LOANS AND LEASES | 4. LOANS AND LEASES Loans and leases, excluding loans held for sale, consisted of the following as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 : December 31, 2017 2016 (Dollars in thousands) Commercial, financial & agricultural $ 503,738 $ 509,987 Real estate: Construction 64,525 101,729 Residential mortgage 1,337,193 1,213,983 Home equity 412,230 361,210 Commercial mortgage 979,239 886,615 Consumer 470,819 448,610 Leases 362 677 Subtotal 3,768,106 3,522,811 Net deferred costs 2,509 2,079 Total loans and leases $ 3,770,615 $ 3,524,890 There are different types of risk characteristics for the loans in each portfolio segment. The construction and real estate segment's predominant risk characteristics are the collateral and the geographic location of the property collateralizing the loan, as well as the operating cash flow for the commercial real estate properties. The commercial and industrial (including leases) segment's predominant risk characteristics are the cash flows of the business we lend to, the global cash flows and liquidity of the guarantors of such losses, as well as economic and market conditions. The consumer segment's predominant risk characteristics are employment and income levels as they relate to the consumer. During the year ended December 31, 2017 , we transferred the collateral in one portfolio loan with a carrying value of $0.1 million to other real estate. We did not transfer any loans to the held-for-sale category during the year ended December 31, 2017 . In addition, we did not sell any portfolio loans during the year ended December 31, 2017 . In 2017, we purchased three auto loan portfolios totaling $83.8 million , which included a $2.3 million premium over the $81.4 million outstanding balance. At the time of purchase, the auto loan portfolios had a weighted average remaining term of 70 months . During the year ended December 31, 2016 , we transferred the collateral in two portfolio loans with a carrying value of $1.3 million to other real estate. We did not transfer any loans to the held-for-sale category during the year ended December 31, 2016 . In addition, we did not sell any portfolio loans during the year ended December 31, 2016 . In 2016, we purchased two auto loan portfolios totaling $41.2 million , which included a $0.9 million premium over the $40.3 million outstanding balance. At the time of purchase, the auto loan portfolios had a weighted average remaining term of 64 months . In 2016, we also purchased two unsecured consumer loan portfolios totaling $35.7 million , which represented the outstanding balance at the time of purchases. At the time of purchases, the unsecured consumer loans had a weighted average remaining term of 38 months . In the normal course of business, our bank makes loans to certain directors, executive officers and their affiliates. These loans are made in the ordinary course of business at normal credit terms. As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 , related party loan balances were $32.2 million and $17.1 million , respectively. Impaired Loans The following tables present by class, the balance in the Allowance and the recorded investment in loans and leases based on the Company's impairment method as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 : Real Estate Comml., Constr. Resi. Home Comml. Consumer Leases Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2017 Allowance: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Collectively evaluated for impairment 7,594 1,835 14,328 3,317 16,801 6,126 — 50,001 Total ending balance $ 7,594 $ 1,835 $ 14,328 $ 3,317 $ 16,801 $ 6,126 $ — $ 50,001 Loans and leases: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 491 $ 2,597 $ 13,862 $ 416 $ 3,914 $ — $ — $ 21,280 Collectively evaluated for impairment 503,247 61,928 1,323,331 411,814 975,325 470,819 362 3,746,826 Subtotal 503,738 64,525 1,337,193 412,230 979,239 470,819 362 3,768,106 Net deferred costs (income) 281 (285 ) 4,028 — (1,442 ) (73 ) — 2,509 Total ending balance $ 504,019 $ 64,240 $ 1,341,221 $ 412,230 $ 977,797 $ 470,746 $ 362 $ 3,770,615 Real Estate Comml., Constr. Resi. Home Comml. Consumer Leases Unallocated Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2016 Allowance: Individually evaluated for impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Collectively evaluated for impairment 8,637 4,224 15,055 3,502 19,104 6,109 — — 56,631 Total ending balance $ 8,637 $ 4,224 $ 15,055 $ 3,502 $ 19,104 $ 6,109 $ — $ — $ 56,631 Loans and leases: Individually evaluated for impairment $ 1,877 $ 2,936 $ 19,940 $ 333 $ 5,637 $ — $ — $ — $ 30,723 Collectively evaluated for impairment 508,110 98,793 1,194,043 360,877 880,978 448,610 677 — 3,492,088 Subtotal 509,987 101,729 1,213,983 361,210 886,615 448,610 677 — 3,522,811 Net deferred costs (income) 453 (191 ) 3,251 (1 ) (1,176 ) (257 ) — — 2,079 Total ending balance $ 510,440 $ 101,538 $ 1,217,234 $ 361,209 $ 885,439 $ 448,353 $ 677 $ — $ 3,524,890 The following table presents by class, impaired loans as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 : December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 Unpaid Recorded Allowance Unpaid Recorded Allowance (Dollars in thousands) Impaired loans with no related Allowance recorded: Commercial, financial & agricultural $ 602 $ 491 $ — $ 1,988 $ 1,877 $ — Real estate: Construction 7,947 2,597 — 9,056 2,936 — Residential mortgage 14,920 13,862 — 21,568 19,940 — Home equity 416 416 — 333 333 — Commercial mortgage 3,914 3,914 — 5,637 5,637 — Total impaired loans with no related Allowance recorded 27,799 21,280 — 38,582 30,723 — Total impaired loans $ 27,799 $ 21,280 $ — $ 38,582 $ 30,723 $ — The following table presents by class, the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans during the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 : Year Ended Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 Average Interest Average Interest Average Interest (Dollars in thousands) Commercial, financial & agricultural $ 1,272 $ 24 $ 1,891 $ 10 $ 6,273 $ 17 Real estate: Construction 2,760 99 3,509 123 4,428 190 Residential mortgage 17,122 1,843 21,809 236 25,556 60 Home equity 1,213 69 472 17 545 18 Commercial mortgage 4,893 313 8,537 321 14,240 373 Total $ 27,260 $ 2,348 $ 36,218 $ 707 $ 51,042 $ 658 For the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans within the period that the loans were impaired were primarily related to loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") that were on accrual status. For the years ended December 31, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , the amount of interest income recognized using a cash-based method of accounting during the period that the loans were impaired was not material. Foreclosure Proceedings The Company had $40 thousand and $0.3 million of residential mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that were in the process of foreclosure at December 31, 2017 and 2016 , respectively. Aging Analysis of Accruing and Non-Accruing Loans and Leases For all loan types, the Company determines delinquency status by considering the number of days full payments required by the contractual terms of the loan are past due. The following tables present by class, the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans and leases as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 : Accruing Accruing Accruing Loans Greater Than 90 Days Past Due Nonaccrual Total Loans and Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2017 Commercial, financial & agricultural $ 410 $ 355 $ — $ — $ 765 $ 503,254 $ 504,019 Real estate: Construction — — — — — 64,240 64,240 Residential mortgage 4,037 2,127 49 2,280 8,493 1,332,728 1,341,221 Home equity 105 264 — 416 785 411,445 412,230 Commercial mortgage — — — 79 79 977,718 977,797 Consumer 2,126 1,056 515 — 3,697 467,049 470,746 Leases — — — — — 362 362 Total $ 6,678 $ 3,802 $ 564 $ 2,775 $ 13,819 $ 3,756,796 $ 3,770,615 Accruing Accruing Accruing Loans Greater Than 90 Days Past Due Nonaccrual Total Loans and Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2016 Commercial, financial & agricultural $ 761 $ 80 $ — $ 1,877 $ 2,718 $ 507,722 $ 510,440 Real estate: Construction — — — — — 101,538 101,538 Residential mortgage 5,014 478 — 5,322 10,814 1,206,420 1,217,234 Home equity 43 280 1,120 333 1,776 359,433 361,209 Commercial mortgage 127 — — 864 991 884,448 885,439 Consumer 1,382 625 271 — 2,278 446,075 448,353 Leases — — — — — 677 677 Total $ 7,327 $ 1,463 $ 1,391 $ 8,396 $ 18,577 $ 3,506,313 $ 3,524,890 Interest income totaling $2.6 million , $0.6 million , and $0.5 million was recognized on nonaccrual loans, including loans held for sale, in 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Additional interest income of $0.4 million , $1.2 million , and $1.5 million would have been recognized in 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively, had these loans been accruing interest throughout those periods. Additionally, interest income of $0.8 million , $1.3 million , and $0.8 million was collected and recognized on charged-off loans in 2017 , 2016 and 2015 , respectively. Modifications TDRs included in nonperforming assets at December 31, 2017 consisted of six Hawaii residential mortgage loans with a combined principal balance of $0.6 million . Concessions made to the original contractual terms of these loans consisted primarily of the deferral of interest and/or principal payments due to deterioration in the borrowers' financial condition. The principal balances on these TDRs had matured and/or were in default at the time of restructure and we have no commitments to lend additional funds to any of these borrowers. At December 31, 2016 , TDRs included in nonperforming assets consisted of 24 loans with a combined principal balance of $3.6 million . There were $12.6 million of TDRs still accruing interest at December 31, 2017 , none of which were more than 90 days delinquent. At December 31, 2016 , there were $16.2 million of TDRs still accruing interest, none of which were more than 90 days delinquent. Some loans modified in a TDR may already be on nonaccrual status and partial charge-offs may have already been taken against the outstanding loan balance. Thus, these loans have already been identified as impaired and have already been evaluated under the Company's Allowance methodology. As a result, some loans modified in a TDR may have the financial effect of increasing the specific allowance associated with the loan. The loans modified in a TDR did not have a material effect on our Provision and Allowance during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 . The following table presents by class, information related to loans modified in a TDR during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 : Year Ended December 31, 2017 Year Ended December 31, 2016 Number of Recorded Increase in Number of Recorded Increase in (Dollars in thousands) Commercial, financial & agricultural — $ — $ — — $ — $ — Real estate: Residential mortgage 3 104 — 3 282 — Total 3 104 — 3 282 — No loans were modified as a TDR within the previous twelve months that subsequently defaulted during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 . Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans and leases into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans and leases individually by classifying the loans and leases as to credit risk. This analysis includes non-homogeneous loans and leases, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Special Mention. Loans and leases classified as special mention, while still adequately protected by the borrower's capital adequacy and payment capability, exhibit distinct weakening trends and/or elevated levels of exposure to external conditions. If left unchecked or uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deteriorated prospects of repayment. These exposures require management's close attention so as to avoid becoming undue or unwarranted credit exposures. Substandard. Loans and leases classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the borrower's current financial condition and payment capability or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans and leases so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly repayment of debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful. Loans and leases classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or orderly repayment in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the exposure, its classification as an estimate loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Loss. Loans and leases classified as loss are considered to be non-collectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This does not mean the loan has absolutely no recovery value, but rather it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though partial recovery may be obtained in the future. Losses are taken in the period in which they surface as uncollectible. Loans and leases not meeting the criteria above are considered to be pass rated loans and leases. The following tables present by class and credit indicator, the recorded investment in the Company's loans and leases as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 : Pass Special Substandard Loss Subtotal Net Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2017 Commercial, financial & agricultural $ 474,995 $ 7,543 $ 21,200 $ — $ 503,738 $ 281 $ 504,019 Real estate: Construction 55,646 8,879 — — 64,525 (285 ) 64,240 Residential mortgage 1,334,760 — 2,433 — 1,337,193 4,028 1,341,221 Home equity 411,814 — 416 — 412,230 — 412,230 Commercial mortgage 955,865 12,735 10,639 — 979,239 (1,442 ) 977,797 Consumer 470,243 — 305 271 470,819 (73 ) 470,746 Leases 362 — — — 362 — 362 Total $ 3,703,685 $ 29,157 $ 34,993 $ 271 $ 3,768,106 $ 2,509 $ 3,770,615 Pass Special Substandard Loss Subtotal Net Total (Dollars in thousands) December 31, 2016 Commercial, financial & agricultural $ 502,305 $ 2,632 $ 5,050 $ — $ 509,987 $ 453 $ 510,440 Real estate: Construction 91,812 9,896 21 — 101,729 (191 ) 101,538 Residential mortgage 1,208,552 109 5,322 — 1,213,983 3,251 1,217,234 Home equity 359,757 — 1,453 — 361,210 (1 ) 361,209 Commercial mortgage 852,872 18,845 14,898 — 886,615 (1,176 ) 885,439 Consumer 448,262 — 190 158 448,610 (257 ) 448,353 Leases 677 — — — 677 — 677 Total $ 3,464,237 $ 31,482 $ 26,934 $ 158 $ 3,522,811 $ 2,079 $ 3,524,890 In accordance with applicable Interagency Guidance issued by our primary bank regulators, we define subprime borrowers as typically having weakened credit histories that include payment delinquencies and possibly more severe problems such as charge-offs, judgments, and bankruptcies. They may also display reduced repayment capacity as measured by credit scores, debt-to-income ratios, or other criteria that may encompass borrowers with incomplete credit histories. Subprime loans are loans to borrowers displaying one or more of these characteristics at the time of origination or purchase. Such loans have a higher risk of default than loans to prime borrowers. At December 31, 2017 and 2016 , we did not have any loans that we considered to be subprime. |