Loans | LOANS (In Thousands) Loan Categories and Past Due Loans The following table presents loan balances outstanding as of March 31, 2017 , December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 and an analysis of the recorded investment in loans that are past due at these dates. Generally, Arrow considers an amortizing loan past due 30 or more days when the borrower is two payments past due. Loans held-for-sale of $896 , $483 and $506 as of March 31, 2017 , December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 , respectively, are included in the residential real estate balances for current loans. Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total March 31, 2017 Loans Past Due 30-59 Days $ 189 $ — $ 3,882 $ 2,021 $ 6,092 Loans Past Due 60-89 Days 9 — 1,145 684 1,838 Loans Past Due 90 or more Days 120 — 335 835 1,290 Total Loans Past Due 318 — 5,362 3,540 9,220 Current Loans 118,524 435,316 546,601 701,144 1,801,585 Total Loans $ 118,842 $ 435,316 $ 551,963 $ 704,684 $ 1,810,805 Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Nonaccrual Loans 144 870 656 2,603 4,273 December 31, 2016 Loans Past Due 30-59 Days $ 112 $ 121 $ 5,593 $ 2,368 $ 8,194 Loans Past Due 60-89 Days 29 — 898 142 1,069 Loans Past Due 90 or more Days 148 — 513 1,975 2,636 Total Loans Past Due 289 121 7,004 4,485 11,899 Current Loans 104,866 431,525 530,357 674,621 1,741,369 Total Loans $ 105,155 $ 431,646 $ 537,361 $ 679,106 $ 1,753,268 Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest $ — $ — $ 158 $ 1,043 $ 1,201 Nonaccrual Loans $ 155 $ 875 $ 589 $ 2,574 4,193 March 31, 2016 Loans Past Due 30-59 Days $ 129 $ — $ 3,503 $ 1,825 $ 5,457 Loans Past Due 60-89 Days 6 — 517 29 552 Loans Past Due 90 or more Days 198 1,469 390 2,092 4,149 Total Loans Past Due 333 1,469 4,410 3,946 10,158 Current Loans 105,744 402,376 485,099 619,351 1,612,570 Total Loans $ 106,077 $ 403,845 $ 489,509 $ 623,297 $ 1,622,728 Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest $ 13 $ — $ 42 $ 497 $ 552 Nonaccrual Loans $ 214 $ 4,055 $ 505 $ 2,671 7,445 The Company disaggregates its loan portfolio into the following four categories: Commercial - The Company offers a variety of loan options to meet the specific needs of our commercial customers including term loans, time notes and lines of credit. Such loans are made available to businesses for working capital needs such as inventory and receivables, business expansion and equipment purchases. Generally, a collateral lien is placed on equipment or other assets owned by the borrower. These loans carry a higher risk than commercial real estate loans due to the nature of the underlying collateral, which can be business assets such as equipment and accounts receivable and generally have a lower liquidation value than real estate. In the event of default by the borrower, the Company may be required to liquidate collateral at deeply discounted values. To reduce the risk, management usually obtains personal guarantees of the borrowers. Commercial Real Estate - The Company offers commercial real estate loans to finance real estate purchases, refinancings, expansions and improvements to commercial properties. Commercial real estate loans are made to finance the purchases of real property which generally consists of real estate with completed structures. These commercial real estate loans are secured by first liens on the real estate, which may include apartments, commercial structures, housing businesses, healthcare facilities, and both owner- and non owner-occupied facilities. These loans are typically less risky than commercial loans, since they are secured by real estate and buildings, and are generally originated in amounts of no more than 80% of the appraised value of the property. However, the Company also offers commercial construction and land development loans to finance projects, primarily within the communities that we serve. Many projects will ultimately be used by the borrowers' businesses, while others are developed for resale. These real estate loans are also secured by first liens on the real estate, which may include apartments, commercial structures, housing business, healthcare facilities and both owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied facilities. There is enhanced risk during the construction period, since the loan is secured by an incomplete project. Consumer Loans - The Company offers a variety of consumer installment loans to finance personal expenditures. Most of these loans carry a fixed rate of interest with principal repayment terms typically ranging from one to five years, based upon the nature of the collateral and the size of the loan. In addition to installment loans, the Company also offers personal lines of credit and overdraft protection. Several loans are unsecured, which carry a higher risk of loss. Also included in this category are automobile loans. The Company primarily finances the purchases of automobiles indirectly through dealer relationships located throughout upstate New York and Vermont. Most of these loans carry a fixed rate of interest with principal repayment terms typically ranging from three to seven years. Indirect consumer loans are underwritten on a secured basis using the underlying collateral being financed. Residential Real Estate Mortgages - Residential real estate loans consist primarily of loans secured by first or second mortgages on primary residences. We originate adjustable-rate and fixed-rate one-to-four-family residential real estate loans for the construction, purchase or refinancing of an existing mortgage. These loans are collateralized primarily by owner-occupied properties generally located in the Company’s market area. Loans on one-to-four-family residential real estate are generally originated in amounts of no more than 85% of the purchase price or appraised value (whichever is lower), or have private mortgage insurance. The Company’s underwriting analysis for residential mortgage loans typically includes credit verification, independent appraisals, and a review of the borrower’s financial condition. Mortgage title insurance and hazard insurance are normally required. It is our general practice to underwrite our residential real estate loans to secondary market standards. Construction loans have a unique risk, because they are secured by an incomplete dwelling. This risk is reduced through periodic site inspections, including one at each loan draw period. In addition, the Company offers fixed home equity loans as well as home equity lines of credit to consumers to finance home improvements, debt consolidation, education and other uses. Our policy allows for a maximum loan to value ratio of 80%, although periodically higher advances are allowed. The Company originates home equity lines of credit and second mortgage loans (loans secured by a second junior lien position on one-to-four-family residential real estate). Risk is generally reduced through underwriting criteria, which include credit verification, appraisals, a review of the borrower's financial condition, and personal cash flows. A security interest, with title insurance when necessary, is taken in the underlying real estate. Allowance for Loan Losses The following table presents a roll-forward of the allowance for loan losses and other information pertaining to the allowance for loan losses: Allowance for Loan Losses Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Unallocated Total Roll-forward of the Allowance for Loan Losses for the Quarterly Periods: December 31, 2016 $ 1,017 $ 5,677 $ 6,120 $ 4,198 $ — $ 17,012 Charge-offs (16 ) — (254 ) — — (270 ) Recoveries 7 — 109 — — 116 Provision (69 ) (228 ) 727 (72 ) — 358 March 31, 2017 $ 939 $ 5,449 $ 6,702 $ 4,126 $ — $ 17,216 December 31, 2015 $ 1,827 $ 4,520 $ 5,554 $ 3,790 $ 347 $ 16,038 Charge-offs (40 ) — (160 ) (16 ) — (216 ) Recoveries 12 — 52 — — 64 Provision (362 ) 430 466 24 (157 ) 401 March 31, 2016 $ 1,437 $ 4,950 $ 5,912 $ 3,798 $ 190 $ 16,287 Allowance for Loan Losses Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Unallocated Total March 31, 2017 Allowance for loan losses - Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ — $ 34 $ — $ — $ — $ 34 Allowance for loan losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 939 5,415 6,702 4,126 — 17,182 Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated for Impairment — 884 88 1,094 — 2,066 Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated for Impairment $ 118,841 $ 434,432 $ 551,876 $ 703,590 $ — $ 1,808,739 December 31, 2016 — Allowance for loan losses - Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Allowance for loan losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 1,017 5,677 6,120 4,198 — 17,012 Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated for Impairment — 890 91 1,098 — 2,079 Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated for Impairment $ 105,155 $ 430,756 $ 537,270 $ 678,008 $ — $ 1,751,189 March 31, 2016 Allowance for loan losses - Loans Individually Evaluated for Impairment $ — $ 260 $ — $ — $ — $ 260 Allowance for loan losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated for Impairment 1,437 4,690 5,912 3,798 190 16,027 Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated for Impairment — 4,074 119 642 — 4,835 Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated for Impairment $ 106,077 $ 399,771 $ 489,390 $ 622,655 $ — $ 1,617,893 Through the provision for loan losses, an allowance for loan losses is maintained that reflects our best estimate of the inherent risk of loss in the Company’s loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Additions are made to the allowance for loan losses through a periodic provision for loan losses. Actual loan losses are charged against the allowance for loan losses when loans are deemed uncollectible and recoveries of amounts previously charged off are recorded as credits to the allowance for loan losses. Our loan officers and risk managers meet at least quarterly to discuss and review the conditions and risks associated with certain criticized and classified commercial-related relationships. In addition, our independent internal loan review department performs periodic reviews of the risk ratings on individual loans in our commercial loan portfolio. We use a two-step process to determine the provision for loan losses and the amount of the allowance for loan losses. We measure impairment on our impaired loans on a quarterly basis. Our impaired loans are generally nonaccrual loans over $250 thousand and all troubled debt restructured loans. Our impaired loans are generally considered to be collateral dependent with the specific reserve, if any, determined based on the value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell. The remainder of the portfolio is evaluated on a pooled basis. For each homogeneous loan pool, we estimate a total loss factor based on the historical net loss rates adjusted for applicable qualitative factors. We update the total loss factors assigned to each loan category on a quarterly basis. For the commercial and commercial real estate categories, we further segregate the loan categories by credit risk profile (pools of loans graded satisfactory, special mention and substandard). Additional description of the credit risk classifications is detailed in the Credit Quality Indicators section of this note. We determine the annualized historical net loss rate for each loan category using a trailing three-year net charge-off average. While historical net loss experience provides a reasonable starting point for our analysis, historical net losses, or even recent trends in net losses, do not by themselves form a sufficient basis to determine the appropriate level of the allowance for loan losses. Therefore, we also consider and adjust historical net loss factors for qualitative factors that impact the inherent risk of loss associated with our loan categories within our total loan portfolio. These include: • Changes in the volume and severity of past due, nonaccrual and adversely classified loans • Changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of loans • Changes in the value of the underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans • Changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere in estimating credit losses • Changes in the quality of the loan review system • Changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff • Changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectibility of the portfolio • The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations • The effect of other external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the existing portfolio or pool While not a significant part of the allowance for loan losses methodology, in 2016, we maintained an unallocated portion of the total allowance for loan losses related to the overall level of imprecision inherent in the estimation of the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses. Credit Quality Indicators The following table presents the credit quality indicators by loan category at March 31, 2017 , December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 : Loan Credit Quality Indicators Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total March 31, 2017 Credit Risk Profile by Creditworthiness Category: Satisfactory $ 109,416 $ 402,266 $ 511,682 Special Mention 1,349 2,233 3,582 Substandard 8,077 30,817 38,894 Doubtful — — — Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity: Performing $ 551,307 $ 702,081 $ 1,253,388 Nonperforming 656 2,603 3,259 December 31, 2016 Credit Risk Profile by Creditworthiness Category: Satisfactory $ 95,722 $ 396,907 $ 492,629 Special Mention 1,359 7,008 8,367 Substandard 8,074 27,731 35,805 Doubtful — — — Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity: Performing $ 536,614 $ 675,489 $ 1,212,103 Nonperforming 747 3,617 4,364 March 31, 2016 Credit Risk Profile by Creditworthiness Category: Satisfactory $ 97,189 $ 370,739 $ 467,928 Special Mention 994 15,098 16,092 Substandard 7,894 18,008 25,902 Doubtful — — — Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity: Performing $ 488,950 $ 620,130 $ 1,109,080 Nonperforming 559 3,167 3,726 We use an internally developed system of five credit quality indicators to rate the credit worthiness of each commercial loan defined as follows: 1) Satisfactory - "Satisfactory" borrowers have acceptable financial condition with satisfactory record of earnings and sufficient historical and projected cash flow to service the debt. Borrowers have satisfactory repayment histories and primary and secondary sources of repayment can be clearly identified; 2) Special Mention - Loans in this category have potential weaknesses that deserve management ’ s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution ’ s credit position at some future date. "Special mention" assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Loans which might be assigned this risk rating include loans to borrowers with deteriorating financial strength and/or earnings record and loans with potential for problems due to weakening economic or market conditions; 3) Substandard - Loans classified as “ substandard ” are inadequately protected by the current sound net worth or paying capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged, if any. Loans in this category have well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the repayment. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. “ Substandard ” loans may include loans which are likely to require liquidation of collateral to effect repayment, and other loans where character or ability to repay has become suspect. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets classified substandard; 4) Doubtful - Loans classified as “ doubtful ” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified as “ substandard ” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions, and values highly questionable and improbable. Although possibility of loss is extremely high, classification of these loans as “ loss ” has been deferred due to specific pending factors or events which may strengthen the value (i.e. possibility of additional collateral, injection of capital, collateral liquidation, debt restructure, economic recovery, etc). Loans classified as “ doubtful ” need to be placed on non-accrual; and 5) Loss - Loans classified as “ loss ” are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. As of the date of the balance sheet, all loans in this category have been charged-off to the allowance for loan losses. Large commercial loans are evaluated on an annual basis, unless the credit quality indicator falls to a level of "special mention" or below, when the loan is evaluated quarterly. The credit quality indicator is one of the factors used to determine any loss, as further described in this footnote. For the purposes of the table above, nonperforming consumer and residential loans are those loans on nonaccrual status or are 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest. Impaired Loans The following table presents information on impaired loans based on whether the impaired loan has a recorded related allowance or has no recorded related allowance: Impaired Loans Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total March 31, 2017 Recorded Investment: With No Related Allowance $ — $ 884 $ 88 $ 806 $ 1,778 With a Related Allowance — — — 288 288 Unpaid Principal Balance: With No Related Allowance — 884 88 806 1,778 With a Related Allowance — — — 288 288 December 31, 2016 Recorded Investment: With No Related Allowance $ — $ 890 $ 91 $ 1,098 $ 2,079 With a Related Allowance — — — — — Unpaid Principal Balance: With No Related Allowance — 890 91 1,098 2,079 With a Related Allowance — — — — — March 31, 2016 Recorded Investment: With No Related Allowance $ — $ 2,371 $ 119 $ 642 $ 3,132 With a Related Allowance — 1,703 — — 1,703 Unpaid Principal Balance: With No Related Allowance — 2,371 119 642 $ 3,132 With a Related Allowance — 1,703 — — 1,703 For the Quarter Ended: March 31, 2017 Average Recorded Balance: With No Related Allowance $ — $ 887 $ 90 $ 952 $ 1,929 With a Related Allowance — — — 144 144 Interest Income Recognized: With No Related Allowance — — 1 — 1 With a Related Allowance — — — — — Cash Basis Income: With No Related Allowance — — — — — With a Related Allowance — — — — — March 31, 2016 Average Recorded Balance: With No Related Allowance $ 78 $ 2,372 $ 117 $ 644 $ 3,211 With a Related Allowance — 852 — — 852 Interest Income Recognized: With No Related Allowance — 9 1 — 10 With a Related Allowance — — — — — Cash Basis Income: With No Related Allowance — — — — — With a Related Allowance — — — — — At March 31, 2017 , December 31, 2016 and March 31, 2016 , all impaired loans were considered to be collateral dependent and were therefore evaluated for impairment based on the fair value of collateral less estimated cost to sell. Interest income recognized in the table above, represents income earned after the loans became impaired and includes restructured loans in compliance with their modified terms and nonaccrual loans where we have recognized interest income on a cash basis. Loans Modified in Trouble Debt Restructurings The following table presents information on loans modified in trouble debt restructurings during the periods indicated. All loans were modified under Arrow's own programs. The principal modification, for all the modifications in the table below, involved payment deferrals. Loans Modified in Trouble Debt Restructurings During the Period Commercial Commercial Real Estate Consumer Residential Total For the Quarter Ended: March 31, 2017 Number of Loans — — 2 — 2 Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment $ — $ — $ 15 $ — $ 15 Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment — — 15 — 15 Subsequent Default, Number of Contracts — — — — — Subsequent Default, Recorded Investment — — — — — March 31, 2016 Number of Loans — — — — — Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment — — — — — Subsequent Default, Number of Contracts — — — — — Subsequent Default, Recorded Investment — — — — — In general, loans requiring modification are restructured to accommodate the projected cashflows of the borrower. No loans modified during the preceding twelve months subsequently defaulted as of March 31, 2017 . In addition, no commitments have been made to extend credit to borrowers whose loans have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring. |