UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark one)
| | |
þ | | Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2009
or
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o | | Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
US Airways Group, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(Commission File No. 1-8444)
54-1194634 (IRS Employer Identification No.)
111 West Rio Salado Parkway, Tempe, Arizona 85281
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
US Airways, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
(Commission File No. 1-8442)
53-0218143 (IRS Employer Identification No.)
111 West Rio Salado Parkway, Tempe, Arizona 85281
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(480) 693-0800
(Registrants’ telephone number, including area code)
Delaware
(State of Incorporation of all Registrants)
Indicate by check mark whether each registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether each registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yesþ Noo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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US Airways Group, Inc. | | Large accelerated filero | | Accelerated filerþ | | Non-accelerated filero | | Smaller reporting companyo |
US Airways, Inc. | | Large accelerated filero | | Accelerated filero | | Non-accelerated filerþ | | Smaller reporting companyo |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
| | | | |
US Airways Group, Inc. | | Yeso | | Noþ |
US Airways, Inc. | | Yeso | | Noþ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.
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US Airways Group, Inc. | | Yesþ | | Noo |
US Airways, Inc. | | Yesþ | | Noo |
As of April 17, 2009, there were approximately 114,309,043 shares of US Airways Group, Inc. common stock outstanding.
As of April 17, 2009, US Airways, Inc. had 1,000 shares of common stock outstanding, all of which were held by US Airways Group, Inc.
US Airways Group, Inc.
US Airways, Inc.
Form 10-Q
Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2009
Table of Contents
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This combined Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is filed by US Airways Group, Inc. (“US Airways Group”) and its wholly owned subsidiary US Airways, Inc. (“US Airways”). References in this Form 10-Q to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” refer to US Airways Group and its consolidated subsidiaries.
Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
Certain of the statements contained in this report should be considered “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “could,” “should,” and “continue” and similar terms used in connection with statements regarding, among others, our outlook, expected fuel costs, the revenue environment, and our expected financial performance. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the benefits of the business combination transaction involving America West Holdings Corporation (“America West Holdings”) and US Airways Group, including future financial and operating results, our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions and other statements that are not historical facts. These statements are based upon the current beliefs and expectations of management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results and financial position to differ materially from these statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described below under Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors,” and the following:
| • | | the impact of future significant operating losses; |
|
| • | | economic conditions; |
| • | | a reduction in the availability of financing and changes in prevailing interest rates that result in increased costs of financing; |
| • | | our high level of fixed obligations and our ability to obtain and maintain financing for operations and other purposes and operate pursuant to the terms of our financing facilities (particularly the financial covenants); |
| • | | our ability to maintain adequate liquidity; |
| • | | labor costs and relations with unionized employees generally and the impact and outcome of labor negotiations, including our ability to complete the integration of the labor groups of US Airways Group and America West Holdings; |
| • | | our reliance on vendors and service providers and our ability to obtain and maintain commercially reasonable terms with those vendors and service providers; |
| • | | the impact of fuel price volatility, significant disruptions in the supply of aircraft fuel and further significant increases to fuel prices; |
| • | | our reliance on automated systems and the impact of any failure or disruption of these systems; |
| • | | the impact of the integration of our business units; |
|
| • | | the impact of changes in our business model; |
| • | | competitive practices in the industry, including significant fare restructuring activities, capacity reductions and in court or out of court restructuring by major airlines; |
| • | | the impact of industry consolidation; |
|
| • | | our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; |
| • | | the impact of global instability, including the current instability in the Middle East, the continuing impact of the military presence in Iraq and Afghanistan and the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and the potential impact of future hostilities, terrorist attacks, infectious disease outbreaks or other global events that affect travel behavior; |
| • | | changes in government legislation and regulation; |
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| • | | our ability to obtain and maintain adequate facilities and infrastructure to operate and grow our route network; |
| • | | the impact of environmental laws and regulations; |
| • | | costs of ongoing data security compliance requirements and the impact of any data security breach; |
| • | | interruptions or disruptions in service at one or more of our hub airports; |
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| • | | the impact of any accident involving our aircraft; |
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| • | | delays in scheduled aircraft deliveries or other loss of anticipated fleet capacity; |
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| • | | the impact of weather conditions and seasonality of airline travel; |
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| • | | the cyclical nature of the airline industry; |
| • | | the impact of possible future increases in insurance costs and disruptions to insurance markets; |
| • | | the impact of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; |
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| • | | our ability to use pre-merger NOLs and certain other tax attributes; |
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| • | | our ability to maintain contracts that are critical to our operations; |
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| • | | our ability to attract and retain customers; and |
| • | | other risks and uncertainties listed from time to time in our reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
All of the forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed in Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors.” There may be other factors not identified above, or in Part II, Item 1A, of which we are not currently aware that may affect matters discussed in the forward-looking statements and may also cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed. We assume no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting these estimates other than as required by law. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q.
Part I. Financial Information
This combined Form 10-Q is filed by US Airways Group and US Airways and includes the financial statements of each company in Item 1A and Item 1B, respectively.
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Item 1A. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of US Airways Group, Inc.
US Airways Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In millions, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | | |
Mainline passenger | | $ | 1,611 | | | $ | 1,953 | |
Express passenger | | | 551 | | | | 657 | |
Cargo | | | 24 | | | | 36 | |
Other | | | 269 | | | | 194 | |
| | | | | | |
Total operating revenues | | | 2,455 | | | | 2,840 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Aircraft fuel and related taxes | | | 378 | | | | 823 | |
Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net | | | 27 | | | | (117 | ) |
Salaries and related costs | | | 551 | | | | 563 | |
Express expenses | | | 604 | | | | 734 | |
Aircraft rent | | | 178 | | | | 178 | |
Aircraft maintenance | | | 174 | | | | 213 | |
Other rent and landing fees | | | 131 | | | | 145 | |
Selling expenses | | | 92 | | | | 104 | |
Special items, net | | | 6 | | | | 26 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 60 | | | | 50 | |
Other | | | 279 | | | | 317 | |
| | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | | 2,480 | | | | 3,036 | |
| | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | (25 | ) | | | (196 | ) |
Nonoperating income (expense): | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | | 6 | | | | 29 | |
Interest expense, net | | | (71 | ) | | | (61 | ) |
Other, net | | | (13 | ) | | | (9 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total nonoperating expense, net | | | (78 | ) | | | (41 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Loss before income taxes | | | (103 | ) | | | (237 | ) |
Income tax provision | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (103 | ) | | $ | (237 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Loss per common share: | | | | | | | | |
Basic loss per common share | | $ | (0.90 | ) | | $ | (2.58 | ) |
Diluted loss per common share | | $ | (0.90 | ) | | $ | (2.58 | ) |
Shares used for computation (in thousands): | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 114,121 | | | | 92,023 | |
Diluted | | | 114,121 | | | | 92,023 | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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US Airways Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In millions, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 1,262 | | | $ | 1,034 | |
Investments in marketable securities | | | — | | | | 20 | |
Restricted cash | | | 166 | | | | 186 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 377 | | | | 293 | |
Materials and supplies, net | | | 206 | | | | 201 | |
Prepaid expenses and other | | | 552 | | | | 684 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 2,563 | | | | 2,418 | |
Property and equipment | | | | | | | | |
Flight equipment | | | 3,202 | | | | 3,157 | |
Ground property and equipment | | | 858 | | | | 816 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (1,003 | ) | | | (954 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | | 3,057 | | | | 3,019 | |
Equipment purchase deposits | | | 347 | | | | 267 | |
| | | | | | |
Total property and equipment | | | 3,404 | | | | 3,286 | |
Other assets | | | | | | | | |
Other intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $94 million and $87 million, respectively | | | 538 | | | | 545 | |
Restricted cash | | | 503 | | | | 540 | |
Investments in marketable securities | | | 180 | | | | 187 | |
Other assets, net | | | 233 | | | | 238 | |
| | | | | | |
Total other assets | | | 1,454 | | | | 1,510 | |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 7,421 | | | $ | 7,214 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | | | | | | |
Current maturities of debt and capital leases | | $ | 423 | | | $ | 362 | |
Accounts payable | | | 636 | | | | 797 | |
Air traffic liability | | | 939 | | | | 698 | |
Accrued compensation and vacation | | | 188 | | | | 158 | |
Accrued taxes | | | 200 | | | | 142 | |
Other accrued expenses | | | 884 | | | | 887 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 3,270 | | | | 3,044 | |
Noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt and capital leases, net of current maturities | | | 3,734 | | | | 3,623 | |
Deferred gains and credits, net | | | 305 | | | | 323 | |
Postretirement benefits other than pensions | | | 109 | | | | 108 | |
Employee benefit liabilities and other | | | 599 | | | | 610 | |
| | | | | | |
Total noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits | | | 4,747 | | | | 4,664 | |
Commitments and contingencies | | | | | | | | |
Stockholders’ deficit | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized, 114,536,165 and 114,122,172 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2009; 114,527,377 and 114,113,384 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2008 | | | 1 | | | | 1 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 1,794 | | | | 1,789 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 61 | | | | 65 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (2,439 | ) | | | (2,336 | ) |
Treasury stock, common stock, 413,993 shares at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 | | | (13 | ) | | | (13 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ deficit | | | (596 | ) | | | (494 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit | | $ | 7,421 | | | $ | 7,214 | |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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US Airways Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | $ | 187 | | | $ | (25 | ) |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (135 | ) | | | (150 | ) |
Purchases of marketable securities | | | — | | | | (90 | ) |
Sales of marketable securities | | | 20 | | | | 151 | |
Proceeds from sale of other investments | | | — | | | | 3 | |
Decrease in long-term restricted cash | | | 37 | | | | 5 | |
Proceeds from dispositions of property and equipment | | | 52 | | | | — | |
Increase in equipment purchase deposits | | | (48 | ) | | | (36 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (74 | ) | | | (117 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Repayments of debt and capital lease obligations | | | (105 | ) | | | (149 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of debt | | | 221 | | | | 251 | |
Deferred financing costs | | | (1 | ) | | | (3 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 115 | | | | 99 | |
| | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 228 | | | | (43 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 1,034 | | | | 1,948 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 1,262 | | | $ | 1,905 | |
| | | | | | |
Non-cash investing and financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Note payable issued for equipment purchase deposit | | $ | 32 | | | $ | — | |
Interest payable converted to debt | | | 9 | | | | — | |
Maintenance payable converted to debt | | | 9 | | | | — | |
Net unrealized loss on available for sale securities | | | — | | | | 45 | |
Supplemental information: | | | | | | | | |
Interest paid | | $ | 63 | | | $ | 70 | |
Income taxes paid | | | — | | | | — | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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US Airways Group, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of US Airways Group, Inc. (“US Airways Group” or the “Company”) should be read in conjunction with the financial statements contained in US Airways Group’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of US Airways Group and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Wholly owned subsidiaries include US Airways, Inc. (“US Airways”), Piedmont Airlines, Inc. (“Piedmont”), PSA Airlines, Inc. (“PSA”), Material Services Company, Inc. (“MSC”) and Airways Assurance Limited, LLC (“AAL”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Management believes that all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of results, consisting of normally recurring items, have been included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The principal areas of judgment relate to passenger revenue recognition, impairment of goodwill, impairment of long-lived and intangible assets, valuation of investments in marketable securities, the frequent traveler program and the deferred tax valuation allowance.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement).” FSP APB 14-1 applies to convertible debt instruments that, by their stated terms, may be settled in cash (or other assets) upon conversion, including partial cash settlement of the conversion option. FSP APB 14-1 requires bifurcation of the instrument into a debt component that is initially recorded at fair value and an equity component. The difference between the fair value of the debt component and the initial proceeds from issuance of the instrument is recorded as a component of equity. The liability component of the debt instrument is accreted to par using the effective yield method; accretion is reported as a component of interest expense. The equity component is not subsequently re-valued as long as it continues to qualify for equity treatment. FSP APB 14-1 must be applied retrospectively to previously issued cash-settleable convertible instruments as well as prospectively to newly issued instruments. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.
The Company issued a total of $144 million of 7% senior convertible notes on September 30, 2005. As of March 31, 2009, $74 million of par value remained outstanding under the 7% senior convertible notes. The holders of these notes may convert, at any time on or prior to maturity or redemption, any outstanding notes (or portions thereof) into shares of the Company’s common stock, initially at a conversion rate of 41.4508 shares of stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $24.12 per share). In lieu of delivery of shares of common stock upon conversion of all or any portion of the notes, the Company may elect to pay cash or a combination of shares and cash to holders surrendering notes for conversion. The 7% senior convertible notes are subject to the provisions of FSP 14-1 since the notes can be settled in cash upon conversion.
The Company adopted FSP APB 14-1 on January 1, 2009. The Company concluded that the fair value of the equity component of its 7% senior convertible notes at the time of issuance in 2005 was $47 million. Upon retrospective application, the adoption resulted in a $29 million increase in accumulated deficit at December 31, 2008, comprised of non-cash interest expense of $17 million for the years 2005-2008 and non-cash losses on debt extinguishment of $12 million related to the partial conversion of certain notes to common stock in 2006. As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the carrying value of the equity component was $40 million. The principal amount of the outstanding notes, the unamortized discount and the net carrying value at March 31, 2009 was $74 million, $10 million and $64 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2008 was $74 million, $11 million and $63 million, respectively. The remaining period over which the unamortized discount will be recognized is 1.5 years. The Company recognized $1 million in non-cash interest expense in each of the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, related to the adoption of FSP APB 14-1. The following table presents the December 31, 2008 balance sheet line items affected as adjusted and as originally reported (in millions).
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| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2008 | |
| | As Adjusted | | | As Reported | |
Long-term debt and capital leases, net of current maturities | | $ | 3,623 | | | $ | 3,634 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 1,789 | | | | 1,749 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (2,336 | ) | | | (2,307 | ) |
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP Financial Accounting Standards (“FAS”) 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments.” This FSP changes existing guidance for determining whether an impairment of debt securities is other than temporary. The FSP requires other than temporary impairments to be separated into the amount representing the decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from a security (referred to as credit losses) which is recognized in earnings and the amount related to other factors which is recognized in other comprehensive income. This noncredit loss component of the impairment may only be classified in other comprehensive income if the holder of the security concludes that it does not intend to sell and it will not more likely than not be required to sell the security before it recovers its value. If these conditions are not met, the noncredit loss must also be recognized in earnings. When adopting the FSP, an entity is required to record a cumulative effect adjustment as of the beginning of the period of adoption to reclassify the noncredit component of a previously recognized other than temporary impairment from retained earnings to accumulated other comprehensive income. FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. Management is currently evaluating the requirements of the FSP and has not yet determined the impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” This FSP provides additional guidance on estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability have significantly decreased in relation to normal market activity for the asset or liability. The FSP also provides additional guidance on circumstances that may indicate that a transaction is not orderly. FSP FAS 157-4 is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. The Company does not believe the adoption of this FSP will materially impact the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.
2. Special Items, Net
Special items, net as shown on the condensed consolidated statements of operations included the following charges for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Lease return costs and penalties (a) | | $ | 5 | | | $ | — | |
Severance charges (b) | | | 1 | | | | — | |
Merger related transition expenses (c) | | | — | | | | 26 | |
| | | | | | |
Special items, net | | $ | 6 | | | $ | 26 | |
| | | | | | |
| | |
(a) | | In connection with capacity reductions, the Company recorded $5 million in charges for lease return costs and penalties related to certain Airbus aircraft. |
|
(b) | | As a result of capacity reductions, the Company recorded $1 million in severance charges. |
|
(c) | | In connection with the effort to consolidate functions and integrate the Company’s organizations, procedures and operations, the Company incurred $26 million of merger related transition expenses. These expenses included $9 million in uniform costs to transition employees to the new US Airways uniforms; $5 million in applicable employment tax expenses related to contractual benefits granted to certain current and former employees as a result of the merger; $4 million in compensation expenses for equity awards granted in connection with the merger to retain key employees through the integration period; $3 million of aircraft livery costs; $3 million in professional and technical fees related to the integration of airline operations systems and $2 million in other expenses. |
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3. Loss Per Common Share
Basic earnings (loss) per common share (“EPS”) is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding employee stock options, employee stock appreciation rights, employee restricted stock units and convertible debt. The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted EPS (in millions, except share and per share amounts):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | | | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Basic and diluted loss per share: | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (103 | ) | | $ | (237 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands) | | | 114,121 | | | | 92,023 | |
| | | | | | |
Basic and diluted loss per share | | $ | (0.90 | ) | | $ | (2.58 | ) |
| | | | | | |
For the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, 9,674,947 and 5,773,732 shares, respectively, underlying stock options, stock appreciation rights and restricted stock units were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because inclusion of such shares would be antidilutive or because the exercise prices were greater than the average market price of common stock for the period. In addition, for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, 3,050,148 incremental shares from the assumed conversion of the 7% senior convertible notes were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS due to their antidilutive effect.
4. Debt
The following table details the Company’s debt (in millions). Variable interest rates listed are the rates as of March 31, 2009.
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Secured | | | | | | | | |
Citicorp North America loan, variable interest rate of 3.02%, installments due through 2014 | | $ | 1,168 | | | $ | 1,184 | |
Equipment loans, aircraft pre-delivery payment financings and other notes payable, fixed and variable interest rates ranging from 1.91% to 10.51%, averaging 4.76%, maturing from 2010 to 2021 | | | 1,835 | | | | 1,674 | |
Aircraft enhanced equipment trust certificates (“EETCs”), fixed interest rates ranging from 7.08% to 9.01%, averaging 7.79%, maturing from 2015 to 2022 | | | 519 | | | | 540 | |
Slot financing, fixed interest rate of 8.08%, interest only payments until due in 2015 | | | 47 | | | | 47 | |
Capital lease obligations, interest rate of 8%, installments due through 2021 | | | 39 | | | | 39 | |
Senior secured discount notes, variable interest rate of 5.39%, due in 2009 | | | 32 | | | | 32 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 3,640 | | | | 3,516 | |
|
Unsecured | | | | | | | | |
Barclays prepaid miles, variable interest rate of 5.25%, interest only payments | | | 200 | | | | 200 | |
Airbus advance, repayments beginning in 2010 through 2018 | | | 217 | | | | 207 | |
7% senior convertible notes, interest only payments until due in 2020 | | | 74 | | | | 74 | |
Engine maintenance notes | | | 77 | | | | 72 | |
Industrial development bonds, fixed interest rate of 6.3%, interest only payments until due in 2023 | | | 29 | | | | 29 | |
Note payable to Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, fixed interest rate of 6%, interest only payments until due in 2012 | | | 10 | | | | 10 | |
Other notes payable, due in 2009 to 2011 | | | 70 | | | | 45 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 677 | | | | 637 | |
| | | | | | |
Total long-term debt and capital lease obligations | | | 4,317 | | | | 4,153 | |
Less: Total unamortized discount on debt | | | (160 | ) | | | (168 | ) |
Current maturities, less $5 million and $10 million of unamortized discount on debt at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively | | | (423 | ) | | | (362 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current maturities | | $ | 3,734 | | | $ | 3,623 | |
| | | | | | |
On January 16, 2009, US Airways exercised its right to obtain new loan commitments and incur additional loans under a spare parts loan agreement. In connection with the exercise of that right, Airbus Financial Services funded $50 million in satisfaction of a previous commitment. This loan will mature on October 20, 2014, will bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a margin and will be secured by the collateral securing loans under the spare parts loan agreement.
10
On March 31, 2009, US Airways again exercised its right to obtain new loan commitments and incur additional loans under the spare parts loan agreement and borrowed $50 million. This loan will mature on October 20, 2014, will bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a margin and will be secured by the collateral securing loans under the spare parts loan agreement. With a portion of the proceeds, US Airways purchased an A321 aircraft previously leased to US Airways by an affiliate of the debt holder. As a result, this aircraft became unencumbered.
5. Income Taxes
As of December 31, 2008, the Company had approximately $1.49 billion of gross net operating loss carryforwards (“NOL”) to reduce future federal taxable income. Of this amount, approximately $1.44 billion was available to reduce federal taxable income in the calendar year 2009. The NOL expires during the years 2022 through 2028. The Company’s deferred tax asset, which included $1.41 billion of the NOL discussed above, has been subject to a full valuation allowance. The Company also had approximately $77 million of tax-effected state NOL as of December 31, 2008.
In assessing the realizability of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The Company has recorded a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income (including reversals of deferred tax liabilities) during the periods in which those temporary differences will become deductible.
The Company reported a loss in the first quarter of 2009 and 2008 and did not record a tax provision in either period.
6. Express Expenses
Expenses associated with the Company’s wholly owned regional airlines and affiliate regional airlines operating as US Airways Express are classified as Express expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Express expenses consist of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Aircraft fuel and related taxes | | $ | 123 | | | $ | 249 | |
Salaries and related costs | | | 63 | | | | 63 | |
Capacity purchases | | | 263 | | | | 263 | |
Aircraft rent | | | 13 | | | | 13 | |
Aircraft maintenance | | | 23 | | | | 22 | |
Other rent and landing fees | | | 31 | | | | 27 | |
Selling expenses | | | 34 | | | | 38 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 6 | | | | 6 | |
Other expenses | | | 48 | | | | 53 | |
| | | | | | |
Express expenses | | $ | 604 | | | $ | 734 | |
| | | | | | |
7. Derivative Instruments
Because the Company’s operations are dependent upon aviation fuel, significant increases in aviation fuel costs materially and adversely affect its liquidity, results of operations and financial condition. To manage the risk of changes in aviation fuel prices, the Company periodically enters into derivative contracts comprised of heating oil-based derivative instruments to hedge a portion of its projected jet fuel requirements. As of March 31, 2009, the Company had fuel hedge transactions consisting of collars with no premiums to hedge approximately 9% of its remaining projected 2009 mainline and Express jet fuel requirements at a weighted average collar range of $3.50 to $3.70 per gallon of heating oil or $139.98 to $148.38 per barrel of estimated crude oil equivalent.
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The Company has open fuel hedging instruments in place, which do not currently qualify for hedge accounting. Accordingly, the derivative hedging instruments are recorded as an asset or liability on the balance sheet at fair value and any changes in fair value are recorded in the period of change as gains or losses on fuel hedging instruments, net in operating expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of the Company’s fuel hedging derivative instruments at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was a net liability of $205 million and $375 million, respectively, recorded in accounts payable. If oil prices remain at the same level as March 31, 2009, the $205 million of unrealized losses will be realized in the second and third quarters of 2009 in the amount of $146 million and $59 million, respectively. Refer to Note 9 for discussion on how the Company determines the fair value of its fuel hedging derivative instruments. The following table details the Company’s loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Realized loss (gain) | | $ | 197 | | | $ | (81 | ) |
Unrealized gain | | | (170 | ) | | | (36 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net | | $ | 27 | | | $ | (117 | ) |
| | | | | | |
When the Company’s fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net asset position, the Company is exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to its fuel hedging derivatives. The amount of such credit exposure is limited to the unrealized gains on the Company’s fuel hedging derivatives. To manage credit risks, the Company carefully selects counterparties, conducts transactions with multiple counterparties which limits its exposure to any single counterparty and monitors the market position of the program and its relative market position with each counterparty. The Company also maintains industry-standard security agreements with all of its counterparties which may require the counterparty to post collateral if the value of the fuel hedging derivatives exceeds specified thresholds related to the counterparty’s credit ratings.
When the Company’s fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net liability position, the Company is exposed to credit risks related to the return of collateral in situations in which the Company has posted collateral with counterparties for unrealized losses. When possible, in order to mitigate this risk, the Company provides letters of credit to certain counterparties in lieu of cash. At March 31, 2009, $165 million related to letters of credit collateralizing certain counterparties to the Company’s fuel hedging transactions is included in short-term restricted cash. In addition, at March 31, 2009, the Company had $79 million in cash deposits held by counterparties to collateralize its fuel hedging transactions. Since the third quarter of 2008, the Company has not entered into any new transactions as part of its fuel hedging program due to the impact collateral requirements could have on its liquidity if the price of oil continues to fall.
Further declines in heating oil prices would result in additional collateral requirements with the Company’s counterparties, unrealized losses on its existing fuel hedging derivative instruments and realized losses at the time of settlement of these fuel hedging derivative instruments.
8. Investments in Marketable Securities (Noncurrent)
As of March 31, 2009, the Company held auction rate securities totaling $411 million at par value, which are classified as available for sale securities and noncurrent assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contractual maturities for these auction rate securities range from seven to 43 years, with 62% of the Company’s portfolio maturing within the next ten years, 10% maturing within the next 20 years, 16% maturing within the next 30 years and 12% maturing thereafter through 2052. Current yields range from 1.3% to 3.06%. With the liquidity issues experienced in the global credit and capital markets, all of the Company’s auction rate securities have experienced failed auctions since August 2007. The estimated fair value of these auction rate securities no longer approximates par value. Refer to Note 9 for discussion on how the Company determines the fair value of its investments in auction rate securities.
At March 31, 2009, the fair value of the Company’s auction rate securities was $180 million, a decline of $7 million from December 31, 2008 and $231 million from par. The decline in the first quarter of 2009 was deemed to be an other than temporary impairment due to continued declines in the fair values of certain securities. Accordingly, the Company recorded $7 million in impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net in the first quarter of 2009 related to the other than temporary impairment of its auction rate securities.
In the first quarter of 2008, the Company recorded $13 million of impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net related to other than temporary impairment on two auction rate securities. Of the impairment charges, $9 million was due to a security’s downgrade from a credit rating of AA to B and a further decline in a second security with subprime exposure. The Company also recognized an additional $4 million impairment charge for one security’s previously recorded unrealized losses in other comprehensive income.
12
The Company continues to monitor the market for auction rate securities and consider its impact (if any) on the fair value of its investments. If the current market conditions deteriorate further, the Company may be required to record additional impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net in future periods.
9. Fair Value Measurements
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Quoted Prices in | | | Significant Other | | | Significant | | | | |
| | | | | | Active Markets for | | | Observable | | | Unobservable | | | | |
| | | | | | Identical Assets | | | Inputs | | | Inputs | | | Valuation | |
| | Fair Value | | | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | | | Technique | |
At March 31, 2009 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in marketable securities (noncurrent) | | $ | 180 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 180 | | | | (1 | ) |
Fuel hedging derivatives | | | (205 | ) | | | — | | | | (205 | ) | | | — | | | | (2 | ) |
At December 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in marketable securities (noncurrent) | | $ | 187 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 187 | | | | (1 | ) |
Fuel hedging derivatives | | | (375 | ) | | | — | | | | (375 | ) | | | — | | | | (2 | ) |
| | |
(1) | | The Company estimated the fair value of these auction rate securities based on the following: (i) the underlying structure of each security; (ii) the present value of future principal and interest payments discounted at rates considered to reflect current market conditions; (iii) consideration of the probabilities of default, passing a future auction, or repurchase at par for each period; and (iv) estimates of the recovery rates in the event of default for each security. These estimated fair values could change significantly based on future market conditions. Refer to Note 8 for further discussion of the Company’s investments in marketable securities. |
|
(2) | | Since the Company’s fuel hedging derivative instruments are not traded on a market exchange, the fair values are determined using valuation models which include assumptions about commodity prices based on those observed in the underlying markets. The fair value of fuel hedging derivatives is recorded in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 7 for further discussion of the Company’s fuel hedging derivatives. |
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) are as follows (in millions):
| | | | |
| | Investments in | |
| | Marketable | |
| | Securities | |
| | (Noncurrent) | |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | | $ | 187 | |
Impairment losses included in other nonoperating expense, net | | | (7 | ) |
| | | |
Balance at March 31, 2009 | | $ | 180 | |
| | | |
10. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The Company’s other comprehensive loss consists of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net loss | | $ | (103 | ) | | $ | (237 | ) |
Unrealized losses on available for sale securities | | | — | | | | (49 | ) |
Recognition of previous unrealized losses now deemed other than temporary | | | — | | | | 4 | |
Pension and other postretirement benefits | | | (4 | ) | | | (2 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total comprehensive loss | | $ | (107 | ) | | $ | (284 | ) |
| | | | | | |
The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, consisted of $61 million and $65 million, respectively, related to pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net of amortization. Accumulated other comprehensive income is not presented net of tax as any effects resulting from the items above have been immediately offset by the recording of a valuation allowance through the same financial statement caption.
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11. Flight 1549
On January 15, 2009, US Airways flight 1549 was involved in an accident in New York that resulted in the aircraft ditching in the Hudson River. The Airbus A320 aircraft was en route to Charlotte from LaGuardia with 150 passengers and a crew of 5 (2 pilots and 3 flight attendants) onboard. All aboard survived and there were no serious injuries. US Airways has insurance coverage for both the aircraft (which is a total loss) as well as costs resulting from the accident, and there are no applicable deductibles.
The aircraft involved in the flight 1549 accident was leased by US Airways. In the first quarter of 2009, US Airways exercised its aircraft substitution right under the lease agreement and transferred title of an owned Airbus A320 to the lessor in substitution for the Airbus A320 aircraft that was involved in the accident. This transferred aircraft will continue to be leased to US Airways under the same terms and conditions of the lease agreement. In connection with this transaction, US Airways extinguished $22 million of debt associated with the previously owned aircraft that was transferred to the lessor.
14
Item 1B. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of US Airways, Inc.
US Airways, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | | |
Mainline passenger | | $ | 1,611 | | | $ | 1,953 | |
Express passenger | | | 551 | | | | 657 | |
Cargo | | | 24 | | | | 36 | |
Other | | | 305 | | | | 221 | |
| | | | | | |
Total operating revenues | | | 2,491 | | | | 2,867 | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | |
Aircraft fuel and related taxes | | | 378 | | | | 823 | |
Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net | | | 27 | | | | (117 | ) |
Salaries and related costs | | | 551 | | | | 563 | |
Express expenses | | | 632 | | | | 758 | |
Aircraft rent | | | 178 | | | | 178 | |
Aircraft maintenance | | | 174 | | | | 213 | |
Other rent and landing fees | | | 131 | | | | 145 | |
Selling expenses | | | 92 | | | | 104 | |
Special items, net | | | 6 | | | | 26 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 62 | | | | 52 | |
Other | | | 286 | | | | 315 | |
| | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | | 2,517 | | | | 3,060 | |
| | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | (26 | ) | | | (193 | ) |
Nonoperating income (expense): | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | | 6 | | | | 29 | |
Interest expense, net | | | (61 | ) | | | (52 | ) |
Other, net | | | (14 | ) | | | (8 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total nonoperating expense, net | | | (69 | ) | | | (31 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Loss before income taxes | | | (95 | ) | | | (224 | ) |
Income tax provision | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (95 | ) | | $ | (224 | ) |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
15
US Airways, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In millions, except share and per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Current assets | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 1,260 | | | $ | 1,026 | |
Investments in marketable securities | | | — | | | | 20 | |
Restricted cash | | | 166 | | | | 186 | |
Accounts receivable, net | | | 374 | | | | 291 | |
Materials and supplies, net | | | 173 | | | | 163 | |
Prepaid expenses and other | | | 543 | | | | 673 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 2,516 | | | | 2,359 | |
Property and equipment | | | | | | | | |
Flight equipment | | | 3,063 | | | | 3,017 | |
Ground property and equipment | | | 832 | | | | 791 | |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | (960 | ) | | | (914 | ) |
| | | | | | |
| | | 2,935 | | | | 2,894 | |
Equipment purchase deposits | | | 347 | | | | 267 | |
| | | | | | |
Total property and equipment | | | 3,282 | | | | 3,161 | |
Other assets | | | | | | | | |
Other intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $87 million and $81 million, respectively | | | 502 | | | | 508 | |
Restricted cash | | | 503 | | | | 540 | |
Investments in marketable securities | | | 180 | | | | 187 | |
Other assets, net | | | 195 | | | | 199 | |
| | | | | | |
Total other assets | | | 1,380 | | | | 1,434 | |
| | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 7,178 | | | $ | 6,954 | |
| | | | | | |
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDER’S DEFICIT | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities | | | | | | | | |
Current maturities of debt and capital leases | | $ | 407 | | | $ | 346 | |
Accounts payable | | | 618 | | | | 781 | |
Payables to related parties, net | | | 986 | | | | 985 | |
Air traffic liability | | | 939 | | | | 698 | |
Accrued compensation and vacation | | | 180 | | | | 147 | |
Accrued taxes | | | 202 | | | | 142 | |
Other accrued expenses | | | 853 | | | | 867 | |
| | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 4,185 | | | | 3,966 | |
Noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt and capital leases, net of current maturities | | | 2,359 | | | | 2,236 | |
Deferred gains and credits, net | | | 276 | | | | 284 | |
Postretirement benefits other than pensions | | | 108 | | | | 107 | |
Employee benefit liabilities and other | | | 570 | | | | 582 | |
| | | | | | |
Total noncurrent liabilities and deferred credits | | | 3,313 | | | | 3,209 | |
Commitments and contingencies | | | | | | | | |
Stockholder’s deficit | | | | | | | | |
Common stock, $1 par, 1,000 shares issued and outstanding | | | — | | | | — | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 1,845 | | | | 1,845 | |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | | | 74 | | | | 78 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (2,239 | ) | | | (2,144 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total stockholder’s deficit | | | (320 | ) | | | (221 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholder’s deficit | | $ | 7,178 | | | $ | 6,954 | |
| | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
16
US Airways, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In millions)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | $ | 176 | | | $ | (51 | ) |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (134 | ) | | | (137 | ) |
Purchases of marketable securities | | | — | | | | (90 | ) |
Sales of marketable securities | | | 20 | | | | 151 | |
Proceeds from sale of other investments | | | — | | | | 3 | |
Decrease in long-term restricted cash | | | 37 | | | | 5 | |
Proceeds from dispositions of property and equipment | | | 52 | | | | — | |
Increase in equipment purchase deposits | | | (48 | ) | | | (36 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (73 | ) | | | (104 | ) |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Repayments of debt and capital lease obligations | | | (89 | ) | | | (134 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of debt | | | 221 | | | | 251 | |
Deferred financing costs | | | (1 | ) | | | (3 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 131 | | | | 114 | |
| | | | | | |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | | | 234 | | | | (41 | ) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 1,026 | | | | 1,940 | |
| | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 1,260 | | | $ | 1,899 | |
| | | | | | |
Non-cash investing and financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Note payable issued for equipment purchase deposit | | $ | 32 | | | $ | — | |
Interest payable converted to debt | | | 9 | | | | — | |
Maintenance payable converted to debt | | | 9 | | | | — | |
Net unrealized loss on available for sale securities | | | — | | | | 45 | |
Supplemental information: | | | | | | | | |
Interest paid | | $ | 50 | | | $ | 41 | |
Income taxes paid | | | — | | | | — | |
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
17
US Airways, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of US Airways, Inc. (“US Airways”) should be read in conjunction with the financial statements contained in US Airways’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008. US Airways is a wholly owned subsidiary of US Airways Group, Inc. (“US Airways Group”). The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of US Airways and its wholly owned subsidiary, America West Holdings, LLC (“America West Holdings”). America West Airlines, LLC (“AWA”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, FTCHP, LLC, are wholly owned subsidiaries of America West Holdings. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between US Airways and its wholly owned subsidiaries have been eliminated.
Management believes that all adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of results, consisting of normally recurring items, have been included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The principal areas of judgment relate to passenger revenue recognition, impairment of goodwill, impairment of long-lived and intangible assets, valuation of investments in marketable securities, the frequent traveler program and the deferred tax valuation allowance.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) Financial Accounting Standards (“FAS”) 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments.” This FSP changes existing guidance for determining whether an impairment of debt securities is other than temporary. The FSP requires other than temporary impairments to be separated into the amount representing the decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from a security (referred to as credit losses) which is recognized in earnings and the amount related to other factors which is recognized in other comprehensive income. This noncredit loss component of the impairment may only be classified in other comprehensive income if the holder of the security concludes that it does not intend to sell and it will not more likely than not be required to sell the security before it recovers its value. If these conditions are not met, the noncredit loss must also be recognized in earnings. When adopting the FSP, an entity is required to record a cumulative effect adjustment as of the beginning of the period of adoption to reclassify the noncredit component of a previously recognized other than temporary impairment from retained earnings to accumulated other comprehensive income. FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. Management is currently evaluating the requirements of the FSP and has not yet determined the impact on US Airways’ condensed consolidated financial statements.
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” This FSP provides additional guidance on estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability have significantly decreased in relation to normal market activity for the asset or liability. The FSP also provides additional guidance on circumstances that may indicate that a transaction is not orderly. FSP FAS 157-4 is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. US Airways does not believe the adoption of this FSP will materially impact its condensed consolidated financial statements.
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2. Special Items, Net
Special items, net as shown on the condensed consolidated statements of operations included the following charges for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Lease return costs and penalties (a) | | $ | 5 | | | $ | — | |
Severance charges (b) | | | 1 | | | | — | |
Merger related transition expenses (c) | | | — | | | | 26 | |
| | | | | | |
Special items, net | | $ | 6 | | | $ | 26 | |
| | | | | | |
| | |
(a) | | In connection with capacity reductions, US Airways recorded $5 million in charges for lease return costs and penalties related to certain Airbus aircraft. |
|
(b) | | As a result of capacity reductions, US Airways recorded $1 million in severance charges. |
|
(c) | | In connection with the effort to consolidate functions and integrate organizations, procedures and operations with AWA, US Airways incurred $26 million of merger related transition expenses. These expenses included $9 million in uniform costs to transition employees to the new US Airways uniforms; $5 million in applicable employment tax expenses related to contractual benefits granted to certain current and former employees as a result of the merger; $4 million in compensation expenses for equity awards granted in connection with the merger to retain key employees through the integration period; $3 million of aircraft livery costs; $3 million in professional and technical fees related to the integration of airline operations systems and $2 million in other expenses. |
3. Debt
The following table details US Airways’ debt (in millions). Variable interest rates listed are the rates as of March 31, 2009.
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Secured | | | | | | | | |
Equipment loans, aircraft pre-delivery payment financings and other notes payable, fixed and variable interest rates ranging from 1.91% to 10.51%, averaging 4.76%, maturing from 2010 to 2021 | | $ | 1,835 | | | $ | 1,674 | |
Aircraft enhanced equipment trust certificates (“EETCs”), fixed interest rates ranging from 7.08% to 9.01%, averaging 7.79%, maturing from 2015 to 2022 | | | 519 | | | | 540 | |
Slot financing, interest rate of 8.08%, interest only payments until due in 2015 | | | 47 | | | | 47 | |
Capital lease obligations, interest rate of 8%, installments due through 2021 | | | 39 | | | | 39 | |
Senior secured discount notes, variable interest rate of 5.39%, due in 2009 | | | 32 | | | | 32 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 2,472 | | | | 2,332 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Unsecured | | | | | | | | |
Airbus advance, repayments beginning in 2010 through 2018 | | | 217 | | | | 207 | |
Engine maintenance notes | | | 77 | | | | 72 | |
Industrial development bonds, fixed interest rate of 6.3%, interest only payments until due in 2023 | | | 29 | | | | 29 | |
Note payable to Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation, fixed interest rate of 6%, interest only payments until due in 2012 | | | 10 | | | | 10 | |
Other notes payable, due in 2009 to 2011 | | | 70 | | | | 45 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | 403 | | | | 363 | |
| | | | | | |
Total long-term debt and capital lease obligations | | | 2,875 | | | | 2,695 | |
Less: Total unamortized discount on debt | | | (109 | ) | | | (113 | ) |
Current maturities, less $5 million and $10 million of unamortized discount on debt at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively | | | (407 | ) | | | (346 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current maturities | | $ | 2,359 | | | $ | 2,236 | |
| | | | | | |
19
On January 16, 2009, US Airways exercised its right to obtain new loan commitments and incur additional loans under a spare parts loan agreement. In connection with the exercise of that right, Airbus Financial Services funded $50 million in satisfaction of a previous commitment. This loan will mature on October 20, 2014, will bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a margin and will be secured by the collateral securing loans under the spare parts loan agreement.
On March 31, 2009, US Airways again exercised its right to obtain new loan commitments and incur additional loans under the spare parts loan agreement and borrowed $50 million. This loan will mature on October 20, 2014, will bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a margin and will be secured by the collateral securing loans under the spare parts loan agreement. With a portion of the proceeds, US Airways purchased an A321 aircraft previously leased to US Airways by an affiliate of the debt holder. As a result, this aircraft became unencumbered.
4. Related Party Transactions
The following represents the net payable balances to related parties (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | March 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
US Airways Group | | $ | 946 | | | $ | 949 | |
US Airways Group’s wholly owned subsidiaries | | | 40 | | | | 36 | |
| | | | | | |
| | $ | 986 | | | $ | 985 | |
| | | | | | |
US Airways Group has the ability to move funds freely between operating subsidiaries to support operations. These transfers are recognized as intercompany transactions.
The net payable to US Airways Group’s wholly owned subsidiaries consists of amounts due under regional capacity agreements with the other airline subsidiaries and fuel purchase arrangements with a non-airline subsidiary.
5. Income Taxes
US Airways and its wholly owned subsidiaries are part of the US Airways Group consolidated income tax return.
As of December 31, 2008, US Airways had approximately $1.41 billion of gross net operating loss carryforwards (“NOL”) to reduce future federal taxable income. Of this amount, approximately $1.37 billion was available to reduce federal taxable income in the calendar year 2009. The NOL expires during the years 2022 through 2028. US Airways’ deferred tax asset, which included $1.33 billion of the NOL discussed above, has been subject to a full valuation allowance. US Airways also had approximately $72 million of tax-effected state NOL as of December 31, 2008.
In assessing the realizability of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. US Airways has recorded a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income (including reversals of deferred tax liabilities) during the periods in which those temporary differences will become deductible.
US Airways reported a loss in the first quarter of 2009 and 2008 and did not record a tax provision in either period.
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6. Express Expenses
Expenses associated with affiliate regional airlines operating as US Airways Express are classified as Express expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Express expenses consist of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Aircraft fuel and related taxes | | $ | 123 | | | $ | 249 | |
Salaries and related costs | | | 6 | | | | 6 | |
Capacity purchases | | | 418 | | | | 416 | |
Other rent and landing fees | | | 26 | | | | 22 | |
Selling expenses | | | 34 | | | | 38 | |
Other expenses | | | 25 | | | | 27 | |
| | | | | | |
Express expenses | | $ | 632 | | | $ | 758 | |
| | | | | | |
7. Derivative Instruments
Because US Airways’ operations are dependent upon aviation fuel, significant increases in aviation fuel costs materially and adversely affect its liquidity, results of operations and financial condition. To manage the risk of changes in aviation fuel prices, US Airways periodically enters into derivative contracts comprised of heating oil-based derivative instruments to hedge a portion of its projected jet fuel requirements. As of March 31, 2009, US Airways had fuel hedge transactions consisting of collars with no premiums to hedge approximately 9% of its remaining projected 2009 mainline and Express jet fuel requirements at a weighted average collar range of $3.50 to $3.70 per gallon of heating oil or $139.98 to $148.38 per barrel of estimated crude oil equivalent.
US Airways has open fuel hedging instruments in place, which do not currently qualify for hedge accounting. Accordingly, the derivative hedging instruments are recorded as an asset or liability on the balance sheet at fair value and any changes in fair value are recorded in the period of change as gains or losses on fuel hedging instruments, net in operating expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of US Airways’ fuel hedging derivative instruments at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008 was a net liability of $205 million and $375 million, respectively, recorded in accounts payable. If oil prices remain at the same level as March 31, 2009, the $205 million of unrealized losses will be realized in the second and third quarters of 2009 in the amount of $146 million and $59 million, respectively. Refer to Note 9 for discussion on how US Airways determines the fair value of its fuel hedging derivative instruments. The following table details US Airways’ loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Realized loss (gain) | | $ | 197 | | | $ | (81 | ) |
Unrealized gain | | | (170 | ) | | | (36 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net | | $ | 27 | | | $ | (117 | ) |
| | | | | | |
When US Airways’ fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net asset position, US Airways is exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to its fuel hedging derivatives. The amount of such credit exposure is limited to the unrealized gains on US Airways’ fuel hedging derivatives. To manage credit risks, US Airways carefully selects counterparties, conducts transactions with multiple counterparties which limits its exposure to any single counterparty and monitors the market position of the program and its relative market position with each counterparty. US Airways also maintains industry-standard security agreements with all of its counterparties which may require the counterparty to post collateral if the value of the fuel hedging derivatives exceeds specified thresholds related to the counterparty’s credit ratings.
When US Airways’ fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net liability position, US Airways is exposed to credit risks related to the return of collateral in situations in which US Airways has posted collateral with counterparties for unrealized losses. When possible, in order to mitigate this risk, US Airways provides letters of credit to certain counterparties in lieu of cash. At March 31, 2009, $165 million related to letters of credit collateralizing certain counterparties to US Airways’ fuel hedging transactions is included in short-term restricted cash. In addition, at March 31, 2009, US Airways had $79 million in cash deposits held by counterparties to collateralize its fuel hedging transactions. Since the third quarter of 2008, US Airways has not entered into any new transactions as part of its fuel hedging program due to the impact collateral requirements could have on its liquidity if the price of oil continues to fall.
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Further declines in heating oil prices would result in additional collateral requirements with US Airways’ counterparties, unrealized losses on its existing fuel hedging derivative instruments and realized losses at the time of settlement of these fuel hedging derivative instruments.
8. Investments in Marketable Securities (Noncurrent)
As of March 31, 2009, US Airways held auction rate securities totaling $411 million at par value, which are classified as available for sale securities and noncurrent assets on US Airways’ condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contractual maturities for these auction rate securities range from seven to 43 years, with 62% of US Airways’ portfolio maturing within the next ten years, 10% maturing within the next 20 years, 16% maturing within the next 30 years and 12% maturing thereafter through 2052. Current yields range from 1.3% to 3.06%. With the liquidity issues experienced in the global credit and capital markets, all of US Airways’ auction rate securities have experienced failed auctions since August 2007. The estimated fair value of these auction rate securities no longer approximates par value. Refer to Note 9 for discussion on how US Airways determines the fair value of its investments in auction rate securities.
At March 31, 2009, the fair value of US Airways’ auction rate securities was $180 million, a decline of $7 million from December 31, 2008 and $231 million from par. The decline in the first quarter of 2009 was deemed to be an other than temporary impairment due to continued declines in the fair values of certain securities. Accordingly, US Airways recorded $7 million in impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net in the first quarter of 2009 related to the other than temporary impairment of its auction rate securities.
In the first quarter of 2008, US Airways recorded $13 million of impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net related to other than temporary impairment on two auction rate securities. Of the impairment charges, $9 million was due to a security’s downgrade from a credit rating of AA to B and a further decline in a second security with subprime exposure. US Airways also recognized an additional $4 million impairment charge for one security’s previously recorded unrealized losses in other comprehensive income.
US Airways continues to monitor the market for auction rate securities and consider its impact (if any) on the fair value of its investments. If the current market conditions deteriorate further, US Airways may be required to record additional impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net in future periods.
9. Fair Value Measurements
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | Quoted Prices in | | | Significant Other | | | Significant | | | | |
| | | | | | Active Markets for | | | Observable | | | Unobservable | | | | |
| | | | | | Identical Assets | | | Inputs | | | Inputs | | | Valuation | |
| | Fair Value | | | (Level 1) | | | (Level 2) | | | (Level 3) | | | Technique | |
At March 31, 2009 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in marketable securities (noncurrent) | | $ | 180 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 180 | | | | (1 | ) |
Fuel hedging derivatives | | | (205 | ) | | | — | | | | (205 | ) | | | — | | | | (2 | ) |
At December 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Investments in marketable securities (noncurrent) | | $ | 187 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 187 | | | | (1 | ) |
Fuel hedging derivatives | | | (375 | ) | | | — | | | | (375 | ) | | | — | | | | (2 | ) |
| | |
(1) | | US Airways estimated the fair value of these auction rate securities based on the following: (i) the underlying structure of each security; (ii) the present value of future principal and interest payments discounted at rates considered to reflect current market conditions; (iii) consideration of the probabilities of default, passing a future auction, or repurchase at par for each period; and (iv) estimates of the recovery rates in the event of default for each security. These estimated fair values could change significantly based on future market conditions. Refer to Note 8 for further discussion of US Airways’ investments in marketable securities. |
|
(2) | | Since US Airways’ fuel hedging derivative instruments are not traded on a market exchange, the fair values are determined using valuation models which include assumptions about commodity prices based on those observed in the underlying markets. The fair value of fuel hedging derivatives is recorded in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 7 for further discussion of US Airways’ fuel hedging derivatives. |
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Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) are as follows (in millions):
| | | | |
| | Investments in | |
| | Marketable | |
| | Securities | |
| | (Noncurrent) | |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | | $ | 187 | |
Impairment losses included in other nonoperating expense, net | | | (7 | ) |
| | | |
Balance at March 31, 2009 | | $ | 180 | |
| | | |
10. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
US Airways’ other comprehensive loss consists of the following (in millions):
| | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | |
| | March 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net loss | | $ | (95 | ) | | $ | (224 | ) |
Unrealized losses on available for sale securities | | | — | | | | (49 | ) |
Recognition of previous unrealized losses now deemed other than temporary | | | — | | | | 4 | |
Other postretirement benefits | | | (4 | ) | | | (1 | ) |
| | | | | | |
Total comprehensive loss | | $ | (99 | ) | | $ | (270 | ) |
| | | | | | |
US Airways’ accumulated other comprehensive income at March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, consisted of $74 million and $78 million, respectively, related to other post retirement benefit plans, net of amortization. Accumulated other comprehensive income is not presented net of tax as any effects resulting from the items above have been immediately offset by the recording of a valuation allowance through the same financial statement caption.
11. Flight 1549
On January 15, 2009, US Airways flight 1549 was involved in an accident in New York that resulted in the aircraft ditching in the Hudson River. The Airbus A320 aircraft was en route to Charlotte from LaGuardia with 150 passengers and a crew of 5 (2 pilots and 3 flight attendants) onboard. All aboard survived and there were no serious injuries. US Airways has insurance coverage for both the aircraft (which is a total loss) as well as costs resulting from the accident, and there are no applicable deductibles.
The aircraft involved in the flight 1549 accident was leased by US Airways. In the first quarter of 2009, US Airways exercised its aircraft substitution right under the lease agreement and transferred title of an owned Airbus A320 to the lessor in substitution for the Airbus A320 aircraft that was involved in the accident. This transferred aircraft will continue to be leased to US Airways under the same terms and conditions of the lease agreement. In connection with this transaction, US Airways extinguished $22 million of debt associated with the previously owned aircraft that was transferred to the lessor.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Part I, Item 2 of this report should be read in conjunction with Part II, Item 7 of US Airways Group, Inc.’s and US Airways, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008 (the “2008 Form 10-K”). The information contained herein is not a comprehensive discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of the Company, but rather updates disclosures made in the 2008 Form 10-K.
Background
US Airways Group, a Delaware corporation, is a holding company whose primary business activity is the operation of a major network air carrier through its wholly owned subsidiaries US Airways, Piedmont Airlines, Inc. (“Piedmont”), PSA Airlines, Inc. (“PSA”), Material Services Company, Inc. (“MSC”) and Airways Assurance Limited.
We operate the fifth largest airline in the United States as measured by domestic revenue passenger miles (“RPMs”) and available seat miles (“ASMs”). We have primary hubs in Charlotte, Philadelphia and Phoenix, and secondary hubs/focus cities in New York, Washington, D.C., Boston and Las Vegas. We offer scheduled passenger service on more than 3,200 flights daily to 200 communities in the United States, Canada, Europe, the Caribbean and Latin America. We also have an established East Coast route network, including the US Airways Shuttle service, with substantial presence at capacity constrained airports including New York’s LaGuardia Airport and the Washington, D.C. area’s Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we had approximately 12 million passengers boarding our mainline flights. As of March 31, 2009, we operated 347 mainline jets and are supported by our regional airline subsidiaries and affiliates operating as US Airways Express either under capacity purchase or prorate agreements, which operate approximately 237 regional jets and 69 turboprops.
U.S. Airline Industry Environment
The airline industry in the United States has been impacted by the global economic recession. In 2008, due to high fuel prices, the industry took significant steps to improve industry profitability. The two principal actions were a move to a la carte pricing and an approximate 10% domestic capacity reduction. The benefit of falling fuel prices in the latter part of 2008 has now been substantially offset by more deterioration in passenger demand than had been previously anticipated at the beginning of 2009. The Air Transport Association of America (“ATA”) reported that passenger demand fell 10% in the month of March 2009 as compared to the same period in 2008. March 2009 also represents the fifth consecutive month in which industry revenues have fallen as compared to the prior year.
Business bookings are down sharply as companies have cut costs by reducing their travel budgets. For those companies whose employees continue to travel for business, airlines are experiencing lower yields as travelers are purchasing tickets at lower fares. Leisure travel has held up relatively well, although yields have declined as carriers are offering fare sales in certain markets to stimulate demand.
Overall, revenue per available seat mile (“RASM”) in international markets has been more severely impacted by the economic slowdown than domestic markets. This is a result of capacity expansion overseas during the past several years, which the industry only intends to reduce by 2% in 2009, and international traffic’s greater reliance on premium business and first class seating and cargo to drive profitability. In the current economic environment, demand for international business and leisure travel has declined. The contraction of business spending has also significantly impacted cargo demand. ATA reported that cargo, as measured by revenue ton miles, declined 21% year-over-year in January and February 2009. This is on top of back-to-back 17% declines in November and December 2008.
The unprecedented industry actions taken in 2008 in response to record high fuel prices to reduce capacity and implement new sources of revenue along with moderating fuel prices have mitigated some of the impacts of the economic downturn. However, it is difficult to predict the ongoing effects of the global economic recession. Accordingly, the industry is focused on conserving cash and matching capacity to demand.
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US Airways
Relative to other U.S. legacy or big six hub and spoke carriers, our higher domestic exposure means our revenues are less adversely affected by the economic downturn, including the sharp declines in passenger and cargo demand in international markets. Our international transatlantic traffic represents less than 15% of our total ASMs and cargo represents approximately 1% of our operating revenues.
We are also benefiting from our new revenue initiatives implemented in 2008 that are expected to generate in excess of $400 million in ancillary revenues for 2009. Given our domestic focus, these initiatives will benefit us more than our competitors. Ancillary revenues include a first and second checked bag service fee, processing fees for travel awards issued through our Dividend Miles frequent traveler program, our new Choice Seats program, increases to the cost of call center/airport ticketing fees and increases to certain preexisting service fees. As a result of these new ancillary revenues, while our mainline and Express passenger revenue per available seat mile (“PRASM”) was 10.58 cents in the first quarter of 2009, an 11.1% decline as compared to 11.90 cents in the first quarter of 2008, our total RASM declined by a lower amount. RASM was 12.02 cents in the first quarter of 2009, as compared to 12.95 cents in the first quarter of 2008, representing only a 7.2% decline.
During the first quarter of 2009, we continued to execute our capacity reduction, cost control and cash conservation initiatives announced in 2008 and took actions to further improve our liquidity position.
Capacity and Fleet Reductions
We are continuing to execute our plan of reducing our total mainline 2009 capacity by four to six percent and our Express capacity by four to six percent from 2008 levels. During the first quarter of 2009, we reduced our mainline capacity by 7.4% and our Express capacity by 4% over the 2008 period. We are achieving our capacity reductions through the return of aircraft to lessors and reductions in aircraft utilization. We are continuing to evaluate capacity requirements for the beyond summer period including international capacity. We anticipate that our 2009 capacity reductions will help us mitigate the impact of reduced passenger demand on revenue and reduce costs.
Cost Control
We remain committed to maintaining a low cost structure, which we believe is necessary in an industry whose economic prospects are heavily dependent upon two variables we cannot control: the health of the economy and the price of fuel. During 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, we reduced headcount and non-aircraft capital expenditures. Most importantly we have controlled costs by running a good operation. For the year 2008, our 80.1% on-time performance ranked first among the big six hub and spoke carriers and second among the ten largest U.S. airlines as measured by the Department of Transportation’s (“DOT”) Consumer Air Travel Report. In 2009, we are continuing to run a good operation. Our quarter-to-date 2009 operational results have improved for all four key DOT metrics as compared to the first quarter of 2008. See the “Customer Service” section below for further discussion. Additionally, in the current industry environment, our cost focus has been extended to cash conservation, and we intend to minimize capital expenditures and defer discretionary expenditures.
Liquidity
As of March 31, 2009, our cash, cash equivalents, investments in marketable securities and restricted cash were $2.11 billion, of which $0.67 billion was restricted. Our investments in marketable securities included $180 million of auction rate securities that are classified as noncurrent assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further discussion of our investments in auction rate securities.
| | | | | | | | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments in marketable securities | | $ | 1,262 | | | $ | 1,054 | |
Short and long-term restricted cash | | | 669 | | | | 726 | |
Long-term investments in marketable securities | | | 180 | | | | 187 | |
| | | | | | |
Total cash, cash equivalents, investments in marketable securities and restricted cash | | $ | 2,111 | | | $ | 1,967 | |
| | | | | | |
During the first quarter of 2009, we continued to strengthen our liquidity position by completing a series of financing transactions which raised approximately $115 million in net proceeds. The financings included proceeds from additional loans under a spare parts loan agreement, a loan secured by certain airport landing slots and an unsecured financing with one of our third party Express carriers.
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Additionally, in the fourth quarter of 2008, we amended our Citicorp credit facility which reduced the unrestricted cash covenant from $1.25 billion to $850 million. The credit facility’s term remained the same at seven years with substantially all of the remaining principal amount of $1.17 billion payable at maturity in March 2014.
We have secured financing for our A321 aircraft deliveries through June 2009. In addition, the remaining A320 family aircraft scheduled for delivery in 2009 have backstop financing available through the manufacturer. The A330 deliveries scheduled for 2009 do not currently have backstop financing; however, we are currently evaluating financing alternatives for these aircraft. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources — Aircraft and Engine Purchase Commitments” for further discussion.
Current Financial Results and Outlook
The net loss for the first quarter of 2009 was $103 million or a loss of $0.90 per share as compared to a net loss of $237 million or net loss of $2.58 per share in the first quarter of 2008. The average mainline and Express price per gallon of fuel decreased 48.8% to $1.48 in the first quarter of 2009 from $2.89 in the first quarter of 2008. As a result, our mainline and Express fuel expense for the first quarter of 2009 was $571 million or 53.2% lower than the 2008 period on 6.8% lower capacity.
While fuel costs decreased significantly, the weak demand environment caused by the global economic recession drove a $448 million or 17.2% decrease in mainline and Express passenger revenues in the 2009 period on this lower capacity. Our mainline and Express PRASM was 10.58 cents in the first quarter of 2009, an 11.1% decline as compared to 11.9 cents in the first quarter of 2008. Mainline and Express yield was 13.79 cents in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to 15.38 cents in the first quarter of 2008, a 10.4% decline. As discussed above, our new ancillary revenues introduced during 2008 mitigated some of the impact of declining demand. While PRASM declined 11.1% as compared to the first quarter of 2008, our total RASM decline was only 7.2%, decreasing from 12.95 cents in the first quarter of 2008 to 12.02 cents in the first quarter of 2009.
The first quarter of 2009 results included $27 million of net losses associated with fuel hedging transactions. This included $197 million of net realized losses on settled fuel hedge transactions, offset by $170 million of net unrealized gains resulting from the application of mark-to-market accounting for changes in the fair value and settlement of fuel hedging instruments. In mark-to-market accounting, the unrealized losses recognized in prior periods are reversed as hedge transactions are settled in the current period. At March 31, 2009, we have fuel hedge transactions consisting of collars with no premiums in place with respect to 9% of our remaining 2009 projected mainline and Express fuel requirements at a weighted average collar range of $3.50 to $3.70 per gallon of heating oil and $139.98 and $148.38 per barrel of estimated crude oil equivalent. Based on the price of oil at March 31, 2009, we have incurred unrealized losses of $205 million which if oil prices remain at that level will be realized in the second and third quarters of 2009 in the amount of $146 million and $59 million, respectively. Since the third quarter of 2008, we have not entered into any new transactions as part of our fuel hedging program due to the impact collateral requirements could have on our liquidity if the price of oil continues to fall. At March 31, 2009, $165 million related to letters of credit collateralizing certain counterparties to our fuel hedging transactions is included in short-term restricted cash. In addition, at March 31, 2009, we had $79 million in cash deposits held by counterparties to collateralize our fuel hedging transactions.
While the magnitude of the ongoing impact of the weakened economic environment remains uncertain, we believe current moderate fuel prices will offset at least some of the potential impacts. We believe that our actions to increase revenue, reduce costs and strengthen and preserve liquidity have better positioned us for the difficult global economy.
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Customer Service
We are committed to running a successful airline. One of the important ways we do this is by taking care of our customers. We believe that our focus on excellent customer service in every aspect of our operations, including personnel, flight equipment, in-flight and ancillary amenities, on-time performance, flight completion ratios and baggage handling, will strengthen customer loyalty and attract new customers.
For the year 2008, our 80.1% on-time performance ranked first among the big six hub and spoke carriers and second among the ten largest U.S. airlines as measured by the DOT’s Consumer Air Travel Report. Our quarter-to-date 2009 operational results have improved for all four key DOT metrics as compared to the first quarter of 2008. In February 2009, the DOT’s most recently published Consumer Air Travel Report, we ranked second in on-time performance among the big six hub and spoke carriers and third among the ten largest U.S. airlines. Our mishandled baggage ratio and customer complaints ratio also improved significantly in each of the first three months of 2009 as compared to the 2008 period.
We reported the following combined operating statistics to the DOT for mainline operations for the first quarter of 2009 and 2008:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Percent Change 2009-2008 | |
| | January | | | February | | | March (e) | | | January | | | February | | | March | | | January | | | February | | | March | |
On-time performance (a) | | | 77.3 | | | | 82.2 | | | | 79.6 | | | | 79.5 | | | | 76.3 | | | | 79.1 | | | | (2.8 | ) | | | 7.7 | | | | 0.6 | |
Completion factor (b) | | | 98.1 | | | | 99.0 | | | | 98.1 | | | | 98.3 | | | | 98.0 | | | | 98.5 | | | | (0.2 | ) | | | 1.0 | | | | (0.4 | ) |
Mishandled baggage (c) | | | 4.15 | | | | 3.08 | | | | 3.46 | | | | 7.35 | | | | 6.96 | | | | 6.93 | | | | (43.5 | ) | | | (55.7 | ) | | | (50.1 | ) |
Customer complaints (d) | | | 2.05 | | | | 1.64 | | | | 1.11 | | | | 2.32 | | | | 2.28 | | | | 1.96 | | | | (11.6 | ) | | | (28.1 | ) | | | (43.4 | ) |
| | |
(a) | | Percentage of reported flight operations arriving on time as defined by the DOT. |
|
(b) | | Percentage of scheduled flight operations completed. |
|
(c) | | Rate of mishandled baggage reports per 1,000 passengers. |
|
(d) | | Rate of customer complaints filed with the DOT per 100,000 passengers. |
|
(e) | | March 2009 operating statistics are preliminary as the DOT has not issued its March 2009 Air Travel Consumer Report as of the date of this filing. |
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US Airways Group’s Results of Operations
In the three months ended March 31, 2009, we realized an operating loss of $25 million. After net nonoperating expenses of $78 million, which included $71 million of interest expense, we had a loss before income taxes of $103 million. The weak demand environment caused by the global economic recession drove a $385 million or 13.5% decrease in total revenues on 6.8% lower capacity as compared to the 2008 period. While mainline and Express PRASM decreased 11.1% from the first quarter of 2008, total RASM only decreased 7.2% due to the new revenue initiatives put in place during the latter part of 2008. The declines in revenue were offset by lower fuel expense. The average mainline and Express price per gallon of fuel decreased 48.8% to $1.48 in the first quarter of 2009 from $2.89 in the first quarter of 2008. As a result, our mainline and Express fuel expense for the first quarter of 2009 was $571 million or 53.2% lower than the 2008 period on 6.8% lower capacity. Our first quarter 2009 results were also impacted by recognition of the following items:
| • | | $197 million of net realized losses on settled fuel hedge transactions, offset by $170 million of net unrealized gains resulting from the application of mark-to-market accounting for changes in the fair value of fuel hedging instruments. In mark-to-market accounting, the unrealized losses recognized in prior periods are reversed as hedge transactions are settled in the current period. We are required to use mark-to-market accounting as our existing fuel hedging instruments do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting established by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (‘SFAS”) No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” If these instruments had qualified for hedge accounting treatment, any unrealized gains or losses would have been recorded in other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity. Given the market volatility of jet fuel, the fair value of these fuel hedging instruments is expected to change until settled. |
| • | | $6 million of net special charges as a result of our capacity reductions, consisting of $5 million in lease return costs and penalties and $1 million in severance charges. |
| • | | $7 million in other than temporary non-cash impairment charges included in nonoperating expense, net for our investments in auction rate securities due to continued declines in the values of certain securities. |
In the three months ended March 31, 2008, we realized an operating loss of $196 million. After net nonoperating expenses of $41 million, which included $61 million of interest expense and $29 million of interest income, we had a loss before income taxes of $237 million. The first quarter of 2008 loss was driven by a 54.3% increase in the average mainline and Express price per gallon of fuel as compared to the 2007 period. Our first quarter 2008 results were also impacted by recognition of the following items:
| • | | $81 million of net realized gains on settled fuel hedge transactions as well as $36 million of net unrealized gains resulting from the application of mark-to-market accounting for changes in the fair value of fuel hedging transactions. |
| • | | $26 million of net special charges due to merger related transition expenses. |
| • | | $13 million in other than temporary impairment charges for our investments in auction rate securities as well as a $2 million write off of debt discount and debt issuance costs in connection with the refinancing of certain aircraft equipment notes, offset by $8 million in gains on forgiveness of debt, all included in nonoperating expense, net. |
At December 31, 2008, we had approximately $1.49 billion of gross net operating loss carryforwards (“NOL”) to reduce future federal taxable income. Of this amount, approximately $1.44 billion was available to reduce federal taxable income in the calendar year 2009. The NOL expires during the years 2022 through 2028. Our deferred tax asset, which included $1.41 billion of the NOL discussed above, has been subject to a full valuation allowance. We also had approximately $77 million of tax-effected state NOL at December 31, 2008.
We reported a loss in the first quarter of 2009 and 2008 and did not record a tax provision in either period.
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The table below sets forth our selected mainline and Express operating data:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Percent | |
| | March 31, | | | Change | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2009-2008 | |
Mainline | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue passenger miles (millions) (a) | | | 13,309 | | | | 14,489 | | | | (8.1 | ) |
Available seat miles (millions) (b) | | | 16,979 | | | | 18,335 | | | | (7.4 | ) |
Passenger load factor (percent) (c) | | | 78.4 | | | | 79.0 | | | (0.6 | ) pts |
Yield (cents) (d) | | | 12.10 | | | | 13.48 | | | | (10.2 | ) |
Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents) (e) | | | 9.49 | | | | 10.65 | | | | (10.9 | ) |
Operating cost per available seat mile (cents) (f) | | | 11.05 | | | | 12.56 | | | | (12.0 | ) |
Passenger enplanements (thousands) (g) | | | 12,409 | | | | 13,536 | | | | (8.3 | ) |
Departures (thousands) | | | 117 | | | | 126 | | | | (6.9 | ) |
Aircraft at end of period | | | 347 | | | | 357 | | | | (2.8 | ) |
Block hours (thousands) (h) | | | 304 | | | | 327 | | | | (7.2 | ) |
Average stage length (miles) (i) | | | 934 | | | | 937 | | | | (0.3 | ) |
Average passenger journey (miles) (j) | | | 1,527 | | | | 1,517 | | | | 0.7 | |
Fuel consumption (gallons in millions) | | | 258 | | | | 286 | | | | (9.7 | ) |
Average aircraft fuel price including related taxes (dollars per gallon) | | | 1.47 | | | | 2.88 | | | | (49.0 | ) |
Full time equivalent employees at end of period | | | 32,245 | | | | 34,684 | | | | (7.0 | ) |
Express (k) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue passenger miles (millions) (a) | | | 2,374 | | | | 2,485 | | | | (4.5 | ) |
Available seat miles (millions) (b) | | | 3,455 | | | | 3,599 | | | | (4.0 | ) |
Passenger load factor (percent) (c) | | | 68.7 | | | | 69.0 | | | (0.3 | ) pts |
Yield (cents) (d) | | | 23.22 | | | | 26.46 | | | | (12.2 | ) |
Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents) (e) | | | 15.95 | | | | 18.27 | | | | (12.7 | ) |
Operating cost per available seat mile (cents) (f) | | | 17.48 | | | | 20.39 | | | | (14.2 | ) |
Passenger enplanements (thousands) (g) | | | 5,978 | | | | 6,195 | | | | (3.5 | ) |
Aircraft at end of period | | | 293 | | | | 291 | | | | 0.7 | |
Fuel consumption (gallons in millions) | | | 81 | | | | 86 | | | | (5.3 | ) |
Average aircraft fuel price including related taxes (dollars per gallon) | | | 1.51 | | | | 2.90 | | | | (48.0 | ) |
Total Mainline and Express | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue passenger miles (millions) (a) | | | 15,683 | | | | 16,974 | | | | (7.6 | ) |
Available seat miles (millions) (b) | | | 20,434 | | | | 21,934 | | | | (6.8 | ) |
Passenger load factor (percent) (c) | | | 76.7 | | | | 77.4 | | | (0.7 | ) pts |
Yield (cents) (d) | | | 13.79 | | | | 15.38 | | | | (10.4 | ) |
Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents) (e) | | | 10.58 | | | | 11.90 | | | | (11.1 | ) |
Total revenue per available seat mile (cents) (l) | | | 12.02 | | | | 12.95 | | | | (7.2 | ) |
Passenger enplanements (thousands) (g) | | | 18,387 | | | | 19,731 | | | | (6.8 | ) |
Aircraft at end of period | | | 640 | | | | 648 | | | | (1.2 | ) |
Fuel consumption (gallons in millions) | | | 339 | | | | 372 | | | | (8.7 | ) |
Average aircraft fuel price including related taxes (dollars per gallon) | | | 1.48 | | | | 2.89 | | | | (48.8 | ) |
| | |
(a) | | Revenue passenger mile (“RPM”) — A basic measure of sales volume. A RPM represents one passenger flown one mile. |
|
(b) | | Available seat mile (“ASM”) — A basic measure of production. An ASM represents one seat flown one mile. |
|
(c) | | Passenger load factor — The percentage of available seats that are filled with revenue passengers. |
|
(d) | | Yield — A measure of airline revenue derived by dividing passenger revenue by revenue passenger miles and expressed in cents per mile. |
|
(e) | | Passenger revenue per available seat mile (“PRASM”) — Passenger revenues divided by available seat miles. |
|
(f) | | Operating cost per available seat mile (“CASM”) — Operating expenses divided by available seat miles. |
|
(g) | | Passenger enplanements — The number of passengers on board an aircraft including local, connecting and through passengers. |
29
| | |
(h) | | Block hours — The hours measured from the moment an aircraft first moves under its own power, including taxi time, for the purposes of flight until the aircraft is docked at the next point of landing and its power is shut down. |
|
(i) | | Average stage length — The average of the distances flown on each segment of every route. |
|
(j) | | Average passenger journey — The average one-way trip measured in miles for one passenger origination. |
|
(k) | | Express statistics include Piedmont and PSA, as well as operating and financial results from capacity purchase agreements with Air Wisconsin Airlines Corporation, Republic Airways, Mesa Airlines, Inc. and Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. |
|
(l) | | Total revenue per available seat mile (“RASM”) — Total revenues divided by total mainline and Express available seat miles. |
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009
Compared with the
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
Operating Revenues:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Percent | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Change | |
| | (In millions) | | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mainline passenger | | $ | 1,611 | | | $ | 1,953 | | | | (17.5 | ) |
Express passenger | | | 551 | | | | 657 | | | | (16.1 | ) |
Cargo | | | 24 | | | | 36 | | | | (34.3 | ) |
Other | | | 269 | | | | 194 | | | | 39.4 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating revenues | | $ | 2,455 | | | $ | 2,840 | | | | (13.5 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating revenues in the first quarter of 2009 were $2.46 billion as compared to $2.84 billion in the 2008 period, a decline of $385 million or 13.5%. The weak demand environment in 2009 drove a $448 million or 17.2% decrease in mainline and Express passenger revenue on 6.8% lower capacity as compared to the 2008 period. The increase in ancillary revenues resulting from our new revenue initiatives implemented in 2008 offset a portion of this decline. As a result, total RASM decreased by a lower amount than mainline and Express PRASM. Total RASM decreased 7.2% to 12.02 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 12.95 cents in the first quarter of 2008. Significant changes in the components of operating revenues are as follows:
| • | | Mainline passenger revenues were $1.61 billion in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to $1.95 billion for the 2008 period. RPMs decreased 8.1% as mainline capacity, as measured by ASMs, decreased 7.4%, resulting in a 0.6 point decrease in load factor to 78.4%. Passenger yield decreased 10.2% to 12.1 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 13.48 cents in the 2008 period. PRASM decreased 10.9% to 9.49 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 10.65 cents in the 2008 period. Yield and PRASM decreased in the first quarter of 2009 due principally to the decline in passenger demand driven by a weakened global economy. |
| • | | Express passenger revenues were $551 million in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $106 million from the 2008 period. Express capacity, as measured by ASMs, decreased 4% in the first quarter of 2009. Express RPMs decreased by 4.5% resulting in a 0.3 point decrease in load factor to 68.7%. Express passenger yield decreased by 12.2% to 23.22 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 26.46 cents in the 2008 period. Express PRASM decreased 12.7% to 15.95 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 18.27 cents in the 2008 period. The decreases in Express yield and PRASM are the result of the same passenger demand declines discussed in the mainline operations above. |
| • | | Cargo revenues were $24 million in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $12 million or 34.3% from the 2008 period. The decrease in cargo revenues was driven by declines in freight volumes as a result of the contraction of business spending in the current economic environment. |
| • | | Other revenues were $269 million in the first quarter of 2009, an increase of $75 million or 39.4% from the 2008 period due primarily to our new revenue initiatives, principally our first and second checked bag fees, which were implemented in the third quarter of 2008. |
30
Operating Expenses:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Percent | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Change | |
| | (In millions) | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Aircraft fuel and related taxes | | $ | 378 | | | $ | 823 | | | | (54.0 | ) |
Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Realized | | | 197 | | | | (81 | ) | | nm | |
Unrealized | | | (170 | ) | | | (36 | ) | | nm | |
Salaries and related costs | | | 551 | | | | 563 | | | | (2.1 | ) |
Aircraft rent | | | 178 | | | | 178 | | | | — | |
Aircraft maintenance | | | 174 | | | | 213 | | | | (18.1 | ) |
Other rent and landing fees | | | 131 | | | | 145 | | | | (9.6 | ) |
Selling expenses | | | 92 | | | | 104 | | | | (10.9 | ) |
Special items, net | | | 6 | | | | 26 | | | | (76.2 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 60 | | | | 50 | | | | 19.7 | |
Other | | | 279 | | | | 317 | | | | (12.5 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total mainline operating expenses | | | 1,876 | | | | 2,302 | | | | (18.5 | ) |
Express expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fuel | | | 123 | | | | 249 | | | | (50.7 | ) |
Other | | | 481 | | | | 485 | | | | (0.7 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total Express expenses | | | 604 | | | | 734 | | | | (17.7 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | $ | 2,480 | | | $ | 3,036 | | | | (18.3 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses were $2.48 billion in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $556 million or 18.3% compared to the 2008 period. Mainline operating expenses were $1.88 billion in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $426 million or 18.5% from the 2008 period, while ASMs decreased 7.4%.
Mainline CASM decreased 12% to 11.05 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 12.56 cents in the 2008 period. The period over period decrease in CASM was driven principally by decreases in fuel costs ($445 million or 2.26 cents per ASM) in the 2009 period. The benefit to CASM of falling fuel prices was partially offset by net losses on fuel hedging instruments ($27 million or 0.16 cents per ASM) in the 2009 period compared to net gains ($117 million or 0.64 cents per ASM) in the 2008 period.
The 2009 period included net charges from special items of $6 million as a result of our capacity reductions, which consisted of $5 million in lease return costs and penalties and $1 million in severance charges. This compares to net special charges of $26 million in the 2008 period due to merger related transition expenses.
The table below sets forth the major components of our mainline CASM for the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Percent | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Change | |
| | (In cents) | | | | |
Mainline CASM: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Aircraft fuel and related taxes | | | 2.23 | | | | 4.49 | | | | (50.3 | ) |
Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net | | | 0.16 | | | | (0.64 | ) | | nm | |
Salaries and related costs | | | 3.24 | | | | 3.07 | | | | 5.7 | |
Aircraft rent | | | 1.04 | | | | 0.97 | | | | 7.5 | |
Aircraft maintenance | | | 1.03 | | | | 1.16 | | | | (11.6 | ) |
Other rent and landing fees | | | 0.77 | | | | 0.79 | | | | (2.4 | ) |
Selling expenses | | | 0.54 | | | | 0.57 | | | | (3.8 | ) |
Special items, net | | | 0.04 | | | | 0.14 | | | | (74.3 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 0.35 | | | | 0.27 | | | | 29.3 | |
Other | | | 1.65 | | | | 1.74 | | | | (5.5 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total mainline CASM | | | 11.05 | | | | 12.56 | | | | (12.0 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
31
Significant changes in the components of operating expense per ASM are as follows:
| • | | Aircraft fuel and related taxes per ASM decreased 50.3% due primarily to a 49% decrease in the average price per gallon of fuel to $1.47 in the first quarter of 2009 from $2.88 in the 2008 period. A 9.7% decrease in gallons of fuel consumed in the 2009 period on 7.4% lower capacity also contributed to the decrease. |
| • | | Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net per ASM fluctuated from a gain of 0.64 cents in the first quarter of 2008 to a loss of 0.16 cents in the first quarter of 2009. The net loss in the 2009 period included realized losses of $197 million on settled fuel hedge transactions, offset by $170 million of net unrealized gains on open fuel hedge transactions. The unrealized gains are the result of the application of mark-to-market accounting in which unrealized losses recognized in prior periods are reversed as hedge transactions are settled in the current period. Our fuel hedging program uses collars with no premiums, which establish an upper and lower limit on heating oil futures prices, to provide protection from fuel price risks. We use heating oil as it is a commodity with prices that are generally highly correlated with jet fuel prices. We recognized net gains from our fuel hedging program in the first quarter of 2008 as the price of heating oil exceeded the upper limit on certain of our collar transactions. |
| • | | Salaries and related costs per ASM increased 5.7% due principally to higher salary and benefit costs associated with the unified mechanic and fleet services labor agreements ratified in the second quarter of 2008. |
| • | | Aircraft rent expense per ASM increased 7.5% due to the return to the lessor of older Boeing 737 and 757 aircraft in the period subsequent to the first quarter of 2008 which carried lower rents. These returns had the effect of increasing our aircraft rent expense on a per ASM basis. Additionally, we entered into lease extensions at market rates to align the return of leased aircraft with deliveries of new aircraft. The leases that were extended were previously subject to deferred credits resulting from fair value adjustments to aircraft operating leases recorded in purchase accounting at the time of the US Airways and AWA merger. These deferred credits, which reduced recorded rent expense, were fully amortized over the original lease term. |
| • | | Aircraft maintenance expense per ASM decreased 11.6% due principally to decreases in the number of engine and landing gear overhauls performed in the 2009 period as compared to the 2008 period. |
| • | | Depreciation and amortization expense per ASM increased 29.3% due to acquisition of 11 Embraer aircraft and seven Airbus aircraft subsequent to the first quarter of 2008, which increased depreciation expense on owned aircraft. |
Total Express expenses decreased $130 million or 17.7% in the first quarter of 2009 to $604 million from $734 million in the 2008 period. The period over period decrease was primarily driven by decreases in fuel costs. Express fuel costs decreased $126 million as the average fuel price per gallon decreased 48% from $2.90 in the 2008 period to $1.51 in the 2009 period as well as a 5.3% decrease in gallons of fuel consumed in 2009 on 4% lower capacity. Other Express expenses only decreased $4 million or 0.7% despite a 4% decrease in Express ASMs due to the fixed component of our capacity purchase agreements as well as certain contractual rate increases with these carriers.
32
Nonoperating Income (Expense):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Percent | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Change | |
| | (In millions) | | | | |
Nonoperating income (expense): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 6 | | | $ | 29 | | | | (78.0 | ) |
Interest expense, net | | | (71 | ) | | | (61 | ) | | | 15.3 | |
Other, net | | | (13 | ) | | | (9 | ) | | | 61.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonoperating expense, net | | $ | (78 | ) | | $ | (41 | ) | | | 90.2 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net nonoperating expense was $78 million in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to $41 million in the 2008 period. Interest income decreased $23 million in the 2009 period due to lower average investment balances and lower rates of return. Interest expense, net increased $10 million due to an increase in the average debt balance outstanding primarily as a result of financing transactions completed in the fourth quarter of 2008, partially offset by reductions in average interest rates associated with variable rate debt as compared to the 2008 period.
Other nonoperating expense, net in the 2009 period included $7 million in other than temporary impairment charges for our investments in auction rate securities due to continued declines in the fair values of certain securities as well as $6 million in foreign currency losses. Other nonoperating expense, net in the 2008 period included $13 million in other than temporary impairment charges for our investments in auction rate securities as well as a $2 million write off of debt discount and debt issuance costs in connection with the refinancing of certain aircraft equipment notes and $2 million in foreign currency losses, offset in part by $8 million in gains on forgiveness of debt. The impairment charges on auction rate securities are discussed in more detail under “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
33
US Airways’ Results of Operations
In the three months ended March 31, 2009, US Airways realized an operating loss of $26 million. After net nonoperating expenses of $69 million, which included $61 million of interest expense, US Airways had a loss before income taxes of $95 million. The weak demand environment caused by the global economic recession drove a $376 million or 13.1% decrease in total revenues on 6.8% lower capacity as compared to the 2008 period. While mainline and Express PRASM decreased 11.1% from the first quarter of 2008, total RASM only decreased 6.8% due to the new revenue initiatives put in place during the latter part of 2008. The declines in revenue were offset by lower fuel expense. The average mainline and Express price per gallon of fuel decreased 48.8% to $1.48 in the first quarter of 2009 from $2.89 in the first quarter of 2008. As a result, our mainline and Express fuel expense for the first quarter of 2009 was $571 million or 53.2% lower than the 2008 period on 6.8% lower capacity. US Airways’ first quarter 2009 results were also impacted by recognition of the following items:
| • | | $197 million of net realized losses on settled fuel hedge transactions, offset by $170 million of net unrealized gains resulting from the application of mark-to-market accounting for changes in the fair value of fuel hedging instruments. In mark-to-market accounting, the unrealized losses recognized in prior periods are reversed as hedge transactions are settled in the current period. US Airways is required to use mark-to-market accounting as its existing fuel hedging instruments do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting established by SFAS No. 133. If these instruments had qualified for hedge accounting treatment, any unrealized gains or losses would have been recorded in other comprehensive income, a component of stockholder’s equity. Given the market volatility of jet fuel, the fair value of these fuel hedging instruments is expected to change until settled. |
| • | | $6 million of net special charges as a result of US Airways’ capacity reductions, consisting of $5 million in lease return costs and penalties and $1 million in severance charges. |
| • | | $7 million in other than temporary non-cash impairment charges included in nonoperating expense, net for US Airways’ investments in auction rate securities due to continued declines in the values of certain securities. |
In the three months ended March 31, 2008, US Airways realized an operating loss of $193 million. After net nonoperating expenses of $31 million, which included $52 million of interest expense and $29 million of interest income, US Airways had a loss before income taxes of $224 million. The first quarter of 2008 loss was driven by a 54.3% increase in the average mainline and Express price per gallon of fuel as compared to the 2007 period. US Airways’ first quarter 2008 results were also impacted by recognition of the following items:
| • | | $81 million of net realized gains on settled fuel hedge transactions as well as $36 million of net unrealized gains resulting from the application of mark-to-market accounting for changes in the fair value of fuel hedging transactions. |
| • | | $26 million of net special charges due to merger related transition expenses. |
| • | | $13 million in other than temporary impairment charges for US Airways’ investments in auction rate securities as well as a $2 million write off of debt discount and debt issuance costs in connection with the refinancing of certain aircraft equipment notes, offset by $8 million in gains on forgiveness of debt, all included in nonoperating expense, net. |
At December 31, 2008, US Airways had approximately $1.41 billion of gross NOL to reduce future federal taxable income. Of this amount, approximately $1.37 billion was available to reduce federal taxable income in the calendar year 2009. The NOL expires during the years 2022 through 2028. US Airways’ deferred tax asset, which included $1.33 billion of the NOL discussed above, has been subject to a full valuation allowance. US Airways also had approximately $72 million of tax-effected state NOL at December 31, 2008.
US Airways reported a loss in the first quarter of 2009 and 2008 and did not record a tax provision in either period.
34
The table below sets forth US Airways’ selected mainline and Express operating data:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended | | | Percent | |
| | March 31, | | | Change | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2009-2008 | |
Mainline | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue passenger miles (millions) (a) | | | 13,309 | | | | 14,489 | | | | (8.1 | ) |
Available seat miles (millions) (b) | | | 16,979 | | | | 18,335 | | | | (7.4 | ) |
Passenger load factor (percent) (c) | | | 78.4 | | | | 79.0 | | | (0.6 | ) pts |
Yield (cents) (d) | | | 12.10 | | | | 13.48 | | | | (10.2 | ) |
Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents) (e) | | | 9.49 | | | | 10.65 | | | | (10.9 | ) |
Aircraft at end of period | | | 347 | | | | 357 | | | | (2.8 | ) |
Fuel consumption (gallons in millions) | | | 258 | | | | 286 | | | | (9.7 | ) |
Average aircraft fuel price including related taxes (dollars per gallon) | | | 1.47 | | | | 2.88 | | | | (49.0 | ) |
Express (f) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue passenger miles (millions) (a) | | | 2,374 | | | | 2,485 | | | | (4.5 | ) |
Available seat miles (millions) (b) | | | 3,455 | | | | 3,599 | | | | (4.0 | ) |
Passenger load factor (percent) (c) | | | 68.7 | | | | 69.0 | | | (0.3 | ) pts |
Yield (cents) (d) | | | 23.22 | | | | 26.46 | | | | (12.2 | ) |
Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents) (e) | | | 15.95 | | | | 18.27 | | | | (12.7 | ) |
Aircraft at end of period | | | 293 | | | | 291 | | | | 0.7 | |
Fuel consumption (gallons in millions) | | | 81 | | | | 86 | | | | (5.3 | ) |
Average aircraft fuel price including related taxes (dollars per gallon) | | | 1.51 | | | | 2.90 | | | | (48.0 | ) |
Total Mainline and Express | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Revenue passenger miles (millions) (a) | | | 15,683 | | | | 16,974 | | | | (7.6 | ) |
Available seat miles (millions) (b) | | | 20,434 | | | | 21,934 | | | | (6.8 | ) |
Passenger load factor (percent) (c) | | | 76.7 | | | | 77.4 | | | (0.7 | ) pts |
Yield (cents) (d) | | | 13.79 | | | | 15.38 | | | | (10.4 | ) |
Passenger revenue per available seat mile (cents) (e) | | | 10.58 | | | | 11.90 | | | | (11.1 | ) |
Total revenue per available seat mile (cents) (g) | | | 12.19 | | | | 13.07 | | | | (6.8 | ) |
Aircraft at end of period | | | 640 | | | | 648 | | | | (1.2 | ) |
Fuel consumption (gallons in millions) | | | 339 | | | | 372 | | | | (8.7 | ) |
Average aircraft fuel price including related taxes (dollars per gallon) | | | 1.48 | | | | 2.89 | | | | (48.8 | ) |
| | |
(a) | | Revenue passenger mile (“RPM”) — A basic measure of sales volume. A RPM represents one passenger flown one mile. |
|
(b) | | Available seat mile (“ASM”) — A basic measure of production. An ASM represents one seat flown one mile. |
|
(c) | | Passenger load factor — The percentage of available seats that are filled with revenue passengers. |
|
(d) | | Yield — A measure of airline revenue derived by dividing passenger revenue by revenue passenger miles and expressed in cents per mile. |
|
(e) | | Passenger revenue per available seat mile (“PRASM”) — Passenger revenues divided by available seat miles. |
|
(f) | | Express statistics include Piedmont and PSA, as well as operating and financial results from capacity purchase agreements with Air Wisconsin Airlines Corporation, Republic Airways, Mesa Airlines, Inc. and Chautauqua Airlines, Inc. |
|
(g) | | Total revenue per available seat mile (“RASM”) — Total revenues divided by total mainline and Express available seat miles. |
35
Three Months Ended March 31, 2009
Compared with the
Three Months Ended March 31, 2008
Operating Revenues:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Percent | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Change | |
| | (In millions) | | | | |
Operating revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Mainline passenger | | $ | 1,611 | | | $ | 1,953 | | | | (17.5 | ) |
Express passenger | | | 551 | | | | 657 | | | | (16.1 | ) |
Cargo | | | 24 | | | | 36 | | | | (34.3 | ) |
Other | | | 305 | | | | 221 | | | | 38.2 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating revenues | | $ | 2,491 | | | $ | 2,867 | | | | (13.1 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating revenues in the first quarter of 2009 were $2.49 billion as compared to $2.87 billion in the 2008 period, a decline of $376 million or 13.1%. The weak demand environment in 2009 drove a $448 million or 17.2% decrease in mainline and Express passenger revenue on 6.8% lower capacity as compared to the 2008 period. The increase in ancillary revenues resulting from our new revenue initiatives implemented in 2008 offset a portion of this decline. As a result, total RASM decreased by a lower amount than mainline and Express PRASM. Total RASM decreased 6.8% to 12.19 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 13.07 cents in the first quarter of 2008. Significant changes in the components of operating revenues are as follows:
| • | | Mainline passenger revenues were $1.61 billion in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to $1.95 billion for the 2008 period. RPMs decreased 8.1% as mainline capacity, as measured by ASMs, decreased 7.4%, resulting in a 0.6 point decrease in load factor to 78.4%. Passenger yield decreased 10.2% to 12.1 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 13.48 cents in the 2008 period. PRASM decreased 10.9% to 9.49 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 10.65 cents in the 2008 period. Yield and PRASM decreased in the first quarter of 2009 due principally to the decline in passenger demand driven by a weakened global economy. |
| • | | Express passenger revenues were $551 million in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $106 million from the 2008 period. Express capacity, as measured by ASMs, decreased 4% in the first quarter of 2009. Express RPMs decreased by 4.5% resulting in a 0.3 point decrease in load factor to 68.7%. Express passenger yield decreased by 12.2% to 23.22 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 26.46 cents in the 2008 period. Express PRASM decreased 12.7% to 15.95 cents in the first quarter of 2009 from 18.27 cents in the 2008 period. The decreases in Express yield and PRASM are the result of the same passenger demand declines discussed in the mainline operations above. |
| • | | Cargo revenues were $24 million in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $12 million or 34.3% from the 2008 period. The decrease in cargo revenues was driven by declines in freight volumes as a result of the contraction of business spending in the current economic environment. |
| • | | Other revenues were $305 million in the first quarter of 2009, an increase of $84 million or 38.2% from the 2008 period due primarily to US Airways’ new revenue initiatives, principally its first and second checked bag fees, which were implemented in the third quarter of 2008. |
36
Operating Expenses:
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Percent | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Change | |
| | (In millions) | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Aircraft fuel and related taxes | | $ | 378 | | | $ | 823 | | | | (54.0 | ) |
Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Realized | | | 197 | | | | (81 | ) | | nm | |
Unrealized | | | (170 | ) | | | (36 | ) | | nm | |
Salaries and related costs | | | 551 | | | | 563 | | | | (2.1 | ) |
Aircraft rent | | | 178 | | | | 178 | | | | — | |
Aircraft maintenance | | | 174 | | | | 213 | | | | (18.1 | ) |
Other rent and landing fees | | | 131 | | | | 145 | | | | (9.6 | ) |
Selling expenses | | | 92 | | | | 104 | | | | (10.9 | ) |
Special items, net | | | 6 | | | | 26 | | | | (76.2 | ) |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 62 | | | | 52 | | | | 18.8 | |
Other | | | 286 | | | | 315 | | | | (9.3 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total mainline operating expenses | | | 1,885 | | | | 2,302 | | | | (18.1 | ) |
Express expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Fuel | | | 123 | | | | 249 | | | | (50.7 | ) |
Other | | | 509 | | | | 509 | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total Express expenses | | | 632 | | | | 758 | | | | (16.7 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | $ | 2,517 | | | $ | 3,060 | | | | (17.7 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses were $2.52 billion in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $543 million or 17.7% compared to the 2008 period. Mainline operating expenses were $1.89 billion in the first quarter of 2009, a decrease of $417 million or 18.1% from the 2008 period. The period over period decrease in mainline operating expenses was driven principally by decreases in fuel costs ($445 million) in the 2009 period.
The 2009 period included net charges from special items of $6 million as a result of US Airways’ capacity reductions, which consisted of $5 million in lease return costs and penalties and $1 million in severance charges. This compares to net special charges of $26 million in the 2008 period due to merger related transition expenses.
Significant changes in the components of mainline operating expenses are as follows:
| • | | Aircraft fuel and related taxes decreased 54% due primarily to a 49% decrease in the average price per gallon of fuel to $1.47 in the first quarter of 2009 from $2.88 in the 2008 period. A 9.7% decrease in gallons of fuel consumed in the 2009 period on 7.4% lower capacity also contributed to the decrease. |
| • | | Loss (gain) on fuel hedging instruments, net fluctuated from a gain of $117 million in the first quarter of 2008 to a loss of $27 million in the first quarter of 2009. The net loss in the 2009 period included realized losses of $197 million on settled fuel hedge transactions, offset by $170 million of net unrealized gains on open fuel hedge transactions. The unrealized gains are the result of the application of mark-to-market accounting in which unrealized losses recognized in prior periods are reversed as hedge transactions are settled in the current period. US Airways’ fuel hedging program uses collars with no premiums, which establish an upper and lower limit on heating oil futures prices, to provide protection from fuel price risks. US Airways uses heating oil as it is a commodity with prices that are generally highly correlated with jet fuel prices. US Airways recognized net gains from its fuel hedging program in the first quarter of 2008 as the price of heating oil exceeded the upper limit on certain of its collar transactions. |
| • | | Salaries and related costs decreased only 2.1% on 7.4% lower capacity due principally to higher salary and benefit costs associated with the unified mechanic and fleet services labor agreements ratified in the second quarter of 2008. |
| • | | Aircraft rent expense remained flat despite a 7.4% decrease in capacity due to a decrease in rent expense associated with the return to the lessor of older Boeing 737 and 757 aircraft in the period subsequent to the first quarter of 2008. This decrease was offset by an increase in rent expense associated with aircraft lease extensions at market rates to align the return of leased aircraft with deliveries of new aircraft. The leases that were extended were previously subject to deferred credits resulting from fair value adjustments to aircraft operating leases recorded in purchase accounting at the time of the US Airways and AWA merger. These deferred credits, which reduced recorded rent expense, were fully amortized over the original lease term. |
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| • | | Aircraft maintenance expense decreased 18.1% due principally to decreases in the number of engine and landing gear overhauls performed in the 2009 period as compared to the 2008 period. |
| • | | Depreciation and amortization expense increased 18.8% due to the acquisition of 11 Embraer aircraft and seven Airbus aircraft subsequent to the first quarter of 2008, which increased depreciation expense on owned aircraft. |
Total Express expenses decreased $126 million or 16.7% in the first quarter of 2009 to $632 million from $758 million in the 2008 period. The period over period decrease was primarily driven by decreases in fuel costs. Express fuel costs decreased $126 million as the average price per gallon decreased 48% from $2.90 in the 2008 period to $1.51 in the 2009 period as well as a 5.3% decrease in gallons of fuel consumed in 2009 on 4% lower capacity. Other Express expenses remained flat despite a 4% decrease in Express ASMs due to the fixed component of US Airways’ capacity purchase agreements as well as certain contractual rate increases with these carriers.
Nonoperating Income (Expense):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Percent | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | Change | |
| | (In millions) | | | | |
Nonoperating income (expense): | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest income | | $ | 6 | | | $ | 29 | | | | (78.0 | ) |
Interest expense, net | | | (61 | ) | | | (52 | ) | | | 17.0 | |
Other, net | | | (14 | ) | | | (8 | ) | | | 61.2 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total nonoperating expense, net | | $ | (69 | ) | | $ | (31 | ) | | nm | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net nonoperating expense was $69 million in the first quarter of 2009 as compared to $31 million in the 2008 period. Interest income decreased $23 million in the 2009 period due to lower average investment balances and lower rates of return. Interest expense, net increased $9 million due to an increase in the average debt balance outstanding primarily as a result of financing transactions completed in the fourth quarter of 2008, partially offset by reductions in average interest rates associated with variable rate debt as compared to the 2008 period.
Other nonoperating expense, net in the 2009 period included $7 million in other than temporary impairment charges for US Airways’ investments in auction rate securities due to continued declines in the fair values of certain securities as well as $6 million in foreign currency losses. Other nonoperating expense, net in the 2008 period included $13 million in other than temporary impairment charges for US Airways’ investments in auction rate securities as well as a $2 million write off of debt discount and debt issuance costs in connection with the refinancing of certain aircraft equipment notes and $2 million in foreign currency losses, offset in part by $8 million in gains on forgiveness of debt. The impairment charges on auction rate securities are discussed in more detail under “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of March 31, 2009, our cash, cash equivalents, investments in marketable securities and restricted cash were $2.11 billion, of which $0.67 billion was restricted. Our investments in marketable securities included $180 million of investments in auction rate securities at fair value ($411 million par value) that are classified as noncurrent assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.
Investments in Marketable Securities
As of March 31, 2009, we held auction rate securities totaling $411 million at par value, which are classified as available for sale securities and noncurrent assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Contractual maturities for these auction rate securities range from seven to 43 years, with 62% of our portfolio maturing within the next ten years, 10% maturing within the next 20 years, 16% maturing within the next 30 years and 12% maturing thereafter through 2052. Current yields range from 1.3% to 3.06%. With the liquidity issues experienced in the global credit and capital markets, all of our auction rate securities have experienced failed auctions since August 2007. The estimated fair value of these auction rate securities no longer approximates par value.
We estimated the fair value of these auction rate securities based on the following: (i) the underlying structure of each security; (ii) the present value of future principal and interest payments discounted at rates considered to reflect current market conditions; (iii) consideration of the probabilities of default, passing a future auction, or repurchase at par for each period; and (iv) estimates of the recovery rates in the event of default for each security. These estimated fair values could change significantly based on future market conditions.
At March 31, 2009, the fair value of our auction rate securities was $180 million, a decline of $7 million from December 31, 2008 and $231 million from par. The decline in the first quarter of 2009 was deemed to be an other than temporary impairment due to continued declines in the fair values of certain securities. Accordingly, we recorded $7 million in impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net in the first quarter of 2009 related to the other than temporary impairment of our auction rate securities.
We continue to monitor the market for auction rate securities and consider its impact (if any) on the fair value of our investments. If the current market conditions deteriorate further, we may be required to record additional impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net in future periods.
We do not anticipate having to sell these securities in order to operate our business. We believe that, based on our current unrestricted cash and cash equivalents balances at March 31, 2009, the current lack of liquidity in our investments in auction rate securities will not have a material impact on our liquidity, our cash flow or our ability to fund our operations.
Aviation Fuel and Derivative Instruments
Because our operations are dependent upon aviation fuel, significant increases in aviation fuel costs materially and adversely affect our liquidity, results of operations and financial condition. Our 2009 forecasted mainline and Express fuel consumption is approximately 1.42 billion gallons, and a cent per gallon increase in aviation fuel price results in a $14 million annual increase in expense, excluding the impact of hedge transactions.
As of March 31, 2009, we had fuel hedge transactions consisting of collars with no premiums, which establish an upper and lower limit on heating oil futures prices, to protect us from fuel price risks. These transactions are in place with respect to approximately 9% of our remaining projected 2009 mainline and Express jet fuel requirements at a weighted average collar range of $3.50 to $3.70 per gallon of heating oil or $139.98 to $148.38 per barrel of estimated crude oil equivalent.
The use of such hedging transactions in our fuel hedging program could result in us not fully benefiting from certain declines in heating oil futures prices. As of March 31, 2009, the fair value of our fuel hedging instruments was a net liability of $205 million. If oil prices remain at the same level as March 31, 2009, the $205 million of unrealized losses will be realized in the second and third quarters of 2009 in the amount of $146 million and $59 million, respectively. Further, these instruments do not provide protection from future price increases unless heating oil prices exceed the call option price of the collar. Although heating oil prices are generally highly correlated with those of jet fuel, the prices of jet fuel may change more or less than heating oil, resulting in a change in fuel expense that is not perfectly offset by the hedge transactions. At March 31, 2009, we estimate that a 10% increase in heating oil futures prices would increase the fair value of the hedge transactions by approximately $14 million. Similarly, we estimate that a 10% decrease in heating oil futures prices would decrease the fair value of the hedge transactions by approximately $14 million.
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When our fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net asset position, we are exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to our fuel hedging derivatives. The amount of such credit exposure is limited to the unrealized gains on our fuel hedging derivatives. To manage credit risks, we carefully select counterparties, conduct transactions with multiple counterparties which limits our exposure to any single counterparty and monitor the market position of the program and our relative market position with each counterparty. We also maintain industry-standard security agreements with all of our counterparties which may require the counterparty to post collateral if the value of the fuel hedging derivatives exceeds specified thresholds related to the counterparty’s credit ratings.
When our fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net liability position, we are exposed to credit risks related to the return of collateral in situations in which we have posted collateral with counterparties for unrealized losses. When possible, in order to mitigate the risk of posting collateral, we provide letters of credit to certain counterparties in lieu of cash. At March 31, 2009, $165 million related to letters of credit collateralizing certain counterparties to our fuel hedging transactions is included in short-term restricted cash. In addition, at March 31, 2009, we had $79 million in cash deposits held by counterparties to collateralize our fuel hedging transactions. Since the third quarter of 2008, we have not entered into any new transactions as part of our fuel hedging program due to the impact collateral requirements could have on our liquidity if the price of oil continues to fall.
Further declines in heating oil prices would result in additional collateral requirements with our counterparties, unrealized losses on our existing fuel hedging derivative instruments and realized losses at the time of settlement of these fuel hedging derivative instruments. See also Item 3. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”
Sources and Uses of Cash
US Airways Group
Net cash provided by operating activities was $187 million for the first three months of 2009 compared to net cash used in operating activities of $25 million for the first three months of 2008. The period over period increase of $212 million was driven by a decrease in the net loss recognized in the 2009 first quarter as compared to the first quarter of 2008. Fuel costs were substantially lower in the 2009 period, which was offset in part by a decline in revenues. Our mainline and Express fuel expense was $571 million lower in the 2009 period than the 2008 period on 6.8% lower capacity. Total revenues declined $385 million due to the economic slowdown and resulting weak revenue environment in 2009.
Net cash used in investing activities was $74 million and $117 million for the first three months of 2009 and 2008, respectively. Principal investing activities in the 2009 period included expenditures for property and equipment totaling $135 million, including the purchase of two Airbus A321 aircraft, and a $48 million increase in equipment purchase deposits for certain aircraft on order, offset by $52 million in proceeds from disposition of property and equipment, a $37 million decrease in restricted cash and net sales of investments in marketable securities of $20 million. The $52 million in proceeds resulted from a swap of an owned aircraft for the aircraft involved in the Flight 1549 accident as allowed under our lease agreement and several engine sale-leaseback transactions. The $37 million decrease in the restricted cash balance for the 2009 period was due to changes in the amount of holdback held by certain credit card processors for advance ticket sales for which we had not yet provided air transportation. Principal investing activities in the 2008 period included expenditures for property and equipment totaling $150 million, including the purchase of three Embraer 190 aircraft, and a $36 million increase in equipment purchase deposits for certain aircraft on order, offset in part by net sales of investments in marketable securities of $61 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $115 million and $99 million for the first three months of 2009 and 2008, respectively. Principal financing activities in the 2009 period included proceeds from the issuance of debt of $221 million, which included additional loans under a spare parts loan agreement, a loan secured by certain airport landing slots, an unsecured financing with one of our third party Express carriers and the financing of two Airbus aircraft acquisitions. Debt repayments totaled $105 million in the 2009 period. Principal financing activities in the 2008 period included proceeds from the issuance of debt of $251 million, in part to finance the acquisition of three Embraer 190 aircraft, and $145 million in proceeds from the refinancing of certain aircraft equipment notes. Debt repayments were $149 million, including $97 million related to the $145 million aircraft equipment note refinancing discussed above.
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US Airways
Net cash provided by operating activities was $176 million for the first three months of 2009 compared to net cash used in operating activities of $51 million for the first three months of 2008. The period over period increase of $227 million was driven by a decrease in the net loss recognized in the 2009 first quarter as compared to the first quarter of 2008. Fuel costs were substantially lower in the 2009 period, which was offset in part by a decline in revenues. US Airways’ mainline and Express fuel expense was $571 million lower in the 2009 period than the 2008 period on 6.8% lower capacity. Total revenues declined $376 million due to the economic slowdown and resulting weak revenue environment in 2009.
Net cash used in investing activities was $73 million and $104 million for the first three months of 2009 and 2008, respectively. Principal investing activities in the 2009 period included expenditures for property and equipment totaling $134 million, including the purchase of two Airbus A321 aircraft, and a $48 million increase in equipment purchase deposits for certain aircraft on order, offset by $52 million in proceeds from disposition of property and equipment, a $37 million decrease in restricted cash and net sales of investments in marketable securities of $20 million. The $52 million in proceeds resulted from a swap of an owned aircraft for the aircraft involved in the Flight 1549 accident as allowed under US Airways’ lease agreement and several engine sale-leaseback transactions. The $37 million decrease in the restricted cash balance for the 2009 period was due to changes in the amount of holdback held by certain credit card processors for advance ticket sales for which US Airways had not yet provided air transportation. Principal investing activities in the 2008 period included expenditures for property and equipment totaling $137 million, including the purchase of three Embraer 190 aircraft, and a $36 million increase in equipment purchase deposits for certain aircraft on order, offset in part by net sales of investments in marketable securities of $61 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $131 million and $114 million for the first three months of 2009 and 2008, respectively. Principal financing activities in the 2009 period included proceeds from the issuance of debt of $221 million, which included additional loans under a spare parts loan agreement, a loan secured by certain airport landing slots, an unsecured financing with one of our third party Express carriers and the financing of two Airbus aircraft acquisitions. Debt repayments totaled $89 million in the 2009 period. Principal financing activities in the 2008 period included proceeds from the issuance of debt of $251 million, in part to finance the acquisition of three Embraer 190 aircraft, and $145 million in proceeds from the refinancing of certain aircraft equipment notes. Debt repayments were $134 million, including $97 million related to the $145 million aircraft equipment note refinancing discussed above.
Commitments
As of March 31, 2009, we had $4.32 billion of long-term debt and capital leases (including current maturities and before discount on debt). The information contained herein is not a comprehensive discussion and analysis of our commitments, but rather updates disclosures made in the 2008 Form 10-K.
Citicorp Credit Facility
On March 23, 2007, US Airways Group entered into a term loan credit facility with Citicorp North America, Inc., as administrative agent, and a syndicate of lenders pursuant to which US Airways Group borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $1.6 billion. US Airways, AWA and certain other subsidiaries of US Airways Group are guarantors of the Citicorp credit facility.
The Citicorp credit facility bears interest at an index rate plus an applicable index margin or, at our option, LIBOR plus an applicable LIBOR margin for interest periods of one, two, three or six months. The applicable index margin, subject to adjustment, is 1.00%, 1.25% or 1.50% if the adjusted loan balance is less than $600 million, between $600 million and $1 billion, or between $1 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. The applicable LIBOR margin, subject to adjustment, is 2.00%, 2.25% or 2.50% if the adjusted loan balance is less than $600 million, between $600 million and $1 billion, or between $1 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. In addition, interest on the Citicorp credit facility may be adjusted based on the credit rating for the Citicorp credit facility as follows: (i) if the credit ratings of the Citicorp credit facility by Moody’s and S&P in effect as of the last day of the most recently ended fiscal quarter are both at least one subgrade better than the credit ratings in effect on March 23, 2007, then (A) the applicable LIBOR margin will be the lower of 2.25% and the rate otherwise applicable based upon the adjusted Citicorp credit facility balance and (B) the applicable index margin will be the lower of 1.25% and the rate otherwise applicable based upon the Citicorp credit facility principal balance, and (ii) if the credit ratings of the Citicorp credit facility by Moody’s and S&P in effect as of the last day of the most recently ended fiscal quarter are both at least two subgrades better than the credit ratings in effect on March 23, 2007, then (A) the applicable LIBOR margin will be 2.00% and (B) the applicable index margin will be 1.00%. As of March 31, 2009, the interest rate on the Citicorp credit facility was 3.02% based on a 2.50% LIBOR margin.
The Citicorp credit facility matures on March 23, 2014, and is repayable in seven annual installments with each of the first six installments to be paid on each anniversary of the closing date in an amount equal to 1% of the initial aggregate principal amount of the loan and the final installment to be paid on the maturity date in the amount of the full remaining balance of the loan.
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In addition, the Citicorp credit facility requires certain mandatory prepayments upon the occurrence of certain events, establishes certain financial covenants, including minimum cash requirements and maintenance of certain minimum ratios, contains customary affirmative covenants and negative covenants and contains customary events of default. Prior to the amendment discussed below, the Citicorp credit facility required us to maintain consolidated unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of not less than $1.25 billion, with not less than $750 million (subject to partial reductions upon certain reductions in the outstanding principal amount of the loan) of that amount held in accounts subject to control agreements, which would become restricted for use by us if certain adverse events occur per the terms of the agreement.
On October 20, 2008, US Airways Group entered into an amendment to the Citicorp credit facility. Pursuant to the amendment, we repaid $400 million of indebtedness under the credit facility, reducing the principal amount outstanding under the credit facility to approximately $1.17 billion as of March 31, 2009. The Citicorp credit facility amendment also provides for a reduction in the amount of unrestricted cash required to be held by us from $1.25 billion to $850 million, and we may, prior to September 30, 2009, further reduce that minimum requirement to a minimum of $750 million on a dollar-for-dollar basis for any additional repayments of up to $100 million of indebtedness under the credit facility. The Citicorp credit facility amendment also provides that prior to September 30, 2009 we may sell, finance or otherwise pledge assets that were pledged as collateral under the credit facility, so long as we prepay the indebtedness under the credit facility in an amount equal to 75% of the appraised value of the collateral sold or financed or assigned or 75% of the collateral value of eligible accounts (determined in accordance with the credit facility) sold or financed in such transaction. In addition, the Citicorp credit facility amendment provides that we may issue debt in the future with a silent second lien on the assets pledged as collateral under the Citicorp credit facility. As of March 31, 2009, we were in compliance with all debt covenants under the amended credit facility.
Credit Card Processing Agreements
We have agreements with companies that process customer credit card transactions for the sale of air travel and other services. Credit card processors have financial risk associated with tickets purchased for travel because, although the processor generally forwards the cash related to the purchase to us soon after the purchase is completed, the air travel generally occurs after that time, and the processor may have liability if we do not ultimately provide the air travel. Our agreements allow these processing companies, under certain conditions, to hold an amount of our cash (referred to as a “holdback”) equal to a portion of advance ticket sales that have been processed by that company, but for which we have not yet provided the air transportation. These holdback requirements can be modified at the discretion of the processing companies, up to the estimated liability for future air travel purchased with the respective credit cards, upon the occurrence of specified events, including material adverse changes in our financial condition. The amount that the processing companies may withhold also varies as a result of changes in financial risk due to seasonal fluctuations in ticket volume. Additional holdback requirements will reduce our liquidity in the form of unrestricted cash and short-term investments by the amount of the holdbacks.
2009 Financing Transactions
On January 16, 2009, US Airways exercised its right to obtain new loan commitments and incur additional loans under a spare parts loan agreement. In connection with the exercise of that right, Airbus Financial Services funded $50 million in satisfaction of a previous commitment. This loan will mature on October 20, 2014, will bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a margin and will be secured by the collateral securing loans under the spare parts loan agreement.
On March 31, 2009, US Airways again exercised its right to obtain new loan commitments and incur additional loans under the spare parts loan agreement and borrowed $50 million. This loan will mature on October 20, 2014, will bear interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a margin and will be secured by the collateral securing loans under the spare parts loan agreement. With a portion of the proceeds, US Airways purchased an A321 aircraft previously leased to US Airways by an affiliate of the debt holder. As a result, this aircraft became unencumbered.
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Aircraft and Engine Purchase Commitments
US Airways has definitive purchase agreements with Airbus for the acquisition of 134 aircraft, including 97 single-aisle A320 family aircraft and 37 widebody aircraft (comprised of 22 A350 XWB aircraft and 15 A330-200 aircraft). Deliveries of the A320 family aircraft commenced during 2008 with the delivery of five A321 aircraft. During the first quarter of 2009, US Airways took delivery of two A321 aircraft which were financed through an existing facility agreement. US Airways plans to take delivery of 16 A321 aircraft, two A320 aircraft and five A330-200 aircraft prior to the end of 2009. Deliveries of the remaining A320 family aircraft will continue through 2012, deliveries of the A330-200 aircraft will continue through 2011 and deliveries of the A350 XWB aircraft will begin in 2015 and extend through 2018.
US Airways has agreements for the purchase of eight new IAE V2500-A5 spare engines scheduled for delivery through 2014 for use on the Airbus A320 family fleet, three new Trent 700 spare engines scheduled for delivery through 2011 for use on the Airbus A330-200 fleet and three new Trent XWB spare engines scheduled for delivery in 2015 through 2017 for use on the Airbus A350 XWB aircraft.
Under all of our aircraft and engine purchase agreements, our total future commitments as of March 31, 2009 are expected to be approximately $6.7 billion through 2018, which includes predelivery deposits and payments. We have secured financing for our A321 aircraft deliveries through June 2009. In addition, the remaining A320 family aircraft scheduled for delivery in 2009 have backstop financing available through the manufacturer. The A330 deliveries scheduled for 2009 do not have backstop financing; however, we are currently evaluating financing alternatives and expect to obtain financing for these aircraft at customary advance rates and on terms and conditions acceptable to the Company. If we are not able to arrange financing on those terms, the Company expects it would seek to negotiate deferrals of deliveries with the manufacturer or financing at lower than customary advance rates, or, if required, use cash from operations or other sources to purchase the aircraft. See “Risk Factors — Our high level of fixed obligations limits our ability to fund general corporate requirements and obtain additional financing, limits our flexibility in responding to competitive developments and increases our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions” in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”
Covenants and Credit Rating
In addition to the minimum cash balance requirements, our long-term debt agreements contain various negative covenants that restrict or limit our actions, including our ability to pay dividends or make other restricted payments. Certain long-term debt agreements also contain cross-default provisions, which may be triggered by defaults by us under other agreements relating to indebtedness. See “Risk Factors — Our high level of fixed obligations limits our ability to fund general corporate requirements and obtain additional financing, limits our flexibility in responding to competitive developments and increases our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions” in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” As of March 31, 2009, we and our subsidiaries were in compliance with the covenants in our long-term debt agreements.
Our credit ratings, like those of most airlines, are relatively low. The following table details our credit ratings as of March 31, 2009:
| | | | | | |
| | S&P | | Fitch | | Moody’s |
| | Local Issuer | | Issuer Default | | Corporate |
| | credit rating | | credit rating | | Family rating |
US Airways Group | | B- | | CCC | | Caa1 |
US Airways | | B- | | * | | * |
| | |
(*) | | The credit agencies do not rate these categories for US Airways. |
A decrease in our credit ratings could cause our borrowing costs to increase, which would increase our interest expense and could affect our net income, and our credit ratings could adversely affect our ability to obtain additional financing. If our financial performance or industry conditions do not improve, we may face future downgrades, which could further negatively impact our borrowing costs and the prices of our equity or debt securities. In addition, any downgrade of our credit ratings may indicate a decline in our business and in our ability to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
An off-balance sheet arrangement is any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under which a company has (1) made guarantees, (2) a retained or a contingent interest in transferred assets, (3) an obligation under derivative instruments classified as equity or (4) any obligation arising out of a material variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to us, or that engages in leasing, hedging or research and development arrangements with us.
There have been no material changes in our off-balance sheet arrangements as set forth in our 2008 Form 10-K.
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Contractual Obligations
The following table provides details of our future cash contractual obligations as of March 31, 2009 (in millions):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Payments Due by Period | |
| | 2009 | | | 2010 | | | 2011 | | | 2012 | | | 2013 | | | Thereafter | | | Total | |
US Airways Group (1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Debt (2) | | $ | — | | | $ | 33 | | | $ | 116 | | | $ | 99 | | | $ | 16 | | | $ | 1,178 | | | $ | 1,442 | |
Interest obligations (3) | | | 38 | | | | 50 | | | | 47 | | | | 41 | | | | 39 | | | | 50 | | | | 265 | |
US Airways (4) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Debt and capital lease obligations (5) (6) | | | 301 | | | | 319 | | | | 292 | | | | 265 | | | | 213 | | | | 1,485 | | | | 2,875 | |
Interest obligations (3) (6) | | | 106 | | | | 135 | | | | 151 | | | | 123 | | | | 81 | | | | 396 | | | | 992 | |
Aircraft purchase and operating lease commitments (7) | | | 1,917 | | | | 2,316 | | | | 2,137 | | | | 1,540 | | | | 667 | | | | 5,327 | | | | 13,904 | |
Regional capacity purchase agreements (8) | | | 766 | | | | 1,017 | | | | 1,035 | | | | 903 | | | | 771 | | | | 2,747 | | | | 7,239 | |
Other US Airways Group subsidiaries (9) | | | 7 | | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | | | | — | | | | 12 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 3,135 | | | $ | 3,872 | | | $ | 3,779 | | | $ | 2,972 | | | $ | 1,788 | | | $ | 11,183 | | | $ | 26,729 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | |
(1) | | These commitments represent those specifically entered into by US Airways Group or joint commitments entered into by US Airways Group and US Airways under which each entity is jointly and severally liable. |
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(2) | | Excludes $51 million of unamortized debt discount as of March 31, 2009. |
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(3) | | For variable-rate debt, future interest obligations are shown above using interest rates in effect as of March 31, 2009. |
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(4) | | Commitments listed separately under US Airways and its wholly owned subsidiaries represent commitments under agreements entered into separately by those companies. |
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(5) | | Excludes $109 million of unamortized debt discount as of March 31, 2009. |
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(6) | | Includes $519 million of future principal payments and $249 million of future interest payments as of March 31, 2009, respectively, related to pass through trust certificates or EETCs associated with mortgage financings for the purchase of certain aircraft. |
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(7) | | Includes $3.41 billion of future minimum lease payments related to EETC leveraged leased financings of certain aircraft as of March 31, 2009. |
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(8) | | Represents minimum payments under capacity purchase agreements with third-party Express carriers. |
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(9) | | Represents operating lease commitments entered into by US Airways Group’s other airline subsidiaries Piedmont and PSA. |
We expect to fund these cash obligations from funds provided by operations and future financings, if necessary. The cash available to us from these sources, however, may not be sufficient to cover these cash obligations because economic factors outside our control may reduce the amount of cash generated by operations or increase our costs. For instance, an economic downturn or general global instability caused by military actions, terrorism, disease outbreaks and natural disasters could reduce the demand for air travel, which would reduce the amount of cash generated by operations. An increase in our costs, either due to an increase in borrowing costs caused by a reduction in our credit rating or a general increase in interest rates or due to an increase in the cost of fuel, maintenance, aircraft and aircraft engines and parts, could decrease the amount of cash available to cover the cash obligations. Moreover, the Citicorp credit facility, our amended credit card agreement with Barclays and certain of our other financing arrangements contain minimum cash balance requirements. As a result, we cannot use all of our available cash to fund operations, capital expenditures and cash obligations without violating these requirements.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In the first quarter of 2009, there were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in the financial statements and accompanying notes contained in our 2008 Form 10-K.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position (“FSP”) Accounting Principles Board (“APB”) 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement).” FSP APB 14-1 applies to convertible debt instruments that, by their stated terms, may be settled in cash (or other assets) upon conversion, including partial cash settlement of the conversion option. FSP APB 14-1 requires bifurcation of the instrument into a debt component that is initially recorded at fair value and an equity component. The difference between the fair value of the debt component and the initial proceeds from issuance of the instrument is recorded as a component of equity. The liability component of the debt instrument is accreted to par using the effective yield method; accretion is reported as a component of interest expense. The equity component is not subsequently re-valued as long as it continues to qualify for equity treatment. FSP APB 14-1 must be applied retrospectively to previously issued cash-settleable convertible instruments as well as prospectively to newly issued instruments. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years.
We issued a total of $144 million of 7% senior convertible notes on September 30, 2005. As of March 31, 2009, $74 million of par value remained outstanding under the 7% senior convertible notes. The holders of these notes may convert, at any time on or prior to maturity or redemption, any outstanding notes (or portions thereof) into shares of our common stock, initially at a conversion rate of 41.4508 shares of stock per $1,000 principal amount of notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $24.12 per share). In lieu of delivery of shares of common stock upon conversion of all or any portion of the notes, we may elect to pay cash or a combination of shares and cash to holders surrendering notes for conversion. The 7% senior convertible notes are subject to the provisions of FSP 14-1 since the notes can be settled in cash upon conversion.
We adopted FSP APB 14-1 on January 1, 2009. We concluded that the fair value of the equity component of our 7% senior convertible notes at the time of issuance in 2005 was $47 million. Upon retrospective application, the adoption resulted in a $29 million increase in accumulated deficit at December 31, 2008, comprised of non-cash interest expense of $17 million for the years 2005-2008 and non-cash losses on debt extinguishment of $12 million related to the partial conversion of certain notes to common stock in 2006. As of March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, the carrying value of the equity component was $40 million. The principal amount of the outstanding notes, the unamortized discount and the net carrying value at March 31, 2009 was $74 million, $10 million and $64 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2008 was $74 million, $11 million and $63 million, respectively. The remaining period over which the unamortized discount will be recognized is 1.5 years. We recognized $1 million in non-cash interest expense in each of the three months ended March 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, related to the adoption of FSP APB 14-1. The following table presents the December 31, 2008 balance sheet line items affected as adjusted and as originally reported (in millions).
| | | | | | | | |
| | December 31, 2008 | |
| | As Adjusted | | | As Reported | |
Long-term debt and capital leases, net of current maturities | | $ | 3,623 | | | $ | 3,634 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 1,789 | | | | 1,749 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (2,336 | ) | | | (2,307 | ) |
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP Financial Accounting Standards (“FAS”) 115-2 and FAS 124-2, “Recognition and Presentation of Other-Than-Temporary Impairments.” This FSP changes existing guidance for determining whether an impairment of debt securities is other than temporary. The FSP requires other than temporary impairments to be separated into the amount representing the decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from a security (referred to as credit losses) which is recognized in earnings and the amount related to other factors which is recognized in other comprehensive income. This noncredit loss component of the impairment may only be classified in other comprehensive income if the holder of the security concludes that it does not intend to sell and it will not more likely than not be required to sell the security before it recovers its value. If these conditions are not met, the noncredit loss must also be recognized in earnings. When adopting the FSP, an entity is required to record a cumulative effect adjustment as of the beginning of the period of adoption to reclassify the noncredit component of a previously recognized other than temporary impairment from retained earnings to accumulated other comprehensive income. FSP FAS 115-2 and FAS 124-2 is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. Management is currently evaluating the requirements of the FSP and has not yet determined the impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In April 2009, the FASB issued FSP FAS 157-4, “Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or Liability Have Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions That Are Not Orderly.” This FSP provides additional guidance on estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for an asset or liability have significantly decreased in relation to normal market activity for the asset or liability. The FSP also provides additional guidance on circumstances that may indicate that a transaction is not orderly. FSP FAS 157-4 is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. We do not believe the adoption of this FSP will materially impact our condensed consolidated financial statements.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market Risk Sensitive Instruments
Our primary market risk exposures include commodity price risk (i.e., the price paid to obtain aviation fuel) and interest rate risk. Our exposure to market risk from changes in commodity prices and interest rates has not changed materially from our exposure discussed in our 2008 Form 10-K except as updated below.
Commodity price risk
As of March 31, 2009, we had fuel hedge transactions consisting of collars with no premiums, which establish an upper and lower limit on heating oil futures prices, to protect us from fuel price risks. These transactions are in place with respect to approximately 9% of our remaining projected 2009 mainline and Express jet fuel requirements at a weighted average collar range of $3.50 to $3.70 per gallon of heating oil or $139.98 to $148.38 per barrel of estimated crude oil equivalent.
The use of such hedging transactions in our fuel hedging program could result in us not fully benefiting from certain declines in heating oil futures prices. As of March 31, 2009, the fair value of our fuel hedging instruments was a net liability of $205 million. If oil prices remain at the same level as March 31, 2009, the $205 million of unrealized losses will be realized in the second and third quarters of 2009 in the amount of $146 million and $59 million, respectively. Further, these instruments do not provide protection from future price increases unless heating oil prices exceed the call option price of the collar. Although heating oil prices are generally highly correlated with those of jet fuel, the prices of jet fuel may change more or less than heating oil, resulting in a change in fuel expense that is not perfectly offset by the hedge transactions. At March 31, 2009, we estimate that a 10% increase in heating oil futures prices would increase the fair value of the hedge transactions by approximately $14 million. Similarly, we estimate that a 10% decrease in heating oil futures prices would decrease the fair value of the hedge transactions by approximately $14 million. Since we have not entered into any new fuel hedge transactions since the third quarter of 2008, the impact of changes in heating oil futures prices will decrease as existing hedges are settled.
When our fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net asset position, we are exposed to credit losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to our fuel hedging derivatives. The amount of such credit exposure is limited to the unrealized gains on our fuel hedging derivatives. To manage credit risks, we carefully select counterparties, conduct transactions with multiple counterparties which limits our exposure to any single counterparty, and monitor the market position of the program and our relative market position with each counterparty. We also maintain industry-standard security agreements with all of our counterparties which may require the counterparty to post collateral if the value of the fuel hedging derivatives exceeds specified thresholds related to the counterparty’s credit ratings.
When our fuel hedging derivative instruments are in a net liability position, we are exposed to credit risks related to the return of collateral in situations in which we have posted collateral with counterparties for unrealized losses. When possible, in order to mitigate the risk of posting collateral, we provide letters of credit to certain counterparties in lieu of cash. At March 31, 2009, $165 million related to letters of credit collateralizing certain counterparties to our fuel hedging transactions is included in short-term restricted cash. In addition, at March 31, 2009, we had $79 million in cash deposits held by counterparties to collateralize our fuel hedging transactions. Since the third quarter of 2008, we have not entered into any new transactions as part of our fuel hedging program due to the impact collateral requirements could have on our liquidity if the price of oil continues to fall.
Further declines in heating oil prices would result in additional collateral requirements with our counterparties, unrealized losses on our existing fuel hedging derivative instruments and realized losses at the time of settlement of these fuel hedging derivative instruments.
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Interest rate risk
Our exposure to interest rate risk relates primarily to our cash equivalents, investment portfolios and variable rate debt obligations. At March 31, 2009, our variable-rate long-term debt obligations of approximately $2.99 billion represented approximately 69% of our total long-term debt. If interest rates increased 10% in 2009, the impact on our results of operations would be approximately $12 million of additional interest expense.
At March 31, 2009, included within our investment portfolio are $180 million ($411 million par value) of investments in auction rate securities. With the liquidity issues experienced in the global credit and capital markets, all of our auction rate securities have experienced failed auctions since August 2007. The estimated fair value of these auction rate securities no longer approximates par value. As of March 31, 2009, the full decline in value from the par value of our investment in auction rate securities of $231 million has been recorded as an other than temporary impairment, of which $7 million was recorded in the first quarter of 2009. We continue to monitor the market for auction rate securities and consider its impact (if any) on the fair value of our investments. If the current market conditions deteriorate further, we may be required to record additional impairment charges in other nonoperating expense, net in future periods.
We do not anticipate having to sell these securities in order to operate our business. We believe that, based on our current unrestricted cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2009, the current lack of liquidity in our investments in auction rate securities will not have a material impact on our liquidity, our cash flow or our ability to fund our operations. Refer to Note 8, “Investments in Marketable Securities (Noncurrent)” in Part I, Items 1A and 1B, respectively, of this report for additional information.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of US Airways Group’s and US Airways’ management, including the Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (the “CFO”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the rules promulgated under the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2009. Based on that evaluation, our management, including the CEO and CFO, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2009.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting.
There has been no change to US Airways Group’s or US Airways’ internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2009 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, US Airways Group’s or US Airways’ internal control over financial reporting.
Limitation on the effectiveness of controls.
We believe that a controls system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the controls system are met and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and the CEO and CFO believe that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the “reasonable assurance” level as of March 31, 2009.
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Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
On September 12, 2004, US Airways Group and its domestic subsidiaries (collectively, the “Reorganized Debtors”) filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Alexandria Division (Case Nos. 04-13819-SSM through 03-13823-SSM) (the “2004 Bankruptcy”). On September 16, 2005, the Bankruptcy Court issued an order confirming the plan of reorganization submitted by the Reorganized Debtors and on September 27, 2005, the Reorganized Debtors emerged from the 2004 Bankruptcy. The Bankruptcy Court’s order confirming the plan included a provision called the plan injunction, which forever bars other parties from pursuing most claims against the Reorganized Debtors that arose prior to September 27, 2005 in any forum other than the Bankruptcy Court. The great majority of these claims are pre-petition claims that, if paid out at all, will be paid out in common stock of the post-bankruptcy US Airways Group at a fraction of the actual claim amount.
The Company and/or its subsidiaries are defendants in various pending lawsuits and proceedings, and from time to time are subject to other claims arising in the normal course of our business, many of which are covered in whole or in part by insurance. The outcome of those matters cannot be predicted with certainty at this time, but the Company, having consulted with outside counsel, believes that the ultimate disposition of these contingencies will not materially affect its consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
Below are a series of risk factors that may affect our results of operations or financial performance. We caution the reader that these risk factors may not be exhaustive. We operate in a continually changing business environment, and new risk factors emerge from time to time. Management cannot predict such new risk factors, nor can it assess the impact, if any, of these risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor or combination of factors may impact our business.
Risk Factors Relating to the Company and Industry Related Risks
US Airways Group could experience significant operating losses in the future.
There are several reasons, including those addressed in these risk factors, why US Airways Group might fail to achieve profitability and might in fact experience significant losses. In particular, the weakened condition of the economy and the high volatility of fuel prices have had and continue to have an impact on our operating results, and overall worsening economic conditions increase the risk that we will experience losses.
Our business may be adversely affected by a downturn in economic conditions.
Due to the discretionary nature of business and leisure travel spending, airline industry revenues are heavily influenced by the condition of the U.S. economy and the economies in other regions of the world. Unfavorable conditions in these broader economies can result in decreased passenger demand for air travel and changes in booking practices, both of which in turn can have a strong negative effect on our revenues. In addition, during challenging economic times, actions by our competitors to increase their revenues can have an adverse impact on our revenues. See “The airline industry is intensely competitive and dynamic” below. Certain contractual obligations limit our ability to shrink the number of aircraft in operation below certain levels. As a result, we may not be able to optimize the number of aircraft in operation compared to a decrease in passenger demand for air travel.
Increased costs of financing, a reduction in the availability of financing and fluctuations in interest rates could adversely affect our liquidity, operating expenses and results.
Changes in the domestic and global financial markets may increase our costs and adversely affect our ability to obtain financing needed for the acquisition of aircraft that we have contractual commitments to purchase and for other types of financings we may seek in order to raise capital or fund other types of obligations. Any downgrades to our credit rating may likewise increase the cost and reduce the availability of financings.
Further, a substantial portion of our indebtedness bears interest at fluctuating interest rates. These are primarily based on the London interbank offered rate for deposits of U.S. dollars, or “LIBOR.” LIBOR tends to fluctuate based on general economic conditions, general interest rates, federal reserve rates and the supply of and demand for credit in the London interbank market. We have not hedged our interest rate exposure and, accordingly, our interest expense for any particular period may fluctuate based on LIBOR and other variable interest rates. To the extent these interest rates increase, our interest expense will increase, in which event we may have difficulties making interest payments and funding our other fixed costs, and our available cash flow for general corporate requirements may be adversely affected. See also the discussion of interest rate risk in Part I, Item 3.
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Our high level of fixed obligations limits our ability to fund general corporate requirements and obtain additional financing, limits our flexibility in responding to competitive developments and increases our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions.
We have a significant amount of fixed obligations, including debt, aircraft leases and financings, aircraft purchase commitments, leases and developments of airport and other facilities and other cash obligations. We also have certain guaranteed costs associated with our regional alliances. As a result of the substantial fixed costs associated with these obligations:
| • | | A decrease in revenues results in a disproportionately greater percentage decrease in earnings. |
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| • | | We may not have sufficient liquidity to fund all of these fixed costs if our revenues decline or costs increase. |
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| • | | We may have to use our working capital to fund these fixed costs instead of funding general corporate requirements, including capital expenditures. |
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| • | | We may not have sufficient liquidity to respond to competitive developments and adverse economic conditions. |
Our obligations also impact our ability to obtain additional financing, if needed, and our flexibility in the conduct of our business. Our existing indebtedness is secured by substantially all of our assets. Moreover, the terms of our Citicorp credit facility and certain of our other financing arrangements require us to maintain consolidated unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of not less than $850 million, with not less than $750 million (subject to partial reductions upon certain reductions in the outstanding principal amount of the loan) of that amount held in accounts subject to control agreements.
Our ability to pay the fixed costs associated with our contractual obligations depends on our operating performance and cash flow, which in turn depend on general economic and political conditions. A failure to pay our fixed costs or a breach of the contractual obligations could result in a variety of adverse consequences, including the acceleration of our indebtedness, the withholding of credit card proceeds by the credit card servicers and the exercise of remedies by our creditors and lessors. In such a situation, it is unlikely that we would be able to fulfill our contractual obligations, repay the accelerated indebtedness, make required lease payments or otherwise cover our fixed costs.
If our financial condition worsens, provisions in our credit card processing and other commercial agreements may adversely affect our liquidity.
We have agreements with companies that process customer credit card transactions for the sale of air travel and other services. These agreements allow these processing companies, under certain conditions, to hold an amount of our cash (referred to as a “holdback”) equal to a portion of advance ticket sales that have been processed by that company, but for which we have not yet provided the air transportation. These holdback requirements can be modified at the discretion of the processing companies upon the occurrence of specific events, including material adverse changes in our financial condition. An increase in the current holdback balances to higher percentages up to and including 100% of relevant advanced ticket sales could materially reduce our liquidity. Likewise, other of our commercial agreements contain provisions that allow other entities to impose less favorable terms, including an acceleration of amounts due, in the event of material adverse changes in our financial condition.
Union disputes, employee strikes and other labor-related disruptions may adversely affect our operations.
Relations between air carriers and labor unions in the United States are governed by the Railway Labor Act (the “RLA”). Under the RLA, collective bargaining agreements generally contain “amendable dates” rather than expiration dates, and the RLA requires that a carrier maintain the existing terms and conditions of employment following the amendable date through a multi-stage and usually lengthy series of bargaining processes overseen by the National Mediation Board. These processes do not apply to our current and ongoing negotiations for post-merger integrated labor agreements, and this means unions may not lawfully engage in concerted refusals to work, such as strikes, slow-downs, sick-outs or other similar activity. Nonetheless, after more than three years of negotiations without a resolution to the bargaining issues that arose from the merger, there is a risk that disgruntled employees, either with or without union involvement, could engage in one or more concerted refusals to work that could individually or collectively harm the operation of the airline and impair its financial performance. Likewise, employees represented by unions that have reached post-merger integrated agreements could engage in improper actions that disrupt our operations.
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If we incur problems with any of our third party service providers, our operations could be adversely affected by a resulting decline in revenue or negative public perception about our services.
Our reliance upon others to provide essential services on behalf of our operations may result in the relative inability to control the efficiency and timeliness of contract services. We have entered into agreements with contractors to provide various facilities and services required for our operations, including Express flight operations, aircraft maintenance, ground services and facilities, reservations and baggage handling. Similar agreements may be entered into in any new markets we decide to serve. These agreements are generally subject to termination after notice by the third party service provider. We are also at risk should one of these service providers cease operations, and there is no guarantee that we could replace these providers on a timely basis with comparably priced providers. Recent volatility in fuel prices, disruptions to capital markets and the current economic downturn in general have subjected certain of these third party service providers to strong financial pressures. Any material problems with the efficiency and timeliness of contract services, resulting from financial hardships or otherwise, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business is dependent on the price and availability of aircraft fuel. Continued periods of high volatility in fuel costs, increased fuel prices and significant disruptions in the supply of aircraft fuel could have a significant negative impact on our operating results and liquidity.
Our operating results are significantly impacted by changes in the availability, price volatility and the cost of aircraft fuel, which represents the largest single cost item in our business. Fuel prices have fluctuated substantially over the past several years and sharply in the last year.
Because of the amount of fuel needed to operate the airline, even a relatively small increase in the price of fuel can have a significant adverse aggregate effect on our costs. Due to the competitive nature of the airline industry and unpredictability of the market, we can offer no assurance that we may be able to increase our fares or otherwise increase revenues sufficiently to offset fuel prices.
Although we are currently able to obtain adequate supplies of aircraft fuel, we cannot predict the future availability, price volatility or cost of aircraft fuel. Natural disasters, political disruptions or wars involving oil-producing countries, changes in fuel-related governmental policy, changes in aircraft fuel production capacity, environmental concerns and other unpredictable events may result in fuel supply shortages and additional fuel price volatility and cost increases in the future.
From time to time we enter into hedging arrangements to protect against rising fuel costs. Our ability to hedge in the future, however, may be limited, particularly if the financial condition of the airline worsens. Also, our fuel hedging arrangements do not completely protect us against price increases and are limited in both volume of fuel and duration. Finally, a rapid decline in the price of fuel can adversely impact our short-term liquidity as our hedge counterparties require that we post collateral in the form of cash or letters of credit when the projected future market price of fuel drops below the strike price on existing hedging arrangements. See also the discussion in Part I, Item 3. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”
We rely heavily on automated systems to operate our business and any failure or disruption of these systems could harm our business.
To operate our business, we depend on automated systems, including our computerized airline reservation systems, our flight operations systems, our telecommunication systems, our airport customer self-service kiosks and our websites. Our website and reservation systems must be able to accommodate a high volume of traffic and deliver important flight information on a timely and reliable basis. Substantial or repeated disruptions or failures of any of these automated systems could impair our operations, reduce the attractiveness of our services and could result in lost revenues and increased costs. In addition, these automated systems require periodic maintenance, upgrades and replacements, and our business may be harmed if we fail to properly maintain, upgrade or replace such systems.
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The integration of our business units following the merger continues to present significant challenges.
We continue to face significant challenges relating to our merger in consolidating functions and integrating diverse organizations, information technology systems, processes, procedures, operations and training and maintenance programs, in a timely and efficient manner. This integration has been and will continue to be costly, complex and time consuming. Failure to successfully complete the integration may adversely affect our business and results from operations.
Changes to our business model that are designed to increase revenues may not be successful and may cause operational difficulties or decreased demand.
We have implemented several new measures designed to increase revenue and offset costs. These measures include charging separately for services that had previously been included within the price of a ticket and increasing other pre-existing fees. We may introduce additional initiatives in the future. The implementation of these initiatives creates logistical challenges that could harm the operational performance of the airline. Also, the new and increased fees might reduce the demand for air travel on our airline or across the industry in general, particularly as weakening economic conditions make our customers more sensitive to increased travel costs.
The airline industry is intensely competitive and dynamic.
Our competitors include other major domestic airlines as well as foreign, regional and new entrant airlines, some of which have more financial resources or lower cost structures than ours, and other forms of transportation, including rail and private automobiles. In many of our markets we compete with at least one low cost air carrier. Our revenues are sensitive to numerous factors, and the actions of other carriers in the areas of pricing, scheduling and promotions can have a substantial adverse impact on overall industry revenues. These factors may become even more significant in periods when the industry experiences large losses, as airlines under financial stress, or in bankruptcy, may institute pricing structures intended to achieve near-term survival rather than long-term viability. In addition, because a significant portion of our traffic is short-haul travel, we are more susceptible than other major airlines to competition from surface transportation such as automobiles and trains.
Low cost carriers have a profound impact on industry revenues. Using the advantage of low unit costs, these carriers offer lower fares, particularly those targeted at business passengers, in order to shift demand from larger, more-established airlines. Some low cost carriers, which have cost structures lower than ours, have better financial performance and significant numbers of aircraft on order for delivery in the next few years. These low-cost carriers are expected to continue to increase their market share through growth and could continue to have an impact on the overall performance of US Airways Group.
Industry consolidation could weaken our competitive position.
If mergers or other forms of industry consolidation including antitrust immunity grants take place, we might or might not be included as a participant. Depending on which carriers combine and which assets, if any, are sold or otherwise transferred to other carriers in connection with such combinations, our competitive position relative to the post-combination carriers or other carriers that obtain assets could be harmed. In addition, as carriers combine through traditional mergers or antitrust immunity grants, their route networks might grow and result in greater overlap with our network, which in turn could result in lower overall market share and revenues for us. Such consolidation is not limited to the U.S., but could include further consolidation among international carriers in Europe and elsewhere.
The loss of key personnel upon whom we depend to operate our business or the inability to attract additional qualified personnel could adversely affect the results of our operations or our financial performance.
We believe that our future success will depend in large part on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified management, technical and other personnel, particularly in light of reductions in headcount associated with cost-saving measures implemented during 2008. We may not be successful in retaining key personnel or in attracting and retaining other highly qualified personnel. Any inability to retain or attract significant numbers of qualified management and other personnel could adversely affect our business.
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The travel industry continues to face ongoing security concerns.
The attacks of September 11, 2001 and continuing terrorist threats materially impacted and continue to impact air travel. The Aviation and Transportation Security Act mandates improved flight deck security; deployment of federal air marshals on board flights; improved airport perimeter access security; airline crew security training; enhanced security screening of passengers, baggage, cargo, mail, employees and vendors; enhanced training and qualifications of security screening personnel; additional provision of passenger data to U.S. Customs and enhanced background checks. These increased security procedures introduced at airports since the attacks and other such measures as may be introduced in the future generate higher operating costs for airlines. A concurrent increase in airport security charges and procedures, such as restrictions on carry-on baggage, has also had and may continue to have a disproportionate impact on short-haul travel, which constitutes a significant portion of our flying and revenue. We would also be materially impacted in the event of further terrorist attacks or perceived terrorist threats.
Changes in government regulation could increase our operating costs and limit our ability to conduct our business.
Airlines are subject to extensive regulatory requirements. In the last several years, Congress has passed laws, and the DOT, the Federal Aviation Administration (“FAA”), the Transportation Security Administration (“TSA”) and the Department of Homeland Security have issued a number of directives and other regulations. These requirements impose substantial costs on airlines. On October 10, 2008, the FAA finalized new rules governing flight operations at the three major New York airports. These rules did not take effect because of a legal challenge, but the FAA has pushed forward with a reduction in the number of flights per hour at LaGuardia. The FAA attempted to work with carriers on a voluntary basis to implement its new lower operations cap at LaGuardia. If this is not successful, the FAA may resort to other methods to reduce congestion in New York. Additionally, the DOT recently finalized a policy change that will permit airports to charge differentiated landing fees during congested periods, which could impact our ability to serve certain markets in the future. The new rule is being challenged in court by the industry. The Obama Administration has not yet indicated how it intends to move forward on the issue of congestion management in the New York region.
Additional laws, regulations, taxes and policies have been proposed or discussed from time to time, including recently introduced federal legislation on a “passenger bill of rights,” that, if adopted, could significantly increase the cost of airline operations or reduce revenues. The state of New York’s attempt to adopt such a measure has been successfully challenged by the airline industry. Other states, however, are contemplating similar legislation. The DOT also has a rulemaking pending and recently completed a stakeholder task force working on various initiatives that could lead to additional expansion of airline obligations in the customer service area and increase our costs.
Finally, the ability of U.S. carriers to operate international routes is subject to change because the applicable arrangements between the U.S. and foreign governments may be amended from time to time, or because appropriate slots or facilities may not be available. We cannot assure you that laws or regulations enacted in the future will not adversely affect our operating costs. In addition, increased environmental regulation may increase costs or restrict our operations. The EU has been particularly aggressive in this area.
The inability to maintain labor costs at competitive levels could harm our financial performance.
Our business plan includes assumptions about labor costs going forward. Currently, our labor costs are very competitive. However, we cannot assure you that labor costs going forward will remain competitive, because some of our agreements are amendable now and others may become amendable, because competitors may significantly reduce their labor costs or because we may agree to higher-cost provisions in our current labor negotiations. Approximately 87% of the employees within US Airways Group are represented for collective bargaining purposes by labor unions, including unionized groups of our employees abroad.
Some of our unions have brought and may continue to bring grievances to binding arbitration. Unions may also bring court actions and may seek to compel us to engage in the bargaining processes where we believe we have no such obligation. If successful, there is a risk these judicial or arbitral avenues could create additional costs that we did not anticipate.
Our ability to operate and grow our route network in the future is dependent on the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure throughout our system.
In order to operate our existing flight schedule and, where appropriate, add service along new or existing routes, we must be able to obtain adequate gates, ticketing facilities, operations areas, slots (where applicable) and office space. For example, at our largest hub airport, we are seeking to increase international service despite challenging airport space constraints. The nation’s aging air traffic control infrastructure presents challenges as well. The ability of the air traffic control system to handle traffic in high-density areas where we have a large concentration of flights is critical to our ability to operate our existing schedule. Also, as airports around the world become more congested, we cannot always be sure that our plans for new service can be implemented in a commercially viable manner given operating constraints at airports throughout our network.
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We are subject to many forms of environmental regulation and may incur substantial costs as a result.
We are subject to increasingly stringent federal, state, local and foreign laws, regulations and ordinances relating to the protection of the environment, including those relating to emissions to the air, discharges to surface and subsurface waters, safe drinking water, and the management of hazardous substances, oils and waste materials. Compliance with all environmental laws and regulations can require significant expenditures.
Several U.S. airport authorities are actively engaged in efforts to limit discharges of de-icing fluid (glycol) to local groundwater, often by requiring airlines to participate in the building or reconfiguring of airport de-icing facilities. Such efforts are likely to impose additional costs and restrictions on airlines using those airports. We do not believe, however, that such environmental developments will have a material impact on our capital expenditures or otherwise adversely affect our operations, operating costs or competitive position.
We are also subject to other environmental laws and regulations, including those that require us to remediate soil or groundwater to meet certain objectives. Under federal law, generators of waste materials, and owners or operators of facilities, can be subject to liability for investigation and remediation costs at locations that have been identified as requiring response actions. We have liability for such costs at various sites, although the future costs associated with the remediation efforts are currently not expected to have a material adverse affect on our business.
We have various leases and agreements with respect to real property, tanks and pipelines with airports and other operators. Under these leases and agreements, we have agreed to standard language indemnifying the lessor or operator against environmental liabilities associated with the real property or operations described under the agreement, even if we are not the party responsible for the initial event that caused the environmental damage. We also participate in leases with other airlines in fuel consortiums and fuel committees at airports, where such indemnities are generally joint and several among the participating airlines.
Recently, climate change issues and greenhouse gas emissions (including carbon) have attracted international and domestic regulatory interest that may result in the imposition of additional regulation on airlines. Any such regulatory activity in the future may adversely affect our business and financial results.
California is in the process of implementing environmental provisions aimed at limiting emissions from off-road diesel-powered vehicles, which may include some airline belt loaders and tugs and require a change of ground service vehicles. The future costs associated with replacing some or all of our ground fleets in California cities are currently not expected to have a material adverse affect on our business.
Governmental authorities in several U.S. and foreign cities are also considering or have already implemented aircraft noise reduction programs, including the imposition of nighttime curfews and limitations on daytime take-offs and landings. We have been able to accommodate local noise restrictions imposed to date, but our operations could be adversely affected if locally-imposed regulations become more restrictive or widespread.
Ongoing data security compliance requirements could increase our costs, and any significant data breach could harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Our business requires the appropriate and secure utilization of customer and other sensitive information. We cannot be certain that advances in criminal capabilities, discovery of new vulnerabilities, attempts to exploit existing vulnerabilities in our systems, data thefts, physical system or network break-ins or inappropriate access, or other developments will not compromise or breach the technology protecting the networks that access and store database information. Furthermore, there has been heightened legislative and regulatory focus on data security in the U.S. and abroad (particularly in the EU), including requirements for varying levels of customer notification in the event of a data breach.
Many of our commercial partners, including credit card companies, have imposed certain data security standards that we must meet. In particular, we were required by the Payment Card Industry Security Standards Council, founded by the credit card companies, to comply with their highest level of data security standards. While we currently meet these standards, new and revised standards may be imposed that may be difficult for us to meet.
In addition to the Payment Card Industry Standards discussed above, failure to comply with the other privacy and data use and security requirements of our partners or related laws and regulations to which we are subject may expose us to fines, sanctions or other penalties, which could materially and adversely affect our results of operations and overall business. In addition, failure to address appropriately these issues could also give rise to additional legal risks, which, in turn, could increase the size and number of litigation claims and damages asserted or subject us to enforcement actions, fines and penalties and cause us to incur further related costs and expenses.
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Interruptions or disruptions in service at one of our hub airports could have a material adverse impact on our operations.
We operate principally through primary hubs in Charlotte, Philadelphia and Phoenix and secondary hubs/focus cities in New York, Washington, D.C., Boston and Las Vegas. A majority of our flights either originate in or fly into one of these locations. A significant interruption or disruption in service at one of our hubs could result in the cancellation or delay of a significant portion of our flights and, as a result, could have a severe impact on our business, operations and financial performance.
We are at risk of losses and adverse publicity stemming from any accident involving any of our aircraft.
If one of our aircraft were to be involved in an accident, we could be exposed to significant tort liability. The insurance we carry to cover damages arising from any future accidents may be inadequate. In the event that our insurance is not adequate, we may be forced to bear substantial losses from an accident. In addition, any accident involving an aircraft that we operate could create a public perception that our aircraft are not safe or reliable, which could harm our reputation, result in air travelers being reluctant to fly on our aircraft and adversely impact our financial condition and operations.
Delays in scheduled aircraft deliveries or other loss of anticipated fleet capacity may adversely impact our operations and financial results.
The success of our business depends on, among other things, the ability to operate a certain number and type of aircraft. In many cases, the aircraft we intend to operate are not yet in our fleet, but we have contractual commitments to purchase or lease them. If for any reason we were unable to secure deliveries of new aircraft on contractually scheduled delivery dates, this could have a negative impact on our business, operations and financial performance. Our failure to integrate newly purchased aircraft into our fleet as planned might require us to seek extensions of the terms for some leased aircraft. Such unanticipated extensions may require us to operate existing aircraft beyond the point at which it is economically optimal to retire them, resulting in increased maintenance costs. If new aircraft orders are not filled on a timely basis, we could face higher monthly rental rates.
Our business is subject to weather factors and seasonal variations in airline travel, which cause our results to fluctuate.
Our operations are vulnerable to severe weather conditions in parts of our network that could disrupt service, create air traffic control problems, decrease revenue and increase costs, such as during hurricane season in the Caribbean and Southeast United States, snow and severe winters in the Northeast United States and thunderstorms in the Eastern United States. In addition, the air travel business historically fluctuates on a seasonal basis. Due to the greater demand for air and leisure travel during the summer months, revenues in the airline industry in the second and third quarters of the year tend to be greater than revenues in the first and fourth quarters of the year. Our results of operations will likely reflect weather factors and seasonality, and therefore quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of those for an entire year, and our prior results are not necessarily indicative of our future results.
Increases in insurance costs or reductions in insurance coverage may adversely impact our operations and financial results.
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 led to a significant increase in insurance premiums and a decrease in the insurance coverage available to commercial air carriers. Accordingly, our insurance costs increased significantly and our ability to continue to obtain insurance even at current prices remains uncertain. In addition, we have obtained third party war risk (terrorism) insurance through a special program administered by the FAA, resulting in lower premiums than if we had obtained this insurance in the commercial insurance market. The program has been extended, with the same conditions and premiums, until August 31, 2009. If the federal insurance program terminates, we would likely face a material increase in the cost of war risk insurance. The failure of one or more of our insurers could result in a lack of coverage for a period of time. Additionally, severe disruptions in the domestic and global financial markets could adversely impact the ratings and survival of some insurers. Future downgrades in the ratings of enough insurers could adversely impact both the availability of appropriate insurance coverage and its cost. Because of competitive pressures in our industry, our ability to pass additional insurance costs to passengers is limited. As a result, further increases in insurance costs or reductions in available insurance coverage could have an adverse impact on our financial results.
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We may be adversely affected by global events that affect travel behavior.
Our revenue and results of operations may be adversely affected by global events beyond our control. Acts of terrorism, wars or other military conflicts, including the war in Iraq, may depress air travel, particularly on international routes. An outbreak of a contagious disease such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (“SARS”), avian flu, or any other influenza-type illness, if it were to persist for an extended period, could again materially affect the airline industry and us by reducing revenues and impacting travel behavior.
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations.
As we expand our international operations, we will have significant operating revenues and expenses, as well as assets and liabilities, denominated in foreign currencies. Fluctuations in foreign currencies can significantly affect our operating performance and the value of our assets and liabilities located outside of the United States.
The use of US Airways Group’s pre-merger NOLs and certain other tax attributes could be limited in the future.
From the time of the merger until the first half of 2007, a significant portion of US Airways Group’s common stock was beneficially owned by a small number of equity investors. Since the merger, some of the equity investors have sold portions of their holdings and other investors have purchased US Airways Group stock, and, as a result, we believe an “ownership change” as defined in Internal Revenue Code Section 382 occurred for US Airways Group in February 2007. When a company undergoes such an ownership change, Section 382 limits the future ability to utilize any net operating losses, or NOL, generated before the ownership change and certain subsequently recognized “built-in” losses and deductions, if any, existing as of the date of the ownership change. A company’s ability to utilize new NOL arising after the ownership change is not affected. Until US Airways Group has used all of its existing NOL, future significant shifts in ownership of US Airways Group’s common stock could result in a new Section 382 limit on our NOL as of the date of an additional ownership change.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock
Our common stock has limited trading history and its market price may be volatile.
Our common stock began trading on the NYSE on September 27, 2005 upon the effectiveness of our merger. The market price of our common stock may fluctuate substantially due to a variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:
| • | | our operating results failing to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors; |
| • | | changes in financial estimates or recommendations by securities analysts; |
| • | | material announcements by us or our competitors; |
| • | | movements in fuel prices; |
| • | | new regulatory pronouncements and changes in regulatory guidelines; |
| • | | general and industry-specific economic conditions; |
| • | | public sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock; and |
| • | | general market conditions. |
Conversion of our convertible notes will dilute the ownership interest of existing stockholders and could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
The conversion of some or all of US Airways Group’s 7% senior convertible notes due 2020 will dilute the ownership interests of existing shareholders. Any sales in the public market of the common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock. In addition, the existence of the notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of the notes could depress the price of our common stock.
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Certain provisions of the amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws of US Airways Group make it difficult for stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors and may discourage takeover attempts that some of our stockholders might consider beneficial.
Certain provisions of the amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws of US Airways Group may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control if our board of directors determines that such changes in control are not in the best interests of US Airways Group and its stockholders. These provisions include, among other things, the following:
| • | | a classified board of directors with three-year staggered terms; |
| • | | advance notice procedures for stockholder proposals to be considered at stockholders’ meetings; |
| • | | the ability of US Airways Group’s board of directors to fill vacancies on the board; |
| • | | a prohibition against stockholders taking action by written consent; |
| • | | a prohibition against stockholders calling special meetings of stockholders; |
| • | | a requirement that holders of at least 80% of the voting power of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors approve amendment of the amended and restated bylaws; and |
| • | | super-majority voting requirements to modify or amend specified provisions of US Airways Group’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation. |
These provisions are not intended to prevent a takeover, but are intended to protect and maximize the value of US Airways Group’s stockholders’ interests. While these provisions have the effect of encouraging persons seeking to acquire control of our company to negotiate with our board of directors, they could enable our board of directors to prevent a transaction that some, or a majority, of our stockholders might believe to be in their best interests and, in that case, may prevent or discourage attempts to remove and replace incumbent directors. In addition, US Airways Group is subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits business combinations with interested stockholders. Interested stockholders do not include stockholders, such as our equity investors at the time of the merger, whose acquisition of US Airways Group’s securities is approved by the board of directors prior to the investment under Section 203.
Our charter documents include provisions limiting voting and ownership by foreign owners.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that shares of capital stock may not be voted by or at the direction of persons who are not citizens of the United States if the number of shares held by such persons would exceed 24.9% of the voting stock of our company. In addition, any attempt to transfer equity securities to a non-U.S. citizen in excess of 49.9% of our outstanding equity securities will be void and of no effect.
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Item 6. Exhibits
| | | | |
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| 10.1 | | | Amendment No. 3 dated as of January 16, 2009 to the Amended and Restated Airbus A320 Family Aircraft Purchase Agreement dated as of October 2, 2007 between US Airways, Inc. and Airbus S.A.S.* |
| | | | |
| 10.2 | | | Amendment No. 3 dated as of January 16, 2009 to the Airbus A330 Purchase Agreement dated as of October 2, 2007 between US Airways, Inc. and Airbus S.A.S.* |
| | | | |
| 10.3 | | | Amendment No. 2 dated as of January 16, 2009 to the Amended and Restated Airbus A350 XWB Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2007, among AVSA, S.A.R.L. and US Airways, Inc., AWA and US Airways Group.* |
| | | | |
| 10.4 | | | Amendment No. 7 dated as of January 14, 2009 to Amended and Restated Embraer Aircraft Purchase Agreement dated as of June 13, 2006 between US Airways Group and Embraer — Empresa Brasileira de Aeronautica S.A.* |
| | | | |
| 10.5 | | | Amendment No. 7 to America West Co-Branded Credit Card Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2009, between US Airways Group and Barclays Bank Delaware.* |
| | | | |
| 10.6 | | | Amendment No. 2 to Loan Agreement [Spare Parts], dated as of January 15, 2009, among US Airways, Inc., GECC, as administrative agent, collateral agent and original lender, and the lenders from time to time party thereto.* |
| | | | |
| 10.7 | | | Amendment No. 3 to Loan Agreement [Spare Parts], dated as of March 31, 2009, among US Airways, Inc., GECC, as administrative agent, collateral agent and original lender, and the lenders from time to time party thereto.* |
| | | | |
| 10.8 | | | Form of Stock Appreciation Right (Cash-Settled) Award Agreement under the US Airways Group, Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan.† |
| | | | |
| 10.9 | | | Form of Stock Appreciation Right (Stock-Settled) Award Agreement under the US Airways Group, Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan.† |
| | | | |
| 31.1 | | | Certification of US Airways Group’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 31.2 | | | Certification of US Airways Group’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 31.3 | | | Certification of US Airways’ Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 31.4 | | | Certification of US Airways’ Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 32.1 | | | Certification of US Airways Group’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | | | |
| 32.2 | | | Certification of US Airways’ Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
* | | Portions of this exhibit have been omitted under a request for confidential treatment and filed separately with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. |
|
† | | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
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Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | | | |
| US Airways Group, Inc. (Registrant) | |
Date: April 22, 2009 | By: | /s/ Derek J. Kerr | |
| | Derek J. Kerr | |
| | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
|
| US Airways, Inc. (Registrant) | |
Date: April 22, 2009 | By: | /s/ Derek J. Kerr | |
| | Derek J. Kerr | |
| | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |
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Exhibit Index
| | | | |
Exhibit No. | | Description |
| 10.1 | | | Amendment No. 3 dated as of January 16, 2009 to the Amended and Restated Airbus A320 Family Aircraft Purchase Agreement dated as of October 2, 2007 between US Airways, Inc. and Airbus S.A.S.* |
| | | | |
| 10.2 | | | Amendment No. 3 dated as of January 16, 2009 to the Airbus A330 Purchase Agreement dated as of October 2, 2007 between US Airways, Inc. and Airbus S.A.S.* |
| | | | |
| 10.3 | | | Amendment No. 2 dated as of January 16, 2009 to the Amended and Restated Airbus A350 XWB Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2007, among AVSA, S.A.R.L. and US Airways, Inc., AWA and US Airways Group.* |
| | | | |
| 10.4 | | | Amendment No. 7 dated as of January 14, 2009 to Amended and Restated Embraer Aircraft Purchase Agreement dated as of June 13, 2006 between US Airways Group and Embraer — Empresa Brasileira de Aeronautica S.A.* |
| | | | |
| 10.5 | | | Amendment No. 7 to America West Co-Branded Credit Card Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2009, between US Airways Group and Barclays Bank Delaware.* |
| | | | |
| 10.6 | | | Amendment No. 2 to Loan Agreement [Spare Parts], dated as of January 15, 2009, among US Airways, Inc., GECC, as administrative agent, collateral agent and original lender, and the lenders from time to time party thereto.* |
| | | | |
| 10.7 | | | Amendment No. 3 to Loan Agreement [Spare Parts], dated as of March 31, 2009, among US Airways, Inc., GECC, as administrative agent, collateral agent and original lender, and the lenders from time to time party thereto.* |
| | | | |
| 10.8 | | | Form of Stock Appreciation Right (Cash-Settled) Award Agreement under the US Airways Group, Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan.† |
| | | | |
| 10.9 | | | Form of Stock Appreciation Right (Stock-Settled) Award Agreement under the US Airways Group, Inc. 2008 Equity Incentive Plan.† |
| | | | |
| 31.1 | | | Certification of US Airways Group’s Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 31.2 | | | Certification of US Airways Group’s Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 31.3 | | | Certification of US Airways’ Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 31.4 | | | Certification of US Airways’ Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. |
| | | | |
| 32.1 | | | Certification of US Airways Group’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | | | |
| 32.2 | | | Certification of US Airways’ Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
| | |
* | | Portions of this exhibit have been omitted under a request for confidential treatment and filed separately with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. |
|
† | | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
60