Income Taxes | 3. INCOME TAXES The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act 2017") was signed into law on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act 2017, among other things, reduces the statutory U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 34% to 21%, requires companies to pay a one-time transition tax on earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were previously tax deferred, changes rules related to uses and limitations of net operating loss carryforwards created in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, eliminates the corporate alternative minimum tax ("AMT"), and changes how existing AMT credits can be realized, creates the base erosion anti-abuse tax, a new minimum tax, and creates a new limitation on deductible interest expense. With the enactment of the Tax Act 2017, the Company’s financial results for the year ended June 30, 2018 included a re-valuation of the U.S. deferred tax assets and corresponding valuation allowance at the new lower 21% U.S. federal statutory tax rate. There was no impact of the re-valuation to the net income because it was fully offset by the valuation allowance that was recorded against the deferred tax asset. The Company has suffered recurring losses from operations and retained tax accumulated deficit of $395,315 as of June 30, 2018. The Company therefore did not recognize any one-time transition tax. The impact of the Tax Act 2017 on the Company may differ from management's estimates. These estimates will be evaluated when necessary based on future regulations or guidance issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, and on specific actions the Company may take in the future. Income taxes for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 represent state minimum franchise tax of $800. The Company had net operating loss carryovers for federal income tax purposes totaling approximately $129,248 and $98,797, as of the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The ultimate realization of such loss carryovers will be dependent on the Company attaining future taxable earnings. Based on the level of historical operating results and projections of future taxable earnings, management believes that it is more likely than not that the Company will not be able to utilize the benefits of these carryovers. The effective tax rates for the years ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were 21% and 34%, respectively. The reduction of the effective tax rate was primarily due to the reduced federal income tax rate arising from the Tax Act 2017. As of June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company had a full valuation allowance recorded against the deferred tax assets of $27,142 and $33,591, respectively. If not utilized, the carryovers expire beginning in fiscal 2027. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in the state of California. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal and state tax examinations by tax authorities for the years ending June 30, 2012 and earlier. According to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), ownership changes may limit the amount of the NOL carry forwards that can be utilized annually to offset future taxable income and tax, respectively. |