LOANS (excluding covered loans) | Loans and Leases First Financial offers clients a variety of commercial and consumer loan and lease products with various interest rates and payment terms. Commercial loan categories include C&I, CRE, construction real estate and lease financing. Consumer loan categories include residential real estate, home equity, installment and credit card. Lending activities are primarily concentrated in states where the Bank operates banking centers (Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky and Illinois). First Financial also offers two nationwide lending platforms, one that provides equipment and leasehold improvement financing for franchisees in the quick service and casual dining restaurant sector and another that provides loans primarily to insurance agents and brokers that are secured by commissions and cash collateral accounts. Credit quality. To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality for commercial loans, and for purposes of determining an appropriate ALLL, First Financial utilizes the following categories of credit grades: Pass - Higher quality loans that do not fit any of the other categories described below. Special Mention - First Financial assigns a special mention rating to loans and leases with potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or lease or in First Financial's credit position at some future date. Substandard - First Financial assigns a substandard rating to loans or leases that are inadequately protected by the current sound financial worth and paying capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans and leases have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize repayment of the debt. Substandard loans and leases are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not addressed. Doubtful - First Financial assigns a doubtful rating to loans and leases with all of the attributes of a substandard rating with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the credit quality of the loan or lease, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include proposed merger, acquisition or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans. The credit grades previously described are derived from standard regulatory rating definitions and are assigned upon initial approval of credit to borrowers and updated periodically thereafter. First Financial considers repayment performance as the best indicator of credit quality for consumer loans. Consumer loans that have principal and interest payments that are past due by 90 days or more are generally classified as nonperforming. Additionally, consumer loans that have been modified in a TDR are classified as nonperforming. Purchased impaired loans are not classified as nonperforming as the loans are considered to be performing under FASB ASC Topic 310-30. Commercial and consumer credit exposure by risk attribute was as follows: As of December 31, 2019 Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) Commercial & industrial Construction Commercial Lease financing Total Pass $ 2,324,021 $ 493,182 $ 4,108,752 $ 85,262 $ 7,011,217 Special Mention 100,954 0 59,383 488 160,825 Substandard 40,902 0 26,516 2,614 70,032 Doubtful 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 2,465,877 $ 493,182 $ 4,194,651 $ 88,364 $ 7,242,074 Residential real estate Home equity Installment Credit card Total Performing $ 1,040,787 $ 766,169 $ 82,385 $ 48,983 $ 1,938,324 Nonperforming 15,162 5,700 204 201 21,267 Total $ 1,055,949 $ 771,869 $ 82,589 $ 49,184 $ 1,959,591 As of December 31, 2018 Real Estate (Dollars in thousands) Commercial & industrial Construction Commercial Lease financing Total Pass $ 2,432,834 $ 548,323 $ 3,664,434 $ 90,902 $ 6,736,493 Special Mention 24,594 603 38,653 0 63,850 Substandard 57,233 9 51,594 2,513 111,349 Doubtful 0 0 0 0 0 Total $ 2,514,661 $ 548,935 $ 3,754,681 $ 93,415 $ 6,911,692 Residential real estate Home equity Installment Credit card Total Performing $ 939,936 $ 811,108 $ 93,038 $ 46,382 $ 1,890,464 Nonperforming 15,710 6,174 174 0 22,058 Total $ 955,646 $ 817,282 $ 93,212 $ 46,382 $ 1,912,522 Delinquency. Loans are considered past due or delinquent when the contractual principal or interest due in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement or any portion thereof remains unpaid after the due date of the scheduled payment. Loan delinquency, including nonaccrual loans, was as follows: As of December 31, 2019 (Dollars in thousands) 30 – 59 days past due 60 – 89 days past due > 90 days past due Total past due Current Subtotal Purchased impaired Total > 90 days past due and still accruing Loans Commercial & industrial $ 1,266 $ 3,332 $ 14,518 $ 19,116 $ 2,443,680 $ 2,462,796 $ 3,081 $ 2,465,877 $ 0 Lease financing 0 0 0 0 88,364 88,364 0 88,364 0 Construction real estate 0 0 0 0 493,167 493,167 15 493,182 0 Commercial real estate 776 857 5,613 7,246 4,151,513 4,158,759 35,892 4,194,651 0 Residential real estate 8,032 1,928 5,031 14,991 1,014,138 1,029,129 26,820 1,055,949 0 Home equity 2,530 1,083 2,795 6,408 762,863 769,271 2,598 771,869 0 Installment 111 50 148 309 82,022 82,331 258 82,589 0 Credit card 208 75 201 484 48,700 49,184 0 49,184 201 Total $ 12,923 $ 7,325 $ 28,306 $ 48,554 $ 9,084,447 $ 9,133,001 $ 68,664 $ 9,201,665 $ 201 As of December 31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) 30 - 59 days past due 60 - 89 days past due > 90 days past due Total past due Current Subtotal Purchased impaired Total > 90 days past due and still accruing Loans Commercial & industrial $ 13,369 $ 41 $ 7,423 $ 20,833 $ 2,488,450 $ 2,509,283 $ 5,378 $ 2,514,661 $ 0 Lease financing 352 0 0 352 93,063 93,415 0 93,415 0 Construction real estate 0 0 0 0 548,687 548,687 248 548,935 0 Commercial real estate 6,279 1,158 12,644 20,081 3,682,455 3,702,536 52,145 3,754,681 0 Residential real estate 11,060 2,976 4,535 18,571 902,404 920,975 34,671 955,646 0 Home equity 5,245 1,228 2,578 9,051 804,835 813,886 3,396 817,282 0 Installment 420 37 145 602 92,128 92,730 482 93,212 0 Credit card 541 96 63 700 45,682 46,382 0 46,382 63 Total $ 37,266 $ 5,536 $ 27,388 $ 70,190 $ 8,657,704 $ 8,727,894 $ 96,320 $ 8,824,214 $ 63 Nonaccrual. Loans are classified as nonaccrual when, in the opinion of management, collection of principal or interest is doubtful or when principal or interest payments are 90 days or more past due. Generally, loans are classified as nonaccrual due to the continued failure to adhere to contractual payment terms by the borrower, coupled with other pertinent factors. When a loan is classified as nonaccrual, the accrual of interest income is discontinued and previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed. Any payments received while a loan is on nonaccrual status are applied as a reduction to the carrying value of the loan. A loan classified as nonaccrual may return to accrual status if none of the principal and interest is due and unpaid, and the Bank expects repayment of the remaining contractual principal and interest. Purchased impaired loans are classified as performing, even though they may be contractually past due, as any nonpayment of contractual principal or interest is considered in the periodic re-estimation of expected cash flows and is included in the resulting recognition of current period provision for loan and lease losses or prospective yield adjustments. Troubled debt restructurings. A loan modification is considered a TDR when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and concessions are made by the Company that would not otherwise be considered for a borrower with similar credit characteristics. The most common types of modifications include interest rate reductions, maturity extensions and modifications to principal amortization, including interest-only structures. Modified terms are dependent upon the financial position and needs of the individual borrower. If the modification agreement is violated, the loan is managed by the Company’s credit administration group for resolution, which may result in foreclosure in the case of real estate. TDRs are generally classified as nonaccrual for a minimum period of six months and may qualify for return to accrual status once they have demonstrated performance with the restructured terms of the loan agreement. First Financial had 157 TDRs totaling $30.0 million at December 31, 2019 , including $11.4 million of loans on accrual status and $18.5 million of loans classified as nonaccrual. First Financial had $2.5 million commitments outstanding to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms had been modified through TDRs, and the ALLL included reserves of $2.5 million related to TDRs as of December 31, 2019 . For the years ended December 31, 2019 , 2018 and 2017 , First Financial charged off $2.6 million , $0.9 million and $0.3 million , respectively, for the portion of TDRs determined to be uncollectible. Additionally, as of December 31, 2019 , approximately $4.7 million of the accruing TDRs have been performing in accordance with the restructured terms for more than one year. First Financial had 196 TDRs totaling $38.5 million at December 31, 2018 , including $16.1 million of loans on accrual status and $22.4 million of loans classified as nonaccrual. First Financial had no commitments outstanding to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms had been modified through TDRs. At December 31, 2018 the ALLL included reserves of $1.5 million related to TDRs, and $7.9 million of the accruing TDRs had been performing in accordance with the restructured terms for more than one year. First Financial had 214 TDRs totaling $23.9 million at December 31, 2017 , including $17.5 million of loans on accrual status and $6.4 million of loans classified as nonaccrual. First Financial had an insignificant amount of commitments outstanding to lend additional funds to borrowers whose loan terms had been modified through TDRs. At December 31, 2017 , the ALLL included reserves of $1.3 million related to TDRs, and $17.2 million of the accruing TDRs had been performing in accordance with the restructured terms for more than one year. The following table provides information on loan modifications classified as TDRs during the years ended December 31, 2019 , 2018 and 2017 : Years ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Number of loans Pre-modification loan balance Period end balance Number of loans Pre-modification loan balance Period end balance Number of loans Pre-modification loan balance Period end balance Commercial & industrial 8 $ 25,009 $ 25,071 17 $ 23,943 $ 23,890 7 $ 5,724 $ 5,661 Construction real estate 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial real estate 9 3,024 2,932 8 3,385 3,150 8 1,816 1,758 Residential real estate 30 3,415 3,062 13 1,148 1,073 6 416 315 Home equity 14 395 366 5 95 192 1 39 39 Installment 2 41 39 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 63 $ 31,884 $ 31,470 43 $ 28,571 $ 28,305 22 $ 7,995 $ 7,773 The following table provides information on how TDRs were modified during the years ended December 31, 2019 , 2018 and 2017 : Years Ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Extended maturities $ 2,877 $ 4,093 $ 3,261 Adjusted interest rates 5,284 52 2,767 Combination of rate and maturity changes 516 0 489 Forbearance 20,320 23,175 1,181 Other (1) 2,473 985 75 Total $ 31,470 $ 28,305 $ 7,773 (1) Other includes covenant modifications and other concessions or combination of concessions that do not consist of interest rate adjustments, forbearance and maturity extensions. First Financial considers repayment performance as an indication of the effectiveness of the Company's loan modifications. Borrowers that are 90 days or more past due on any principal or interest payments, or who prematurely terminate a restructured loan agreement without paying off the contractual principal balance, are considered to be in payment default of the terms of the TDR agreement. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 , there were three TDRs with a balance of $7.0 million for which there was a payment default during the period that occurred within twelve months of the loan modification. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 , there was one TDR with an insignificant balance for which there was a payment default during the period that occurred within twelve months of the loan modification. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2017 , there was one TDR with a balance $1.5 million for which there was a payment default during the period that occurred within twelve months of the loan modification. Impaired loans. Loans classified as nonaccrual and loans modified as TDRs are considered impaired. The following table provides information on impaired loans, excluding purchased impaired loans, as of December 31: (Dollars in thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Impaired loans Nonaccrual loans (1) Commercial & industrial $ 24,346 $ 30,925 $ 5,229 Lease financing 223 22 82 Construction real estate 0 9 29 Commercial real estate 7,295 20,500 10,616 Residential real estate 10,892 13,495 4,140 Home equity 5,242 5,580 3,743 Installment 167 169 243 Total nonaccrual loans 48,165 70,700 24,082 Accruing troubled debt restructurings 11,435 16,109 17,545 Total impaired loans $ 59,600 $ 86,809 $ 41,627 Interest income effect Gross amount of interest that would have been recorded under original terms $ 5,813 $ 4,656 $ 3,397 Interest included in income Nonaccrual loans 1,042 715 535 Troubled debt restructurings 801 642 710 Total interest included in income 1,843 1,357 1,245 Net impact on interest income $ 3,970 $ 3,299 $ 2,152 Commitments outstanding to borrowers with nonaccrual loans $ 3 $ 200 $ 0 (1) Nonaccrual loans include nonaccrual TDRs of $18.5 million , $22.4 million and $6.4 million as of December 31, 2019 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively. First Financial individually reviews all impaired commercial loan relationships greater than $250,000 , as well as consumer loan TDRs greater than $250,000 , to determine if a specific allowance is necessary based on the borrower’s overall financial condition, resources, and payment record, support from guarantors and the realizable value of any collateral. Specific allowances are based on discounted cash flows using the loan's initial effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral for certain collateral dependent loans. First Financial's investment in impaired loans, excluding purchased impaired loans, is as follows: December 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 (Dollars in thousands) Current balance Contractual principal balance Related allowance Current balance Contractual Related Loans with no related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial $ 16,726 $ 19,709 $ 0 $ 36,694 $ 42,561 $ 0 Lease financing 223 223 0 22 22 0 Construction real estate 0 0 0 9 26 0 Commercial real estate 10,160 17,897 0 23,513 31,375 0 Residential real estate 14,868 17,368 0 17,297 19,975 0 Home equity 5,700 6,462 0 6,351 7,461 0 Installment 204 341 0 174 563 0 Total 47,881 62,000 0 84,060 101,983 0 Loans with an allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 10,754 21,513 2,044 939 939 667 Lease financing 0 0 0 0 0 0 Construction real estate 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial real estate 671 675 113 1,509 1,509 461 Residential real estate 294 294 18 301 301 32 Home equity 0 0 0 0 0 0 Installment 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 11,719 22,482 2,175 2,749 2,749 1,160 Total Commercial & industrial 27,480 41,222 2,044 37,633 43,500 667 Lease financing 223 223 0 22 22 0 Construction real estate 0 0 0 9 26 0 Commercial real estate 10,831 18,572 113 25,022 32,884 461 Residential real estate 15,162 17,662 18 17,598 20,276 32 Home equity 5,700 6,462 0 6,351 7,461 0 Installment 204 341 0 174 563 0 Total $ 59,600 $ 84,482 $ 2,175 $ 86,809 $ 104,732 $ 1,160 Years ended December 31, 2019 2018 2017 (Dollars in thousands) Average balance Interest Average balance Interest income recognized Average Interest Loans with no related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial $ 31,846 $ 926 $ 14,498 $ 360 $ 13,167 $ 280 Lease financing 168 0 21 0 112 4 Construction real estate 6 0 20 2 601 1 Commercial real estate 18,757 357 24,738 490 20,935 563 Residential real estate 15,915 307 11,359 301 7,616 196 Home equity 5,893 121 5,541 114 4,032 99 Installment 170 2 274 2 332 4 Total 72,755 1,713 56,451 1,269 46,795 1,147 Loans with an allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 4,721 87 900 44 1,204 28 Lease financing 57 0 0 0 0 0 Construction real estate 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial real estate 1,339 31 1,402 18 2,634 40 Residential real estate 446 12 895 23 1,112 26 Home equity 0 0 80 3 101 4 Installment 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 6,563 130 3,277 88 5,051 98 Total Commercial & industrial 36,567 1,013 15,398 404 14,371 308 Lease financing 225 0 21 0 112 4 Construction real estate 6 0 20 2 601 1 Commercial real estate 20,096 388 26,140 508 23,569 603 Residential real estate 16,361 319 12,254 324 8,728 222 Home equity 5,893 121 5,621 117 4,133 103 Installment 170 2 274 2 332 4 Total $ 79,318 $ 1,843 $ 59,728 $ 1,357 $ 51,846 $ 1,245 OREO. OREO is comprised of properties acquired by the Company primarily through the loan foreclosure or repossession process, that result in partial or total satisfaction of problem loans. Changes in OREO were as follows: Years ended December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2019 2018 2017 Balance at beginning of year $ 1,401 $ 2,781 $ 6,284 Additions Commercial 415 1,269 1,732 Residential 2,033 1,913 2,387 Total additions 2,448 3,182 4,119 Disposals Commercial (541 ) (2,967 ) (5,409 ) Residential (912 ) (830 ) (1,574 ) Total disposals (1,453 ) (3,797 ) (6,983 ) Valuation adjustments Commercial (112 ) (355 ) (439 ) Residential (251 ) (410 ) (200 ) Total valuation adjustments (363 ) (765 ) (639 ) Balance at end of year $ 2,033 $ 1,401 $ 2,781 |