Debt Disclosure [Text Block] | CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES Convertible Debenture due January 2015 In January 2013, the Company received aggregate gross proceeds of $1,765,000 from the issuance of 8% convertible debentures due January 25, 2015 ( “ ” ’ “ ” ’ The Company determined, based upon authoritative guidance, that the conversion feature embedded within the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 should be valued separately and bifurcated from the host instrument and accounted for as a free-standing derivative liability and that the Convertible Debenture Warrant should also be valued and accounted for separately as an equity instrument. The Company determined the fair value of each of the three elements included within the Convertible Debenture due January 2015. The debenture portion (without the conversion feature) bearing interest at 8% was determined to be a debt instrument with a fair value of $1,490,000. The embedded conversion feature was determined to be a derivative liability with a fair value of $1,180,000. The Convertible Debenture Warrant was determined to be an equity instrument with a fair value of $370,000. The Company determined the fair value of each of these instruments based upon the assumptions and methodologies as discussed below. Since the Convertible Debenture Warrant was determined to be an equity instrument, the Company first computed the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 (including the value of its conversion feature) with a fair value of $2,670,000 and the Convertible Debenture Warrant with a fair value of $370,000. Accordingly, the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture Warrant and the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 (including the value of its conversion feature) was determined to be $214,819 and $1,550,181, respectively. Then, from the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015, the Company deducted in full the fair value of the embedded conversion feature of $1,180,000. The discount of $1,394,819 applied to the face value of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 consists of the sum of the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture Warrant of $214,819 and the full value of the bifurcated conversion option derivative liability of $1,180,000. The Convertible Debenture due January 2015 was recorded at a net value of $370,181, representing its face value of $1,765,000, less aggregate discounts for the derivative liability and warrant of $1,394,819, as summarized in the table below. Face value of Convertible Debenture due January 2015 $ 1,765,000 Fair value of embedded conversion feature $ 1,180,000 Relative fair value of Convertible Debenture Warrant 214,819 Discount $ 1,394,819 (1,394,819) Proceeds attributable to the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 $ 370,181 Accordingly, the Company accounted for the full amount of the discount as an offset to the Convertible Debenture due January 2015, amortizable under the effective interest method over the term of the debenture. The Company calculated the fair value of the embedded conversion feature of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 using a Monte Carlo simulation, with the observable assumptions as provided in the table below. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the reporting entity ’ As of January 25, 2013 Stock price on valuation date $ 5.25 Conversion price $ 3.75 Stock premium for liquidity 57% Term (years) 2.00 Expected volatility 110% Weighted average risk-free interest rate 0.3% Trials 100,000 Aggregate fair value $ 1,180,000 The Company calculated the fair value of the Convertible Debenture Warrant issued on January 25, 2013 using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: As of January 25, 2013 Stock price on valuation date $ 5.25 Exercise price $ 7.50 Stock premium for liquidity 38% Term (years) 3.00 Warrant exercise trigger price 41% Expected volatility 95% Weighted average risk-free interest rate 0.4% Number of warrants 5,882,745 Aggregate fair value $ 370,000 The Company determined the fair value of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 by preparing an analysis of discounted cash flows, using a discount rate of 18.6%, which the Company deemed appropriate given the Company ’ In connection with the Convertible Debenture due January 2015, the Company provided compensation to the placement agent consisting of a cash fee of $41,400 and a warrant for the purchase of 11,041 shares of the Company ’ “ ” The sum of the issuance costs was $83,760, and this cost was allocated as provided below: Attributable to: Accounting Treatment Amount The embedded conversion feature (derivative) Expensed as incurred $ 55,999 The 8% Convertible Debenture Warrant Charged to additional paid-in capital 10,194 The 8% Convertible Debenture Recorded as deferred issuance costs and amortized under the interest method over the term of the 8% Convertible Debenture 17,567 Total $ 83,760 In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015, on April 24, 2013, the Company prepared and filed a registration statement registering for resale the shares of its common stock which may be issued upon the conversion of the debenture consistent with the terms and conditions of the registration rights agreement the Company entered into with the holders of the registrable shares listed above. The registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on June 19, 2013. The Company has agreed to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement through the earlier of three years from the date of the issuance of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 or until Rule 144 of the Securities Act is available to the holders to allow them to sell all of their registrable securities thereunder. The derivative liability related to the embedded conversion feature was revalued at each reporting period as well as on the date of all conversions, as discussed, below. As of October 31, 2013, the Company determined the fair value of the derivative liability to be $540,000, and accordingly, during the year ended October 31, 2013, the Company recorded a gain on the change in the fair value of the derivative liability of approximately $475,000. As of October 31, 2014, the Company determined the fair value of the derivative liability to be $-0-, as the full value of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 was converted and/or repaid in full during the year ended October 31, 2014 and accordingly, during the year ended October 31, 2014, the Company recorded a loss on the change in the fair value of the derivative of approximately $1,131,000. As of October 31, 2013, the Company calculated the fair value of the embedded conversion feature of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 using a Monte Carlo simulation, with the observable assumptions as provided in the table below. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the reporting entity ’ As of October 31, 2013 Stock price on valuation date $ 4.875 Conversion price $ 3.75 Stock premium for liquidity 42% Term (years) 1.25 Expected volatility 115% Weighted average risk-free interest rate 0.3% Trials 100,000 Aggregate fair value $ 540,000 The fair value of the derivative liability associated with the conversions and repayments of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 was approximately $1,671,000 immediately prior to the conversions and repayments. As of April 30, 2014, the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 was extinguished in full. However, the Company needed to determine the fair value of the derivative liability for the embedded conversion feature immediately prior to the conversion, in order to determine the change in the fair value of the derivative for the period. The Company determined to measure the derivative immediately prior to the conversion at its intrinsic value, since this method most fairly measured the value of the derivative liability. The intrinsic value computation is provided below. As of April 30, 2014 Stock price used for valuation $ 8.50 266.68 shares issued per $1,000 face value Aggregate intrinsic value of the $1,150,000 of principal outstanding on April 30, 2014, immediately prior to conversion and repayment $ 1,456,797 The amortization of debt discount related to the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 was approximately $-0- and $233,000, for the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. During the year ended October 31, 2013, holders of $325,000 and $5,878 of principal and interest, respectively, of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015, converted their holdings into an aggregate of 86,671 and 805 shares of Common Stock. During the year ended October 31, 2014, holders of $1,240,000 and $9,000 of principal and interest, respectively, of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015, converted their holdings into an aggregate of 330,683 and 1,185 shares of common stock and holders of $200,000 of principal of the Convertible Debenture due January 2015 consented to prepayment (without conversion) of obligations to them under the instrument ’ The loss on extinguishment of debt was calculated as follows: Year Ended October 31, 2014 Face value of debt converted $ 1,440,000 Less: discount (658,232) Plus: fair value of derivative liability 1,670,704 Net book value of debt converted $ 2,452,472 Fair value of common stock issued 2,935,387 Loss on extinguishment of debt $ (482,915) Convertible Debenture due November 2016 In November 2013, the Company received aggregate gross proceeds of $3,500,000 from the issuance of 6% convertible debentures due November 11, 2016 ( “ ” “ ” ’ The Company determined, based upon authoritative guidance, that the conversion feature embedded within the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 should be valued separately and bifurcated from the host instrument and accounted for as a free-standing derivative liability and that the Convertible Debenture Warrant should also be valued and accounted for separately as an equity instrument. The Company determined the fair value of each of the three elements included within the Convertible Debenture due November 2016. The debenture portion (without the conversion feature) bearing interest at 6% was determined to be a debt instrument with a fair value of $2,710,000. The embedded conversion feature was determined to be a derivative liability with a fair value of $1,570,000. The Convertible Debenture Warrant was determined to be an equity instrument with a fair value of $740,000. The Company determined the fair value of each of these instruments based upon the assumptions and methodologies as discussed below. Since the Convertible Debenture Warrant was determined to be an equity instrument, the Company first computed the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 (including the value of its conversion feature) with a fair value of $4,280,000 and the Convertible Debenture Warrant with a fair value of $740,000. Accordingly, the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture Warrant and the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 (including the value of its conversion feature) was determined to be $515,936 and $2,984,064, respectively. Then, from the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016, the Company deducted in full the fair value of the embedded conversion feature of $1,570,000. The discount of $2,085,936 applied to the face value of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 consists of the sum of the relative fair value of the Convertible Debenture Warrant of $515,936 and the full value of the bifurcated conversion option derivative liability of $1,570,000. The Convertible Debenture due November 2016 was recorded at a net value of $1,414,064, representing its face value of $3,500,000, less aggregate discounts for the derivative liability and warrant of $2,085,936, as summarized in the table below. Face value of Convertible Debenture due November 2016 $ 3,500,000 Fair value of embedded conversion feature $ 1,570,000 Relative fair value of Convertible Debenture Warrant 515,936 Discount $ 2,085,936 (2,085,936) Proceeds attributable to the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 $ 1,414,064 Accordingly, the Company accounted for the full amount of the discount as an offset to the Convertible Debenture due November 2016, amortizable under the effective interest method over the term of the debenture. The Company calculated the fair value of the embedded conversion feature of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 using a Monte Carlo simulation, with the observable assumptions as provided in the table below. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the reporting entity ’ As of November 11, 2013 Stock price on valuation date $ 5.00 Conversion price $ 4.725 Discount for lack of marketability 35.5% Term (years) 3.00 Expected volatility 102.8% Weighted average risk-free interest rate 0.62% Trials 100,000 Aggregate fair value $ 1,570,000 The Company calculated the fair value of the Convertible Debenture Warrant issued on November 11, 2013 using a Black Scholes Model, with the observable assumptions as provided in the table below. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the reporting entity ’ As of November 11, 2013 Stock price on valuation date $ 5.00 Exercise price $ 9.45 Discount for lack of marketability 22% Term (years) 3.00 Expected volatility 102.8% Weighted average risk-free interest rate 0.6% Number of warrants 369,979 Aggregate fair value $ 740,000 The Company determined the fair value of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 by preparing an analysis of discounted cash flows, using a discount rate of 16.0%, which the Company deemed appropriate given the Company ’ In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016, the Company incurred legal costs which were allocated as provided below: Attributable to: Accounting Treatment Amount The embedded conversion feature (derivative) Expensed as incurred $ 8,593 The 8% Convertible Debenture Warrant Charged to additional paid-in capital 2,824 The 8% Convertible Debenture Recorded as deferred issuance costs and amortized under the interest method over the term of the 8% Convertible Debenture 7,739 Total $ 19,156 In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016, on February 7, 2014, the Company prepared and filed a registration statement registering for resale the shares of its common stock which may be issued upon the conversion of the debenture and exercise of the warrant consistent with the terms and conditions of the debenture agreement the Company entered into with the holders of the registrable shares listed above. The Company has agreed to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement through the earlier of three years from the date of the issuance of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 or until Rule 144 of the Securities Act is available to the holders to allow them to sell all of their registrable securities thereunder. On September 9, 2014, holders of $3,500,000 and approximately $173,000 of principal and interest, respectively, of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016, converted their holdings into an aggregate of 739,958 shares of common stock the ( “ ” Immediately after the conversion, the holders exchanged 639,158 shares of the Conversion Common Stock into 3,500 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock. Shortly thereafter, the Company retired and cancelled the 639,158 shares of common stock received in the exchange. In connection with this conversion, the Company recorded a loss on conversion/exchange of approximately $2,216,000, as summarized below. This loss represents the excess of the fair value of the common stock issued, net of the shares of common stock exchanged for the issuance of 3,500 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, plus the fair value of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, on the date of the conversion, over the net book value of the debt on the date of conversion. Since the conversion feature on the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 was determined to be a derivative liability, the net book value includes the value of the debt, net of debt discount and deferred issuance costs, plus accrued interest and the derivative liability related to the conversion feature (after being marked to market) on the conversion date, and the change in the fair value of the warrant on the date of the conversion. Because the conversion rate of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of $ 4.73 per share was less than the Company ’ beneficial conversion feature. The beneficial conversion feature was recorded in additional paid-in-capital as a result of the Company ’ . The loss on extinguishment of debt was determined as follows: Securities extinguished: Face value of convertible debenture converted $ 3,500,000 Less: debt discount (1,684,801) Less: deferred issuance costs (7,739) Plus: accrued interest 173,833 Plus: fair value of derivative liability 1,032,241 Plus: fair value of warrant exchanged in connection with the conversion 805,000 Net book value of converted debenture, accrued interest, derivative liability and warrant exchanged 3,818,534 Securities issued in conversion/exchange: Fair value of 100,800 shares of common stock issued, net (739,958 shares of Conversion Common Stock issued, less 639,158 shares exchanged for 3,500 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock) 617,400 Fair value of 3,500 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (based on a stated value per share of $1,000 and a conversion rate of $4.73) 4,532,241 Fair value of warrant issued September 9, 2014 885,000 Subtotal of securities issued in conversion/exchange 6,034,641 (Loss) on conversion/exchange $ (2,216,107) On September 9, 2014, the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 was extinguished in full. The Company needed to determine the fair value of the derivative liability for the embedded conversion feature immediately prior to the conversion, in order to determine the change in the fair value of the derivative for the period. The Company determined to measure the derivative immediately prior to the conversion at its intrinsic value, since this method most fairly measured the value of the derivative liability. The intrinsic value computation is provided below. On September 9, 2014 Stock price used for valuation $ 6.125 211.4 shares issued per $1,000 of face value Aggregate gross intrinsic value of the $3,500,000 of principal outstanding on September 8, 2014, immediately prior to conversion 4,532,241 Less the face value of the convertible debenture (3,500,000) Intrinsic value of the derivative conversion feature $ 1,032,241 The derivative liability related to the embedded conversion feature was revalued at each reporting period as well as on the date of all conversions. The value of the derivative liability associated with the conversion of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 during the year ended October 31, 2014 was approximately $1,032,000. As of October 31, 2014, the Company determined the fair value of the derivative liability to be $-0-, as the full value of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 was converted in full during the year ended October 31, 2014. During the year ended October 31, 2014, the Company recorded gains on the change in fair value of the derivative liability of approximately $538,000. The Company calculated the fair value of the embedded conversion feature of the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 using a Monte Carlo simulation. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the reporting entity ’ The amortization of debt discount related to the Convertible Debenture due November 2016 for the years ended October 31, 2015 and 2014 was approximately $-0- and $401,000, respectively. |