LOANS AND LEASES | LOANS AND LEASES First Financial offers clients a variety of commercial and consumer loan and lease products with various interest rates and payment terms. Lending activities are primarily concentrated in Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky, states where the Bank currently operates banking centers. Additionally, First Financial provides equipment and leasehold improvement financing for franchisees in the quick service and casual dining restaurant sector throughout the United States. Commercial loan categories include commercial and industrial (commercial), commercial real estate, construction real estate and lease financing. Consumer loan categories include residential real estate, home equity, installment and credit card. Purchased impaired loans. Loans accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality, are referred to as purchased impaired loans. First Financial accounts for the majority of loans acquired in FDIC transactions as purchased impaired loans, except for loans with revolving privileges, which are outside the scope of FASB ASC Topic 310-30, and loans for which cash flows could not be estimated, which are accounted for under the cost recovery method. Purchased impaired loans include loans previously covered under loss sharing agreements as well as loans that remain subject to FDIC loss sharing coverage. Purchased impaired loans are not classified as nonperforming assets as the loans are considered to be performing under FASB ASC Topic 310-30. Therefore, interest income, through accretion of the difference between the carrying value of the loans and the expected cash flows (accretable difference) is recognized on all purchased impaired loans. First Financial had purchased impaired loans totaling $215.2 million and $264.9 million , at June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. The outstanding balance of all purchased impaired loans, including all contractual principal, interest, fees and penalties, was $262.4 million and $314.5 million as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. These balances exclude contractual interest not yet accrued. Changes in the carrying amount of accretable difference for purchased impaired loans were as follows: Three months ended Six months ended June 30, June 30, (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Balance at beginning of period $ 91,988 $ 131,398 $ 106,622 $ 133,671 Reclassification from/(to) nonaccretable difference (548 ) 8,941 (2,124 ) 22,159 Accretion (5,744 ) (8,932 ) (12,101 ) (18,650 ) Other net activity (1) (6,751 ) (3,643 ) (13,452 ) (9,416 ) Balance at end of period $ 78,945 $ 127,764 $ 78,945 $ 127,764 (1) Includes the impact of loan repayments and charge-offs. First Financial regularly reviews its forecast of expected cash flows for purchased impaired loans. The Company recognized reclassifications from accretable to nonaccretable difference of $0.5 million for the second quarter of 2015 and $2.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2015 . Conversely, First Financial recognized $8.9 million of reclassifications from nonaccretable to accretable difference during the second quarter of 2014 and $22.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2014 due to changes in the cash flow expectations related to certain loan pools. These reclassifications can result in impairment and provision expense in the current period or yield adjustments on the related loan pools on a prospective basis. Covered loans. Loans acquired in FDIC-assisted transactions covered under loss sharing agreements whereby the FDIC will reimburse First Financial for the majority of any losses incurred are referred to as covered loans. Pursuant to the terms of the loss sharing agreements, covered loans are subject to a stated loss threshold whereby the FDIC will reimburse First Financial for 80% of losses up to a stated loss threshold and 95% of losses in excess of the threshold. These loss sharing agreements provide for partial loss protection on single-family, residential loans for a period of ten years and First Financial is required to share any recoveries of previously charged-off amounts for the same time period, on the same pro-rata basis with the FDIC. All other loans are provided loss protection for a period of five years and recoveries of previously charged-off amounts must be shared with the FDIC for an additional three year period, on the same pro-rata basis. The Company's loss sharing agreements with the FDIC related to non-single family loans expired effective October 1, 2014, and the ten year period of loss protection on all other covered loans and covered OREO expires October 1, 2019. Covered loans totaled $125.8 million as of June 30, 2015 and $135.7 million as of December 31, 2014 . Credit Quality. To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality for commercial loans, and for purposes of determining an appropriate allowance for loan and lease losses, First Financial utilizes the following categories of credit grades: Pass - Higher quality loans that do not fit any of the other categories described below. Special Mention - First Financial assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases with potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or in First Financial's credit position at some future date. Substandard - First Financial assigns a substandard rating to loans or leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound financial worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans and leases have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize repayment of the debt. Substandard loans and leases are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not addressed. Doubtful - First Financial assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases with all the attributes of a substandard rating with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the credit quality of the loan or lease, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans. The credit grades described above, which are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions, are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. First Financial considers repayment performance to be the best indicator of credit quality for consumer loans. Consumer loans that have principal and interest payments that are past due by 90 days or more are generally classified as nonperforming. Additionally, consumer loans that have been modified in a TDR are also classified as nonperforming. Commercial and consumer credit exposure by risk attribute was as follows: As of June 30, 2015 Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) Commercial Construction Commercial Leasing Total Pass $ 1,251,098 $ 227,439 $ 2,074,954 $ 83,229 $ 3,636,720 Special Mention 36,515 133 22,587 1,391 60,626 Substandard 27,474 1,684 74,265 103 103,526 Doubtful 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 1,315,087 $ 229,256 $ 2,171,806 $ 84,723 $ 3,800,872 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Residential Installment Home Equity Other Total Performing $ 497,164 $ 42,708 $ 457,548 $ 39,216 $ 1,036,636 Nonperforming 9,227 365 5,674 0 15,266 Total $ 506,391 $ 43,073 $ 463,222 $ 39,216 $ 1,051,902 As of December 31, 2014 Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) Commercial Construction Commercial Leasing Total Pass $ 1,265,116 $ 195,787 $ 2,027,897 $ 75,839 $ 3,564,639 Special Mention 30,903 0 25,928 1,728 58,559 Substandard 19,095 1,784 86,842 0 107,721 Doubtful 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 1,315,114 $ 197,571 $ 2,140,667 $ 77,567 $ 3,730,919 (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Residential Installment Home Equity Other Total Performing $ 490,314 $ 46,806 $ 452,281 $ 38,475 $ 1,027,876 Nonperforming 11,580 514 6,346 0 18,440 Total $ 501,894 $ 47,320 $ 458,627 $ 38,475 $ 1,046,316 Delinquency. Loans are considered past due or delinquent when the contractual principal or interest due in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement or any portion thereof remains unpaid after the date of the scheduled payment. Loan delinquency, including loans classified as nonaccrual, was as follows: As of June 30, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) 30 – 59 60 – 89 > 90 days Total Current Subtotal Purchased impaired Total > 90 days Loans Commercial $ 66 $ 330 $ 2,777 $ 3,173 $ 1,300,408 $ 1,303,581 $ 11,506 $ 1,315,087 $ 0 Real estate - construction 18 0 223 241 228,245 228,486 770 229,256 0 Real estate - commercial 2,724 6,224 17,421 26,369 2,009,354 2,035,723 136,083 2,171,806 0 Real estate - residential 91 1,069 2,251 3,411 439,456 442,867 63,524 506,391 0 Installment 193 104 198 495 40,315 40,810 2,263 43,073 0 Home equity 963 242 3,109 4,314 457,872 462,186 1,036 463,222 0 Other 403 164 70 637 123,302 123,939 0 123,939 70 Total $ 4,458 $ 8,133 $ 26,049 $ 38,640 $ 4,598,952 $ 4,637,592 $ 215,182 $ 4,852,774 $ 70 As of December 31, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) 30 – 59 60 – 89 > 90 days Total Current Subtotal Purchased impaired Total > 90 days Loans Commercial $ 1,002 $ 3,647 $ 2,110 $ 6,759 $ 1,290,975 $ 1,297,734 $ 17,380 $ 1,315,114 $ 0 Real estate - construction 276 0 223 499 195,773 196,272 1,299 197,571 0 Real estate - commercial 8,356 838 13,952 23,146 1,944,207 1,967,353 173,314 2,140,667 0 Real estate - residential 1,198 344 4,224 5,766 426,908 432,674 69,220 501,894 0 Installment 133 17 272 422 44,235 44,657 2,663 47,320 0 Home equity 697 466 4,079 5,242 452,357 457,599 1,028 458,627 0 Other 1,133 128 216 1,477 114,565 116,042 0 116,042 216 Total $ 12,795 $ 5,440 $ 25,076 $ 43,311 $ 4,469,020 $ 4,512,331 $ 264,904 $ 4,777,235 $ 216 Nonaccrual. Loans are classified as nonaccrual when, in the opinion of management, collection of principal or interest is doubtful or when principal or interest payments are 90 days or more past due. Generally, loans are classified as nonaccrual due to the continued failure to adhere to contractual payment terms by the borrower, coupled with other pertinent factors such as insufficient collateral value. The accrual of interest income is discontinued, and previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed when a loan is classified as nonaccrual. Any payments received while a loan is on nonaccrual status are applied as a reduction to the carrying value of the loan. A loan may return to accrual status if collection of future principal and interest payments is no longer doubtful. Purchased impaired loans are classified as performing, even though they may be contractually past due, as any nonpayment of contractual principal or interest is considered in the periodic re-estimation of expected cash flows and is included in the resulting recognition of current period covered loan loss provision or prospective yield adjustments. Troubled Debt Restructurings. A loan modification is considered a TDR when two conditions are met: 1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and 2) concessions are made by the Company that would not otherwise be considered for a borrower with similar credit characteristics. The most common types of modifications include interest rate reductions, maturity extensions and modifications to principal amortization, including interest only structures. Modified terms are dependent upon the financial position and needs of the individual borrower. If the modification agreement is violated, the loan is managed by the Company’s credit administration group for resolution, which may result in foreclosure in the case of real estate. TDRs are generally classified as nonaccrual for a minimum period of six months and may qualify for return to accrual status once they have demonstrated performance with the restructured terms of the loan agreement. First Financial had 272 TDRs totaling $34.2 million at June 30, 2015 , including $20.1 million on accrual status and $14.1 million classified as nonaccrual. First Financial had an insignificant amount of commitments outstanding to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms have been modified through TDRs at June 30, 2015 . At June 30, 2015 , the allowance for loan and lease losses included reserves of $3.4 million related to TDRs. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 , First Financial charged off $1.7 million for the portion of TDRs determined to be uncollectible. Additionally, at June 30, 2015 , approximately $8.1 million of accruing TDRs have been performing in accordance with the restructured terms for more than one year. First Financial had 262 TDRs totaling $28.2 million at December 31, 2014 , including $15.9 million of loans on accrual status and $12.3 million classified as nonaccrual. First Financial had an insignificant amount of commitments outstanding to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms had been modified through TDRs. At December 31, 2014 , the allowance for loan and lease losses included reserves of $3.7 million related to TDRs. For the year ended December 31, 2014 , First Financial charged off $1.0 million for the portion of TDRs determined to be uncollectible. At December 31, 2014 , approximately $10.5 million of the accruing TDRs had been performing in accordance with the restructured terms for more than one year. The following tables provide information on loan modifications classified as TDRs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 : Three months ended June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) Number of loans Pre-modification loan balance Period end balance Number of loans Pre-modification loan balance Period end balance Commercial 14 $ 1,155 $ 1,151 3 $ 153 $ 151 Real estate - construction 0 0 0 0 0 0 Real estate - commercial 6 2,426 2,391 2 295 285 Real estate - residential 3 362 327 14 844 733 Installment 7 46 46 3 14 13 Home equity 9 1,883 1,375 15 512 486 Total 39 $ 5,872 $ 5,290 37 $ 1,818 $ 1,668 Six months ended June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) Number of loans Pre-modification loan balance Period end balance Number of loans Pre-modification loan balance Period end balance Commercial 22 $ 1,515 $ 1,510 6 $ 226 $ 216 Real estate - construction 0 0 0 0 0 0 Real estate - commercial 12 15,340 11,734 8 2,152 2,085 Real estate - residential 3 362 327 23 1,390 1,263 Installment 7 46 46 4 17 13 Home equity 10 2,050 1,539 23 759 637 Total 54 $ 19,313 $ 15,156 64 $ 4,544 $ 4,214 The following table provides information on how TDRs were modified during the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and 2014 . Three months ended Six months ended June 30, June 30, (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Extended maturities $ 1,180 $ 185 $ 10,661 $ 826 Adjusted interest rates 0 0 0 289 Combination of rate and maturity changes 1,157 50 1,219 1,271 Forbearance 260 252 260 316 Other (1) 2,693 1,181 3,016 1,512 Total $ 5,290 $ 1,668 $ 15,156 $ 4,214 (1) Includes covenant modifications and other concessions, or combination of concessions, that do not consist of interest rate adjustments, forbearance and maturity extensions First Financial considers repayment performance as an indication of the effectiveness of the Company's loan modifications. Borrowers classified as a TDR that are 90 days or more past due on any principal or interest payments, or who prematurely terminate a restructured loan agreement without paying off the contractual principal balance (for example, in a deed-in-lieu arrangement), are considered to be in payment default of the terms of the TDR agreement. The following table provides information on TDRs for which there was a payment default during the period that occurred within twelve months of the loan modification: Three months ended June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) Number of loans Period end balance Number of loans Period end balance Commercial 0 $ 0 0 $ 0 Real estate - construction 0 0 0 0 Real estate - commercial 1 179 0 0 Real estate - residential 0 0 2 36 Installment 0 0 0 0 Home equity 0 0 2 70 Total 1 $ 179 4 $ 106 Six months ended June 30, 2015 June 30, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) Number of loans Period end balance Number of loans Period end balance Commercial 0 $ 0 1 $ 143 Real estate - construction 0 0 0 0 Real estate - commercial 4 1,146 0 0 Real estate - residential 1 73 2 36 Installment 0 0 1 1 Home equity 0 0 3 93 Total 5 $ 1,219 7 $ 273 Impaired Loans. Loans classified as nonaccrual, excluding purchased impaired loans, and loans modified as TDRs are considered impaired. The following table provides information on nonaccrual loans, TDRs and total impaired loans. (Dollars in thousands) June 30, 2015 December 31, 2014 Impaired loans Nonaccrual loans (1) Commercial $ 7,069 $ 6,627 Real estate-construction 223 223 Real estate-commercial 21,680 27,969 Real estate-residential 5,257 7,241 Installment 305 451 Home equity 5,139 5,958 Nonaccrual loans (1) 39,673 48,469 Accruing troubled debt restructurings 20,084 15,928 Total impaired loans $ 59,757 $ 64,397 (1) Nonaccrual loans include nonaccrual TDRs of $14.1 million and $12.3 million as of June 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 , respectively. Three months ended Six months ended June 30, June 30, (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Interest income effect on impaired loans Gross amount of interest that would have been recorded under original terms $ 931 $ 754 $ 1,898 $ 1,633 Interest included in income Nonaccrual loans 108 93 279 177 Troubled debt restructurings 136 102 268 211 Total interest included in income 244 195 547 388 Net impact on interest income $ 687 $ 559 $ 1,351 $ 1,245 Commitments outstanding to borrowers with nonaccrual loans as of June 30 $ 0 $ 70 First Financial individually reviews all impaired commercial loan relationships greater than $250,000 , as well as consumer loan TDRs greater than $100,000 , to determine if a specific allowance is necessary based on the borrower’s overall financial condition, resources and payment record, support from guarantors and the realizable value of any collateral. Specific allowances are based on discounted cash flows using the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. First Financial's investment in impaired loans was as follows: As of June 30, 2015 (Dollars in thousands) Current balance Contractual principal balance Related allowance Average current balance YTD interest income recognized Quarterly interest income recognized Loans with no related allowance recorded Commercial $ 9,681 $ 11,923 $ 0 $ 8,647 $ 106 $ 61 Real estate - construction 223 443 0 223 0 0 Real estate - commercial 17,667 22,657 0 19,894 186 78 Real estate - residential 7,659 9,009 0 8,606 92 45 Installment 365 397 0 406 4 2 Home equity 5,573 7,929 0 5,754 39 20 Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 41,168 52,358 0 43,530 427 206 Loans with an allowance recorded Commercial 1,164 1,175 611 1,727 10 7 Real estate - construction 0 0 0 0 0 0 Real estate - commercial 15,756 18,612 2,898 15,762 91 22 Real estate - residential 1,568 1,579 235 1,792 18 9 Installment 0 0 0 0 0 0 Home equity 101 101 2 101 1 0 Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 18,589 21,467 3,746 19,382 120 38 Total Commercial 10,845 13,098 611 10,374 116 68 Real estate - construction 223 443 0 223 0 0 Real estate - commercial 33,423 41,269 2,898 35,656 277 100 Real estate - residential 9,227 10,588 235 10,398 110 54 Installment 365 397 0 406 4 2 Home equity 5,674 8,030 2 5,855 40 20 Other 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 59,757 $ 73,825 $ 3,746 $ 62,912 $ 547 $ 244 As of and for the year December 31, 2014 (Dollars in thousands) Current balance Contractual principal balance Related allowance Average current balance Interest income recognized Loans with no related allowance recorded Commercial $ 7,611 $ 9,284 $ 0 $ 7,146 $ 146 Real estate - construction 223 443 0 223 0 Real estate - commercial 19,285 23,631 0 15,653 285 Real estate - residential 9,561 10,867 0 9,485 182 Installment 514 577 0 513 8 Home equity 6,246 9,041 0 5,658 85 Other 0 0 0 0 0 Total 43,440 53,843 0 38,678 706 Loans with an allowance recorded Commercial 2,398 2,605 739 4,234 57 Real estate - construction 0 0 0 0 0 Real estate - commercial 16,439 17,662 4,002 11,471 187 Real estate - residential 2,019 2,080 310 2,088 40 Installment 0 0 0 0 0 Home equity 101 101 2 101 3 Other 0 0 0 0 0 Total 20,957 22,448 5,053 17,894 287 Total Commercial 10,009 11,889 739 11,380 203 Real estate - construction 223 443 0 223 0 Real estate - commercial 35,724 41,293 4,002 27,124 472 Real estate - residential 11,580 12,947 310 11,573 222 Installment 514 577 0 513 8 Home equity 6,347 9,142 2 5,759 88 Other 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 64,397 $ 76,291 $ 5,053 $ 56,572 $ 993 OREO. OREO is comprised of properties acquired by the Company primarily through the loan foreclosure or repossession process, or other resolution activity that results in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans. Changes in OREO were as follows: Three months ended Six months ended June 30, June 30, (Dollars in thousands) 2015 (1) 2014 (1) 2015 (1) 2014 (1) Balance at beginning of period $ 20,906 $ 35,791 $ 22,674 $ 46,926 Additions Commercial 394 3,764 2,567 5,328 Residential 747 1,236 1,805 1,634 Total additions 1,141 5,000 4,372 6,962 Disposals Commercial 4,397 6,139 8,542 17,977 Residential 724 682 1,136 926 Total disposals 5,121 6,821 9,678 18,903 Valuation adjustment Commercial 362 1,076 780 2,006 Residential 163 85 187 170 Total valuation adjustment 525 1,161 967 2,176 Balance at end of period $ 16,401 $ 32,809 $ 16,401 $ 32,809 (1) Includes OREO subject to loss sharing agreements of $0.5 million and $19.4 million at June 30, 2015 and 2014 , respectively. FDIC indemnification asset. Changes in the balance of the FDIC indemnification asset and the related impact to the Consolidated Statements of Income are presented in the table that follows: Three months ended Six months ended June 30, June 30, (Dollars in thousands) 2015 2014 2015 2014 Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Income Balance at beginning of period $ 20,397 $ 39,003 $ 22,666 $ 45,091 Adjustments not reflected in income Net FDIC claims (received) / paid 1,420 (5,895 ) 1,624 (5,999 ) Adjustments reflected in income Amortization (1,175 ) (1,313 ) (2,370 ) (2,729 ) Interest income, other earning assets FDIC loss sharing income (304 ) 1,108 (1,350 ) 600 Noninterest income, FDIC loss sharing income Offset to accelerated discount 0 (2,483 ) (232 ) (6,543 ) Noninterest income, accelerated discount on covered loans Impairment valuation adjustment 0 0 0 0 Noninterest expenses, FDIC indemnification impairment Balance at end of period $ 20,338 $ 30,420 $ 20,338 $ 30,420 The accounting for FDIC indemnification assets is closely related to the accounting for the underlying, indemnified assets as well as on-going assessment of the collectibility of the indemnification assets. The primary activities impacting the FDIC indemnification asset are FDIC claims, amortization, FDIC loss sharing income and accelerated discount. FDIC claims - First Financial files quarterly certifications with the FDIC and submits claims for losses, valuation adjustments and collection expenses incurred, less recoveries of any previous amounts claimed that are reimbursable back to the FDIC, as allowed under the loss sharing agreements. Cash reimbursements are generally received within 30 days of filing and are recorded as a credit to the indemnification asset balance, thus reducing its carrying value. Amortization - As the yield on covered loans increased over time as a result of improvement in the expected cash flows on covered loans, the yield on the indemnification asset declined. The yield on the indemnification asset became negative in the first quarter of 2011 at which time the indemnification asset began to decline through monthly amortization at the negative yield. FDIC loss sharing income - FDIC loss sharing income represents the proportionate share of credit costs on covered assets that First Financial expects to receive from the FDIC. Credit costs on covered assets include provision expense on covered loans, losses on covered OREO and other covered collection and asset resolution costs recorded as loss sharing expense under noninterest expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Offset to accelerated discount - Accelerated discounts on covered loans occur when covered loans prepay and represent the accelerated recognition of the remaining discount that would have been recognized over the life of the loan had the loan not prepaid. In conjunction with the recognition of accelerated discount, First Financial also recognizes a related offset through noninterest income and reduction to the indemnification asset for a portion of the discount representing expected credit loss included in the discount recorded at acquisition. |