Loans and Leases and the Allowance for Credit Losses | Note 4. Loans and Leases and the Allowance for Credit Losses Loans and Leases The Company’s loan and lease portfolio was comprised of the following as of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019: December 31, (dollars in thousands) 2020 2019 Commercial Commercial and Industrial $ 1,875,293 $ 1,379,152 Commercial Mortgage 2,854,829 2,518,051 Construction 259,798 194,170 Lease Financing 110,766 122,454 Total Commercial 5,100,686 4,213,827 Consumer Residential Mortgage 4,130,513 3,891,100 Home Equity 1,604,538 1,676,073 Automobile 708,800 720,286 Other 1 395,483 489,606 Total Consumer 6,839,334 6,777,065 Total Loans and Leases $ 11,940,020 $ 10,990,892 1 Comprised of other revolving credit, installment, and lease financing. Total loans and leases were reported net of unearned fee of $4.1 million and income of $1.3 million as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Commercial loans and residential mortgage loans of $805.4 million and $1.0 billion were pledged to secure an undrawn FRB line of credit as of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019. As of December 31, 2020, residential mortgage loans of $3.0 billion and home equity loans of $596.0 million, were pledged under a blanket pledge arrangement to secure FHLB advances. As of December 31, 2019, $3.1 billion, were pledged under a blanket pledge arrangement to secure FHLB advances. See Note 10 Other Debt Net gains related to sales of residential mortgage loans, recorded as a component of mortgage banking income, were $15.4 million, $5.3 million, and $1.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively. Net gains on sales of commercial loans were not material for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018. Substantially all of the Company’s lending activity is with customers located in Hawaii. A substantial portion of the Company’s real estate loans are secured by real estate in Hawaii. The Company elected to exclude AIR from the amortized cost basis of loans disclosed throughout this footnote. As of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019, accrued interest receivable for loans totaled $35.9 million and $30.7 million, respectively, and is included in the “accrued interest receivable” line item on the Company’s consolidated statements of condition. As previously mentioned in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies , the CARES Act established the PPP, administered directly by the SBA. The PPP provides loans of up to $ 10 million to small businesses who were affected by economic conditions as a result of COVID-19 to provide cash-flow assistance to employers who maintain their payroll (including healthcare and certain related expenses), mortgage interest, rent, leases, utilities and interest on existing debt during the COVID-19 pandemic . PPP loans carry an interest rate of one percent, and a maturity of two or five years. These loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA and may be eligible for forgiveness by the SBA to the extent that the proceeds are used to cover eligible payroll costs, interest costs, rent, and utility costs over a period of up to 24 weeks after the loan is made as long as certain conditions are met regarding employee retention and compensation levels. PPP loans deemed eligible for forgiveness by the SBA will be repaid by the SBA to the Company. The SBA pays the Company fees for processing PPP loans in the following amounts: (1) five percent for loans of not more than $ 350,000 ; (2) three percent for loans of more than $ 350,000 and less than $ 2,000,000 ; and (3) one percent for loans of at least $ 2,000,000 . These processing fees are accounted for as loan origination fees and recognized over the contractual loan term as a yield adjustment on the loans. PPP loans are included in the Commercial and Industrial loan class. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had PPP loans outstanding, with an outstanding principal balance of $ million. Allowance for Credit Losses (the “Allowance”) As previously mentioned in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” The following presents by portfolio segment, the activity in the Allowance for the years ended December 31, 2020, December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018. (dollars in thousands) Commercial Consumer Total For the Year Ended December 31, 2020 Allowance for Credit Losses: Balance at Beginning of Period (December 31, 2019) $ 73,801 $ 36,226 $ 110,027 CECL Adoption (Day 1) Impact (18,789 ) 17,052 (1,737 ) Balance at Beginning of Period (January 1, 2020) 55,012 53,278 108,290 Loans and Leases Charged-Off (1,697 ) (19,341 ) (21,038 ) Recoveries on Loans and Leases Previously Charged-Off 2,328 11,572 13,900 Net Loans and Leases Recovered (Charged-Off) 631 (7,769 ) (7,138 ) Provision for Credit Losses 29,204 85,896 115,100 Balance at End of Period $ 84,847 $ 131,405 $ 216,252 For the Year Ended December 31, 2019 Allowance for Credit Losses: Balance at Beginning of Period $ 66,874 $ 39,819 $ 106,693 Loans and Leases Charged-Off (2,738 ) (21,217 ) (23,955 ) Recoveries on Loans and Leases Previously Charged-Off 1,513 9,776 11,289 Net Loans and Leases Recovered (Charged-Off) (1,225 ) (11,441 ) (12,666 ) Provision for Credit Losses 8,152 7,848 16,000 Balance at End of Period $ 73,801 $ 36,226 $ 110,027 For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 Allowance for Credit Losses: Balance at Beginning of Period $ 65,822 $ 41,524 $ 107,346 Loans and Leases Charged-Off (1,505 ) (23,059 ) (24,564 ) Recoveries on Loans and Leases Previously Charged-Off 2,039 8,447 10,486 Net Loans and Leases Recovered (Charged-Off) 534 (14,612 ) (14,078 ) Provision for Credit Losses 518 12,907 13,425 Balance at End of Period $ 66,874 $ 39,819 $ 106,693 Credit Quality Indicators The Company uses several credit quality indicators to manage credit risk in an ongoing manner. The Company uses an internal credit risk rating system that categorizes loans and leases into pass, special mention, or classified categories. Credit risk ratings are applied individually to those classes of loans and leases that have significant or unique credit characteristics that benefit from a case-by-case evaluation. These are typically loans and leases to businesses or individuals in the classes which comprise the commercial portfolio segment. Groups of loans and leases that are underwritten and structured using standardized criteria and characteristics, such as statistical models (e.g., credit scoring or payment performance), are typically risk-rated and monitored collectively. These are typically loans and leases to individuals in the classes which comprise the consumer portfolio segment. The following are the definitions of the Company’s credit quality indicators: Pass: Loans and leases in all classes within the commercial and consumer portfolio segments that are not adversely rated, are contractually current as to principal and interest, and are otherwise in compliance with the contractual terms of the loan or lease agreement. Management believes that there is a low likelihood of loss related to those loans and leases that are considered Pass. Special Mention: Loans and leases in all classes within the commercial portfolio segment that have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If not addressed, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease. Management believes that there is a moderate likelihood of some loss related to those loans and leases that are considered Special Mention. The Special Mention credit quality indicator is not used for the consumer portfolio segment. Classified: Loans and leases in the classes within the commercial portfolio segment that are inadequately protected by the sound worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Classified loans and leases are also those in the classes within the consumer portfolio segment that are past due 90 days or more as to principal or interest. Residential mortgage loans that are past due 90 days or more as to principal or interest may be considered Pass if the current loan-to-value ratio is 60% or less. Home equity loans that are past due 90 days or more as to principal or interest may be considered Pass if the first mortgage is with the Company and the current combined loan-to-value ratio is 60% or less. Residential mortgage and home equity loans may be current as to principal and interest, but may be considered Classified for a period of generally up to six months following a loan modification. Following a period of demonstrated performance in accordance with the modified contractual terms, the loan may be removed from Classified status. Management believes that there is a distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies related to Classified loans and leases are not corrected in a timely manner. For P ass rated credits, risk ratings are certified at a minimum annually. For S pecial M ention or C lassified C redits, risk ratings are reviewed for appropriateness on an ongoing basis, monthly, or at a minimum, quarterly. The following presents by credit quality indicator, loan class, and year of origination, the amortized cost basis of the Company’s loans and leases as of December 31, 2020 . Term Loans by Origination Year (dollars in thousands) 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans Total Loans and Leases December 31, 2020 Commercial Commercial and Industrial Pass $ 944,463 $ 149,024 $ 149,468 $ 49,385 $ 52,354 $ 68,269 $ 342,339 $ 847 $ 1,756,149 Special Mention 11,702 42 - - 110 95 32,319 52 44,320 Classified 32,208 1,734 2,266 777 19 19,166 18,529 125 74,824 Total Commercial and Industrial $ 988,373 $ 150,800 $ 151,734 $ 50,162 $ 52,483 $ 87,530 $ 393,187 $ 1,024 $ 1,875,293 Commercial Mortgage Pass $ 847,676 $ 458,472 $ 350,363 $ 245,157 $ 267,860 $ 425,157 $ 76,869 $ - $ 2,671,554 Special Mention 66,523 28,418 291 7,117 8,665 5,035 - - 116,049 Classified 49,640 655 2,783 274 4,742 9,132 - - 67,226 Total Commercial Mortgage $ 963,839 $ 487,545 $ 353,437 $ 252,548 $ 281,267 $ 439,324 $ 76,869 $ - $ 2,854,829 Construction Pass $ 106,508 $ 105,731 $ 11,275 $ 8,133 $ - $ - $ 28,151 $ - $ 259,798 Total Construction $ 106,508 $ 105,731 $ 11,275 $ 8,133 $ - $ - $ 28,151 $ - $ 259,798 Lease Financing Pass $ 19,906 $ 20,132 $ 13,785 $ 4,202 $ 9,657 $ 41,755 $ - $ - $ 109,437 Classified 33 67 1,092 42 95 - - - 1,329 Total Lease Financing $ 19,939 $ 20,199 $ 14,877 $ 4,244 $ 9,752 $ 41,755 $ - $ - $ 110,766 Total Commercial $ 2,078,659 $ 764,275 $ 531,323 $ 315,087 $ 343,502 $ 568,609 $ 498,207 $ 1,024 $ 5,100,686 Consumer Residential Mortgage Pass $ 1,300,831 $ 576,452 $ 295,522 $ 454,165 $ 545,798 $ 954,120 $ - $ - $ 4,126,888 Classified - 294 - 1,032 - 2,299 - - 3,625 Total Residential Mortgage $ 1,300,831 $ 576,746 $ 295,522 $ 455,197 $ 545,798 $ 956,419 $ - $ - $ 4,130,513 Home Equity Pass $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 4,449 $ 1,556,671 $ 37,559 $ 1,598,679 Classified - - - - - 88 4,693 1,078 5,859 Total Home Equity $ - $ - $ - $ - $ - $ 4,537 $ 1,561,364 $ 38,637 $ 1,604,538 Automobile Pass $ 219,218 $ 213,914 $ 158,216 $ 68,776 $ 33,899 $ 13,850 $ - $ - $ 707,873 Classified 101 245 171 113 161 136 - - 927 Total Automobile $ 219,319 $ 214,159 $ 158,387 $ 68,889 $ 34,060 $ 13,986 $ - $ - $ 708,800 Other 1 Pass $ 71,042 $ 145,549 $ 92,993 $ 39,770 $ 9,225 $ 2,189 $ 32,070 $ 1,485 $ 394,323 Classified 51 419 375 167 42 21 85 - 1,160 Total Other $ 71,093 $ 145,968 $ 93,368 $ 39,937 $ 9,267 $ 2,210 $ 32,155 $ 1,485 $ 395,483 Total Consumer $ 1,591,243 $ 936,873 $ 547,277 $ 564,023 $ 589,125 $ 977,152 $ 1,593,519 $ 40,122 $ 6,839,334 Total Loans and Leases $ 3,669,902 $ 1,701,148 $ 1,078,600 $ 879,110 $ 932,627 $ 1,545,761 $ 2,091,726 $ 41,146 $ 11,940,020 1 Comprised of other revolving credit, installment, and lease financing. For the year ended December 31, 2020, $2.9 million revolving loans were converted to term loans. The following presents by loan class and credit quality indicator, the recorded investment in the Company’s loans and leases as of December 31, 2019. December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Commercial and Industrial Commercial Mortgage Construction Lease Financing Total Commercial Pass $ 1,306,040 $ 2,463,858 $ 188,832 $ 120,933 $ 4,079,663 Special Mention 37,722 16,453 4,148 — 58,323 Classified 35,390 37,740 1,190 1,521 75,841 Total $ 1,379,152 $ 2,518,051 $ 194,170 $ 122,454 $ 4,213,827 (dollars in thousands) Residential Mortgage Home Equity Automobile Other 1 Total Consumer Pass $ 3,886,389 $ 1,671,468 $ 719,337 $ 488,113 $ 6,765,307 Classified 4,711 4,605 949 1,493 11,758 Total $ 3,891,100 $ 1,676,073 $ 720,286 $ 489,606 $ 6,777,065 Total Recorded Investment in Loans and Leases $ 10,990,892 1 Comprised of other revolving credit, installment, and lease financing. Aging Analysis Loans and leases are considered to be past due once becoming 30 days delinquent. For the consumer portfolio, this generally represents two missed monthly payments. The following presents by class, an aging analysis of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio as of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019. (dollars in thousands) 30 - 59 Days Past Due 60 - 89 Days Past Due Past Due 90 Days or More Non- Accrual Total Past Due and Non- Accrual Current Total Loans and Leases Non- Accrual Loans and Leases that are Current 2 As of December 31, 2020 Commercial Commercial and Industrial $ 191 $ 59 $ — $ 441 $ 691 $ 1,874,602 $ 1,875,293 $ 285 Commercial Mortgage — — — 8,527 8,527 2,846,302 2,854,829 4,983 Construction — — — — — 259,798 259,798 — Lease Financing — — — — — 110,766 110,766 — Total Commercial 191 59 — 8,968 9,218 5,091,468 5,100,686 5,268 Consumer Residential Mortgage 4,049 2,083 5,274 3,223 14,629 4,115,884 4,130,513 2,100 Home Equity 3,423 3,378 3,187 3,958 13,946 1,590,592 1,604,538 987 Automobile 6,358 2,215 925 — 9,498 699,302 708,800 — Other 1 2,556 1,612 1,160 — 5,328 390,155 395,483 — Total Consumer 16,386 9,288 10,546 7,181 43,401 6,795,933 6,839,334 3,087 Total $ 16,577 $ 9,347 $ 10,546 $ 16,149 $ 52,619 $ 11,887,401 $ 11,940,020 $ 8,355 As of December 31, 2019 Commercial Commercial and Industrial $ 12,534 $ 148 $ — $ 830 $ 13,512 $ 1,365,640 $ 1,379,152 $ 421 Commercial Mortgage 2,998 — — 9,244 12,242 2,505,809 2,518,051 9,244 Construction 101 51 — — 152 194,018 194,170 — Lease Financing 720 — — — 720 121,734 122,454 — Total Commercial 16,353 199 — 10,074 26,626 4,187,201 4,213,827 9,665 Consumer Residential Mortgage 6,097 2,070 1,839 4,125 14,131 3,876,969 3,891,100 1,429 Home Equity 3,949 2,280 4,125 3,181 13,535 1,662,538 1,676,073 412 Automobile 16,067 4,154 949 — 21,170 699,116 720,286 — Other 1 3,498 2,074 1,493 — 7,065 482,541 489,606 — Total Consumer 29,611 10,578 8,406 7,306 55,901 6,721,164 6,777,065 1,841 Total $ 45,964 $ 10,777 $ 8,406 $ 17,380 $ 82,527 $ 10,908,365 $ 10,990,892 $ 11,506 1 Comprised of other revolving credit, installment, and lease financing. 2 Represents non-accrual loans that are not past due 30 days or more; however, full payment of principal and interest is still not expected. Non-Accrual Loans and Leases The following presents the non-accrual loans and leases as of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019. December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Non-accrual loans with a related ACL Non-accrual loans without a related ACL Total Non-accrual loans Total Non-accrual loans Impaired Loans with No Related Allowance Recorded: Commercial Commercial and Industrial $ 441 $ — $ 441 $ 830 Commercial Mortgage 8,527 — 8,527 9,244 Total Commercial 8,968 — 8,968 10,074 Consumer Residential Mortgage 3,096 127 3,223 4,125 Home Equity 3,958 — 3,958 3,181 Total Consumer 7,054 127 7,181 7,306 Total $ 16,022 $ 127 $ 16,149 $ 17,380 All payments received while on non-accrual status are applied against the principal balance of the loan or lease. The Company does not recognize interest income while loans or leases are on non-accrual status. Modifications A modification of a loan constitutes a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) when the Company for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. Loans modified in a TDR were $72.5 million and $69.1 million as of December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019, respectively. As of December 31, 2020, there were $0.5 million commitments to lend additional funds on loans modified in a TDR. As of December 31, 2019, there were $0.3 million commitments to lend additional funds on loans modified in a TDR. The Company offers various types of concessions when modifying a loan or lease. Commercial and industrial loans modified in a TDR often involve temporary interest-only payments, term extensions, and converting revolving credit lines to term loans. Additional collateral, a co-borrower, or a guarantor is often requested. Commercial mortgage and construction loans modified in a TDR often involve reducing the interest rate for the remaining term of the loan, extending the maturity date at an interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk, or substituting or adding a co-borrower or guarantor. Construction loans modified in a TDR may also involve extending the interest-only payment period. Residential mortgage loans modified in a TDR generally include a lower interest rate and the loan being fully amortized for up to 40 years from the modification effective date. In some cases, the Company may forbear a portion of the unpaid principal balance with a balloon payment due upon maturity or pay-off of the loan. Land loans are also included in the class of residential mortgage loans. Land loans are typically structured as interest-only monthly payments with a balloon payment due at maturity. Land loan modifications usually involve extending the interest-only payments up to an additional five years with a balloon payment due at maturity, or re-amortizing the remaining balance over a period up to 360 months. Interest rates are not changed for land loan modifications. Home equity modifications are made infrequently and uniquely designed to meet the specific needs of each borrower. Automobile loans modified in a TDR are primarily comprised of loans where the Company has lowered monthly payments by extending the term. Loans modified in a TDR are typically already on non-accrual status and partial charge-offs have in some cases already been taken against the outstanding loan balance. As a result, loans modified in a TDR may have the financial effect of increasing the specific Allowance associated with the loan. An Allowance for impaired commercial and consumer loans that have been modified in a TDR is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s observable market price, or the estimated fair value of the collateral, less any selling costs, if the loan is collateral dependent. Management exercises significant judgment in developing these estimates. The following presents by class, information related to loans modified in a TDR during the years ended December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019. Loans Modified as a TDR for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 Loans Modified as a TDR for the Year Ended December 31, 2019 Troubled Debt Restructurings (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment (as of period end) 1 Increase in Allowance (as of period end) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment (as of period end) 1 Increase in Allowance (as of period end) Commercial Commercial and Industrial 5 $ 203 $ 5 8 $ 17,585 $ 2,465 Commercial Mortgage 1 1,046 60 1 3,623 — Total Commercial 6 1,249 65 9 21,208 2,465 Consumer Residential Mortgage — — — 1 57 — Home Equity 10 1,246 8 4 368 9 Automobile 352 7,541 112 332 5,911 73 Other 2 180 1,850 77 95 572 17 Total Consumer 542 10,637 197 432 6,908 99 Total 548 $ 11,886 $ 262 441 $ 28,116 $ 2,564 1 The period end balances reflect all partial paydowns and charge-offs since the modification date. TDRs fully paid off, charged off, or foreclosed upon by period end are not included. 2 Comprised of other revolving credit and installment financing. The following presents by class, loans modified in a TDR that defaulted during the year ended December 31, 2020, and December 31, 2019, and within twelve months of their modification date. A TDR is considered to be in default once it becomes 60 days or more past due following a modification. Year Ended December 31, 2020 Year Ended December 31, 2019 TDRs that Defaulted During the Period, Within Twelve Months of their Modification Date (dollars in thousands) Number of Contracts Recorded Investment (as of period end) 1 Number of Contracts Recorded Investment (as of period end) 1 Commercial Commercial and Industrial 1 $ 27 — $ — Total Commercial 1 27 — — Consumer Residential Mortgage — — 1 132 Home Equity — — 1 192 Automobile 43 723 40 607 Other 2 10 81 22 129 Total Consumer 53 804 64 1,060 Total 54 $ 831 64 $ 1,060 1 The period end balances reflect all paydowns and charge-offs since the modification date. TDRs fully paid off, charged off, or foreclosed upon by period end are not included. 2 Comprised of other revolving credit and installment financing. Loans modified in a TDR are closely monitored for delinquency as an early indicator of possible future default. If loans modified in a TDR subsequently default, the Company evaluates the loan for possible further impairment. The specific Allowance associated with the loan may be increased, adjustments may be made in the allocation of the Allowance, or partial charge-offs may be taken to further write-down the carrying value of the loan. Modifications in response to COVID-19 The Company began offering short-term loan modifications to assist borrowers during the COVID-19 pandemic. These modifications generally involve principal and/or interest payment deferrals for up to six months. As the COVID-19 pandemic persists in negatively impacting the economy, the Company continues to offer additional loan modifications to borrowers struggling as a result of COVID-19. Similar to the initial modifications granted, the additional round of loan modifications generally involve principal and/or interest payment deferrals for up to an additional six months for commercial and consumer loans, and principal-only deferrals for up to an additional 12 months for selected commercial loans. The Company generally continues to accrue and recognize interest income during the forbearance period. The Company offers several repayment options such as immediate repayment, repayment over a designated time period or as a balloon payment at maturity, or by extending the loan term. These modifications generally do not involve forgiveness or interest rate reductions. The CARES Act, along with a joint agency statement issued by banking agencies, provide that modifications made in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who qualify are not required to be accounted for as a TDR. Accordingly, the Company does not account for such qualifying as TDRs. See Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies The Company, as lessor, also granted short-term lease concessions on some of its sales-type finance leases for equipment and automobiles. The concessions primarily consists of six-month extension programs whereby lease payments currently due are deferred and shifted to the end of the lease term. Interest income continues to accrue during the deferral period. Additional round of lease concessions were not material. See Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information. As of December 31, 2020, these COVID-19 related loan and lease modifications totaled $311.6 million (210 loans and leases) for the commercial segment and $178.1 million (1,920 loans and leases) for the consumer segment. Foreclosure Proceedings Consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure totaled $1.0 million as of December 31, 2020. |