SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) | 12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract] | ' |
ACCOUNTING METHOD | ' |
| a. | ACCOUNTING METHOD |
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The Company uses the accrual method of accounting for financial statement and tax return purposes. |
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PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION | ' |
| b. | PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION |
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The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SORL Auto Parts, Inc. and its majority owned subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation. |
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USE OF ESTIMATES | ' |
| c. | USE OF ESTIMATES |
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The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management makes its best estimate of the outcome for these items based on historical trends and other information available when the financial statements are prepared. Changes in estimates are recognized in accordance with the accounting rules for the estimate, which is typically in the period when new information becomes available to management. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
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FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | ' |
| d. | FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS |
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For certain of the Company's financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and payables, prepaid expenses, deposits and other current assets, short-term bank borrowings, accounts payable, and other payables and accruals, the carrying amounts approximate fair values due to their short maturities. |
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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | ' |
| e. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
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A related party is generally defined as (i) any person that holds 10% or more of the Company's securities and their immediate families, (ii) the Company's management, (iii) someone that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Company, or (iv) anyone who can significantly influence the financial and operating decisions of the Company. A transaction is considered to be a related party transaction when there is a transfer of resources or obligations between related parties. The Company conducts business with its related parties in the ordinary course of business. All transactions have been recorded at fair market value of the goods and services exchanged. |
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FINANCIAL RISK FACTORS AND FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT | ' |
| f. | FINANCIAL RISK FACTORS AND FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT |
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The Company is exposed to the following risk factors: |
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(i) Credit risks - The Company has policies in place to ensure that sales of products are made to customers with an appropriate credit history. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations with respect to the financial condition of its creditors, but does not require collateral. In order to determine the value of the Company's accounts receivable, the Company records a provision for doubtful accounts to cover probable credit losses. Management reviews and adjusts this allowance periodically based on historical experience and its evaluation of the collection of outstanding accounts receivable. The Company has two customers that each respectively account for more than 5.0% of its total revenues for the period. The Company also has a concentration of credit risk due to geographic sales as a majority of its products are marketed and sold in the PRC. |
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(ii) Liquidity risks - Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash, the availability of funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities and ability to close out market positions. |
(iii) Interest rate risk - The interest rate and terms of repayments of short-term bank borrowings are approximately 4.3% for 2013. The Company's income and cash flows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates. The Company has no significant interest-bearing assets. The Company's policy is to maintain all of its borrowings in fixed rate instruments. |
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS | ' |
| g. | CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
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The Company considers all highly liquid instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. |
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INVENTORIES | ' |
| h. | INVENTORIES |
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Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost computed on a weighted-average basis. Cost includes all costs of purchase, cost of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. |
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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT | ' |
| i. | PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT |
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Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. The initial cost of the asset comprises its purchase price and any directly attributable costs of bringing the asset to its working condition and location for its intended use. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the respective assets as follows: |
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Category | | Estimated Useful Life(Years) |
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Buildings | | 20-Oct |
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Machinery and equipment | | 10-May |
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Electronic equipment | | 5 |
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Motor vehicles | | 10-May |
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Significant improvements and betterments are capitalized where it is probable that the expenditure resulted in an increase in the future economic benefits expected to be obtained from the use of the asset beyond its originally assessed standard of performance. Routine repairs and maintenance are expensed when incurred. Gains and losses on disposal of fixed assets are recognized in the income statement based on the net disposal proceeds less the carrying amount of the assets. |
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LAND USE RIGHTS | ' |
| j. | LAND USE RIGHTS |
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According to the law of China, the government owns all the land in China. Companies or individuals are authorized to possess and use the land only through land use rights granted by the Chinese government. Land use rights are being amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of 45 years. |
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The Company purchased the land use rights from Ruili Group, a related party. The Company has not yet obtained the land use right certificate. |
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IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS | ' |
| k. | IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS |
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Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and other non-current assets, including intangible assets, are reviewed periodically for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized when the estimated undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset or group of assets is less than their carrying value. If impairment exists, an adjustment is made to write the asset down to its fair value, and a loss is recorded as the difference between the carrying value and fair value. Fair values are determined based on quoted market values, discounted cash flows or internal and external appraisals, as applicable. Assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of carrying value or estimated net realizable value. |
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INTANGIBLE ASSETS | ' |
| l. | INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
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Intangible assets represent mainly the patent of technology, plus the computer software. Intangible assets are measured initially at cost. Intangible assets are recognized if it is probable that the future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the enterprise and the cost of the asset can be measured reliably. After initial recognition, intangible assets are measured at cost less any impairment losses. Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives. |
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ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR BAD DEBTS | ' |
| m. | ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLES AND ALLOWANCE FOR BAD DEBTS |
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The Company presents accounts receivables, net of allowances for doubtful accounts and returns, to ensure accounts receivable are not overstated due to being uncollectible. Accounts receivables generated from credit sales have general credit terms of 90 days for domestic aftermarket customers. |
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The allowances are calculated based on a detailed review of certain individual customer accounts, historical rates and an estimation of the overall economic conditions affecting the Company's customer base. The Company reviews a customer's credit history before extending credit. If the financial condition of its customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. |
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The Company will write off the uncollectible receivables once the customers are bankrupt or there is a remote possibility that the Company will collect the outstanding balance. The write-off must be reported to the local tax authorities and receive official approval from them. To date, the Company has not written off any account receivable. |
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NOTES RECEIVABLE | ' |
| n. | NOTES RECEIVABLE |
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Notes receivable generally due within 30 to 60 days are issued by some customers to pay certain outstanding receivable balances to the Company with specific payment terms and definitive due dates. Notes receivable do not bear interest. |
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REVENUE RECOGNITION | ' |
| o. | REVENUE RECOGNITION |
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Revenue from the sale of goods is recognized when the risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have transferred to the buyer including factors such as when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exits, delivery has occurred, the sales price is fixed and determinable, and collection is probable. Revenue consists of the invoice value for the sale of goods and services net of value-added tax ("VAT"), rebates and discounts and returns. The Company nets sales return in gross revenue, i.e., the revenue shown in the income statement is the net sales. |
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INCOME TAXES | ' |
| p. | INCOME TAXES |
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The Company accounts for income taxes under the provision of FASB ASC 740-10 whereby deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary; to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. |
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FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION | ' |
| q. | FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION |
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The Company maintains its books and accounting records in Renminbi ("RMB"), the currency of the PRC, The Company's functional currency is also RMB. The Company has adopted FASB ASC 830-30 in translating financial statement amounts from RMB to the Company's reporting currency, United States dollars ("US$"). All assets and liabilities are translated at the current rate. The shareholders' equity accounts are translated at appropriate historical rate. Revenue and expenses are translated at the weighted average rates in effect on the transaction dates. |
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Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income in the statement of stockholders' equity. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are include in the results of operations as incurred. |
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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION | ' |
| r. | STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION |
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Stock-based compensation expense is recognized based on grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with an authoritative pronouncement. The Company recognizes the compensation costs net of a forfeiture rate on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award with a corresponding impact reflected in additional paid-in capital. The estimate of forfeitures will be adjusted over the requisite service period to the extent that actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from such estimates. Changes in estimated forfeitures will be recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period of change and will also impact the amount of stock compensation expense to be recognized in future periods. |
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EMPLOYEES' BENEFITS | ' |
| s. | EMPLOYEES' BENEFITS |
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Mandatory contributions are made to Government's health, retirement benefit and unemployment schemes at the statutory rates in force during the period, based on gross salary payments. The cost of these payments is charged to the statement of income in the same period as the related salary costs. |
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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES | ' |
| t. | RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES |
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Research and development expenses are classified as general and administrative expenses and are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses were $7,550,010 for the year ended December 31, 2013, as compared with $7,849,101 for the year ended December 31, 2012, respectively. |
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SHIPPING AND HANDLING COSTS | ' |
| u. | SHIPPING AND HANDLING COSTS |
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Shipping and handling cost are classified as selling expenses and are expensed as incurred. Shipping and handling costs were $3,980,078 and $4,361,577 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
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ADVERTISING COSTS | ' |
| v. | ADVERTISING COSTS |
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Advertising costs are classified as selling expenses and are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs were $270,145 and $294,902 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
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WARRANTY CLAIMS | ' |
| w. | WARRANTY CLAIMS |
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The Company provides for the estimated cost of product warranties when the products are sold. Such estimates of product warranties were based on, among other things, historical experience, product changes, material expenses, and service and transportation expenses arising from the manufactured product. Estimates will be adjusted on the basis of actual claims and circumstances. Warranty claims were $2,163,950 and $3,787,738 for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively. |
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PURCHASE DISCOUNTS | ' |
| x. | PURCHASE DISCOUNTS |
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Purchase discounts represent discounts received from vendors for purchasing raw materials and are netted in the cost of goods sold, if applicable. |
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LEASE COMMITMENTS | ' |
| y. | LEASE COMMITMENTS |
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The Company has adopted FASB ASC 840. If the lease terms meet one or all of the following four criteria, it will be classified as a capital lease, otherwise, it is an operating lease: (1) The lease transfers the title to the lessee at the end of the term; (2) the lease contains a bargain purchase option; (3) the lease term is equal to 75% of the estimated economic life of the leased property or more; (4) the present value of the minimum lease payment in the term equals or exceeds 90% of the fair value of the leased property. |
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RECENTLY ISSUED FINANCIAL STANDARDS | ' |
| z. | RECENTLY ISSUED FINANCIAL STANDARDS |
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In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02, "Reporting of Amounts Reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income" ("ASU 2013-02"). Under ASU 2013-02, an entity is required to provide information about the amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition, an entity is required to present, either on the face of the financial statements or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income by the respective line items of net income, but only if the amount reclassified is required to be reclassified in its entirety in the same reporting period. For amounts that are not required to be reclassified in their entirety to net income, an entity is required to cross-reference to other disclosures that provide additional details about those amounts. ASU 2013-02 does not change the current requirements for reporting net income or other comprehensive income in the financial statements. The amendments in this update will be effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2012. The Company adopted this pronouncement effective January 1, 2013 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. |
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In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-05, "Foreign Currency Matters (Topic 830)-Parent's Accounting for the Cumulative Translation Adjustment upon Derecognition of Certain Subsidiaries or Groups of Assets within a Foreign Entity or of an Investment in a Foreign Entity". These amendments provide guidance on releasing Cumulative Translation Adjustments when a reporting entity (parent) ceases to have a controlling financial interest in a subsidiary or group of assets that is a nonprofit activity or a business within a foreign entity. In addition, these amendments provide guidance on the release of CTA in partial sales of equity method investments and in step acquisitions. For public entities, the amendments are effective on a prospective basis for fiscal years and interim reporting periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The amendments should be applied prospectively to derecognition events occurring after the effective date. Prior periods should not be adjusted. The Company does not expect the adoption to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
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In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, "Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists". These amendments provide that an unrecognized tax benefit, or a portion thereof, should be presented in the financial statements as a reduction to a deferred tax asset for a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward, except to the extent that a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward is not available at the reporting date to settle any additional income taxes that would result from disallowance of a tax position, or the tax law does not require the entity to use, and the entity does not intend to use, the deferred tax asset for such purpose, then the unrecognized tax benefit should be presented as a liability. For public entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of ASU 2013-11 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. |
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