Loans | NOTE 4 – LOANS Loan balances at year end were as follows: 2024 2023 (In Thousands of Dollars) Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 391,302 $ 399,273 Non-owner occupied 695,699 712,315 Farmland 206,786 202,950 Other 295,713 224,218 Commercial Commercial and industrial 349,966 346,354 Agricultural 55,606 58,338 Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 845,081 843,697 Home equity lines of credit 158,014 142,441 Consumer Indirect 232,822 226,815 Direct 19,143 23,805 Other 7,989 9,164 Total originated loans $ 3,258,121 $ 3,189,370 Net deferred loan costs 10,225 8,757 Allowance for credit losses ( 35,863 ) ( 34,440 ) Net loans $ 3,232,483 $ 3,163,687 Allowance for credit loss activity The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022: December 31, 2024 Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total (In Thousands of Dollars) Allowance for credit losses Beginning balance $ 18,150 $ 5,087 $ 6,916 $ 4,287 $ 34,440 Provision for credit losses 5,706 763 333 1,442 8,244 Loans charged off ( 4,619 ) ( 1,742 ) ( 155 ) ( 1,471 ) ( 7,987 ) Recoveries 22 520 177 447 1,166 Total ending allowance balance $ 19,259 $ 4,628 $ 7,271 $ 4,705 $ 35,863 December 31, 2023 Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total (In Thousands of Dollars) Allowance for credit losses Beginning balance $ 14,840 $ 4,186 $ 4,374 $ 3,578 $ 26,978 PCD ACL on loans acquired 850 138 11 0 999 Provision for credit losses 2,808 1,931 2,834 1,145 8,718 Loans charged off ( 349 ) ( 1,272 ) ( 384 ) ( 932 ) ( 2,937 ) Recoveries 1 104 81 496 682 Total ending allowance balance $ 18,150 $ 5,087 $ 6,916 $ 4,287 $ 34,440 December 31, 2022 Commercial Commercial Residential Consumer Total Allowance for credit losses Beginning balance $ 15,879 $ 4,949 $ 4,870 $ 3,688 $ 29,386 Provision for credit losses ( 742 ) 1,204 ( 493 ) 281 250 Loans charged off ( 300 ) ( 2,042 ) ( 92 ) ( 870 ) ( 3,304 ) Recoveries 3 75 89 479 646 Total ending allowance balance $ 14,840 $ 4,186 $ 4,374 $ 3,578 $ 26,978 The cumulative loss rate used as the basis for the estimate of credit losses is comprised of the Company's historical loss experience from December 31, 2011 to December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the Company expects that the markets in which it operates will experience minimal changes to economic conditions, with a stable trend in unemployment, and a level trend of delinquencies. Management adjusted historical loss experience for these expectations. No reversion adjustments were necessary, as the starting point for the Company's estimate was a cumulative loss rate covering the expected contractual term of the portfolio. While there are many factors that go into the calculation of the allowance for credit losses, the change in the balances from December 31, 2023 to December 31, 2024 is largely attributed to an increase in the specific reserve related to the individual evaluation of a commercial real estate non-owner occupied loan, adjustments made to the Portfolio Composition and Growth qualitative factor and increased loan balances. These factors were partially offset by the reduction of the specific reserve related to a loan settlement, reduction of specific reserve related to payoff of another individually evaluated relationship, and improved loss rates for certain loan pools under the PD/LGD methodology. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due over 89 days still accruing as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023: (In Thousands of Dollars) Nonaccrual with no allowance for credit loss Nonaccrual with an allowance for credit loss Loans past due over 89 days still accruing December 31, 2024 Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 0 $ 937 $ 0 Non-owner occupied 0 8,105 0 Farmland 1,757 3 0 Other 0 0 525 Commercial Commercial and industrial 145 3,713 0 Agricultural 177 183 0 Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 513 3,967 90 Home equity lines of credit 94 409 0 Consumer Indirect 37 463 0 Direct 66 34 0 Other 0 0 0 Total loans $ 2,789 $ 17,814 $ 615 (In Thousands of Dollars) Nonaccrual with no allowance for credit loss Nonaccrual with an allowance for credit loss Loans past due over 89 days still accruing December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 1,804 $ 830 $ 0 Non-owner occupied 19 1,491 0 Farmland 1,957 9 0 Other 0 80 0 Commercial Commercial and industrial 394 1,408 0 Agricultural 203 317 0 Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 348 3,009 460 Home equity lines of credit 240 210 69 Consumer Indirect 22 300 125 Direct 65 69 1 Other 0 5 0 Total loans $ 5,052 $ 7,728 $ 655 The above table for the period ending December 31, 2024 does not include a $ 1.52 million owner occupied commercial real estate loan and a $ 77 thousand commercial & industrial loan that are held-for-sale and in nonaccrual status. The above table for the period ending December 31, 2023 does not include a $ 1.63 million non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan that is held-for-sale and in nonaccrual status. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class of loans as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023: (In Thousands of Dollars) Real Estate Business Assets Vehicles Cash December 31, 2024 Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Non-owner occupied 8,119 0 0 0 Farmland 1,757 0 0 0 Other 0 0 0 0 Commercial Commercial and industrial 0 2,591 0 0 Agricultural 0 177 0 0 Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 3,573 0 0 0 Home equity lines of credit 264 0 0 0 Consumer Indirect 0 0 70 0 Direct 0 0 9 66 Other 0 0 0 0 Total loans $ 13,713 $ 2,768 $ 79 $ 66 (In Thousands of Dollars) Real Estate Business Assets Vehicles Cash December 31, 2023 Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 1,804 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Non-owner occupied 1,335 0 0 0 Farmland 1,957 0 0 0 Other 0 0 0 0 Commercial Commercial and industrial 94 867 0 0 Agricultural 0 203 0 0 Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 3,352 0 0 0 Home equity lines of credit 294 0 0 0 Consumer Indirect 0 0 53 0 Direct 0 0 19 66 Other 0 0 0 0 Total loans $ 8,836 $ 1,070 $ 72 $ 66 The following tables present the aging of the amortized cost basis in past due loans as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 by class of loans: December 31, 2024 30-59 60-89 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Loans Not Total (In Thousands of Dollars) Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 95 $ 446 $ 937 $ 1,478 $ 389,630 $ 391,108 Non-owner occupied 15 52 8,105 8,172 687,112 695,284 Farmland 53 0 1,760 1,813 204,787 206,600 Other 0 113 525 638 294,543 295,181 Commercial Commercial and industrial 941 324 3,858 5,123 346,410 351,533 Agricultural 284 26 360 670 55,759 56,429 Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 6,688 1,943 4,570 13,201 832,338 845,539 Home equity lines of credit 104 0 503 607 157,532 158,139 Consumer Indirect 1,385 473 500 2,358 238,997 241,355 Direct 59 30 100 189 18,996 19,185 Other 0 1 0 1 7,992 7,993 Total loans $ 9,624 $ 3,408 $ 21,218 $ 34,250 $ 3,234,096 $ 3,268,346 December 31, 2023 30-59 60-89 90 Days or More Past Due Total Past Loans Not Total Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 302 $ 293 $ 2,634 $ 3,229 $ 395,799 $ 399,028 Non-owner occupied 90 0 1,510 1,600 710,195 711,795 Farmland 365 0 1,966 2,331 200,395 202,726 Other 0 0 80 80 223,697 223,777 Commercial Commercial and industrial 540 199 1,802 2,541 345,278 347,819 Agricultural 292 40 520 852 58,223 59,075 Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 6,819 4,488 3,817 15,124 828,437 843,561 Home equity lines of credit 729 34 519 1,282 141,189 142,471 Consumer Indirect 2,045 289 447 2,781 232,105 234,886 Direct 153 23 135 311 23,514 23,825 Other 4 0 5 9 9,155 9,164 Total loans: $ 11,339 $ 5,366 $ 13,435 $ 30,140 $ 3,167,987 $ 3,198,127 Loan Restructurings: The Company adopted the accounting guidance in ASU No. 2022-02, effective as of January 1, 2023 , which eliminates the recognition and measurement of troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"). Due to the removal of the TDR designation, the Company evaluates all loan restructurings according to the accounting guidance for loan modifications to determine if the restructuring results in a new loan or a continuation of the existing loan. Loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that result in a direct change in the timing or amount of contractual cash flows include situations where there is principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, other-than-insignificant payment delays, term extensions, and combinations of the listed modifications. Therefore, the disclosures related to loan restructurings are only for modifications that directly affect cash flows. Any restructuring of a loan in which the borrower has experienced financial difficulty and the terms of the loan are more favorable than would generally be considered for borrowers with the same credit characteristics would be individually evaluated. Otherwise, the restructured loan remains in the appropriate segment in the ACL model. The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, by class and type of modification at December 31, 2024 and 2023. The percentage of the amortized cost basis of loans that were modified to borrowers in financial distress as compared to the amortized cost basis of each class of financing receivable is also presented below: December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost (In Thousands of Dollars) Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Residential real estate Home equity lines of credit $ 0 $ 29 $ 19 $ 48 0.03 % Total modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty $ 0 $ 29 $ 19 $ 48 0.00 % December 31, 2023 Amortized Cost (In Thousands of Dollars) Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Total % of Total Class of Financing Receivable Residential real estate 1-4 family residential $ 48 $ 30 $ 132 $ 210 0.03 % Total modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty $ 48 $ 30 $ 132 $ 210 0.01 % As of December 31, 2024, the Company had no commitments to lend any additional funds to the borrowers included in the previous tables. The Company closely monitors the performance of the loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following tables present the performance of such loans that have been modified in the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023: December 31, 2024 Payment status (Amortized cost Basis) (In Thousands of Dollars) Current 30-89 Days past due 90+ Days past due Accrual restructured loans Residential real estate Home equity lines of credit $ 0 $ 19 $ 0 Total accruing restructured loans $ 0 $ 19 $ 0 Nonaccrual restructured loans Residential real estate Home equity lines of credit $ 0 $ 0 $ 29 Total nonaccrual restructured loans $ 0 $ 0 $ 29 Total restructured loans $ 0 $ 19 $ 29 December 31, 2023 Payment status (Amortized cost Basis) (In Thousands of Dollars) Current 30-89 Days past due 90+ Days past due Accrual restructured loans Residential real estate 1-4 family residential $ 132 $ 30 $ 0 Total accruing restructured loans $ 132 $ 30 $ 0 Nonaccrual restructured loans Residential real estate 1-4 family residential $ 48 $ 0 $ 0 Total nonaccrual restructured loans $ 48 $ 0 $ 0 Total restructured loans $ 180 $ 30 $ 0 The following tables present the financial effect of the loan modifications presented above to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023: Payment Deferral Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension Weighted-Average Years Added to the Life Weighted-Average Contractual Interest Rate Weighted-Average Years Added to the Life December 31, 2024 From To Residential real estate Home equity lines of credit 10.45 % 5.91 % 10 Payment Deferral Interest Rate Reduction Term Extension Weighted-Average Years Added to the Life Weighted-Average Contractual Interest Rate Weighted-Average Years Added to the Life December 31, 2023 From To Residential real estate 1-4 family residential 4.77 % 3.38 % 6.3 The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans that had a payment default during the year ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 and were modified in the twelve months prior to that default to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For purposes of this disclosure a default occurs when within 12 months of the original modification, a loan is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms: December 31, 2024 Amortized Cost (In Thousands of Dollars) Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Residential real estate Home equity lines of credit 0 29 19 Total modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty $ 0 $ 29 $ 19 December 31, 2023 Amortized Cost (In Thousands of Dollars) Term Extension Interest Rate Reduction Combination Term Extension and Interest Rate Reduction Residential real estate 1-4 family residential $ 0 $ 30 $ 0 Total modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty $ 0 $ 30 $ 0 Upon the Company's determination that a modified loan (or portion of a loan) has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan (or portion of the loan) is written off. Therefore, the amortized cost basis of the loan is reduced by the uncollectible amount and the allowance of credit losses is adjusted by the same amount. Credit Quality Indicators: The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company establishes a risk rating at origination for all commercial loan and commercial real estate relationships. For relationships over $ 3 million management, monitors the loans on an ongoing basis for any changes in the borrower’s ability to service their debt. Management also affirms the risk ratings for the loans and leases in their respective portfolios on an annual basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings: Special Mention. Loans classified as special mention have a potential weakness that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Substandard. Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Doubtful. Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. Loans not meeting the criteria above that are analyzed individually as part of the above described process are considered to be pass rated loans. Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by class of loans is as follows: December 31, 2024 Pass Special Sub Doubtful Total (In Thousands of Dollars) Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 383,556 $ 4,865 $ 2,687 $ 0 $ 391,108 Non-owner occupied 642,542 18,127 33,781 834 695,284 Farmland 204,348 0 2,252 0 206,600 Other 285,119 10,030 32 0 295,181 Commercial Commercial and industrial 340,580 462 10,491 0 351,533 Agricultural 56,005 61 363 0 56,429 Total loans $ 1,912,150 $ 33,545 $ 49,606 $ 834 $ 1,996,135 December 31, 2023 Pass Special Sub Total Commercial real estate Owner occupied $ 386,015 $ 9,628 $ 3,385 $ 399,028 Non-owner occupied 648,063 27,938 35,794 711,795 Farmland 200,240 0 2,486 202,726 Other 215,459 0 8,318 223,777 Commercial Commercial and industrial 334,764 646 12,409 347,819 Agricultural 58,506 17 552 59,075 Total loans $ 1,843,047 $ 38,229 $ 62,944 $ 1,944,220 The Company considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for credit losses. For residential, consumer and indirect loan classes, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The above table for the period ending December 31, 2024 does not include a $ 1.52 million owner occupied commercial real estate loan and a $ 77 thousand commercial & industrial loan that are held-for-sale and risk-rated substandard. The above table for the period ending December 31, 2023 does not include a $ 1.63 million non-owner occupied commercial real estate loan that is held-for-sale and risk-rated substandard. In the 1-4 family residential real estate portfolio at December 31, 2024, other real estate owned and foreclosure properties were $ 52 thousand and $ 631 thousand, respectively. In the 1-4 family residential real estate portfolio at December 31, 2023, other real estate owned and foreclosure properties were $ 92 thousand and $ 207 thousand, respectively. The following table presents the amortized cost in residential, consumer and indirect auto loans based on payment activity. Nonperforming loans are loans past due 90 days and still accruing interest and nonaccrual loans. Residential Real Estate Consumer December 31, 2024 1-4 Family Residential Home Equity Lines of Credit Indirect Direct Other (In Thousands of Dollars) Performing $ 840,969 $ 157,636 $ 240,855 $ 19,085 $ 7,993 Nonperforming 4,570 503 500 100 0 Total loans $ 845,539 $ 158,139 $ 241,355 $ 19,185 $ 7,993 Residential Real Estate Consumer December 31, 2023 1-4 Family Residential Home Equity Lines of Credit Indirect Direct Other Performing $ 839,744 $ 141,952 $ 234,439 $ 23,690 $ 9,159 Nonperforming 3,817 519 447 135 5 Total loans $ 843,561 $ 142,471 $ 234,886 $ 23,825 $ 9,164 The following tables present total loans by risk categories and year of origination. Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year As of December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate - Owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass $ 45,588 $ 56,389 $ 46,323 $ 60,179 $ 45,428 $ 127,665 $ 1,984 $ 383,556 Special mention 0 3,228 0 1,118 0 519 0 4,865 Substandard 0 0 659 0 0 1,962 66 2,687 Total commercial real estate - Owner occupied loans $ 45,588 $ 59,617 $ 46,982 $ 61,297 $ 45,428 $ 130,146 $ 2,050 $ 391,108 Commercial real estate - Owner Occupied: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 72 $ 0 $ 21 $ 0 $ 0 $ 93 Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass $ 61,974 $ 44,323 $ 125,547 $ 78,933 $ 71,322 $ 251,465 $ 8,978 $ 642,542 Special mention 0 0 6,284 313 1,356 10,024 150 18,127 Substandard 7,065 407 0 11,249 7,129 7,931 0 33,781 Doubtful 0 0 0 834 0 0 0 834 Total commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied loans $ 69,039 $ 44,730 $ 131,831 $ 91,329 $ 79,807 $ 269,420 $ 9,128 $ 695,284 Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 4,380 $ 146 $ 0 $ 0 $ 4,526 Commercial real estate - Farmland: Risk Rating Pass $ 19,832 $ 20,803 $ 39,126 $ 18,734 $ 31,620 $ 71,162 $ 3,071 $ 204,348 Substandard 0 0 0 317 0 1,935 0 2,252 Total commercial real estate - Farmland loans $ 19,832 $ 20,803 $ 39,126 $ 19,051 $ 31,620 $ 73,097 $ 3,071 $ 206,600 Commercial real estate - Farmland: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Commercial real estate - Other: Risk Rating Pass $ 40,993 $ 108,346 $ 65,724 $ 39,091 $ 8,493 $ 21,744 $ 728 $ 285,119 Special mention 0 990 7,480 112 0 1,448 0 10,030 Substandard 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 32 Total commercial real estate - Other loans $ 40,993 $ 109,336 $ 73,204 $ 39,203 $ 8,493 $ 23,224 $ 728 $ 295,181 Commercial real estate - Other: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) As of December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Total Commercial - Commercial and industrial: Risk Rating Pass $ 84,491 $ 72,388 $ 55,279 $ 26,780 $ 10,744 $ 20,223 $ 70,675 $ 340,580 Special mention 0 0 0 167 165 46 84 462 Substandard 31 118 5,653 282 244 1,682 2,481 10,491 Total commercial - Commercial and industrial loans $ 84,522 $ 72,506 $ 60,932 $ 27,229 $ 11,153 $ 21,951 $ 73,240 $ 351,533 Commercial - Commercial and industrial: Current period gross write-offs $ 48 $ 273 $ 389 $ 125 $ 228 $ 257 $ 313 $ 1,633 Commercial - Agricultural: Risk Rating Pass $ 9,085 $ 11,703 $ 13,160 $ 5,481 $ 1,768 $ 850 $ 13,958 $ 56,005 Special mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 61 61 Substandard 0 0 35 29 162 137 0 363 Total commercial - Agricultural loans $ 9,085 $ 11,703 $ 13,195 $ 5,510 $ 1,930 $ 987 $ 14,019 $ 56,429 Commercial - Agricultural: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 1 $ 49 $ 13 $ 29 $ 17 $ 0 $ 109 Residential real estate - 1-4 family residential: Payment Performance Performing $ 79,820 $ 69,319 $ 157,403 $ 153,569 $ 119,770 $ 257,827 $ 3,261 $ 840,969 Nonperforming 0 0 473 278 1,626 2,193 0 4,570 Total residential real estate - 1-4 family residential loans $ 79,820 $ 69,319 $ 157,876 $ 153,847 $ 121,396 $ 260,020 $ 3,261 $ 845,539 Residential real estate - 1-4 family residential: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 37 $ 0 $ 118 $ 0 $ 155 Residential real estate - Home equity lines of credit: Payment Performance Performing $ 0 $ 119 $ 153 $ 127 $ 68 $ 4,118 $ 153,051 $ 157,636 Nonperforming 0 0 29 0 0 376 98 503 Total residential real estate - Home equity lines of credit loans $ 0 $ 119 $ 182 $ 127 $ 68 $ 4,494 $ 153,149 $ 158,139 Residential real estate - Home equity lines of credit: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) As of December 31, 2024 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Prior Revolving Loans Total Consumer - Indirect: Payment Performance Performing $ 78,306 $ 55,525 $ 49,548 $ 23,331 $ 14,183 $ 19,962 $ 0 $ 240,855 Nonperforming 0 57 233 97 62 51 0 500 Total consumer - Indirect loans $ 78,306 $ 55,582 $ 49,781 $ 23,428 $ 14,245 $ 20,013 $ 0 $ 241,355 Consumer - Indirect: Current period gross write-offs $ 10 $ 100 $ 206 $ 192 $ 174 $ 430 $ 0 $ 1,112 Consumer - Direct: Payment Performance Performing $ 2,735 $ 2,319 $ 2,406 $ 1,075 $ 792 $ 9,432 $ 326 $ 19,085 Nonperforming 0 0 6 15 66 13 0 100 Total consumer - Direct loans $ 2,735 $ 2,319 $ 2,412 $ 1,090 $ 858 $ 9,445 $ 326 $ 19,185 Consumer - Direct: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 7 $ 38 $ 6 $ 5 $ 120 $ 0 $ 176 Consumer - Other: Payment Performance Performing $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 60 $ 0 $ 409 $ 7,524 $ 7,993 Nonperforming 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total consumer - Other loans $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 60 $ 0 $ 409 $ 7,524 $ 7,993 Consumer - Other: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 1 $ 0 $ 0 $ 182 $ 0 $ 183 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year As of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Total Commercial real estate - Owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass $ 57,983 $ 58,178 $ 66,205 $ 42,023 $ 48,849 $ 109,831 $ 2,946 $ 386,015 Special mention 0 293 0 8,779 0 556 0 9,628 Substandard 0 0 0 10 490 2,701 184 3,385 Total commercial real estate - Owner occupied loans $ 57,983 $ 58,471 $ 66,205 $ 50,812 $ 49,339 $ 113,088 $ 3,130 $ 399,028 Commercial real estate - Owner Occupied: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1 $ 0 $ 0 $ 1 Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied: Risk Rating Pass $ 49,177 $ 135,433 $ 88,188 $ 77,713 $ 81,079 $ 205,729 $ 10,744 $ 648,063 Special mention 0 0 12,156 0 6,565 9,217 0 27,938 Substandard 0 0 3,972 10,037 3,492 17,794 499 35,794 Total commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied loans $ 49,177 $ 135,433 $ 104,316 $ 87,750 $ 91,136 $ 232,740 $ 11,243 $ 711,795 Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 144 $ 201 $ 0 $ 345 Commercial real estate - Farmland: Risk Rating Pass $ 22,576 $ 40,101 $ 20,890 $ 34,036 $ 18,634 $ 59,900 $ 4,103 $ 200,240 Substandard 0 0 330 0 26 2,130 0 2,486 Total commercial real estate - Farmland loans $ 22,576 $ 40,101 $ 21,220 $ 34,036 $ 18,660 $ 62,030 $ 4,103 $ 202,726 Commercial real estate - Farmland: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 3 $ 0 $ 3 Commercial real estate - Other: Risk Rating Pass $ 68,911 $ 56,753 $ 47,895 $ 9,063 $ 8,516 $ 23,269 $ 1,052 $ 215,459 Substandard 0 0 0 8,186 0 132 0 8,318 Total commercial real estate - Other loans $ 68,911 $ 56,753 $ 47,895 $ 17,249 $ 8,516 $ 23,401 $ 1,052 $ 223,777 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) As of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Total Commercial - Commercial and industrial: Risk Rating Pass $ 90,807 $ 85,255 $ 40,444 $ 21,794 $ 9,736 $ 23,030 $ 63,698 $ 334,764 Special mention 0 141 355 21 0 0 129 646 Substandard 195 3,551 980 404 1,077 699 5,503 12,409 Total commercial - Commercial and industrial loans $ 91,002 $ 88,947 $ 41,779 $ 22,219 $ 10,813 $ 23,729 $ 69,330 $ 347,819 Commercial - Commercial and industrial: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 178 $ 579 $ 11 $ 16 $ 394 $ 0 $ 1,178 Commercial - Agricultural: Risk Rating Pass $ 13,738 $ 17,368 $ 8,917 $ 3,584 $ 1,386 $ 1,133 $ 12,380 $ 58,506 Special mention 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 17 Substandard 0 33 118 225 24 152 0 552 Total commercial - Agricultural loans $ 13,738 $ 17,401 $ 9,035 $ 3,809 $ 1,410 $ 1,285 $ 12,397 $ 59,075 Commercial - Agricultural: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 15 $ 70 $ 3 $ 0 $ 6 $ 0 $ 94 Residential real estate - 1-4 family residential: Payment Performance Performing $ 63,365 $ 171,862 $ 164,469 $ 132,989 $ 49,380 $ 254,027 $ 3,652 $ 839,744 Nonperforming 37 58 312 1,645 115 1,650 0 3,817 Total residential real estate - 1-4 family residential loans $ 63,402 $ 171,920 $ 164,781 $ 134,634 $ 49,495 $ 255,677 $ 3,652 $ 843,561 Residential real estate - 1-4 family residential: Current period gross write-offs $ 52 $ 0 $ 49 $ 130 $ 0 $ 129 $ 0 $ 360 Residential real estate - Home equity lines of credit: Payment Performance Performing $ 0 $ 19 $ 14 $ 111 $ 51 $ 3,302 $ 138,455 $ 141,952 Nonperforming 0 26 13 15 0 465 0 519 Total residential real estate - Home equity lines of credit loans $ 0 $ 45 $ 27 $ 126 $ 51 $ 3,767 $ 138,455 $ 142,471 Residential real estate - Home equity lines of credit: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 8 $ 0 $ 16 $ 0 $ 24 Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year (Continued) As of December 31, 2023 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Prior Revolving Loans Total Consumer - Indirect: Payment Performance Performing $ 74,425 $ 71,705 $ 32,528 $ 21,163 $ 11,395 $ 23,223 $ 0 $ 234,439 Nonperforming 54 108 138 85 26 36 0 447 Total consumer - Indirect loans $ 74,479 $ 71,813 $ 32,666 $ 21,248 $ 11,421 $ 23,259 $ 0 $ 234,886 Consumer - Indirect: Current period gross write-offs $ 33 $ 138 $ 71 $ 35 $ 23 $ 232 $ 0 $ 532 Consumer - Direct: Payment Performance Performing $ 3,552 $ 3,812 $ 2,203 $ 1,352 $ 974 $ 11,431 $ 366 $ 23,690 Nonperforming 0 17 0 65 0 53 0 135 Total consumer - Direct loans $ 3,552 $ 3,829 $ 2,203 $ 1,417 $ 974 $ 11,484 $ 366 $ 23,825 Consumer - Direct: Current period gross write-offs $ 11 $ 38 $ 22 $ 51 $ 9 $ 100 $ 0 $ 231 Consumer - Other: Payment Performance Performing $ 0 $ 0 $ 60 $ 103 $ 82 $ 278 $ 8,636 $ 9,159 Nonperforming 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 Total consumer - Other loans $ 0 $ 0 $ 60 $ 103 $ 82 $ 283 $ 8,636 $ 9,164 Consumer - Other: Current period gross write-offs $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 20 $ 149 $ 169 The Company follows ASU 2016-13 to calculate the allowance for credit losses which requires estimating credit losses over the lifetime of the credits. The ACL is adjusted through the provision for credit losses and reduced by net charge offs of loans. Although the Company has a diversified loan portfolio, the credit risk in the loan portfolio is largely influenced by general economic conditions and trends of the counties and markets in which the debtors operate, and the resulting impact on the operations of borrowers or on the value of any underlying collateral. The credit loss estimation process involves procedures that consider the unique characteristics of the Company’s loan portfolio segments. These segments are disaggregated into the loan pools for monitoring. A model of risk characteristics, such as loss history and delinquency experience, trends in past due and non-performing loans, as well as existing economic conditions and supportable forecasts are used to determine credit loss assumptions. The Company uses two methodologies to analyze loan pools. The cohort method and the PD/LGD. Cohort relies on the creation of cohorts to capture loans that qualify for a particular segment, as of a point in time. Those loans are then tracked over their remaining lives to determine their loss experience. The Company aggregates financial assets on the basis of similar risk characteristics when evaluating loans on a collective basis. Those characteristics include, but are not limited to, internal or external credit score, risk ratings, financial asset, loan type, collateral type, size, effective interest rate, term, or geographical location. The Company uses cohort primarily for consumer loan portfolios. The probability of default portion of PD/LGD is defined by the Company as 90 days past due, placed on non-accrual, or is partially or wholly, charged-off. Typically, a one-year time period is used to assess PD. PD can be measured and applied using various risk criteria. Risk rating is one common way to apply PDs. Loss given default is to determine the percentage of loss by facility or collateral type. LGD estimates can sometimes be driven, or influenced, by product type, industry or geography. The Company uses PD/LGD primarily for commercial loan portfolios. The following table presents the loan pools and the associated methodology used during the calculation of the allowance for credit losses in 2024. Portfolio Segments Loan Pool Methodology Loss Drivers Residential real estate 1-4 Family Residential Real Estate - 1st Liens Cohort Credit Loss History 1-4 Family Residential Real Estate - 2nd Liens Cohort Credit Loss History Home Equity Lines of Credit Home Equity Lines of Credit Cohort Credit Loss History Consumer Finance Cash Reserves Cohort Credit Loss History Direct Cohort Credit Loss History Indirect Cohort Credit Loss History Commercial Commercial and Industrial PD/LGD Credit Loss History Agricultural PD/LGD Credit Loss History Municipal PD/LGD Credit Loss History Commercial real estate Owner Occupied PD/LGD Credit Loss History Non-Owner Occupied PD/LGD Credit Loss History Multifamily PD/LGD Credit Loss History Farmland PD/LGD Credit Loss History Construction PD/LGD Credit Loss History According to accounting standards, an entity may make an accounting policy election not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivable if the entity writes off the applicable accrued interest receivable balance in a timely manner. The Company has made the accounting policy election not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued interest receivables for all loan segments. Current policy dictates that a loan will be placed on nonaccrual status, with the current accrued interest receivable balance being written off, upon the loan being 90 days delinquent or when the loan is deemed to be collateral dependent and the collateral analysis shows insufficient collateral coverage based on a current assessment of the value of the collateral. In addition, ASC Topic 326 requires the Company to establish a liability for anticipated credit losses for unfunded commitments. To accomplish this, the Company must first establish a loss expectation for extended (funded) commitments. This loss expectation, expressed as a ratio to the amortized cost basis, is then applied to the portion of unfunded commitments not considered unilaterally cancelable, and considered by the company’s management as likely to fund over the life |