Derivative Instruments, Hedging, and Trading Activities |
8. Derivative Instruments, Hedging, and Trading Activities
The Corporation utilizes derivative instruments for both non-trading and trading activities. In non-trading activities, the Corporation uses futures, forwards, options and swaps individually or in combination, to mitigate its exposure to fluctuations in prices of crude oil, natural gas, refined products and electricity, and changes in foreign currency exchange rates. In trading activities, the Corporation, principally through a consolidated partnership (in which the Corporation has a 50% voting interest), trades energy commodities and energy derivatives, including futures, forwards, options and swaps, based on expectations of future market conditions. The following information includes 100% of the trading partnerships accounts.
The Corporation maintains a control environment under the direction of its chief risk officer and through its corporate risk policy, which the Corporations senior management has approved. Controls include volumetric, term and value-at-risk limits. Risk limits are monitored daily and exceptions are reported to business units and to senior management. The Corporations risk management department also performs independent verifications of sources of fair values and validations of valuation models. These controls apply to all of the Corporations non-trading and trading activities, including the consolidated trading partnership.
The table below shows the total volume of the Corporations trading and non-trading derivative instruments outstanding at June30, 2009:
Volume*
Commodity Contracts
Crude oil, refined products, and natural gas liquids (millions of barrels) 2,149
Natural gas (millions of mcf) 9,282
Electricity (millions of megawatt hours) 191
Other Contracts
Foreign exchange (millions of U.S. dollars) 2,116
* Gross notional amounts represent both long and short positions, including long and short positions that offset in a closed position that has not reached contractual maturity. Gross notional amounts do not quantify risk or represent assets or liabilities of the Corporation, but are used in the calculation of cash settlements under the contracts.
The Corporation records all derivative instruments on the balance sheet at fair value (see Note 9, Fair Value Measurements). The table below reflects the gross and net fair values of the Corporations derivative instruments as of June30, 2009 (in millions):
Accounts Accounts
Receivable Payable
Derivative contracts designated as hedging instruments
Commodity $ 1,118 $ (1,940 )
Derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments*
Commodity 11,881 (13,106 )
Foreign exchange 78 (39 )
Other 12 (13 )
Total derivative contracts not designated as hedging instruments 11,971 (13,158 )
Gross fair value of derivative contracts 13,089 (15,098 )
Master netting arrangements (11,270 ) 11,270
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