EXHIBIT 21
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION SUBSIDIARIES
Subsidiaries—as of December 31, 2023
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company Name | | State or country of
incorporation or
organization | | Voting
percent
owned
directly or
indirectly by
registrant |
| IBM Argentina Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitada | | Argentina | | 100 | |
| IBM Australia Limited | | Australia | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Australia Limited | | Australia | | 100 | |
| IBM Oesterreich Internationale Bueromaschinen Gesellschaft m.b.H. | | Austria | | 100 | |
| Red Hat Austria GmbH | | Austria | | 100 | |
| IBM Bahamas Limited | | Bahamas | | 100 | |
| IBM Belgium Financial Services Company BV/SRL | | Belgium | | 100 | |
| International Business Machines of Belgium BV/SRL | | Belgium | | 100 | |
| WTC Insurance Corporation, Ltd. | | Bermuda | | 100 | |
| IBM Brasil—Industria, Maquinas e Servicos Limitada | | Brazil | | 100 | |
| Banco IBM S.A. | | Brazil | | 100 | |
| IBM Bulgaria Ltd. | | Bulgaria | | 100 | |
| IBM Canada Limited—IBM Canada Limitee | | Canada | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Canada Corporation | | Canada | | 100 | |
| IBM de Chile S.A.C. | | Chile | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing de Chile SpA | | Chile | | 100 | |
| IBM (China) Investment Company Limited | | China (P.R.C.) | | 100 | |
| IBM (China) Co., Ltd. | | China (P.R.C.) | | 100 | |
| IBM de Colombia S.A.S. | | Colombia | | 100 | |
| IBM Business Transformation Center, S.r.l. | | Costa Rica | | 100 | |
| IBM Croatia Ltd./IBM Hrvatska d.o.o. | | Croatia | | 100 | |
| IBM Ceska Republika spol. s.r.o. | | Czech Republic | | 100 | |
| IBM Danmark ApS | | Denmark | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Danmark ApS | | Denmark | | 100 | |
| Red Hat APS | | Denmark | | 100 | |
| IBM del Ecuador, C.A. | | Ecuador | | 100 | |
| IBM Egypt Business Support Services | | Egypt | | 100 | |
| IBM Eesti Osauhing (IBM Estonia Ou) | | Estonia | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Finland Oy | | Finland | | 100 | |
| Oy IBM Finland AB | | Finland | | 100 | |
| Compagnie IBM France, S.A.S. | | France | | 100 | |
| IBM France Financement, SAS | | France | | 100 | |
| RED HAT FRANCE | | France | | 100 | |
| IBM Deutschland GmbH | | Germany | | 100 | |
| IBM Deutschland Kreditbank GmbH | | Germany | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Deutschland GmbH | | Germany | | 100 | |
| Red Hat GmbH | | Germany | | 100 | |
| IBM Hellas Information Handling Systems S.A. | | Greece | | 100 | |
| IBM China/Hong Kong Limited | | Hong Kong | | 100 | |
| IBM Magyarorszagi Kft. | | Hungary | | 100 | |
| IBM India Private Limited | | India | | 100 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company Name | | State or country of
incorporation or
organization | | Voting
percent
owned
directly or
indirectly by
registrant |
| PT IBM Indonesia | | Indonesia | | 100 | |
| IBM Ireland Limited | | Ireland | | 100 | |
| IBM Ireland Product Distribution Limited | | Ireland | | 100 | |
| RED HAT LIMITED | | Ireland | | 100 | |
| IBM Israel Ltd. | | Israel | | 100 | |
| IBM Capital Italia S.r.l. | | Italy | | 100 | |
| IBM Italia Servizi Finanziari S.r.l. | | Italy | | 100 | |
| IBM Italia S.p.A. | | Italy | | 100 | |
| IBM Japan Credit LLC | | Japan | | 100 | |
| IBM Japan, Ltd. | | Japan | | 100 | |
| IBM East Africa Limited | | Kenya | | 100 | |
| IBM Korea, Inc. | | Korea (South) | | 100 | |
| IBM Kuwait SPC | | Kuwait | | 100 | |
| "IBM Latvija" SIA | | Latvia | | 100 | |
| UAB “IBM Lietuva” | | Lithuania | | 100 | |
| IBM Luxembourg Sarl | | Luxembourg | | 100 | |
| IBM CAPITAL MALAYSIA SDN. BHD. | | Malaysia | | 100 | |
| IBM Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. | | Malaysia | | 100 | |
| IBM Malta Limited | | Malta | | 100 | |
| International Business Machines (Mauritius) Limited | | Mauritius | | 100 | |
| IBM de Mexico, Comercializacion y Servicios S. de R.L. de C.V. | | Mexico | | 100 | |
| IBM Maroc | | Morocco | | 100 | |
| IBM International Group B.V. | | Netherlands | | 100 | |
| IBM Nederland B.V. | | Netherlands | | 100 | |
| IBM New Zealand Limited | | New Zealand | | 100 | |
| RED HAT NEW ZEALAND LIMITED | | New Zealand | | 100 | |
| International Business Machines West Africa Limited | | Nigeria | | 100 | |
| IBM Finans Norge AS | | Norway | | 100 | |
| International Business Machines AS | | Norway | | 100 | |
| IBM Capital Peru S.A.C. | | Peru | | 100 | |
| IBM del Peru, S.A.C. | | Peru | | 100 | |
| IBM Philippines, Incorporated | | Philippines | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Polska Sp. z.o.o. | | Poland | | 100 | |
| IBM Polska Sp. z.o.o. | | Poland | | 100 | |
| Companhia IBM Portuguesa, S.A. | | Portugal | | 100 | |
| IBM Qatar LLC | | Qatar | | 100 | |
| IBM Romania Srl | | Romania | | 100 | |
| IBM Middle East and North Africa RHQ LLC | | Saudi Arabia | | 100 | |
| IBM—International Business Machines d.o.o., Belgrade | | Serbia | | 100 | |
| IBM International Capital Pte. Ltd. | | Singapore | | 100 | |
| IBM Singapore Pte. Ltd. | | Singapore | | 100 | |
| RED HAT ASIA PACIFIC PTE. LTD. | | Singapore | | 100 | |
| IBM Slovensko spol s.r.o. | | Slovak Republic | | 100 | |
| IBM Slovenija d.o.o. | | Slovenia | | 100 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Company Name | | State or country of
incorporation or
organization | | Voting
percent
owned
directly or
indirectly by
registrant |
| IBM Global Financing South Africa (Pty) Ltd | | South Africa | | 100 | |
| IBM South Africa (Pty) Ltd. | | South Africa | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing España, S.L.U. | | Spain | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Services España, S.A. | | Spain | | 100 | |
| International Business Machines, S.A. | | Spain | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Sweden AB | | Sweden | | 100 | |
| IBM Svenska Aktiebolag | | Sweden | | 100 | |
| IBM Global Financing Schweiz GmbH | | Switzerland | | 100 | |
| IBM Schweiz AG—IBM Suisse SA—IBM Svizzera SA—IBM Switzerland Ltd | | Switzerland | | 100 | |
| IBM Taiwan Corporation | | Taiwan | | 100 | |
| IBM Tanzania Limited | | Tanzania | | 100 | |
| IBM Capital (Thailand) Company Limited | | Thailand | | 100 | |
| IBM Thailand Company Limited | | Thailand | | 100 | |
| IBM Tunisie | | Tunisia | | 100 | |
| IBM (International Business Machines) Turk Limited Sirketi | | Türkiye | | 100 | |
| IBM Ukraine | | Ukraine | | 100 | |
| IBM Middle East FZ—LLC | | United Arab Emirates | | 100 | |
| IBM United Kingdom Limited | | United Kingdom | | 100 | |
| IBM United Kingdom Asset Leasing Limited | | United Kingdom | | 100 | |
| IBM United Kingdom Financial Services Limited | | United Kingdom | | 100 | |
| IBM del Uruguay, S.A. | | Uruguay | | 100 | |
| IBM Credit LLC | | USA (Delaware) | | 100 | |
| IBM International Group Capital LLC | | USA (Delaware) | | 100 | |
| IBM International Foundation | | USA (Delaware) | | 100 | |
| IBM World Trade Corporation | | USA (Delaware) | | 100 | |
| Red Hat, Inc. | | USA (Delaware) | | 100 | |
| Softlayer Technologies, Inc. | | USA (Delaware) | | 100 | |
| IBM de Venezuela, S.C.A. | | Venezuela | | 100 | |
| IBM Vietnam Company Limited | | Vietnam | | 100 | |
