Outstanding Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses | Outstanding Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses The following tables present total outstanding loans and leases and an aging analysis for the Consumer Real Estate, Credit Card and Other Consumer, and Commercial portfolio segments, by class of financing receivables, at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. 30-59 Days Past Due (1) 60-89 Days Past Due (1) 90 Days or Past Due (1) Total Past Total Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due (1) Loans Accounted for Under the Fair Value Option Total (Dollars in millions) March 31, 2021 Consumer real estate Residential mortgage $ 1,230 $ 414 $ 1,635 $ 3,279 $ 211,500 $ 214,779 Home equity 139 75 362 576 31,502 32,078 Credit card and other consumer Credit card 316 246 755 1,317 71,469 72,786 Direct/Indirect consumer (2) 143 44 27 214 91,523 91,737 Other consumer — — — — 132 132 Total consumer 1,828 779 2,779 5,386 406,126 411,512 Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option (3) $ 693 693 Total consumer loans and leases 1,828 779 2,779 5,386 406,126 693 412,205 Commercial U.S. commercial 1,201 220 349 1,770 281,459 283,229 Non-U.S. commercial 112 26 105 243 91,092 91,335 Commercial real estate (4) 44 141 230 415 58,349 58,764 Commercial lease financing 138 25 48 211 16,148 16,359 U.S. small business commercial (5) 65 41 107 213 34,673 34,886 Total commercial 1,560 453 839 2,852 481,721 484,573 Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option (3) 6,310 6,310 Total commercial loans and leases 1,560 453 839 2,852 481,721 6,310 490,883 Total loans and leases (6) $ 3,388 $ 1,232 $ 3,618 $ 8,238 $ 887,847 $ 7,003 $ 903,088 Percentage of outstandings 0.37 % 0.14 % 0.40 % 0.91 % 98.31 % 0.78 % 100.00 % (1) Consumer real estate loans 30-59 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $203 million and nonperforming loans of $128 million. Consumer real estate loans 60-89 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $100 million and nonperforming loans of $124 million. Consumer real estate loans 90 days or more past due includes fully-insured loans of $728 million. Consumer real estate loans current or less than 30 days past due includes $1.5 billion and direct/indirect consumer includes $53 million of nonperforming loans. For information on the Corporation's interest accrual policies and delinquency status for loan modifications related to the pandemic, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. (2) Total outstandings primarily includes auto and specialty lending loans and leases of $45.4 billion, U.S. securities-based lending loans of $42.4 billion and non-U.S. consumer loans of $3.1 billion. (3) Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option includes residential mortgage loans of $275 million and home equity loans of $418 million. Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option includes U.S. commercial loans of $4.2 billion and non-U.S. commercial loans of $2.1 billion. For more information, see Note 14 – Fair Value Measurements and Note 15 – Fair Value Option . (4) Total outstandings includes U.S. commercial real estate loans of $55.8 billion and non-U.S. commercial real estate loans of $3.0 billion. (5) Includes Paycheck Protection Program loans. (6) Total outstandings includes loans and leases pledged as collateral of $15.3 billion. The Corporation also pledged $145.5 billion of loans with no related outstanding borrowings to secure potential borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank. 30-59 Days (1) 60-89 Days Past Due (1) 90 Days or (1) Total Past Total Current or Less Than 30 Days Past Due (1) Loans Total Outstandings (Dollars in millions) December 31, 2020 Consumer real estate Residential mortgage $ 1,430 $ 297 $ 1,699 $ 3,426 $ 220,129 $ 223,555 Home equity 154 78 345 577 33,734 34,311 Credit card and other consumer Credit card 445 341 903 1,689 77,019 78,708 Direct/Indirect consumer (2) 209 67 37 313 91,050 91,363 Other consumer — — — — 124 124 Total consumer 2,238 783 2,984 6,005 422,056 428,061 Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option (3) $ 735 735 Total consumer loans and leases 2,238 783 2,984 6,005 422,056 735 428,796 Commercial U.S. commercial 561 214 512 1,287 287,441 288,728 Non-U.S. commercial 61 44 11 116 90,344 90,460 Commercial real estate (4) 128 113 226 467 59,897 60,364 Commercial lease financing 86 20 57 163 16,935 17,098 U.S. small business commercial (5) 84 56 123 263 36,206 36,469 Total commercial 920 447 929 2,296 490,823 493,119 Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option (3) 5,946 5,946 Total commercial loans and leases 920 447 929 2,296 490,823 5,946 499,065 Total loans and leases (6) $ 3,158 $ 1,230 $ 3,913 $ 8,301 $ 912,879 $ 6,681 $ 927,861 Percentage of outstandings 0.34 % 0.13 % 0.42 % 0.89 % 98.39 % 0.72 % 100.00 % (1) Consumer real estate loans 30-59 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $225 million and nonperforming loans of $126 million. Consumer real estate loans 60-89 days past due includes fully-insured loans of $103 million and nonperforming loans of $95 million. Consumer real estate loans 90 days or more past due includes fully-insured loans of $762 million. Consumer real estate loans current or less than 30 days past due includes $1.2 billion and direct/indirect consumer includes $66 million of nonperforming loans. For information on the Corporation's interest accrual policies and delinquency status for loan modifications related to the pandemic, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. (2) Total outstandings primarily includes auto and specialty lending loans and leases of $46.4 billion, U.S. securities-based lending loans of $41.1 billion and non-U .S. consumer loans of $3.0 billion. (3) Consumer loans accounted for under the fair value option includes residential mortgage loans of $298 million and home equity loans of $437 million. Commercial loans accounted for under the fair value option includes U.S. commercial loans of $2.9 billion and non-U.S. commercial loans of $3.0 billion. For more information, see Note 14 – Fair Value Measurements and Note 15 – Fair Value Option . (4) Total outstandings includes U.S. commercial real estate loans of $57.2 billion and non-U.S. commercial real estate loans of $3.2 billion. (5) Includes Paycheck Protection Program loans. (6) Total outstandings includes loans and leases pledged as collateral of $15.5 billion. The Corporation also pledged $153.1 billion of loans with no related outstanding borrowings to secure potential borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve Bank and Federal Home Loan Bank. The Corporation has entered into long-term credit protection agreements with FNMA and FHLMC on loans totaling $9.4 billion and $9.0 billion at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, providing full credit protection on residential mortgage loans that become severely delinquent. All of these loans are individually insured, and therefore the Corporation does not record an allowance for credit losses related to these loans. Nonperforming Loans and Leases Commercial nonperforming loans decreased to $2.1 billion at March 31, 2021 from $2.2 billion at December 31, 2020. Consumer nonperforming loans increased to $3.1 billion at March 31, 2021 from $2.7 billion at December 31, 2020 driven by consumer real estate deferral activity. The following table presents the Corporation’s nonperforming loans and leases including nonperforming troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), and loans accruing past due 90 days or more at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Nonperforming loans held-for-sale (LHFS) are excluded from nonperforming loans and leases as they are recorded at either fair value or the lower of cost or fair value. For information on the Corporation's interest accrual policies, delinquency status for loan modifications related to the pandemic and the criteria for classification as nonperforming, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K . Credit Quality Nonperforming Loans Accruing Past Due 90 Days or More (1) (Dollars in millions) March 31 December 31 March 31 December 31 Residential mortgage (2) $ 2,366 $ 2,005 $ 728 $ 762 With no related allowance (3) 1,413 1,378 — — Home equity (2) 669 649 — — With no related allowance (3) 326 347 — — Credit Card n/a n/a 755 903 Direct/indirect consumer 56 71 25 33 Total consumer 3,091 2,725 1,508 1,698 U.S. commercial 1,228 1,243 99 228 Non-U.S. commercial 342 418 4 10 Commercial real estate 354 404 63 6 Commercial lease financing 80 87 20 25 U.S. small business commercial 67 75 98 115 Total commercial 2,071 2,227 284 384 Total nonperforming loans $ 5,162 $ 4,952 $ 1,792 $ 2,082 Percentage of outstanding loans and leases 0.58 % 0.54 % 0.20 % 0.23 % (1) For information on the Corporation's interest accrual policies and delinquency status for loan modifications related to the pandemic, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. (2) Residential mortgage loans accruing past due 90 days or more are fully-insured loans. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 residential mortgage includes $527 million and $537 million of loans on which interest had been curtailed by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), and therefore were no longer accruing interest, although principal was still insured, and $201 million and $225 million of loans on which interest was still accruing. (3) Primarily relates to loans for which the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral less any costs to sell is greater than the amortized cost of the loans as of the reporting date. Credit Quality Indicators The Corporation monitors credit quality within its Consumer Real Estate, Credit Card and Other Consumer, and Commercial portfolio segments based on primary credit quality indicators. For more information on the portfolio segments, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Within the Consumer Real Estate portfolio segment, the primary credit quality indicators are refreshed loan-to-value (LTV) and refreshed Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) score. Refreshed LTV measures the carrying value of the loan as a percentage of the value of the property securing the loan, refreshed quarterly. Home equity loans are evaluated using combined loan-to-value (CLTV), which measures the carrying value of the Corporation’s loan and available line of credit combined with any outstanding senior liens against the property as a percentage of the value of the property securing the loan, refreshed quarterly. FICO score measures the creditworthiness of the borrower based on the financial obligations of the borrower and the borrower’s credit history. FICO scores are typically refreshed quarterly or more frequently. Certain borrowers (e.g., borrowers that have had debts discharged in a bankruptcy proceeding) may not have their FICO scores updated. FICO scores are also a primary credit quality indicator for the Credit Card and Other Consumer portfolio segment and the business card portfolio within U.S. small business commercial. Within the Commercial portfolio segment, loans are evaluated using the internal classifications of pass rated or reservable criticized as the primary credit quality indicators. The term reservable criticized refers to those commercial loans that are internally classified or listed by the Corporation as Special Mention, Substandard or Doubtful, which are asset quality categories defined by regulatory authorities. These assets have an elevated level of risk and may have a high probability of default or total loss. Pass rated refers to all loans not considered reservable criticized. In addition to these primary credit quality indicators, the Corporation uses other credit quality indicators for certain types of loans. The following tables present certain credit quality indicators for the Corporation's Consumer Real Estate, Credit Card and Other Consumer, and Commercial portfolio segments by class of financing receivables and year of origination for term loan balances at March 31, 2021, including revolving loans that converted to term loans without an additional credit decision after origination or through a TDR. Residential Mortgage – Credit Quality Indicators By Vintage Term Loans by Origination Year (Dollars in millions) Total as of March 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Total Residential Mortgage Refreshed LTV Less than or equal to 90 percent $ 198,785 $ 24,600 $ 61,767 $ 34,753 $ 11,133 $ 16,831 $ 49,701 Greater than 90 percent but less than or equal to 100 percent 2,966 544 1,576 497 75 48 226 Greater than 100 percent 1,061 265 416 127 34 25 194 Fully-insured loans 11,967 722 4,122 1,693 316 302 4,812 Total Residential Mortgage $ 214,779 $ 26,131 $ 67,881 $ 37,070 $ 11,558 $ 17,206 $ 54,933 Total Residential Mortgage Refreshed FICO score Less than 620 $ 2,601 $ 316 $ 550 $ 162 $ 131 $ 139 $ 1,303 Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680 5,167 522 1,374 640 405 352 1,874 Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740 23,267 2,345 6,998 3,670 1,570 1,993 6,691 Greater than or equal to 740 171,777 22,226 54,837 30,905 9,136 14,420 40,253 Fully-insured loans 11,967 722 4,122 1,693 316 302 4,812 Total Residential Mortgage $ 214,779 $ 26,131 $ 67,881 $ 37,070 $ 11,558 $ 17,206 $ 54,933 Home Equity - Credit Quality Indicators Total Home Equity Loans and Reverse Mortgages (1) Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans (Dollars in millions) March 31, 2021 Total Home Equity Refreshed LTV Less than or equal to 90 percent $ 31,330 $ 1,885 $ 21,131 $ 8,314 Greater than 90 percent but less than or equal to 100 percent 307 116 82 109 Greater than 100 percent 441 156 104 181 Total Home Equity $ 32,078 $ 2,157 $ 21,317 $ 8,604 Total Home Equity Refreshed FICO score Less than 620 $ 1,046 $ 251 $ 237 $ 558 Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680 1,686 247 541 898 Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740 5,308 540 2,649 2,119 Greater than or equal to 740 24,038 1,119 17,890 5,029 Total Home Equity $ 32,078 $ 2,157 $ 21,317 $ 8,604 (1) At March 31, 2021, includes reverse mortgages of $1.4 billion and home equity loans of $800 million which are no longer originated. Credit Card and Direct/Indirect Consumer – Credit Quality Indicators By Vintage Direct/Indirect Term Loans by Origination Year Credit Card (Dollars in millions) Total Direct/Indirect as of March 31, 2021 Revolving Loans 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Total Credit Card as of March 31, 2021 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans (3) Refreshed FICO score Less than 620 $ 830 $ 17 $ 16 $ 120 $ 185 $ 146 $ 192 $ 154 $ 3,416 $ 3,235 $ 181 Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680 2,003 18 191 585 476 273 243 217 8,482 8,267 215 Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740 7,230 71 958 2,462 1,722 853 597 567 25,592 25,392 200 Greater than or equal to 740 35,592 106 3,750 11,521 9,507 4,982 2,885 2,841 35,296 35,249 47 Other internal credit metrics (1, 2) 46,082 45,490 46 79 119 87 65 196 — — — Total credit card and other $ 91,737 $ 45,702 $ 4,961 $ 14,767 $ 12,009 $ 6,341 $ 3,982 $ 3,975 $ 72,786 $ 72,143 $ 643 (1) Other internal credit metrics may include delinquency status, geography or other factors. (2) Direct/indirect consumer includes $45.5 billion of securities-based lending which is typically supported by highly liquid collateral with market value greater than or equal to the outstanding loan balance and therefore has minimal credit risk at March 31, 2021. (3) Represents TDRs that were modified into term loans. Commercial – Credit Quality Indicators By Vintage (1, 2) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Dollars in millions) Total as of March 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans U.S. Commercial Risk ratings Pass rated $ 266,387 $ 9,884 $ 29,264 $ 31,405 $ 15,382 $ 13,010 $ 28,776 $ 138,666 Reservable criticized 16,842 72 1,512 2,339 2,594 793 1,844 7,688 Total U.S. Commercial $ 283,229 $ 9,956 $ 30,776 $ 33,744 $ 17,976 $ 13,803 $ 30,620 $ 146,354 Non-U.S. Commercial Risk ratings Pass rated $ 87,089 $ 4,618 $ 13,801 $ 9,692 $ 6,189 $ 3,595 $ 3,165 $ 46,029 Reservable criticized 4,246 272 809 736 498 395 397 1,139 Total Non-U.S. Commercial $ 91,335 $ 4,890 $ 14,610 $ 10,428 $ 6,687 $ 3,990 $ 3,562 $ 47,168 Commercial Real Estate Risk ratings Pass rated $ 49,019 $ 1,535 $ 8,053 $ 13,295 $ 7,503 $ 4,590 $ 9,241 $ 4,802 Reservable criticized 9,745 143 794 2,688 2,225 1,356 1,910 629 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 58,764 $ 1,678 $ 8,847 $ 15,983 $ 9,728 $ 5,946 $ 11,151 $ 5,431 Commercial Lease Financing Risk ratings Pass rated $ 15,666 $ 437 $ 2,938 $ 3,123 $ 2,597 $ 2,331 $ 4,240 $ — Reservable criticized 693 28 110 148 112 70 225 — Total Commercial Lease Financing $ 16,359 $ 465 $ 3,048 $ 3,271 $ 2,709 $ 2,401 $ 4,465 $ — U.S. Small Business Commercial (3) Risk ratings Pass rated $ 27,410 $ 8,323 $ 15,411 $ 1,118 $ 829 $ 729 $ 838 $ 162 Reservable criticized 911 2 60 201 173 131 335 9 Total U.S. Small Business Commercial $ 28,321 $ 8,325 $ 15,471 $ 1,319 $ 1,002 $ 860 $ 1,173 $ 171 Total $ 478,008 $ 25,314 $ 72,752 $ 64,745 $ 38,102 $ 27,000 $ 50,971 $ 199,124 (1) Excludes $6.3 billion of loans accounted for under the fair value option at March 31, 2021. (2) Includes $41 million of loans that converted from revolving to term loans. (3) Excludes U.S. Small Business Card loans of $6.6 billion. Refreshed FICO scores for this portfolio are $230 million for less than 620; $553 million for greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680; $1.7 billion for greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740; and $4.1 billion greater than or equal to 740. The following tables present certain credit quality indicators for the Corporation's Consumer Real Estate, Credit Card and Other Consumer, and Commercial portfolio segments by class of financing receivables and year of origination for term loan balances at December 31, 2020, including revolving loans that converted to term loans without an additional credit decision after origination or through a TDR. Residential Mortgage – Credit Quality Indicators By Vintage Term Loans by Origination Year (Dollars in millions) Total as of December 31, 2020 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total Residential Mortgage Refreshed LTV Less than or equal to 90 percent $ 207,389 $ 68,907 $ 43,771 $ 14,658 $ 21,589 $ 22,967 $ 35,497 Greater than 90 percent but less than or equal to 100 percent 3,138 1,970 684 128 70 96 190 Greater than 100 percent 1,210 702 174 47 39 37 211 Fully-insured loans 11,818 3,826 2,014 370 342 1,970 3,296 Total Residential Mortgage $ 223,555 $ 75,405 $ 46,643 $ 15,203 $ 22,040 $ 25,070 $ 39,194 Total Residential Mortgage Refreshed FICO score Less than 620 $ 2,717 $ 823 $ 177 $ 139 $ 170 $ 150 $ 1,258 Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680 5,462 1,804 666 468 385 368 1,771 Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740 25,349 8,533 4,679 1,972 2,427 2,307 5,431 Greater than or equal to 740 178,209 60,419 39,107 12,254 18,716 20,275 27,438 Fully-insured loans 11,818 3,826 2,014 370 342 1,970 3,296 Total Residential Mortgage $ 223,555 $ 75,405 $ 46,643 $ 15,203 $ 22,040 $ 25,070 $ 39,194 Home Equity - Credit Quality Indicators Total Home Equity Loans and Reverse Mortgages (1) Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans (Dollars in millions) December 31, 2020 Total Home Equity Refreshed LTV Less than or equal to 90 percent $ 33,447 $ 1,919 $ 22,639 $ 8,889 Greater than 90 percent but less than or equal to 100 percent 351 126 94 131 Greater than 100 percent 513 172 118 223 Total Home Equity $ 34,311 $ 2,217 $ 22,851 $ 9,243 Total Home Equity Refreshed FICO score Less than 620 $ 1,082 $ 250 $ 244 $ 588 Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680 1,798 263 568 967 Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740 5,762 556 2,905 2,301 Greater than or equal to 740 25,669 1,148 19,134 5,387 Total Home Equity $ 34,311 $ 2,217 $ 22,851 $ 9,243 (1) At December 31, 2020, includes reverse mortgages of $1.3 billion and home equity loans of $885 million which are no longer originated. Credit Card and Direct/Indirect Consumer – Credit Quality Indicators By Vintage Direct/Indirect Term Loans by Origination Year Credit Card (Dollars in millions) Total Direct/Indirect as of December 31, 2020 Revolving Loans 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Total Credit Card as of December 31, 2020 Revolving Loans Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans (3) Refreshed FICO score Less than 620 $ 959 $ 19 $ 111 $ 200 $ 175 $ 243 $ 148 $ 63 $ 4,018 $ 3,832 $ 186 Greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680 2,143 20 653 559 329 301 176 105 9,419 9,201 218 Greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740 7,431 80 2,848 2,015 1,033 739 400 316 27,585 27,392 193 Greater than or equal to 740 36,064 120 12,540 10,588 5,869 3,495 1,781 1,671 37,686 37,642 44 Other internal credit metrics (1, 2) 44,766 44,098 74 115 84 67 52 276 — — — Total credit card and other $ 91,363 $ 44,337 $ 16,226 $ 13,477 $ 7,490 $ 4,845 $ 2,557 $ 2,431 $ 78,708 $ 78,067 $ 641 (1) Other internal credit metrics may include delinquency status, geography or other factors. (2) Direct/indirect consumer includes $44.1 billion of securities-based lending which is typically supported by highly liquid collateral with market value greater than or equal to the outstanding loan balance and therefore has minimal credit risk at December 31, 2020. (3) Represents TDRs that were modified into term loans. Commercial – Credit Quality Indicators By Vintage (1, 2) Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Dollars in millions) Total as of December 31, 2020 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans U.S. Commercial Risk ratings Pass rated $ 268,812 $ 33,456 $ 33,305 $ 17,363 $ 14,102 $ 7,420 $ 21,784 $ 141,382 Reservable criticized 19,916 2,524 2,542 2,689 854 698 1,402 9,207 Total U.S. Commercial $ 288,728 $ 35,980 $ 35,847 $ 20,052 $ 14,956 $ 8,118 $ 23,186 $ 150,589 Non-U.S. Commercial Risk ratings Pass rated $ 85,914 $ 16,301 $ 11,396 $ 7,451 $ 5,037 $ 1,674 $ 2,194 $ 41,861 Reservable criticized 4,546 914 572 492 436 138 259 1,735 Total Non-U.S. Commercial $ 90,460 $ 17,215 $ 11,968 $ 7,943 $ 5,473 $ 1,812 $ 2,453 $ 43,596 Commercial Real Estate Risk ratings Pass rated $ 50,260 $ 8,429 $ 14,126 $ 8,228 $ 4,599 $ 3,299 $ 6,542 $ 5,037 Reservable criticized 10,104 933 2,558 2,115 1,582 606 1,436 874 Total Commercial Real Estate $ 60,364 $ 9,362 $ 16,684 $ 10,343 $ 6,181 $ 3,905 $ 7,978 $ 5,911 Commercial Lease Financing Risk ratings Pass rated $ 16,384 $ 3,083 $ 3,242 $ 2,956 $ 2,532 $ 1,703 $ 2,868 $ — Reservable criticized 714 117 117 132 81 88 179 — Total Commercial Lease Financing $ 17,098 $ 3,200 $ 3,359 $ 3,088 $ 2,613 $ 1,791 $ 3,047 $ — U.S. Small Business Commercial (3) Risk ratings Pass rated $ 28,786 $ 24,539 $ 1,121 $ 837 $ 735 $ 527 $ 855 $ 172 Reservable criticized 1,148 76 239 210 175 113 322 13 Total U.S. Small Business Commercial $ 29,934 $ 24,615 $ 1,360 $ 1,047 $ 910 $ 640 $ 1,177 $ 185 Total $ 486,584 $ 90,372 $ 69,218 $ 42,473 $ 30,133 $ 16,266 $ 37,841 $ 200,281 (1) Excludes $5.9 billion of loans accounted for under the fair value option at December 31, 2020. (2) Includes $58 million of loans that converted from revolving to term loans. (3) Excludes U.S. Small Business Card loans of $6.5 billion. Refreshed FICO scores for this portfolio are $265 million for less than 620; $582 million for greater than or equal to 620 and less than 680; $1.7 billion for greater than or equal to 680 and less than 740; and $3.9 billion greater than or equal to 740. Troubled Debt Restructurings The Corporation has been entering into loan modifications with borrowers in response to the pandemic, most of which are not classified as TDRs, and therefore are not included in the following discussion. For more information on the criteria for classifying loans as TDRs, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Consumer Real Estate Modifications of consumer real estate loans are classified as TDRs when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and a concession has been granted. Concessions may include reductions in interest rates, capitalization of past due amounts, principal and/or interest forbearance, payment extensions, principal and/or interest forgiveness, or combinations thereof. Prior to permanently modifying a loan, the Corporation may enter into trial modifications with certain borrowers under both government and proprietary programs. Trial modifications generally represent a three- to four-month period during which the borrower makes monthly payments under the anticipated modified payment terms. Upon successful completion of the trial period, the Corporation and the borrower enter into a permanent modification. Binding trial modifications are classified as TDRs when the trial offer is made and continue to be classified as TDRs regardless of whether the borrower enters into a permanent modification. Consumer real estate loans of $358 million that have been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy with no change in repayment terms and not reaffirmed by the borrower were included in TDRs at March 31, 2021, of which $103 million were classified as nonperforming and $65 million were loans fully insured. Consumer real estate TDRs are measured primarily based on the net present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. If the carrying value of a TDR exceeds this amount, a specific allowance is recorded as a component of the allowance for loan and lease losses. Alternatively, consumer real estate TDRs that are considered to be dependent solely on the collateral for repayment (e.g., due to the lack of income verification) are measured based on the estimated fair value of the collateral, and a charge-off is recorded if the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the collateral. Consumer real estate loans that reach 180 days past due prior to modification are charged off to their net realizable value, less costs to sell, before they are modified as TDRs in accordance with established policy. Subsequent declines in the fair value of the collateral after a loan has reached 180 days past due are recorded as charge-offs. Fully-insured loans are protected against principal loss, and therefore, the Corporation does not record an allowance for loan and lease losses on the outstanding principal balance, even after they have been modified in a TDR. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, remaining commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose terms have been modified in a consumer real estate TDR were not significant. Consumer real estate foreclosed properties totaled $101 million and $123 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. The carrying value of consumer real estate loans, including fully-insured loans, for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process at March 31, 2021 was $1.1 billion. Although the Corporation has paused formal loan foreclosure proceedings and foreclosure sales for occupied properties, during the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Corporation reclassified $10 million of consumer real estate loans completed or which were in process prior to the pause in foreclosures, to foreclosed properties or, for properties acquired upon foreclosure of certain government-guaranteed loans (principally FHA-insured loans), to other assets. The reclassifications represent non-cash investing activities and, accordingly, are not reflected in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The table below presents the March 31, 2021 and 2020 unpaid principal balance, carrying value, and average pre- and post-modification interest rates of consumer real estate loans that were modified in TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. The following Consumer Real Estate portfolio segment tables include loans that were initially classified as TDRs during the period and also loans that had previously been classified as TDRs and were modified again during the period. Consumer Real Estate – TDRs Entered into During the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Carrying Pre-Modification Interest Rate Post-Modification Interest Rate (2) (Dollars in millions) March 31, 2021 Residential mortgage $ 519 $ 464 3.50 % 3.48 % Home equity 62 49 3.43 3.44 Total $ 581 $ 513 3.49 3.48 March 31, 2020 Residential mortgage $ 122 $ 103 4.04 % 3.94 % Home equity 23 20 4.69 4.68 Total $ 145 $ 123 4.15 4.06 (1) For more information on the Corporation's loan modification programs offered in response to the pandemic, most of which are not TDRs, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. (2) The post-modification interest rate reflects the interest rate applicable only to permanently completed modifications, which exclude loans that are in a trial modification period. The following table presents the March 31, 2021 and 2020 carrying value for consumer real estate loans that were modified in a TDR during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, by type of modification. Consumer Real Estate – Modification Programs (1) TDRs Entered into During the (Dollars in millions) 2021 2020 Modifications under government programs $ 1 $ 1 Modifications under proprietary programs 472 28 Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy (2) 11 15 Trial modifications 29 79 Total modifications $ 513 $ 123 (1) For more information on the Corporation's loan modification programs offered in response to the pandemic, most of which are not TDRs, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. (2) Includes loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy with no change in repayment terms that are classified as TDRs. The table below presents the carrying value of consumer real estate loans that entered into payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 that were modified in a TDR during the 12 months preceding payment default. A payment default for consumer real estate TDRs is recognized when a borrower has missed three monthly payments (not necessarily consecutively) since modification. Consumer Real Estate – TDRs Entering Payment Default that were Modified During the Preceding 12 Months (1) Three Months Ended March 31 (Dollars in millions) 2021 2020 Modifications under government programs $ 1 $ 6 Modifications under proprietary programs 12 14 Loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy (2) 3 7 Trial modifications (3) 6 18 Total modifications $ 22 $ 45 (1) For more information on the Corporation's loan modification programs offered in response to the pandemic, most of which are not TDRs, see Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Principles to the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Corporation’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. (2) Includes loans discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy with no change in repayment terms that are classified as TDRs. (3) Includes trial modification offers to which the customer did not respond. Credit Card and Other Consumer The Corporation seeks to assist customers that are experiencing financial difficulty by modifying loans while ensuring compliance with federal and local laws and guidelines. Credit card and other consumer loan modifications generally involve reducing the interest rate on the account, placing the customer on a fixed payment plan not exceeding 60 months and canceling the customer’s available line of credit, all of which are considered TDRs. The Corporation makes loan modifications directly with borrowers for debt held only by the Corporation (internal programs). Additionally, the Corporation makes loan modifications for borrowers working with third-party renegotiation agencies that provide solutions to customers’ entire unsecured debt structures (external programs). The Corporation classifies other secured consumer loans that have been discharged in Chapter 7 bankruptcy as TDRs, which are written down to collateral value and placed on nonaccrual status no later than the time of discharge. The table below provides in |