LOANS AND CREDIT QUALITY | 4. LOANS AND CREDIT QUALITY Loans, excluding loans held for sale, net of ACL under ASC 326 as of March 31, 2020 and loans, excluding loans held for sale, net of ACL under previous GAAP as of December 31, 2019 consisted of the following: (dollars in thousands) March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 575,169 $ 570,089 Real estate: Construction 100,959 96,139 Residential mortgage 1,628,502 1,595,801 Home equity 504,061 490,239 Commercial mortgage 1,140,611 1,124,911 Consumer 559,765 569,516 Gross loans and leases 4,509,067 4,446,695 Net deferred costs 2,931 2,845 Loans 4,511,998 4,449,540 Allowance for credit losses (59,645) (47,971) Loans, net of allowance for credit losses $ 4,452,353 $ 4,401,569 The Company did not transfer any loans to the held-for-sale category during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company did not sell any loans originally held for investment during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company has purchased loan portfolios, none of which were credit deteriorated since origination, at the time of purchase. The following table presents loans purchased by class for the periods presented: (dollars in thousands) Consumer - Unsecured Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Purchases: Outstanding balance $ 22,953 Purchase premium (discount) (613) Purchase price $ 22,340 Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Purchases: Outstanding balance $ 18,286 Purchase premium (discount) — Purchase price $ 18,286 Collateral-Dependent Loans In accordance with ASC 326, a loan is considered collateral-dependent when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related ACL allocated to these loans as of March 31, 2020: (dollars in thousands) Secured by Secured by Secured by Total Allocated Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Commercial, financial and agricultural $ — $ — $ 667 $ 667 $ 231 Real estate: Residential mortgage 7,718 — — 7,718 — Home equity 545 — — 545 — Commercial mortgage — 512 — 512 — Total $ 8,263 $ 512 $ 667 $ 9,442 $ 231 The following table presents by class, information related to impaired loans as of December 31, 2019, as determined in accordance with ASC 310 prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13: December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Unpaid Recorded ACL Impaired loans: Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 246 $ 135 $ — Real estate: Residential mortgage 7,230 6,516 — Home equity 92 92 — Commercial mortgage 1,839 1,839 — Total 9,407 8,582 — Impaired loans with an ACL recorded: Commercial, financial and agricultural 467 467 218 Consumer 17 17 17 Total 484 484 235 Total impaired loans $ 9,891 $ 9,066 $ 235 The following table presents by class, the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2019, as determined in accordance with ASC 310 prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13: Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands) Average Interest Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 209 $ 3 Real estate: Construction 2,233 30 Residential mortgage 9,818 106 Home equity 497 — Commercial mortgage 2,285 23 Total $ 15,042 $ 162 For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans within the period that the loans were impaired were primarily related to loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") that were on accrual status. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the amount of interest income recognized using a cash-based method of accounting during the period that the loans were impaired was not material. Foreclosure Proceedings The Company had $0.7 million and $0.6 million of residential mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that were in the process of foreclosure at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The Company did not foreclose on any loans during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans For all loan types, the Company determines delinquency status by considering the number of days full payments required by the contractual terms of the loan are past due. The following tables present by class, the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans and leases as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The following tables also present the amortized cost of loans on onaccrual status for which there was no related ACL under ASC 326 as of March 31, 2020 and under previous GAAP as of December 31, 2019. (dollars in thousands) Accruing Accruing Accruing Nonaccrual Total Loans and Total Nonaccrual March 31, 2020 Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 7,050 $ 712 $ — $ 667 $ 8,429 $ 566,895 $ 575,324 $ — Real estate: Construction 478 — — — 478 100,139 100,617 — Residential mortgage 4,371 82 1,221 2,287 7,961 1,624,575 1,632,536 2,287 Home equity 573 — — 545 1,118 503,568 504,686 545 Commercial mortgage 287 — — — 287 1,138,850 1,139,137 — Consumer 4,739 1,167 352 48 6,306 553,392 559,698 — Total $ 17,498 $ 1,961 $ 1,573 $ 3,547 $ 24,579 $ 4,487,419 $ 4,511,998 $ 2,832 (dollars in thousands) Accruing Accruing Accruing Nonaccrual Total Loans and Total Nonaccrual December 31, 2019 Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 476 $ 865 $ — $ 467 $ 1,808 $ 568,496 $ 570,304 $ — Real estate: Construction 643 — — — 643 95,211 95,854 — Residential mortgage 1,830 589 724 979 4,122 1,595,679 1,599,801 979 Home equity 759 207 — 92 1,058 489,676 490,734 92 Commercial mortgage — 397 — — 397 1,123,018 1,123,415 — Consumer 3,223 943 286 17 4,469 564,963 569,432 — Total $ 6,931 $ 3,001 $ 1,010 $ 1,555 $ 12,497 $ 4,437,043 $ 4,449,540 $ 1,071 Troubled Debt Restructurings Troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") included in nonperforming assets at March 31, 2020 consisted of one Hawaii residential mortgage loan with a principal balance of $0.3 million. There were $7.3 million of TDRs still accruing interest at March 31, 2020, none of which were more than 90 days delinquent. At December 31, 2019, there were $7.5 million of TDRs still accruing interest, none of which were more than 90 days delinquent. The Company offers various types of concessions when modifying a loan. Concessions made to the original contractual terms of the loan typically consists of the deferral of interest and/or principal payments due to deterioration in the borrowers' financial condition. In these cases, the principal balance on the TDR had matured and/or was in default at the time of restructure, and there are no commitments to lend additional funds to the borrower. As discussed in Note 1 to these financial statements, the CARES Act provided banks an option to elect to not account for certain loan modifications related to COVID-19 as TDRs as long as the borrowers were not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. The TDRs disclosed above were not related to COVID-19 modifications. The Company executed loan deferrals on outstanding balances of approximately $65 million resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic that were not classified as a TDR at March 31, 2020. No loans were modified in a TDR during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. No loans were modified as a TDR within the previous twelve months that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. We had no commitments on TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019. Credit Quality Indicators The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans by credit risk. This analysis includes non-homogeneous loans, such as commercial and commercial real estate loans. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk rating of loans. Loans not meeting the following criteria that are analyzed individually as part of the described process are considered to be pass-rated loans. Special Mention. Loans and leases classified as special mention, while still adequately protected by the borrower's capital adequacy and payment capability, exhibit distinct weakening trends and/or elevated levels of exposure to external conditions. If left unchecked or uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deteriorated prospects of repayment. These exposures require management's close attention so as to avoid becoming undue or unwarranted credit exposures. Substandard. Loans and leases classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the borrower's current financial condition and payment capability or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans and leases so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly repayment of debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful. Loans and leases classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or orderly repayment in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the exposure, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Loss. Loans and leases classified as loss are considered to be non-collectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This does not mean the loan has absolutely no recovery value, but rather it is neither practical nor desirable to defer writing off the loan, even though partial recovery may be obtained in the future. Losses are taken in the period in which they surface as uncollectible. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of the Company's loans by class, credit quality indicator and origination year as of March 31, 2020. Revolving loans converted to term as of and during the three months ended March 31, 2020 were not material to the total loan portfolio. Amortized Cost of Term Loans by Origination Year 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Amortized Cost of Revolving Loans Total (dollars in thousands) March 31, 2020 Commercial, financial and agricultural Risk Rating Pass $ 40,976 $ 77,593 $ 64,288 $ 59,642 $ 50,144 $ 125,599 $ 97,073 $ 515,315 Special Mention 2,865 9,777 5,627 15,376 1,006 9,153 3,280 47,084 Substandard — 7,497 526 1,229 2,097 1,576 — 12,925 Subtotal 43,841 94,867 70,441 76,247 53,247 136,328 100,353 575,324 Construction Risk Rating Pass 7,923 12,157 50,181 6,920 2,277 21,159 — 100,617 Residential mortgage Risk Rating Pass 80,293 364,858 186,851 201,685 227,341 566,829 — 1,627,857 Special Mention — — — — 159 835 — 994 Substandard — — 550 929 302 1,904 — 3,685 Subtotal 80,293 364,858 187,401 202,614 227,802 569,568 — 1,632,536 Home equity Risk Rating Pass 4,927 21,426 22,858 493 249 3,951 450,237 504,141 Substandard — — — — 207 338 — 545 Subtotal 4,927 21,426 22,858 493 456 4,289 450,237 504,686 Commercial mortgage Risk Rating Pass 36,503 153,355 170,779 172,937 118,087 396,221 17,463 1,065,345 Special Mention — — 2,392 12,597 13,220 32,666 — 60,875 Substandard — 7,434 — — — 5,483 — 12,917 Subtotal 36,503 160,789 173,171 185,534 131,307 434,370 17,463 1,139,137 Consumer Risk Rating Pass 47,522 206,573 111,490 68,480 31,287 17,520 76,277 559,149 Special Mention — — — — — — 150 150 Substandard — 11 26 11 — 237 — 285 Loss — — — — — 114 — 114 Subtotal 47,522 206,584 111,516 68,491 31,287 17,871 76,427 559,698 Total $ 221,009 $ 860,681 $ 615,568 $ 540,299 $ 446,376 $ 1,183,585 $ 644,480 $ 4,511,998 The following table presents the Company's loans by class and credit quality indicator as of December 31, 2019: (dollars in thousands) Pass Special Substandard Loss Subtotal Net Total December 31, 2019 Commercial, financial and agricultural $ 523,342 $ 20,677 $ 26,070 $ — $ 570,089 $ 215 $ 570,304 Real estate: Construction 96,139 — — — 96,139 (285) 95,854 Residential mortgage 1,593,072 840 1,889 — 1,595,801 4,000 1,599,801 Home equity 490,147 — 92 — 490,239 495 490,734 Commercial mortgage 1,094,364 17,440 13,107 — 1,124,911 (1,496) 1,123,415 Consumer 569,212 — 193 111 569,516 (84) 569,432 Total $ 4,366,276 $ 38,957 $ 41,351 $ 111 $ 4,446,695 $ 2,845 $ 4,449,540 |