Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans | Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Company-Only Sponsored Plans We sponsor various defined benefit pension and other post retirement plans covering employees of certain U.S. and international subsidiaries. The pension plans provide pension benefits that are based on the employee’s compensation and years of service. Our funding policy varies by country and plan according to applicable local funding requirements and plan-specific funding agreements. The accounting for pension and other post-retirement benefit plans requires the use of assumptions and estimates in order to calculate periodic benefit cost and the value of the plans’ assets and benefit obligations. These assumptions include discount rates, investment returns, and projected salary increases, among others. The discount rates used in valuing the plans' benefit obligations were determined with reference to high quality corporate and government bonds that are appropriately matched to the duration of each plan's obligations. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is generally based on using country-specific simulation models which select a single outcome for expected return based on the target asset allocation. The expected long-term rates of return used in the valuation are the annual average returns generated by these assumptions over a 20-year period for each asset class based on the expected long-term rate of return of the underlying assets. The following table sets forth the changes in the plans’ combined net benefit obligation (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 Net benefit obligation at the beginning of the year $ 404,820 $ 437,920 $ 2,375,640 $ 2,388,077 Service cost 236 456 6,480 6,568 Interest cost 10,350 10,221 42,328 38,907 Participants’ contributions — — 249 212 Actuarial gains (1) (85,067) (11,808) (651,798) (140,670) Benefits paid (25,565) (25,582) (74,378) (74,477) Curtailments/settlements/plan amendments (5,271) (6,387) (2,641) (13,932) Acquisition of PA Consulting Plans, net of post-deal transfers (2) — — — 66,065 Effect of exchange rate changes and other, net — — (330,414) 104,890 Net benefit obligation at the end of the year $ 299,503 $ 404,820 $ 1,365,466 $ 2,375,640 (1) Actuarial gains primarily driven by change in discount rates. (2) See note below change in assets table. The following table sets forth the changes in the combined Fair Value of the plans’ assets (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year $ 385,521 $ 382,250 $ 2,203,495 $ 2,043,356 Actual (loss) return on plan assets (68,585) 35,152 (557,972) 60,040 Employer contributions 93 88 33,032 39,085 Participants’ contributions — — 249 212 Gross benefits paid (25,565) (25,582) (74,378) (74,477) Curtailments/settlements/plan amendments (5,271) (6,387) (2,641) (13,932) Acquisition of PA Consulting Plans, net of post-deal transfers — — — 60,160 Effect of exchange rate changes and other, net — — (304,160) 89,051 Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year $ 286,193 $ 385,521 $ 1,297,625 $ 2,203,495 On March 2, 2021, the Company made a strategic investment in PA Consulting, and as a result acquired a gross pension plan obligation of $1.025 billion and pension assets of $1.018 billion. In the third quarter of fiscal 2021, PA Consulting transferred the majority of the assets and liabilities of its largest pension plan to an insurance company, approximately $960 million each, effectively settling those related assets and liabilities for no impact to net income. Also during fiscal 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred combined curtailment and settlement losses on our defined benefit plans of approxima tely $0.1 million and $2.8 million, respectively, prima rily related to the Ireland, US and UK plans. The following table reconciles the combined funded statuses of the plans recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 Net benefit obligation at the end of the year $ 299,503 $ 404,820 $ 1,365,466 $ 2,375,640 Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year 286,193 385,521 1,297,625 2,203,495 Underfunded amount recognized at the end of the year $ 13,310 $ 19,299 $ 67,841 $ 172,145 The following table presents the accumulated benefit obligation at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 Accumulated benefit obligation at the end of the year $ 299,347 $ 404,283 $ 1,355,717 $ 2,305,808 The following table presents the amounts recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 Prepaid benefit cost included in noncurrent assets $ — $ — $ 54,897 $ 48,340 Accrued benefit cost included in current liabilities 83 84 4,359 3,873 Accrued benefit cost included in noncurrent liabilities 13,227 19,215 118,379 216,612 Net amount recognized at the end of the year $ 13,310 $ 19,299 $ 67,841 $ 172,145 The following table presents the significant actuarial assumptions used in determining the funded statuses and the following year's benefit cost of the Company’s U.S. plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020: For the Years Ended September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 October 2, 2020 Discount rates 4.2% to 5.5% 2.3% to 2.8% 2.0% to 2.7% Rates of compensation increases 3.5% 3.5% 3.5% Expected long-term rates of return on assets 5.5% to 6.4% 4.7% to 5.1% 4.6% to 4.7% The following table presents the significant actuarial assumptions used in determining the funded statuses and the following year's benefit cost of the Company’s non-U.S. plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020: For the Years Ended September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 October 2, 2020 Discount rates 2.4% to 7.4% 0.6% to 6.6% 0.4% to 6.6% Rates of compensation increases 2.5% to 9.0% 2.4% to 7.5% 2.7% to 7.5% Expected long-term rates of return on assets 3.3% to 7.5% 2.0% to 7.0% 1.8% to 7.0% The following table presents certain amounts relating to our U.S. plans recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss at September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands): September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 October 2, 2020 Arising during the period: Net actuarial loss (gain) $ 578 $ (25,109) $ (900) Prior service cost — — 1,589 Total 578 (25,109) 689 Reclassification adjustments: Net actuarial losses (2,157) (3,204) (2,653) Prior service (benefit) (324) (325) (244) Total (2,481) (3,529) (2,897) Total $ (1,903) $ (28,638) $ (2,208) The following table presents certain amounts relating to our non-U.S. plans recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss at September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands): September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 October 2, 2020 Arising during the period: Net actuarial (gain) loss $ (78,705) $ (65,547) $ 71,676 Prior service cost — — — Total (78,705) (65,547) 71,676 Reclassification adjustments: Net actuarial losses (5,492) (8,761) (6,322) Prior service (benefit) (1,066) (1,219) (1,169) Total (6,558) (9,980) (7,491) Total $ (85,263) $ (75,527) $ 64,185 The following table presents certain amounts relating to our plans recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss that have not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between U.S. and non-U.S. plans) (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 Net actuarial loss $ 37,638 $ 39,217 $ 248,716 $ 328,397 Prior service cost 697 1,021 20,344 25,926 Total $ 38,335 $ 40,238 $ 269,060 $ 354,323 The following table presents the amount of accumulated comprehensive income that will be amortized against earnings as part of our net periodic benefit cost in fiscal 2023 based on 2022 exchange rates (segregated between U.S. and non-U.S. plans) (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Unrecognized net actuarial (gain) or loss $ (1,770) $ 5,310 Unrecognized prior service cost 431 1,246 Accumulated comprehensive (gain) or loss to be recorded against earnings $ (1,339) $ 6,556 We consider various factors in developing the estimates for the expected, long-term rates of return on plan assets. These factors include the projected, long-term rates of returns on the various types of assets in which the plans invest, as well as historical returns. In general, investment allocations are determined by each plan’s trustees and/or investment committees. The objectives of the plans’ investment policies are to (i) maximize returns while preserving capital; (ii) provide returns sufficient to meet the current and long-term obligations of the plan as the obligations become due; and (iii) maintain a diversified portfolio of assets so as to reduce the risk associated with having a disproportionate amount of the plans’ total assets invested in any one type of asset, issuer or geography. None of our pension plans hold Jacobs common stock directly (although some plans may hold shares indirectly through investments in mutual funds). The plans’ weighted average asset allocations at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (the measurement dates used in valuing the plans’ assets and liabilities) were as follows: U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 Equity securities 2 % 3 % 15 % 15 % Debt securities 66 % 58 % 49 % 54 % Real estate investments — % — % 11 % 9 % Other 32 % 39 % 25 % 22 % The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s Domestic U.S. plan assets at September 30, 2022, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands): September 30, 2022 Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investments measured at Net Asset Value Total Equities $ 6,708 $ — $ — $ — $ 6,708 Domestic bonds 64,396 106,961 — — 171,357 Overseas bonds — 15,200 — — 15,200 Cash and equivalents 19,025 — — — 19,025 Mutual funds 73,903 — — — 73,903 Total $ 164,032 $ 122,161 $ — $ — $ 286,193 The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s non-U.S. plan assets at September 30, 2022, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands): September 30, 2022 Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investments measured at Net Asset Value Total Domestic equities $ — $ 42,655 $ — $ 1,539 $ 44,194 Overseas equities — 74,056 — 76,813 150,869 Domestic bonds — 38,448 — — 38,448 Overseas bonds — 532,697 — 64,897 597,594 Cash and equivalents 9,667 1,835 — — 11,502 Real estate — 4,076 102,868 36,959 143,903 Insurance contracts — — 80,231 80,231 Hedge funds — — 138,603 11,568 150,171 Mutual funds — 80,713 — — 80,713 Total $ 9,667 $ 774,480 $ 321,702 $ 191,776 $ 1,297,625 The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s U.S. plan assets at October 1, 2021, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands): October 1, 2021 Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investments measured at Net Asset Value Total Equities $ 12,331 $ — $ — $ — $ 12,331 Domestic bonds 74,456 132,138 — — 206,594 Overseas bonds — 15,730 — — 15,730 Cash and equivalents 22,634 — — — 22,634 Mutual funds 128,232 — — — 128,232 Total $ 237,653 $ 147,868 $ — $ — $ 385,521 The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s non-U.S. plan assets at October 1, 2021, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands): October 1, 2021 Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Investments measured at Net Asset Value Total Domestic equities $ — $ 86,117 $ — $ 2,662 $ 88,779 Overseas equities — 142,243 — 101,071 243,314 Domestic bonds — 48,119 — — 48,119 Overseas bonds — 1,049,585 — 56,616 1,106,201 Cash and equivalents 27,579 1,322 — — 28,901 Real estate — 17,319 116,936 53,434 187,689 Insurance contracts — — 133,802 — 133,802 Hedge funds — — 231,319 16,020 247,339 Mutual funds — 119,351 — — 119,351 Total $ 27,579 $ 1,464,056 $ 482,057 $ 229,803 $ 2,203,495 The following table summarizes the changes in the Fair Value of the Company’s non-U.S. Pension Plans’ Level 3 assets for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands): Real Estate Insurance Contracts Hedge Funds Balance at Balance at October 2, 2020 $ 105,422 $ 67,709 $ 171,730 Purchases, sales, and settlements 6,288 2,413 51,513 Realized and unrealized gains 398 1,448 864 Acquisition of PA Consulting Plans, net of post-deal transfers — 60,160 — Effect of exchange rate changes 4,828 2,072 7,212 Balance at October 1, 2021 $ 116,936 $ 133,802 $ 231,319 Purchases, sales, and settlements (8,686) (6,312) (11,553) Realized and unrealized losses 14,701 (24,770) (42,964) Effect of exchange rate changes (20,083) (22,489) (38,199) Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 102,868 $ 80,231 $ 138,603 The following table presents the amount of cash contributions we anticipate making into the plans during fiscal 2023 (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Plans Anticipated cash contributions $ — $ 26,651 The following table presents the total benefit payments expected to be paid to plan participants during each of the next five fiscal years, and in total for the five years thereafter (in thousands): U.S. Plans Non-U.S. Pans 2023 $ 30,869 $ 62,922 2024 28,884 67,058 2025 28,088 68,129 2026 27,377 72,069 2027 26,139 78,254 For the periods 2028 through 2032 115,872 351,748 The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s U.S. plans recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands): September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 October 2, 2020 Service cost $ 236 $ 456 $ 409 Interest cost 10,350 10,221 12,673 Expected return on plan assets (16,933) (15,932) (17,670) Actuarial loss 2,861 4,249 3,518 Prior service cost 430 431 323 Net pension cost, before special items $ (3,056) $ (575) $ (747) Curtailment expense/Settlement (gain) loss (206) (64) 3,436 Total net periodic pension (income) cost recognized $ (3,262) $ (639) $ 2,689 The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s Non-U.S. plans recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands): September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 October 2, 2020 Service cost $ 6,480 $ 6,568 $ 5,710 Interest cost 42,328 38,907 39,469 Expected return on plan assets (71,875) (90,346) (93,407) Actuarial loss 7,147 10,834 7,578 Prior service cost 1,421 1,519 1,405 Net pension cost, before special items $ (14,499) $ (32,518) $ (39,245) Curtailment expense/Settlement loss 329 2,847 1,341 Total net periodic pension (income) cost recognized $ (14,170) $ (29,671) $ (37,904) The service cost component of net periodic pension income is presented in direct cost of contracts and selling, general and administrative expenses while all other components are presented in miscellaneous income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years presented above. Multiemployer Plans In the U.S. and various other countries, we contribute to trusteed pension plans covering hourly and certain salaried employees under industry-wide agreements. Contributions are based on the hours worked by employees covered under these agreements and are charged to direct costs of contracts on a current basis. With respect to these multiemployer plans, the Company's liability to fund these plans is generally limited to the contributions we are required to make under collective bargaining agreements. Based on our review of our multiemployer pension plans under the guidance provided in ASU 2011-09— Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Multiemployer Plans , we have concluded that none of the multiemployer pension plans into which we contribute are individually significant to our Consolidated Financial Statements. The following table presents the Company’s contributions to these multiemployer plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands): September 30, 2022 October 1, 2021 October 2, 2020 Europe $ 1,548 $ 1,713 $ 1,922 United States 11,038 11,316 6,637 Contributions to multiemployer pension plans $ 12,586 $ 13,029 $ 8,559 |