measure of our financial exposure. We also enter into master agreements with counterparties that may allow for netting of exposures in the event of default or breach of the counterparty agreement. In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to global market risks, including the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, certain commodity prices, and interest rates. To manage these risks, we enter into highly effective derivative contracts: • Foreign currency exchange contracts, including forwards, that are used to manage foreign exchange exposure; • Commodity contracts, including forwards, that are used to manage commodity price risk; • Interest rate contracts, including swaps, that are used to manage the effects of interest rate fluctuations; and • Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts that are used to manage foreign currency and interest rate exposures on foreign-denominated debt. Our derivatives are over-the-counter customized derivative transactions and are not exchange-traded. We review our hedging program, derivative positions, and overall risk management strategy on a regular basis. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting. Derivatives are reported on our consolidated balance sheet at fair value and presented on a gross basis. Derivative assets are reported in Other assets and derivative liabilities are reported in Payables and Other liabilities and deferred revenue. We have elected to apply hedge accounting to certain derivatives. Derivatives that are designated in hedging relationships are evaluated for effectiveness using regression analysis at the time they are designated and throughout the hedge period. Some derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting; for others, we elect not to apply hedge accounting. Cash Flow Hedges. Our Automotive segment has designated certain forward contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted transactions with exposure to foreign currency exchange and commodity price risks. Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are deferred in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) and are recognized in Cost of sales when the hedged item affects earnings. Our policy is to de-designate foreign currency exchange cash flow hedges prior to the time forecasted transactions are recognized as assets or liabilities on the balance sheet and report subsequent changes in fair value through Cost of sales . If it becomes probable that the originally forecasted transaction will not occur, the related amount included in Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) is reclassified and recognized in earnings. The cash flows associated with hedges designated until maturity are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows. Our cash flow hedges mature within three years. Fair Value Hedges. Our Ford Credit segment uses derivatives to reduce the risk of changes in the fair value of debt. We have designated certain receive-fixed, pay-float interest rate swaps as fair value hedges of fixed-rate debt. The risk being hedged is the risk of changes in the fair value of the hedged debt attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate. If the hedge relationship is deemed to be highly effective, we report the changes in the fair value of the hedged debt related to the risk being hedged in Ford Credit debt and Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses . Net interest settlements and accruals, and the fair value changes on hedging instruments are reported in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses . The cash flows associated with fair value hedges are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows. When a fair value hedge is de-designated, or when the derivative is terminated before maturity, the fair value adjustment to the hedged debt continues to be reported as part of the carrying value of the debt and is recognized in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses over its remaining life. NOTE 19. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (Continued) Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments. Automotive reports changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments through Cost of sales . Cash flows associated with non-designated or de-designated derivatives are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows. Our Ford Credit segment reports the gains/(losses) on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments in Other income/(loss), net . Cash flows associated with non-designated derivatives are reported in Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities on our consolidated statement of cash flows . Normal Purchases and Normal Sales Classification. We have elected to apply the normal purchases and normal sales classification for physical supply contracts that are entered into for the purpose of procuring commodities to be used in production over a reasonable period in the normal course of our business.
Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy [Policy Text Block]	In most cases, the bankruptcy remote SPEs meet the definition of VIEs for which we have determined we have both the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the entity that could be significant, and would therefore also be consolidated. We account for all securitization transactions as if they were secured financing and therefore the assets, liabilities, and related activity of these transactions are consolidated in our financial results and are included in amounts presented on the face of our consolidated balance sheet. See Note 18 for additional information on the accounting for asset-backed debt and the assets securing this debt. Certain of our joint ventures are VIEs, in which the power to direct economically significant activities is shared with the joint venture partner. Our investments in these joint ventures are accounted for as equity method investments. A VIE is an entity that either (i) has insufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, or (ii) has equity investors who lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. We consolidate VIEs of which we are the primary beneficiary. We consider ourselves the primary beneficiary of a VIE when we have both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Assets recognized as a result of consolidating these VIEs do not represent additional assets that could be used to satisfy claims against our general assets. Liabilities recognized as a result of consolidating these VIEs do not represent additional claims on our general assets; rather, they represent claims against the specific assets of the consolidated VIEs. We have the power to direct the significant activities of an entity when our management has the ability to make key operating decisions, such as decisions regarding capital or product investment or manufacturing production schedules. For securitization entities, we have the power to direct significant activities when we have the ability to exercise discretion in the servicing of financial assets (including general collection activity on current and non-current accounts and loss mitigation efforts including repossession and sale of collateral), issue additional debt, exercise a unilateral call option, add assets to revolving structures, or control investment decisions.
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Guarantees, Indemnifications and Warranties Policies [Policy Text Block]	Guarantees and indemnifications are recorded at fair value at their inception. We regularly review our performance risk under these arrangements, and in the event it becomes probable we will be required to perform under a guarantee or indemnity, the amount of probable payment is recorded. We guarantee the resale value of vehicles sold in certain arrangements to daily rental companies. The maximum potential payment of $995 million as of December 31, 2018 included in the table above represents the total proceeds we guarantee the rental company will receive on re-sale. Reflecting our present estimate of proceeds the rental companies will receive on resale from third parties, we have recorded $311 million as our best estimate of the amount we will have to pay under the guarantee. We also guarantee debt and lease obligations of certain joint ventures, as well as certain financial obligations of outside third parties, including suppliers, to support our business and economic growth. Expiration dates vary through 2033, and guarantees will terminate on payment and/or cancellation of the underlying obligation. A payment by us would be triggered by failure of the joint venture or other third party to fulfill its obligation covered by the guarantee. In some circumstances, we are entitled to recover from a third party amounts paid by us under the guarantee. However, our ability to enforce these rights is sometimes stayed until the guaranteed party is paid in full, and may be limited in the event of insolvency of the third party or other circumstances. In the ordinary course of business, we execute contracts involving indemnifications standard in the industry and indemnifications specific to a transaction, such as the sale of a business. These indemnifications might include and are not limited to claims relating to any of the following: environmental, tax, and shareholder matters; intellectual property rights; power generation contracts; governmental regulations and employment-related matters; dealer, supplier, and other commercial contractual relationships; and financial matters, such as securitizations. Performance under these indemnities generally would be triggered by a breach of terms of the contract or by a third-party claim. While some of these indemnifications are limited in nature, many of them do not limit potential payment. Therefore, we are unable to estimate a maximum amount of future payments that could result from claims made under these unlimited indemnities. Warranty and Field Service Actions We accrue obligations for warranty costs and field service actions (i.e., safety recalls, emission recalls, and other product campaigns) at the time of sale using a patterned estimation model that includes historical information regarding the nature, frequency, and average cost of claims for each vehicle line by model year. Warranty and field service action obligations are reported in Other liabilities and deferred revenue . We reevaluate the adequacy of our accruals on a regular basis. We recognize the benefit from a recovery of the costs associated with our warranty and field service actions when specifics of the recovery have been agreed with our supplier and the amount of the recovery is virtually certain. Recoveries are reported in Trade and other receivables and Other assets.
Commitments and Contingencies, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Litigation and Claims Various legal actions, proceedings, and claims (generally, “matters”) are pending or may be instituted or asserted against us. These include but are not limited to matters arising out of alleged defects in our products; product warranties; governmental regulations relating to safety, emissions, and fuel economy or other matters; government incentives; tax matters; alleged illegal acts resulting in fines or penalties; financial services; employment-related matters; dealer, supplier, and other contractual relationships; intellectual property rights; environmental matters; shareholder or investor matters; and financial reporting matters. Certain of the pending legal actions are, or purport to be, class actions. Some of the matters involve or may involve claims for compensatory, punitive, or antitrust or other treble damages in very large amounts, or demands for field service actions, environmental remediation programs, sanctions, loss of government incentives, assessments, or other relief, which, if granted, would require very large expenditures. The extent of our financial exposure to these matters is difficult to estimate. Many matters do not specify a dollar amount for damages, and many others specify only a jurisdictional minimum. To the extent an amount is asserted, our historical experience suggests that in most instances the amount asserted is not a reliable indicator of the ultimate outcome. NOTE 23. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Continued) We accrue for matters when losses are deemed probable and reasonably estimable. In evaluating matters for accrual and disclosure purposes, we take into consideration factors such as our historical experience with matters of a similar nature, the specific facts and circumstances asserted, the likelihood that we will prevail, and the severity of any potential loss. We reevaluate and update our accruals as matters progress over time. For the majority of matters, which generally arise out of alleged defects in our products, we establish an accrual based on our extensive historical experience with similar matters. We do not believe there is a reasonably possible outcome materially in excess of our accrual for these matters. For the remaining matters, where our historical experience with similar matters is of more limited value (i.e., “non-pattern matters”), we evaluate the matters primarily based on the individual facts and circumstances. For non-pattern matters, we evaluate whether there is a reasonable possibility of a material loss in excess of any accrual that can be estimated. As noted, the litigation process is subject to many uncertainties, and the outcome of individual matters is not predictable with assurance. Our assessments are based on our knowledge and experience, but the ultimate outcome of any matter could require payment substantially in excess of the amount that we have accrued and/or disclosed.
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Segment Reporting, Policy [Policy Text Block]	Below is a description of our reportable segments and other activities. Automotive Segment Our Automotive segment primarily includes the sale of Ford and Lincoln vehicles, service parts, and accessories worldwide, together with the associated costs to develop, manufacture, distribute, and service the vehicles, parts, and accessories. This segment includes revenues and costs related to our electrification vehicle programs. The segment includes the following regional business units: North America, South America, Europe, Middle East & Africa, and Asia Pacific (including China). Mobility Segment Our Mobility segment primarily includes development costs related to our autonomous vehicles and our investment in mobility through Ford Smart Mobility LLC (“FSM”). Autonomous vehicles includes self-driving systems development and vehicle integration, autonomous vehicle research and advanced engineering, autonomous vehicle transportation-as-a-service network development, user experience, and business strategy and business development teams. FSM designs and builds mobility services on its own, and collaborates with start-ups and technology companies. Ford Credit Segment The Ford Credit segment is comprised of the Ford Credit business on a consolidated basis, which is primarily vehicle-related financing and leasing activities. Corporate Other Corporate Other primarily includes corporate governance expenses, interest income (excluding interest earned on our extended service contract portfolio that is included in our Automotive segment) and portfolio gains and losses from our cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, and foreign exchange derivatives gains and losses associated with intercompany lending. Corporate governance expenses are primarily administrative, delivering benefit on behalf of the global enterprise and are not allocated to specific Automotive business units or operating segments. These include expenses related to setting and directing global policy, providing oversight and stewardship, and promoting the Company’s interests. The underlying assets and liabilities associated with these activities remain with the respective Automotive and Mobility segments. Interest on Debt Interest on Debt is presented as a separate reconciling item and consists of interest expense on Automotive and Other debt. The underlying liability is reported in the Automotive segment and in Corporate Other. NOTE 24. SEGMENT INFORMATION (Continued) Special Items Special Items are presented as a separate reconciling item. They consist of (i) pension and OPEB remeasurement gains and losses, (ii) significant personnel and dealer-related costs stemming from our efforts to match production capacity and cost structure to market demand and changing model mix, and (iii) other items that we do not necessarily consider to be indicative of earnings from ongoing operating activities. Our management excludes these items from its review of the results of the operating segments for purposes of measuring segment profitability and allocating resources. We also report these special items separately to help investors track amounts related to these activities and to allow investors analyzing our results to identify certain infrequent significant items that they may wish to exclude when considering the trend of ongoing operating results. We report revenue on a “where-sold” basis, which reflects the revenue within the country in which the ultimate sale or financing is made to our external customer.

Presentation (Tables)

Presentation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Schedule of Related Party Transaction Impacting Balance Sheet [Table Text Block]	Additional detail regarding certain transactions and the effect on each segment at December 31 was as follows (in billions): 2017 2018 Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Trade and other receivables (a) $ 5.8 $ 6.8 Unearned interest supplements and residual support (b) (6.1 ) (6.8 ) Finance receivables and other (c) 1.9 2.1 Intersegment receivables/(payables) $ (2.7 ) $ (0.1 ) 2.8 $ (1.2 ) $ (1.1 ) 2.3 __________ (a) Automotive receivables (generated primarily from vehicle and parts sales to third parties) sold to Ford Credit. (b) Automotive segment pays amounts to Ford Credit at the point of retail financing or lease origination which represent interest supplements and residual support. (c) Primarily receivables with entities that are consolidated subsidiaries of Ford
Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Table Text Block]	The effect of this change on our consolidated financial statements for the years ended or at December 31 was as follows (in millions except for per share amounts): 2016 2017 Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Income statement Cost of sales $ 126,183 $ 126,195 $ 12 $ 131,332 $ 131,321 $ (11 ) Income before income taxes 6,796 6,784 (12 ) 8,148 8,159 11 Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes 2,189 2,184 (5 ) 520 402 (118 ) Net income 4,607 4,600 (7 ) 7,628 7,757 129 Net income attributable to Ford Motor Company 4,596 4,589 (7 ) 7,602 7,731 129 Basic earning per share attributable to Ford Motor Company 1.16 1.16 — 1.91 1.94 0.03 Diluted earning per share attributable to Ford Motor Company 1.15 1.15 — 1.90 1.93 0.03 2017 Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Balance sheet Inventories $ 10,277 $ 11,176 $ 899 Deferred income taxes (assets) 10,973 10,762 (211 ) Retained earnings 21,218 21,906 688 2016 2017 Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Previously Reported As Revised Effect of Change Higher/(Lower) Cash flows from operating activities Net income $ 4,607 $ 4,600 $ (7 ) $ 7,628 $ 7,757 $ 129 Provision for deferred income taxes 1,478 1,473 (5 ) (232 ) (350 ) (118 ) Decrease/(Increase) in inventory (815 ) (803 ) 12 (959 ) (970 ) (11 )

Summary of Accounting Policie_3

Summary of Accounting Policies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Costs [Table Text Block]	Engineering, research, development, and advertising expenses for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in billions): 2016 2017 2018 Engineering, research, and development $ 7.3 $ 8.0 $ 8.2 Advertising 4.3 4.1 4.0

Revenue Revenue (Tables)

Revenue Revenue (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
DisaggregationOfRevenue	The following tables disaggregate our revenue by major source for the years ended December 31 (in millions): 2017 Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Vehicles, parts, and accessories $ 140,171 $ — $ — $ 140,171 Used vehicles 2,956 — — 2,956 Extended service contracts 1,236 — — 1,236 Other revenue 815 10 219 1,044 Revenues from sales and services 145,178 10 219 145,407 Leasing income 475 — 5,552 6,027 Financing income — — 5,184 5,184 Insurance income — — 158 158 Total revenues $ 145,653 $ 10 $ 11,113 $ 156,776 2018 Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Vehicles, parts, and accessories $ 142,532 $ — $ — $ 142,532 Used vehicles 3,022 — — 3,022 Extended service contracts 1,323 — — 1,323 Other revenue 879 26 218 1,123 Revenues from sales and services 147,756 26 218 148,000 Leasing income 538 — 5,795 6,333 Financing income — — 5,841 5,841 Insurance income — — 164 164 Total revenues $ 148,294 $ 26 $ 12,018 $ 160,338

Other Income (Loss) (Tables)

Other Income (Loss) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Schedule of Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Table Text Block]	The amounts included in Other income/(loss), net for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Net periodic pension and OPEB income/(cost), excluding service cost $ (1,625 ) $ 1,757 $ 786 Investment-related interest income 291 459 667 Interest income/(expense) on income taxes 3 2 33 Realized and unrealized gains/(losses) on cash equivalents, marketable securities, and other securities 2 (23 ) 115 Gains/(Losses) on changes in investments in affiliates 139 14 42 Royalty income 714 678 491 Insurance premiums earned 156 — — Other 489 380 113 Total $ 169 $ 3,267 $ 2,247

Share-Based Compensation (Table

Share-Based Compensation (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Fair And Intrinsic Value Of Restricted Stock Units [Table Text Block]	The fair value of vested RSUs and RSSs as well as the compensation cost for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Fair value of vested shares $ 157 $ 175 $ 187 Compensation cost (a) 135 193 162
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]	Inputs and assumptions used to calculate the fair value at grant date were as follows: 2016 2017 2018 Fair value per stock award $ 15.56 $ 12.44 $ 9.03 Grant date stock price 13.54 12.66 10.40 Assumptions: Ford’s stock price expected volatility (a) 23.1 % 23.4 % 22.9 % Expected average volatility of peer companies (a) 26.4 26.0 25.4 Risk-free interest rate 0.98 1.57 2.46 Dividend yield 4.43 4.74 5.00 __________ (a) Expected volatility based on three years of daily closing share price changes ending on the grant date.
Restricted Stock Units Activity [Table Text Block]	During 2018 , activity for RSUs and RSSs was as follows (in millions, except for weighted average fair value): Shares Weighted- Average Fair Value Outstanding, beginning of year 44.4 $ 13.32 Granted 37.7 9.89 Vested (13.7 ) 13.68 Forfeited (4.3 ) 13.85 Outstanding, end of year 64.1 10.80

Income Taxes (Tables)

Income Taxes (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Components of income tax [Table Text Block]	Components of income taxes excluding cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles, other comprehensive income, and equity in net results of affiliated companies accounted for after-tax, for the years ended December 31 were as follows: 2016 2017 2018 Income before income taxes (in millions) U.S. $ 5,254 $ 4,861 $ 2,051 Non-U.S. 1,530 3,298 2,294 Total $ 6,784 $ 8,159 $ 4,345 Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes (in millions) Current Federal $ (122 ) $ (125 ) $ 75 Non-U.S. 630 868 690 State and local 12 85 (6 ) Total current 520 828 759 Deferred Federal 1,318 (1,214 ) (360 ) Non-U.S. 121 593 239 State and local 225 195 12 Total deferred 1,664 (426 ) (109 ) Total $ 2,184 $ 402 $ 650 Reconciliation of effective tax rate U.S. statutory rate 35.0 % 35.0 % 21.0 % Non-U.S. tax rates under U.S. rates (1.0 ) (4.9 ) (1.2 ) State and local income taxes 2.3 2.2 2.0 General business credits (3.1 ) (3.6 ) (9.2 ) Dispositions and restructurings 7.4 (11.7 ) 4.6 U.S. tax on non-U.S. earnings (5.6 ) (7.0 ) 8.1 Prior year settlements and claims — (0.2 ) 1.1 Tax-exempt income (0.9 ) — — Enacted change in tax laws (4.2 ) (8.2 ) (3.0 ) Valuation allowances 2.7 5.6 (9.6 ) Other (0.4 ) (2.3 ) 1.2 Effective rate 32.2 % 4.9 % 15.0 %
Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities [Table Text Block]	The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Deferred tax assets Employee benefit plans $ 5,293 $ 4,039 Net operating loss carryforwards 2,235 1,825 Tax credit carryforwards 9,122 9,199 Research expenditures 577 437 Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims 1,442 1,552 Other foreign deferred tax assets 430 648 All other 1,591 1,765 Total gross deferred tax assets 20,690 19,465 Less: valuation allowances (1,492 ) (973 ) Total net deferred tax assets 19,198 18,492 Deferred tax liabilities Leasing transactions 4,049 3,215 Deferred income 253 — Depreciation and amortization (excluding leasing transactions) 2,646 2,865 Finance receivables 523 639 Other foreign deferred tax liabilities 842 948 All other 938 1,010 Total deferred tax liabilities 9,251 8,677 Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities) $ 9,947 $ 9,815
Summary of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward [Table Text Block]	A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Beginning balance $ 1,586 $ 2,063 Increase – tax positions in prior periods 716 90 Increase – tax positions in current period 44 45 Decrease – tax positions in prior periods (22 ) (133 ) Settlements (263 ) — Lapse of statute of limitations (10 ) — Foreign currency translation adjustment 12 (18 ) Ending balance $ 2,063 $ 2,047

Capital Stock and Earnings Pe_2

Capital Stock and Earnings Per Share (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Schedule of Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Table Text Block]	Basic and diluted income per share were calculated using the following (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Basic and Diluted Income Attributable to Ford Motor Company Basic income $ 4,589 $ 7,731 $ 3,677 Diluted income 4,589 7,731 3,677 Basic and Diluted Shares Basic shares (average shares outstanding) 3,973 3,975 3,974 Net dilutive options, unvested restricted stock units, and unvested restricted stock shares 26 23 24 Diluted shares 3,999 3,998 3,998

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and M_2

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]	The fair values of cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (in millions): December 31, 2017 Fair Value Level Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Cash and cash equivalents U.S. government 1 $ 913 $ — $ — $ 913 U.S. government agencies 2 433 — 300 733 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 — — 703 703 Corporate debt 2 55 — 25 80 Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents 1,401 — 1,028 2,429 Cash, time deposits, and money market funds 7,529 4 8,530 16,063 Total cash and cash equivalents $ 8,930 $ 4 $ 9,558 $ 18,492 Marketable securities U.S. government 1 $ 5,580 $ — $ 966 $ 6,546 U.S. government agencies 2 2,484 — 384 2,868 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 5,270 — 660 5,930 Corporate debt 2 4,031 — 848 4,879 Equities (a) 1 138 — — 138 Other marketable securities 2 51 — 23 74 Total marketable securities $ 17,554 $ — $ 2,881 $ 20,435 Restricted Cash $ 15 $ 7 $ 124 $ 146 December 31, 2018 Fair Value Level Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Consolidated Cash and cash equivalents U.S. government 1 $ 220 $ — $ 139 $ 359 U.S. government agencies 2 496 — 25 521 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 169 — 114 283 Corporate debt 2 174 — 884 1,058 Total marketable securities classified as cash equivalents 1,059 — 1,162 2,221 Cash, time deposits, and money market funds 5,999 53 8,445 14,497 Total cash and cash equivalents $ 7,058 $ 53 $ 9,607 $ 16,718 Marketable securities U.S. government 1 $ 3,014 $ — $ 289 $ 3,303 U.S. government agencies 2 1,953 — 65 2,018 Non-U.S. government and agencies 2 4,674 — 610 5,284 Corporate debt 2 5,614 — 198 5,812 Equities (a) 1 424 — — 424 Other marketable securities 2 246 — 146 392 Total marketable securities $ 15,925 $ — $ 1,308 $ 17,233 Restricted Cash $ 16 $ 33 $ 140 $ 189
Available-for-sale Securities [Table Text Block]	The cash equivalents and marketable securities accounted for as available-for-sale (“AFS”) securities were as follows (in millions): December 31, 2017 Fair Value of Securities with Contractual Maturities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Within 1 Year After 1 Year through 5 Years After 5 Years Automotive U.S. government $ 3,669 $ — $ (18 ) $ 3,651 $ 1,377 $ 2,274 $ — U.S. government agencies 1,915 — (15 ) 1,900 265 1,620 15 Non-U.S. government and agencies 4,021 — (28 ) 3,993 197 3,771 25 Corporate debt 1,716 1 (8 ) 1,709 194 1,509 6 Other marketable securities 17 — — 17 — 16 1 Total $ 11,338 $ 1 $ (69 ) $ 11,270 $ 2,033 $ 9,190 $ 47 December 31, 2018 Fair Value of Securities with Contractual Maturities Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Within 1 Year After 1 Year through 5 Years After 5 Years Automotive U.S. government $ 2,933 $ 5 $ (10 ) $ 2,928 $ 1,714 $ 1,214 $ — U.S. government agencies 1,920 — (18 ) 1,902 797 1,087 18 Non-U.S. government and agencies 3,841 4 (37 ) 3,808 194 3,614 — Corporate debt 4,010 3 (33 ) 3,980 1,148 2,830 2 Other marketable securities 207 — — 207 1 134 72 Total $ 12,911 $ 12 $ (98 ) $ 12,825 $ 3,854 $ 8,879 $ 92 Sales proceeds and gross realized gains/losses from the sale of AFS debt securities for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Automotive Sales proceeds $ 69 $ 3,315 $ 5,512 Gross realized gains 1 3 1 Gross realized losses — 8 21
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Table Text Block]	The present fair values and gross unrealized losses for cash equivalents and marketable securities accounted for as AFS securities that were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, were as follows (in millions): December 31, 2017 Less than 1 year 1 Year or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Automotive U.S. government $ 2,382 $ (9 ) $ 903 $ (9 ) $ 3,285 $ (18 ) U.S. government agencies 1,625 (12 ) 260 (3 ) 1,885 (15 ) Non-U.S. government and agencies 3,148 (20 ) 510 (8 ) 3,658 (28 ) Corporate debt 1,396 (8 ) — — 1,396 (8 ) Total $ 8,551 $ (49 ) $ 1,673 $ (20 ) $ 10,224 $ (69 ) December 31, 2018 Less than 1 year 1 Year or Greater Total Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Automotive U.S. government $ 199 $ (1 ) $ 1,637 $ (9 ) $ 1,836 $ (10 ) U.S. government agencies 193 (1 ) 1,596 (17 ) 1,789 (18 ) Non-U.S. government and agencies 341 (1 ) 2,445 (36 ) 2,786 (37 ) Corporate debt 1,816 (16 ) 856 (17 ) 2,672 (33 ) Other marketable securities 125 — — — 125 — Total $ 2,674 $ (19 ) $ 6,534 $ (79 ) $ 9,208 $ (98 )
Schedule Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash [Table Text Block]	Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as reported in the consolidated statement of cash flows were as follows (in millions): December 31, December 31, Cash and cash equivalents $ 18,492 $ 16,718 Restricted cash (a) 146 189 Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $ 18,638 $ 16,907 __________ (a) Included in Other assets in the non-current assets section of our consolidated balance sheet.

Financial Services Finance Re_2

Financial Services Finance Receivables (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]
Net finance receivables [Table Text Block]	Finance receivables, net at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Consumer Retail financing, gross $ 78,331 $ 79,622 Unearned interest supplements (3,280 ) (3,508 ) Consumer finance receivables 75,051 76,114 Non-Consumer Dealer financing 33,938 34,372 Non-Consumer finance receivables 33,938 34,372 Total recorded investment $ 108,989 $ 110,486 Recorded investment in finance receivables $ 108,989 $ 110,486 Allowance for credit losses (597 ) (589 ) Finance receivables, net $ 108,392 $ 109,897 Current portion $ 52,210 $ 54,353 Non-current portion 56,182 55,544 Finance receivables, net $ 108,392 $ 109,897 Net finance receivables subject to fair value (a) $ 105,106 $ 106,142 Fair value 104,521 105,676 __________ (a) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , Finance receivables, net includes $3.3 billion and $3.8 billion , respectively, of direct financing leases that are not subject to fair value disclosure requirements. The fair value of finance receivables is categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
Schedule of Financing Receivables, Minimum Payments [Table Text Block]	Contractual maturities of total finance receivables outstanding at December 31, 2018 reflect contractual repayments due from customers or borrowers as follows (in millions): Due in Year Ending December 31, 2019 2020 2021 Thereafter Total Consumer Retail financing, gross (a) $ 23,564 $ 20,518 $ 16,716 $ 18,824 $ 79,622 Non-Consumer Dealer financing 32,281 661 200 1,230 34,372 Total finance receivables $ 55,845 $ 21,179 $ 16,916 $ 20,054 $ 113,994 __________ (a) Contractual maturities of retail financing, gross include $309 million of estimated unguaranteed residual values related to direct financing leases.
Aging analysis for total finance receivables [Text Block]	The aging analysis of our finance receivables balances at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Consumer 31-60 days past due $ 748 $ 859 61-90 days past due 113 123 91-120 days past due 36 39 Greater than 120 days past due 37 39 Total past due 934 1,060 Current 74,117 75,054 Consumer finance receivables 75,051 76,114 Non-Consumer Total past due 122 76 Current 33,816 34,296 Non-Consumer finance receivables 33,938 34,372 Total recorded investment $ 108,989 $ 110,486
Financing receivable credit quality indicators [Table Text Block]	The credit quality analysis of our dealer financing receivables at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Dealer Financing Group I $ 26,252 $ 27,032 Group II 5,908 5,635 Group III 1,640 1,576 Group IV 138 129 Total recorded investment $ 33,938 $ 34,372

Financial Services Allowance _2

Financial Services Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Receivables [Abstract]
Allowance For Credit Losses on Financing And Loans And Leases Receivable [Table Text Block]	An analysis of the allowance for credit losses related to finance receivables for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 Consumer Non-Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses Beginning balance $ 469 $ 15 $ 484 Charge-offs (510 ) (7 ) (517 ) Recoveries 139 9 148 Provision for credit losses 471 (2 ) 469 Other (a) 13 — 13 Ending balance (b) $ 582 $ 15 $ 597 Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses Collective impairment allowance $ 560 $ 13 $ 573 Specific impairment allowance 22 2 24 Ending balance (b) 582 15 597 Analysis of ending balance of finance receivables Collectively evaluated for impairment 74,665 33,800 108,465 Specifically evaluated for impairment 386 138 524 Recorded investment 75,051 33,938 108,989 Ending balance, net of allowance for credit losses $ 74,469 $ 33,923 $ 108,392 __________ (a) Primarily represents amounts related to translation adjustments. (b) Total allowance, including for operating leases, was $668 million . 2018 Consumer Non-Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses Beginning balance $ 582 $ 15 $ 597 Charge-offs (a) (528 ) (67 ) (595 ) Recoveries 163 7 170 Provision for credit losses 359 68 427 Other (b) (10 ) — (10 ) Ending balance (c) $ 566 $ 23 $ 589 Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses Collective impairment allowance $ 546 $ 14 $ 560 Specific impairment allowance 20 9 29 Ending balance (c) 566 23 589 Analysis of ending balance of finance receivables Collectively evaluated for impairment 75,744 34,243 109,987 Specifically evaluated for impairment 370 129 499 Recorded investment 76,114 34,372 110,486 Ending balance, net of allowance for credit losses $ 75,548 $ 34,349 $ 109,897 __________ (a) Non-consumer charge-offs primarily reflect a U.S. dealer’s floorplan inventory and dealer loan determined to be uncollectible. (b) Primarily represents amounts related to translation adjustments. (c) Total allowance, including for operating leases, was $667 million .

Inventories (Tables)

Inventories (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of Inventory [Table Text Block]	Inventories at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Raw materials, work-in-process, and supplies $ 4,397 $ 4,536 Finished products 6,779 6,684 Total inventories $ 11,176 $ 11,220

Net Investment in Operating L_2

Net Investment in Operating Leases (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Leases, Operating [Abstract]
Schedule of Property Subject to or Available for Operating Lease [Table Text Block]	The net investment in operating leases at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Automotive Segment Vehicles, net of depreciation $ 1,574 $ 1,705 Ford Credit Segment Vehicles and other equipment, at cost (a) 32,659 33,557 Accumulated depreciation (5,927 ) (6,065 ) Allowance for credit losses (71 ) (78 ) Total Ford Credit Segment 26,661 27,414 Total $ 28,235 $ 29,119 __________ (a) Includes Ford Credit’s operating lease assets of $11.5 billion and $16.3 billion at December 31, 2017 and 2018 , respectively, which have been included in certain lease securitization transactions. These net investments in operating leases are available only for payment of the debt or other obligations issued or arising in the securitization transactions; they are not available to pay other obligations or the claims of other creditors.
Schedule of Operating Lease Expense [Table Text Block]	operating lease depreciation expense (which includes gains and losses on disposal of assets). Operating lease depreciation expense for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Operating lease depreciation expense $ 4,330 $ 4,135 $ 3,867
Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments for Operating Leases [Table Text Block]	The amounts contractually due for minimum rentals on operating leases at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter Total Minimum rentals on operating leases $ 4,708 $ 2,929 $ 1,083 $ 83 $ 6 $ 8,809

Net Property and Lease Commit_2

Net Property and Lease Commitments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]	Net property at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Land $ 411 $ 445 Buildings and land improvements 11,096 11,477 Machinery, equipment, and other 37,533 38,720 Software 3,118 3,349 Construction in progress 2,608 2,066 Total land, plant and equipment, and other 54,766 56,057 Accumulated depreciation (29,862 ) (30,243 ) Net land, plant and equipment, and other 24,904 25,814 Tooling, net of amortization 10,423 10,364 Total $ 35,327 $ 36,178 Property-related expenses excluding net investment in operating leases for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Depreciation and other amortization $ 2,130 $ 2,292 $ 2,504 Tooling amortization 2,563 2,695 2,909 Total $ 4,693 $ 4,987 $ 5,413 Maintenance and rearrangement $ 1,801 $ 1,970 $ 1,994
Lessee, Operating Lease, Disclosure [Table Text Block]	Minimum non-cancellable operating lease commitments at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): Operating Lease Commitments 2019 $ 363 2020 271 2021 193 2022 141 2023 106 Thereafter 437 Total $ 1,511 NOTE 14. NET PROPERTY AND LEASE COMMITMENTS (Continued) Operating lease expense for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): Operating Lease Expense 2016 $ 474 2017 526 2018 552

Equity in Net Assets of Affil_2

Equity in Net Assets of Affiliated Companies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information [Abstract]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Table Text Block]	Our carrying value and ownership percentages of our equity method investments at December 31 were as follows (in millions, except percentages): Investment Balance Ownership Percentage 2017 2018 2018 Changan Ford Automobile Corporation, Limited $ 1,144 $ 950 50.0 % Jiangling Motors Corporation, Limited 675 543 32.0 AutoAlliance (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 439 431 50.0 Ford Otomotiv Sanayi Anonim Sirketi 329 247 41.0 Getrag Ford Transmissions GmbH 222 236 50.0 FFS Finance South Africa (Pty) Limited 71 81 50.0 Changan Ford Mazda Engine Company, Ltd. 84 71 25.0 Ionity Holding GmbH & Co. KG 12 42 25.0 DealerDirect LLC 33 33 97.7 RouteOne LLC 24 31 30.0 Thirdware Solutions Limited 12 12 20.0 Percepta, LLC 8 10 45.0 Chongqing ANTE Trading Co., Ltd. 5 6 10.0 U.S. Council for Automotive Research LLC 5 6 33.3 Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership LLC 3 4 50.0 Blue Diamond Parts, LLC 3 3 25.0 CNF-Administradora de Consorcio Nacional Ltda. 6 3 33.3 Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation Corporation 10 — 49.9 ZF Transmission Tech, LLC — — 49.0 Total $ 3,085 $ 2,709 NOTE 15. EQUITY IN NET ASSETS OF AFFILIATED COMPANIES (Continued) We received $1.6 billion , $1.4 billion , and $330 million of dividends from these affiliated companies for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively. A summary of the total financial results, as reported by our equity method investees, in the aggregate at December 31 was as follows (in millions): Summarized Balance Sheet 2017 2018 Current assets $ 10,191 $ 8,277 Non-current assets 9,796 9,733 Total assets $ 19,987 $ 18,010 Current liabilities $ 10,557 $ 9,190 Non-current liabilities 3,022 3,149 Total liabilities $ 13,579 $ 12,339 Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests $ 10 $ 11 For the years ended December 31, Summarized Income Statement 2016 2017 2018 Total revenue $ 36,992 $ 35,172 $ 27,196 Income before income taxes 4,401 2,980 484 Net income 3,747 2,584 463
Schedule of Related Party Transactions [Table Text Block]	Transactions with equity method investees reported for the years ended or at December 31 were as follows (in millions): For the years ended December 31, Income Statement 2016 2017 2018 Sales $ 4,367 $ 4,481 $ 4,426 Purchases 8,665 9,422 10,477 Royalty income 649 583 374 Balance Sheet 2017 2018 Receivables $ 769 $ 634 Payables 850 663

Other Liabilities and Deferre_2

Other Liabilities and Deferred Revenue (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Other Liabilities [Abstract]
Schedule of Accrued Liabilities and Deferred Revenue [Table Text Block]	Other liabilities and deferred revenue at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Current Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims $ 10,902 $ 11,369 Deferred revenue 2,107 2,095 Employee benefit plans 1,661 1,755 Accrued interest 1,057 988 OPEB 348 339 Pension 229 204 Other 3,393 3,806 Total current other liabilities and deferred revenue $ 19,697 $ 20,556 Non-current Pension $ 9,932 $ 9,423 OPEB 5,821 5,220 Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims 2,471 2,497 Deferred revenue 3,829 3,985 Employee benefit plans 1,139 1,080 Other 1,519 1,383 Total non-current other liabilities and deferred revenue $ 24,711 $ 23,588

Retirement Benefits (Tables)

Retirement Benefits (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Schedule of Assumptions Used [Table Text Block]	The assumptions used to determine benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost/(income) were as follows: Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Weighted Average Assumptions at December 31 Discount rate 3.60 % 4.29 % 2.33 % 2.48 % 3.61 % 4.17 % Average rate of increase in compensation 3.50 3.50 3.37 3.37 3.44 3.44 Weighted Average Assumptions Used to Determine Net Benefit Cost for the Year Ended December 31 Discount rate - Service cost 4.18 % 3.67 % 2.51 % 2.39 % 4.15 % 3.70 % Effective interest rate on benefit obligation 3.40 3.22 2.07 2.02 3.41 3.27 Expected long-term rate of return on assets 6.75 6.75 5.19 4.51 — — Average rate of increase in compensation 3.50 3.50 3.38 3.37 3.44 3.44
Schedule of defined benefit plans expense [Table Text Block]	The pre-tax net periodic benefit cost/(income) for our defined benefit pension and OPEB plans for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 2016 2017 2018 Service cost $ 510 $ 534 $ 544 $ 483 $ 566 $ 588 $ 49 $ 49 $ 54 Interest cost 1,524 1,525 1,466 782 671 684 194 197 195 Expected return on assets (2,693 ) (2,734 ) (2,887 ) (1,339 ) (1,375 ) (1,295 ) — — — Amortization of prior service costs/(credits) 170 143 143 38 37 25 (142 ) (120 ) (109 ) Net remeasurement (gain)/loss 900 (538 ) 1,294 1,876 407 (76 ) 220 293 (366 ) Separation programs/other 12 74 53 81 18 103 — 2 1 Settlements and curtailments — (354 ) (15 ) 2 (3 ) (2 ) — — — Net periodic benefit cost/(income) $ 423 $ (1,350 ) $ 598 $ 1,923 $ 321 $ 27 $ 321 $ 421 $ (225 )
Schedule Of Defined Benefit Plan Obligations [Table Text Block]	The year-end status of these plans was as follows (in millions): Pension Benefits U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Change in Benefit Obligation Benefit obligation at January 1 $ 45,746 $ 46,340 $ 30,624 $ 34,098 $ 5,865 $ 6,169 Service cost 534 544 566 588 49 54 Interest cost 1,525 1,466 671 684 197 195 Amendments — — — 135 — — Separation programs/other 35 9 17 97 1 1 Curtailments (356 ) (15 ) (3 ) (2 ) — — Settlements — — (52 ) (16 ) — — Plan participant contributions 24 25 20 19 24 17 Benefits paid (3,267 ) (2,880 ) (1,316 ) (1,316 ) (368 ) (372 ) Foreign exchange translation — — 3,323 (1,858 ) 108 (139 ) Actuarial (gain)/loss 2,099 (3,220 ) 248 (1,350 ) 293 (366 ) Benefit obligation at December 31 46,340 42,269 34,098 31,079 6,169 5,559 Change in Plan Assets Fair value of plan assets at January 1 41,939 44,160 25,549 29,657 — — Actual return on plan assets 5,371 (1,627 ) 1,216 21 — — Company contributions 133 140 1,624 629 — — Plan participant contributions 24 25 20 19 — — Benefits paid (3,267 ) (2,880 ) (1,316 ) (1,316 ) — — Settlements — — (52 ) (16 ) — — Foreign exchange translation — — 2,623 (1,708 ) — — Other (40 ) (44 ) (7 ) (13 ) — — Fair value of plan assets at December 31 44,160 39,774 29,657 27,273 — — Funded status at December 31 $ (2,180 ) $ (2,495 ) $ (4,441 ) $ (3,806 ) $ (6,169 ) $ (5,559 ) Amounts Recognized on the Balance Sheet Prepaid assets $ 386 $ 165 $ 3,154 $ 3,161 $ — $ — Other liabilities (2,566 ) (2,660 ) (7,595 ) (6,967 ) (6,169 ) (5,559 ) Total $ (2,180 ) $ (2,495 ) $ (4,441 ) $ (3,806 ) $ (6,169 ) $ (5,559 ) Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (pre-tax) Unamortized prior service costs/(credits) $ 238 $ 95 $ 191 $ 285 $ (209 ) $ 97 Pension Plans in which Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31 Accumulated benefit obligation $ 2,092 $ 1,965 $ 11,506 $ 10,904 Fair value of plan assets 155 137 5,287 5,232 Accumulated Benefit Obligation at December 31 $ 45,081 $ 41,312 $ 30,449 $ 27,787 Pension Plans in which Projected Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31 Projected benefit obligation $ 22,378 $ 20,529 $ 13,385 $ 12,321 Fair value of plan assets 19,812 17,872 5,790 5,357 Projected Benefit Obligation at December 31 $ 46,340 $ 42,269 $ 34,098 $ 31,079
Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments [Table Text Block]	The expected future benefit payments at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): Benefit Payments Pension U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Worldwide OPEB 2019 $ 3,050 $ 1,290 $ 350 2020 2,820 1,180 340 2021 2,790 1,190 340 2022 2,760 1,200 330 2023 2,760 1,220 330 2024-2028 13,640 6,460 1,640
Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]	The fair value of our defined benefit pension plan assets (including dividends and interest receivables of $344 million and $106 million for U.S. and non-U.S. plans, respectively) by asset category at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Asset Category Equity U.S. companies $ 2,135 $ 25 $ — $ — $ 2,160 $ 1,593 $ 143 $ — $ — $ 1,736 International companies 1,669 38 1 — 1,708 1,333 428 — — 1,761 Total equity 3,804 63 1 — 3,868 2,926 571 — — 3,497 Fixed Income U.S. government and agencies 6,603 2,842 — — 9,445 495 98 — — 593 Non-U.S. government — 1,575 — — 1,575 — 14,088 — — 14,088 Corporate bonds — 21,617 4 — 21,621 — 3,217 — — 3,217 Mortgage/other asset-backed — 590 — — 590 — 301 — — 301 Commingled funds — 49 — — 49 — 251 — — 251 Derivative financial instruments, net 11 (24 ) — — (13 ) (2 ) 44 — — 42 Total fixed income 6,614 26,649 4 — 33,267 493 17,999 — — 18,492 Alternatives Hedge funds — — — 3,060 3,060 — — — 1,179 1,179 Private equity — — — 2,322 2,322 — — — 722 722 Real estate — — — 1,216 1,216 — — — 461 461 Total alternatives — — — 6,598 6,598 — — — 2,362 2,362 Cash, cash equivalents, and repurchase agreements (b) 1,380 — — — 1,380 388 — — — 388 Other (c) (953 ) — — — (953 ) (715 ) — 5,633 — 4,918 Total assets at fair value $ 10,845 $ 26,712 $ 5 $ 6,598 $ 44,160 $ 3,092 $ 18,570 $ 5,633 $ 2,362 $ 29,657 _______ (a) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (b) Primarily short-term investment funds to provide liquidity to plan investment managers, cash held to pay benefits, and repurchase agreements valued at $(360) million in U.S. plans and $(181) million in non-U.S. plans. (c) For U.S. plans, amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). For non-U.S plans, primarily Ford-Werke, plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.8 billion at year-end 2017 ) and amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). NOTE 17. RETIREMENT BENEFITS (Continued) The fair value of our defined benefit pension plan assets (including dividends and interest receivables of $340 million and $115 million for U.S. and non-U.S. plans, respectively) by asset category at December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2018 U.S. Plans Non-U.S.Plans Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets measured at NAV (a) Total Asset Category Equity U.S. companies $ 1,246 $ 17 $ — $ — $ 1,263 $ 1,146 $ 103 $ — $ — $ 1,249 International companies 787 10 1 — 798 894 134 1 — 1,029 Total equity 2,033 27 1 — 2,061 2,040 237 1 — 2,278 Fixed Income U.S. government and agencies 7,915 2,317 — — 10,232 415 148 — — 563 Non-U.S. government — 1,073 — — 1,073 — 14,871 — — 14,871 Corporate bonds — 19,905 — — 19,905 — 2,875 — — 2,875 Mortgage/other asset-backed — 474 — — 474 — 286 — — 286 Commingled funds — 94 — — 94 — 268 — — 268 Derivative financial instruments, net 9 43 — — 52 13 (46 ) — — (33 ) Total fixed income 7,924 23,906 — — 31,830 428 18,402 — — 18,830 Alternatives Hedge funds — — — 3,217 3,217 — — — 1,143 1,143 Private equity — — — 2,046 2,046 — — — 687 687 Real estate — — — 1,242 1,242 — — — 413 413 Total alternatives — — — 6,505 6,505 — — — 2,243 2,243 Cash, cash equivalents, and repurchase agreements (b) 354 — — — 354 (641 ) — — — (641 ) Other (c) (976 ) — — — (976 ) (685 ) — 5,248 — 4,563 Total assets at fair value $ 9,335 $ 23,933 $ 1 $ 6,505 $ 39,774 $ 1,142 $ 18,639 $ 5,249 $ 2,243 $ 27,273 _______ (a) Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the NAV per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. (b) Primarily short-term investment funds to provide liquidity to plan investment managers, cash held to pay benefits, and repurchase agreements valued at $(1.7) billion in U.S. plans and $(1.4) billion in non-U.S. plans. (c) For U.S. plans, amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales). For non-U.S plans, primarily Ford-Werke, plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.3 billion at year-end 2018 ) and amounts related to net pending security (purchases)/sales and net pending foreign currency purchases/(sales).
Schedule of Changes in Fair Value of Plan Assets [Table Text Block]	The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 defined benefit pension plan assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the years ended December 31 (in millions): 2017 Return on plan assets Fair Value at January 1 Attributable to Assets Held at December 31 Attributable to Assets Sold Net Purchases/ (Settlements) Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3 Fair Value at December 31 U.S. Plans $ 14 $ (2 ) $ 2 $ (9 ) $ — $ 5 Non-U.S. Plans (a) 5,252 381 — — — 5,633 2018 Return on plan assets Fair Value at January 1 Attributable to Assets Held at December 31 Attributable to Assets Sold Net Purchases/ (Settlements) Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3 Fair Value at December 31 U.S. Plans $ 5 $ — $ (5 ) $ 4 $ (3 ) $ 1 Non-U.S. Plans (a) 5,633 (384 ) 1 (1 ) — 5,249 _______ (a) Primarily Ford-Werke plan assets (insurance contract valued at $4.8 billion and $4.3 billion at year-end 2017 and 2018 , respectively).

Debt And Commitments (Tables)

Debt And Commitments (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Schedule of debt outstanding [Table Text Block]	Our public, unsecured debt securities outstanding at December 31 were as follows (in millions): Aggregate Principal Amount Outstanding Title of Security 2017 2018 6 1/2% Debentures due August 1, 2018 $ 361 $ — 8 7/8% Debentures due January 15, 2022 86 86 7 1/8% Debentures due November 15, 2025 209 209 7 1/2% Debentures due August 1, 2026 193 193 6 5/8% Debentures due February 15, 2028 104 104 6 5/8% Debentures due October 1, 2028 (a) 638 638 6 3/8% Debentures due February 1, 2029 (a) 260 260 7.45% GLOBLS due July 16, 2031 (a) 1,794 1,794 8.900% Debentures due January 15, 2032 151 151 9.95% Debentures due February 15, 2032 4 4 7.75% Debentures due June 15, 2043 73 73 7.40% Debentures due November 1, 2046 398 398 9.980% Debentures due February 15, 2047 181 181 7.70% Debentures due May 15, 2097 142 142 4.346% Notes due December 8, 2026 1,500 1,500 5.291% Notes due December 8, 2046 1,300 1,300 4.75% Notes due January 15, 2043 2,000 2,000 Total public unsecured debt securities (b) $ 9,394 $ 9,033 __________ (a) Listed on the Luxembourg Exchange and on the Singapore Exchange. (b) Excludes 9.215% Debentures due September 15, 2021 with an outstanding balance at December 31, 2018 of $180 million . The proceeds from these securities were on-lent by Ford to Ford Holdings and are reported as Other long-term debt . The carrying value of Automotive, Ford Credit, and Other debt at December 31 was as follows (in millions): Interest Rates Average Contractual Average Effective (a) Automotive 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 Debt payable within one year Short-term $ 1,396 $ 614 5.5 % 2.9 % 5.5 % 2.9 % Long-term payable within one year Public unsecured debt securities 361 — U.S. Department of Energy Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing (“DOE ATVM”) Incentive Program 591 591 Other debt 1,031 1,125 Unamortized (discount)/premium (23 ) (16 ) Total debt payable within one year 3,356 2,314 Long-term debt payable after one year Public unsecured debt securities 9,033 9,033 DOE ATVM Incentive Program 2,060 1,470 Other debt 1,848 1,026 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium (290 ) (224 ) Unamortized issuance costs (76 ) (72 ) Total long-term debt payable after one year 12,575 11,233 5.1 % (b) 5.2 % (b) 5.8 % (b) 5.7 % (b) Total Automotive $ 15,931 $ 13,547 Fair value of Automotive debt (c) $ 17,976 $ 13,319 Ford Credit Debt payable within one year Short-term $ 17,153 $ 14,705 3.0 % 3.5 % 3.0 % 3.5 % Long-term payable within one year Unsecured debt 13,298 14,373 Asset-backed debt 17,817 22,130 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium 1 2 Unamortized issuance costs (16 ) (16 ) Fair value adjustments (d) 12 (15 ) Total debt payable within one year 48,265 51,179 Long-term debt payable after one year Unsecured debt 55,687 52,409 Asset-backed debt 34,052 36,844 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium (2 ) — Unamortized issuance costs (212 ) (195 ) Fair value adjustments (d) (33 ) (171 ) Total long-term debt payable after one year 89,492 88,887 2.5 % (b) 2.8 % (b) 2.6 % (b) 2.8 % (b) Total Ford Credit $ 137,757 $ 140,066 Fair value of Ford Credit debt (c) $ 139,605 $ 138,809 Other Long-term debt payable after one year Unsecured debt $ 604 $ 604 Adjustments Unamortized (discount)/premium (3 ) (3 ) Unamortized issuance costs (2 ) (1 ) Total Other $ 599 $ 600 9.3 % 9.3 % 9.2 % 9.2 % Fair value of Other debt $ 801 $ 697 __________ (a) Average effective rates reflect the average contractual interest rate plus amortization of discounts, premiums, and issuance costs. (b) Includes interest on long-term debt payable within one year and after one year. (c) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , the fair value of debt includes $1.1 billion and $458 million of Automotive short-term debt and $16.4 billion and $13.8 billion of Ford Credit short-term debt, respectively, carried at cost which approximates fair value. All debt is categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. (d)
Schedule of Maturities of Long-term Debt [Table Text Block]	Debt maturities at December 31, 2018 were as follows (in millions): 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Adjustments Total Debt Maturities Automotive Public unsecured debt securities $ — $ — $ — $ 86 $ — $ 8,947 $ (195 ) $ 8,838 DOE ATVM Incentive Program 591 591 591 288 — — — 2,061 Short-term and other debt 1,739 261 218 181 205 161 (117 ) 2,648 Total $ 2,330 $ 852 $ 809 $ 555 $ 205 $ 9,108 $ (312 ) $ 13,547 Ford Credit Unsecured debt $ 28,135 $ 15,073 $ 15,288 $ 8,343 $ 5,895 $ 7,810 $ (322 ) $ 80,222 Asset-backed debt 23,073 19,004 7,865 4,487 2,595 2,893 (73 ) 59,844 Total $ 51,208 $ 34,077 $ 23,153 $ 12,830 $ 8,490 $ 10,703 $ (395 ) $ 140,066 Other Unsecured debt $ — $ 130 $ 180 $ — $ — $ 294 $ (4 ) $ 600
Assets And Liabilities Related To Secured Debt Arrangements Disclosure Text Block	The assets and liabilities related to our asset-backed debt arrangements included on our financial statements at December 31 were as follows (in billions): 2017 2018 Assets Cash and cash equivalents $ 3.8 $ 3.0 Finance receivables, net 63.2 66.2 Net investment in operating leases 11.5 16.3 Liabilities Debt (a) $ 52.6 $ 59.8 __________ (a) Debt is net of unamortized discount and issuance costs.

Derivative Financial Instrume_2

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Income Effect of Derivative Instruments [Table Text Block]	The gains/(losses), by hedge designation, reported in income for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Cash flow hedges (a) Reclassified from AOCI to Cost of sales $ 537 $ 456 $ 50 Fair value hedges Interest rate contracts Net interest settlements and accruals on hedging instruments 367 217 10 Fair value changes on hedging instruments (b) (120 ) (268 ) (155 ) Fair value changes on hedged debt (b) 124 267 153 Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency exchange contracts (c) 257 (662 ) 398 Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts 398 103 (244 ) Interest rate contracts (9 ) 58 (84 ) Commodity contracts 7 74 (96 ) Total $ 1,561 $ 245 $ 32 __________ (a) For 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , a $770 million gain , a $134 million gain , and a $288 million gain , respectively, were reported in Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax . (b) For 2016 and 2017 , the fair value changes on hedging instruments and on hedged debt were reported in Other income/(loss), net; effective 2018, these amounts were reported in Ford Credit interest, operating, and other expenses.
Balance Sheet Effect of Derivative Instruments [Table Text Block]	The fair value of our derivative instruments and the associated notional amounts, presented gross, at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Notional Fair Value of Assets Fair Value of Liabilities Notional Fair Value of Assets Fair Value of Liabilities Cash flow hedges Foreign currency exchange contracts $ 19,595 $ 407 $ 306 $ 15,972 $ 391 $ 110 Commodity contracts — — — 327 — 20 Fair value hedges Interest rate contracts 28,008 248 135 22,989 158 208 Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments Foreign currency exchange contracts 20,679 172 302 20,695 202 99 Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts 4,006 408 28 5,235 232 157 Interest rate contracts 60,504 276 137 76,904 235 274 Commodity contracts 660 37 4 638 3 45 Total derivative financial instruments, gross (a) (b) $ 133,452 $ 1,548 $ 912 $ 142,760 $ 1,221 $ 913 Current portion $ 802 $ 568 $ 681 $ 601 Non-current portion 746 344 540 312 Total derivative financial instruments, gross $ 1,548 $ 912 $ 1,221 $ 913 __________ (a) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , we held collateral of $15 million and $19 million , and we posted collateral of $38 million and $59 million , respectively. (b) At December 31, 2017 and 2018 , the fair value of assets and liabilities available for counterparty netting was $618 million and $434 million , respectively. All derivatives are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_2

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Abstract]
Schedule of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table Text Block]	The changes in the balances for each component of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Ford Motor Company for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Foreign currency translation Beginning balance $ (3,570 ) $ (4,593 ) $ (4,277 ) Gains/(Losses) on foreign currency translation (494 ) 38 (435 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (a) 537 (294 ) 91 Net gains/(losses) on foreign currency translation (1,031 ) 332 (526 ) (Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (b) 8 (16 ) 3 Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax (1,023 ) 316 (523 ) Ending balance $ (4,593 ) $ (4,277 ) $ (4,800 ) Marketable securities Beginning balance $ (6 ) $ (14 ) $ (48 ) Gains/(Losses) on available for sale securities (13 ) (53 ) (37 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (10 ) (15 ) (8 ) Net gains/(losses) on available for sale securities (3 ) (38 ) (29 ) (Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (1 ) 5 20 Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) 4 1 2 Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (5 ) 4 18 Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax (8 ) (34 ) (11 ) Ending balance $ (14 ) $ (48 ) $ (59 ) Derivative instruments Beginning balance $ 64 $ 283 $ 18 Gains/(Losses) on derivative instruments 770 134 288 Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) 144 80 65 Net gains/(losses) on derivative instruments 626 54 223 (Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (537 ) (456 ) (50 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (130 ) (137 ) (10 ) Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (c) (407 ) (319 ) (40 ) Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax 219 (265 ) 183 Ending balance $ 283 $ 18 $ 201 Pension and other postretirement benefits Beginning balance $ (2,745 ) $ (2,689 ) $ (2,652 ) Prior service (costs)/credits arising during the period (16 ) 5 (135 ) Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (4 ) — (23 ) Net prior service (costs)/credits arising during the period (12 ) 5 (112 ) Amortization and recognition of prior service costs/(credits) (d) 66 60 59 Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) 22 20 13 Net prior service costs/(credits) reclassified from AOCI to net income 44 40 46 Translation impact on non-U.S. plans 24 (8 ) 10 Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax 56 37 (56 ) Ending balance $ (2,689 ) $ (2,652 ) $ (2,708 ) Total AOCI ending balance at December 31 $ (7,013 ) $ (6,959 ) $ (7,366 ) __________ (a) We do not recognize deferred taxes for a majority of the foreign currency translation gains and losses because we do not anticipate reversal in the foreseeable future. However, we have made elections to tax certain non-U.S. operations simultaneously in U.S. tax returns, and have recorded deferred taxes for temporary differences that will reverse, independent of repatriation plans, on U.S. tax returns. Taxes or tax benefits resulting from foreign currency translation of the temporary differences are recorded in Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax . (b) Reclassified to Other income/(loss), net. (c) Reclassified to Cost of sales . During the next twelve months we expect to reclassify existing net gains on cash flow hedges of $213 million . See Note 19 for additional information. (d) Amortization and recognition of prior service costs/(credits) is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost/(income). See Note 17 for additional information.

Commitments and Contingencies_2

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Guarantee obligations [Table Text Block]	The maximum potential payments and the carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities at December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Maximum potential payments $ 1,397 $ 1,163 Carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities 408 351
Warranty [Table Text Block]	The estimate of our future warranty and field service action costs, net of estimated supplier recoveries, for the years ended December 31 was as follows (in millions): 2017 2018 Beginning balance $ 4,960 $ 5,296 Payments made during the period (3,457 ) (4,360 ) Changes in accrual related to warranties issued during the period 2,260 2,584 Changes in accrual related to pre-existing warranties 1,415 1,758 Foreign currency translation and other 118 (141 ) Ending balance $ 5,296 $ 5,137

Segment Information (Tables)

Segment Information (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]	for the years ended or at December 31 was as follows (in millions): Automotive Mobility Ford Credit Corporate Other Interest on Debt Special Items Adjustments Total 2016 Revenues $ 141,546 $ 1 $ 10,253 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 151,800 Income/(loss) before income taxes 10,050 (117 ) 1,879 (498 ) (951 ) (3,579 ) — 6,784 Depreciation and tooling amortization 4,667 — 4,356 — — — — 9,023 Interest expense — — 2,751 — 951 — — 3,702 Investment-related interest income 75 — 76 140 — — — 291 Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 1,747 — 33 — — — — 1,780 Cash outflow for capital spending 6,947 — 45 — — — — 6,992 Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash 27,467 8 11,466 — — — — 38,941 Total assets 97,488 69 146,503 — — — (5,550 ) (a) 238,510 2017 Revenues $ 145,653 $ 10 $ 11,113 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 156,776 Income/(loss) before income taxes 8,084 (299 ) 2,310 (457 ) (1,190 ) (289 ) — 8,159 Depreciation and tooling amortization 4,963 — 4,159 — — — — 9,122 Interest expense — — 3,174 — 1,190 — — 4,364 Investment-related interest income 93 — 118 248 — — — 459 Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 1,169 — 32 — — — — 1,201 Cash outflow for capital spending 7,001 3 45 — — — — 7,049 Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash 26,499 11 12,563 — — — — 39,073 Total assets 103,573 96 160,594 — — — (5,767 ) (a) 258,496 2018 Revenues $ 148,294 $ 26 $ 12,018 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 160,338 Income/(loss) before income taxes 5,422 (674 ) 2,627 (373 ) (1,228 ) (1,429 ) — 4,345 Depreciation and tooling amortization 5,368 16 3,896 — — — — 9,280 Interest expense — — 3,929 — 1,228 — — 5,157 Investment-related interest income 109 — 201 357 — — — 667 Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies 95 — 28 — — — — 123 Cash outflow for capital spending 7,677 60 48 — — — — 7,785 Cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash 22,999 86 11,055 — — — — 34,140 Total assets 100,105 558 161,678 — — — (5,801 ) (a) 256,540 __________ (a) Includes deferred tax netting and eliminations of intersegment transactions occurring in the ordinary course of business.
Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets, by Geographical Areas [Table Text Block]	Total Company revenues and long-lived assets, split geographically by our country of domicile (the United States) and other countries where our major subsidiaries are domiciled, for the years ended December 31 were as follows (in millions): 2016 2017 2018 Revenues Long-Lived Assets (a) Revenues Long-Lived Assets (a) Revenues Long-Lived Assets (a) United States $ 93,433 $ 42,946 $ 93,844 $ 42,504 $ 97,546 $ 44,940 United Kingdom 10,041 1,302 9,619 1,691 9,703 1,650 Canada 10,028 4,264 10,580 4,771 10,541 4,604 Germany 7,322 2,254 7,265 3,182 7,894 3,593 All Other 30,976 10,135 35,468 11,414 34,654 10,510 Total Company $ 151,800 $ 60,901 $ 156,776 $ 63,562 $ 160,338 $ 65,297 __________ (a) Includes Net property and Net investment in operating leases from our consolidated balance sheet.

Selected Quarterly Financial _2

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Selected Quarterly Financial Information [Abstract]
Schedule of Quarterly Financial Information [Table Text Block]	Selected financial data by calendar quarter were as follows (in millions, except per share amounts): 2017 2018 First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Total revenues $ 39,146 $ 39,853 $ 36,451 $ 41,326 $ 41,959 $ 38,920 $ 37,666 $ 41,793 Income/(Loss) before income taxes 2,251 2,266 1,770 1,872 1,919 1,349 1,094 (17 ) Amounts Attributable to Ford Motor Company Common and Class B Shareholders Net income/(loss) $ 1,592 $ 2,047 $ 1,572 $ 2,520 $ 1,736 $ 1,066 $ 991 $ (116 ) Common and Class B per share from income from continuing operations Basic $ 0.40 $ 0.51 $ 0.40 $ 0.63 $ 0.44 $ 0.27 $ 0.25 $ (0.03 ) Diluted 0.40 0.51 0.39 0.63 0.43 0.27 0.25 (0.03 )

Schedule of Valuation and Qua_2

Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Tables)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation and Qualifying Accounts [Abstract]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts Disclosure [Text Block]	Description Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to Costs and Expenses Deductions Balance at End of Period For the Year Ended December 31, 2016 Allowances deducted from assets Credit losses $ 437 $ 551 $ 421 (a) $ 567 Doubtful receivables 372 24 19 (b) 377 Inventories (primarily service part obsolescence) 227 (26 ) (c) — 201 Deferred tax assets 1,831 209 (d) 1,131 (e) 909 Total allowances deducted from assets $ 2,867 $ 758 $ 1,571 $ 2,054 For the Year Ended December 31, 2017 Allowances deducted from assets Credit losses $ 567 $ 595 $ 483 (a) $ 679 Doubtful receivables 377 24 (3 ) (b) 404 Inventories (primarily service part obsolescence) 201 42 (c) — 243 Deferred tax assets 909 583 (d) — 1,492 Total allowances deducted from assets $ 2,054 $ 1,244 $ 480 $ 2,818 For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Allowances deducted from assets Credit losses $ 679 $ 524 $ 533 (a) $ 670 Doubtful receivables 404 5 315 (b) 94 Inventories (primarily service part obsolescence) 243 130 (c) — 373 Deferred tax assets 1,492 (519 ) (d) — 973 Total allowances deducted from assets $ 2,818 $ 140 $ 848 $ 2,110 _________ (a) Finance receivables and lease investments deemed to be uncollectible and other changes, principally amounts related to finance receivables sold and translation adjustments. (b) Accounts and notes receivable deemed to be uncollectible as well as translation adjustments. (c) Net change in inventory allowances, including translation adjustments. (d) Includes $26 million , $127 million , and $(101) million in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, of valuation allowance for deferred tax assets through Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss), including translation adjustments and $183 million , $456 million , and $(418) million in 2016 , 2017 , and 2018 , respectively, of valuation allowance for deferred tax assets through the income statement. (e) During 2016 we elected to tax a significant portion of our South American operations simultaneously in U.S. tax returns resulting in a $1.1 billion reduction in deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance.

Presentation - Certain Transact

Presentation - Certain Transactions Between Automotive and Financial Services (Details) - Affiliated Entity [Member] - Operating Segments [Member] - USD ($) $ in Billions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Automotive
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Intersegment receivables/(payables)	$ (1.2)	$ (2.7)
Mobility Segment [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Intersegment receivables/(payables)	(1.1)	(0.1)
Ford Credit [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Finance receivables, net	6.8	5.8
Unearned interest supplements and residual support	(6.8)	(6.1)
Wholesale receivables/Other	2.1	1.9
Intersegment receivables/(payables)	$ 2.3	$ 2.8

Presentation LIFO Restatement I

Presentation LIFO Restatement Income Statement (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Cost of sales									$ 136,269	$ 131,321	$ 126,195
Income before income taxes	$ (17)	$ 1,094	$ 1,349	$ 1,919	$ 1,872	$ 1,770	$ 2,266	$ 2,251	4,345	8,159	6,784
Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes (Note 7)									650	402	2,184
Net income									3,695	7,757	4,600
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic	$ (116)	$ 991	$ 1,066	$ 1,736	$ 2,520	$ 1,572	$ 2,047	$ 1,592	$ 3,677	$ 7,731	$ 4,589
Basic income (in dollars per share)									$ 0.93	$ 1.94	$ 1.16
Diluted income (in dollars per share)									$ 0.92	$ 1.93	$ 1.15
Restatement Adjustment [Member]
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Cost of sales										$ (11)	$ 12
Income before income taxes										11	(12)
Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes (Note 7)										(118)	(5)
Net income										129	(7)
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic										$ 129	$ (7)
Basic income (in dollars per share)										$ 0.03	$ 0
Diluted income (in dollars per share)										$ 0.03	$ 0
Previously Reported [Member]
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Cost of sales										$ 131,332	$ 126,183
Income before income taxes										8,148	6,796
Provision for/(Benefit from) income taxes (Note 7)										520	2,189
Net income										7,628	4,607
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic										$ 7,602	$ 4,596
Basic income (in dollars per share)										$ 1.91	$ 1.16
Diluted income (in dollars per share)										$ 1.90	$ 1.15

Presentation LIFO Restatement B

Presentation LIFO Restatement Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2015
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Inventory, Net	$ 11,220	$ 11,176
Deferred Tax Assets, Net, Noncurrent		10,762
Retained earnings	$ 22,668	21,906
Restatement Adjustment [Member]
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Inventory, Net		899
Deferred Tax Assets, Net, Noncurrent		(211)
Retained earnings		688	$ 566
Previously Reported [Member]
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Inventory, Net		10,277
Deferred Tax Assets, Net, Noncurrent		10,973
Retained earnings		$ 21,218

Presentation LIFO restatement C

Presentation LIFO restatement Cash Flow (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Net income	$ 3,695	$ 7,757	$ 4,600
Provision for deferred income taxes	(197)	(350)	1,473
Increase (Decrease) in Inventories	$ (828)	(970)	(803)
Restatement Adjustment [Member]
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Net income		129	(7)
Provision for deferred income taxes		(118)	(5)
Increase (Decrease) in Inventories		(11)	12
Previously Reported [Member]
Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]
Net income		7,628	4,607
Provision for deferred income taxes		(232)	1,478
Increase (Decrease) in Inventories		$ (959)	$ (815)

Presentation Presentation (Deta

Presentation Presentation (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of Operating Segments	3
Consumer price index [Abstract]
Consumer Price Index	100.00%

Summary of Accounting Policie_4

Summary of Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Average Turnover Period of Trade Receivables	30 days
Foreign Currency [Abstract]
Foreign Currency Transaction Gain (Loss), before Tax	$ (121)	$ 307	$ 307
Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Abstract]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net	178	213
Goodwill, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss [Abstract]
Goodwill	$ 264	75
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Term At Which Fair Value of Finance Receivables is Measured	120 days
Selected Other Costs [Abstract]
Engineering, research, and development	$ 8,200	8,000	7,300
Advertising	4,000	4,100	4,300
Affiliated Entity [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit
Finance and Lease Incentives [Abstract]
Earned Interest Supplements And Residual Support Revenue	2,400	2,000	1,600
Amount of Reduction in Depreciation Expense On Property Subject To Or Held For Lease	2,400	$ 2,100	$ 1,900
Autonomic, Transloc, and Skinny Labs [Member]
Goodwill, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss [Abstract]
Goodwill, Acquired During Period	230
Chariot [Member]
Goodwill, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss [Abstract]
Goodwill, Impairment Loss	$ 40

New Accounting Standards Adjust

New Accounting Standards Adjustments for ASU 2016-02 Leases (Details) - Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 [Member] $ in Billions	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Operating Lease, Liability Expected	$ 1.3
Operating Lease Right of Use Asset Expected	$ 1.3

Revenue Revenue - Disaggregatio

Revenue Revenue - Disaggregation of Revenue from Contract with Customer by Products and Services (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 160,338	$ 156,776	$ 151,800
Vehicles, parts, and accessories
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	142,532	140,171
Used vehicles
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	3,022	2,956
Extended service contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	1,323	1,236
Other revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	1,123	1,044
Revenues from sales and services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	148,000	145,407
Leasing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	6,333	6,027
Financing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	5,841	5,184
Insurance income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	164	158
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	148,294	145,653	141,546
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Vehicles, parts, and accessories
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	142,532	140,171
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Used vehicles
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	3,022	2,956
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Extended service contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	1,323	1,236
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Other revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	879	815
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Revenues from sales and services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	147,756	145,178
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Leasing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	538	475
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Financing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Insurance income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	26	10	1
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Vehicles, parts, and accessories
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Used vehicles
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Extended service contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Other revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	26	10
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Revenues from sales and services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	26	10
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Leasing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Financing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Insurance income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	12,018	11,113	$ 10,253
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Vehicles, parts, and accessories
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Used vehicles
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Extended service contracts
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Other revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	218	219
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Revenues from sales and services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	218	219
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Leasing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	5,795	5,552
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Financing income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	5,841	5,184
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Insurance income
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	$ 164	$ 158

Revenue - Remaining Performance

Revenue - Remaining Performance Obligation (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - Automotive - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Jan. 01, 2017
Other revenue | Minimum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	2 years
Other revenue | Maximum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	3 years
Vehicles, parts, and accessories
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue Performance Obligation Satisfied In Prior Period	$ 903	$ 887
Vehicles, parts, and accessories | Minimum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue Performance Obligation Payment Terms	30 days
Vehicles, parts, and accessories | Maximum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue Performance Obligation Payment Terms	120 days
Extended service contracts
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Contract with Customer, Liability		3,800	$ 3,500
Contract with Customer, Liability, Revenue Recognized	$ 1,100	1,000
Capitalized Contract Cost, Net	247	232
Capitalized Contract Cost, Amortization	$ 73	$ 63
Extended service contracts | Minimum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	12 months
Extended service contracts | Maximum [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period	120 months

Revenue - Amounts Expected to b

Revenue - Amounts Expected to be Recognized (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - Extended service contracts - Automotive $ in Billions	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2019-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount	$ 1.2
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount	1.1
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2021-01-01
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount	1.7
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: (nil)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount	$ 4

Other Income and Loss (Details)

Other Income and Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Net periodic pension and OPEB income/(cost), excluding service cost	$ 786	$ 1,757	$ (1,625)
Investment-related interest income	667	459	291
Interest income/(expense) on income taxes	33	2	3
Gain and loss on investment	115	(23)	2
Gains/(Losses) on changes in investments in affiliates	42	14	139
Royalty income	491	678	714
Insurance premiums earned	0	0	156
Other	113	380	489
Total	$ 2,247	$ 3,267	$ 169

Share-Based Compensation (Detai

Share-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Stock activity rollforward
Granted (weighted-average grant-date fair value)	$ 9.89	$ 12.37	$ 13.54
Compensation cost [Abstract]
Fair value of vested shares	$ 187	$ 175	$ 157
Compensation cost	$ 162	$ 193	$ 135
LTIP 2008 [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Percent Of Share Based Award Available For Grant In Succeeding Calendar Year	2.00%
Percent Of Share Based Award Available For Grant Limit On Increase	3.00%
Performance Shares [Member]
Assumptions [Abstract]
Grant date fair value	$ 9.03	$ 12.44	$ 15.56
Share Price	$ 10.40	$ 12.66	$ 13.54
Expected volatility	22.90%	23.40%	23.10%
Risk free interest rate	2.46%	1.57%	0.98%
Annualized dividend yield	5.00%	4.74%	4.43%
Period Used In Expected Volatility Calculations	3 years
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share Based Compensation Arrangement by Share based Payment Award Vesting Rights Percentage Anniversary Year 1	33.00%
Share Based Compensation Arrangement by Share based Payment Award Vesting Rights Percentage Anniversary Year 2	33.00%
Share Based Compensation Arrangement by Share based Payment Award Vesting Rights Percentage Anniversary Year 3	33.00%
Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Requisite Performance Period	3 years
Stock activity rollforward
Outstanding, beginning of year (in shares)	44,400,000
Granted (in shares)	37,700,000
Vested (in shares)	(13,700,000)
Forfeited (in shares)	(4,300,000)
Outstanding, end of year (in shares)	64,100,000	44,400,000
Outstanding, beginning of year (weighted-average grant date fair value)	$ 13.32
Granted (weighted-average grant-date fair value)	9.89
Vested (weighted-average grant-date fair value)	13.68
Forfeited (weighted-average grant-date fair value)	13.85
Outstanding, end of year (weighted-average grant date fair value)	$ 10.80	$ 13.32
Compensation cost [Abstract]
Tax benefit from compensation expense	$ 29	$ 52	$ 72
Unrealized compensation cost on non-vested stock	$ 146
Unrealized compensation weighted average period non-vested stock	1 year 11 months
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | 2014 Plan RSU Awards [Member]
Stock activity rollforward
Vested, Unissued (in shares)	684,461
PeerGroup [Member] | Performance Shares [Member]
Assumptions [Abstract]
Expected volatility	25.40%	26.00%	26.40%

Income Taxes (Details)

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Income before income taxes (in millions)
Income before income taxes	$ (17)	$ 1,094	$ 1,349	$ 1,919	$ 1,872	$ 1,770	$ 2,266	$ 2,251	$ 4,345	$ 8,159	$ 6,784
Current Federal Tax Expense (Benefit)									75	(125)	(122)
Current
Non-U.S.									690	868	630
State and local									(6)	85	12
Total current									759	828	520
Deferred
Federal									(360)	(1,214)	1,318
Non-U.S.									239	593	121
State and local									12	195	225
Total deferred									(109)	(426)	1,664
Total									$ 650	$ 402	$ 2,184
Reconciliation of effective tax rate
U.S. statutory rate									21.00%	35.00%	35.00%
Non-U.S. tax rates under U.S. rates									(1.20%)	(4.90%)	(1.00%)
State and local income taxes									2.00%	2.20%	2.30%
General business credits									(9.20%)	(3.60%)	(3.10%)
Dispositions and restructurings									4.60%	(11.70%)	7.40%
U.S. tax on non-U.S. earnings									8.10%	(7.00%)	(5.60%)
Prior year settlements and claims									1.10%	(0.20%)	0.00%
Tax-exempt income									(0.00%)	(0.00%)	(0.90%)
Enacted change in tax laws									(3.00%)	(8.20%)	(4.20%)
Valuation allowances									(9.60%)	5.60%	2.70%
Other									1.20%	(2.30%)	(0.40%)
Effective rate									15.00%	4.90%	32.20%
Future Effective Federal Income Tax Rate, Percent									21.00%
Deferred Federal Tax Expense/(Benefit) related to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act									$ 123
Undistributed Foreign Earnings, Deferred Taxes Not Provided	8,800								8,800
Undistributed Foreign Earnings, Potential Deferred Tax liability	300								300
Deferred tax assets
Employee benefit plans	4,039				5,293				4,039	$ 5,293
Net operating loss carryforwards	1,825				2,235				1,825	2,235
Tax credit carryforwards	9,199				9,122				9,199	9,122
Research expenditures	437				577				437	577
Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims	1,552				1,442				1,552	1,442
Other foreign deferred tax assets	648				430				648	430
All other	1,765				1,591				1,765	1,591
Total gross deferred tax assets	19,465				20,690				19,465	20,690
Less: valuation allowances	(973)				(1,492)				(973)	(1,492)
Total net deferred tax assets	18,492				19,198				18,492	19,198
Deferred tax liabilities
Leasing transactions	3,215				4,049				3,215	4,049
Deferred income	0				253				0	253
Depreciation and amortization (excluding leasing transactions)	2,865				2,646				2,865	2,646
Finance receivables	639				523				639	523
Other foreign deferred tax liabilities	948				842				948	842
All other	1,010				938				1,010	938
Total deferred tax liabilities	8,677				9,251				8,677	9,251
Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities)	9,815				9,947				9,815	9,947
Net operating loss carryforwards	1,825				2,235				1,825	2,235
Operating Loss Carryforwards Not Subject to Expiration	4,800								4,800
Tax Credit Carryforwards	9,200								$ 9,200
Tax Credit Carryforward, Remaining Carryforward Period									5 years
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance				$ 2,063				$ 1,586	$ 2,063	1,586
Increase – tax positions in prior periods									90	716
Increase – tax positions in current period									45	44
Decrease – tax positions in prior periods									(133)	(22)
Settlements									0	(263)
Lapse of statute of limitations									0	(10)
Foreign currency translation adjustment									(18)	12
Ending balance	2,047				2,063				2,047	2,063	$ 1,586
Unrecognized Tax Benefits that Would Impact Effective Tax Rate					2,000					2,000
Unrecognized Tax Benefits Interest Income									33	2	3
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Interest on Income Taxes Accrued	29				70				29	70
Income Taxes Paid, Net									821	586	740
UNITED STATES
Income before income taxes (in millions)
Income before income taxes									2,051	4,861	5,254
Reconciliation of effective tax rate
Deferred Federal Tax Expense/(Benefit) related to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act					$ (520)
Non-US [Member]
Income before income taxes (in millions)
Income before income taxes									2,294	3,298	1,530
Deferred tax assets
Less: valuation allowances	(1,000)								(1,000)
Deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets/(liabilities)	8,500								8,500
South America [Member]
Deferred tax liabilities
Valuation Allowance, Deferred Tax Asset, Increase (Decrease)									(1,100)
OperatingLossCarryforward [Member]
Deferred tax liabilities
Operating Loss Carryforwards Not Subject to Expiration	$ 3,600								$ 3,600
IRS Section 987 Tax Regulation [Member]
Reconciliation of effective tax rate
Deferred income tax expense/(benefit) on 2016 change in U.S. tax law											$ 300
Revaluing U.S. deferred tax liabilities [Member]
Reconciliation of effective tax rate
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Change in Enacted Tax Rate, Amount										(739)
US tax on unremitted non-US earnings [Member]
Reconciliation of effective tax rate
Deferred Federal Tax Expense/(Benefit) related to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act										$ 219

Capital Stock and Earnings Pe_3

Capital Stock and Earnings Per Share Capital Stock and Earnings Per Share - Narrative (Details)	Dec. 31, 2018$ / shares
Common Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock Voting Power Percentage	60.00%
First Liquidation Right Amount Available For Distribution Per Share	$ 0.50
Third Liquidation Right Amount Available For Distribution Per Share	$ 0.50
Class B Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Stock Voting Power Percentage	40.00%
Second Liquidation Right Amount Available For Distribution Per Share	$ 1

Capital Stock and Earnings Pe_4

Capital Stock and Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Basic and Diluted Income Attributable to Ford Motor Company [Abstract]
Basic income	$ (116)	$ 991	$ 1,066	$ 1,736	$ 2,520	$ 1,572	$ 2,047	$ 1,592	$ 3,677	$ 7,731	$ 4,589
Diluted income									$ 3,677	$ 7,731	$ 4,589
Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted [Abstract]
Basic shares (average shares outstanding)									3,974	3,975	3,973
Net dilutive options, unvested restricted stock units, and unvested restricted stock shares									24	23	26
Diluted shares									3,998	3,998	3,999

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and M_3

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 16,718	$ 18,492
Restricted Cash	189	146
Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents	16,907	18,638	$ 16,019	$ 14,336
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	2,221	2,429
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	17,233	20,435
U.S. government | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	359	913
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	3,303	6,546
U.S. government agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	521	733
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	2,018	2,868
Non-U.S. government and agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	283	703
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	5,284	5,930
Corporate debt | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	1,058	80
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	5,812	4,879
Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	424	138
Other marketable securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	392	74
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	7,058	8,930
Restricted Cash	16	15
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	1,059	1,401
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	15,925	17,554
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | U.S. government | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	220	913
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	3,014	5,580
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | U.S. government agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	496	433
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	1,953	2,484
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Non-U.S. government and agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	169	0
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	4,674	5,270
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Corporate debt | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	174	55
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	5,614	4,031
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	424	138
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Other marketable securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	246	51
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	53	4
Restricted Cash	33	7
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | U.S. government | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | U.S. government agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Non-U.S. government and agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Corporate debt | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member] | Other marketable securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	9,607	9,558
Restricted Cash	140	124
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	1,162	1,028
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	1,308	2,881
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | U.S. government | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	139	0
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	289	966
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | U.S. government agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	25	300
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	65	384
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Non-U.S. government and agencies | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	114	703
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	610	660
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Corporate debt | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure	884	25
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	198	848
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	0	0
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member] | Other marketable securities | Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Investments, Fair Value Disclosure	146	23
Equity Method Investments [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Marketable Securities, net unrealized gain loss	25	(27)
Fair value, estimate not practicable, Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments	14,497	16,063
Fair value, estimate not practicable, Carrying Amount [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments	5,999	7,529
Fair value, estimate not practicable, Carrying Amount [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments	53	4
Fair value, estimate not practicable, Carrying Amount [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments	$ 8,445	$ 8,530

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and M_4

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities Available for Sale Securities (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Sale Proceeds	$ 5,512,000,000	$ 3,315,000,000	$ 69,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Gross Realized Gains	1,000,000	3,000,000	1,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position [Abstract]
Other than Temporary Impairment Losses, Investments, Available-for-sale Securities	0	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Gross Realized Losses	21,000,000	8,000,000	$ 0
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost	12,911,000,000	11,338,000,000
Gross Unrealized Gains	12,000,000	1,000,000
Gross Unrealized Losses	(98,000,000)	(69,000,000)
Fair Value	12,825,000,000	11,270,000,000
Within 1 Year	3,854,000,000	2,033,000,000
After 1 Year through 5 Years	8,879,000,000	9,190,000,000
After 5 Years	92,000,000	47,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	2,674,000,000	8,551,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(19,000,000)	(49,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	6,534,000,000	1,673,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(79,000,000)	(20,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	9,208,000,000	10,224,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(98,000,000)	(69,000,000)
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | U.S. government
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost	2,933,000,000	3,669,000,000
Gross Unrealized Gains	5,000,000	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(10,000,000)	(18,000,000)
Fair Value	2,928,000,000	3,651,000,000
Within 1 Year	1,714,000,000	1,377,000,000
After 1 Year through 5 Years	1,214,000,000	2,274,000,000
After 5 Years	0	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	199,000,000	2,382,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(1,000,000)	(9,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	1,637,000,000	903,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(9,000,000)	(9,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	1,836,000,000	3,285,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(10,000,000)	(18,000,000)
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | U.S. government agencies
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost	1,920,000,000	1,915,000,000
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(18,000,000)	(15,000,000)
Fair Value	1,902,000,000	1,900,000,000
Within 1 Year	797,000,000	265,000,000
After 1 Year through 5 Years	1,087,000,000	1,620,000,000
After 5 Years	18,000,000	15,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	193,000,000	1,625,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(1,000,000)	(12,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	1,596,000,000	260,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(17,000,000)	(3,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	1,789,000,000	1,885,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(18,000,000)	(15,000,000)
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Non-U.S. government and agencies
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost	3,841,000,000	4,021,000,000
Gross Unrealized Gains	4,000,000	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(37,000,000)	(28,000,000)
Fair Value	3,808,000,000	3,993,000,000
Within 1 Year	194,000,000	197,000,000
After 1 Year through 5 Years	3,614,000,000	3,771,000,000
After 5 Years	0	25,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	341,000,000	3,148,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(1,000,000)	(20,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	2,445,000,000	510,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(36,000,000)	(8,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	2,786,000,000	3,658,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(37,000,000)	(28,000,000)
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Corporate debt
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost	4,010,000,000	1,716,000,000
Gross Unrealized Gains	3,000,000	1,000,000
Gross Unrealized Losses	(33,000,000)	(8,000,000)
Fair Value	3,980,000,000	1,709,000,000
Within 1 Year	1,148,000,000	194,000,000
After 1 Year through 5 Years	2,830,000,000	1,509,000,000
After 5 Years	2,000,000	6,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	1,816,000,000	1,396,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	(16,000,000)	(8,000,000)
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	856,000,000	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	(17,000,000)	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	2,672,000,000	1,396,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	(33,000,000)	(8,000,000)
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive | Other marketable securities
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost	207,000,000	17,000,000
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	0	0
Fair Value	207,000,000	17,000,000
Within 1 Year	1,000,000	0
After 1 Year through 5 Years	134,000,000	16,000,000
After 5 Years	72,000,000	$ 1,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position [Abstract]
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than Twelve Months, Fair Value	125,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Less than 12 Months, Accumulated Loss	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Twelve Months or Longer, Fair Value	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, 12 Months or Longer, Accumulated Loss	0
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value	125,000,000
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss	$ 0

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and M_5

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities Other Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]
Cost Method Investments	$ 250	$ 363

Financial Services Finance Re_3

Financial Services Finance Receivables Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Wholesale Loans Percentage of Dealer Financing	93.00%
Finance Receivable Before Unearned Interest Supplements	$ 113,994
Financing Receivable, Gross	110,486	$ 108,989
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses	(589)	(597)	$ (484)
Finance receivables, net	109,897	108,392
Financial Services finance receivables, net - Current portion	54,353	52,210
Finance receivable, net - Non-current portion	55,544	56,182
Net finance receivables subject to fair value	106,142	105,106
Finance Receivables Net Not Subject To Fair Value	3,800	3,300
Uncollected Interest Receivable Excluded From Finance Receivable	264	240
Consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Gross	76,114	75,051
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses	(566)	(582)	(469)
Finance receivables, net	75,548	74,469
Consumer [Member] | Retail financing [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Finance Receivable Before Unearned Interest Supplements	79,622	78,331
Unearned interest supplements	(3,508)	(3,280)
Financing Receivable, Gross	76,114	75,051
Non-consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Gross	34,372	33,938
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses	(23)	(15)	$ (15)
Finance receivables, net	34,349	33,923
Non-consumer [Member] | Dealer financing [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Finance Receivable Before Unearned Interest Supplements	34,372
Financing Receivable, Gross	34,372	33,938
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Finance Receivable Fair Value	105,676	104,521
Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Gross	40,700	38,900
Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Non-consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Gross	$ 25,700	$ 24,500

Financial Services Finance Re_4

Financial Services Finance Receivables - Contractual Maturities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Finance Receivables Maturity [Abstract]
Finance Receivables Current	$ 55,845
Finance Receivables In Two Years	21,179
Finance Receivables In Three Years	16,916
Finance Receivables In Four Years And Thereafter	20,054
Total Finance Receivable Before Unearned Interest Supplements	113,994
Consumer [Member] | Retail financing [Member]
Finance Receivables Maturity [Abstract]
Finance Receivables Current	23,564
Finance Receivables In Two Years	20,518
Finance Receivables In Three Years	16,716
Finance Receivables In Four Years And Thereafter	18,824
Total Finance Receivable Before Unearned Interest Supplements	79,622	$ 78,331
Investments in Direct Financing Leases [Abstract]
Estimated residual values	309
Non-consumer [Member] | Dealer financing [Member]
Finance Receivables Maturity [Abstract]
Finance Receivables Current	32,281
Finance Receivables In Two Years	661
Finance Receivables In Three Years	200
Finance Receivables In Four Years And Thereafter	1,230
Total Finance Receivable Before Unearned Interest Supplements	$ 34,372

Financial Services Finance Re_5

Financial Services Finance Receivables Aging (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Number Of Days After Which Finance Receivable Is Considered Past Due	31 days
Financing Receivable, Gross	$ 110,486	$ 108,989
Consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing	20	24
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due	1,060	934
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Current	75,054	74,117
Financing Receivable, Gross	76,114	75,051
Consumer [Member] | Financing Receivables, 31 to 60 Days Past due [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due	859	748
Consumer [Member] | Financing Receivables, 61 to 90 Days Past due [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due	123	113
Consumer [Member] | Financing Receivables, 91 to 120 Days Past due [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due	39	36
Consumer [Member] | Financing Receivables, Greater than 120 Days Past due [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due	39	37
Non-consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due	76	122
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Current	34,296	33,816
Financing Receivable, Gross	$ 34,372	$ 33,938

Financial Services Finance Re_6

Financial Services Finance Receivables - Credit Quality (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	$ 110,486	$ 108,989
Finance Receivables Net Not Subject To Fair Value	3,800	3,300
Consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	76,114	75,051
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing	$ 20	$ 24
Impaired Financing Receivable Recorded Investment, Percentage of Receivable	0.50%	0.50%
Consumer [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Substandard [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Finance Receivables Credit Quality Ratings Term Range	120 days
Consumer [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Special Mention [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Finance Receivables Credit Quality Ratings Term Range	61 days
Consumer [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Pass [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Finance Receivables Credit Quality Ratings Term Range	60 days
Consumer [Member] | Maximum [Member] | Special Mention [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Finance Receivables Credit Quality Ratings Term Range	120 days
Non-consumer [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	$ 34,372	$ 33,938
Impaired Financing Receivable Recorded Investment, Percentage of Receivable	0.40%	0.40%
Non-consumer [Member] | Dealer financing [Member]
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	$ 34,372	$ 33,938
Non-consumer [Member] | Dealer financing [Member] | Group I
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	27,032	26,252
Non-consumer [Member] | Dealer financing [Member] | Group II
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	5,635	5,908
Non-consumer [Member] | Dealer financing [Member] | Group III
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	1,576	1,640
Non-consumer [Member] | Dealer financing [Member] | Group IV
Financing Receivables [Line Items]
Financing Receivable By Credit Quality Indicator	$ 129	$ 138

Financial Services Finance Re_7

Financial Services Finance Receivables - Impaired receivables (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Financing Receivable Impaired [Line Items]
Threshold Period for Impaired Finance Receivables	120 days
Consumer [Member]
Financing Receivable Impaired [Line Items]
Recorded investment of receivables that were impaired	$ 370	$ 386
Percentage of recorded investment of receivables that were impaired	0.50%	0.50%
Non-consumer [Member]
Financing Receivable Impaired [Line Items]
Recorded investment of receivables that were impaired	$ 129	$ 138
Percentage of recorded investment of receivables that were impaired	0.40%	0.40%

Financial Services Allowance _3

Financial Services Allowance for Credit Losses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Losses [Line Items]
Term When Finance Receivables Are Considered Impaired	120 days
Term to Charge Off Finance Receivables	120 days
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance	$ 597	$ 484
Charge-offs	(595)	(517)
Recoveries	170	148
Provision for credit losses	427	469
Other	(10)	13
Ending balance	589	597
Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses
Collective impairment allowance	560	573
Specific impairment allowance	29	24
Ending balance	589	597
Collectively evaluated for impairment	109,987	108,465
Specifically evaluated for impairment	499	524
Financing Receivable, Gross	110,486	108,989
Finance receivables, net	109,897	108,392
Ending balance (including reserves for operating leases)	667	668
Consumer [Member]
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance	582	469
Charge-offs	(528)	(510)
Recoveries	163	139
Provision for credit losses	359	471
Other	(10)	13
Ending balance	566	582
Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses
Collective impairment allowance	546	560
Specific impairment allowance	20	22
Ending balance	566	582
Collectively evaluated for impairment	75,744	74,665
Specifically evaluated for impairment	370	386
Financing Receivable, Gross	76,114	75,051
Finance receivables, net	75,548	74,469
Non-consumer [Member]
Allowance for credit losses
Beginning balance	15	15
Charge-offs	(67)	(7)
Recoveries	7	9
Provision for credit losses	68	(2)
Other	0	0
Ending balance	23	15
Analysis of ending balance of allowance for credit losses
Collective impairment allowance	14	13
Specific impairment allowance	9	2
Ending balance	23	15
Collectively evaluated for impairment	34,243	33,800
Specifically evaluated for impairment	129	138
Financing Receivable, Gross	34,372	33,938
Finance receivables, net	$ 34,349	$ 33,923

Inventories (Details)

Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Raw materials, work-in-process and supplies	$ 4,536	$ 4,397
Finished products	6,684	6,779
Total inventories	$ 11,220	$ 11,176

Net Investment in Operating L_3

Net Investment in Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Total	$ 29,119	$ 28,235
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Vehicles, net of depreciation	1,705	1,574
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit [Member]
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Vehicles and other equipment, at cost (a)	33,557	32,659
Accumulated depreciation	(6,065)	(5,927)
Allowance for credit losses	(78)	(71)
Total	27,414	26,661
Operating Leases, Income Statement, Lease Revenue [Abstract]
Operating lease depreciation expense	3,867	4,135	$ 4,330
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Receivable [Abstract]
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Receivable, Current	4,708
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Receivable, in Two Years	2,929
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Receivable, in Three Years	1,083
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Receivable, in Four Years	83
Thereafter	6
Minimum rentals on operating leases	8,809
Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member]
Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]
Total	$ 16,300	$ 11,500

Net Property and Lease Commit_3

Net Property and Lease Commitments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Net property	$ 36,178	$ 35,327
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization [Abstract]
Depreciation and other amortization	2,504	2,292	$ 2,130
Tooling amortization	2,909	2,695	2,563
Depreciation And Amortization, Property Related	5,413	4,987	4,693
Maintenance and rearrangement	1,994	1,970	1,801
Operating Leases, Future Minimum Payments Due [Abstract]
Operating lease commitments, due in next twelve months	363
Operating lease commitments, due in two years	271
Operating lease commitments, due in three years	193
Operating lease commitments, due in four years	141
Operating lease commitments, due in five years	106
Operating lease commitments, due thereafter	437
Operating lease commitments, due total	1,511
Operating Leases, Rent Expense, Net [Abstract]
Operating Lease Expense	552	526	$ 474
Land
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Gross property	445	411
Buildings and land improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Gross property	$ 11,477	11,096
Machinery, equipment, and other
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	14 years 6 months
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Gross property	$ 38,720	37,533
Software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	8 years
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Gross property	$ 3,349	3,118
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Gross property	2,066	2,608
Total land, plant and equipment, and other
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Gross property	56,057	54,766
Accumulated depreciation	(30,243)	(29,862)
Net property	25,814	24,904
Tooling, net of amortization
Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, by Type [Abstract]
Net property	$ 10,364	$ 10,423
Buildings
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	36 years
Land Improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	30 years
Minimum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	3 years
Maximum [Member]
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life	36 years

Equity in Net Assets of Affil_3

Equity in Net Assets of Affiliated Companies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 2,709	$ 3,085
Dividends from affiliated companies	330	1,400	$ 1,600
Current assets	8,277	10,191
Non-current assets	9,733	9,796
Total assets	18,010	19,987
Current liabilities	9,190	10,557
Non-current liabilities	3,149	3,022
Total liabilities	12,339	13,579
Equity attributable to noncontrolling interests	11	10
Total revenue	27,196	35,172	36,992
Income before income taxes	484	2,980	4,401
Net income	463	2,584	$ 3,747
Changan Ford Automobile Corporation, Limited
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 950	1,144
Ownership Percentage	50.00%
Jiangling Motors Corporation, Limited
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 543	675
Ownership Percentage	32.00%
AutoAlliance (Thailand) Co., Ltd.
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 431	439
Ownership Percentage	50.00%
Ford Otomotiv Sanayi Anonim Sirketi
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 247	329
Ownership Percentage	41.00%
Getrag Ford Transmissions GmbH
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 236	222
Ownership Percentage	50.00%
FFS Finance South Africa (Pty) Limited
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 81	71
Ownership Percentage	50.00%
Changan Ford Mazda Engine Company, Ltd.
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 71	84
Ownership Percentage	25.00%
Ionity Holding GmbH & Co. KG
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 42	12
Ownership Percentage	25.00%
DealerDirect LLC
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 33	33
Ownership Percentage	97.70%
RouteOne LLC
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 31	24
Ownership Percentage	30.00%
Thirdware Solutions Limited
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 12	12
Ownership Percentage	20.00%
Percepta, LLC
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 10	8
Ownership Percentage	45.00%
Chongqing ANTE Trading Co., Ltd.
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 6	5
Ownership Percentage	10.00%
U.S. Council for Automotive Research, LLC
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 6	5
Ownership Percentage	33.30%
Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership, LLC
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 4	3
Ownership Percentage	50.00%
Blue Diamond Parts, LLC
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 3	3
Ownership Percentage	25.00%
CNF-Administradora de Consorcio Nacional Ltda
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 3	6
Ownership Percentage	33.30%
Automotive Fuel Cell Cooperation Corporation
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 0	10
Ownership Percentage	49.90%
ZF Transmission Tech, LLC
Equity Method Investment, Financial Statement, Reported Amounts [Abstract]
Investment Balance	$ 0	$ 0
Ownership Percentage	49.00%

Equity in Net Assets of Affil_4

Equity in Net Assets of Affiliated Companies Equity in Net Assets of Affiliated Companies - Transactions with equity method investees (Details) - Equity Method Investee [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Sales	$ 4,426	$ 4,481	$ 4,367
Purchases	10,477	9,422	8,665
Royalty income	374	583	$ 649
Receivables	634	769
Payables	$ 663	$ 850

Other Liabilities and Deferre_3

Other Liabilities and Deferred Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Other Liabilities [Abstract]
Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims	$ 11,369	$ 10,902
Deferred revenue	2,095	2,107
Employee benefit plans	1,755	1,661
Accrued interest	988	1,057
OPEB	339	348
Pension	204	229
Other	3,806	3,393
Total current other liabilities and deferred revenue	20,556	19,697
Pension	9,423	9,932
OPEB	5,220	5,821
Dealer and dealers’ customer allowances and claims	2,497	2,471
Deferred revenue	3,985	3,829
Employee benefit plans	1,080	1,139
Other	1,383	1,519
Total non-current other liabilities and deferred revenue	$ 23,588	$ 24,711

Retirement Benefits (Details)

Retirement Benefits (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Postretirement Benefits [Line Items]
Defined Contribution Plan, Cost	$ 143	$ 142	$ 132
Pension Plan [Member]
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Postretirement Benefits [Line Items]
Defined Contribution Plan, Cost	$ 393	$ 377	$ 340
Other Postretirement Benefit Plan, Defined Benefit [Member]
Weighted average assumptions [Abstract]
Discount Rate	4.17%	3.61%
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.44%	3.44%
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	0.00%	0.00%
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.44%	3.44%
Other Postretirement Benefit Plan Service Cost [Member]
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount Rate	3.70%	4.15%
Other Postretirement Benefit Plan Interest Cost [Member]
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount Rate	3.27%	3.41%
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member]
Weighted average assumptions [Abstract]
Discount Rate	4.29%	3.60%
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.50%	3.50%
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	6.75%	6.75%
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.50%	3.50%
U.S. Plans | United States Pension Plan US Entity Service Cost [Member]
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount Rate	3.67%	4.18%
U.S. Plans | United States Pension Plan US Entity Interest Cost [Member]
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount Rate	3.22%	3.40%
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Weighted average assumptions [Abstract]
Discount Rate	2.48%	2.33%
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.37%	3.37%
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	4.51%	5.19%
Average rate of increase in compensation	3.37%	3.38%
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Foreign Pension Plan Service Cost [Member]
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount Rate	2.39%	2.51%
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Foreign Pension Plan Interest Cost [Member]
Assumptions used to determine net benefit cost [Abstract]
Discount Rate	2.02%	2.07%
2019-12-31 [Member]
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Postretirement Benefits [Line Items]
Maximum years of service pension	35

Retirement Benefits - Expense (

Retirement Benefits - Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Worldwide OPEB [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost		$ 54	$ 49	$ 49
Interest cost		195	197	194
Expected return on assets		0	0	0
Amortization of prior service costs/(credits)		(109)	(120)	(142)
Net remeasurement (gain)/loss		(366)	293	220
Defined Benefit Plan Separation Programs and Other		1	2	0
Settlements and curtailments		0	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)		(225)	421	321
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost		544	534	510
Interest cost		1,466	1,525	1,524
Expected return on assets		(2,887)	(2,734)	(2,693)
Amortization of prior service costs/(credits)		143	143	170
Net remeasurement (gain)/loss		1,294	(538)	900
Defined Benefit Plan Separation Programs and Other		53	74	12
Settlements and curtailments	$ (354)	(15)	(354)	0
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)		598	(1,350)	423
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost		588	566	483
Interest cost		684	671	782
Expected return on assets		(1,295)	(1,375)	(1,339)
Amortization of prior service costs/(credits)		25	37	38
Net remeasurement (gain)/loss		(76)	407	1,876
Defined Benefit Plan Separation Programs and Other		103	18	81
Settlements and curtailments		(2)	(3)	2
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)		$ 27	$ 321	$ 1,923

Retirement Benefits - Status (D

Retirement Benefits - Status (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Pension Plan [Member]
Plan Contributions [Abstract]
Payment for Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits	$ 400
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Contributions Unfunded Plans	350
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Employer Contributions, Next Fiscal Year	650
defined benefit plan estimated future employer discretionary contributions in next fiscal year	140
Pension And Other Postretirement Expected Benefit Contributions Unfunded Plans	350
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Contributions and Expected Future Employer Contributions To Funded and Unfunded Plans	1,000
Worldwide OPEB [Member]
Change in Benefit Obligation
Benefit obligation at January 1	6,169	$ 5,865
Service cost	54	49	$ 49
Interest cost	195	197
Amendments	0	0
Separation programs and other	1	1
Curtailments	0	0
Settlements	0	0
Plan participant contributions	17	24
Benefits paid - Worldwide OPEB	(372)	(368)
Foreign exchange translation	(139)	108
Actuarial (gain)/loss	(366)	293
Benefit obligation at December 31	5,559	6,169	5,865
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	0	0
Actual return on plan assets	0	0
Company contributions	0	0
Plan participant contributions - Worldwide OPEB	0	0
Benefits paid - Worldwide OPEB	0	0
Settlements	0	0
Foreign exchange translation	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan Other Increase Decrease Plan Assets	0	0
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	0	0	0
Funded status at December 31	(5,559)	(6,169)
Amounts Recognized on the Balance Sheet
Prepaid assets	0	0
Accrued liabilities	(5,559)	(6,169)
Total	(5,559)	(6,169)
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (pre-tax)
Unamortized prior service costs/(credits)	97	(209)
Expected Future Benefit Payments and Amortization
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Next Twelve Months	350
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two	340
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three	340
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four	330
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five	330
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payments, Five Fiscal Year Thereafter	1,640
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans, Amounts that Will be Amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) in Next Fiscal Year [Abstract]
Prior service cost/(credit) expected to be recognized	(70)
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Benefit Obligation
Benefit obligation at January 1	46,340	45,746
Service cost	544	534	510
Interest cost	1,466	1,525
Amendments	0	0
Separation programs and other	9	35
Curtailments	(15)	(356)
Settlements	0	0
Plan participant contributions	25	24
Benefits paid	(2,880)	(3,267)
Foreign exchange translation	0	0
Actuarial (gain)/loss	(3,220)	2,099
Benefit obligation at December 31	42,269	46,340	45,746
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	44,160	41,939
Actual return on plan assets	(1,627)	5,371
Company contributions	140	133
Plan participant contributions	25	24
Benefits paid	(2,880)	(3,267)
Settlements	0	0
Foreign exchange translation	0	0
Defined Benefit Plan Other Increase Decrease Plan Assets	(44)	(40)
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	39,774	44,160	41,939
Funded status at December 31	(2,495)	(2,180)
Amounts Recognized on the Balance Sheet
Prepaid assets	165	386
Accrued liabilities	(2,660)	(2,566)
Total	(2,495)	(2,180)
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (pre-tax)
Unamortized prior service costs/(credits)	95	238
Pension Plans in which Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31
Accumulated benefit obligation	1,965	2,092
Fair value of plan assets	137	155
Accumulated Benefit Obligation at December 31	41,312	45,081
Pension Plans in which Projected Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31
Projected benefit obligation	20,529	22,378
Fair value of plan assets	17,872	19,812
Expected Future Benefit Payments and Amortization
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Next Twelve Months	3,050
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two	2,820
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three	2,790
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four	2,760
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five	2,760
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payments, Five Fiscal Year Thereafter	13,640
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans, Amounts that Will be Amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) in Next Fiscal Year [Abstract]
Prior service cost/(credit) expected to be recognized	87
U.S. Plans | Alternatives | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	6,598
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	6,505	6,598
U.S. Plans | Hedge Funds [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	3,060
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	3,217	3,060
U.S. Plans | Private Equity Funds [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	2,322
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	2,046	2,322
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Benefit Obligation
Benefit obligation at January 1	34,098	30,624
Service cost	588	566	483
Interest cost	684	671
Amendments	135	0
Separation programs and other	97	17
Curtailments	(2)	(3)
Settlements	(16)	(52)
Plan participant contributions	19	20
Benefits paid	(1,316)	(1,316)
Foreign exchange translation	(1,858)	3,323
Actuarial (gain)/loss	(1,350)	248
Benefit obligation at December 31	31,079	34,098	30,624
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	29,657	25,549
Actual return on plan assets	21	1,216
Company contributions	629	1,624
Plan participant contributions	19	20
Benefits paid	(1,316)	(1,316)
Settlements	(16)	(52)
Foreign exchange translation	(1,708)	2,623
Defined Benefit Plan Other Increase Decrease Plan Assets	(13)	(7)
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	27,273	29,657	$ 25,549
Funded status at December 31	(3,806)	(4,441)
Amounts Recognized on the Balance Sheet
Prepaid assets	3,161	3,154
Accrued liabilities	(6,967)	(7,595)
Total	(3,806)	(4,441)
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (pre-tax)
Unamortized prior service costs/(credits)	285	191
Pension Plans in which Accumulated Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31
Accumulated benefit obligation	10,904	11,506
Fair value of plan assets	5,232	5,287
Accumulated Benefit Obligation at December 31	27,787	30,449
Pension Plans in which Projected Benefit Obligation Exceeds Plan Assets at December 31
Projected benefit obligation	12,321	13,385
Fair value of plan assets	5,357	5,790
Expected Future Benefit Payments and Amortization
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Next Twelve Months	1,290
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Two	1,180
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Three	1,190
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Four	1,200
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payment, Year Five	1,220
Defined Benefit Plan, Expected Future Benefit Payments, Five Fiscal Year Thereafter	6,460
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans, Amounts that Will be Amortized from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) in Next Fiscal Year [Abstract]
Prior service cost/(credit) expected to be recognized	33
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Alternatives | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	2,362
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	2,243	2,362
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Hedge Funds [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	1,179
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	1,143	1,179
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Private Equity Funds [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Change in Plan Assets
Fair value of plan assets at January 1	722
Fair value of plan assets at December 31	$ 687	$ 722

Retirement Benefits - Fair Valu

Retirement Benefits - Fair Value of Plan Assets (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan Percent Of Employer And Related Party Securities Included In Plan Assets Maximum	1.00%
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	6.75%
Defined Benefit Plan Fair Value Of Plan Assets Dividends And Interest Receivable	$ 340,000,000	$ 344,000,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	39,774,000,000	44,160,000,000	$ 41,939,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	9,335,000,000	10,845,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	23,933,000,000	26,712,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,000,000	5,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 6,505,000,000	6,598,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage	80.00%
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 2,061,000,000	3,868,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,033,000,000	3,804,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	27,000,000	63,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,000,000	1,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,263,000,000	2,160,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,246,000,000	2,135,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	17,000,000	25,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	798,000,000	1,708,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	787,000,000	1,669,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	10,000,000	38,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,000,000	1,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	31,830,000,000	33,267,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	7,924,000,000	6,614,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	23,906,000,000	26,649,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	4,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	10,232,000,000	9,445,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	7,915,000,000	6,603,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,317,000,000	2,842,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,073,000,000	1,575,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,073,000,000	1,575,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	19,905,000,000	21,621,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	19,905,000,000	21,617,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	4,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	474,000,000	590,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	474,000,000	590,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	94,000,000	49,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	94,000,000	49,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	52,000,000	(13,000,000)
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	9,000,000	11,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	43,000,000	(24,000,000)
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Growth Assets [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Target Allocation, Percentage	20.00%
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Repurchase Agreements [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ (1,700,000,000)	(360,000,000)
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	6,505,000,000	6,598,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	6,505,000,000	6,598,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	3,217,000,000	3,060,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	3,217,000,000	3,060,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,046,000,000	2,322,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,046,000,000	2,322,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,242,000,000	1,216,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,242,000,000	1,216,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	354,000,000	1,380,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	354,000,000	1,380,000,000
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Other
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(976,000,000)	(953,000,000)
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(976,000,000)	(953,000,000)
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
U.S. Plans | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	4.18%
Defined Benefit Plan Fair Value Of Plan Assets Dividends And Interest Receivable	$ 115,000,000	106,000,000
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	27,273,000,000	29,657,000,000	$ 25,549,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,142,000,000	3,092,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	18,639,000,000	18,570,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	5,249,000,000	5,633,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,243,000,000	2,362,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,278,000,000	3,497,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,040,000,000	2,926,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	237,000,000	571,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,000,000	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Equity | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,249,000,000	1,736,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,146,000,000	1,593,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	103,000,000	143,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. companies | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,029,000,000	1,761,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	894,000,000	1,333,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	134,000,000	428,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,000,000	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | International companies | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	18,830,000,000	18,492,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	428,000,000	493,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	18,402,000,000	17,999,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	563,000,000	593,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	415,000,000	495,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	148,000,000	98,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | U.S. government | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	14,871,000,000	14,088,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	14,871,000,000	14,088,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Non-U.S. government | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,875,000,000	3,217,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,875,000,000	3,217,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Corporate bonds | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	286,000,000	301,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	286,000,000	301,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Mortgage/other asset-backed | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	268,000,000	251,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	268,000,000	251,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Commingled funds | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(33,000,000)	42,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	13,000,000	(2,000,000)
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(46,000,000)	44,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Fixed Income Funds Net Derivative Financial Instruments [Member] | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Repurchase Agreements [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(1,400,000,000)	(181,000,000)
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,243,000,000	2,362,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Alternatives | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	2,243,000,000	2,362,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,143,000,000	1,179,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Hedge funds | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,143,000,000	1,179,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	687,000,000	722,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Private equity | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	687,000,000	722,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	413,000,000	461,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Real estate | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	413,000,000	461,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(641,000,000)	388,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(641,000,000)	388,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Cash and cash equivalents | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Other
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	4,563,000,000	4,918,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Level 1 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(685,000,000)	(715,000,000)
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Level 2 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	5,248,000,000	5,633,000,000
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Other | Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	0	0
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Pension Plan [Member] | Ford Werke GmbH [Member] | Other Pension Benefit Plan Asset Insurance Contracts [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 4,300,000,000	$ 4,800,000,000
Canada | Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	5.00%
United Kingdom | Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Expected long-term rate of return on assets	4.25%

Retirement Benefits - Changes i

Retirement Benefits - Changes in Level 3 Pension Benefit Plan Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - Pension Plan [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
U.S. Plans
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 39,774	$ 44,160	$ 41,939
Fair Value at January 1	5	14
Attributable to Assets Held at December 31	0	(2)
Attributable to Assets Sold	5	(2)
Net Purchases/ (Settlements)	4	(9)
Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3	(3)	0
Fair Value at December 31	1	5
Non-U.S. Plans [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	27,273	29,657	$ 25,549
Fair Value at January 1	5,633	5,252
Attributable to Assets Held at December 31	(384)	381
Attributable to Assets Sold	(1)	0
Net Purchases/ (Settlements)	(1)	0
Transfers Into/ (Out of) Level 3	0	0
Fair Value at December 31	5,249	5,633
Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Ford Werke GmbH [Member] | Other Pension Benefit Plan Asset Insurance Contracts [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value at January 1	4,800
Fair Value at December 31	4,300	4,800
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | U.S. Plans
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	9,335	10,845
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | U.S. Plans | Cash Cash equivalents and repurchase agreements [Domain]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(1,700)	(360)
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Non-U.S. Plans [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	1,142	3,092
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Non-U.S. Plans [Member] | Cash Cash equivalents and repurchase agreements [Domain]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	(1,400)	(181)
Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member] | U.S. Plans
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	6,505	6,598
Fair Value Measured at Net Asset Value Per Share [Member] | Non-U.S. Plans [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Defined Benefit Plan, Plan Assets, Amount	$ 2,243	$ 2,362

Debt And Commitments - Debt Out

Debt And Commitments - Debt Outstanding (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Automotive
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unamortized (discount)/premium, current	$ (16)	$ (23)
Total debt payable within one year	2,314	3,356
Unamortized (discount)/premium, non-current	(224)	(290)
Unamortized issuance costs, non-current	(72)	(76)
Debt	13,547	15,931
Total long-term debt payable after one year	11,233	12,575
Automotive | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Fair Value	13,319	17,976
Automotive | Other debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term payable within one year	1,125	1,031
Long-term debt payable after one year	1,026	1,848
Debt	2,648
Automotive | Other debt [Member] | DOE ATVM Incentive Program
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term payable within one year	591	591
Long-term debt payable after one year	1,470	2,060
Debt	2,061
Automotive | Corporate debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term payable within one year	0	361
Long-term debt payable after one year	9,033	$ 9,033
Debt	$ 8,838
Automotive | Corporate Debt Securities and Notes Payable Other Payables [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate	5.20%	5.10%
Debt, Weighted Average Effective Interest Rate	5.70%	5.80%
Automotive | Other debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Short-term	$ 614	$ 1,396
Debt, Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate	2.90%	5.50%
Debt, Weighted Average Effective Interest Rate	2.90%	5.50%
Ford Credit [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unamortized (discount)/premium, current	$ 2	$ 1
Unamortized issuance costs, current	(16)	(16)
Fair value adjustments, current	(15)	12
Total debt payable within one year	51,179	48,265
Unamortized (discount)/premium, non-current	0	(2)
Unamortized issuance costs, non-current	(195)	(212)
Fair value adjustments, non-current	(171)	(33)
Debt	140,066	137,757
Total long-term debt payable after one year	88,887	89,492
Debt Carrying Value Fair Value	38,000	39,000
Interest Paid, Excluding Capitalized Interest, Operating Activities	3,500	2,900	$ 2,500
Ford Credit [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Fair Value	138,809	139,605
Ford Credit [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term payable within one year	14,373	13,298
Long-term debt payable after one year	52,409	55,687
Debt	80,222
Ford Credit [Member] | Secured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term payable within one year	22,130	17,817
Long-term debt payable after one year	36,844	$ 34,052
Debt	$ 59,844
Ford Credit [Member] | Securitized and Unsecuritized Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate	2.80%	2.50%
Debt, Weighted Average Effective Interest Rate	2.80%	2.60%
Ford Credit [Member] | Other debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Short-term	$ 14,705	$ 17,153
Debt, Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate	3.50%	3.00%
Debt, Weighted Average Effective Interest Rate	3.50%	3.00%
Other Segments [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unamortized (discount)/premium, non-current	$ (3)	$ (3)
Unamortized issuance costs, non-current	(1)	(2)
Debt	600	599
Total long-term debt payable after one year	600	599
Other Segments [Member] | Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Fair Value	697	801
Other Segments [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt payable after one year	604	$ 604
Debt	$ 600
Debt, Weighted Average Contractual Interest Rate	9.30%	9.30%
Debt, Weighted Average Effective Interest Rate	9.20%	9.20%
Automotive and All Other Segments [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Paid, Excluding Capitalized Interest, Operating Activities	$ 1,200	$ 1,100	$ 836
Short-term Debt [Member] | Automotive
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Short-term Debt, Fair Value	458	1,100
Short-term Debt [Member] | Ford Credit [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Short-term Debt, Fair Value	$ 13,800	$ 16,400

Debt And Commitments - Maturiti

Debt And Commitments - Maturities (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Automotive
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	$ 2,330
Maturities due in Year Two	852
Maturities due in Year Three	809
Maturities due in Year Four	555
Maturities due in Year Five	205
Maturities due after Year Five	9,108
Adjustments	(312)
Debt	13,547	$ 15,931
Automotive | Corporate debt [Member]
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	0
Maturities due in Year Two	0
Maturities due in Year Three	0
Maturities due in Year Four	86
Maturities due in Year Five	0
Maturities due after Year Five	8,947
Adjustments	(195)
Debt	8,838
Automotive | Other debt [Member]
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	1,739
Maturities due in Year Two	261
Maturities due in Year Three	218
Maturities due in Year Four	181
Maturities due in Year Five	205
Maturities due after Year Five	161
Adjustments	(117)
Debt	2,648
Automotive | Other debt [Member] | DOE ATVM Incentive Program
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	591
Maturities due in Year Two	591
Maturities due in Year Three	591
Maturities due in Year Four	288
Maturities due in Year Five	0
Maturities due after Year Five	0
Adjustments	0
Debt	2,061
Ford Credit
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	51,208
Maturities due in Year Two	34,077
Maturities due in Year Three	23,153
Maturities due in Year Four	12,830
Maturities due in Year Five	8,490
Maturities due after Year Five	10,703
Adjustments	(395)
Debt	140,066	137,757
Ford Credit | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	28,135
Maturities due in Year Two	15,073
Maturities due in Year Three	15,288
Maturities due in Year Four	8,343
Maturities due in Year Five	5,895
Maturities due after Year Five	7,810
Adjustments	(322)
Debt	80,222
Ford Credit | Secured Debt [Member]
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	23,073
Maturities due in Year Two	19,004
Maturities due in Year Three	7,865
Maturities due in Year Four	4,487
Maturities due in Year Five	2,595
Maturities due after Year Five	2,893
Adjustments	(73)
Debt	59,844
Other Segments [Member]
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Debt	600	$ 599
Other Segments [Member] | Unsecured Debt [Member]
Maturities of Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, including and Short Term Debt [Abstract]
Maturities due In Next Twelve Months	0
Maturities due in Year Two	130
Maturities due in Year Three	180
Maturities due in Year Four	0
Maturities due in Year Five	0
Maturities due after Year Five	294
Adjustments	(4)
Debt	$ 600

Debt and Commitments - Public U

Debt and Commitments - Public Unsecured Debt Securities (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - Automotive - Corporate debt - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 9,033	$ 9,394
Debentures due August 1, 2018 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 0	361
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	6.50%
Debentures due January 15, 2022 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 86	86
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	8.875%
Debentures due November 15, 2025 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 209	209
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	7.125%
Debentures due August 1, 2026 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 193	193
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	7.50%
Debentures due February 15, 2028 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 104	104
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	6.625%
Debentures due October 1, 2028 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 638	638
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	6.625%
Debentures due February 1, 2029 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 260	260
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	6.375%
GLOBLS due July 16 2031 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 1,794	1,794
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	7.45%
Debentures due January 15, 2032 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 151	151
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	8.90%
Debentures due February 15, 2032 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 4	4
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	9.95%
Debentures due June 15, 2043 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 73	73
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	7.75%
Debentures due November 1, 2046 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 398	398
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	7.40%
Debentures due February 15, 2047 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 181	181
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	9.98%
Debentures due May 15, 2097 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 142	142
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	7.70%
Notes Due December 8, 2026 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 1,500	1,500
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	4.346%
Notes Due December 8, 2046 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 1,300	1,300
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	5.291%
Notes Due January 15, 2043 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt, principal amount	$ 2,000	$ 2,000
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	4.75%
Debentures due September 15, 2021 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage	9.215%
Public Unsecured Debt Aggregate Principal Amount Outstanding of On Lent Securities	$ 180

Debt and Commitments - DOE ATVM

Debt and Commitments - DOE ATVM Incentive Program, and Automotive Credit Facilities (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] - Automotive $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 11,900
local credit facilities [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	1,500
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	13,400
Debt Covenant Minimum Liquidity Amount	4,000
Line of Credit Facility, Amount Outstanding	$ 27
Revolving Credit Facility, Maturing April 30, 2023 [Domain]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit, Percent Maturing	75.00%
Revolving Credit Facility, Maturing April 30, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit, Percent Maturing	25.00%
Revolving Credit Facility, Committed to Ford Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 3,000
Non-U.S. Automotive Affiliates Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Amount Outstanding	735
Other debt [Member] | DOE ATVM Incentive Program
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	5,900
Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity	$ 2,100
Line of Credit Facility, Interest Rate During Period	2.30%
Line of Credit Facility, Periodic Payment	$ 148

Debt and Commitments - Asset Ba

Debt and Commitments - Asset Backed Debt (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Derivative income/(expense)	$ 32,000,000	$ 245,000,000	$ 1,561,000,000
Cash and cash equivalents	16,718,000,000	18,492,000,000
Finance receivables, net	109,897,000,000	108,392,000,000
Net investment in operating leases	29,119,000,000	28,235,000,000
Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Net investment in operating leases	16,300,000,000	11,500,000,000
Ford Credit | Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Secured Debt [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cash contribution for collateral to support Wholesale Securitization Program	0	0
Ford Credit | Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Secured Debt [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cash contribution for collateral to support Wholesale Securitization Program	179,000,000	9,000,000
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit | Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	3,000,000,000	3,800,000,000
Finance receivables, net	66,200,000,000	63,200,000,000
Net investment in operating leases	16,300,000,000	11,500,000,000
Debt	59,800,000,000	52,600,000,000
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit | Securitization Transactions VIE Primary Beneficiary and Non VIEs Primary Beneficiary [Member] | Secured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Cash Collateral to Support Wholesale Transactions	0
Derivative income/(expense)	(17,000,000)	60,000,000	(29,000,000)
Interest expense on securitization debt	$ 1,400,000,000	$ 955,000,000	$ 773,000,000

Debt and Commitments - Committe

Debt and Commitments - Committed Credit Facilities (Details) - Operating Segments [Member] $ in Billions	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)
Automotive
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 11.9
Ford Motor Credit Company LLC [Member] | Ford Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	41.4
Line of Credit Facility, Remaining Borrowing Capacity	19.6
Corporate Credit Facility [Member] | Automotive
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity	$ 10.4

Derivative Financial Instrume_3

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities Income Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Length of Time Hedged in Cash Flow Hedge	3 years
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income	$ 32	$ 245	$ 1,561
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from AOCI to Income	50	456	537
Gain/(Loss) Recorded in OCI	288	134	770
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Fair Value Hedging [Member] | Interest rate contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Net interest settlements and accruals excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness	10	217	367
Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedging Instruments	(155)	(268)	(120)
Change in Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedge	153	267	124
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income	398	(662)	257
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income	(244)	103	398
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Interest rate contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income	(84)	58	(9)
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income	(96)	74	7
Cost of Sales [Member] | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income	235	(512)	78
Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Member] | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain/(Loss) Recognized in Income	$ 163	$ (150)	$ 179

Balance Sheet Effect of Derivat

Balance Sheet Effect of Derivative Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	$ 142,760	$ 133,452
Derivative Asset	1,221	1,548
Derivative Liability	913	912
Derivative Asset, Current	681	802
Derivative Liability, Current	601	568
Derivative Asset, Noncurrent	540	746
Derivative Liability, Noncurrent	312	344
Net obligation to return cash collateral	19	15
Derivative, Collateral, Right to Reclaim Cash	59	38
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	15,972	19,595
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	327
Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Fair Value Hedging [Member] | Interest rate contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	22,989	28,008
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	20,695	20,679
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	5,235	4,006
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Interest rate contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	76,904	60,504
Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional	638	660
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	1,221	1,548
Fair Value of Liabilities	913	912
Counterparty netting, Assets	434	618
Counterparty netting, Liabilities	434	618
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	391	407
Fair Value of Liabilities	110	306
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cash Flow Hedging [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	0	0
Fair Value of Liabilities	20	0
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Fair Value Hedging [Member] | Interest rate contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	158	248
Fair Value of Liabilities	208	135
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Foreign currency exchange contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	202	172
Fair Value of Liabilities	99	302
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Cross-currency interest rate swap contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	232	408
Fair Value of Liabilities	157	28
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Interest rate contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	235	276
Fair Value of Liabilities	274	137
Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Not Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value of Assets	3	37
Fair Value of Liabilities	$ 45	$ 4

Redeemable Noncontrolling Int_2

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest, Equity, Carrying Amount	$ 100	$ 98
Ford Sollers Netherlands B.V. [Member]
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Noncontrolling Interest, Ownership Percentage by Noncontrolling Owners	50.00%
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest, Equity, Carrying Amount	$ 100	$ 98

Accumulated Other Comprehensi_3

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (Note 21)	$ (7,366)	$ (6,959)
Pension and other postretirement benefits
Cash Flow Hedge Gain (Loss) to be Reclassified within Twelve Months	213
Parent Company [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) [Line Items]
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) (Note 21)	(7,366)	(6,959)	$ (7,013)
Foreign currency translation
Beginning balance	(4,277)	(4,593)	(3,570)
Gains/(Losses) on foreign currency translation	(435)	38	(494)
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit) (a)	91	(294)	537
Net gains/(losses) on foreign currency translation	(526)	332	(1,031)
(Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (b)	3	(16)	8
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	(523)	316	(1,023)
Ending balance	(4,800)	(4,277)	(4,593)
Marketable securities
Beginning balance	(48)	(14)	(6)
Gains/(Losses) on available for sale securities	(37)	(53)	(13)
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	(8)	(15)	(10)
Net gains/(losses) on available for sale securities	(29)	(38)	(3)
(Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income	20	5	(1)
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	2	1	4
Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income	18	4	(5)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	(11)	(34)	(8)
Ending balance	(59)	(48)	(14)
Derivative instruments
Beginning balance	18	283	64
Gains/(Losses) on derivative instruments	288	134	770
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	65	80	144
Net gains/(losses) on derivative instruments	223	54	626
(Gains)/Losses reclassified from AOCI to net income	(50)	(456)	(537)
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	(10)	(137)	(130)
Net (gains)/losses reclassified from AOCI to net income (c)	(40)	(319)	(407)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	183	(265)	219
Ending balance	201	18	283
Pension and other postretirement benefits
Beginning balance	(2,652)	(2,689)	(2,745)
Prior service (costs)/credits arising during the period	(135)	5	(16)
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	(23)	0	(4)
Net prior service (costs)/credits arising during the period	(112)	5	(12)
Amortization and recognition of prior service costs/(credits) (d)	59	60	66
Less: Tax/(Tax benefit)	13	20	22
Net prior service costs/(credits) reclassified from AOCI to net income	46	40	44
Translation impact on non-U.S. plans	10	(8)	24
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax	(56)	37	56
Ending balance	$ (2,708)	$ (2,652)	$ (2,689)

Variable Interest Entities - VI

Variable Interest Entities - VIEs of Which We Are Not the Primary Beneficiary (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Variable Interest Entity, Not Primary Beneficiary [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Total maximum exposure	$ 237	$ 222

Commitments and Contingencies_3

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum potential payments	$ 1,163	$ 1,397
Carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities	351	408
Loss Contingency [Abstract]
Loss contingency estimate	600
Warranty [Abstract]
Beginning balance	5,296	4,960
Payments made during the period	(4,360)	(3,457)
Changes in accrual related to warranties issued during the period	2,584	2,260
Changes in accrual related to pre-existing warranties	1,758	1,415
Foreign currency translation and other	(141)	118
Ending balance	5,137	$ 5,296
Guarantees to daily rental companies
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum potential payments	995
Carrying value of recorded liabilities related to guarantees and limited indemnities	$ 311

Segment Information (Details)

Segment Information (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2017USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2017USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016USD ($)
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									$ 160,338	$ 156,776	$ 151,800
Number of Operating Segments									3
Income/(loss) before income taxes	$ (17)	$ 1,094	$ 1,349	$ 1,919	$ 1,872	$ 1,770	$ 2,266	$ 2,251	$ 4,345	8,159	6,784
Depreciation and tooling amortization									9,280	9,122	9,023
Interest expense									5,157	4,364	3,702
Investment-related interest income									667	459	291
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									123	1,201	1,780
Cash outflow for capital spending									7,785	7,049	6,992
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	34,140				39,073				34,140	39,073	38,941
Total assets	256,540				258,496				256,540	258,496	238,510
Settlements of derivatives									(358)	(100)	(825)
Operating Segments [Member] | Automotive
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									148,294	145,653	141,546
Income/(loss) before income taxes									5,422	8,084	10,050
Depreciation and tooling amortization									5,368	4,963	4,667
Interest expense									0	0	0
Investment-related interest income									109	93	75
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									95	1,169	1,747
Cash outflow for capital spending									7,677	7,001	6,947
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	22,999				26,499				22,999	26,499	27,467
Total assets	100,105				103,573				100,105	103,573	97,488
Debt	13,547				15,931				13,547	15,931
Operating Segments [Member] | Mobility Segment [Member]
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									26	10	1
Income/(loss) before income taxes									(674)	(299)	(117)
Depreciation and tooling amortization									16	0	0
Interest expense									0	0	0
Investment-related interest income									0	0	0
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									0	0	0
Cash outflow for capital spending									60	3	0
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	86				11				86	11	8
Total assets	558				96				558	96	69
Operating Segments [Member] | Ford Credit
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									12,018	11,113	10,253
Income/(loss) before income taxes									2,627	2,310	1,879
Depreciation and tooling amortization									3,896	4,159	4,356
Interest expense									3,929	3,174	2,751
Investment-related interest income									201	118	76
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									28	32	33
Cash outflow for capital spending									48	45	45
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	11,055				12,563				11,055	12,563	11,466
Total assets	161,678				160,594				161,678	160,594	146,503
Debt	140,066				137,757				140,066	137,757
Special Items (Corporate, Non-Segment) [Member]
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									0	0	0
Income/(loss) before income taxes									(373)	(457)	(498)
Depreciation and tooling amortization									0	0	0
Interest expense									0	0	0
Investment-related interest income									357	248	140
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									0	0	0
Cash outflow for capital spending									0	0	0
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	0				0				0	0	0
Total assets	0				0				0	0	0
Adjustments (Segment Reconciling Items) [Member]
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									0	0	0
Income/(loss) before income taxes									(1,228)	(1,190)	(951)
Depreciation and tooling amortization									0	0	0
Interest expense									1,228	1,190	951
Investment-related interest income									0	0	0
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									0	0	0
Cash outflow for capital spending									0	0	0
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	0				0				0	0	0
Total assets	0				0				0	0	0
Special Items [Member] | Adjustments (Segment Reconciling Items) [Member]
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									0	0	0
Income/(loss) before income taxes									(1,429)	(289)	(3,579)
Depreciation and tooling amortization									0	0	0
Interest expense									0	0	0
Investment-related interest income									0	0	0
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									0	0	0
Cash outflow for capital spending									0	0	0
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	0				0				0	0	0
Total assets	0				0				0	0	0
Adjustments [Domain] | Adjustments (Segment Reconciling Items) [Member]
Segment Information [Line Items]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax									0	0	0
Income/(loss) before income taxes									0	0	0
Depreciation and tooling amortization									0	0	0
Interest expense									0	0	0
Investment-related interest income									0	0	0
Equity in net income/(loss) of affiliated companies									0	0	0
Cash outflow for capital spending									0	0	0
cash, cash equivalents, marketable securities, and restricted cash	0				0				0	0	0
Total assets	$ (5,801)				$ (5,767)				$ (5,801)	$ (5,767)	$ (5,550)

Segment Information Geographic

Segment Information Geographic Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 41,793	$ 37,666	$ 38,920	$ 41,959	$ 41,326	$ 36,451	$ 39,853	$ 39,146	$ 160,338	$ 156,776	$ 151,800
Long-Lived Assets	65,297				63,562				65,297	63,562	60,901
United States
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues									97,546	93,844	93,433
Long-Lived Assets	44,940				42,504				44,940	42,504	42,946
United Kingdom
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues									9,703	9,619	10,041
Long-Lived Assets	1,650				1,691				1,650	1,691	1,302
Canada
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues									10,541	10,580	10,028
Long-Lived Assets	4,604				4,771				4,604	4,771	4,264
Germany
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues									7,894	7,265	7,322
Long-Lived Assets	3,593				3,182				3,593	3,182	2,254
Other Geographical [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Total revenues									34,654	35,468	30,976
Long-Lived Assets	$ 10,510				$ 11,414				$ 10,510	$ 11,414	$ 10,135

Selected Quarterly Financial _3

Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Selected Quarterly Financial Data [Line Items]
Total revenues	$ 41,793	$ 37,666	$ 38,920	$ 41,959	$ 41,326	$ 36,451	$ 39,853	$ 39,146	$ 160,338	$ 156,776	$ 151,800
Income before income taxes	(17)	1,094	1,349	1,919	1,872	1,770	2,266	2,251	4,345	8,159	6,784
Net Income (Loss) Available to Common Stockholders, Basic	$ (116)	$ 991	$ 1,066	$ 1,736	$ 2,520	$ 1,572	$ 2,047	$ 1,592	3,677	7,731	4,589
Basic Common and Class B per share income from continuing operations	$ (0.03)	$ 0.25	$ 0.27	$ 0.44	$ 0.63	$ 0.40	$ 0.51	$ 0.40
Diluted Common and Class B per share income from continuing operations	$ (0.03)	$ 0.25	$ 0.27	$ 0.43	$ 0.63	$ 0.39	$ 0.51	$ 0.40
Material unusual or infrequently occurring items: [Abstract]
Current Federal Tax Expense (Benefit) related to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act									(123)
U.S. Tax Legislation on Foreign Currency Gains Losses On Non-U.S. Branch Operations [Member]
Material unusual or infrequently occurring items: [Abstract]
Deferred income tax expense/(benefit) and income tax credits											300
Other Pension Benefit Plan Asset Member [Member]
Material unusual or infrequently occurring items: [Abstract]
Remeasurement Gain/(Loss)	$ 877
UNITED STATES | Pension Plan [Member]
Material unusual or infrequently occurring items: [Abstract]
Remeasurement Gain/(Loss)									(1,294)	538	(900)
Defined Benefit Plan, Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit), Gain (Loss) Due to Settlement and Curtailment					$ 354				15	354	0
UNITED STATES
Selected Quarterly Financial Data [Line Items]
Total revenues									97,546	93,844	93,433
Income before income taxes									2,051	4,861	5,254
Material unusual or infrequently occurring items: [Abstract]
Current Federal Tax Expense (Benefit) related to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act					520
Non-US [Member]
Selected Quarterly Financial Data [Line Items]
Income before income taxes									$ 2,294	$ 3,298	$ 1,530
Material unusual or infrequently occurring items: [Abstract]
Current Income Tax Expense (Benefit)					$ 484

Subsequent Event (Details)

Subsequent Event (Details) - Subsequent Event [Member] - Facility Closing [Member] $ in Millions	Feb. 15, 2019USD ($)
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Restructuring and Related Cost, Expected Cost	$ 460
Employee Severance [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Restructuring and Related Cost, Expected Cost	360
Accelerated Depreciation [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Restructuring and Related Cost, Expected Cost	$ 100

Schedule of Valuation and Qua_3

Schedule of Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 2,818	$ 2,054	$ 2,867
Charged to costs and expenses	140	1,244	758
Deductions	848	480	1,571
Balance at end of period	2,110	2,818	2,054
Credit losses [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	679	567	437
Charged to costs and expenses	524	595	551
Deductions	533	483	421
Balance at end of period	670	679	567
Doubtful receivables [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	404	377	372
Charged to costs and expenses	5	24	24
Deductions	315	(3)	19
Balance at end of period	94	404	377
Inventories (primarily service part obsolescence) [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	243	201	227
Charged to costs and expenses	130	42	(26)
Deductions	0	0	0
Balance at end of period	373	243	201
Deferred tax assets [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	1,492	909	1,831
Charged to costs and expenses	(519)	583	209
Deductions	0	0	1,131
Balance at end of period	973	1,492	909
Valuation Allowance Of Deferred Tax Assets Recognized In Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Loss [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Charged to costs and expenses	(101)	127	26
Valuation Allowance of Deferred Tax Assets Recognized in Income Statement [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Charged to costs and expenses	(418)	$ 456	$ 183
South America [Member]
SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]
Valuation Allowance, Deferred Tax Asset, Increase (Decrease)	$ (1,100)