Note 5. Loans, Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality | Note 5. Loans, Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality The composition of net loans as of the balance sheet dates was as follows: December 31, December 31, 2020 2019 Commercial & industrial $ 161,067,501 $ 98,930,831 Commercial real estate 280,544,550 246,282,726 Municipal 54,807,367 55,817,206 Residential real estate - 1st lien 170,507,263 158,337,296 Residential real estate - Jr lien 38,147,659 43,230,873 Consumer 4,280,990 4,390,005 Total loans 709,355,330 606,988,937 Deduct (add): ALL 7,208,485 5,926,491 Deferred net loan fees (costs) 1,195,741 (362,415 ) Net loans $ 700,951,104 $ 601,424,861 The following is an age analysis of loans (including non-accrual), as of the balance sheet dates, by portfolio segment: 90 Days Total Non- Accrual 90 Days or More and December 31, 2020 30-89 Days or More Past Due Current Total Loans Loans Accruing Commercial & industrial $ 119,413 $ 0 $ 119,413 $ 160,948,088 $ 161,067,501 $ 434,196 $ 0 Commercial real estate 127,343 567,957 695,300 279,849,250 280,544,550 1,875,942 0 Municipal 0 0 0 54,807,367 54,807,367 0 0 Residential real estate 1st lien 1,872,439 828,344 2,700,783 167,806,480 170,507,263 2,173,315 390,288 Jr lien 18,322 180,711 199,033 37,948,626 38,147,659 191,311 98,889 Consumer 14,388 0 14,388 4,266,602 4,280,990 0 0 Totals $ 2,151,905 $ 1,577,012 $ 3,728,917 $ 705,626,413 $ 709,355,330 $ 4,674,764 $ 489,177 90 Days Total Non- Accrual 90 Days or More and December 31, 2019 30-89 Days or More Past Due Current Total Loans Loans Accruing Commercial & industrial $ 68,532 $ 44,503 $ 113,035 $ 98,817,796 $ 98,930,831 $ 480,083 $ 0 Commercial real estate 1,690,307 151,723 1,842,030 244,440,696 246,282,726 1,600,827 0 Municipal 0 0 0 55,817,206 55,817,206 0 0 Residential real estate 1st lien 3,871,045 1,217,098 5,088,143 153,249,153 158,337,296 2,112,267 530,046 Jr lien 331,416 147,976 479,392 42,751,481 43,230,873 240,753 112,386 Consumer 49,607 0 49,607 4,340,398 4,390,005 0 0 Totals $ 6,010,907 $ 1,561,300 $ 7,572,207 $ 599,416,730 $ 606,988,937 $ 4,433,930 $ 642,432 For all loan segments, loans over 30 days past due are considered delinquent. As of the balance sheet dates presented, residential mortgage loans in process of foreclosure consisted of the following: Number of loans Balance December 31, 2020 6 $ 312,807 December 31, 2019 9 495,943 As of December 31, 2020, a foreclosure moratorium first decreed in April, 2020 by the State of Vermont due to the COVID-19 emergency remained in effect. The following summarizes changes in the ALL and select loan information, by portfolio segment: As of or for the year ended December 31, 2020 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Unallocated Total ALL beginning balance $ 836,766 $ 3,181,646 $ 0 $ 1,388,564 $ 289,684 $ 51,793 $ 178,038 $ 5,926,491 Charge-offs (39,148 ) (34,200 ) 0 (203,623 ) (28,673 ) (74,327 ) 0 (379,971 ) Recoveries 1,087 20,000 0 12,856 5,809 33,213 0 72,965 Provision (credit) 43,842 686,707 82,211 537,507 (31,924 ) 49,782 220,875 1,589,000 ALL ending balance $ 842,547 $ 3,854,153 $ 82,211 $ 1,735,304 $ 234,896 $ 60,461 $ 398,913 $ 7,208,485 ALL evaluated for impairment Individually $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 108,474 $ 307 $ 0 $ 0 $ 108,781 Collectively 842,547 3,854,153 82,211 1,626,830 234,589 60,461 398,913 7,099,704 Total $ 842,547 $ 3,854,153 $ 82,211 $ 1,735,304 $ 234,896 $ 60,461 $ 398,913 $ 7,208,485 Loans evaluated for impairment Individually $ 414,266 $ 1,943,723 $ 0 $ 4,657,050 $ 135,053 $ 0 $ 7,150,092 Collectively 160,653,235 278,600,827 54,807,367 165,850,213 38,012,606 4,280,990 702,205,238 Total $ 161,067,501 $ 280,544,550 $ 54,807,367 $ 170,507,263 $ 38,147,659 $ 4,280,990 $ 709,355,330 As of or for the year ended December 31, 2019 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Unallocated Total ALL beginning balance $ 697,469 $ 3,019,868 $ 0 $ 1,421,494 $ 273,445 $ 56,787 $ 133,478 $ 5,602,541 Charge-offs (175,815 ) (116,186 ) 0 (242,244 ) (222,999 ) (102,815 ) 0 860,059 ) Recoveries 10,768 50,388 0 15,776 2,200 38,710 0 117,842 Provision 304,344 227,576 0 193,538 237,038 59,111 44,560 1,066,167 ALL ending balance $ 836,766 $ 3,181,646 $ 0 $ 1,388,564 $ 289,684 $ 51,793 $ 178,038 $ 5,926,491 ALL evaluated for impairment Individually $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 103,836 $ 712 $ 0 $ 0 $ 104,548 Collectively 836,766 3,181,646 0 1,284,728 288,972 51,793 178,038 5,821,943 Total $ 836,766 $ 3,181,646 $ 0 $ 1,388,564 $ 289,684 $ 51,793 $ 178,038 $ 5,926,491 Loans evaluated for impairment Individually $ 420,933 $ 1,699,238 $ 0 $ 4,471,902 $ 156,073 $ 0 $ 6,748,146 Collectively 98,509,898 244,583,488 55,817,206 153,865,394 43,074,800 4,390,005 600,240,791 Total $ 98,930,831 $ 246,282,726 $ 55,817,206 $ 158,337,296 $ 43,230,873 $ 4,390,005 $ 606,988,937 Impaired loans as of the balance sheet dates, by portfolio segment were as follows: As of December 31, 2020 Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment(1) Balance Allowance Investment(1)(2) Recognized(2) Related allowance recorded Residential real estate 1st lien $ 900,581 $ 950,063 $ 108,474 $ 889,262 $ 72,713 Jr lien 4,777 4,775 307 5,416 541 Total with related allowance 905,358 954,838 108,781 894,678 73,254 No related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 414,266 471,405 397,136 6,396 Commercial real estate 1,944,013 2,394,284 1,746,430 14,139 Residential real estate 1st lien 3,788,965 4,607,848 3,878,829 230,838 Jr lien 130,279 169,720 163,750 4,524 Total with no related allowance 6,277,523 7,643,257 6,186,145 255,897 Total impaired loans $ 7,182,881 $ 8,598,095 $ 108,781 $ 7,080,823 $ 329,151 1) Recorded investment in impaired loans in the table above includes accrued interest receivable and deferred net loan costs of $32,789. 2) For the year ended December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2019 Unpaid Average Interest Recorded Principal Related Recorded Income Investment(1) Balance Allowance Investment(1)(2) Recognized(2) Related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 32,466 $ 0 Commercial real estate 0 0 0 97,720 0 Residential real estate 1st lien 878,439 902,000 103,836 982,158 86,039 Jr lien 6,121 6,101 712 6,869 648 Total with related allowance 884,560 908,101 104,548 1,119,213 86,687 No related allowance recorded Commercial & industrial 420,933 445,509 307,208 6,396 Commercial real estate 1,699,772 2,031,764 1,812,836 21,591 Residential real estate 1st lien 3,614,960 4,273,884 3,778,822 212,883 Jr lien 149,972 157,754 224,938 4,524 Total with no related allowance 5,885,637 6,908,911 6,123,804 245,394 Total impaired loans $ 6,770,197 $ 7,817,012 $ 104,548 $ 7,243,017 $ 332,081 1) Recorded investment in impaired loans in the table above includes accrued interest receivable and deferred net loan costs of $22,051. 2) For the year ended December 31, 2019. Credit Quality Grouping In developing the ALL, management uses credit quality groupings to help evaluate trends in credit quality. The Company groups credit risk into Groups A, B and C. The manner the Company utilizes to assign risk grouping is driven by loan purpose. Commercial purpose loans are individually risk graded while the retail portion of the portfolio is generally grouped by delinquency pool. Group A loans - Acceptable Risk Group B loans - Management Involved Group C loans - Unacceptable Risk Commercial purpose loan ratings are assigned by the commercial account officer; for larger and more complex commercial loans, the credit rating is a collaborative assignment by the lender and the credit analyst. The credit risk rating is based on the borrower’s expected performance, i.e., the likelihood that the borrower will be able to service its obligations in accordance with the loan terms. Credit risk ratings are meant to measure risk versus simply record history. Assessment of expected future payment performance requires consideration of numerous factors. While past performance is part of the overall evaluation, expected performance is based on an analysis of the borrower’s financial strength, and historical and projected factors such as size and financing alternatives, capacity and cash flow, balance sheet and income statement trends, the quality and timeliness of financial reporting, and the quality of the borrower’s management. Other factors influencing the credit risk rating to a lesser degree include collateral coverage and control, guarantor strength and commitment, documentation, structure and covenants and industry conditions. There are uncertainties inherent in this process. Credit risk ratings are dynamic and require updating whenever relevant information is received. Risk ratings are assessed on an ongoing basis and at various points, including at delinquency or at the time of other adverse events. For larger, more complex or adversely rated loans, risk ratings are also assessed at the time of annual or periodic review. Lenders are required to make immediate disclosure to the Senior Credit Officer of any known increase in loan risk, even if considered temporary in nature. The risk ratings within the loan portfolio, by segment, as of the balance sheet dates were as follows: As of December 31, 2020 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Total Group A $ 156,748,590 $ 261,932,833 $ 54,807,367 $ 167,478,918 $ 37,850,056 $ 4,280,990 $ 683,098,754 Group B 998,641 12,784,078 0 0 0 0 13,782,719 Group C 3,320,270 5,827,639 0 3,028,345 297,603 0 12,473,857 Total $ 161,067,501 $ 280,544,550 $ 54,807,367 $ 170,507,263 $ 38,147,659 $ 4,280,990 $ 709,355,330 As of December 31, 2019 Residential Residential Commercial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate & Industrial Real Estate Municipal 1st Lien Jr Lien Consumer Total Group A $ 93,774,871 $ 233,702,063 $ 55,817,206 $ 154,770,678 $ 42,725,543 $ 4,390,005 $ 585,180,366 Group B 3,295,223 4,517,811 0 0 0 0 7,813,034 Group C 1,860,737 8,062,852 0 3,566,618 505,330 0 13,995,537 Total $ 98,930,831 $ 246,282,726 $ 55,817,206 $ 158,337,296 $ 43,230,873 $ 4,390,005 $ 606,988,937 Modifications of Loans and TDRs A loan is classified as a TDR if, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, the Company grants a concession to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The Company is deemed to have granted such a concession if it has modified a troubled loan in any of the following ways: · Reduced accrued interest; · Reduced the original contractual interest rate to a rate that is below the current market rate for the borrower; · Converted a variable-rate loan to a fixed-rate loan; · Extended the term of the loan beyond an insignificant delay; · Deferred or forgiven principal in an amount greater than three months of payments; or · Performed a refinancing and deferred or forgiven principal on the original loan. · Capitalized protective advance to pay delinquent real estate taxes. · Capitalized delinquent accrued interest. An insignificant delay or insignificant shortfall in the amount of payments typically would not require the loan to be accounted for as a TDR. However, pursuant to regulatory guidance, any payment delay longer than three months is generally not considered insignificant. Management’s assessment of whether a concession has been granted also takes into account payments expected to be received from third parties, including third-party guarantors, provided that the third party has the ability to perform on the guarantee. The Company’s TDRs are principally a result of extending loan repayment terms to relieve cash flow difficulties. The Company has only, on a limited basis, reduced interest rates for borrowers below the current market rate for the borrower. The Company has not forgiven principal or reduced accrued interest within the terms of original restructurings, nor has it converted variable rate terms to fixed rate terms. However, the Company evaluates each TDR situation on its own merits and does not foreclose the granting of any particular type of concession. The Company has adopted the TDR guidance issued by the federal banking agencies in March and April 2020 regarding the treatment of certain short-term loan modifications relating to the COVID-19 pandemic (See Note 3). Under this guidance, qualifying concessions and modifications are not considered TDRs. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had granted short term loan concessions and/or modifications within the terms of this guidance to 514 borrowers, with respect to loans having an aggregate principal amount of $119.8 million. These loans may bear a higher risk of default in future periods. New TDRs, by portfolio segment, for the periods presented were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2020 Pre- Post- Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Contracts Investment Investment Residential real estate 1st lien 6 $ 591,826 $ 687,751 Year ended December 31, 2019 Pre- Post- Modification Modification Outstanding Outstanding Number of Recorded Recorded Contracts Investment Investment Commercial & industrial 6 $ 371,358 $ 372,259 Commercial real estate 1 19,266 21,628 Residential real estate 1st lien 6 755,476 798,800 Jr lien 1 55,557 57,415 14 $ 1,201,657 $ 1,250,102 The TDRs for which there was a payment default during the twelve month periods presented were as follows: Year ended December 31, 2020 Number of Recorded Contracts Investment Residential real estate - 1st lien 1 $ 165,168 Year ended December 31, 2019 Number of Recorded Contracts Investment Commercial & industrial 2 $ 27,818 Residential real estate - 1st lien 1 227,907 Residential real estate - Jr lien 1 55,010 4 $ 310,735 TDRs are treated as other impaired loans and carry individual specific reserves with respect to the calculation of the ALL. These loans are categorized as non-performing, may be past due, and are generally adversely risk rated. The TDRs that have defaulted under their restructured terms are generally in collection status and their reserve is typically calculated using the fair value of collateral method. The specific allowances related to TDRs as of the balance sheet dates presented were as follows: 2020 2019 Specific allowance $ 108,781 $ 104,548 As of the balance sheet dates, the Company evaluates whether it is contractually committed to lend additional funds to debtors with impaired, non-accrual or modified loans. The Company is contractually committed to lend under one SBA guaranteed line of credit to a borrower whose lending relationship was previously restructured. |