excluding, for this purpose, any such individual whose initial assumption of office occurs as a result of an actual or threatened election contest with respect to the election or removal of directors or other actual or threatened solicitation of proxies or consents by or on behalf of a person other than the board of directors; (iii) consummation of a reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange, or consolidation or similar transaction involving the corporation, a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the corporation (including by sale, reorganization, merger, statutory share exchange, or consolidation or similar transaction involving the shares of all or substantially all of the corporation’s subsidiaries), or the acquisition of assets or securities of another entity by the corporation or any of its subsidiaries (each, a “Business Combination”), in each case, unless, following such Business Combination, (a) all or substantially all of the individuals and entities that were the beneficial owners of the Outstanding Common Stock and the Outstanding Voting Securities immediately prior to such Business Combination beneficially own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) and the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body), as the case may be, of the entity resulting from such Business Combination (including, without limitation, an entity that, as a result of such transaction, owns the corporation or all or substantially all of the corporation’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries) in substantially the same proportions as their ownership immediately prior to such Business Combination, and (b) no person (excluding any entity resulting from such Business Combination or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) of the corporation or such entity resulting from such Business Combination) beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of, respectively, the then-outstanding shares of common stock (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent securities) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination or the combined voting power of the then-outstanding voting securities of such entity, except to the extent that such ownership existed prior to the Business Combination, and (c) at least a majority of the members of the board of directors (or, for a non-corporate entity, equivalent governing body) of the entity resulting from such Business Combination were members of the Incumbent Board at the time of the execution of the initial agreement and at the time of the action of the board of directors providing for such Business Combination; or (iv) approval by the stockholders of the corporation of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the corporation.
(3) “Disinterested Director” means, with respect to any Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by an Indemnitee under this Article VII, a director of the corporation who is not and was not (i) a party to such Proceeding, (ii) a party to any claim for damages, or to any declaratory, equitable, or other substantive remedy, or to any other issue or matter in such Proceeding or Proceeding therein or related thereto, and (iii) during the last ten (10) years an Affiliate of such Indemnitee.
(4) “Expenses” include all attorneys’ fees, expert fees, witness fees, bonds, prospective and retrospective insurance premiums or costs, litigation, appeal and court costs, including, without limitation, retainers, transcript costs, and travel expenses, and all other disbursements and expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, or otherwise participating in, a Proceeding, including any interest payable thereon. Should any payments by the corporation to or for the account of any Indemnitee under this Article VII be determined to
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