Business segments | 2. Business segments The company operates its business in Canada. The Upstream, Downstream and Chemical functions best define the operating segments of the business that are reported separately. The factors used to identify these reportable segments are based on the nature of the operations that are undertaken by each segment and the structure of the company’s internal organization. The Upstream segment is organized and operates to explore for and ultimately produce crude oil and its equivalent, and natural gas. The Downstream segment is organized and operates to refine crude oil into petroleum products and to distribute and market these products. The Chemical segment is organized and operates to manufacture and market hydrocarbon-based chemicals and chemical products. The above segmentation has been the long-standing practice of the company and is broadly understood across the petroleum and petrochemical industries. These functions have been defined as the operating segments of the company because they are the segments (a) that engage in business activities from which revenues are earned and expenses are incurred; (b) whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the company’s chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to each segment and assess its performance; and (c) for which discrete financial information is available. Corporate and Other includes assets and liabilities that do not specifically relate to business segments – primarily cash, capitalized interest costs, short-term borrowings, long-term debt and liabilities associated with incentive compensation and post-retirement benefits liability adjustment. Net earnings effects in this segment primarily include debt-related financing costs, interest income and share-based incentive compensation expenses. Segment accounting policies are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. Upstream, Downstream and Chemical expenses include amounts allocated from the Corporate and Other segment. The allocation is based on proportional segment expenses. Transfers of assets between segments are recorded at book amounts. Intersegment sales are made essentially at prevailing market prices. Assets and liabilities that are not identifiable by segment are allocated. Upstream Downstream Chemical millions of Canadian dollars 2016 2015 2014 2016 2015 2014 2016 2015 2014 Revenues and other income Operating revenues (a) 5,492 5,776 8,408 18,511 19,796 26,400 1,046 1,184 1,423 Intersegment sales 2,215 2,486 4,087 1,007 1,019 1,359 212 234 381 Investment and other income (note 8) 13 22 667 2,278 104 65 - - - 7,720 8,284 13,162 21,796 20,919 27,824 1,258 1,418 1,804 Expenses Exploration (note 15) 94 73 67 - - - - - - Purchases of crude oil and products 3,666 3,768 5,628 14,178 14,526 21,476 705 725 1,196 Production and manufacturing 3,591 3,766 3,882 1,428 1,461 1,564 205 207 216 Selling and general (5 ) (2 ) 3 972 986 887 83 87 70 Federal excise tax - - - 1,650 1,568 1,562 - - - Depreciation and depletion 1,396 1,193 857 206 233 216 10 11 12 Financing costs (note 12) (7 ) 5 4 - - - - - - Total expenses 8,735 8,803 10,441 18,434 18,774 25,705 1,003 1,030 1,494 Income (loss) before income taxes (1,015 ) (519 ) 2,721 3,362 2,145 2,119 255 388 310 Income taxes Current (491 ) (77 ) (219 ) 674 476 296 68 97 76 Deferred 137 262 881 (66 ) 83 229 - 4 5 Total income tax expense (354 ) 185 662 608 559 525 68 101 81 Net income (loss) (661 ) (704 ) 2,059 2,754 1,586 1,594 187 287 229 Cash flows from (used in) operating activities 402 224 2,519 1,574 1,686 1,666 203 383 250 Capital and exploration expenditures 896 3,135 4,974 190 340 572 26 52 26 Property, plant and equipment Cost 45,850 45,171 42,142 6,166 7,596 7,460 872 857 798 Accumulated depreciation and depletion (12,312 ) (11,016 ) (10,103 ) (4,037 ) (4,584 ) (4,459 ) (629 ) (616 ) (601 ) Net property, plant and equipment 33,538 34,155 32,039 2,129 3,012 3,001 243 241 197 Total assets 36,840 36,971 34,421 3,958 5,574 5,823 346 394 372 Corporate and Other Eliminations Consolidated millions of Canadian dollars 2016 2015 2014 2016 2015 2014 2016 2015 2014 Revenues and other income Operating revenues (a) - - - - - - 25,049 26,756 36,231 Intersegment sales - - - (3,434 ) (3,739 ) (5,827 ) - - - Investment and other income (note 8) 14 6 3 - - - 2,305 132 735 14 6 3 (3,434 ) (3,739 ) (5,827 ) 27,354 26,888 36,966 Expenses Exploration (note 15) - - - - - - 94 73 67 Purchases of crude oil and products - - - (3,429 ) (3,735 ) (5,821 ) 15,120 15,284 22,479 Production and manufacturing - - - - - - 5,224 5,434 5,662 Selling and general 84 50 121 (5 ) (4 ) (6 ) 1,129 1,117 1,075 Federal excise tax - - - - - - 1,650 1,568 1,562 Depreciation and depletion 16 13 11 - - - 1,628 1,450 1,096 Financing costs (note 12) 72 34 - - - - 65 39 4 Total expenses 172 97 132 (3,434 ) (3,739 ) (5,827 ) 24,910 24,965 31,945 Income (loss) before income taxes (158 ) (91 ) (129 ) - - - 2,444 1,923 5,021 Income taxes Current (51 ) (45 ) (47 ) - - - 200 451 106 Deferred 8 1 15 - - - 79 350 1,130 Total income tax expense (43 ) (44 ) (32 ) - - - 279 801 1,236 Net income (loss) (115 ) (47 ) (97 ) - - - 2,165 1,122 3,785 Cash flows from (used in) operating activities (143 ) (124 ) (30 ) (21 ) (2 ) - 2,015 2,167 4,405 Capital and exploration expenditures 49 68 82 - - - 1,161 3,595 5,654 Property, plant and equipment Cost 627 579 511 - - - 53,515 54,203 50,911 Accumulated depreciation and depletion (204 ) (188 ) (174 ) - - - (17,182 ) (16,404 ) (15,337 ) Net property, plant and equipment 423 391 337 - - - 36,333 37,799 35,574 Total assets 894 579 565 (384 ) (348 ) (351 ) 41,654 43,170 40,830 (a) Includes export sales to the United States of $3,612 million (2015 - $4,157 million, 2014 - $5,940 million). Export sales to the United States were recorded in all operating segments, with the largest effects in the Upstream segment. (b) Capital and exploration expenditures (CAPEX) include exploration expenses, additions to property, plant and equipment, additions to capital leases, additional investments and acquisitions. (c) Includes property, plant and equipment under construction of $2,705 million (2015 - $3,719 million). |