Net interest income of $51.3 million for the third quarter of 2008, decreased by $2.2 million, or 4.2%, from the third quarter of 2007, while net interest income for the first nine months of 2008 decreased by $6.5 million, or 4.0%, to $155.1 million from the comparable prior year period. The decrease in net interest income for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 was primarily the result of interest reversals related to loans being placed on non-accrual status ($0.4 million and $4.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008, respectively) and a decrease in average loan yields as certain variable rate loans repriced downward in connection with the Federal Reserve’s actions to decrease interest rates. Net interest income was positively impacted by a decrease in interest expense as average rates on interest-bearing liabilities have decreased also as a result of the Federal Reserve’s actions.
Interest Income
Taxable-equivalent interest income of $75.2 million for the third quarter of 2008, decreased by $13.9 million, or 15.6%, from the third quarter of 2007, while taxable-equivalent interest income of $234.5 million for the first nine months of 2008, decreased by $30.1 million, or 11.4%, from the comparable prior year period. The current quarter decrease in taxable-equivalent interest income was attributable to the aforementioned decrease in average loan yields, which declined to 6.19% for the third quarter of 2008 from 7.73% in the comparable prior year period.The decrease in average loan yields, including the effects of the previously mentioned interest reversals of $0.4 million on certain nonaccrual loans, contributed to approximately $15.5 million of the current quarter decrease in taxable-equivalent interest income. Partially offsetting this decrease was the $109.1 million, or 2.7%, increase in average loans and leases (net of write-downs, charge offs and transfers to held for sale) in the third quarter of 2008 over the comparable prior year period. This increase in loans and leases resulted in a $2.1 million increase in taxable-equivalent interest income for the third quarter of 2008 when compared to the comparable prior year period. The increase in average loans and leases for the current quarter was primarily driven by an increase in residential mortgage originations as Central Pacific HomeLoans, our residential mortgage subsidiary, was able to capitalize on the establishment of strategic alliances with real estate brokers and developers to provide additional origination opportunities in Hawaii.
The year-to-date decrease in taxable-equivalent interest income was attributable to the aforementioned reversal of $4.0 million of interest income on certain nonaccrual loans during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and also the decrease in average loan yields. The decrease in the average loan yields, including the effects of the reversal of interest mentioned above, contributed to approximately $44.4 million of the year-to-date decrease in taxable-equivalent interest income from the comparable prior year period, while the volume increase in average loan balances resulted in an increase in taxable-equivalent interest income of $15.9 million over the comparable prior year period.
Interest Expense
Interest expense of $23.9 million for the third quarter of 2008, decreased by $11.7 million, or 32.8%, from the comparable quarter one year ago, while interest expense of $79.4 million for the first nine months of 2008, decreased by $23.6 million, or 22.9%, from the comparable prior year period. The decrease in interest expense for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 was primarily attributable to the decrease in average rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities.
The weighted average rates paid on interest bearing deposits decreased by 116 basis points (“bp”) during the current quarter when compared to the third quarter of 2007. This decrease contributed to approximately $9.6 million of the reduction in interest expense during the current quarter when compared to the third quarter of 2007. The 170 bp decrease in average rates paid on long-term debt resulted in a reduction in interest expense of approximately $3.5 million for the same period. Offsetting these decreases was the increase in average short-term borrowings, which rose by $240.6 million during the current quarter from the third quarter of 2007. This increase resulted in an increase in taxable-equivalent interest expense of $3.2 million when compared to the third quarter of 2007. Short-term borrowings at September 30, 2008, consisted primarily of Federal Home Loan Bank advances of $275.0 million, which carried a weighted average interest rate of 2.4%. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the maximum amount of Federal Home Loan Bank advances was $472.0 million in May 2008.
For the first nine months of 2008, the 91 bp decrease in the weighted average rates paid on all interest bearing deposits contributed to $22.3 million of the year-to-date reduction in interest expense from the comparable prior year period, while the 147 bp decrease in average rates paid on long term debt contributed to $8.8 million of the year-to-date reduction. Increases in average short-term borrowings of $260.1 million and average long-term debt of $102.2 million during the first nine months of 2008 resulted in an increase in interest expense of $10.7 million and $4.0 million, respectively, for the first nine months of 2008 when compared to the first nine months of 2007.
Net Interest Margin
Our net interest margin was 4.07% for the third quarter of 2008 compared to 4.29% for the third quarter of 2007, while our net interest margin for the first nine months of fiscal 2008 was 4.01% compared to 4.39% for the comparable prior year period. The compression in our net interest margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 was primarily attributable to the previously mentioned interest reversals of $0.4 million and $4.0 million, during the respective periods. Additionally, average yields earned on interest earning assets have declined faster during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 than the average rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities as the rate of downward repricing of interest-bearing liabilities has been tempered by the continued strong competition for deposits in the Hawaii market. Our increased reliance on short-term borrowings to compensate for net decreases in our deposit balances further contributed to the compression in our net interest margin when compared to the previous fiscal periods.
Nonperforming Assets, Accruing Loans Delinquent for 90 Days or More, Restructured Loans Still Accruing Interest
The following table sets forth nonperforming assets, accruing loans delinquent for 90 days or more and restructured loans still accruing interest at the dates indicated.
| September 30, | | | December 31, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | |
Nonperforming Assets | | | | | |
Nonaccrual loans (including loans held for sale): | | | | | |
Commercial, financial and agricultural | $ | 1,762 | | | $ | 231 | |
Real estate: | | | | | | | |
Construction | | 108,290 | | | | 61,017 | |
Mortgage-residential | | 5,427 | | | | - | |
Mortgage-commercial | | 5,485 | | | | 293 | |
Total non accrual loans | | 120,964 | | | | 61,541 | |
Other real estate | | 11,590 | | | | - | |
Total nonperforming assets | | 132,554 | | | | 61,541 | |
| | | | | | | |
Accruing loans delinquent for 90 days or more: | | | | | | | |
Commercial, financial and agricultural | | - | | | | 18 | |
Real estate: | | | | | | | |
Mortgage-residential | | 358 | | | | 586 | |
Consumer | | 282 | | | | 299 | |
Total accruing loans delinquent for 90 days or more | | 640 | | | | 903 | |
| | | | | | | |
Restructured loans still accruing interest: | | | | | | | |
Total restructured loans still accruing interest | | - | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets, accruing loans delinquent for 90 | | | | | | | |
days or more and restructured loans still accruing interest | $ | 133,194 | | | $ | 62,444 | |
| | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets as a percentage of loans and leases, | | | | | | | |
loans held for sale and other real estate | | 3.21 | % | | | 1.47 | % |
| | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets and accruing loans delinquent for 90 | | | | | | | |
days or more as a percentage of loans and leases, loans held for sale | | | | | | | |
and other real estate | | 3.23 | % | | | 1.49 | % |
| | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets, accruing loans delinquent for 90 days or more | | | | | | | |
and restructured loans still accruing interest as a percentage of loans | | | | | | | |
and leases, loans held for sale and other real estate | | 3.23 | % | | | 1.49 | % |
Nonperforming assets, which includes nonaccrual loans and leases, nonperforming loans classified as held for sale and foreclosed real estate, totaled $132.6 million at September 30, 2008, compared to $61.5 million at fiscal 2007 year-end and $145.9 million at June 30, 2008. Nonperforming assets at September 30, 2008 were comprised of $107.9 million in nonaccrual loans, $13.1 million in nonperforming loans classified as held for sale and $11.6 million in other real estate.
The increase in nonperforming assets during the first nine months of 2008 was primarily attributable to the troubled California residential construction market, as $194.2 million of California residential construction loans were placed on nonaccrual status during the first nine months of 2008, of which, $13.1 million were classified as held for sale at September 30, 2008. In addition, $51.7 million of California commercial real estate and construction loans, $21.4 million in Hawaii residential construction loans, $5.5 million of Hawaii commercial mortgage loans and $5.1 million of Hawaii residential mortgage loans were also placed on nonaccrual status during the nine months ended September 30, 2008.
Offsetting the increase in nonperforming assets were charge-offs of California residential construction loans totaling $118.6 million and California commercial real estate and construction loans totaling $5.8 million, write-downs of California residential construction loans classified as held for sale of $22.5 million and California other real estate owned of $6.5 million, as well as $48.7 million in California residential construction loan sales during the first nine months of 2008.
The decrease in our nonperforming assets from June 30, 2008 was attributable to the aforementioned sale of assets totaling $44.2 million, a partial charge-off of one California residential construction loan totaling $6.8 million and a full charge-off of one California residential construction loan totaling $0.7 million. Partially offsetting this decrease was the addition of eight California commercial real estate and construction loans to three borrowers totaling $29.0 million, two California residential construction loans to the same borrower totaling $2.1 million, three Hawaii commercial construction loans to two borrowers totaling $5.4 million, and one Hawaii commercial real estate loan totaling $1.4 million.
Included in non-performing assets at September 30, 2008 were three residential mortgage loans, one residential construction loan and one commercial real estate loan to two Hawaii borrowers which were restructured. The principal balance and accrued interest of these restructured loans were $10.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively, and were matured and/or in default at the time of restructure. In exchange for a payoff amount of $10.9 million and additional collateral of $3.1 million, we granted the borrowers a forbearance period until January 31, 2009 and agreed to waive all late fees and attorneys’ fees and costs, as well as accrued interest from August 1, 2008 to the payoff date. We have no commitments to lend additional funds to these borrowers.
Allowance and Provision for Loan and Lease Losses
A discussion of our accounting policy regarding the Allowance and Provision is contained in the Critical Accounting Policies section of this report. The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the Allowance as of the dates and for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended | | | Nine Months Ended | |
| September 30, | | | September 30, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2008 | | | 2007 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Allowance for loan and lease losses: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 86,050 | | | $ | 51,409 | | | $ | 92,049 | | | $ | 52,280 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Provision for loan and lease losses | | 22,900 | | | | 21,200 | | | | 144,972 | | | | 24,800 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Charge-offs: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial, financial and agricultural | | 662 | | | | 14 | | | | 981 | | | | 3,573 | |
Real estate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | 7,500 | | | | - | | | | 134,546 | | | | - | |
Mortgage-residential | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 358 | |
Consumer | | 867 | | | | 821 | | | | 2,550 | | | | 2,582 | |
Leases | | 112 | | | | - | | | | 131 | | | | - | |
Total charge-offs | | 9,141 | | | | 835 | | | | 138,208 | | | | 6,513 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Recoveries: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Commercial, financial and agricultural | | 77 | | | | 260 | | | | 214 | | | | 319 | |
Real estate: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Construction | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 7 | |
Mortgage-residential | | 37 | | | | 15 | | | | 98 | | | | 210 | |
Mortgage-commercial | | 2 | | | | 3 | | | | 8 | | | | 9 | |
Consumer | | 302 | | | | 465 | | | | 1,094 | | | | 1,403 | |
Leases | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | 2 | |
Total recoveries | | 418 | | | | 743 | | | | 1,414 | | | | 1,950 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net charge-offs | | 8,723 | | | | 92 | | | | 136,794 | | | | 4,563 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at end of period | $ | 100,227 | | | $ | 72,517 | | | $ | 100,227 | | | $ | 72,517 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Annualized ratio of net charge-offs to average loans | | 0.84 | % | | | 0.01 | % | | | 4.30 | % | | | 0.15 | % |
Our Allowance at September 30, 2008 totaled $100.2 million, an increase of $8.2 million, or 8.9%, from year-end 2007. When expressed as a percentage of total loans, our Allowance was 2.46% at September 30, 2008 compared to 2.22% at year-end 2007. The increase in our Allowance was a direct result of the $145.0 million Provision recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2008, partially offset by $136.8 million in net loan charge-offs during the period, concentrated primarily on loans with direct exposure to the California residential construction market. Net loan charge-offs for the first nine months of the year included charge-offs for loans transferred to held for sale of $79.5 million. Given the uncertainty in the current economic environment, the increase in our Allowance was deemed appropriate in response to nonaccrual loans (excluding loans held for sale) and reflects the reduced value of the collateral supporting our impaired loans with exposure to the California residential construction market as well as increased credit risk in other parts of our loan portfolio. In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, loans held for sale and other real estate assets are not included in our assessment of the Allowance.
The increase in total nonaccrual and impaired loans, combined with reduced collateral values and increases in our loan loss factors, have contributed to the increased Provision recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. Collateral values are determined based on appraisals received from qualified valuation professionals and are obtained periodically or when indicators that property values may be impaired are present. Risk volatility in our loan portfolio has been increasing, resulting in higher risk rating adjustment activity in recent quarters. Over the past year, rapid risk rating migration has occurred within our mainland residential tract development portfolio and began to spill over into portions of our mainland commercial construction portfolio and a few of our Hawaii residential construction borrowers beginning in the first half of 2008. Recent events within the financial markets, retrenching consumer confidence, rising inflation and slow to negative job growth, have resulted in heightened risk within our various commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolios.
California Residential Construction Market Exposure
As previously noted, our credit risk position worsened during the nine month period ended September 30, 2008 as issues facing California residential real estate developers, including declining home prices, lower absorption rates and increased inventory, continue to adversely impact our mainland loan portfolio resulting in significant write-downs and higher credit costs. Additional information regarding our exposure to this sector follows:
| September 30, | | | June 30, | | | December 31, | |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2008 | | | 2008 | | | 2007 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total exposure - California residential construction market: | | | | | | | | |
Loan portfolio | $ | 76,724 | | | $ | 87,187 | | | $ | 305,230 | |
Loans held for sale | | 13,122 | | | | 53,182 | | | | 5,400 | |
Other real estate | | 5,590 | | | | - | | | | - | |
Total | $ | 95,436 | | | $ | 140,369 | | | $ | 310,630 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Percentage of California residential construction loan portfolio to total loans | | 1.9 | % | | | 2.1 | % | | | 7.4 | % |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Non performing assets - California residential construction market: | | | | | | | | | | | |
Nonaccrual loans | $ | 32,837 | | | $ | 41,200 | | | $ | 52,334 | |
Nonaccrual loans held for sale | | 13,122 | | | | 53,182 | | | | 5,400 | |
Other real estate | | 5,590 | | | | 3,501 | | | | - | |
| $ | 51,549 | | | $ | 97,883 | | | $ | 57,734 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonperforming assets with exposure to the California residential | | | | | | | | | | | |
construction market assets as a percentage of total assets | | 0.9 | % | | | 1.7 | % | | | 1.0 | % |
We engaged the services of seasoned real estate professionals to assist us in assessing and managing our risk exposure to this troubled market. As a result of these efforts and given the uncertainties in the outlook for this market, we initiated loan sale proceedings on several California residential construction loans during the first nine months of 2008 and continue to pursue a variety of options to reduce our credit risk exposure to this market. In July 2008, we completed the bulk sale of certain non-performing assets with a combined carrying value of $44.2 million at June 30, 2008. No gain or loss was recorded on the sale in July as these assets were written down to their sales price during the second quarter of 2008.
Other Operating Income
Total other operating income of $11.7 million for the third quarter of 2008 decreased slightly from the comparable quarter one year ago. During the three months ended September 30, 2008, income from bank-owned life insurance decreased to $0.9 million from $1.9 million in the third quarter of 2007, primarily due to death benefits received in the prior year. Offsetting the decrease in income from bank-owned life insurance was a $0.7 million increase in net gain on sales of residential loans. The increase in net gain on sales of residential loans was reflective of increased residential mortgage originations and sales during the third quarter of 2008 in comparison to the comparable prior year period as our residential mortgage subsidiary, Central Pacific HomeLoans, capitalized on the establishment of strategic alliances with real estate brokers and developers to provide additional origination opportunities.
For the first nine months of 2008, total other operating income of $37.9 million increased by $3.5 million, or 10.1%, over the comparable prior year period. The improvement was primarily due to increases in net gains on sales of residential loans of $2.0 million, miscellaneous operating income of $1.0 million and other service charges and fees of $0.6 million. The increase in miscellaneous operating income was attributable to the mandatory partial redemption of our shares in Visa, Inc. during the first quarter of 2008 resulting in a gain of $0.9 million.
Other Operating Expense
Total other operating expense for the third quarter of 2008 was $37.5 million, up $5.9 million, or 18.7%, from the comparable quarter one year ago. The increase from the year-ago quarter was primarily attributable to increases in salaries and employee benefits expense of $1.3 million, legal and professional services expense of $1.0 million and other miscellaneous expense of $1.9 million. The increase in salaries and employee benefits in the third quarter of 2008 was primarily attributable to the payment of higher commissions resulting from the previously mentioned increase in residential mortgage originations, and the recognition of certain executive retirement and severance compensation accruals. The current quarter increase in legal and professional services expense was related to consultative costs associated with the maintenance of our mainland assets, while the increase in other miscellaneous expense included higher deposit insurance costs.
For the first nine months of 2008, total other operating expense of $229.2 million increased by $135.8 million, or 145.5%, over the comparable prior year period. The increase from the comparable prior year period was primarily attributable to a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $94.3 million, the write-downs of certain loans held for sale totaling $22.5 million, the write-downs of foreclosed property totaling $6.7 million and the recognition of $1.9 million in losses related to the sale of mainland commercial real estate loans. The non-cash goodwill impairment charge was due to the continued deterioration in the California residential construction market and the resultant decline in our market capitalization and asset values with exposure to this sector. The impairment charge had no impact on our cash flows, tangible equity or regulatory capital. Following the impairment charge, all remaining goodwill at September 30, 2008 is attributable to our Hawaii operations. As discussed above, the increase in total other operating expense from the comparable prior year period was also attributable to the $4.0 million increase in salaries and employee benefits due to the payment of higher commissions and the accrual of certain executive retirement and severance compensation, higher legal and professional services expense and higher deposit insurance costs.
Income Taxes
In the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, the Company recognized income tax benefits of $1.1 million and $41.9 million on pre-tax income of $1.9 million and a pre-tax loss of $183.4 million, respectively. In the comparable prior year periods, the Company recorded income tax expenses of $2.7 million and $25.4 million on pre-tax income of $11.8 million and $75.7 million, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 were impacted by the disproportionate recognition of federal and state tax credits and the generation of tax-exempt income. The effective rate for the first nine months of 2008 was also impacted by the recognition of the non-cash goodwill impairment charge, which is not deductible for tax purposes.
The Company earns a tax benefit from tax credits and tax exempt income irrespective of the level of pre-tax income. This results in a favorable impact to the total tax benefit and the effective tax rate especially during periods in which the Company is near break-even or experiencing a pre-tax loss. The effective tax rate for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 (excluding the impact of the non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $94.3 million recognized in the second quarter of 2008) was -57.9% and 47.0%, respectively, which differs from the expected tax rate of approximately 35.0% due to the recognition of the tax benefits from tax credits of $1.8 million and $5.4 million and tax exempt income of $2.4 million and $8.3 million for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively.
Factors that may affect the effective tax rate for the remainder of 2008 include the level of tax-exempt income recognized, the amount of nondeductible expenses incurred and the amount of federal and state tax credits available to offset future taxable income.
Financial Condition
Total assets of $5.5 billion at September 30, 2008, decreased by $176.1 million, or 3.1%, from year-end 2007.
Loans and leases, net of unearned income, of $4.1 billion at September 30, 2008, decreased by $61.4 million from year-end 2007. The decrease was primarily attributable to charge-offs totaling $138.2 million; the reclassification of $92.0 million of California residential construction loans, $60.5 million of Hawaii residential mortgage loans, and $14.8 million of Washington commercial real estate loans from the held to maturity loan portfolio to loans held for sale; and the securitization of $36.5 million of Hawaii residential mortgages, in each case during the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The reclassification of the California residential construction loans to the held for sale portfolio and completed loan sales reflects our continued effort to reduce our exposure to this sector, while the reclassification of the Hawaii residential mortgage loans and Washington commercial real estate loans were done for asset/liability management purposes. After considering the effects of these charge-offs and reclassifications, our Hawaii loan portfolio grew by approximately $147.9 million, primarily driven by increases in construction and residential mortgage loans, while our mainland loan portfolio decreased by $209.3 million. Our Hawaii loan portfolio, while not unaffected by current market conditions, has not experienced the challenging market conditions faced in California and continues to perform within our expected credit parameters.
During 2008, we have experienced fluctuations in the amount of total deposits from quarter to quarter. During the first quarter of 2008, total deposits decreased approximately 5.6% from the balance at December 31, 2007. During the second quarter, total deposits increased approximately 3.7% over the balance at March 31, 2008. During the third quarter total deposits decreased approximately 3.7% over the balance at June 30, 2008. At September 30, 2008 total deposits of $3.8 billion had a net decrease of $225.6 million, or 5.6%, from year-end 2007. Interest-bearing deposits at September 30, 2008 decreased by $157.5 million, or 4.7%, while noninterest-bearing deposits decreased by $68.1 million, or 10.2%, from year-end 2007. The recent decrease in our deposits is consistent with other financial institutions in Hawaii and is partly related to the softening of the local economy. Specifically, the net decrease was primarily attributable to declines in sales volumes within the Hawaii real estate market, which have impacted deposits from our title and escrow customers, a decrease in deposit balances from some of our foreign customers due to concerns about the overall United States economy, customer reaction to the nationwide financial crisis and the resulting uncertainty, and to eroding customer confidence in financial institutions. While we cannot predict when the financial markets will stabilize or when economic conditions will improve, we believe some of the recent changes to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) deposit insurance limits and other government initiatives may help reassure our customers and mitigate concerns affecting all financial institutions during these challenging economic times.
Capital Resources
Shareholders’ equity was $510.1 million at September 30, 2008, compared to $674.4 million at year-end 2007. Book value per share at September 30, 2008 was $17.75, compared to $23.45 at year-end 2007.
On July 30, 2008, the Company’s board of directors declared a third quarter cash dividend of $0.10 per share, a decrease of 60% from the $0.25 per share dividend declared in the third quarter of 2007. For the first nine months of 2008, dividends declared totaled $0.60 per share, a decrease of 17.8% from the $0.73 per share declared in the first nine months of 2007. Our ability to pay dividends with respect to common stock is subject to obtaining approval from the Federal Reserve.
In January 2008, the Company’s board of directors authorized the repurchase and retirement of up to 1,200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “2008 Repurchase Plan”). Under the 2008 Repurchase Plan, repurchases may be made from time to time on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. There were no repurchases of common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2008. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we repurchased and retired a total of 100,000 shares of common stock for approximately $1.8 million under the 2008 Repurchase Plan. Although a total of 1,100,000 shares remained authorized for repurchase under the 2008 Repurchase Plan at September 30, 2008, the Company is not currently making any repurchases.
We have five statutory trusts: CPB Capital Trust I, CPB Capital Trust II, CPB Statutory Trust III, CPB Capital Trust IV and CPB Statutory Trust V, which issued a total of $105.0 million in trust preferred securities. Our obligations with respect to the issuance of the Securities constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the Trust’s obligations with respect to the Securities. Subject to certain exceptions and limitations, we may elect from time to time to defer subordinated debenture interest payments, which could result in a deferral of distribution payments on the related Securities. Our ability to pay dividends on these statutory trusts is subject to approval by the Federal Reserve and there is no assurance that such approval can be obtained. The Federal Reserve has determined that certain cumulative preferred securities having the characteristics of the Securities qualify as minority interest, and are included in Tier 1 capital for bank holding companies.
In January 2004, in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 46(R) (as amended), our statutory trusts were deconsolidated from our financial statements. This resulted in the removal of the trust preferred securities from the long-term debt category of our balance sheets and the addition of our subordinated debentures.
Regulations on capital adequacy guidelines adopted by the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC are as follows. An institution is required to maintain a minimum ratio of qualifying total capital to risk-adjusted assets of 8% and a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-adjusted assets of 4%. In addition to the risk-based guidelines, federal banking regulators require banking organizations to maintain a minimum amount of Tier 1 capital to total assets, referred to as the leverage ratio. For a banking organization to be rated in the highest of the five categories used by regulators to rate banking organizations, the minimum leverage ratio of Tier 1 capital to total assets must be 3%. In addition to these uniform risk-based capital guidelines and leverage ratios that apply across the industry, the regulators have the discretion to set individual minimum capital requirements for specific institutions at rates significantly above the minimum guidelines and ratios.
Management and the Company’s board of directors continue to closely evaluate our capital levels. Given the uncertainty in the economy and capital markets, we will continue to evaluate our capital levels and requirements and consider ways to increase our capital if appropriate, including through further asset reductions or the possibility of raising additional capital independently or by participating in the TARP’s CPP. There can be no assurance that we will be able to independently raise additional capital on terms favorable to us or that we will be selected to participate in the TARP’s CPP.
The following table sets forth the Company’s capital ratios and capital adequacy requirements applicable as of the dates indicated. In addition, FDIC-insured institutions such as our principal banking subsidiary, Central Pacific Bank, must maintain leverage, Tier 1 and total risk-based capital ratios of at least 5%, 6% and 10%, respectively, to be considered “well capitalized” under the prompt corrective action provisions of the FDIC Improvement Act of 1991.
| | | | | | Minimum Required | | | | |
| | | | | | for Capital | | | Minimum Required to | |
| Actual | | | Adequacy Purposes | | | be Well Capitalized | |
(Dollars in thousands) | Amount | | Ratio | | | Amount | | Ratio | | | Amount | | Ratio | |
| | |
Company | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At September 30, 2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Leverage capital | $ | 465,131 | | 8.7 | % | | $ | 214,936 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 268,670 | | 5.0 | % |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | | 465,131 | | 10.1 | | | | 183,707 | | 4.0 | | | | 275,561 | | 6.0 | |
Total risk-based capital | | 523,117 | | 11.4 | | | | 367,413 | | 8.0 | | | | 459,266 | | 10.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Leverage capital | $ | 535,670 | | 9.8 | % | | $ | 218,477 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 273,096 | | 5.0 | % |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | | 535,670 | | 11.5 | | | | 187,049 | | 4.0 | | | | 280,574 | | 6.0 | |
Total risk-based capital | | 594,620 | | 12.7 | | | | 374,098 | | 8.0 | | | | 467,623 | | 10.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Central Pacific Bank | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At September 30, 2008: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Leverage capital | $ | 443,977 | | 8.3 | % | | $ | 215,004 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 268,755 | | 5.0 | % |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | | 443,977 | | 9.7 | | | | 183,236 | | 4.0 | | | | 274,854 | | 6.0 | |
Total risk-based capital | | 501,817 | | 11.0 | | | | 366,472 | | 8.0 | | | | 458,090 | | 10.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
At December 31, 2007: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Leverage capital | $ | 518,923 | | 9.5 | % | | $ | 218,143 | | 4.0 | % | | $ | 272,679 | | 5.0 | % |
Tier 1 risk-based capital | | 518,923 | | 11.1 | | | | 186,743 | | 4.0 | | | | 280,115 | | 6.0 | |
Total risk-based capital | | 577,779 | | 12.4 | | | | 373,487 | | 8.0 | | | | 466,859 | | 10.0 | |
Although our capital ratios at September 30, 2008 were lower than 2007 year-end, they have improved from the second quarter of 2008.
Liquidity
Our objective in managing liquidity is to maintain a balance between sources and uses of funds in order to economically meet the cash requirements of customers for loans and deposit withdrawals and participate in lending and investment opportunities as they arise. We monitor our liquidity position in relation to changes in loan and deposit balances on a daily basis to assure maximum utilization, maintenance of an adequate level of readily marketable assets and access to short-term funding sources.
Core deposits have historically provided us with a sizeable source of relatively stable and low cost of funds. In addition to core deposit funding, we also access a variety of other short-term and long-term funding sources, which include proceeds from maturities of our investment securities, as well as secondary funding sources, such as the Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle (“FHLB”) and the Federal Reserve discount window. The Bank is a member of and maintained a $1.3 billion line of credit with the FHLB as of September 30, 2008. Short-term and long-term borrowings under this arrangement totaled $275.0 million and $747.4 million, respectively, at September 30, 2008, compared to no short-term borrowings and $781.5 million of long-term borrowings at 2007 year-end. Approximately $272.7 million remained available for future borrowings at September 30, 2008. The FHLB has the right to suspend future advances. Proceeds from common stock offerings may also provide another source of funds as it has done in the past. Management does not rely on any one source of liquidity and manages availability in response to changing balance sheet needs.
Our liquidity may be affected by an inability to access the capital markets or by unforeseen demands on cash. Over the past year, sources of credit in the capital markets have tightened as mortgage loan delinquencies increased, demand for mortgage loans in the secondary market decreased, securities and debt ratings were downgraded and a number of institutions defaulted on their debt. The market disruptions that started in 2007 have continued in 2008 making it significantly more difficult for financial institutions to obtain capital/funds by selling loans in the secondary market or through borrowings.
We cannot predict with any degree of certainty how long these market conditions may continue, nor can we anticipate the degree of impact such market conditions will have on loan origination volumes and gains or losses on sale results. Deterioration in the performance of other financial institutions, including write-downs of securities, debt-rating downgrades and defaults, have resulted in industry-wide reductions in liquidity and further deterioration in the financial markets may affect our liquidity position.
Contractual Obligations
Information regarding our contractual obligations is provided in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. There have been no material changes in our contractual obligations since December 31, 2007.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss in a financial instrument arising from adverse changes in market rates/prices such as interest rates, foreign currency rates, commodity prices and equity prices. Our primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk that occurs when rate-sensitive assets and rate-sensitive liabilities mature or reprice during different periods or in differing amounts. Asset/liability management attempts to coordinate our rate-sensitive assets and rate-sensitive liabilities to meet our financial objectives. The Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”) monitors interest rate risk through the use of interest rate sensitivity gap, net interest income and market value of portfolio equity simulation, and rate shock analyses. Adverse interest rate risk exposures are managed through the shortening or lengthening of the duration of assets and liabilities.
The primary analytical tool we use to measure and manage our interest rate risk is a simulation model that projects changes in net interest income (“NII”) as market interest rates change. Our ALCO policy requires that simulated changes in NII should be within certain specified ranges, or steps must be taken to reduce interest rate risk. The results of the model indicate that the mix of rate-sensitive assets and liabilities at September 30, 2008 would not result in a fluctuation of NII that would exceed the established policy limits.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report and pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (the "Exchange Act"), the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness and design of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer concluded, as of the end of the period covered by this report, that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting information required to be disclosed by the Company, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms.
Changes in Internal Controls
As of the end of the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are involved from time to time in various claims, disputes and other legal actions in the ordinary course of business. We believe that the resolution of such additional matters will not have an adverse material effect upon our financial position or results of operations when resolved.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
The following risk factors have been updated from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2007, filed with the SEC.
Our ability to maintain adequate sources of funding and liquidity and required capital levels may be negatively impacted by the current economic environment which may, among other things, impact our ability to pay dividends.
Liquidity is essential to our business. An inability to raise funds through deposits, borrowings, the sale of investments or loans, and other sources could have a substantial negative affect on our liquidity. Our access to funding sources in amounts adequate to finance our activities on terms which are acceptable to us could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the financial services industry or economy in general. Factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include a decrease in the level of our business activity as a result of a downturn in the markets in which our loans or deposits are concentrated or adverse regulatory action against us. Our ability to borrow could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as a disruption in the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial industry in light of the recent turmoil faced by banking organizations and the continued deterioration in credit markets.
The management of liquidity risk is critical to the management of our business and to our ability to service our customer base. In managing our balance sheet, our primary source of funding is customer deposits. Our ability to continue to attract these deposits and other funding sources is subject to variability based upon a number of factors including volume and volatility in the securities markets, our credit rating and the relative interest rates that we are prepared to pay for these liabilities. The availability and level of deposits and other funding sources is highly dependent upon the perception of the liquidity and creditworthiness of the financial institution, which perception can change quickly in response to market conditions or circumstances unique to a particular company. Concerns about our financial condition, or concerns about our credit exposure to other persons could adversely impact our sources of liquidity, financial position, including regulatory capital ratios, results of operations and our business prospects.
During 2008, the amount of our total deposits has fluctuated. If the level of deposits were to materially decrease, we would have to raise additional funds by increasing the interest that we pay on certificates of deposits or other depository accounts, seek other debt or equity financing or draw upon our available lines of credit. Our ability to grow may be impacted because of our inability to fund loan growth. We are monitoring our activities with respect to liquidity and evaluating closely our utilization of our cash assets, however, there can be no assurance that our liquidity or the cost of funds to us may not be materially and adversely impacted as a result of economic, market or operational considerations that we may not be able to control.
We are required to maintain certain capital levels in accordance with banking regulations. Our bank may be subject to a number of enforcement restrictions by the federal regulatory authorities. These may include limitations on the ability to pay dividends, including dividends on our trust preferred securities, the issuance by the regulatory authority of a capital directive to increase capital, and the termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC, as well as other possible enforcement actions.
Our capital ratios have declined in 2008. Because our capital levels have declined and may continue to decline, we may need to increase our capital base by further reducing our assets or by raising additional capital independently or by participating in the TARP’s CPP. Our ability to reduce our assets or raise additional capital will depend, in part, on market conditions that are outside of our control. Accordingly, we cannot be certain of our ability to increase our capital base.
Our allowance for loan and lease losses may not be sufficient to cover actual loan losses, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Additional loan losses will likely occur in the future and may occur at a rate greater than we have experienced to date.
As a lender, we are exposed to the risk that our loan customers may not repay their loans according to their terms and that the collateral or guarantees securing these loans may be insufficient to assure repayment. During the first nine months of 2008, our provision for loan and lease losses amounted to $145.0 million, compared to $24.8 million for the comparable prior year period, and our current allowance may not be sufficient to cover future loan losses. We may experience significant loan losses that could have a material adverse effect on our operating results. Management makes various assumptions and judgments about the collectibility of our loan portfolio, which are regularly reevaluated and are based in part on:
· | Current economic conditions and their estimated effects on specific borrowers; |
· | An evaluation of the existing relationships among loans, potential loan losses and the present level of the allowance for loan and lease losses; |
· | Results of examinations of our loan portfolios by regulatory agencies; and |
· | Management’s internal review of the loan portfolio. |
In determining the size of the allowance, we rely on an analysis of our loan portfolio, our experience and our evaluation of general economic conditions. If our assumptions prove to be incorrect, our current allowance may not be sufficient. We have made significant adjustments to our allowance this year and additional adjustments may continue to be necessary if the local or national real estate markets and economies continue to deteriorate. Material additions to the allowance would materially decrease our net income. In addition, federal regulators periodically evaluate the adequacy of our allowance and may require us to increase our provision for loan and lease losses or recognize further loan charge-offs based on judgments different than those of our management. Any further increase in our allowance or loan charge-offs could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
During the second quarter of 2008, we wrote off all of the remaining goodwill associated with our Commercial Real Estate reporting segment as it was considered to be impaired. We continue to evaluate goodwill assigned to our Hawaii Market reporting segment for impairment. Estimates of fair value of our Hawaii Market reporting segment are determined based on a complex model using cash flows and company comparisons. If management’s estimates of future cash flows are inaccurate, the fair value determined could be inaccurate and impairment may not be recognized in a timely manner.
Recent market disruptions and related governmental actions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects.
Our business is affected by global economic conditions, political uncertainties and volatility and other developments in the financial markets. Factors such as interest rates and commodity prices, regional and national rates of economic growth, liquidity and volatility of fixed income, credit and other financial markets and investors’ confidence can significantly affect the businesses in which we and our customers are engaged. Such factors have affected, and may further unfavorably affect, both economic growth and stability in markets where we and our customers operate, creating adverse effects on many companies, including us, in ways that are not predictable or that we may fail to anticipate. Since mid-2007 credit and other financial markets have suffered substantial stress, volatility, illiquidity and disruption. These forces reached unprecedented levels in September and October 2008, resulting in the bankruptcy or acquisition of, or government assistance to several major domestic and international financial institutions. These events have significantly diminished overall confidence in the financial markets and in financial institutions, generally. This reduced confidence could further exacerbate the overall market disruption and increase risks to market participants including the Company.
The recent market developments and the potential for increased and continuing disruptions present a material risk to our business and that of other financial institutions. Subsequent to September 30, 2008 market conditions continue to worsen. Further deterioration or a continuation of recent market conditions may lead to a decline in the value of the assets that we hold or in the creditworthiness of our borrowers. In response to recent market disruptions, legislators and financial regulators implemented a number of mechanisms designed to add stability to the financial markets, including the provision of direct and indirect assistance to distressed financial institutions, assistance by the banking authorities in arranging acquisitions of weakened banks and broker dealers, implementation of programs by the Federal Reserve to provide liquidity to the commercial paper markets and other matters. On October 3, 2008 the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 was signed into law by the President empowering the Secretary of the Treasury to purchase from financial institutions up to $700 billion of troubled assets. On October 14, 2008 the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury announced the TARP CPP, a program in which we have applied to participate. The overall effects of these and other legislative and regulatory efforts on the financial markets are uncertain, and they may not have the intended stabilization effects. While these measures have been taken to support the markets, these actions may have unintended consequences on the financial system or our business, including reducing competition or increasing the general level of uncertainty in the markets. Should these or other legislative or regulatory initiatives fail to stabilize and add liquidity to the financial markets, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be adversely affected.
Even if these efforts essentially stabilize and add liquidity to the financial markets, we may need to modify our strategy or operations and we may incur increased capital requirements and constraints or additional costs in order to satisfy regulatory requirements or to compete in a changed business environment. Given the volatile nature of the current market disruption and the uncertainties underlying efforts to mitigate or reverse the disruption, we may not timely anticipate or manage these risks, contingencies or developments. Our failure to do so could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
Exhibit No. | Document |
| |
4.1 | Rights Agreement dated as of August 26, 1998 between Registrant and the Rights Agent (1) |
| |
10.1 | Advances, Security and Deposit Agreement with Federal Home Loan Bank Seattle Dated June 23, 2004 * |
| |
31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 * |
| |
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 * |
| |
32.1 | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ** |
| |
32.2 | Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 ** |
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
(1) | Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 26, 2008. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| CENTRAL PACIFIC FINANCIAL CORP. |
| (Registrant) |
| |
| |
Date: November 7, 2008 | /s/ Ronald K. Migita |
| Ronald K. Migita |
| Chairman, President & Chief Executive Officer |
| |
| |
Date: November 7, 2008 | /s/ Dean K. Hirata |
| Dean K. Hirata |
| Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer |
Central Pacific Financial Corp.
Exhibit Index
Exhibit No. | Description |
| |
10.1 | Advances, Security and Deposit Agreement with Federal Home Loan Bank Seattle Dated June 23, 2004 |
| |
31.1 | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
31.2 | Certification of the Principal Financial and Accounting Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
32.1 | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
| |
32.2 | Certification of the Principal Financial and Accounting Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |