Loans and Allowance | 90 Days or More Past Due Commercial and industrial loans $ 3,290,767 $ 5,344 $ 124 $ 1,242 $ 3,297,477 $ 38 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 214,847 — — 57 214,904 — Real estate loans: Construction 731,495 621 13,759 108 745,983 — Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 2,412,738 1,126 6,312 3,009 2,423,185 — Commercial real estate, owner occupied 1,263,864 256 145 298 1,264,563 — Residential 1,803,199 5,241 1,683 3,174 1,813,297 554 Home equity 582,181 1,593 719 1,615 586,108 — Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 156,838 306 115 5 157,264 — Public finance and other commercial loans 894,636 — — — 894,636 — Loans $ 11,350,565 $ 14,487 $ 22,857 $ 9,508 $ 11,397,417 $ 592 December 31, 2021 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Loans > 90 Days or More Past Due Commercial and industrial loans $ 2,708,539 $ 2,602 $ 2,437 $ 987 $ 2,714,565 $ 675 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 246,380 36 — 26 246,442 — Real estate loans: Construction 522,349 717 — — 523,066 — Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 2,124,853 3,327 — 7,279 2,135,459 — Commercial real estate, owner occupied 985,785 643 — 292 986,720 — Residential 1,148,294 3,979 4,255 2,599 1,159,127 — Home equity 518,643 3,327 281 1,503 523,754 288 Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 145,634 375 83 — 146,092 — Public finance and other commercial loans 806,636 — — — 806,636 — Loans $ 9,207,113 $ 15,006 $ 7,056 $ 12,686 $ 9,241,861 $ 963 Loans are reclassified to a non-accruing status when, in management’s judgment, the collateral value and financial condition of the borrower do not justify accruing interest. At the time the accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against earnings. Interest income accrued in prior years, if any, is charged to the allowance for credit losses. Payments subsequently received on non-accrual loans are applied to principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when principal and interest are no longer past due and collectability is probable, typically after a minimum of six consecutive months of performance. The Level One loans acquired included $9.4 million of non-accrual loans at acquisition date. The following table summarizes the Corporation’s non-accrual loans by loan class for the periods indicated: June 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Non-Accrual Loans Non-Accrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit Losses Non-Accrual Loans Non-Accrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit Losses Commercial and industrial loans $ 7,465 $ 982 $ 7,598 $ 263 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 57 — 631 524 Real estate loans: Construction 108 — 685 — Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 19,103 295 23,029 6,133 Commercial real estate, owner occupied 5,418 3,642 411 — Residential 11,511 741 9,153 2,160 Home equity 2,289 — 1,552 — Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 19 — 3 — Loans $ 45,970 $ 5,660 $ 43,062 $ 9,080 There was no interest income recognized on non-accrual loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 or 2021. Determining fair value for collateral dependent loans requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor, which includes selling costs if applicable, to the value. The fair value of real estate is generally based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. The appraisers typically determine the value of the real estate by utilizing an income or market valuation approach. If an appraisal is not available, the fair value may be determined by using a cash flow analysis. Fair value on other collateral such as business assets is typically ascertained by assessing, either singularly or some combination of, asset appraisals, accounts receivable aging reports, inventory listings and or customer financial statements. Both appraised values and values based on borrower’s financial information are discounted as considered appropriate based on age and quality of the information and current market conditions. The tables below present the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses. The Level One acquisition added $58.2 million in collateral dependent loans, with a total allowance of $16.9 million. June 30, 2022 Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Other Total Allowance on Collateral Dependent Loans Commercial and industrial loans $ — $ — $ 48,525 $ 48,525 $ 15,166 Real estate loans: Construction — 4,056 — 4,056 649 Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 24,030 — — 24,030 2,692 Commercial real estate, owner occupied 8,485 — — 8,485 1,027 Residential — 2,566 — 2,566 268 Home equity — 382 — 382 61 Loans $ 32,515 $ 7,004 $ 48,525 $ 88,044 $ 19,863 December 31, 2021 Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Other Total Allowance on Collateral Dependent Loans Commercial and industrial loans $ — $ — $ 8,075 $ 8,075 $ 2,672 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 524 — 251 775 — Real estate loans: Construction — 685 — 685 82 Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 23,652 — — 23,652 5,510 Commercial real estate, owner occupied 1,044 — — 1,044 — Residential — 4,906 — 4,906 305 Home equity — 394 — 394 64 Loans $ 25,220 $ 5,985 $ 8,326 $ 39,531 $ 8,633 In certain loan restructuring situations, the Corporation may grant a concession to a debtor experiencing financial difficulty, resulting in a troubled debt restructuring. A concession is deemed to be granted when, as a result of the restructuring, the Corporation does not expect to collect all original amounts due, including interest accrued at the original contract rate. If the payment of principal at original maturity is primarily dependent on the value of collateral, the current value of the collateral is considered in determining whether the principal will be repaid. The following tables summarize troubled debt restructures in the Corporation's loan portfolio that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. There were no trouble debt restructures that occurred in the three months ended June 30, 2022. Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Pre- Modification Recorded Balance Term Modification Combination Post - Modification Recorded Balance Number of Loans Real estate loans: Commercial real estate, owner occupied $ 21 $ — $ 21 $ 21 1 Residential 66 66 — 66 2 Total $ 87 $ 66 $ 21 $ 87 3 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Pre- Modification Recorded Balance Rate Modification Post - Modification Recorded Balance Number of Loans Real estate loans: Residential $ 53 $ 56 $ 56 1 Total $ 53 $ 56 $ 56 1 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Pre- Modification Recorded Balance Term Modification Rate Modification Combination Post - Modification Recorded Balance Number of Loans Commercial and industrial loans $ 348 $ 348 $ — $ — $ 348 2 Real estate loans: Commercial real estate, owner occupied 21 — — 21 21 1 Residential 691 449 126 118 693 9 Total $ 1,060 $ 797 $ 126 $ 139 $ 1,062 12 Loans secured by residential real estate made up 100 percent of the post-modification balances of the troubled debt restructured loans that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 76 percent and 65 percent, respectively, of the balances that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. The following tables summarize troubled debt restructures that occurred during the twelve months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, that subsequently defaulted during the period indicated and remained in default at period end. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30-days or more past due. There were no loans that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended June 30, 2022. Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Number of Loans Recorded Balance Real estate loans: Commercial real estate, owner occupied 1 $ 27 Total 1 $ 27 Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Number of Loans Recorded Balance Number of Loans Recorded Balance Commercial and industrial loans 2 $ 163 2 $ 163 Real estate loans: Residential 2 $ 195 2 195 Total 4 $ 358 4 $ 358 Commercial troubled debt restructured loans risk graded special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss are individually evaluated for apparent loss and may result in a specific reserve allocation in the allowance for credit losses. Commercial troubled debt restructures that are not individually evaluated for a specific reserve are included in the calculation of allowance for credit losses through the loan segment loss analysis. For all consumer loan modifications, an evaluation to identify if a troubled debt restructure has occurred is performed prior to making the modification. Any subsequent deterioration is addressed through the charge-off process or through a specific reserve allocation included in the allowance for credit losses. Consumer troubled debt restructures that are not individually evaluated for a specific reserve are included in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses through the loan segment loss analysis. Consumer loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process totale d $2.3 million and $3.2 million at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans The Corporation acquired Level One on April 1, 2022 and performed an evaluation of the loan portfolio in which there were loans that, at acquisition, had more than an insignificant amount of credit quality deterioration. The carrying amount of those loans is shown in the table below: Level One Purchase price of loans at acquisition $ 41,347 CECL Day 1 PCD ACL 16,599 Par value of acquired loans at acquisition $ 57,946 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans The Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans ("ACL - Loans") is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans to present the net amount expected to be collected on loans over the contractual term. The ACL - Loans is adjusted by the provision for credit losses, which is reported in earnings, and reduced by charge offs for loans, net of recoveries. Provision for credit losses on loans reflects the totality of actions taken on all loans for a particular period including any necessary increases or decreases in the allowance related to changes in credit loss expectations associated with specific loans or pools of loans. Loans are charged off against the allowance when the uncollectibility of the loan is confirmed. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged off and expected to be charged off. The allowance represents the Corporation’s best estimate of current expected credit losses on loans using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, related to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. The current expected credit loss ("CECL") calculation is performed and evaluated quarterly and losses are estimated over the expected life of the loan. The level of the allowance for credit losses is believed to be adequate to absorb all expected future losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the measurement date. In calculating the allowance for credit losses, the loan portfolio was pooled into ten loan segments with similar risk characteristics. Common characteristics include the type or purpose of the loan, underlying collateral and historical/expected credit loss patterns. In developing the loan segments, the Corporation analyzed the degree of correlation in how loans within each portfolio respond when subjected to varying economic conditions and scenarios as well as other portfolio stress factors. The expected credit losses are measured over the life of each loan segment utilizing the Probability of Default / Loss Given Default methodology combined with economic forecast models to estimate the current expected credit loss inherent in the loan portfolio. This approach is also leveraged to estimate the expected credit losses associated with unfunded loan commitments incorporating expected utilization rates. The Corporation sub-segmented certain commercial portfolios by risk level and certain consumer portfolios by delinquency status where appropriate. The Corporation utilized a four-quarter reasonable and supportable economic forecast period followed by a six-quarter, straight-line reversion period to the historical macroeconomic mean for the remaining life of the loans. Econometric modeling was performed using historical default rates and a selection of economic forecast scenarios published by Moody’s to develop a range of estimated credit losses for which to determine the best credit loss estimate within. Macroeconomic factors utilized in the modeling process include the national unemployment rate, BBB US corporate index, CRE price index and the home price index. The Corporation qualitatively adjusts model results for risk factors that are not inherently considered in the quantitative modeling process, but are nonetheless relevant in assessing the expected credit losses within the loan portfolio. These adjustments may increase or decrease the estimate of expected credit losses based upon the assessed level of risk for each qualitative factor. The various risks that may be considered in making qualitative adjustments include, among other things, the impact of (i) changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, (ii) changes in the existence, growth and effect of any concentrations in credit, (iii) changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and practices for collections, write-offs, and recoveries, (iv) changes in the quality of the credit review function, (v) changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff, and (vi) other environmental factors of a borrower such as regulatory, legal and technological considerations, as well as competition. In some cases, management may determine that an individual loan exhibits unique risk characteristics which differentiate the loan from other loans within the loan segments. In such cases, the loans are evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis and excluded from the collective evaluation. Specific reserve allocations of the allowance for credit losses are determined by analyzing the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the relative risk grade of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when, based upon management's assessment, the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. In such cases, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the measurement date, adjusted for estimated selling costs if satisfaction of the loan depends on the sale of the collateral. The fair value of collateral supporting collateral dependent loans is evaluated on a quarterly basis. No allowance for credit losses has been recognized for PPP loans as such loans are fully guaranteed by the Small Business Administration ("SBA"). The risk characteristics of the Corporation’s portfolio segments are as follows: Commercial Commercial lending is primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the tangible assets being financed such as equipment or real estate or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee. Other loans may be unsecured, secured but under-collateralized or otherwise made on the basis of the enterprise value of an organization. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. Commercial real estate Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. The Corporation monitors commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria, as well as the levels of owner-occupied versus non-owner occupied loans. Construction Construction loans are underwritten utilizing a combination of tools and techniques including feasibility and market studies, independent appraisals and appraisal reviews, absorption and interest rate sensitivity analysis as well as the financial analysis of the developer and all guarantors. Construction loans are monitored by either in house or third party inspectors limiting advances to a percentage of costs or stabilized project value. These loans frequently involve the disbursement of significant funds with the repayment dependent upon the successful completion and, where necessary, the future stabilization of the project. The predominant inherent risk of this portfolio is associated with the borrower's ability to successfully complete a project on time, within budget and stabilize the projected as originally projected. Consumer and Residential With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1-4 family residences, which are typically owner occupied, the Corporation generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer loans are secured by consumer assets such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer loans, such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit, are unsecured. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers and can also be impacted by changes in property values. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. The allowance for credit losses increased $30.3 million and $30.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The increase was primarily due to $16.6 million of allowance for credit losses on PCD loans acquired in the Level One acquisition established through accounting adjustments on the acquisition date. In addition, a provision of $14.0 million was recorded to establish an allowance for credit losses on non-PCD loans acquired in the Level One acquisition. The allowance was offset by net charge-offs of $263,000 and net recoveries of $324,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The following tables summarize changes in the allowance for credit losses by loan segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021: Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Real Estate Construction Consumer & Residential Total Allowance for credit losses Balances, March 31, 2022 $ 77,637 $ 53,000 $ 20,760 $ 44,587 $ 195,984 Provision for credit losses 805 (6,393) 5,122 466 — CECL Day 1 non-PCD provision for credit losses 2,957 5,539 871 4,588 13,955 CECL Day 1 PCD ACL 12,970 2,981 648 — 16,599 Recoveries on loans 569 201 — 399 1,169 Loans charged off (710) — — (722) (1,432) Balances, June 30, 2022 $ 94,228 $ 55,328 $ 27,401 $ 49,318 $ 226,275 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Real Estate Construction Consumer & Residential Total Allowance for credit losses Balances, December 31, 2021 $ 69,935 $ 60,665 $ 20,206 $ 44,591 $ 195,397 Provision for credit losses 8,376 (14,643) 5,676 591 — CECL Day 1 non-PCD provision for credit losses 2,957 5,539 871 4,588 13,955 CECL Day 1 PCD ACL 12,970 2,981 648 — 16,599 Recoveries on loans 708 908 — 605 2,221 Loans charged off (718) (122) — (1,057) (1,897) Balances, June 30, 2022 $ 94,228 $ 55,328 $ 27,401 $ 49,318 $ 226,275 Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Commercial Real Estate Construction Consumer & Residential Total Allowance for credit losses Balances, March 31, 2021 $ 65,722 $ 70,861 $ 20,182 $ 44,317 $ 201,082 Provision for credit losses (1,898) 2,842 (3,106) 2,162 — Recoveries on loans 152 33 1 226 412 Loans charged off (295) (1,035) — (389) (1,719) Balances, June 30, 2021 $ 63,681 $ 72,701 $ 17,077 $ 46,316 $ 199,775 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Commercial R" id="sjs-B4">LOANS AND ALLOWANCE Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality The Corporation's primary lending focus is small business and middle market commercial, commercial real estate, public finance and residential real estate, which results in portfolio diversification. The following tables show the composition of the loan portfolio and credit quality characteristics by collateral classification, excluding loans held for sale. Loans held for sale at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, were $9.1 million and $11.2 million, respectively. The following table illustrates the composition of the Corporation’s loan portfolio by loan class for the periods indicated: June 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Commercial and industrial loans $ 3,297,477 $ 2,714,565 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 214,904 246,442 Real estate loans: Construction 745,983 523,066 Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 2,423,185 2,135,459 Commercial real estate, owner occupied 1,264,563 986,720 Residential 1,813,297 1,159,127 Home equity 586,108 523,754 Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 157,264 146,092 Public finance and other commercial loans 894,636 806,636 Loans $ 11,397,417 $ 9,241,861 As of June 30, 2022, the Corporation had $32.9 million of Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans compared to the December 31, 2021 balance of $106.6 million. Of the remaining PPP balance, $14.0 million was acquired through the Level One acquisition and are primarily included in the commercial and industrial loan class. Additional details of the PPP are included in The CARES Act and the Paycheck Protection Program sections of the "COVID-19 UPDATE AND RELATED LEGISLATIVE ACTION" in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this Form 10-Q. Credit Quality As part of the ongoing monitoring of the credit quality of the Corporation's loan portfolio, management tracks certain credit quality indicators including trends related to: (i) the level of criticized commercial loans, (ii) net charge-offs, (iii) non-performing loans, (iv) covenant failures and (v) the general national and local economic conditions. The Corporation utilizes a risk grading of pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss to assess the overall credit quality of large commercial loans. All large commercial credit grades are reviewed at a minimum of once a year for pass grade loans. Loans with grades below pass are reviewed more frequently depending on the grade. A description of the general characteristics of these grades is as follows: • Pass - Loans that are considered to be of acceptable credit quality. • Special Mention - Loans which possess some credit deficiency or potential weakness, which deserves close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the Corporation's credit position at some future date. Special mention assets are not adversely classified and do not expose the Corporation to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. • Substandard - A substandard loan is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified have a well-defined weakness that jeopardizes the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. • Doubtful - Loans that have all of the weaknesses of those classified as Substandard. However, based on currently existing facts, conditions and values, these weaknesses make full collection of principal highly questionable and improbable. • Loss – Loans that are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuing to carry them as an asset is not warranted. Loans will be classified as Loss when it is neither practical or desirable to defer writing off or reserving all or a portion of a basically worthless asset, even though partial recovery may be possible at some time in the future. The following tables summarize the risk grading of the Corporation’s loan portfolio by loan class and by year of origination for the years indicated. Consumer loans are not risk graded. For the purposes of this disclosure, the consumer loans are classified in the following manner: loans that are less than 30 days past due are Pass, loans 30-89 days past due are Special Mention and loans greater than 89 days past due are Substandard. The entire balance of a loan is considered delinquent if the minimum payment contractually required to be made is not received by the specified due date. Commercial and industrial loan balances as of June 30, 2022 include PPP loans with an origination year of 2021 and 2020 of $32.8 million and $183,000, respectively. Commercial and industrial loan balances as of December 31, 2021 include PPP loans with an origination year of 2021 and 2020 of $100.3 million and $6.3 million, respectively. June 30, 2022 Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year) Revolving loans amortized Revolving loans converted 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 Prior cost basis to term Total Commercial and industrial loans Pass $ 528,192 $ 789,445 $ 243,658 $ 139,336 $ 71,944 $ 46,860 $ 1,311,363 $ 4,614 $ 3,135,412 Special Mention 594 13,589 16,075 4,777 1,416 4,273 29,870 — 70,594 Substandard 11,674 17,997 6,326 10,982 1,650 2,486 39,694 24 90,833 Doubtful — 242 — — 396 — — — 638 Total Commercial and industrial loans 540,460 821,273 266,059 155,095 75,406 53,619 1,380,927 4,638 3,297,477 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers Pass 29,774 40,906 39,027 18,803 5,249 33,770 44,374 — 211,903 Special Mention 286 — 107 — 203 365 — — 961 Substandard 191 — 1,441 — 181 27 200 — 2,040 Total Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 30,251 40,906 40,575 18,803 5,633 34,162 44,574 — 214,904 Real estate loans: Construction Pass 211,092 287,493 173,861 26,973 938 4,144 24,514 — 729,015 Special Mention 12,282 484 — — — — — — 12,766 Substandard 15 — 4,166 — — 21 — — 4,202 Total Construction 223,389 287,977 178,027 26,973 938 4,165 24,514 — 745,983 Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied Pass 298,157 614,117 696,300 215,633 137,646 231,254 38,902 2,180 2,234,189 Special Mention 37,835 37,573 70,120 — 3,133 3,450 — — 152,111 Substandard 12,769 9,937 9,502 — 4,503 174 — — 36,885 Total Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 348,761 661,627 775,922 215,633 145,282 234,878 38,902 2,180 2,423,185 Commercial real estate, owner occupied Pass 157,214 350,058 374,793 121,584 62,595 105,425 42,033 3,281 1,216,983 Special Mention 1,251 6,118 1,280 4,793 1,376 4,117 1,773 — 20,708 Substandard 5,750 4,475 4,154 1,465 2,686 8,312 — — 26,842 Doubtful — — — — — 30 — — 30 Total Commercial real estate, owner occupied 164,215 360,651 380,227 127,842 66,657 117,884 43,806 3,281 1,264,563 Residential Pass 401,780 515,392 427,974 110,687 82,687 254,490 5,773 34 1,798,817 Special Mention 208 1,321 1,300 546 708 3,202 — 15 7,300 Substandard 397 1,350 2,310 434 1,374 1,160 155 — 7,180 Total Residential 402,385 518,063 431,584 111,667 84,769 258,852 5,928 49 1,813,297 Home equity Pass 15,410 71,565 14,848 1,678 1,710 4,651 471,676 92 581,630 Special Mention — — — 46 — 25 2,229 — 2,300 Substandard 314 105 98 — 66 65 1,530 — 2,178 Total Home Equity 15,724 71,670 14,946 1,724 1,776 4,741 475,435 92 586,108 Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures Pass 31,955 53,977 17,534 7,955 7,672 5,169 32,577 — 156,839 Special Mention — 137 122 33 54 59 15 — 420 Substandard — 4 — — — 1 — — 5 Total Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 31,955 54,118 17,656 7,988 7,726 5,229 32,592 — 157,264 Public finance and other commercial loans Pass 109,490 221,473 176,074 99,880 38,171 211,657 37,891 — 894,636 Total Public finance and other commercial loans 109,490 221,473 176,074 99,880 38,171 211,657 37,891 — 894,636 Loans $ 1,866,630 $ 3,037,758 $ 2,281,070 $ 765,605 $ 426,358 $ 925,187 $ 2,084,569 $ 10,240 $ 11,397,417 December 31, 2021 Term Loans (amortized cost basis by origination year) Revolving loans amortized Revolving loans converted 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior cost basis to term Total Commercial and industrial loans Pass $ 1,019,757 $ 362,372 $ 144,520 $ 65,165 $ 21,575 $ 30,420 $ 990,335 $ — $ 2,634,144 Special Mention 10,559 11,088 190 730 1,930 1,825 15,026 — 41,348 Substandard 2,811 2,127 7,432 2,932 431 747 22,593 — 39,073 Total Commercial and industrial loans 1,033,127 375,587 152,142 68,827 23,936 32,992 1,027,954 — 2,714,565 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers Pass 50,251 45,164 22,195 7,689 6,153 36,074 74,871 — 242,397 Special Mention — 1,543 — — — 252 264 — 2,059 Substandard 524 506 108 371 — 27 450 — 1,986 Total Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 50,775 47,213 22,303 8,060 6,153 36,353 75,585 — 246,442 Real estate loans: Construction Pass 215,167 200,169 63,589 979 1,762 2,453 17,201 — 501,320 Special Mention 20,737 270 — — — 46 — — 21,053 Substandard — 693 — — — — — — 693 Total Construction 235,904 201,132 63,589 979 1,762 2,499 17,201 — 523,066 Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied Pass 589,296 688,406 227,332 111,971 103,400 126,837 26,779 — 1,874,021 Special Mention 68,279 149,480 — — — 1,723 — — 219,482 Substandard 19,314 14,912 178 1,118 6,156 278 — — 41,956 Total Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 676,889 852,798 227,510 113,089 109,556 128,838 26,779 — 2,135,459 Commercial real estate, owner occupied Pass 299,186 392,383 92,338 43,252 46,044 48,571 33,998 — 955,772 Special Mention 5,665 5,953 738 1,532 902 1,301 149 — 16,240 Substandard 7,025 5,763 — 53 113 1,754 — — 14,708 Total Commercial real estate, owner occupied 311,876 404,099 93,076 44,837 47,059 51,626 34,147 — 986,720 Residential Pass 349,726 353,691 103,028 69,745 55,240 210,669 2,955 73 1,145,127 Special Mention 1,034 1,394 1,456 306 172 2,106 — — 6,468 Substandard 1,004 1,575 335 1,248 108 3,257 — 5 7,532 Total Residential 351,764 356,660 104,819 71,299 55,520 216,032 2,955 78 1,159,127 Home equity Pass 63,845 17,556 1,977 2,127 1,250 3,432 427,437 194 517,818 Special Mention — 85 48 — — 24 3,451 — 3,608 Substandard 520 — — 8 91 70 1,639 — 2,328 Total Home Equity 64,365 17,641 2,025 2,135 1,341 3,526 432,527 194 523,754 Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures Pass 67,749 23,452 11,893 11,197 2,008 4,928 24,406 — 145,633 Special Mention 79 85 50 33 20 58 134 — 459 Total Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 67,828 23,537 11,943 11,230 2,028 4,986 24,540 — 146,092 Public finance and other commercial loans Pass 231,319 178,316 100,679 39,098 105,964 128,942 22,318 — 806,636 Total Public finance and other commercial loans 231,319 178,316 100,679 39,098 105,964 128,942 22,318 — 806,636 Loans $ 3,023,847 $ 2,456,983 $ 778,086 $ 359,554 $ 353,319 $ 605,794 $ 1,664,006 $ 272 $ 9,241,861 Total past due loans equaled $46.9 million as of June 30, 2022, a $12.1 million increase from the total of $34.7 million for December 31, 2021. At June 30, 2022, 60-89 days past due loans totaled $22.9 million, an increase of $15.8 million from December 31, 2021. The primary increases were related to two loans, totaling $20.0 million, in the construction and non-owner occupied commercial real estate classes that were in the current category at December 31, 2021. One of the loans is for a 91-unit condominium building and the other for a nursing home facility. The tables below show a past due aging of the Corporation’s loan portfolio, by loan class, for the periods indicated: June 30, 2022 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Loans > 90 Days or More Past Due Commercial and industrial loans $ 3,290,767 $ 5,344 $ 124 $ 1,242 $ 3,297,477 $ 38 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 214,847 — — 57 214,904 — Real estate loans: Construction 731,495 621 13,759 108 745,983 — Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 2,412,738 1,126 6,312 3,009 2,423,185 — Commercial real estate, owner occupied 1,263,864 256 145 298 1,264,563 — Residential 1,803,199 5,241 1,683 3,174 1,813,297 554 Home equity 582,181 1,593 719 1,615 586,108 — Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 156,838 306 115 5 157,264 — Public finance and other commercial loans 894,636 — — — 894,636 — Loans $ 11,350,565 $ 14,487 $ 22,857 $ 9,508 $ 11,397,417 $ 592 December 31, 2021 Current 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Past Due Total Loans > 90 Days or More Past Due Commercial and industrial loans $ 2,708,539 $ 2,602 $ 2,437 $ 987 $ 2,714,565 $ 675 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 246,380 36 — 26 246,442 — Real estate loans: Construction 522,349 717 — — 523,066 — Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 2,124,853 3,327 — 7,279 2,135,459 — Commercial real estate, owner occupied 985,785 643 — 292 986,720 — Residential 1,148,294 3,979 4,255 2,599 1,159,127 — Home equity 518,643 3,327 281 1,503 523,754 288 Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 145,634 375 83 — 146,092 — Public finance and other commercial loans 806,636 — — — 806,636 — Loans $ 9,207,113 $ 15,006 $ 7,056 $ 12,686 $ 9,241,861 $ 963 Loans are reclassified to a non-accruing status when, in management’s judgment, the collateral value and financial condition of the borrower do not justify accruing interest. At the time the accrual is discontinued, all unpaid accrued interest is reversed against earnings. Interest income accrued in prior years, if any, is charged to the allowance for credit losses. Payments subsequently received on non-accrual loans are applied to principal. A loan is returned to accrual status when principal and interest are no longer past due and collectability is probable, typically after a minimum of six consecutive months of performance. The Level One loans acquired included $9.4 million of non-accrual loans at acquisition date. The following table summarizes the Corporation’s non-accrual loans by loan class for the periods indicated: June 30, 2022 December 31, 2021 Non-Accrual Loans Non-Accrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit Losses Non-Accrual Loans Non-Accrual Loans with no Allowance for Credit Losses Commercial and industrial loans $ 7,465 $ 982 $ 7,598 $ 263 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 57 — 631 524 Real estate loans: Construction 108 — 685 — Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 19,103 295 23,029 6,133 Commercial real estate, owner occupied 5,418 3,642 411 — Residential 11,511 741 9,153 2,160 Home equity 2,289 — 1,552 — Individuals' loans for household and other personal expenditures 19 — 3 — Loans $ 45,970 $ 5,660 $ 43,062 $ 9,080 There was no interest income recognized on non-accrual loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 or 2021. Determining fair value for collateral dependent loans requires obtaining a current independent appraisal of the collateral and applying a discount factor, which includes selling costs if applicable, to the value. The fair value of real estate is generally based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers. The appraisers typically determine the value of the real estate by utilizing an income or market valuation approach. If an appraisal is not available, the fair value may be determined by using a cash flow analysis. Fair value on other collateral such as business assets is typically ascertained by assessing, either singularly or some combination of, asset appraisals, accounts receivable aging reports, inventory listings and or customer financial statements. Both appraised values and values based on borrower’s financial information are discounted as considered appropriate based on age and quality of the information and current market conditions. The tables below present the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses. The Level One acquisition added $58.2 million in collateral dependent loans, with a total allowance of $16.9 million. June 30, 2022 Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Other Total Allowance on Collateral Dependent Loans Commercial and industrial loans $ — $ — $ 48,525 $ 48,525 $ 15,166 Real estate loans: Construction — 4,056 — 4,056 649 Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 24,030 — — 24,030 2,692 Commercial real estate, owner occupied 8,485 — — 8,485 1,027 Residential — 2,566 — 2,566 268 Home equity — 382 — 382 61 Loans $ 32,515 $ 7,004 $ 48,525 $ 88,044 $ 19,863 December 31, 2021 Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Other Total Allowance on Collateral Dependent Loans Commercial and industrial loans $ — $ — $ 8,075 $ 8,075 $ 2,672 Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers 524 — 251 775 — Real estate loans: Construction — 685 — 685 82 Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied 23,652 — — 23,652 5,510 Commercial real estate, owner occupied 1,044 — — 1,044 — Residential — 4,906 — 4,906 305 Home equity — 394 — 394 64 Loans $ 25,220 $ 5,985 $ 8,326 $ 39,531 $ 8,633 In certain loan restructuring situations, the Corporation may grant a concession to a debtor experiencing financial difficulty, resulting in a troubled debt restructuring. A concession is deemed to be granted when, as a result of the restructuring, the Corporation does not expect to collect all original amounts due, including interest accrued at the original contract rate. If the payment of principal at original maturity is primarily dependent on the value of collateral, the current value of the collateral is considered in determining whether the principal will be repaid. The following tables summarize troubled debt restructures in the Corporation's loan portfolio that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. There were no trouble debt restructures that occurred in the three months ended June 30, 2022. Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Pre- Modification Recorded Balance Term Modification Combination Post - Modification Recorded Balance Number of Loans Real estate loans: Commercial real estate, owner occupied $ 21 $ — $ 21 $ 21 1 Residential 66 66 — 66 2 Total $ 87 $ 66 $ 21 $ 87 3 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Pre- Modification Recorded Balance Rate Modification Post - Modification Recorded Balance Number of Loans Real estate loans: Residential $ 53 $ 56 $ 56 1 Total $ 53 $ 56 $ 56 1 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Pre- Modification Recorded Balance Term Modification Rate Modification Combination Post - Modification Recorded Balance Number of Loans Commercial and industrial loans $ 348 $ 348 $ — $ — $ 348 2 Real estate loans: Commercial real estate, owner occupied 21 — — 21 21 1 Residential 691 449 126 118 693 9 Total $ 1,060 $ 797 $ 126 $ 139 $ 1,062 12 Loans secured by residential real estate made up 100 percent of the post-modification balances of the troubled debt restructured loans that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 76 percent and 65 percent, respectively, of the balances that occurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. The following tables summarize troubled debt restructures that occurred during the twelve months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, that subsequently defaulted during the period indicated and remained in default at period end. For purposes of this schedule, a loan is considered in default if it is 30-days or more past due. There were no loans that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended June 30, 2022. Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Number of Loans Recorded Balance Real estate loans: Commercial real estate, owner occupied 1 $ 27 Total 1 $ 27 Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Number of Loans Recorded Balance Number of Loans Recorded Balance Commercial and industrial loans 2 $ 163 2 $ 163 Real estate loans: Residential 2 $ 195 2 195 Total 4 $ 358 4 $ 358 Commercial troubled debt restructured loans risk graded special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss are individually evaluated for apparent loss and may result in a specific reserve allocation in the allowance for credit losses. Commercial troubled debt restructures that are not individually evaluated for a specific reserve are included in the calculation of allowance for credit losses through the loan segment loss analysis. For all consumer loan modifications, an evaluation to identify if a troubled debt restructure has occurred is performed prior to making the modification. Any subsequent deterioration is addressed through the charge-off process or through a specific reserve allocation included in the allowance for credit losses. Consumer troubled debt restructures that are not individually evaluated for a specific reserve are included in the calculation of the allowance for credit losses through the loan segment loss analysis. Consumer loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process totale d $2.3 million and $3.2 million at June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Purchased Credit Deteriorated Loans The Corporation acquired Level One on April 1, 2022 and performed an evaluation of the loan portfolio in which there were loans that, at acquisition, had more than an insignificant amount of credit quality deterioration. The carrying amount of those loans is shown in the table below: Level One Purchase price of loans at acquisition $ 41,347 CECL Day 1 PCD ACL 16,599 Par value of acquired loans at acquisition $ 57,946 Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans The Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans ("ACL - Loans") is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans to present the net amount expected to be collected on loans over the contractual term. The ACL - Loans is adjusted by the provision for credit losses, which is reported in earnings, and reduced by charge offs for loans, net of recoveries. Provision for credit losses on loans reflects the totality of actions taken on all loans for a particular period including any necessary increases or decreases in the allowance related to changes in credit loss expectations associated with specific loans or pools of loans. Loans are charged off against the allowance when the uncollectibility of the loan is confirmed. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged off and expected to be charged off. The allowance represents the Corporation’s best estimate of current expected credit losses on loans using relevant available information, from internal and external sources, related to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. The current expected credit loss ("CECL") calculation is performed and evaluated quarterly and losses are estimated over the expected life of the loan. The level of the allowance for credit losses is believed to be adequate to absorb all expected future losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the measurement date. In calculating the allowance for credit losses, the loan portfolio was pooled into ten loan segments with similar risk characteristics. Common characteristics include the type or purpose of the loan, underlying collateral and historical/expected credit loss patterns. In developing the loan segments, the Corporation analyzed the degree of correlation in how loans within each portfolio respond when subjected to varying economic conditions and scenarios as well as other portfolio stress factors. The expected credit losses are measured over the life of each loan segment utilizing the Probability of Default / Loss Given Default methodology combined with economic forecast models to estimate the current expected credit loss inherent in the loan portfolio. This approach is also leveraged to estimate the expected credit losses associated with unfunded loan commitments incorporating expected utilization rates. The Corporation sub-segmented certain commercial portfolios by risk level and certain consumer portfolios by delinquency status where appropriate. The Corporation utilized a four-quarter reasonable and supportable economic forecast period followed by a six-quarter, straight-line reversion period to the historical macroeconomic mean for the remaining life of the loans. Econometric modeling was performed using historical default rates and a selection of economic forecast scenarios published by Moody’s to develop a range of estimated credit losses for which to determine the best credit loss estimate within. Macroeconomic factors utilized in the modeling process include the national unemployment rate, BBB US corporate index, CRE price index and the home price index. The Corporation qualitatively adjusts model results for risk factors that are not inherently considered in the quantitative modeling process, but are nonetheless relevant in assessing the expected credit losses within the loan portfolio. These adjustments may increase or decrease the estimate of expected credit losses based upon the assessed level of risk for each qualitative factor. The various risks that may be considered in making qualitative adjustments include, among other things, the impact of (i) changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, (ii) changes in the existence, growth and effect of any concentrations in credit, (iii) changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and practices for collections, write-offs, and recoveries, (iv) changes in the quality of the credit review function, (v) changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff, and (vi) other environmental factors of a borrower such as regulatory, legal and technological considerations, as well as competition. In some cases, management may determine that an individual loan exhibits unique risk characteristics which differentiate the loan from other loans within the loan segments. In such cases, the loans are evaluated for expected credit losses on an individual basis and excluded from the collective evaluation. Specific reserve allocations of the allowance for credit losses are determined by analyzing the borrower’s ability to repay amounts owed, collateral deficiencies, the relative risk grade of the loan and economic conditions affecting the borrower’s industry, among other things. A loan is considered to be collateral dependent when, based upon management's assessment, the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral. In such cases, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the measurement date, adjusted for estimated selling costs if satisfaction of the loan depends on the sale of the collateral. The fair value of collateral supporting collateral dependent loans is evaluated on a quarterly basis. No allowance for credit losses has been recognized for PPP loans as such loans are fully guaranteed by the Small Business Administration ("SBA"). The risk characteristics of the Corporation’s portfolio segments are as follows: Commercial Commercial lending is primarily based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and secondarily on the underlying collateral provided by the borrower. The cash flows of borrowers, however, may not be as expected and the collateral securing these loans may fluctuate in value. Most commercial loans are secured by the tangible assets being financed such as equipment or real estate or other business assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and may incorporate a personal guarantee. Other loans may be unsecured, secured but under-collateralized or otherwise made on the basis of the enterprise value of an organization. In the case of loans secured by accounts receivable, the availability of funds for the repayment of these loans may be substantially dependent on the ability of the borrower to collect amounts due from its customers. Commercial real estate Commercial real estate loans are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and secondarily as loans secured by real estate. Commercial real estate lending typically involves higher loan principal amounts and the repayment of these loans is generally dependent on the successful operation of the property securing the loan or the business conducted on the property securing the loan. The Corporation monitors commercial real estate loans based on collateral and risk grade criteria, as well as the levels of owner-occupied versus non-owner occupied loans. Construction Construction loans are underwritten utilizing a combination of tools and techniques including feasibility and market studies, independent appraisals and appraisal reviews, absorption and interest rate sensitivity analysis as well as the financial analysis of the developer and all guarantors. Construction loans are monitored by either in house or third party inspectors limiting advances to a percentage of costs or stabilized project value. These loans frequently involve the disbursement of significant funds with the repayment dependent upon the successful completion and, where necessary, the future stabilization of the project. The predominant inherent risk of this portfolio is associated with the borrower's ability to successfully complete a project on time, within budget and stabilize the projected as originally projected. Consumer and Residential With respect to residential loans that are secured by 1-4 family residences, which are typically owner occupied, the Corporation generally establishes a maximum loan-to-value ratio and requires private mortgage insurance if that ratio is exceeded. Home equity loans are secured by a subordinate interest in 1-4 family residences, and consumer loans are secured by consumer assets such as automobiles or recreational vehicles. Some consumer loans, such as small installment loans and certain lines of credit, are unsecured. Repayment of these loans is primarily dependent on the personal income and credit rating of the borrowers and can also be impacted by changes in property values. Risk is mitigated by the fact that the loans are of smaller individual amounts and spread over a large number of borrowers. The allowance for credit losses increased $30.3 million and $30.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The increase was primarily due to $16.6 million of allowance for credit losses on PCD loans acquired in the Level One acquisition established through accounting adjustments on the acquisition date. In addition, a provision of $14.0 million was recorded to establish an allowance for credit losses on non-PCD loans acquired in the Level One acquisition. The allowance was offset by net charge-offs of $263,000 and net recoveries of $324,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. The following tables summarize changes in the allowance for credit losses by loan segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021: Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Real Estate Construction Consumer & Residential Total Allowance for credit losses Balances, March 31, 2022 $ 77,637 $ 53,000 $ 20,760 $ 44,587 $ 195,984 Provision for credit losses 805 (6,393) 5,122 466 — CECL Day 1 non-PCD provision for credit losses 2,957 5,539 871 4,588 13,955 CECL Day 1 PCD ACL 12,970 2,981 648 — 16,599 Recoveries on loans 569 201 — 399 1,169 Loans charged off (710) — — (722) (1,432) Balances, June 30, 2022 $ 94,228 $ 55,328 $ 27,401 $ 49,318 $ 226,275 Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 Commercial Commercial Real Estate Construction Consumer & Residential Total Allowance for credit losses Balances, December 31, 2021 $ 69,935 $ 60,665 $ 20,206 $ 44,591 $ 195,397 Provision for credit losses 8,376 (14,643) 5,676 591 — CECL Day 1 non-PCD provision for credit losses 2,957 5,539 871 4,588 13,955 CECL Day 1 PCD ACL 12,970 2,981 648 — 16,599 Recoveries on loans 708 908 — 605 2,221 Loans charged off (718) (122) — (1,057) (1,897) Balances, June 30, 2022 $ 94,228 $ 55,328 $ 27,401 $ 49,318 $ 226,275 Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Commercial Real Estate Construction Consumer & Residential Total Allowance for credit losses Balances, March 31, 2021 $ 65,722 $ 70,861 $ 20,182 $ 44,317 $ 201,082 Provision for credit losses (1,898) 2,842 (3,106) 2,162 — Recoveries on loans 152 33 1 226 412 Loans charged off (295) (1,035) — (389) (1,719) Balances, June 30, 2021 $ 63,681 $ 72,701 $ 17,077 $ 46,316 $ 199,775 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 Commercial Commercial R |