| Organization and Significant Accounting Policies | Note 1. Organization and Significant Accounting Policies Organization The Cooper Companies, Inc. (Cooper, we or the Company) is a global medical device company publicly traded on the Nasdaq (Nasdaq: COO). Cooper operates through two business units, CooperVision and CooperSurgical. • CooperVision primarily develops, manufactures and markets a broad range of soft contact lenses for the worldwide vision correction market. • CooperSurgical primarily develops, manufactures, markets medical devices and procedures solutions, and provides services to improve fertility and women's health care market. Principles of Consolidation The financial statements in this report include the results of all of Cooper's consolidated entities. All significant intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated on consolidation. Use of Estimates The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company continually monitors and evaluates the estimates used as additional information becomes available. Adjustments will be made to these provisions periodically to reflect new facts and circumstances that may indicate that historical experience may not be indicative of current and/or future results. Revenue Recognition Net Sales The Company sells its products principally to a limited number of distributors, group purchasing organizations, eye care or health care professionals including independent practices, corporate retailers, hospitals and clinics or authorized resellers (collectively, its Customers). These Customers may subsequently resell the Company’s products to eye care or health care providers and patients. In addition to product supply and distribution agreements with Customers, the Company enters into arrangements with health care providers and payors that provide for government-mandated and/or privately negotiated rebates, chargebacks and discounts with respect to the purchase of the Company’s products. The Company considers purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by master sales agreements, to be contracts with a customer. As part of its consideration of the contract, the Company evaluates certain factors including the customer’s ability to pay (or credit risk). For each contract, the Company considers the promise to transfer products or render services, each of which is distinct, to be the identified performance obligations. The consideration in the contract is allocated among the identified performance obligations based on a relative standalone selling price basis. The standalone selling price for each performance obligation is derived from the actual selling price or estimated using historical data or publicly available information. Revenues from product sales are recognized when the Customer obtains control of the Company’s product, which occurs at a point in time, typically upon shipment or delivery to the Customer. Revenues from service sales are recognized when services are rendered, whether at a point in time or based on the passage of time depending on the type of services. Stem cell revenue, which includes the initial processing service and ongoing storage service, accounts for the majority of our service revenues. Revenue allocated to the processing service is recognized at a point in time when the cord blood and/or cord tissue is processed and deemed ready for storage. Revenue allocated to storage service is recognized ratably over the terms of the storage contracts, which vary in length. The majority of the contracts have a term of one year or 18 years. Deferred revenue primarily represents prepaid stem cell storage as part of the CooperSurgical business unit. The current portion of the deferred revenue balances at the beginning of each year presented were generally fully recognized in a ratable manner in the subsequent 12-month period. We recognized revenue of approximately $123.6 million and $93.6 million for the year ended October 31, 2024, and October 31, 2023, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at October 31, 2023, and October 31, 2022. Taxes collected from Customers and remitted to governmental authorities are excluded from revenues. The Company expenses incremental costs of obtaining a contract as and when incurred if the expected amortization period of the asset that the Company would have recognized is one year or less. See Note 12. Business Segment Information for disaggregation of revenue. Reserves for Variable Consideration Revenues from product sales are recorded at the net sales price (transaction price), which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established and which result from discounts, returns, chargebacks, rebates and other allowances that are offered within contracts between the Company and its Customers, health care providers, payors and other indirect customers relating to the Company’s sales of its products. These reserves are based on the amounts earned or to be claimed on the related sales and are classified primarily in current liabilities. Variable consideration is estimated based on the most likely amount or expected value approach, depending on which method the Company expects to better predict the amount of consideration to which it will be entitled. Once the Company elects one of the methods to estimate variable consideration for a particular type of performance obligation, the Company applies that method consistently. Where appropriate, these estimates take into consideration a range of possible outcomes which are probability-weighted for relevant factors such as the Company’s historical experience, current contractual and statutory requirements, specific known market events and trends, industry data and forecasted customer buying and payment patterns. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company’s best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the contract. Trade Discounts and Allowances The Company generally provides Customers with discounts, which include incentive fees that are stated in the Company’s contracts and are recorded as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized. Product Returns Consistent with industry practice, the Company generally offers Customers a limited right of return for a product that has been purchased from the Company. The Company estimates the amount of its product sales that may be returned by its Customers and records this estimate as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized. Historically, returns have been infrequent and insignificant relative to our total sales. Our refund liability for product returns is included in "Other current liabilities" in our Consolidated Balance Sheets and represents the expected value of the aggregate refunds that will be due to our customers. Rebates and Chargebacks Rebates are estimated based on contractual terms, historical experience, customer mix, trend analysis and projected market conditions in the various markets served. Chargebacks for fees and discounts to providers represent the estimated obligations resulting from contractual commitments to sell products to qualified healthcare providers at prices lower than the list wholesale prices charged to the Company’s direct customers. For certain office and surgical portfolio in CooperSurgical, customers charge the Company for the difference between what they pay for the product and the ultimate selling price to the qualified healthcare providers. These reserves are established in the same period that the related revenue is recognized, resulting in a reduction of product revenue. Chargeback amounts are generally determined at the time of resale to the qualified healthcare provider by customers. CooperSurgical rebates are predominately related to the Medicaid rebate provision that is estimated based upon contractual terms, historical experience, and trend analysis. Share-Based Compensation We grant various share-based compensation awards, including stock options, performance unit shares, restricted stock and restricted stock units. The Company accounts for share-based compensation expense based on estimated grant-date fair value, and expenses the amount over the vesting period of the award. Determining the fair value of share-based awards at the grant date requires judgment, including estimating Cooper's stock price volatility, employee exercise behaviors and related employee forfeiture rates. The expected life of the share-based awards is based on the expected time to post-vesting forfeiture and/or exercise. Groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. In determining the expected volatility, management considers implied volatility from publicly-traded options on Cooper's common stock at the date of grant, historical volatility and other factors. The risk-free interest rate is based on the continuous rates provided by the United States Treasury with a term equal to the expected life of the award. The dividend yield is based on the projected annual dividend payment per share, divided by the stock price at the date of grant. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant, based on historical experience, and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Foreign Currency Translation Most of our operations outside the United States use their local currency as their functional currency. We translate these assets and liabilities into U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates. We translate income and expense accounts at average exchange rates for the period. We record gains and losses from the translation of financial statements in foreign currencies into U.S. dollars in other comprehensive income. We record gains and losses from changes in exchange rates on transactions denominated in currencies other than each reporting location's functional currency in net income for each period . Financial Derivatives and Hedging Derivatives are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value. Accounting for gains or losses resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives depends on the use of the derivative instrument and whether it qualifies for hedge accounting. The gain or loss on derivative instruments designated and qualifying for cash flow hedge accounting is deferred in other comprehensive income. The changes in fair value for all trades that are not designated for hedge accounting are recognized in current period earnings. Deferred gains or losses from designated cash flow hedges are reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged interest expense affects earnings. The effectiveness of cash flow hedges is assessed at inception and quarterly thereafter. The Company does not offset fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments in its Consolidated Balance Sheets for presentation purposes. Fair Value Measurements The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. An asset’s or liability’s level is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Assets and liabilities carried at fair value are valued and disclosed in one of the following three levels of the valuation hierarchy: Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data. Level 3: Unobservable inputs reflecting the reporting entity’s own assumptions. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expense and other current assets, lines of credit, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of such instruments and the ability to obtain financing on similar terms. The carrying value of the Company's revolving credit facility and term loans approximates fair value based on current market rates (Level 2). Refer to Note 5. Financing Arrangements for further information. The fair value of the Company's interest rate swap contracts is measured on a recurring basis by netting the discounted future fixed cash payments and the discounted expected variable cash receipts. The variable cash receipts are based on the expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate curves. The interest rate swap contracts were categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, as the inputs to the derivative pricing model are generally observable and do not contain a high level of subjectivity. The fair value of derivative instruments is included in "Other assets" in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. On our Consolidated Financial Statements. the gain or loss on the derivatives is recorded as a component of "Accumulated other comprehensive loss" and subsequently reclassified into "Interest expense" in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Refer to Note 13. Financial Derivatives and Hedging for further information. The Company uses fair value measures for assets and liabilities acquired in an acquisition, which are considered a Level 3 measurement. C ontingent consideration for which a liability is recorded and the initial measurement of the joint venture interest are also categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy; and the change in fair value is recognized in "Selling, general and administrative expense" in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The fair value is measured by discounting expected future cash flows. The discount rate used for cash flows reflects capital market conditions and the specific risks associated with the business. Refer to Note 3. Acquisitions and Joint Venture for further information. Income Taxes Income taxes are estimated based on enacted income tax laws and the results of operations in each jurisdiction. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are estimated based on temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and income tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are also estimated based on net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance to the extent it is more likely than not they are not expected to be realized. Adjustments to deferred tax assets and liabilities due to changes in tax laws, changes in jurisdiction from intra-entity transfers of assets, and changes in judgment regarding a valuation allowance are recognized in provision for income taxes in the quarter in which such changes occur. Long-term tax payable is estimated income tax to be paid for unrecognized tax benefits. A tax benefit is recognized if it is more likely than not a tax position will be sustained based on its technical merits in a tax authority examination, based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the tax authority. Adjustments to unrecognized tax benefits due to changes in judgment are recognized in provision for income taxes in the quarter in which such changes occur. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are recognized in provision for income taxes. Income taxes include U.S. tax on foreign earnings, which is primarily due to the global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) provision of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. An accounting policy choice was allowed to treat GILTI temporary differences in taxable income either as a current-period expense (period cost method) or factor such amounts into the measurement of deferred taxes (deferral method). We chose the period cost method. Earnings Per Share We determine basic earnings per share (EPS) by using the weighted-average number of shares outstanding. We determine diluted EPS by increasing the weighted-average number of shares outstanding in the denominator by the number of outstanding dilutive equity awards using the treasury stock method. On February 16, 2024, the Company effected a four-for-one stock split of its outstanding shares of common stock. The par value of the common stock remains at $0.10 per share. Accordingly, an amount equal to the par value of the increased shares resulting from the stock split was reclassified from "Additional paid-in capital" to "Common stock". All share and per share information has been retroactively adjusted to reflect the stock split for all periods presented. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all short-term, highly liquid investments purchased with maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Inventories Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost that approximates actual cost, on a first-in, first-out basis. October 31, (In millions) 2024 2023 Raw materials $ 188.2 $ 207.3 Work-in-process 18.5 19.0 Finished goods 596.0 509.3 $ 802.7 $ 735.6 In assessing the value of inventories, we make estimates and judgments regarding aging of inventories and other relevant issues potentially affecting the salable condition of products and estimated prices at which those products will sell. On an ongoing basis, we review the carrying value of our inventory, measuring number of months on hand and other indications of salability. We reduce the value of inventory if there are indications that the carrying value is greater than net realizable value, resulting in a new, lower-cost basis for that inventory. Subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in the restoration or increase in that newly established cost basis. While estimates are involved, historically, obsolescence has not been a significant factor due to long product dating and lengthy product life cycles. Property, Plant and Equipment We record property, plant, and equipment at cost. We compute depreciation expense using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Useful lives are generally 3 to 15 years except for buildings which are depreciated over 30 to 40 years and leasehold improvements, which we amortize over the shorter of the useful life or the lease term. We charge maintenance and repairs to expense as we incur them. October 31, (In millions) 2024 2023 Land and improvements $ 25.2 $ 20.2 Buildings and improvements 557.3 488.5 Machinery and equipment 2,441.7 2,187.1 Construction in progress 532.8 486.3 Property, plant and equipment, at cost $ 3,557.0 $ 3,182.1 Less: Accumulated depreciation 1,696.5 1,553.3 Property, plant and equipment, net $ 1,860.5 $ 1,628.8 Finance lease ROU assets, net 2.9 3.8 $ 1,863.4 $ 1,632.6 Leases We consider an arrangement a lease if the arrangement transfers the right to control the use of an identified asset in exchange for consideration. We have operating leases, but do not have material financing leases. The Company primarily has operating leases for office, manufacturing and warehouse space, vehicles, and office equipment. Lease right-of-use assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make payments arising from the lease agreement. These assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement of the lease based upon the present value of the future lease payments over the lease term. The lease term reflects the noncancellable period of the lease together with periods covered by an option to extend or terminate the lease when management is reasonably certain that it will exercise such option. Changes in the lease term assumption could impact the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As our leases typically do not contain a readily determinable implicit rate, we determine the present value of the lease liability using our incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date based on the lease term on a collateralized basis. The Company’s operating leases typically include non-lease components such as common-area maintenance costs. The Company has elected to include non-lease components with lease payments for the purpose of calculating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities, to the extent that they are fixed. Non-lease components that are not fixed are expensed as incurred as variable lease payments. Leases with a term of one year or less are not recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, while the associated lease payments are expensed in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Operating leases are classified in “Other current liabilities”, “Other liabilities”, and “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term and included in "Selling, general and administrative expense" in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Financing leases are classified in "Property, plant and equipment, net", "Short-term debt", and "Long-term debt" in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 2. Operating Leases and Note 5. Financing Arrangements for further information. Cloud Computing Arrangements The Company capitalizes certain costs related to the acquisition and development of internal use software, including implementation costs incurred in a cloud computing arrangement, during the application development stages of projects. Capitalized implementation costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the expected term of the hosting arrangement, which includes consideration of the non-cancellable contractual term and reasonably certain renewals. Costs incurred during the preliminary project or the post-implementation/operation stages of the project are expensed as incurred. Implementation costs are included in “Other assets” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of capitalized implementation costs is included in the same line item in the Consolidated Statements of Income as the expense for fees for the associated hosting arrangement. Valuation of Goodwill We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually during the fiscal third quarter and when an event occurs or circumstances change such that it is reasonably possible that impairment may exist. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level by performing a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. We perform a qualitative assessment to test each reporting unit's goodwill for impairment, which includes industry and market considerations, overall financial performance and other relevant events and factors affecting each reporting unit. Based on our qualitative assessment, if we determine that the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not to be less than its carrying amount, the fair value of a reporting unit will be compared with its carrying amount and an impairment charge will be recognized for the amount that the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. Long-lived Assets We review long-lived assets held and used for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. If an evaluation of recoverability is required, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with the asset group are compared to the asset group's carrying amount to determine if a write-down is required. If the undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the fair value. Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets We assess indefinite-lived intangible assets annually in the third quarter of the fiscal year, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an indefinite-lived intangible asset (asset group) may not be recoverable. We evaluate whether the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired by comparing its carrying value to its fair value. If the carrying value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset is not recoverable, an impairment loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value. Business Combinations We routinely consummate business combinations. Results of operations for acquired companies are included in our consolidated results of operations from the date of acquisition. We recognize separately from goodwill, the identifiable assets acquired, including acquired in-process research and development, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date fair values as defined by accounting standards related to fair value measurements. Key assumptions routinely utilized in allocation of purchase price to intangible assets include discount rates and projected financial information such as revenue projections for companies acquired. As of the acquisition date, goodwill is measured as the excess of consideration given, over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Direct acquisition costs are expensed as incurred. For business acquisitions, the Company records tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair values as of the applicable date of acquisition. Litigation We are subject to various legal proceedings, claims, litigation, investigations and contingencies arising out of the ordinary course of business. If we believe the likelihood of an adverse legal outcome is probable and the amount is estimable, we accrue a liability in accordance with accounting guidance for contingencies. We consult with legal counsel on matters related to litigation and seek input both within and outside the Company. Treasury Stock We record treasury stock purchases under the cost method whereby the entire cost of the acquired stock is recorded as treasury stock. Government Assistance The Company at times receives government assistance primarily to support manufacturing capital expansion, to create or retain jobs, or to provide tax credits mainly for eligible research and development activities. The Company generally accounts for such government assistance by analogy to IAS 20, Accounting for Government Grants and Disclosure of Government Assistance and recognizes the assistance when it is probable that it will be received by complying with the prerequisite terms and conditions. For the fiscal year ending October 31, 2024, government assistance of $32.5 million was recorded primarily as a reduction to the cost basis of property, plant, and equipment or reduction to the related expense. Government assistance in prior fiscal years was immaterial. Accounting Pronouncements Issued Not Yet Adopted In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses , which requires additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented in the income statement. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The requirements should be applied on a prospective basis while retrospective application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on our disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU requires public entities to disclose specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and additional information for reconciling items that exceed a quantitative threshold. The guidance also requires all disaggregated information pertaining to taxes paid, net of refunds received, for federal, state and foreign income taxes. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with the option to apply prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures , which enhances the disclosures required for operating segments in our annual and interim consolidated financial statements. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, which means it will be effective from our fiscal year ended October 31, 2025, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning from November 01, 2025, and will be applied retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures. |
