Segment Information | SEGMENT INFORMATION Our organizational structure is designed to ensure continued focus on North America, coupled with an emphasis on profitable growth in our focus international markets. Our business is organized around geographic regions, which enables us to build processes for repeatable success in our global markets. As a result, we have defined our operating segments on a geographic basis, as this aligns with how our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) manages our business, including resource allocation and performance assessment. Our North America business, which generates approximately 89% of our consolidated revenue, is our only reportable segment. None of our other operating segments meet the quantitative thresholds to qualify as reportable segments; therefore, these operating segments are combined and disclosed below as International and Other. • North America - This segment is responsible for our traditional chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery market position, as well as our grocery and growing snacks market positions, in the United States and Canada. This includes developing and growing our business in chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery, pantry, food service and other snacking product lines. • International and Other - International and Other is a combination of all other operating segments that are not individually material, including those geographic regions where we operate outside of North America. We currently have operations and manufacture product in China, Mexico, Brazil, India and Malaysia, primarily for consumers in these regions, and also distribute and sell confectionery products in export markets of Asia, Latin America, Middle East, Europe, Africa and other regions. This segment also includes our global retail operations, including Hershey's Chocolate World stores in Hershey, Pennsylvania, New York City, Las Vegas, Niagara Falls (Ontario) and Singapore, as well as operations associated with licensing the use of certain of the Company's trademarks and products to third parties around the world. For segment reporting purposes, we use “segment income” to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. Segment income excludes unallocated general corporate administrative expenses, unallocated mark-to-market gains and losses on commodity derivatives, business realignment and impairment charges, acquisition-related costs and other unusual gains or losses that are not part of our measurement of segment performance. These items of our operating income are managed centrally at the corporate level and are excluded from the measure of segment income reviewed by the CODM as well the measure of segment performance used for incentive compensation purposes. As discussed in Note 5, derivatives used to manage commodity price risk are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. These derivatives are recognized at fair market value with the resulting realized and unrealized (gains) losses recognized in unallocated derivative (gains) losses outside of the reporting segment results until the related inventory is sold, at which time the related gains and losses are reallocated to segment income. This enables us to align the derivative gains and losses with the underlying economic exposure being hedged and thereby eliminate the mark-to-market volatility within our reported segment income. Certain manufacturing, warehousing, distribution and other activities supporting our global operations are integrated to maximize efficiency and productivity. As a result, assets and capital expenditures are not managed on a segment basis and are not included in the information reported to the CODM for the purpose of evaluating performance or allocating resources. We disclose depreciation and amortization that is generated by segment-specific assets, since these amounts are included within the measure of segment income reported to the CODM. Our segment net sales and earnings were as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 29, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 29, 2019 September 30, 2018 Net sales: North America $ 1,894,033 $ 1,843,511 $ 5,269,031 $ 5,155,151 International and Other 240,389 236,082 649,096 648,016 Total $ 2,134,422 $ 2,079,593 $ 5,918,127 $ 5,803,167 Segment income: North America $ 570,388 $ 556,060 $ 1,606,047 $ 1,534,345 International and Other 39,444 31,072 81,631 65,379 Total segment income 609,832 587,132 1,687,678 1,599,724 Unallocated corporate expense (1) 132,828 116,474 370,211 361,447 Unallocated mark-to-market losses (gains) on commodity derivatives 12,138 47,617 (13,447 ) (69,464 ) Long-lived asset impairment charges (see Note 6) — 1,649 4,741 28,817 Costs associated with business realignment activities (see Note 9) 1,606 11,423 8,468 42,670 Acquisition-related costs 2,445 3,706 7,951 36,413 Gain on sale of licensing rights — — — (2,658 ) Operating profit 460,815 406,263 1,309,754 1,202,499 Interest expense, net 35,456 36,916 106,690 101,207 Other (income) expense, net 17,999 12,493 36,601 35,201 Income before income taxes $ 407,360 $ 356,854 $ 1,166,463 $ 1,066,091 (1) Includes centrally-managed (a) corporate functional costs relating to legal, treasury, finance, and human resources, (b) expenses associated with the oversight and administration of our global operations, including warehousing, distribution and manufacturing, information systems and global shared services, (c) non-cash stock-based compensation expense, and (d) other gains or losses that are not integral to segment performance. Activity within the unallocated mark-to-market losses (gains) on commodity derivatives is as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 29, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 29, 2019 September 30, 2018 Net losses (gains) on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in income $ 9,043 $ 71,088 $ (19,847 ) $ 4,315 Net gains (losses) on commodity derivative positions reclassified from unallocated to segment income 3,095 (23,471 ) 6,400 (73,779 ) Net losses (gains) on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in unallocated derivative (gains) losses $ 12,138 $ 47,617 $ (13,447 ) $ (69,464 ) As of September 29, 2019 , the cumulative amount of mark-to-market gains on commodity derivatives that have been recognized in our consolidated cost of sales and not yet allocated to reportable segments was $53,765 . Based on our forecasts of the timing of the recognition of the underlying hedged items, we expect to reclassify net pretax gains on commodity derivatives of $25,283 to segment operating results in the next twelve months. Depreciation and amortization expense included within segment income presented above is as follows: Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended September 29, 2019 September 30, 2018 September 29, 2019 September 30, 2018 North America $ 56,895 $ 52,066 $ 165,977 $ 152,237 International and Other 7,202 7,260 21,866 28,090 Corporate (1) 10,398 15,481 30,998 45,476 Total $ 74,495 $ 74,807 $ 218,841 $ 225,803 (1) |